TLV2361, TLV2361Y
HIGH-PERFORMANCE, LOW-VOLTAGE
SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS155 – APRIL 1996
D
D
D
D
D
D
DBV PACKAGE
(TOP VIEW)
Low Supply Voltage Operation
VCC = ± 1 V Min
Wide Bandwidth
7 MHz Typ at VCC± = 2.5 V
High Slew Rate
3 V/µsec Typ at VCC± = ± 2.5 V
Wide Output Voltage Swing
± 2.4 V Typ at VCC± = ± 2.5 V, RL = 10 kΩ
Low Noise . . . 8 nV/√Hz Typ at f = 1 kHz
Available in SOT-23 Package
IN +
1
VCC–
2
IN –
3
5
VCC+
4
OUT
description
The TLV2361 is a high-performance operational amplifier built using an original Texas Instruments bipolar
process. This device can be operated at a very low supply voltage (±1 V ), while maintaining a wide output swing.
The TLV2361 offers a dramatically improved dynamic range for signal conditioning in low-voltage systems. The
TLV2361 provides higher performance than other general-purpose operational amplifiers by combining a high
unity-gain bandwidth with a fast slew rate. With its low distortion and low noise performance, this device is well
suited for audio applications. The TLV2361 is available in the very small SOT-23 package to reduce board space
requirements.
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
TA
PACKAGED DEVICES
SOT-23 (DBV)
SYMBOL
CHIP FORM
(Y)
TLV2361Y
0°C to 70°C
TLV2361CDBV
VAAC
– 40°C to 85°C
TLV2361IDBV
VAAI
The DBV package is only available taped and reeled. Chip forms are specified for operation
at 25°C only.
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
Copyright  1996, Texas Instruments Incorporated
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
1
TLV2361, TLV2361Y
HIGH-PERFORMANCE, LOW-VOLTAGE
SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS155 – APRIL 1996
equivalent schematic
VCC +
IN +
IN –
OUT
VCC –
ACTUAL DEVICE
COMPONENT COUNT
Capacitors
Diodes
Resistors
J-FET
Transistors
2
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
2
1
6
1
30
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLV2361, TLV2361Y
HIGH-PERFORMANCE, LOW-VOLTAGE
SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS155 – APRIL 1996
TLV2361Y chip information
This chip, when properly assembled, displays characteristics similar to the TLV2361. Thermal compression or
ultrasonic bonding may be used on the doped-aluminum bonding pads. This chip may be mounted with
conductive epoxy or a gold-silicon preform.
BONDING PAD ASSIGNMENTS
(8)
(1)
(7)
(4)
(3)
(1)
IN +
(3)
IN –
VCC+
(5)
+
(4)
OUT
–
(2)
39
VCC –
(2)
(2)
(6)
CHIP THICKNESS: 15 MILS TYPICAL
BONDING PADS: 4 × 4 MILS MINIMUM
TJmax = 150°C
(1)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(5)
TOLERANCES ARE ± 10%.
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILS.
PIN (2) IS INTERNALLY CONNECTED
TO BACKSIDE OF CHIP.
39
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
3
TLV2361, TLV2361Y
HIGH-PERFORMANCE, LOW-VOLTAGE
SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS155 – APRIL 1996
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)†
Supply voltage, VCC + (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 V
Supply voltage, VCC – (see Note 1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 3.5 V
Differential input voltage, VID (see Note 2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 3.5 V
Input voltage, VI (any input) ( see Notes 1 and 3 ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . VCC ±
Output voltage, VO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ± 3.5 V
Output current, IO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 mA
Duration of short-circuit current at (or below) 25°C ( output shorted to GND ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . unlimited
Continuous total power dissipation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . See Dissipation Rating Table
Operating free-air temperature range, TA: C suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0°C to 70°C
I suffix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 40°C to 85°C
Storage temperature range, Tstg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 65°C to 150°C
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260°C
† Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
NOTES: 1. All voltage values, except differential voltages, are with respect to the midpoint between VCC + and VCC – .
