$5 00
NEC® CODE CHANGES
Table of Contents:
Page
Introduction
4
430.103
Motor Disconnects
41
210.8
GFCI Protection Residential
Garages & Accessory Bldgs.
5
440.14
Air Conditioning DisconnectsLocation and Lock-out
41
210.8
GFCI Protection Residential Basements 6
445.18
Generator Disconnects
44
210.8
GFCI Protection Non-dwelling Kitchens
8
547.5
GFCI protection in Agricultural Buildings 45
210.8
GFCI Protection Non-dwelling
Outdoor Receptacles
9
550.25
AFCI – Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupters
in Mobile & Manufactured Homes
46
210.8
GFCI Protection Non-dwelling Sinks
10
590.6
GFCI Protection Residential
Boat Hoists
11
GFCI Protection of
Receptacles Supplied by Generators
46
210.8
600.6
Electric Sign Disconnects
48
210.12
Arc-Fault Protection Residential
12
600.21
50
210.12
Arc-Fault Protection Residential
13
Switch Required for Ballasts
& Power Supplies in Attics & Soffits
210.52
Residential Receptacle
Requirements Switched Receptacles
14
620.51
Elevator & Escalator Disconnects
51
626.22
Electrified Truck Stalls at Truck Stops
52
210.52
Countertop Receptacle
Requirements - Residential
15
626.24
Connecting Electrified Truck Stalls
53
640.6
Audio Cable Workmanship Practices
54
210.52
Bathroom Receptacle
Requirements - Residential
16
640.6
Abandoned Audio Cable Protocol
54
210.52
Balcony, Deck, Porch
Receptacle Requirements- Residential
17
645.5
Supply Cords Under Raised Floors
in Computer Rooms
56
210.60
Dormitories, Guest Room
Receptacle Requirements
18
645.5
Cable Protocol Under
Raised Floors in Computer Rooms
56
210.62
Show Window Receptacle Requirements 20
645.5
Abandoned Supply Cable Protocol
58
680.12
Pool Disconnect Requirements
59
680.22
Pool/Spa Lighting, Receptacle,
Equipment Requirements
60
680.22
GFCI Protection Requirements
for Pools & Spas
62
680.23
Underwater Luminaires
62
680.31
GFCI Protection for
Storable Pool Pumps
64
250.146
2
Page
Receptacle Grounding Terminal To Box 20
250.146
Receptacle Grounding
Terminal To Surface Mounted Box
21
250.146
Proper Grounding of Isolated
Ground Receptacles
22
280
Surge Arrestors
24
285
Surge Protective Devices
24
404.4
Switches & Circuit Breakers
in Damp or Wet Locations
26
680.34
Receptacle Location
Requirements Around Storable Pools
64
404.9
Grounding of Switches
27
680.43
Barriers in Boxes to Separate Devices
29
Receptacle Placement
Near Spas & Hot Tubs
66
406.4
406.8
New Weather-Resistant Receptacles
Required in Damp Locations
29
680.71
Branch Circuit & Receptacle
Placement for Hydromassage Tubs
67
406.8
New Weather-Resistant
30
Receptacles Required in Wet Locations
708
Critical Operations Power Systems
406.11
Tamper-Resistant Receptacle
Requirements- Residential
32
410.16
Luminaire Requirements in
Clothes Closets
32
410.16
Luminaire Installation
Requirements in Clothes Closets
34
410.130
Lighting Disconnects Non-dwelling
34
422.52
GFCI Protection for
Electric Drinking Fountains
36
424.19
Fixed Electric Heater
Disconnect Sizing Requirements
38
430.102
Disconnect Requirements
for Motors and Motor Controllers
39
® National Electrical Code and NEC are registered trademarks of the
National Fire Protection Association, Inc., Quincy, MA 02269.
68
725.25, 760.25, 770.25, 800.25
Abandoned Cables
70
770.48
71
Unlisted Fiber Optic
Cable Entering Building
770.93, 800.93, 820.93, 830.93
Cable Grounding
71
770.113, 800.113, 820.113
Installation of Fiber, Communications
& Coaxial Cables
72
800.48
Unlisted Communications
Cable Entering Building
73
800.156
Residential Communications Outlet
74
820.25
Abandoned Cable
75
820.48
Unlisted Coax Cable Entering Building
76
3
are identified by Code Section numbers in
brackets, e.g., “[90.4].”
Introduction
The National Electrical Code® (NEC®) is written for
persons who understand electrical terms, theory,
safety procedures and electrical trade practices.
These individuals include electricians, electrical
contractors, electrical inspectors, electrical engineers
and designers and other qualified persons. The
Code is not written to serve as an instructive or
teaching manual for untrained individuals [90.1©].
This Pocket Guide is to be used with the NEC, not
as a replacement for the Code, so be sure to have a
copy of the 2008 National Electrical Code to ensure
compliance.
You’ll sometimes notice the titles of a few Articles
and Sections are different than they appear in the
Code. This was intentionally done to make this
Pocket Guide easier to understand, so keep this in
mind when comparing this Pocket Guide to the NEC.
Scope of This Pocket Guide
and Cautions:
This Pocket Guide is intended to explain the primary
requirements of the NEC as they relate to Wiring
Devices and Communications Systems. Also contained is limited discussion of Over-Current
Protection Devices, Raceways, Wires, Luminaires
and other requirements that relate to the 2008 NEC.
This Pocket Guide was developed to help electrical
professionals better understand the Code. Leviton
takes portions of the code pertaining to its products
and puts them in this smaller easy-to-digest version
as an aid for trade personnel. We trust you will find it
a helpful tool.
Note: Leviton Manufacturing Company assumes no
responsibility for interpretation or application of this
Pocket Guide’s contents.
3. Author’s Comments. These sections were
written by Mike Holt to help you better understand
the NEC material. They direct your attention to
items of interest. To help you find them, they
are identified by Author’s comments.
4. Leviton Comments. This is insight from a
manufacturer’s perspective. Leviton comments
are identified by red text.
5. Brown text identifies the appropriate Leviton
product satisfying this article’s intent.
6. Fine Print Note (FPN). A Fine Print Note contains
explanatory material intended to clarify a rule or
give assistance, but it isn’t a Code requirement.
210.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter
Protection for Personnel (GFCI)
■
GFCI-protection exceptions for 15A and 20A,125V
receptacles located in dwelling unit garages and
accessory buildings were deleted.
(A) Dwelling Units
(2) Garage and Accessory Buildings. GFCI protection is required for all 15A and 20A, 125V receptacles in garages, and in grade-level portions of
unfinished or finished accessory buildings used
for storage or work areas of a dwelling unit.
Exception No. 1: GFCI protection isn’t required for
receptacles that aren’t readily accessible, such as those
located in the ceiling for the garage door opener motor.
Exception No. 2: GFCI protection isn’t required for a
single receptacle on a dedicated branch circuit located and identified for a specific cord-and-plug connected appliance, such as a refrigerator or freezer. A
duplex receptacle without GFCI protection would be
permitted for two such appliances.
Cross-References, Author’s Comments,
Leviton Comments and Layout
■
Each subsection containing a change includes
a summary of the change, followed by a paraphrase of the NEC text affected by the change.
Any specific change is denoted by dark blue text.
1. Crossed-out text appeared in the 2005 NEC and
has been deleted from the 2008 NEC.
2. Cross-References. This Pocket Guide contains
several cross-references to other related NEC
Code requirements. These references help you
develop a better understanding of how the NEC
rules relate to one another. These cross-references
4
5
Analysis: Recent changes to the UL standard
include additional tests for noise immunity. The
current generation of GFCI devices should be
relatively immune from nuisance tripping.
UL appliance product standards require them to
be manufactured with insulation dielectric leakage levels that do not exceed 0.50 mA. This leakage current level is far below the 4 mA to 6 mA
operational threshold of Class A ground-fault
circuit interrupters manufactured to UL 943,
Standard for Ground-Fault Circuit Interrupters.
For areas where a GFCI is required and a
nightlight is convenient, Leviton Cat. No. 7591,
15 Amp, 125V SmartLockPro™ GFCI
Receptacle is recommended.
■
Nightlight feature provides
illumination with minimal
energy consumption
■
Foolproof installation: if
mis-wired, it will prevent
reset and provide
mis-wiring indication
■
Feed-thru protection for
downstream receptacles
Your Customers
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210.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter
Protection for Personnel (GFCI)
■
GFCI-protection exceptions for 15A and 20A,
125V receptacles located in unfinished dwelling
unit basements were deleted.
(A) Dwelling Units
(5) Unfinished Basement. GFCI protection is
required for all 15A and 20A, 125V receptacles
located in the unfinished portion of a basement not
intended as a habitable room and limited to storage
and work areas.
Author’s Comment: A receptacle outlet is
required in each unfinished portion of a
dwelling unit basement [210.52(G)].
Exception No. 1: GFCI protection isn’t required for
receptacles that aren’t readily accessible.
Exception No. 2: GFCI protection isn’t required for
a receptacle on a dedicated branch circuit located and identified
6
SmartLockPRO™
exclusively from Leviton
• Patented Lock-Out feature
• Dual Function LED
• Automatically tests GFCI
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• Back-wire ground for easy
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• Meets or exceeds
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• Best-selling GFCI in USA
were removed from this section to help clarify
where GFCI protection is required because some
believed that a kitchen, as defined in the 2005
NEC, was not “commercial” if it wasn’t used for
commerce. This change eliminated that argument,
by simply referring to, “other than dwelling units.”
In addition, the definition of the term “kitchen” was
removed from this section as it is now defined in
Article 100.
This change clarifies that break rooms or other
areas do fall under the requirements of this
section for ground-fault protection if the area
includes a sink and permanent facilities for food
preparation and cooking. However, if the area has
a microwave oven that is portable rather than
fixed, the area will not be defined as a kitchen.
Analysis: The substantiation for removing the
exceptions stated that the existing exceptions are no
longer necessary. The current generation of GFCI’s
should be relatively immune from nuisance tripping.
Leviton manufactures GFCI’s in many configurations, such as: Cat. No. 7899, 20 Amp, 125V
SmartLockPro™ GFCI Receptacle.
210.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter
Protection for Personnel (GFCI)
■
GFCI-protection requirements for 15A and 20A,
125V receptacles located in non-dwelling unit
kitchens were clarified.
(B) Other Than Dwelling Units
(2) Commercial and Institutional Kitchens. All 15A
and 20A, 125V receptacles installed in an area
with a sink and permanent facilities for food
preparation and cooking [Article 100], even those
that do not supply the countertop surface, shall be
GFCI-protected.
