380V DC Eco-system Development
Present Status and Future Challenges
David E. Geary, Universal Electric Corporation / StarLine DC Solutions, Canonsburg, PA - USA
David P. Mohr, HP, Houston, TX - USA
David Owen, Juniper Networks, Sunnyvale, CA - USA
Maurizio Salato, Vicor Corporation, Andover, MA - USA
BJ Sonnenberg, Emerson Network Power, Warrenville, IL – USA
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
Reported 380VDC Distribution Advantages
CapEx Reductions
•Elimination of Inverters in UPS and PFC correction in PS
• Reduced copper in distribution
OpEx Reductions
• Conversion efficiency gains of 5-10%
• Lower operational and maintenance cost, 33%
• Reduced distribution losses of 2%
• Reduced heat dissipated on the data center floor
• Increased reliability, 200% plus increase
Space Reductions
• Reduced power conversion volume at compute node by 50%
• Reduced data center footprint, 25-33% savings
Power Quality
Improvements
• Eliminates phase balance issues from single phase equipment
• Harmonics controlled at the DC conversion
• Ease of interconnect to alternative energy sources
• Ease of connection to back up sources
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
Up to
15%
Savings
Up to
35%
Savings
Up to
25%
Savings
Some of the World-wide DC Deployments
IBM
380V DC
Validus (ABB)
380V DC
Nextek
Syracuse
University
380V DC
UPN AB.
350V/380V DC
Netpower Labs AB
(several sites)
350V/380V DC
Green.Ch
380V DC
France Telecom
380V DC
380V DC
SAP
380V DC
Korea
380V DC
Intel
380V DC
NTT Group
(several sites)
380V/400V DC
Univ.
California
380V DC
Other Japan Demos
300V/350V DC
Clustered
Systems
380V DC
China Mobile
I/O
380V DC
380V DC
China Telecom
Duke Energy
380V DC
240V/380V DC
North American
Telecom
380V DC
Sizes vary from 15 kW to 1MW
North America
• Proof of concept - 9
• Production - 4
European Telecom
380V DC
IBM Singapore
380V DC
Europe
• Proof of concept - 2
• Production >20
Taiwan IT
380V
New Zealand
Telecom
380V
Asia
• Proof of concept – 11+
• Production - >350 (majority 240VDC in China)
Introduction
•
•
•
Review commercial availability of equipment supporting 380VDC distribution for practical
immediate implementation at the time of this presentation
Examine future paths for improvement in terms of performance
It is assumed that the powered loads meet voltage ranges specified in ETSI EN300-132-3-1 ,
ITU-T L1200 and Emerge Alliance Data/Telecom Center Standard
Chip to Grid Perspective
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
380V Eco-system Availability Summary
Bus way
Rack
PDU
Connector
Rack-mount
Power
Supply
ABB
Starline
ServerTech
Anderson
Emerson
ABB
Carling
PDI
API Tech
Hubbel
Delta
Delta
Schneider
Eaton
Delta
AcBel
Netpower Labs
Nader
Rong Feng /
Delta
DC Power
System
DC
Breaker
Emerson
Eltek
Chinese
vendors
Japanese
vendors
Rectifier
Technologies
Ltd (Australia)
Siemens
Fujitsu Comp.
Echola
Fujitsu
Components
Others
Power
Components
Vicor
ICT Load
HP
major platforms available
IBM
some X and Z series available
Juniper
products in final evaluation
NEI
Commercial products available
NEC
Commercial products available
Supermicro
2 trial servers available
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
Juniper 380VDC Networking Product Plans
1st half 2013
Power
Supply
Q4 2013
Juniper 850W HVDC Power Supply
• 94% efficiency
• Wide input range – 240V to 380VDC
• APP Saf-D-Grid Connector
• cTUVus listed
Platforms
Juniper Data Center Platforms
• Top of Rack (TOR)
•
EX4550 960 G-bits, 48 dual-speed GbE/10GbE
ports with Virtual Chassis
•
QFX3500 960M-bits, 48x10GbE, 4x40GbE,
FCoE, iSCSI support
QFX3600 1.28T-bits, 64x10GbE or 16x40GbE,
FCoE, iSCSI support
•
1H 2014
Juniper 850W HVDC Power Supply
• 94% efficiency
• Wide input range – 240V to 380VDC
• APP Saf-D-Grid Connector
QFX3600-I micro-Fabric (5.12T-bits)
• Interconnects QFX3600s to support 16 racks of
servers and storage
• QFX3600-I 1.28T-bits, 64x10GbE or 16x40GbE,
FCoE, iSCSI support
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
HP 380VDC Product Support Plans
1st half 2013
Power
Supply
Platforms
1H 2013
HP 1200W Common Slot HVDC Power Supply
• 94% efficiency
• Wide-input range – 240V to 380VDC
• APP Saf-D-Grid Connector
• UL/CE listed
HP Common Slot compatible platforms
• HP ProLiant DL, ML, SL
• HP BladeSystem c3000
• HP Storage (~20 platforms)
• HP Networking
2H 2013
HP 2400W HVDC Power Supply
• 94% efficiency
• Wide input range – 240V to 380VDC
HP blade-based platforms
• HP BladeSystem c7000
• HP Integrity Superdome 2
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
Power system trend & 380VDC Bus Converter
In-system density: 0.5-3W/cm3
Peak efficiency: 80-85%
In-system density: 2-9W/cm3
Peak efficiency: 94-97%
In-system density: >20W/cm3
Peak efficiency: 97-98%
2000
2010
1990
Time
1200W Converter housed in a package (6123 ChiP) - 63.13 x 22.80 x 7.26mm (2.485 x 0.898 x 0.286 inch)
• Input voltage range: 260-410VDC
• Output voltage = 1/8 or 1/32 of input voltage
• Up to 1200W continuous output power
• 1800W/in3 (110W/cm3) power density
• 98% peak Efficiency
• 4242 VDC isolation (input to output), UL listed
• Can be paralleled to create multi-kW arrays
• OV, OC, UV, short circuit and thermal protection
• Micro-Controller providing telemetry and supervisory functions
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
380VDC Bus Converter examples:
Bus way Drop box placement
Rack Power Strip placement
Rack Mid-plane placement
The power component methodology concept….