2. Differential voltages are at IN+ with respect to IN –.
3. All input voltage values must not exceed VCC.
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE
PACKAGE
TA ≤ 25°C
POWER RATING
DERATING FACTOR
ABOVE TA = 25°C
TA ≤ 70°C
POWER RATING
TA ≤ 85°C
POWER RATING
DBV
150 mW
1.2 mW/°C
96 mW
78 mW
recommended operating conditions
Supply voltage, VCC
Operating free-air temperature, TA
4
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
C SUFFIX
I SUFFIX
MIN
MAX
MIN
MAX
±1
± 2.5
±1
± 2.5
V
0
70
– 40
85
°C
UNIT
TLV2361, TLV2361Y
HIGH-PERFORMANCE, LOW-VOLTAGE
SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS155 – APRIL 1996
electrical characteristics, VCC± = ±1.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
TA†
TLV2361C
MIN
TYP
25°C
1
MAX
6
UNIT
VIO
Input offset voltage
VO = 0
0,
VIC = 0
IIO
Input offset current
VO = 0
0,
VIC = 0
IIB
Input bias current
VO = 0
0,
VIC = 0
VIC
Common-mode input voltage
|VIO| ≤ 7.5
7 5 mV
VOM +
Maximum positive-peak output voltage
VOM –
Maximum negative-peak output voltage
ICC
Supply current (package)
VO = 0
0,
AVD
CMRR
Large-signal differential voltage amplification
VO = ± 1 V, RL = 10 kΩ
VIC = ± 0.5 V
25°C
80
dB
25°C
75
dB
VCC± = ± 1.5 V to ± 2.5 V
25 °C
80
dB
Common-mode rejection ratio
kSVR
Supply-voltage rejection ratio
† Full range for the TLV2361I is 0°C to 70°C.
Full range
7.5
25°C
5
Full range
150
25°C
20
Full range
150
250
25°C
± 0.5
Full range
± 0.5
RL = 10 kΩ
25°C
1.2
RL ≥ 10 kΩ
Full range
1.2
RL = 10 kΩ
25°C
–1.2
RL ≥ 10 kΩ
Full range
–1.2
No load
100
mV
nA
nA
V
1.4
V
–1.4
25°C
1.4
Full range
V
2.25
2.75
60
mA
operating characteristics, VCC± = ±1.5 V, TA = 25°C
PARAMETER
TLV2361C
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
SR
Slew rate
VI = ± 0.5 V
RL = 10 kΩ,
V/µs
Unity-gain bandwidth
AV = 1,
AV = 40,
2.5
B1
CL = 100 pF
6
MHz
Vn
Equivalent input noise voltage
RS = 100 Ω,
RF = 10 kΩ,
f = 1 kHz
9
nV/√Hz
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
5
TLV2361, TLV2361Y
HIGH-PERFORMANCE, LOW-VOLTAGE
SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS155 – APRIL 1996
electrical characteristics, VCC± = ±2.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
TA†
TLV2361C
MIN
25°C
TYP
1
MAX
6
UNIT
VIO
Input offset voltage
VO = 0
0,
VIC = 0
IIO
Input offset current
VO = 0
0,
VIC = 0
IIB
Input bias current
VO = 0
0,
VIC = 0
VIC
Common-mode input voltage
|VIO| ≤ 7.5
7 5 mV
VOM +
Maximum positive-peak output voltage
VOM –
Maximum negative-peak output voltage
ICC
Supply current (package)
VO = 0,
0
AVD
CMRR
Large-signal differential voltage amplification
VO = ± 1 V, RL = 10 kΩ
VIC = ± 0.5 V
25°C
80
dB
Common-mode rejection ratio
25°C
85
dB
kSVR
Supply-voltage rejection ratio
VCC± = ± 1.5 V to ± 2.5 V
25 °C
80
dB
Full range
7.5
25°C
5
Full range
150
25°C
20
Full range
150
250
25°C
± 1.5
Full range
± 1.4
RL = 10 kΩ
25°C
2
RL ≥ 10 kΩ