■
Improved immunity to noise
that causes nuisance tripping
■
Increased surge immunity
■
Buttons match face color (red
and black buttons also available)
210.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter
Protection for Personnel (GFCI)
■
Outdoor GFCI-protection requirements for 15A
and 20A, 125V receptacles at non-dwelling unit
occupancies were revised.
(B) Other Than Dwelling Units
(4) Outdoors in public spaces. All 15A and 20A, 125V
receptacles installed outdoors in public spaces for the
purpose of this section a public space is defined as
any space that is for use by, or is accessible to the
public shall be GFCI-protected.
Author’s Comment: GFCI protection is not
required for receptacles rated other than 15A
and 20A, 125V in these locations.
Analysis: The words “commercial and institutional”
8
9
Analysis: The 2005 NEC only required 15A and
20A, 125V receptacles outdoors in public spaces
to have GFCI protection. “For the purpose of this
section, a public space is defined as any space
that is for use by, or is accessible to, the public.”
This change now requires GFCI protection for
these types of receptacles installed at all outdoor
locations, except as provided by the exceptions
for snow-melting and de-icing equipment and
industrial establishments.
The AHJ will need to interpret and apply this rule
since no explanation is provided as to what
constitutes a “greater hazard.”
Exception No. 2 leaves the requirement for GFCI
protection of receptacles installed in bathroom
areas of health care facilities in-place [210.8(B)(1)],
but excludes the GFCI-protection requirement if
located near the sinks in patient care areas of
health care facilities.
Leviton manufactures GFCI’s in many configurations: Cat. No. 7599-HGI, 15A 125V Hospital
Grade SmartLockPro™ GFCI Receptacle.
210.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter
Protection for Personnel (GFCI)
■
A new subsection expands GFCI-protection
requirements for 15A and 20A, 125V receptacles
near sinks in non-dwelling unit occupancies.
(B) Other Than Dwelling Units
(5) Sinks. All 15A and 20A, 125V receptacles
installed within 6 ft. of the outside edge of the
sink shall be GFCI-protected.
Exception No. 1: In industrial laboratories, receptacles used to supply equipment where removal of
power would introduce a greater hazard can be
installed without GFCI protection.
Exception No. 2: For receptacles located in patient
care areas of health care facilities, other than those
covered under 210.8(B)(1), GFCI protection shall not
be required.
Author’s Comment: Sections 517.20 and 517.21
further modify the requirements for GFCI protection in health care facilities [90.3].
Analysis: This new subsection is intended to
require GFCI protection near sinks for nondwelling units.
Exception No. 1 was added for industrial
laboratories where the tripping of a GFCI will
introduce a greater hazard.
10
■
Green dot indicates highest
quality components for
hospital and lab environments
■
Silver alloy contacts
■
Meets or exceeds
UL 2006 requirements.
210.8 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter
Protection for Personnel (GFCI)
■
GFCI-protection requirements for dwelling unit
boat hoists have been expanded.
(C) Boat Hoists. GFCI protection is required for all
120V or 240V outlets that supply dwelling unit
boat hoists.
Author’s Comments:
■
See the definition of “Outlet” in Article 100.
■
GFCI protection is required regardless of
whether the boat hoist equipment is cord-andplug-connected or hard wired.
Analysis: The submitter of this change indicated
that the Consumer Product Safety Commission’s
11
“In-depth Investigation” database describes four
incidents resulting in five electrocution deaths from
1994 to 2003 from contacts with boat hoists. In the
2005 NEC, this section was limited to boat hoists
supplied by 15A and 20A, 125V branch circuits.
This revised section expanded the requirements
to include dwelling unit boat hoists supplied by
either a 120V or 240V circuit.
210.12 Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter
Protection (AFCI)
The 2008 NEC requirement does not require
AFCI protection in rooms or areas where GFCI
protection of receptacle outlets is required.
Though not required by the Code, both AFCI and
GFCI protection can be provided for the same
branch circuits or receptacle outlets, as the
different protection technologies are compatible.
210.12 Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter
Protection (AFCI)
■
■
AFCI-protection requirements for 15A and 20A,
120V dwelling unit circuits were expanded again.
(B) Dwelling Units. All 15A or 20A, 120V branch
circuits that supply outlets in dwelling unit family
rooms, dining rooms, living rooms, parlors, libraries,
dens, bedrooms, sunrooms, recreation rooms,
closets, hallways or similar areas shall be protected
by a listed AFCI device of the combination type.
A new Fine Print Note clarified dwelling unit
AFCI-protection requirements of fire alarm circuits,
and the rules for locating the AFCI device were
rewritten to relax the restrictions.
Fine Print Note: See [760.41 and 760.121] for
power-supply requirements for fire alarm systems.
Author’s Comment: Smoke alarms connected to a
15A or 20A circuit must be AFCI-protected if the
smoke alarm is located in the bedroom of a
dwelling unit. The exemption from AFCI protection
for the “fire alarm circuit” contained in 760.41 and
760.121 doesn’t apply to the single and multiple
station smoke alarm circuit typically installed in
dwelling unit bedroom areas. This is because a
smoke alarm circuit isn’t a fire alarm circuit as
defined in NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm Code.
Unlike single and multiple station smoke alarms, fire
alarm systems are managed by a fire alarm control
panel, which qualifies it as a fire alarm system.
Exception No. 1: The AFCI-protection device can be
located at the first outlet if the circuit conductors are
installed in RMC, IMC, EMT or steel armored Type
AC cable, and the AFCI device is contained in a
metal outlet or junction box.
Author’s Comment: The 120V circuit limitation
means AFCI protection isn’t required for equipment rated 230V, such as baseboard heaters or
room air conditioners. For more information, visit
www.MikeHolt.com, click on the “Search” link,
and search for “AFCI.”
Analysis: Supporters asserted that AFCI’s have
had an excellent track record in the field, and that
both wiring errors and wiring damage have been
found through the installation of AFCI’s, reducing
potential sources of electrical fires.
Opponents asserted that combination AFCI’s have
no track record at all and that this change will
result in high costs to consumers, estimated by at
least one source to exceed $2.1 billion dollars
annually. Opponents do not believe there was
sufficient documentation to support the expansion
of AFCI requirements in the 2008 NEC.
12
Author’s Comment: Type MC cable without a bare
aluminum grounding/bonding conductor does not
fall within the scope of this exception because MC
cable is thinner than that of Type AC cable.
Exception No. 2: AFCI protection can be omitted for
branch-circuit wiring to a fire alarm system in accordance with 760.41(B) and 760.121(B), if the circuit
conductors are installed in RMC, IMC, EMT, or steel
armored Type AC cable.
Analysis: Exception No. 1 in the 2005 NEC
required that the circuit conductors to the AFCI
device be no longer than 6 ft. in order to use an
AFCI device not located in the panelboard.
Because of this stringent requirement, no manufacturer produced a stand-alone AFCI device.
Manufacturers indicated that they would make the
product available in a receptacle form if there was
13
enough demand; however, they believed that the
exception in the 2005 NEC was written in a way
that stifled demand. The 2008 exception allows the
AFCI device to be located any distance from the
panelboard, so long as the specified wiring methods
are used to protect against physical damage.
Leviton manufactures receptacles in many
colors and styles including Decora® Tamper
Resistant Receptacles Cat. Nos. T5325 &
TDR15-I, 15A 125V
T5325 Features:
Leviton Comment:
Although the NFPA has relaxed their requirements
for AFCI receptacles, the requirement for using
Type RMC, IMC, EMT and steel armored Type AC
Cable, still makes them unrealistic. Contractor
focus groups indicate these cable types are more
difficult to use and more expensive. As a result
contractors prefer a breaker-based device.
Side wire and
Quickwire™ terminals
■
Heavy-guage zinc-plated
steel mounting strap
■
Heavy duty doublewipe brass contacts
TDR15-I
210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets
210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets
■
■
(C) Countertop Receptacle—Dwelling Unit. In kitchens,
pantries, breakfast rooms, dining rooms, and similar
areas of dwelling units, receptacle outlets for countertop spaces shall be installed according to text below.
A wall switch-controlled receptacle for dwelling
unit illumination no longer meets the required
receptacle outlet requirements. Receptacles rated
15A and 20A, 125V required by this section are in
addition to any receptacle that is:
(1) Part of a luminaire or appliance,
(2) Controlled by a wall switch to meet the illumination requirements of [210.70(A)(1) Ex 1],
(3) Located within cabinets or cupboards, or
(4) Located more than 5-1/2 ft. above the floor.
Analysis: Receptacle outlets in a dwelling unit
need to be installed “so that no point measured
horizontally along the floor line in any wall space
is more than 6 ft. from a receptacle outlet.”
Switching one receptacle of a duplex receptacle
can meet the lighting requirements of
[210.70(A)(1)] and the receptacle placement
requirements of 210.52(A)(1).
14
■
This section for countertop receptacles in dwelling
units was revised for islands and peninsulas.
Where a range, counter-mounted cooking unit, or sink is
installed in an island or peninsular countertop and the
width of the counter behind the range, counter-mounted
cooking unit, or sink is less than 12 in., the countertop
space is considered two separate countertop spaces.
Author’s Comment: GFCI protection is required
for all 15A and 20A, 125V receptacles that supply
kitchen countertop surfaces [210.8(A)(6)].
(1) Wall Countertop Space. A receptacle outlet
shall be installed for each kitchen and dining area
countertop wall space 1 ft. or wider, and receptacles
shall be placed so no point along the countertop
wall space is more than 2 ft., measured
horizontally from a receptacle outlet.
15
The required receptacle should be GFCI
protected. Leviton’s combination switch/
SmartLockPro™ Cat. No. 7299, 15 Amp, 125V
GFCI receptacle is very popular for bathrooms.
Analysis: The revised text is intended to clarify
the inclusion of counter-mounted cooking units
and sinks when determining the receptacle
requirements for both peninsulas and islands.
210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets
■
The bathroom receptacle exception for dwelling
units was changed into positive Code language.
(D) Bathrooms—Dwelling Unit. In dwelling units, not
less than one 15A or 20A, 125V receptacle outlet
shall be installed within an arc measurement of 3 ft.
from the outside edge of each bathroom basin.
Author’s Comments:
• One receptacle outlet can be located between
two basins to meet the requirement, but only if
the receptacle outlet is located within 3 ft. of the
outside edge of each basin.
• These receptacles must be GFCI-protected
[210.8(A)(1)].
The receptacle outlet shall be located on a wall or
partition adjacent to the basin counter surface, or on
the side or face of the basin cabinet not more than
12 in. below the countertop.
Analysis: The exception, as previously written, is
really not an exception to anything. It’s a part of
[210.52(D)]. Therefore, it should be written as
[210.52(D)].