A set of proven
high efficiency (> 97%)
high density (> 1.5kW/inch3)
thermally-adept (planar interface, single- or double-side cooling)
Scalable (positive temperature coefficient, easy paralleling)
building blocks that
support power distribution architectures tailored to the application’s requirements
… perfectly fits higher voltage DC distribution systems
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
Connectors and Line Cords
•
•
•
•
•
•
APP Saf-D-Grid connector uses sacrificial contact area to mitigate arc damage
Meets All Applicable Standards
IEC 61984 “Connectors – Safety requirements and tests”
UL 1977 “Component Connectors for Use in Data, Signal, Control and Power Applications”
IEC 60590 & UL 1950 “Information technology equipment – Safety”
IEC 60644 “Insulation coordination for equipment within low-voltage systems”
Hubbell IEC Platform
APP
Connector
Receptacle
Plug
Inlet
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
Rack Distribution – Power Strips
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
380V DC CIRCUIT PROTECTION
Tmax Molded Case
Emax DC
380VDC FUSES
20-100 Amp, 700 V dc
22 X 58 MM
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
Distribution Products
UL/CE Listed 400A Bus Way
•
•
•
•
400A BUSWAY DISTRIBUTION COMPARISON
208V AC @ 400A = 144kVA/130kW (0.9pf)
415V AC @ 400A = 287kVA/258kW (0.9pf)
380V DC @ 400A = 152kVA X 2 = 304kVA/Kw (1.0pf)
Metering Devices
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
Emerson Network Power 380VDC
Systems Roadmap
st half NOW
(IN PRODUCTION)
1AVAILABLE
2013q1
2013
98%
96%
94%
92%
90%
88%
86%
84%
Q1 2014
H2 2014
15KW R400-15000e rectifier efficiency
•Isolated topology
•Supports multiple grounding schemes
•Hot pluggable
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
ABB 380 VDC Architecture
Gen II, pictured on ABB USA factory floor




Transformer isolated AC/DC conversion
DC/DC converter for output bus regulation and short circuit control
250kW modular, scalable design
Mid-point grounding, +/- 190VDC output
Future Architecture, 2014 and beyond





Active power factor correction on input
Independently operating active rectifier power modules
Modular and scalable in increments of 250Kw
Regulated, narrow band output voltage
Mid-point grounding, +/- 190VDC output
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
Present and Future
Challenges and Opportunities
• Further enhancement of rectifier efficiency
– New topologies
– New components (GaN , SIC)
• Grounding and ground fault detection and location
• Advances in circuit protection and control
• Battery / Energy storage advances, including storage located at
or near the loads
• Natural gas as a primary power source
• Alternative energy integration – dc micro-grids
• DC powered lighting and HVAC
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
Compliance Status
• Applicable General Standards - Voltages
–
–
–
European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) EN 300 132-3-0
International Telecommunication Union (ITU) L.1200
EMerge Alliance Data/Telecom Center Standard
• YD/T 2378-2011
– 240V Direct Current Power Supply System for Telecommunication
– Planned update for 336V (380VDC) mid to late 2014
• Equipment Safety Standards Exist
– Power systems – UL60950-1,EN60950
– Distribution system components – various UL and CE standards
– Power supplies – various UL and CE standards
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
Conclusions
• Eco system for 400VDC distribution is rapidly expanding
• UL listed and CE marked system components are
available or under advanced development in each
category – ready for deployment now
• Many vendors participating
• Expect accelerated shipments starting Q1 2014
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach
Contributors
•
David E. Geary, Universal Electric Corporation / StarLine DC Solutions, Canonsburg, PA – USA
–
•
David P. Mohr, HP, Houston, TX – USA
–
•
dowen@juniper.net
Maurizio Salato, Vicor Corporation, Andover, MA – USA
–
•
David.mpohr@hp.com
David Owen, Juniper Networks, Sunnyvale, CA – USA
–
•
dgeary@uecorp.com
MSalato@vicr.com
BJ Sonnenberg, Emerson Network Power, Warrenville, IL – USA
–
BJ.Sonnenberg@Emerson.com
INTELEC(r) 2013 • 13. - 17. October 2013, Hamburg - © VDE VERLAG GMBH • Berlin • Offenbach