Full range
2
RL = 10 kΩ
25°C
–2
RL ≥ 10 kΩ
Full range
–2
No
N oload
load
100
25°C
nA
nA
V
2.4
V
– 2.4
1.75
Full range
V
2.5
3
60
mV
mA
operating characteristics, VCC± = ±2.5 V, TA = 25°C
PARAMETER
TLV2361C
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
SR
Slew rate
VI = ± 0.5 V
RL = 10 kΩ,
V/µs
Unity-gain bandwidth
AV = 1,
AV = 40,
3
B1
CL = 100 pF
7
MHz
Vn
Equivalent input noise voltage
RS = 100 Ω,
RF = 10 kΩ,
f = 1 kHz
8
nV/√Hz
THD + N
Total harmonic distortion plus noise
AV = 1,
f = 3 kHz
VO = ± 1.2 V
RL = 10 kΩ,
6
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
0.004%
TLV2361, TLV2361Y
HIGH-PERFORMANCE, LOW-VOLTAGE
SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS155 – APRIL 1996
electrical characteristics, VCC± = ±1.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
TA†
TLV2361I
MIN
25°C
TYP
1
MAX
6
UNIT
VIO
Input offset voltage
VO = 0
0,
VIC = 0
IIO
Input offset current
VO = 0
0,
VIC = 0
IIB
Input bias current
VO = 0
0,
VIC = 0
VIC
Common-mode input voltage
|VIO| ≤ 7.5
7 5 mV
VOM +
Maximum positive-peak output voltage
VOM –
Maximum negative-peak output voltage
ICC
Supply current (package)
VO = 0
0,
AVD
CMRR
Large-signal differential voltage amplification
VO = ± 1 V, RL = 10 kΩ
VIC = ± 0.5 V
25°C
80
dB
25°C
75
dB
VCC± = ± 1.5 V to ± 2.5 V
25 °C
80
dB
Common-mode rejection ratio
kSVR
Supply-voltage rejection ratio
† Full range for the TLV2361I is – 40°C to 85°C.
Full range
7.5
25°C
5
Full range
150
25°C
20
Full range
150
250
25°C
± 0.5
Full range
± 0.5
RL = 10 kΩ
25°C
1.2
RL ≥ 10 kΩ
Full range
1.2
RL = 10 kΩ
25°C
–1.2
RL ≥ 10 kΩ
Full range
–1.2
No load
100
25°C
nA
nA
V
1.4
V
–1.4
1.4
Full range
V
2.25
2.75
60
mV
mA
operating characteristics, VCC± = ±1.5 V, TA = 25°C
PARAMETER
TLV2361I
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
SR
Slew rate
VI = ± 0.5 V
RL = 10 kΩ,
V/µs
Unity-gain bandwidth
AV = 1,
AV = 40,
2.5
B1
CL = 100 pF
6
MHz
Vn
Equivalent input noise voltage
RS = 100 Ω,
RF = 10 kΩ,
f = 1 kHz
9
nV/√Hz
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
7
TLV2361, TLV2361Y
HIGH-PERFORMANCE, LOW-VOLTAGE
SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS155 – APRIL 1996
electrical characteristics, VCC± = ±2.5 V (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
TA†
TLV2361I
MIN
25°C
TYP
1
MAX
6
UNIT
VIO
Input offset voltage
VO = 0
0,
VIC = 0
IIO
Input offset current
VO = 0
0,
VIC = 0
IIB
Input bias current
VO = 0
0,
VIC = 0
VIC
Common-mode input voltage
|VIO| ≤ 7.5
7 5 mV
VOM +
Maximum positive-peak output voltage
VOM –
Maximum negative-peak output voltage
ICC
Supply current (package)
VO = 0,
0
AVD
CMRR
Large-signal differential voltage amplification
VO = ± 1 V, RL = 10 kΩ
VIC = ± 0.5 V
25°C
80
dB
25°C
85
dB
VCC± = ± 1.5 V to ± 2.5 V
25 °C
80
dB
Common-mode rejection ratio
kSVR
Supply-voltage rejection ratio
† Full range for the TLV2361I is – 40°C to 85°C.