■
Dual function indicator light
assists wiring and
provides power indication.
■
Switch rating: 15A,1800W
■
Leviton patented lockout
prevents resetting of GFCI if
mis-wired (line-load reversal)
or no longer offering protection.
210.52 Dwelling Unit Receptacle Outlets
■
A receptacle outlet is now required at practically
all dwelling unit balconies, decks, and porches.
(E) Outdoor Receptacle—Dwelling Units.
(1) One- and Two-Family Dwellings. Two GFCI-protected 15A or 20A, 125V receptacle outlets accessible while standing at grade level shall be installed
outdoors for each dwelling unit, one at the front and
one at the back, no more than 6-1/2 ft. above grade.
Author’s Comment: It may be desirable to install
the required exterior receptacle outlets within 25 ft.
of heating, air-conditioning, or refrigeration equipment, so [210.63] can be satisfied without
installing an additional receptacle outlet.
(2) Multifamily Dwelling. Each dwelling unit of a multifamily dwelling that has an individual entrance at
grade level shall have at least one GFCI-protected 15A
or 20A, 125V receptacle outlet accessible from grade
level located not more than 6-1/2 ft. above grade.
16
17
Two Pieces,
Two Steps,
It’s Locked & Latched
(3) Balconies, Decks, and Porches. At least one 15A
or 20A, 125V receptacle shall be installed within the
perimeter and not more than 6-1/2 ft. above the
balcony, deck, or porch surface that is accessible
from the inside of a dwelling unit.
™
Exception: Balconies, decks or porches with a
usable area of less than 20 sq. ft. are not required to
have a receptacle installed.
Analysis: The new item (3) requires a 15A or
20A, 125V receptacle within the perimeter of
every deck, or porch surface that is accessible
from the inside of the dwelling for all balconies,
decks, and porches. This requirement applies to
all balconies, decks, or porches over 20 sq. ft.,
including those on the first floor.
210.60 Guest Rooms, Guest Suites,
Dormitories and Similar Occupancies
■
Dormitories must have convenience receptacle
outlets installed in accordance with guest room
and guest suite requirements.
(A) General Requirements. Guest rooms or guest
18
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suites in hotels, motels, sleeping rooms in dormitories,
and similar occupancies shall have receptacle outlets
installed in accordance with [210.52 (A)] and [210.52(D)].
Guest rooms or guest suites provided with permanent
provisions for cooking shall have receptacle outlets
installed in accordance with all of the applicable rules
in [210.52].
Analysis: Receptacle outlets for dormitories are
now required to comply with the same requirements as those for hotel and motel guest rooms.
210.62 Show Windows
■
This section was revised to provide specific
guide lines on the placement of show-window
receptacle outlets.
Analysis: This change is an effort to provide users
with ready sizing information for the equipment
bonding jumpers addressed in this section at outlet
and junction boxes. There are many inspected
installations where the equipment bonding jumper
that was installed was smaller than the requirements of Table 250.122; for example, 14 AWG was
used for a 20A circuit.
At least one receptacle outlet shall be installed
within 18 in. of the top of a show window for each
12 linear ft. or major fraction thereof measured
horizontally at its maximum width.
Analysis: A specific location for receptacle outlets
above a show window was added to this section.
The 2005 Code did not address the height above
the window. It only required that it be above the
show window. With high ceiling areas, this could
lead to impractical and inconvenient locations.
These locations could require extension cords or
other “fixes” that decrease safety.
For “Show” applications, only the finest
receptacles will do! Leviton offers the Acenti®
collection of designer devices. Among them is
Cat. No. AC315, 15A, 125V triplex receptacle.
■
Accommodates 3 plugs. Great
for computer and entertainment
areas where multiple appliances are needed
■
Full-line of matching designer
devices to beautify any home
or upscale environment
■
Available in many colors
■
Industry’s only triplex receptacle
250.146 Connecting Receptacle
Grounding Terminal to Box
■
A new sentence adds bonding requirements for
receptacles attached to exposed work covers.
(A) Surface-Mounted Box.
An equipment bonding jumper is not required for
receptacles attached to listed exposed work covers
when the receptacle is attached to the cover with two
permanent fasteners (rivets), or has a threaded or
screw locking means; and the cover mounting holes
are located on a flat non-raised portion of the cover.
250.146 Connecting Receptacle
Grounding Terminal to Box
■
A revision to this section identifies how to size
receptacle equipment bonding jumpers.
An equipment bonding jumper sized in accordance
with 250.122, based on the rating of the circuit overcurrent device, shall connect the grounding terminal
of a receptacle to the metal box.
20
Analysis: This rule was added because exposed work
covers with two fasteners attaching the receptacle to
the cover are listed as a suitable bonding means.
21
250.146 Connecting Receptacle
Grounding Terminal to Box
■
A change clarifies when isolated ground receptacles
must have an insulated equipment grounding conductor.
(D) Isolated Ground Receptacles. Where installed for
the reduction of electrical noise, the grounding terminal
of an isolated ground receptacle shall be connected to
an insulated equipment grounding conductor run with
the circuit conductors.
The equipment grounding conductor is permitted to
pass through panelboards [408.40 Ex], boxes, wireways, or other enclosures [250.148 Ex] without a
connection to the enclosure as long as it terminates
at an equipment grounding conductor terminal of the
applicable derived system or service.
CAUTION:
Non-metallic Boxes: Because the grounding terminal
of an isolated-ground receptacle is insulated from the
metal mounting yoke, a metal faceplate cannot be
used when an isolated-ground receptacle is installed
in a non-metallic box. The reason is that the metal
faceplate cannot be connected to an equipment
grounding conductor [406.2(D)(2)].
22
Type AC Cable: Type AC cable, containing an
insulated equipment grounding conductor of the wire
type, can be used to supply receptacles having
insulated grounding terminals because the metal
armor of the cable is listed as an equipment
grounding conductor [250.118(8)].
Type MC Cable: The metal armor sheath of interlocked Type MC cable without an internal grounding/bonding strip containing an insulated equipment
grounding conductor isn’t listed as an equipment
grounding conductor [250.118(10)]. Therefore, this
wiring method with a single equipment grounding
conductor can’t supply an isolated-ground receptacle
installed in a metal box (because the box is not connected to an equipment grounding conductor).
However, Type MC cable with two insulated equipment
grounding conductors will be acceptable, since one
equipment grounding conductor connects to the metal
box and the other to the isolated ground receptacle.
The armor assembly of interlocked Type MCAP
cable with a 10 AWG bare aluminum
grounding/bonding conductor running just below the
metal armor is listed to serve as an equipment
grounding conductor in accordance with
[250.118(10)(a)]. This cable is permitted to supply
isolated-grounding receptacles if it contains an insulated equipment grounding conductor.
Fine Print Note: Metal raceways and metal enclosures containing an insulated equipment grounding
conductor shall be connected to the circuit equipment grounding conductor [250.86].
Analysis: Changing the phrase, “Where required”
to, “Where installed”, clarified that the NEC does
not require isolated ground circuits. Where they
are installed, it’s because of a designer’s inclination, not a Code or manufacturer’s requirement.
In addition, editorial revisions were made, relative
to the use of the words “grounding,” “bonding,”
and “connecting.”
Leviton manufactures the finest quality
isolated-ground receptacles. The most popular
is Cat. No. 8200-IG, Hospital Grade 15A 125V
duplex receptacle.
■
Available in single
& duplex configurations
■
Many colors available, including
orange (the color often associated with isolated ground)
■
Available with wire leads
■
Matching wallplates also
available engraved with
“ISOLATED GROUND” for
quick identification
23
280 Surge Arrestors
■
A change relocates requirements for low voltage surge
arrestors (1kV or less) from Article 280 to Article 285.
Article 280 now addresses surge arrestors over 1kV.
Power...
285 Surge Protective Devices
■
A change in terminology and clarification of
installation practices.
Leviton Comment:
Article 285’s title was updated to be consistent with
UL and IEEE. The term Transient Voltage Surge
Suppression is being replaced by Surge Protective
Devices (SPD’s). The requirements for SPD’s were
changed and they are now identified by Type 1, 2, 3,
or 4 depending upon where the SPD will be incorporated within the power distribution system. The term
Surge Arrestor or Secondary Surge Arrestor will not
be used (for low voltage devices 1kV and less) and
the device will be referred to as a Type 1 device due
to its location within the power distribution system.
This is typically on the supply side of the service
disconnect overcurrent device.
Type 2 devices are typically service entrance panels or
branch circuit panels that are connected on the load
side of the service disconnect overcurrent device.
Type 3 SPD’s are typically surge receptacles or cord
connected point-of-use devices that are permitted to
be installed anywhere on the load side of branch
circuit overcurrent protection up to the equipment
served, provided the connection is a minimum 10m
(30 ft.) of conductor distance from the service panel
or separately derived system.
...Leviton
makes it easy
Type 4 devices are UL Recognized Components.
Leviton offers a variety of low voltage secondary surge arrestors (Type 1 devices) including
the 50240-MSA Meter socket Adapter and the
55650-ASA 277/480 VAC.
The Leviton Power Solutions line provides clean
reliable high-quality electric power for commercial,
industrial and residential environments.
Leviton also offers the broadest range of
Article 285 Surge Protective Devices (SPD’s)
on the market:
■
Type 3 duplex surge receptacles (Cat. No. 7280-I).
■
Type 2 branch circuit surge protection
(Cat. No. 42120-DY3).
■
Type 4 industrial automation surge protection
(Cat. No. 51020-WM).
A variety of Type 2
service entrance panel
protection including
(Cat. No. 57120-M3).
■
24
• Uninterruptible Power Supplies
Rack-mounted, Tower & Strip Standby, Line Interactive
and Online Simulated or True Sine Wave form
• Power Distribution Units (PDU’s)
Basic, Metered & Switched Rack-mounted
Horizontal & Vertical; 120V or 208V; 3-phase
• Surge Protective Devices (SPD’s)
Surge Protection Panels, Surge Protection
Receptacles & Strips, Industrial Surge Devices
For more info call 1-800-922-6229 or visit Leviton.com
©
2008 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc ISO 9001:2000 registered quality manufacturer
404.4 Damp or Wet Locations
■
The rule on the installation of switches and circuit
breakers was expanded to include damp locations
as well as flush-mounted installations.
Surface-mounted switches and circuit breakers in a
damp or wet location shall be installed in weatherproof enclosures. The enclosure shall be installed
with not less than 1⁄4 in. airspace between the enclosure and the wall or other supporting surface [312.2].
Author’s Comment: Switches must be located
not less than 5 ft. from pools [680.22(D)], outdoor
spas and hot tubs [680.40], and indoor spas or
hot tubs [680.43(C)].
