The Development and
Application of IEEE CBTC
Standards
Dr. Alan F. Rumsey
Delcan, Vice President Rail and Transit Systems
Toronto, Ontario, CANADA
APTA 2012 Rail Conference
IEEE Standards Association (IEEE-SA)
 IEEE-SA is “a leading consensus building organization that
nurtures, develops & advances global technologies”
 IEEE standards “fuel the development and implementation
of technologies that influence and transform the way we
live, work and communicate”
 “Anyone can participate in IEEE standards development”
http://standards.ieee.org/
Communications Based Train Control
 A Global Technology
 A train-borne method of determining a train’s location, length
and integrity
 A continuous data communications link between the CBTC
train-borne equipment and CBTC wayside equipment
 Train-borne and wayside vital processors capable of
performing automatic train protection (ATP), automatic train
operation (ATO) and automatic train supervision (ATS)
functions
CBTC Influences
 To optimize the utilization of the rail transit infrastructure by
providing




Safety of train movements
Maximizing line capacity
Permitting flexible train movements
Providing for high system availability, with degraded modes of
operation
 To efficiently move people
IEEE Standards Development Lifecycle
Initiating the
Project
Maintaining
the Standard
Mobilizing
Working Group
http://standards.ieee.org/develop
Gaining Final
Approval
Drafting the
Standard
Balloting the
Standard
Rail Transportation Standards Committee
 Rail Transportation Standards Committee (RTSC)
 Formed in 1996 as a standing committee of the Vehicular
Technology Society of the IEEE
 Develops standards using ANSI consensus procedures as
administered by the IEEE
 Develops standards associated with rail passenger vehicles,
trains and systems
IEEE RTSC Working Group 2 (WG2)
 WG2 is one of RTSC working groups
 Specifically focused on CBTC
 Open to all interested parties and includes:
•
•
•
•
Transit agencies (from North America and Europe)
Signal suppliers
Consultants
Government agencies
IEEE RTSC Working Group 2 (WG2)
 WG2 “Guiding Principles”
 Any new CBTC standard should add value to the industry
 Development of any new CBTC standard should be achievable
within a reasonable period of time
Initiating the
Project
 Four CBTC standards developed to date
Maintaining
the Standard
• 51 meetings held
• ~ 10 to 30 participants at each meeting
• > 100 individuals participated over the years
Mobilizing
Working Group
Gaining Final
Approval
Drafting the
Standard
Balloting the
Standard
IEEE CBTC Standards
 IEEE Std 1474.1TM – 2004 (R2009):
 Communications-Based Train Control (CBTC) Performance
and Functional Requirements
• First published in 1999; updated in
2004 to incorporate driverless train
operations; re-affirmed in 2009
without revisions
• Standard widely used and referenced
around the world
• Also referenced in FRA final rule for
Positive Train Control (PTC)
CBTC – PTC Comparison
CBTC
Automatic Train
Supervision (ATS)
Automatic Train
Operation (ATO)
Automatic Train
Protection (ATP)
PTC
IEEE CBTC Standards
 IEEE Std 1474.2-2003TM (R2008):
 User Interface Requirements in Communications-Based Train
Control (CBTC) Systems
• Provides for consistent operationsrelated and maintenance-related user
interfaces
• First published in 2003 and re-affirmed
in 2008 without revisions
• Also referenced in FRA final rule for PTC
IEEE CBTC Standards
 IEEE Std 1474.3TM – 2008:
 Recommended Practice for Communications-Based Train
Control (CBTC) System Design and Functional Allocations
• Published in September, 2008
• Captures current state-of-the-art and
industry best practice in allocating the
functional requirements to individual
CBTC subsystems
• Also of value in gaining a better
understanding of CBTC system
architectures/principles of operation
Major CBTC Subsystems
•
Central Equipment
•
Wayside Equipment
•
Train-borne Equipment
•
Data Comm Equipment
Example: Primary ATP Functions
•
Determine train location
Example: Primary ATP Functions
•
Determine movement
authority based on
train location and
route status
Example: Primary ATP Functions
•
Determine and enforce
ATP profile
IEEE CBTC Standards
 IEEE Std1474.4TM - 2011:
 Recommended Practice for Functional Testing of a
Communications-Based Train Control (CBTC) Systems
• Defines a preferred sequence and
extent of off-site and onsite functional
testing for CBTC systems with the
objective of maximizing test efficiency
and effectiveness
• Published in September, 2011
CBTC Functional Testing
Full Set of CBTC Sub-functions
Factory Functional Testing
Sub-functions Fully
Verified in the Factory
Sub-functions Not Fully
Verified in the Factory
Test Track Functional Testing
Sub-functions
Fully Verified on a
CBTC Test Track
Sub-functions Not
Fully Verified on a
CBTC Test Track
Field Functional Testing
Sub-functions Fully
Verified in the Field
All CBTC Sub-functions Fully Verified
Relationship between CBTC Standards
CBTC System Acceptance
(Trial Operations and
Reliability/Availability/
Maintainability Testing)
CBTC System
Requirements
CBTC System Functional
Requirements
(IEEE Std. 1474.1)
CBTC System Functional
Testing (Factory, CBTC Test
Track and Field)
(IEEE Std. 1474.4)
CBTC System Design and
Functional Allocation
(IEEE Std. 1474.3)
CBTC Subsystem Design
CBTC Subsystem Testing
and Installation
Verification
CBTC Subsystem
Manufacture and
Qualification Testing
IEEE RTSC Working Group 2 (WG2)
 In 2010, WG2 was awarded the “IEEE-SA Emerging
Technology Award” for the group’s “leadership in
developing universally adopted consensus standards for
communications-based train control technology”
Summary
 IEEE RTSC WG2 has developed four consensus standards for
CBTC technology
 The IEEE CBTC standards are being recognized and
referenced around the world
 In developing CBTC consensus standards, WG2 depended
totally on the support of the transit agencies, signaling
suppliers, and other interested parties