Full range
7.5
25°C
5
Full range
150
25°C
20
Full range
150
250
25°C
± 1.5
Full range
± 1.4
RL = 10 kΩ
25°C
2
RL ≥ 10 kΩ
Full range
2
RL = 10 kΩ
25°C
–2
RL ≥ 10 kΩ
Full range
–2
No
N oload
load
100
25°C
nA
nA
V
2.4
V
– 2.4
1.75
Full range
V
2.5
3
60
mV
mA
operating characteristics, VCC± = ±2.5 V, TA = 25°C
PARAMETER
TLV2361I
TEST CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
SR
Slew rate
VI = ± 0.5 V
RL = 10 kΩ,
V/µs
Unity-gain bandwidth
AV = 1,
AV = 40,
3
B1
CL = 100 pF
7
MHz
Vn
Equivalent input noise voltage
RS = 100 Ω,
RF = 10 kΩ,
f = 1 kHz
8
nV/√Hz
8
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLV2361, TLV2361Y
HIGH-PERFORMANCE, LOW-VOLTAGE
SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS155 – APRIL 1996
electrical characteristics, VCC± = ±1.5 V, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
VO = 0,
VO = 0,
TLV2361Y
MIN
TYP
VIO
IIO
Input offset voltage
IIB
VIC
Input bias current
Common-mode input voltage
VO = 0,
VIC = 0
|VIO| ≤ 7.5 mV
VOM +
VOM –
Maximum positive-peak output voltage
RL = 10 kΩ
1.2
1.4
Maximum negative-peak output voltage
RL = 10 kΩ
–1.2
–1.4
ICC
AVD
Supply current
VO = 0,
VO = ± 1 V,
CMRR
Common-mode rejection ratio
kSVR
Supply-voltage rejection ratio
Input offset current
Large-signal differential voltage amplification
MAX
UNIT
VIC = 0
1
6
mV
VIC = 0
5
100
nA
20
150
nA
± 0.5
V
V
No load
1.4
RL = 10 kΩ
80
dB
75
dB
80
dB
VIC = ± 0.5 V
VCC± = ± 1.5 V to ± 2.5 V
2.25
mA
operating characteristics, VCC± = ±1.5 V, TA = 25°C
PARAMETER
SR
Slew rate
B1
Vn
Unity-gain bandwidth
TEST CONDITIONS
VI = ± 0.5 V
RL = 10 kΩ,
RS = 100 Ω, RF = 10 kΩ,
AV = 1,
AV = 40,
Equivalent input noise voltage
TLV2361Y
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
2.5
V/µs
CL = 100 pF
6
MHz
f = 1 kHz
9
nV/√Hz
electrical characteristics, VCC± = ±2.5 V, TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
VIO
IIO
Input offset voltage
IIB
VIC
Input bias current
VOM +
VOM –
TEST CONDITIONS
VO = 0,
VO = 0,
TLV2361Y
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
VIC = 0
1
6
mV
VIC = 0
5
100
nA
20
150
nA
Common-mode input voltage
VO = 0,
VIC = 0
|VIO| ≤ 7.5 mV
Maximum positive-peak output voltage
RL = 10 kΩ
2
2.4
Maximum negative-peak output voltage
RL = 10 kΩ
–2
– 2.4
ICC
AVD
Supply current
VO = 0,
VO = ± 1 V,
CMRR
Common-mode rejection ratio
kSVR
Supply-voltage rejection ratio
Input offset current
Large-signal differential voltage amplification
± 1.5
V
No load
1.75
RL = 10 kΩ
VIC = ± 0.5 V
VCC± = ± 1.5 V to ± 2.5 V
V
2.5
mA
80
dB
85
dB
80
dB
operating characteristics, VCC± = ±2.5 V, TA = 25°C
PARAMETER
TEST CONDITIONS
VI = ± 0.5 V
RL = 10 kΩ,
SR
Slew rate
B1
Unity-gain bandwidth
AV = 1,
AV = 40,
Vn
Equivalent input noise voltage
RS = 100 Ω, RF = 10 kΩ,
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLV2361Y
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
3
V/µs
CL = 100 pF
7
MHz
f = 1 kHz
8
nV/√Hz
9
TLV2361, TLV2361Y
HIGH-PERFORMANCE, LOW-VOLTAGE
SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS155 – APRIL 1996
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Table of Graphs
FIGURE
10
vs Free-air temperature
1
vs Supply voltage
2
Maximum positive output voltage
vs Output current
3
Maximum negative output voltage
vs Output current
4
Maximum peak-to-peak output voltage
vs Frequency
5
Equivalent input noise voltage
vs Frequency
6
vs Frequency
7
vs Output voltage
8
ICC
Supply current
VOM+
VOM –
VO(PP)
Vn
THD
Total harmonic distortion
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
TLV2361, TLV2361Y
HIGH-PERFORMANCE, LOW-VOLTAGE
SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS155 – APRIL 1996
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs
SUPPLY VOLTAGE
2.5
2.5
VO = 0
No Load
2
TA = 25°C
TA = 0°C
2
I CC – Supply Current – mA
I CC – Supply Current – mA
TA = 85°C
TA = 75°C
VO = 0
No Load
VCC = ± 2.5 V
1.5
VCC = ± 1.5 V
1
0.5
TA = – 40°C
1.5
1
0.5
0
– 50
0
– 25
0
25
50