Analysis: This section was revised to clarify that a
weatherproof enclosure is required for both wet and
damp locations, as defined in Article 100. In addition,
flush-mounted enclosures for switches and circuit
breakers installed in damp as well as wet locations
must be equipped with a weatherproof cover.
Leviton manufactures weatherproof switch
enclosures in many configurations, among
them: Cat. No. 4979-GY
A flush-mounted switch or circuit breaker in a damp
or wet location shall be equipped with a weatherproof cover.
■
Self-closing lid
■
Durable thermoplastic
construction (also available
in die-cast zinc)
■
Other covers also available
for receptacles and dual
switch configurations
404.9 Provisions for General-Use
Snap Switches
Switches are permitted next to, but not within, a
bathtub, hydromassage, or shower space.
■
The term “Grounded” was replaced with a phrase
that improves the application of the NEC.
(A) Mounting. Faceplates for switches shall be
installed so they completely cover the outlet box
opening. Where flush-mounted, the faceplate shall
seat against the wall surface.
(B) Grounding. The metal mounting yokes for switches, dimmers, and similar control switches, shall be
26
27
connected to an equipment grounding conductor of a
type specified in [250.118], whether or not a metal
faceplate is installed. The metal mounting yoke is
made part of the effective ground-fault current path
by one of the following means:
(1) Mounting Screws. The switch is mounted with
metal screws to a metal box or a metal cover
connected to an equipment grounding conductor of
a type specified in [250.118.]
Analysis: The terminology relating to grounding
and bonding was revised, based upon the revised
[Article 100 definitions].
406.4 Receptacle Mounting
■
A new subsection specifies when barriers are
required between receptacles and other devices.
(G) Voltage Between Devices. Receptacles shall not
be in enclosures with other switches or receptacles
if the voltage between the devices exceeds 300V,
unless the devices are installed in enclosures
equipped with barriers identified for the purpose,
that are securely installed between adjacent devices.
Author’s Comment: Direct metal-to-metal contact between the device yoke of a switch and the
box is not required.
(2) Equipment Bonding Conductor. An equipment
grounding conductor, or equipment bonding jumper
is connected to the grounding terminal of the metal
mounting yoke.
Exception: The metal mounting yoke of a replacement switch isn’t required to be connected to an
equipment grounding conductor of a type specified
in [250.118] if the wiring to the existing switch does
not contain an equipment grounding conductor and
the switch faceplate is nonmetallic, or the replacement switch is GFCI-protected.
Analysis: This new requirement was incorporated
to add consistency to barrier requirements as
contained in [404.8(B)] for switches. This rule
prohibits a 125V rated receptacle in the same box
with a 277V switch, unless identified barriers are
securely installed in the box, separating the two
pieces of equipment.
406.8 Receptacles in Damp or Wet
Locations
■
Receptacles installed in damp locations are now
required to be weather resistant.
(A) Damp Locations. Receptacles installed in a
damp location shall be installed in an enclosure that
is weatherproof when an attachment plug cap is not
inserted and receptacle covers are closed, or in an
enclosure that is weatherproof when an attachment
plug is inserted. All non-locking 15A and 20A, 125V
and 250V receptacles in a damp location shall be
listed as weather resistant.
28
29
Exception: Receptacles subject to routine high-pressure washing spray may have an enclosure that is
weatherproof when the attachment plug is removed.
Author’s Comment: Damp locations include
those protected from weather and not subject to
saturation with water or other liquids as well as
locations partially protected under canopies,
marquees, roofed open porches, and interior
locations subject to moderate degrees of
moisture, such as some basements, barns,
and cold-storage warehouses [Article 100].
Analysis: This change was made in response to
concerns that receptacles located outdoors are
not always protected from detrimental conditions
such as low temperatures, UV exposure, physical
damage, etc., and that weatherproof covers and
enclosures do not always provide sufficient
protection from the elements.
Leviton manufactures receptacles listed as
weather resistant and tamper-resistant for
outdoor use. Cat. No. TWR15,
15 Amp 125V and TWR20,
20 Amp 125V applications.
■
Corrosion resistant contacts
■
UV resistant face
■
Back and side wire for
easier installation
406.8 Receptacles in Damp
or Wet Locations
■
Receptacles installed in wet locations are now
required to be weather resistant.
(B) Receptacles in Wet Locations.
(1) 15A and 20A Receptacles. All 15A and 20A receptacles installed in a wet location shall be within an
enclosure that is weatherproof when an attachment
plug is inserted and all non-locking 15A and 20A, 125V
and 250V receptacles in a wet location shall be listed
as weather resistant.
30
Author’s Comments:
• Wet locations are those subject to saturation
with water, and unprotected locations exposed
to weather [Article 100].
• A weather resistant receptacle’s exposed plastic
surfaces must have UV resistance to minimize
deterioration from sunlight. In testing, receptacles
are subjected to temperature cycling from very
cold to very warm conditions and then additional
dielectric testing.The rapid transition from the
cold to warm temperature will change the relative
humidity and moisture content on the device and
the dielectric test ensures that this will not present
a breakdown of the insulation properties.
Analysis: The change to this subsection was
made in response to concerns that receptacles
located outdoors are not always protected from
detrimental conditions such as low temperatures,
exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UV), physical
damage, etc., and that weatherproof covers and
enclosures do not always provide sufficient
protection from the elements.
The new exception allows receptacle covers in
high-pressure spray washing areas to be of the
type that is weatherproof when the attachment
plug is removed.
When a weatherproof while-in-use cover is used
with high-pressure spray cleaning, liquid can spray
into the enclosure through the cable openings.
This change allows the use of a snap cover that
does not have a cable opening in it while closed.
31
406.11 Tamper-Resistant Receptacles
in Dwelling Units
■
Requirements for tamper-resistant receptacles
were added to the 2008 NEC.
In dwelling units [210.52], all 15A and 20A, 125V
receptacles shall be listed as tamper resistant.
Author’s Comment: This rule applies to receptacles installed behind appliances, above countertops,
and other locations out of the reach of children.
Analysis: This new section requires the use of
listed tamper-resistant receptacles for all 15A and
20A, 125V receptacles installed in dwelling units.
Leviton offers a full line of tamper-resistant
receptacles: Decora® Duplex, SmartLockPro®
GFCI and Hospital Grade configurations.
Standard Tamper Resistant Receptacle
Cat No. T5320, 15A 125V Receptacle.
■
Shutters prevent intrusion unless device
senses two prongs
entering at same time.
■
Devices look like traditional devices and
blend with room décor.
■
Available in many
popular colors.
T5320-W
410.16 Clothes Closets
■
New requirements address the permission of LED
luminaires in clothes closets:
(A) Luminaire Types Permitted in Clothes Closets.
The following types of luminaires can be installed
in a clothes closet:
(1) A surface or recessed incandescent luminaire
with enclosed lamp.
(2) A surface or recessed fluorescent luminaire.
(3) A surface-mounted or recessed LED luminaire
with a completely enclosed light source.
Analysis: This section was moved from [410.8(A)]
and revised to include LED luminaires, which
have an ignition capability that is less than that of
incandescent luminaires.
32
Plug
Into
Safety
With Leviton’s
Tamper-Resistant (TR)
Receptacles
410.16 Clothes Closets
■
New text was added to address the installation
requirements for LED luminaires in clothes closets.
(C)Installation of Luminaires in Clothes Closets.
Luminaires shall maintain a minimum clearance
between luminaires and the storage space
as follows:
Your Bottom Line
Will Love Our Green Line
(1) 12 in. for surface-mounted incandescent or LED
luminaires within an enclosed light source.
(2) 6 in. for surface-mounted fluorescent
luminaires installed.
(3) 6 in. for recessed incandescent or LED
luminaires within an enclosed light source.
(4) 6 in. for recessed fluorescent luminaires.
(5) Surface-mounted fluorescent or LED luminaires
are permitted within the storage space identified
for this use.
Analysis: This section was moved from [410.8(D)]
and revised to include LED luminaires as well as to
edit the wording in a manner that expresses the
intent in a more concise, easier-to-understand style.
Leviton manufactures an energy-efficient
closet light that complies with the above Code
requirement: Cat No. 9860.
■
Ideal for closets, garages,
basements and attics
■
Saves 65% more
energy than incandescent bulbs and enjoys
10,000 hour bulb life
■
Meets California Title24 Requirements
■
Bulb Included
410.130 General
■
This section was rewritten and broken into subsections for clarity.
energy-efficient lighting
devices dramatically increasing, it’s clear that
(G) Disconnecting Means.
America is going green. Give your customers the
(1) General. In indoor locations, other than dwellings
and associated accessory structures, fluorescent
luminaires that utilize double-ended lamps (typical
fluorescent lamps) and contain ballasts that can be
serviced in-place shall have a disconnecting means.
energy-wise products they’re looking for with
Author’s Comment: Changing the ballast while
the circuit feeding the luminaire is energized has
become a regular practice when a local disconnect
isn’t available. Also, ballasts are often serviced
from a ladder, increasing the possibility of injury
from a fall as a result of electrical shock.
34
With sales of
dimmers, timers, motion sensors and night-lights
from Leviton’s Energy Smart Living collection.
When you think green,
think Leviton.
The Energy Smart Living logo is your assurance of an environmentally friendly product.
Exception No. 2: A disconnecting means isn’t
required for the emergency illumination required
in [700.16].
Exception No. 3: For cord-and-plug-connected
luminaires, an accessible separate connector, or an
accessible plug and receptacle, are permitted to
serve as the disconnecting means.
Exception No. 4: A disconnecting means isn’t
required in industrial establishments with restricted
public access when written procedures and conditions of maintenance and supervision ensure only
qualified persons service the installation.
(2) Multi-wire Branch Circuits. When connected to
multi-wire branch circuits, the fluorescent luminaire
disconnect shall simultaneously break all circuit conductors of the ballast, including the neutral conductor.
Author’s Comment: This rule requires the
disconnecting means to open “all circuit conductors,” including the neutral conductor of a multi-wire
branch circuit. If the neutral conductor in a multiwire circuit is not disconnected at the same time as
the ungrounded conductors, a false sense of security can result in an unexpected shock from the
neutral conductor.
Keep Them
Safe!
Reduce vandalism and
unauthorized equipment use
in dorms, gyms, psychiatric
facilities, and pediatric areas.
(3) Location. The fluorescent luminaire disconnecting
means shall be accessible to qualified persons.
Where the disconnecting means is external to the
luminaire, it shall be a single device and located in
sight of the luminaire.
