TOLNET
GSFC
JPL
ESRL
UAH
LaRC
Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network (TOLNet)
Research Program Update
C. Senff, M. Newchurch (TOLNet PI), J. Al-Saadi, R. Alvarez, J. Burris,
W. Carrion, G. Chen, R. DeYoung, G. Kirgis, W. Koshak, S. Kuang, A.
Langford, T. Leblanc, T. McGee, D. Pliutau, A. Pszenny, J. Sullivan, G.
Sumnicht, L. Twigg, D. Walsh, L. Wang
Western Air Quality Modeling Workshop, 13 May 2015
TOLNET
TOLNet Background
GSFC
JPL
ESRL
UAH
TOLNet: A Research Initiative for Ground-based Lidar
Profiling of Tropospheric Ozone
 Interagency initiative started by NASA in July 2011.
 NASA provides funding to modify existing instruments, acquire
and archive data, and facilitate data usage.
 NASA support is augmented by other funding sources (NOAA,
EPA, state/local agencies, industry) for field campaign
deployments and data analysis.
 Currently 5 TOLNet stations: NASA/JPL, NOAA/ESRL, UAH,
NASA/GSFC, NASA/LaRC.
 Possible future TOLNet additions: University of Houston, TX;
Environment Canada, Toronto, ON.
 Annual TOLNet Workshop (this year: Boulder, CO, 16-18 June).
LaRC
TOLNET
TOLNet Objectives
GSFC
JPL
ESRL
UAH
LaRC
1. Provide coordinated high-resolution, time-height measurements
of ozone from near-surface to upper troposphere on a long-term
basis for air-quality/chemical/transport model improvement and
satellite retrieval validation.
2. Exploit synergies with EVS-1 DISCOVER-AQ, EVI-1 TEMPO,
GEO-CAPE studies, and existing routine observations to advance
understanding of processes controlling regional air quality and
chemistry.
3. Develop recommendations for lowering the cost and improving
the robustness of ozone lidar systems to better enable their
capability for addressing the needs of NASA, NOAA, EPA, and
state/local AQ agencies.
Ozone Lidar 101
Lidar = Light Detection and Ranging
O3 absorption cross section in near UV
TOLNet O3 lidar
wavelength range
TOLNET
TOLNet O3 Lidar Configurations
GSFC
JPL
ESRL
UAH
LaRC
Station
Characteristics
Strengths
Weaknesses
Altitude
range (AGL)
Ancillary Measurements
NearSurface
Detection
Start Date
NASA JPL
TMF
Quadruple YAG
pumped Raman
laser, 2-λ, 5receiver including
near-field
Reliable tech, long
term, full
troposphere
UTLS DIAL pair (1223 km)
Fixed location,
limited daytime
measurements
0.1 - 23 km
Strat DIAL (O3: 15-50 km, T: 1580 km, Aero: 15-50 km), H2O (320 km, with aerosol 355 nm),
Sfc O3&met, ozone sondes,
GPS total water, FTUVS,
WVMS, CIMEL
6/2012
NOAA
ESRL
(mobile)
Nd:YLF pumped
Ce:LiCAF tunable
3-λ, 2-receiver,
scanning, mobile
Mobile, tunable λ,
dual-DIAL, scanning
(near-surface and
horizontal
measurements)
Limited upper
altitude
0 - 3 km
Weekly ozone sondes, Doppler
wind lidar
1/2012
University
Alabama
Huntsville
(mobile in
2016)
Quadruple YAG
pumped Raman
laser, 3-λ,3receiver including
near field
UV dual-DIAL for
removing aerosol
effect
Fixed location
0.1 - 12 km
Weekly ozone sondes, physical
profilers (T, U, ceilometer),
Doppler wind lidar
5/2012
NASA
GSFC
(mobile)
Quadruple YAG
pumped Raman
laser, 2-λ, 8channel receiver,
including 4 near
field
Reliable tech,
transportable,
almost full
troposphere during
daytime
Large trailer
0.2 - 12 km
MPL Aerosol lidar, sun
photometer, PANDORA, ozone
sondes (Beltsville, FAA
approval for launch at GSFC
being sought)
5/2013
NASA
LaRC
(mobile)
Nd:YLF pumped
Ce:LiCAF tunable
2-UV λ,1-aerosol λ
Mobile, tunable
wavelengths
Limited upper
altitude
0.1 - 4 km
CAPABLE site: ozone sondes,
PANDORAs, aerosol lidar,
ceilometer, surface NOx, NO2,
O3, CO, SO2, PM2.5
5/2013
TOLNET
TOLNet Station Operation
GSFC
JPL
ESRL
UAH
LaRC
 Routine O3 profile measurements 2-3 days/week at home location
 Intensive campaign observations (multiple TOLNet lidars when feasible)
 ESRL, GSFC, LaRC currently mobile, UAH in 2016
Site
Total Local + Campaign
Operations
(days/hours)
2012
2013
2014
(thru 13
Aug)
Campaign-Only Operations (days/hrs)
UBWOS
JanFeb,
2012
JanFeb,
2013
14/62
22/230
LVOS
(MayJun,
2013)
SENEX/SEAC
4RS (Jun-Sep,
2013)
DISCOVER-AQ
Texas
(Sep,
2013)
Colorado
(Jul-13 Aug,
2014)
17/143
24/216
JPL
76/176
67/150
82/160
ESRL
26/114
70/587
39/278
UAH
38/313
58/488
22/170
GSFC
N/A a
16/60
51/421
25/211
LaRC
N/A
18/115
30/162
23/118
229/1400
224/1191
All
a
140/603
593 days / 3194 hours
26/200
38/371
a
Under development
TOLNET
Public
Data Access
http://www-air.larc.nasa.gov/missions/TOLNet/
GSFC
JPL
ESRL
UAH
LaRC
• User-friendly data format (based on NDACC & ICARTT formats) to better engage
potential data users and improve reporting of the data quality.