75
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
±1
0
100
±2
±3
±4
VCC ± – Supply Voltage – V
Figure 1
Figure 2
MAXIMUM POSITIVE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
MAXIMUM NEGATIVE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
OUTPUT CURRENT
VOM– – Maximum Negative Output Voltage – V
VOM+ – Maximum Positive Output Voltage – V
2.5
VCC ± = ± 2.5 V
±5
TA = 25°C
2
1.5
VCC ± = ± 1.5 V
1
0.5
0
– 0.5
–1
VCC ± = ± 1.5 V
– 1.5
–2
VCC ± = ± 2.5 V
– 2.5
0
0
– 0.4
– 0.8
– 1.2
– 1.8
IO – Output Current – mA
–2
0
Figure 3
4
8
12
16
IO – Output Current – mA
20
Figure 4
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
11
TLV2361, TLV2361Y
HIGH-PERFORMANCE, LOW-VOLTAGE
SINGLE OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS155 – APRIL 1996
EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE
vs
FREQUENCY
MAXIMUM PEAK-TO-PEAK OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
FREQUENCY
50
5
V n – Equivalent Input Noise Voltage – nV/ Hz
V O(PP) – Maximum Peak-To-Peak Output Voltage – V
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TA = 25°C
RL = 10 kΩ
VCC ± = ± 2.5 V
4
3
VCC ± = ± 1.5 V
2
1
0
1k
10 k
100 k
1M
10 M
VCC ± = ± 2.5 V
TA = 25°C
RS = 100 Ω
40
30
20
10
0
10
100
Figure 5
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION
vs
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
1
VCC ± = ± 2.5 V
RS = 10 kΩ
RL = 10 kΩ
VO =± 1.2 V
THD – Total Harmonic Distortion – %
THD – Total Harmonic Distortion – %
10
AV = 100
0.1
AV = 10
0.01
AV = 1
0.001
0
20
40
60
80
100
VCC = ± 3 V
RS = 10 kΩ
RL = 4 kΩ
AV = 10 V
0.1
0.01
20 kHz
20 Hz
0.001
1 kHz
0.0001
0
f – Frequency – kHz
0.5
1
1.5
VO(rms) – Output Voltage
Figure 7
12
10 k
Figure 6
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION
vs
FREQUENCY
1
1k
f – Frequency – Hz
f – Frequency – Hz
Figure 8
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
• DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
2
IMPORTANT NOTICE
Texas Instruments (TI) reserves the right to make changes to its products or to discontinue any semiconductor
product or service without notice, and advises its customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information
to verify, before placing orders, that the information being relied on is current.
TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products and related software to the specifications applicable at
the time of sale in accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are
utilized to the extent TI deems necessary to support this warranty. Specific testing of all parameters of each
device is not necessarily performed, except those mandated by government requirements.
Certain applications using semiconductor products may involve potential risks of death, personal injury, or
severe property or environmental damage (“Critical Applications”).
TI SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, INTENDED, AUTHORIZED, OR WARRANTED
TO BE SUITABLE FOR USE IN LIFE-SUPPORT APPLICATIONS, DEVICES OR SYSTEMS OR OTHER
CRITICAL APPLICATIONS.
Inclusion of TI products in such applications is understood to be fully at the risk of the customer. Use of TI
products in such applications requires the written approval of an appropriate TI officer. Questions concerning
potential risk applications should be directed to TI through a local SC sales office.
In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating
safeguards should be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance, customer product design, software performance, or
infringement of patents or services described herein. Nor does TI warrant or represent that any license, either
express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other intellectual property
right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such semiconductor products
or services might be or are used.
Copyright  1996, Texas Instruments Incorporated