Analysis: Many changes were made to this section
to clarify the requirements. The requirement for
simultaneous disconnection of the ungrounded and
grounded conductors now applies only to ballasts
supplied by a multi-wire branch circuit.
Furthermore, clarification was made to address the
location of the disconnecting means. The disconnecting means must be on the luminaire itself, or
within sight from the luminaire.
The types of luminaires to which the rule applies
were changed. Only ballasted luminaires with double
ended lamps are required to comply with this rule.
Lastly, the effective date of January 1, 2008
was removed.
422.52 Electric Drinking Fountains
■
GFCI protection requirement for electric drinking
fountains was added.
Electric drinking fountains shall be connected to a
GFCI-protected outlet.
36
• Locking Switches
• Padlockable Enclosures and Wallplates
• Tamper Resistant Receptacles
locked in the open (off) position. The provision for
locking or adding a lock to the disconnecting means
shall be on the switch or circuit breaker and remain in
place with or without the lock installed [424.19(A)(2)].
Analysis: This new requirement was added without
documentation of an electrical accident or incident.
Leviton manufactures GFCI’s in many
configurations: Cat. No. 7599, 15 Amp 125V,
SmartLockPro™ GFCI Receptacle.
■
Dual-function indicator light
assists wiring and
provides power indication
■
Feed-thru protection for
receptacles downstream
■
Leviton patented lockout
prevents resetting of
GFCI if mis-wired (lineload reversal) or if no longer
offering protection.
Analysis: A new sentence was added to the end
of this section providing details on the type of lock
acceptable for the required disconnect. This
requirement is for the safety of the equipment
installer/maintainer. Permanent provisions for
making circuit breakers and switches capable of
being locked in the open (off) position are readily
available from circuit breaker and switch manufacturers. A portable locking means does not meet
the “locked in the open (off) position” requirement.
Leviton manufactures industrial-grade disconnect switches to satisfy this and other Code
articles: Cat. No. DS60-FAX, 60 Amp 600V Fused
PowerSwitch® by Leviton disconnect switch.
424.19 Disconnecting Means
■
A new requirement addresses the disconnecting
means sizing for fixed electric space-heating equipment.
Means shall be provided to simultaneously disconnect
the heater, motor controller, and supplementary
over-current devices of all fixed electric space-heating
equipment from all ungrounded conductors. The disconnecting means shall have an ampere rating not
less than 125 percent of the total load of the motors
and the heaters.
Integrated lockout handle
accommodates a
standard padlock
and meets OSHA
safety regulations
■
Available in 30 Amp
and 60Amp fused
and non-fused as well
as 100 Amp non-fused
■
Engineered to IP67
Watertight Standards
Analysis: A sentence was added requiring the disconnecting means for fixed electric space-heating
equipment to be sized at 125 percent of the total
load of the motors and the heaters.
430.102 Disconnect Requirement
424.19 Disconnecting Means
■
■
The “locked in the open position” requirement for
electric space-heating equipment was clarified.
The disconnecting means shall be capable of being
38
■
Changes clarify the requirements when using a
single disconnecting means for both the motor
controller and the motor.
(B) Motor Disconnect. A motor disconnect shall be
provided in accordance with (B)(1) or (B)(2).
39
Fine Print Note: For information on
lockout/tagout procedures, see NFPA 70E,
Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace.
(1) Separate Motor Disconnect. A disconnecting
means is required for each motor and it shall be
located in sight from the motor location and the
driven machinery location.
Analysis: This section’s revision clarifies requirements for use of a controller disconnecting means
also serving as the motor disconnecting means
when a disconnect lock attachment is permanently
installed on or at the switch or circuit breaker.
Electricians have resorted to unsafe practices
because a proper locking accessory was not
immediately available at the time the disconnect
was to be locked out.
(2) Controller Disconnect. The controller disconnecting
means [430.102(A)] can serve as the disconnecting
means for the motor if the disconnect is located in
sight from the motor location and the driven
machinery location.
430.103 Operation of Disconnect
■
The requirement for motor disconnecting means
was revised to ensure worker safety.
The disconnecting means for the motor controller
and the motor shall open all ungrounded supply
conductors simultaneously and it shall be designed
so that it will not close automatically.
Exception to (1) and (2): A motor disconnecting
means isn’t required under either condition (a) or (b),
if the controller disconnecting means [430.102(A)] is
capable of being locked in the open (off) position.
The provision for locking or adding a lock to the
disconnecting means shall be installed on or at the
switch or circuit breaker and remain in place with or
without the lock installed.
(a) When locating the disconnecting means is
impracticable or introduces additional or increased
hazards to persons or property.
(b) In industrial installations, with written safety
procedures, where conditions of maintenance and
supervision ensure only qualified persons will
service the equipment.
Analysis: A time-clock switch with an external leveroperated switch mechanism will meet the criteria as a
motor and controller disconnecting means according to
[430.102.] However, since the clock motor continues to
run, it can automatically return to the “on” position after
manually being switched “off.” The purpose of this
change was to ensure that automatic reclosure of the
disconnecting means is not permitted.
440.14 Location
■
Logical placement of the air-conditioning and
refrigeration equipment disconnecting means is
required and “locked in the open position” requirements for industrial process are clarified.
The disconnecting means for air-conditioning or
refrigeration equipment shall be located within sight
of and readily accessible from the equipment.
40
41
Author’s Comment: “Within Sight” is visible and
not more than 50 ft. from each other [Article 100].
The disconnecting means can be mounted on or
within the air-conditioning equipment, but it shall
not be located on panels designed to allow
access to the equipment or equipment nameplate.
42
Exception No. 1: For industrial process facilities, a disconnecting means isn’t required to be within sight from
the equipment, if the disconnecting means is capable of
being individually locked in the open (off) position, and if
the equipment is essential to an industrial process in a
facility that has written safety procedures, and where the
conditions of maintenance and supervision ensure only
qualified persons service the equipment.
The provision for locking or adding a lock to the disconnecting means shall be on the switch or circuit breaker
and remain in place with or without the lock installed.
Analysis: New text prevents the mounting of the
A/C or refrigeration equipment disconnect on the
equipment in a manner that will obscure the
equipment nameplate. Thoughtless installers have
been known to cover up equipment nameplates,
making it difficult to obtain important information.
This was not prohibited in the 2005 NEC.
Revised exception requires the locking mechanism
for the disconnecting means be permanently
installed ensuring worker safety and providing consistency with similar rules in [Articles 424 and 430].
Analysis: New text requires the disconnecting
means for a generator be lockable in the open
position to improve safety for those working on
the generator or connected equipment.
547.5 Wiring Methods
■
New text acts like an exception on the GFCIprotection requirements for 15A and 20A, 125V
receptacles in agricultural buildings.
(G) GFCI-Protected Receptacles. GFCI protection is
required for all 15A and 20A, 125V, general-purpose
receptacles located:
(1) In areas having an equipotential plane in
accordance with [547.10(A)].
(2) Outdoors
(3) In damp or wet locations
(4) In dirt confinement areas for livestock
GFCI protection shall not be required for a receptacle supplying a dedicated load where a 15A or
20A, 125V, GFCI-protected receptacle is located
within 3 ft. of the receptacle for the dedicated load.
445.18 Disconnecting Means Required
for Generators
■
The disconnect requirements for generators are
more stringent.
Generators shall have a disconnecting means that is
lockable in the open position, except where:
(1) The driving means for the generator can be
readily shut down, and
(2) The generator isn’t arranged to operate in parallel with another generator or other source of voltage.
Caution: If a single generator is used to supply emergency power, as well as legally required or optional
standby power, then there must be at least two transfer
switches: one for emergency power and another for
legally required and optional standby power [700.6(D)].
Author’s Comment: Dedicated loads include
brooders, incubators, feed mixers, feed grinders,
feed conveyors, and the like.
Analysis: This section was revised by adding a
new sentence allowing the use of 15A and 20A,
125V, receptacles without GFCI protection for
dedicated loads as long as there is a GFCI-protected receptacle accessible within 3 ft. of the
receptacle for the dedicated load.
44
45
550.25 Arc-Fault Circuit-Interrupter
(AFCI) Protection
■
This revision attempts to coordinate AFCIprotection requirements for mobile and manufactured homes with dwelling unit requirements.
(B) Bedrooms of Mobile Homes and Manufactured
Homes. All 15A or 20A, 120V branch circuits that
supply outlets in dwelling unit bedrooms shall be
AFCI-protected in compliance with 210.12(B).
(A) Receptacles Rated 15A, 20A, and 30A, 125V.
GFCI protection is required for all receptacles used
by personnel during construction, remodeling, maintenance, repair, or demolition of buildings, structures,
equipment, or similar activities.
GFCI protection can be provided by circuit breakers,
receptacles, cord sets, or adapters that incorporate
listed GFCI protection.
Analysis: This section was revised to bring the
2008 NEC text of 550.25 into alignment with the
2005 NEC text of 210.12. The 2005 Code required
AFCI protection but did not provide specific details.
Now that the AFCI rules in [210.12(B)] have been
expanded beyond bedrooms, the two rules still
don’t match.
590.6 Ground-Fault Protection for
Personnel
■
The rules for GFCI protection of receptacles were
clarified to consider an on-site generated power
source.
Ground-fault protection for personnel is required for
all temporary wiring used for construction, remodeling, maintenance, repair, or demolition of buildings,
structures, or equipment, from power derived from
an electric utility company or from an on-site generated power source.
(B) Other Receptacles. Receptacles rated other than
15A, 20A, or 30A, 125V that supply temporary power
used by personnel during construction, remodeling,
maintenance, repair, or demolition of buildings,
structures, equipment, or similar activities shall have
protection in accordance with:
(1) GFCI Protection
(2) Assured Equipment Grounding Conductor Program.
46
47
Analysis: This section’s revision clarifies that
GFCI provisions for receptacles rated 15A, 20A,
and 30A, 125V for temporary installations apply
whether power is derived from a utility source or
from an on-site generator.
Leviton manufactures temporary GFCI protection devices: Cat. No. PB101 Power
Distribution Box and Cat No. 69591-W3
GFCI Cord Sets.
■
Cord sets available in automatic
and manual reset
■
Meet OSHA safety regulations
for open neutral protection
■
Available in a variety
of configurations for
different voltages
and amperages
600.6 Disconnects
■
The “locked in the open position” requirements
for electric signs and outline lighting equipment
were clarified.
Each circuit that supplies a sign or outline lighting
system shall be controlled by an externally operable
switch or circuit breaker that opens all ungrounded
conductors.
(A) Location
(1) Within Sight of Sign. The disconnecting means
shall be within sight of the sign or outline lighting
system. Where the disconnecting means is out of
the line of sight from any section of the sign or outline lighting able to be energized, the disconnecting
means shall be capable of being locked in the open
(off) position.
