Addition
Subtraction
P scales
Add objects in practical
situations
Counting out objects in the
class such as pencils or
blocks and adding more to
the group
Take away objects in
practical situations
Taking objects from a
group.
Level 1
Understand the meaning of
addition as combining two
or more sets of objects
Visual aids such as blocks
Number stories
Understand the meaning of
subtraction as taking away
and seeing how many are
left
Learning to count
backwards on the number
line or on fingers
Add up by counting on from
the first number given
Counting on fingers,
counting out loud, counting
from number line
Level 2
Recall number bonds to 10
Visual aids – cubes in sticks
of 10 and number line
Add a two digit and one digit
number together
Counting on with fingers,
counting on number line,
visual aid of number sticks
and blocks to show
multiples of 10. Use close
approximations e.g. for
adding 9 you can add 10
then take 1. Use number
bonds knowledge so 27 + 8
we know 27+3=30 then add
5 more (use number line to
reinforce)
Introduction of column
method.
Multiplication
Division
Recall doubles to 10+10
and understand this as 2x10
Repeated practice on mini
whiteboards. Visual aids of
number sticks to show close
doubles e.g. double 7 is
double 5 plus double 2.
Understand concept of
multiplication
Count objects in groups of 2
and 5
Recall halves to 20
Repeated practice on mini
whiteboards. Visual aids
number sticks to show
breaking in half. Close
halves like half 12 is half 10
and half 2.
Solve subtraction problems
with numbers up to 10
Subtract a one digit from a
two digit number
Counting back with fingers
or number line. Visual aid
number sticks and blocks.
Practise counting back from
larger number or counting
on from smaller number.
Understand concept of
division
Divide a set of objects into
groups
Use number bonds to 10 to
derive e.g. 30+70
Level 3
Level 4
Add 2 digit numbers
mentally
Mental strategies e.g add
tens and units separately
then combine, or start from
first number and add tens
then units separately.
Add 3 digit numbers on
paper
Column method
Add decimal numbers with
2dp
Column method
Subtract 2 digit numbers
mentally
Mental strategies- take off
tens then units, use close
approximations e.g. to take
18 take off 20 then add 2.
Subtract 3 digit numbers on
paper
Column method with
borrowing
Subtract decimal numbers
with 2dp
Column method
Know the 2,3,4,5,10 tables
Repeated practice chanting,
mini whiteboards, writing
out, testing, playing games
on IWB.
Multiply 2 digit numbers by
2,3,4,5,10
Use partitioning to multiply
mentally
Introducing column method.
Multiply by 10 and 100
Demonstrate movement of
digits in place value
columns
Know all tables to 10x10
Repeated practice chanting,
mini whiteboards, writing
out, testing, playing games
on IWB.
Use written methods for
multiplication
Column method or grid
method
Multiply a simple decimal by
a single digit
Use times tables knowledge
Use knowledge of times
tables to work out simple
divisions
Divide by a whole number
and get a remainder
Mental division- counting up
in times tables then see
what is left- use number line
to show this
Divide by 10 and 100
Demonstrate movement of
digits in place value
columns
Use written methods for
division
Bus shelter method
Divide a simple decimal by
a single digit
Use times tables knowledge
and place value
understanding
Level 5
Add negative numbers
Use number line
Show number patterns to
explain rules
Subtract negative numbers
Use number line
Show number patterns to
explain rules
and place value
understanding
Partitioning or column
method
Multiply by 1000
Demonstrate movement of
digits in place value
columns
Multiply decimals with 2dp
by a single digit
Column method
Long multiplication
A choice of traditional
column method, grid
method (not recommended)
or diagonal method
Level 6
Add fractions
Subtract fractions
Multiply negative numbers
Learn rules and apply tables
knowledge
Multiply fractions
Also, pupils are taught the context of the four operations and how to solve worded problems.
Level 2: I know when to use add or subtract.
Level 4: I can solve maths problems and check my answer.
Divide by 1000
Demonstrate movement of
digits in place value
columns
Divide decimals with 2dp by
a single digit
Bus shelter
Long division
Derivation of bus shelter
method. Chunking not
recommended.
Divide negative numbers
Learn rules and apply tables
knowledge
Divide fractions