• Format complies with current international standards for lidar data and will be
considered as a new NASA standard data format.
Intercomparisons
UAH vs O3 sonde
ESRL vs GSFC
LaRC vs GSFC
ESRL vs profiling O3 CRDS
ESRL vs EPA FRM
TOLNet lidars agree with ozone sonde free flights, tether flights, with CRDS on the
BAO carriage, in situ surface O3 sensors, and with each other on average to better
than 5% over a wide variety of conditions.
JPL/TMF tropospheric ozone DIAL (TMTOL)
Tracking stratospheric intrusions from the lower
stratosphere to the ground
Multiple lidars for multiple species
Upper intrusion in
tropopause fold
4/9-4/12
Added 2 near-field mini
receivers to extend range
down to ~ 100 m AGL
Intrusion residual
“touched down”
on 4/12
TOLNet: Tropospheric Ozone Lidar Network
NOAA/ESRL TOPAZ Ozone Lidar
(TOPAZ = Tunable Optical Profiler for Aerosol and oZone)
Uintah Basin Winter O3 Study: 14/15 Feb 2013
90°
20°
6°
2°
•
High O3 concentrations were confined to a 400-m deep cold
pool layer.
•
NOx from the Bonanza power plant did not mix down to the
surface.
•
No indication of long-range or stratosphere-to-troposphere
transport of high O3.
UAH Ozone Lidar (RO3QET)
UAH O3 DIAL, UW HSRL, and LaRC HSRL measurements during 2013 SEAC4RS
8/30
NASA GSFC TROPOZ Ozone Lidar
NASA P3
Photo Courtesy: L. Twigg
TROPOZ lidar at Fort Collins during
DiscoverAQ
Lasers and telescope inside
TROPOZ trailer
Upper tropospheric O3 intrusion observed with TROPOZ
on 6 August 2014 during Discover-AQ Colorado (top)
and resolved by the RAQMS model (B. Pierce, bottom).
Langley Mobile Ozone Lidar (LMOL)
LMOL schematic
Operational lidar in NASA Langley laboratory
LMOL O3 time‐height cross section observed on 16 July 2014 at BAO, Erie, CO. O3 sonde data data are overlaid.
LMOL - sonde comparison:
LMOL trailer at the Table Mountain in Golden during Discover‐AQ Colorado LMOL mean = 52.6 ppbv, r.s.s.=4.6 ppbv
O3 sonde mean = 50.5 ppbv, r.s.s.=1.5 ppbv
Joint GSFC, ESRL, and LaRC O3 lidar observations during Discover
AQ
Ozone
Colorado on 22 July 2014, 18:30 – 4:00 UTC
Lidar
GSFC TROPOZ – Ft. Collins,
Analyses
CO
TROPOZ
TOPAZ
LMOL
ALTITUDE [m ASL]
5000
1
5
0
1
2
5
1
0
0
3500
8
0
6
0
4
0
2
0
2000
19:00
20:00
21:00
22:00
23:00
00:00
01:00
02:00
03:00
 Study O3 variability on local
scales
 Assess the impact of mountain
slope flows and mixing layer
height variations on O3
distribution
[ppbv]
[ppbv]
04:00
1
5
0
NOAA ESRL TOPAZ – BAO
Tower
1
2
5
1
0
0
3500
8
0
6
0
4
0
2
0
2000
19:00
20:00
21:00
22:00
23:00
00:00
01:00
02:00
03:00
TIME [UTC]
ALTITUDE [m ASL]
Ongoing analysis
ALTITUDE [m ASL]
5000
5000
LaRC LMOL – Golden, CO
[ppbv]
[ppbv]
04:00
1
5
0
1
2
5
1
0
0
8
0
3500
6
0
4
0
2
0
2000
19:00 20:00 21:00 22:00 23:00 00:00 01:00 02:00 03:00
TIME [UTC]
14
[ppbv]
[ppbv]
:00
TOLNET
TOLNet Future Activites
ESRL
Future Activities
JPL
•
GSFC
UAH
LaRC
Engage modelers and state and local AQ stake holders and make them aware
of TOLNet’s capabilities to
a) encourage AQ model evaluations, including regional (CMAQ, WRF,
RAQMS) and LES models,
b) explore TOLNet lidar deployment opportunities to address open AQ
science
questions.
•
Update and continue populating the TOLNet data archive, including reporting
of measurement uncertainties, to enhance broader data usage.
•
Use TOLNet lidar data to assess how well column observations from satellites
(e.g., TEMPO/GEO-CAPE) represent surface O3 concentrations (strong
synergy with Discover-AQ objectives).
•
Possible trans-boundary O3 transport and mixing study in California in
spring/summer 2016.