48
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The provision for locking or adding a lock to the
disconnecting means shall be on the switch or circuit
breaker and remain in place with or without the lock
installed. A portable locking means does not meet
the “locked in the open (off) position” requirement.
At least one lighting outlet that contains a switch or
is controlled by a wall switch shall be installed at the
usual point of entry to these spaces. The lighting
outlet shall be located at or near the equipment
requiring servicing.
Analysis: The 2005 NEC required an attic access
door of at least 3 ft. by 2 ft. for ballasts, transformers, and electronic power supplies installed in attics
and soffits. Compliance with this requirement was
not possible since standard construction practice is
to space trusses 24 in. on center. This change permits an opening 22-1/2 in. wide rather than 24 in.,
which will make a typical installation legal.
Author’s Comment: See the definition of “Within
Sight” in [Article 100].
(2) Within Sight of the Controller. Signs or outline
lighting systems operated by electronic or electromechanical controllers located external to the sign or
outline lighting system shall have the disconnecting
means installed in accordance with (1) through (3):
(1) Located within sight of or in the same enclosure
with the controller.
New sentences add the requirement of lighting in
attic and soffit locations where ballasts, transformers, and electronic power supplies are located.
This provides consistency with [210.70(C)].
(2) Be capable of disconnecting the sign or outline
lighting and the controller from all ungrounded
supply conductors.
Leviton manufactures switches in many configurations, colors and ratings. For areas that are
largely “out-of-sight”, we suggest a standard toggle
switch. For areas with higher visibility, use Decora®,
Vizia™, or Acenti® devices.
(3) Be capable of being locked in the open
(off) position.
Leviton commercial grade
switches are extremely reliable:
Cat. No. CS115-2W, 15Amp
120/277V AC Switch.
■
Accepts #14-#12 AWG
copper or copper-clad wire
■
Large switch contacts for
maximum conductivity
■
Available in many colors
620.51 Disconnecting Means
Analysis: This change was made for consistency
with similar Code rules in [Articles 430 and 440].
Portable locks on breakers cannot be used to
satisfy the rules that require provisions for locking
a switch or breaker in the “off” position.
600.21 Ballasts, Transformers, and
Electronic Power Supplies
■
Access and lighting requirements for ballasts,
transformers, and electronic power supplies
located in attics and soffits were revised.
(E) Attic Locations. Ballasts, transformers, and electronic power supplies are permitted in attics and
soffits, provided there is an access door and a passageway not less than 3 ft high by 22-1/2 in. wide
with a suitable permanent walkway at least 1 ft wide
to the point of entry for each component.
50
■
The “Locked in the Open Position” requirements
for elevators, escalators, and moving walk
equipment were clarified.
A disconnect shall be provided that simultaneously
disconnects all ungrounded main power-supply
conductors for each unit.
(A) Type. The disconnecting means shall be an
externally operable fused motor-circuit switch or
circuit breaker capable of being locked in the open
(off) position.
The provision for locking or adding a lock to the
disconnecting means shall be on the switch or circuit
breaker and remain in place with or without the lock
installed. A portable locking means does not meet
the “locked in the open (off) position” requirement.
51
Analysis: The change in wording in this section
was made to provide consistency with similar
NEC rules that call for disconnecting means to be
capable of being locked in the open (off) position.
It’s important that electrical safety rules be consistent. The last sentence was included to ensure
that the lock to be used is a substantial lock and
not a portable unit.
626.24 Means for Connecting to
Electrified Truck Parking Space Supply
Equipment
(A) General. No more than two extra hard service
cords or cables shall supply trucks in electrified truck
parking space. A single separable power cord assembly shall supply each connection to the equipment.
626.22 Electrified Truck Parking Space
Equipment
(B) NEMA Receptacles. No more than 3 grounding
type receptacles to be provided as follows:
■
(1) Two, 20A 125V NEMA type 5-20R single
receptacles.
A new article addressing Electrified Truck Parking
Space Equipment was added to the 2008 NEC.
This new article covers the electrical conductors and
external equipment connecting trucks and transport
refrigerated units to a supply of electricity. It also
addresses the installation of equipment and devices
related to electrical installations within an electrified
truck parking space.
A truck parking space is a location with an electrical
system that allows truckers to “plug in” their vehicles
while stopped, and use off-board power sources in
order to operate onboard systems such as air-conditioning, heating and appliances, without any engine
idling.
An electrified truck parking space also may include
dedicated parking areas for heavy-duty trucks at
travel plazas, warehouses, shipper and consignee
yards, depot facilities, border crossings, etc.
It does not include areas such as the shoulders of onand-off highway ramps and access roads, camping
and recreational vehicle sites, residential and commercial parking areas used for automotive parking or
other areas where AC power is provided solely for the
purpose of connecting automotive and other light
electrical loads, such as engine block heaters at private residences.
Installation Practices and Products
(B) Height. Raised concrete pad and pedestal
height should be at least 2 ft. above ground for truck
parking space supply equipment.
(C) Access and Working Space. Access must be at
least 2 ft. wide and less than 6 ft. 6 in. high, unobstructed and accessible.
(2) One, 30A 120/208V, 3-phase, 4-wire receptacle
Exception: If an air-conditioning duct is supplied at the
truck parking space which provides cold air independent of the truck’s AC system, then only two receptacles
need be provided as identified in [626.28(B)(1)].
Fine Print Note: For information regarding
“Transport Refrigerated Units” (TRU’s), please refer
to Part 5 in the actual NEC.
(C) Disconnecting Means. A switch or circuit
breaker must be provided to disconnect power to individual truck service equipment at the electrified truck
parking space.
(D) Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCI’s).
GFCI protection is required for all receptacles provided at the truck parking space.
Analysis: This new Article 626 covers the electrical installation requirements for conductors and
equipment connecting trucks and transport refrigerated units to electric power within an electrified
parking space.
This issue was driven by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA), which has been pressing the transportation industry to reduce truck
idling at truck stops. Reducing truck idling,
decreases fuel usage and air pollution. The intent
of this article is to provide an electrical standard
for the transportation industry.
Leviton manufactures a full
complement of single receptacles
such as Cat. No. 5891, 20A, 125V
NEMA 5-20R.
(D) Disconnecting Means. A circuit breaker or
switch must be installed to disconnect power to one
or more truck space supply equipment sites from a
remote location. The disconnecting means must be
within sight and capable of being locked in the open
(off) position.
52
53
640.6 Mechanical Execution of Work
■
Hardware requirements for securing cables have
been expanded.
(A) Neat and Workmanlike Manner. Audio equipment
and cabling shall be installed in a neat and
workmanlike manner.
(B) Installation of Audio Cables. Exposed audio
cables shall be supported so that the cable will not
be damaged by normal building use. In addition,
straps, staples, cable ties, hangers, or similar fittings
shall secure audio cables so that the cable will not
be damaged. The installation shall conform to
[300.4] and [300.11(A)].
Author’s Comment: An abandoned cable is one
that isn’t terminated to equipment and not identified for future use with a tag [640.2].
(D) Audio Cable Identified for Future Use.
(1) Cables identified for future use shall be marked
with a tag of sufficient durability to withstand the
environment involved.
Author’s Comment: See the definition of
“Exposed” in [Article 100].
Analysis: “Cable ties” were added to the list of
supporting methods in an effort to create uniform
language with other limited energy Code articles.
640.6 Mechanical Execution of Work
(2) Cables shall have the following information:
(a) Date cable was identified for future use
(b) Date of expected use
■
The rules for unused cables were revised to
clarify when they are required to be removed.
(C) Abandoned Audio Cables. Abandoned audio
cables shall be removed.
(c) Intended future use of the cable
Fine Print Note: Accepted industry practices are
described in ANSI/NECA/BICSI 568, Standard for
Installing Commercial Building Telecommunications
Cabling.
Author’s Comment: For more information about
this standard, visit http://www.NECA-Neis.org.
Analysis: This section was divided into subsections
to improve usability and the new subsections clarify
when unused cables must be removed and under
what conditions they are permitted to remain.
54
55
645.5 Supply Circuits and
Interconnecting Cables
■
The requirements for information technology equipment supply cords under raised floors were clarified.
(D) Under Raised Floors. Power cables, communications cables, connecting cables, interconnecting
cables, cord-and-plug connections, and receptacles
associated with the information technology equipment
are permitted under a raised floor, provided the following conditions are met:
(3) Supply cords of listed information technology
equipment not longer than 15 ft. with an attachment
plug, where protected against physical damage are
permitted under a raised floor [645.5(B)].
Analysis: Subsection (D)(3) was added to remove
confusion in the industry as to whether cord-andplug connections from listed information technology
equipment supply cords could be used under raised
floors. The subsequent subsections were then
renumbered.
645.5 Supply Circuits and
Interconnecting Cables
■
A new table clarifies the types of signaling and
communications cable permitted under raised
floors of information technology equipment rooms.
(6) Cable Rating. Cables shall be Type DP, having
adequate fire-resistant characteristics suitable for use
under raised floors of an information technology equipment room, except those listed in (a) through (c) below.
(a) Cables enclosed in a raceway.
(b) Cables listed with equipment manufactured
prior to July 1, 1994, and installed with that
equipment.
(c) Signal or communication cable identified in
Table 645.5.
56
Author’s Comment: An abandoned cable is one
that isn’t terminated to equipment and not identified for future use with a tag [645.2].
Table 645.5 Cable Types Permitted
Under Raised Floors
Article
Plenum
Riser
336
725
General
Purpose
TC
CL2P &
CL3P
CL2R &
CL3R
727
CL2, CL3 &
PLTC
(G) Cables Identified for Future Use.
(1) Cables identified for future use shall be marked
with a tag of sufficient durability to withstand the
environment involved.
(2) Cables shall have the following information:
(a) Date cable was identified for future use
(b) Date of expected use
ITC
760
NPLFP &
FPLP
NPLFR &
FPLR
NPLF &
FPL
770
OFNP &
OFCP
OFNR &
OFCR
OFN &
OFC
800
CMP
CMR
CM & CMG
820
CATVP
CATVR
CATV
(c) Intended future use of the cable
Author’s Comment: Table 645.5 demonstrates
that any listed general-purpose signal or communications cable is permitted within the raised floor
area of an information technology equipment room.
Analysis: This new table makes it easier for Code
users to know which signaling and/or communications cables are permitted under a raised floor in
an information technology equipment room.
Analysis: This section was divided into subsections
to improve usability and the new subsections clarify
when unused cables must be removed and under
what conditions they are permitted to remain.
