Bo Ou , ABB Germany, 27th July 2016
Ultra High Frequency (UHF) Partial
Discharge Monitoring (PDM) System
For Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS)
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 1
Agenda
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 2

Introduction of Partial Discharge (PD)
3

Basis for Employing RF and UHF Methods
4

Diversification in PD Detection Technologies
5

International Standard
6-8

Sensitivity Verification
9

UHF Detection and Errors
10-14

Online Continuous PDM
14-18

Global Installed Base of PDM
19

Solutions of ABB
20-22
Introduction of Partial Discharge (PD)


The prerequisites
of the occurrence
of PD：

Localized
breakdown

Confined
section of a
solid or liquid
electrical
insulation
system
The typical locations /
types of the PDs in the
GIS：

Void

Protrusion

Floating electrode

Hopping particle

Delamination
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 3
Basis for Employing RF and UHF Methods
Why UHF Measuring Technology for GIS
The SF6 gas used insulation in GIS offers high dielectric strength
because its electrons are tightly bound to the molecule; being
electro-negative, they are quickly re-absorbed. In both cases
energy-band transitions are extremely rapid.
Therefore, when discharges do occur, the resulting electrical
impulses exhibit risetimes on the order of 70 picoseconds, thus
producing RF signals whose spectra extend to several gigahertz:
freqmax = 0.35/Tr => 70 ps ≈ 15 GHz*
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 4
*source: Alistair J
Reid, Martin Judd:
Ultra-wide
bandwidth
measurement of
partial discharge
currents in SF6;
Journal of Physics
part D: Applied
Physics 45 (April
2012) 1-5.
Diversification in PD Detection Technologies
Why Broadband method in Time Domain
Narrowband UHF
method
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 5
Broad-band
UHF
method

Propagation of electromagnetic waves excited by PDs in
the GIS along the coaxial waveguide constituted by the
inner and outer conductor

The PD detection in the UHF frequency range (300MHz3GHz) via internal or external UHF sensors

UHF detections in frequency-domain (narrow-band
method) as well as in time domain (broad-band method)
International Standard
IEC 62271-203
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 6
International Standard
IEC 62271-203
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 7
International Standard
GIGRE 2010-444
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 8
The Sensitivity Verification of UHF-PDM System for
ELK-04
According to CIGRE TF15/33.03.05 for ELK-04
CIGRE 2000 15-305:
• Two experts of
ABB-Germany
Mr. V.Rees and
Mr. A.Breuer
described the first
step of sensitivity
verification for
ELK-04-735
according to
CIGRE TF
15/33.03.05 . The
result is：10V
equal to 5pC
hopping particle
in this kind of
GIS
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 9
UHF
antennae
April. 10. 2010:
• After 9 months
cooperation, ABB
Germany and
Darmstadt
University of
Applied Science
accomplished the
first step of
sensitivity
verification for
ELK-04-520
(EXK) as well as
for the hybrid
type (ELK
combined with
EXK). The
conclusion is：
20V equal to 5pC
hopping particle
in these types of
GIS
HF Detection and Errors（Protrusion）
Protrusion Grounded at Metal Enclosure
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 10
HF Detection and Errors（Protrusion）
Protrusion at the Conductor
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 11
HF Detection and Errors（Protrusion）
Protrusion at the Conductor
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 12
HF Detection and Errors（Protrusion）
Hopping Particle
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 13
HF Detection and Errors（Protrusion）
Void in Barrier Insulator
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 14
Online Continuous PDM Monitoring System
Overview
TCP/IP
WAN Contact
Switch
Remote Control
Modem
Alarm
low
Alarm
high
UPS
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 15
Systemfault
Online Continuous PDM Monitoring System
Components（Examples）
1. UHF sensor
2. Patch box
3. Industrial PC
4. PD monitor
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 16
Online Continuous PDM Monitoring System
Components（Examples）

IPU2B and
FCU2

DA2

AIAcompact

GISmonitor
(portable)
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 17
Calibration Impulse
Generator


GISmonitor
(Portable and
stationary)
Online Continuous PDM Monitoring System
Controlling Rack（Examples）
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 18
Online Continuous PDM Monitoring System
Software（Examples）
GIS 局放檢測軟體
Main panel of GIS
monitor
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 19
Global Installed Base of PDM
Total No. of sensors:
3550
Total No. of monitors:
50
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 20
Solution 1
Semi Automatic PDM-System
Alarm Alarm
Low
high
Remote Desktop
/Software
System fault/
Alarm high/
Alarm low
TCP/IP Connection
PD alarms/warning
Switch
TCP/IP
WAN
HTTP/IEC61850
Sensor
A2
Sensor
L1
HF data from GIS
Sensor B2
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 21
Sensor
L2
Systemfault
Solution 2
Fully Automatic PDM-System
Alarm
Low
Remote
Desktop
/Software
System fault/
Alarm high/
Alarm low
TCP/IP Connection
PD alarms/warning
TCP/IP
WAN
Switch
HTTP/IEC61850
Sensor
L1
Sensor
A2
HF data from GIS
Sensor
B2
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 22
Sensor
L2
Alarm
high
Systemfault
© ABB Group
June 8, 2016 | Slide 23