645.5 Supply Circuits and
Interconnecting Cables
■
The rules for unused cables were revised to
clarify when they are required to be removed and
when they are permitted to remain.
(F) Abandoned Supply Circuits and Interconnecting
Cables. The accessible portion of abandoned cables
shall be removed unless installed in a metal raceway.
58
680.12 Maintenance Disconnecting
Means
■
The location requirements of the maintenance disconnect, when separated from the water by a permanent structure, were clarified.
59
A maintenance disconnecting means is required for
a permanently installed pool, storable pool, outdoor
spa, outdoor hot tub, or fountain equipment, other
than lighting for these water bodies.
The maintenance disconnecting means shall be readily accessible and located within sight and at least 5 ft.
from the permanently installed pool, storable pool,
outdoor spa, outdoor hot tub, or fountain equipment
unless separated from the open water by a permanently installed barrier that provides a 5 ft. reach path
or greater.
This horizontal distance is measured from the
water’s edge along the shortest path required to
reach the disconnect.
(3) Grounding type
(4) GFCI-protected
(2) Other Receptacles. Receptacles not supplying
loads directly related to the circulating system shall be
not less than 10 6 ft. from the inside walls of a permanently installed pool, outdoor spa, or outdoor hot tub.
(3) Dwelling Unit. At a dwelling unit, one 15A or 20A,
125V receptacle shall be located not less than 10 6 ft.
and not more than 20 ft. from the inside walls of a
permanently installed pool, outdoor spa, or outdoor
hot tub. This receptacle shall be located not more
than 6-1⁄2 ft. above the floor, platform, or grade level
serving the permanently installed pool, outdoor spa,
or outdoor hot tub.
(4) GFCI-Protected Receptacles. All 15A and 20A,
125V receptacles located within 20 ft. from the inside
walls of a permanently installed pool, outdoor spa, or
outdoor hot tub shall be GFCI-protected.
Author’s Comments:
• Outdoor dwelling unit receptacles must be
GFCI-protected, regardless of the distance
from a permanently installed pool, outdoor spa,
or outdoor hot tub [210.8(A)(3)].
• All 15A and 20A, 125V receptacles for
non-dwelling units located outdoors require
GFCI protection [210.8(B)(4)].
Analysis: This section was revised to include
requirements for locating the maintenance disconnecting means when it is separated from the open
water by a permanently installed barrier.
680.22 Area Lighting, Receptacles, and
Equipment
■
The “5 ft. from the water” requirement for receptacle placement was increased, and the “10 ft. from
the water” requirement was decreased.
(A) Receptacles.
(1) Circulation System. Receptacles for permanently
installed pool, outdoor spa, and outdoor hot tub
motors, or other loads directly related to the circulation system shall be located not less than 10 ft. from
the inside walls of a permanently installed pool, outdoor spa, or outdoor hot tub, or not less than 5 6 ft.
from the inside walls of a permanently installed pool,
outdoor spa, or outdoor hot tub if:
(5) Measurements. The receptacle distance is
measured as the shortest path an appliance cord
would follow without passing through a wall, doorway,
or window.
Analysis: The 5 ft. and 10 ft. from the water
dimension on locating receptacles was changed to
6 ft. to ensure consistency throughout Article 680.
The 10 ft. dimension from the water rule was in the
Code for many years, prior to the introduction of
GFCI devices. The 5 ft. dimension from the water
rule was changed to 6 ft. because this is the length
of standard power-supply cords.
Similar changes were made in [680.34], [680.43],
[680.62], and [680.71].
The 2005 rule that addressed receptacle placement
for restricted space requirements [680.22(A)(4)]
was removed, therefore, Subsections (5) and (6)
were renumbered as (4) and (5).
(1) It’s a single receptacle
(2) Locking type
60
61
680.22 Area Lighting, Receptacles, and
Equipment
■
The GFCI-protection requirements for permanently
installed pool, outdoor spa, or outdoor hot tub
pump motors were changed.
(B) GFCI Protection. Outlets supplying pool pump
motors for a permanently installed pool, outdoor spa,
or outdoor hot tub from branch circuits rated 15A or
20A, 120V or 240V shall be GFCI-protected.
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Analysis: This change reinstates the 1999 Code
language requiring GFCI protection on singlephase hard-wired pump motors to ensure safety for
swimming pool users. This rule was relocated from
680.22(A)(5) to 680.22(B), therefore, Subsections
(C) and (D) were renumbered as (D) and (E).
Leviton manufactures GFCI’s in many configurations: Cat. No. 7899, 20A 125V,
SmartLockPro™ GFCI Receptacle.
■
Improved immunity to
noise that causes
nuisance tripping
■
Increased surge immunity
■
Buttons match face color
(red and black buttons
also available)
680.23 Underwater Luminaires
■
The text for underwater wet-niche luminaire
maintenance location was revised to clarify
access requirements.
(B) Wet-Niche Underwater Luminaires.
(6) Servicing. The forming shell location and length
of cord in the forming shell shall allow for personnel
62
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to place the removed luminaire on the deck or other
dry location for maintenance. The luminaire maintenance location shall be accessible without entering
or going in the pool water.
Analysis: This subsection was revised to correct a
change made in the 2005 NEC. In some cases,
wet-niche luminaires are installed at depths where
it isn’t possible to reach them from the deck or a
dry location for removal. While it may be necessary
to enter the pool water, possibly with underwater
breathing apparatus, the cord must be long enough
to allow the luminaire to be brought out and placed
on a deck or other dry location for relamping,
maintenance, or inspection.
680.31 Pumps
■
New text requires GFCI protection to be integral to
the cord of cord-and-plug-connected storable pools.
Cord-connected pool pumps shall be double-insulated
and have a means to ground the internal metal parts
to an equipment grounding conductor run with the
power-supply conductors in the flexible cord. The cord
also shall have GFCI protection as an integral part of
the attachment plug.
Analysis: Change coordinates GFCI-protection
requirements for storable pools with permanent
pools as required in [680.22(B)].
680.34 Receptacle Locations
■
The “10 ft. from the water” requirement for receptacle placement near storable pools was decreased.
Receptacles shall not be located less than 10 6 ft.
from the inside walls of a storable pool. The receptacle distance is measured as the shortest path an
appliance cord would follow without passing through
a wall, doorway, or window.
64
Analysis: The Code changed 10 ft. to 6 ft. for
receptacle locations relative to the distance to the
water ensuring consistency throughout Article
680. The 10 ft. dimension was in the NEC for
many years, prior to the introduction of GFCI
devices. Similar changes were made in [680.22,
680.43, 680.62, and 680.71].
Leviton manufactures GFCI’s in many configurations, among them: Cat. No. 7599 15 Amp 125 V
SmartLockPro™ GFCI Receptacle.
■
Dual-function indicator light
assists wiring and provides
power indication
■
Feed-thru protection for
receptacles downstream
■
Leviton patented lockout
prevents resetting of GFCI if
mis-wired (line-load reversal)
or if no longer offering protection.
680.43 Indoor Installations
■
The “5 ft. from the water” requirement for receptacle
placement near spas and hot tubs was increased.
(A) Receptacles. At least one 15A or 20A, 125V receptacle shall be located at least 5 6 ft., but not more than
10 ft., from the inside wall of the spa or hot tub.
680.71 Protection
■
Changes were made to the branch circuit and
receptacle placement requirements.
Hydromassage bathtubs and their associated electrical
components shall be on an individual branch circuit
protected by a readily accessible GFCI. In addition,
GFCI protection is required for all receptacles rated
30A or less at 125V located within 5 6 ft. of the
inside walls of a hydromassage tub.
(1) Location. Other receptacles shall be located not
less than 5 6 ft., measured horizontally, from the
inside walls of the indoor spa or hot tub.
(2) GFCI-Protected Receptacles. Receptacles rated
30A or less at 125V, located within 10 ft. of the
inside walls of an indoor spa or hot tub, shall be
GFCI-protected.
(3) Spa or Hot Tub Receptacle. Receptacles that
provide power for an indoor spa or hot tub shall be
GFCI-protected.
(4) Measurements. In determining the above
dimensions, the distance to be measured shall be the
shortest path that the supply cord of an appliance
connected to the receptacle would follow without
piercing a floor, wall, ceiling, doorway with hinged or
sliding door, window opening, or other effective
permanent barrier.
Analysis: The 5 ft. dimension from the water rule
was changed to 6 ft. because this is the length of
standard power supply cords. Similar changes were
made in [680.22, 680.34, 680.62, and 680.71].
66
Analysis: This section now requires a hydromassage bathtub and its associated electrical components to be installed on an individual branch circuit.
Another change reduces the 10 ft. to 6 ft. distance
from the water for the receptacle placement to
ensure consistency throughout Article 680. The 10
ft. dimension was in the Code for many years,
prior to the introduction of GFCI devices. Similar
changes were made in [680.22, 680.34, 680.43,
and 680.62].
67
Article 708 – Critical Operations Power
Systems (COPS)
■
A new article addressing Critical Operations
Power Systems was added to the 2008 NEC.
The provisions of this article apply to the installation,
operation, monitoring, control, and maintenance of
premises wiring intended to supply, distribute, and
control electricity to designated critical operations
areas in the event of disruption to elements of the
normal system.
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Critical operations power systems are those systems
so classed by municipal, state, federal, or other codes,
by any governmental agency having jurisdiction, or by
facility engineering documentation establishing the
necessity for such a system. These systems include
but are not limited to power systems, HVAC, fire
alarms, security, communications, and signaling for
designated critical operations areas.
Critical Operations Power Systems are generally
installed in vital infrastructure facilities that, if destroyed
or incapacitated, will disrupt national security, the
economy, public health or safety; and where enhanced
electrical infrastructure for continuity of operation is
deemed necessary by governmental authority.
Threats to facilities that may require transfer of operation to the critical systems include both naturally
occurring hazards and human-caused events.
Analysis: Recent terrorist events and natural
disasters, such as the World Trade Center attack
and Hurricane Katrina, highlighted the need to
assess the adequacy of the National Electrical
Code requirements for electrical infrastructure protection and reliability.
This new Article 708 was created by a task group
developed in response to Homeland Security
activity, specifically how to keep an emergency
system operating for days. The task group was
formed to review requirements in the NEC and
other NFPA codes and standards covering
emergency and standby power systems and
sources, and signaling systems.
For more information concerning COPS, please
refer to the NEC 2008 full text.
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68
725.25, 760.25, 770.25 and 800.25
Abandoned Cable
770.48 Unlisted Cables and Raceways
Entering Buildings
Leviton Note: Articles 725.25, 760.25, 770.25 and
800.25 all have the same intent, but each references
different materials (725.25= Cable, 760.25= Fire
Alarm Cable, 770.25= Optical Fiber Cable and
800.25= Communications Cable). To simplify,
Leviton has grouped these four articles into one
passage as provided below.
■
■
(A) Conductive and Non-conductive Cables. Unlisted
optical fiber cables can enter a building if the length
of the optical fiber cable measured from its point of
entrance does not exceed 50 ft. and the optical fiber
cable terminates in an enclosure.
A new sentence addresses the durability issue of
the “future use” tag.
Fine Print Note 2: The point of entrance is
defined as the point within a building at which the
optical fiber cable emerges from an external wall,
from a concrete floor slab, or from a rigid metal
conduit or an intermediate metal conduit connected by a grounding conductor to an electrode in
accordance with [770.100].
To limit the spread of fire or products of combustion
within a building, the accessible portion of cable that
isn’t terminated at equipment and not identified for
future use with a tag shall be removed [725.2],
[760.2], [770.2], [800.2]
Cable identification for future use, so that the cable
is not considered abandoned as defined in 725.2,
760.2, 770.2, 800.2 shall be with a tag that can
withstand the environment involved.
The rules permitting unlisted optical fiber cable
within a building were relocated and clarified.
(B) Non-conductive Cables. Unlisted Non-conductive
optical fiber cables are permitted to enter the building, without limitation on length, where run in:
Intermediate Metal Conduit, Article 342
Rigid Metal Conduit, Article 344
PVC Conduit, Article 352
Electrical Metallic Tubing, Article 358
Analysis: This editorial change moved material
into the appropriate part of the article and revised
an exception into positive language.
770.93, 800.93, 820.93 and 830.93
Cable Grounding
Leviton Note: Articles 770.93, 800.93, 820.93 and
830.93 all have the same intent, but each references
different materials (770.93= Fiber Cable, 800.93=
Metallic Metal Sheath Cable, 820.93= CATV Cable
and 830.93= Broadband Communications Cable).
To simplify, Leviton has grouped these four articles
into one passage as provided below:
Author’s Comment: This rule doesn’t require the
removal of concealed cables abandoned in place,
which includes cables in raceways. According to
[Article 100], cables in raceways are considered to
be concealed, not accessible.
Analysis: This editorial change moved material
into the appropriate part of the article and revised
an exception into positive language.
■
The grounding requirements for metallic sheaths
of optical fiber cable, metallic sheath cable, CATV
cable and broadband communications cable
members were editorially revised.
Optical fiber cables, metallic sheath cables, CATV
cables and broadband communications cables
entering the building or terminating on the outside of
the building shall comply with (A) or (B).
(A) Entering Buildings. In installations where the
cable entering the building is exposed to contact with
electrical conductors, the metallic sheath members of
the cable shall be grounded in accordance with
770.100, 800.100, 820.100 and 830.100, or be
interrupted by an insulating joint or equivalent device.
70
71
Analysis: This section was revised along with
[770.48, 800.48, and 820.48] to help clarify the
rules for fiber optical cable, communications cable
and coaxial cable listings.
The grounding or interruption shall be as close as
practicable to the point of entrance.
(B) Terminating On the Outside of the Building. In
installations where the cable is terminated on the
outside of the building and is exposed to contact with
electrical conductors, the metallic sheath members of
the cable shall be grounded in accordance with
770.100, 800.100, 820.100, and 830.100 or interrupted
by an insulating joint or equivalent device. The
grounding or interruption shall be as close as
practicable to the point of termination of the cable.
Analysis: This section was revised to clarify the
location for grounding the coaxial cable’s conductive shield. It also provided consistency between
[800.93, 820.93, and 830.93] regarding “point of
entrance.”
770.113, 800.113 and 820.113 Installation
of Optical Fiber Cables, Communications
Cables and Coaxial Cables
Leviton Note: Articles 770.113, 800.113 and 820.113
have the same intent, but each references different
materials (770.113= Optical Fiber Cable, 800.113=
Communications Cable and 820.113= Coaxial
Cable). To simplify, Leviton has grouped these three
articles into one passage as provided below:
■
800.48 Unlisted Cables and Raceways
Entering Buildings
■
The rule permitting unlisted communications cable
within a building was relocated and clarified.
Unlisted communications cable is permitted in a
building if the length of the cable within the building,
from its point of entrance, does not exceed 50 ft.
and the cable terminates in an enclosure or on a
primary protector.
Fine Print Note: The primary protector must be
located as close as practicable to the point at
which the cable enters the building [800.90(B)].
Therefore, unlisted outside plant communications
cables may not be permitted to enter the building
if it’s practicable to place the primary protector
closer than 50 ft. to the point of entrance.
The rules permitting unlisted optical fiber cable,
communications cable and coaxial cable within a
building have been clarified.
Optical fiber cables, communications cables and
coaxial cables installed in buildings shall be listed.
Exception: Optical fiber cables that comply with
770.48 and communications cables that comply with
800.48 and coaxial cables that comply with 820.48
shall not be required to be listed.
Author’s Comment: According to [770.48], unlisted
optical fiber cables can enter a building if the length
of the optical fiber cable measured from its point of
entrance does not exceed 50 ft. and the optical fiber
cable terminates in an enclosure, or unlisted Nonconductive optical fiber cables are installed in IMC,
RMC, PVC, or EMT [770.48].
Author’s Comment: Unlisted communications
cable is permitted in a building if its length from its
point of entrance does not exceed 50 ft. and it
terminates in an enclosure [800.48].
Author’s Comment: The point of entrance is
defined as the point within the building where the
cable emerges from an external wall, from a
concrete floor slab, or from a rigid metal conduit
or an intermediate metal conduit connected to an
electrode by a grounding conductor in accordance
with [800.100] and [800.2].
Analysis: This editorial change moved material
into the appropriate part of the article and revised
an exception into positive language.
Author’s Comment: Unlisted coaxial cable is
permitted in a building if its length from its point of
entrance does not exceed 50 ft. and it terminates
in an enclosure.
72
73
800.156 Dwelling Unit
Communications Outlet.
820.25 Abandoned Cable
■
■
A new section was added addressing communications outlets within dwelling units.
No less than one communications outlet shall be
installed within each dwelling unit.
A new sentence was added to address the
durability of the “future use” tag.
To limit the spread of fire or products of combustion
within a building, the accessible portion of coaxial cable
that isn’t terminated at equipment and not identified for
future use with a tag shall be removed [820.2].
Cable identification for future use, so that the cable is not
considered abandoned as defined in [820.2], shall be
with a tag that can withstand the environment involved.
Analysis: This new section requires a communications outlet at the dwelling’s communications
service entrance for new construction. There was
previously no requirement for a communications
outlet in a dwelling unit.
Leviton manufactures low-voltage communications equipment for every application in both
commercial and residential environments.
74
■
Complete line of copper and fiber cable, connectors and housings
■
Audio and home theater products also available
■
Free training offered at
www.leviton.com. Click on
ez-learn.
Author’s Comment: This rule doesn’t require the
removal of concealed coaxial cables abandoned
in place, which includes cables in raceways.
According to [Article 100], cables in raceways are
considered to be concealed, not accessible.
Analysis: A new sentence was added giving
requirements for the tag used to show that a
coaxial cable is intended for future use, so that it
will not be considered abandoned. In previous
Code editions, there was no guidance as to what
kind of tag should be used.
75
820.48 Unlisted Cables and Raceways
Entering Buildings
■
The rules permitting unlisted coaxial cable within
a building were relocated and clarified.
Unlisted coaxial cable is permitted in a building if the
length of the coaxial cable within the building from its
point of entrance does not exceed 50 ft. and the
coaxial cable terminates in an enclosure.
Fine Print Note 1: The outer shield of the coaxial
cable must be grounded as close as practicable to the
point at which the coaxial cable enters the building
[820.93]. Therefore, unlisted outside plant coaxial
cables may not be permitted to enter the building if it
is practicable to ground the coaxial cable closer than
50 ft. to the point of entrance.
Fine Print Note 2: The point of entrance is defined as
the point within the building where the coaxial cable
emerges from an external wall, from a concrete floor
slab, or from a rigid metal conduit or an intermediate
metal conduit connected to an electrode by a grounding conductor in accordance with 820.100 [820.2].
Analysis: This editorial change moved material
into the appropriate part of the article and revised
an exception into positive language.
Helping
Homeowners
Save Energy
and the Environment
Energy conservation is more than a
bright idea – it’s a way of life that’s
sweeping the country and creating new
opportunities for electrical professionals.
Take advantage of this trend with
Leviton’s Energy Management Products.
•
Lighting Controls, Occupancy Sensors,
and Timers Save Energy
•
Compact Fluorescent Lights (CFL’s) are 4 times
more efficient and last up to 10 times longer
than incandescent lights
•
Upgrading from standard switches or lights
maximizes your profits
In the end, both you and your customers win.
76
To find out more about Leviton’s full line of
energy saving devices, visit www.leviton.com
We hope you found this Pocket Guide helpful. For
other helpful tools, information and training, please
visit Leviton's website at www.leviton.com,
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About the Author – Mike Holt has devoted his
career to studying and understanding the National
Electrical Code®. His simple, direct style and his ability
to simplify technical concepts, make his books and
DVD’s highly sought out by those who need electrical
training. Extensive use of illustration in all of his training programs makes learning fun for his students.
Mike Holt Enterprises, Inc.
3604 Parkway Blvd., Suite #3
Leesburg, Florida 34748
Phone: 1.888.NEC.Code
Web: www.MikeHolt.com
E-mail: Mike@MikeHolt.com
Text & Graphics Copyright 2007, by Mike Holt Enterprises, Inc.
78
® National Electrical Code and NEC are registered trademarks of the
National Fire Protection Association, Inc., Quincy, MA 02269.
NEC® CODE CHANGES
Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc.
59-25 Little Neck Parkway, Little Neck, NY 11362-2591
Telephone: 1-800-323-8920 FAX: 1-800-832-9538
Tech Line (8:30AM-7:30PM E.S.T. Mon-Fri): 1-800-824-3005
Leviton Manufacturing of Canada, Ltd.
165 Hymus Boulevard, Pointe Claire, Quebec H9R 1E9
Telephone: 1-800-469-7890 FAX: 1-800-563-1853
Leviton S. de R.L. de C.V.
Lago Tana 43, Mexico DF, Mexico CP 11290
Telephone: (+52) 55-5082-1040 • www.leviton.com.mx
Visit us on the web at: www.leviton.com
Copyright 2008 Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. All rights reserved.
Note: Features and specifications subject to change.
©
Leviton Manufacturing Co. assumes no responsibility for interpretation or application
of this Pocket Guide’s contents.
LI-ED-0907-066