Reactive Power Solutions
Capacitor Catalogue 2016
Reactive Power Solutions
About us
3
Havells Power Capacitors are designed and manufactured using S technology. It encompenses product with tripple shield
with differential disconnector in the event of any fault within due to environmental compatability. Automatic controlled V ACcum
potting of “Element Modules” ensures fault remains localised and protects the installation inspite of hazards.
Advance technologies adopted in our “Capacitors” offer you unmatched safety and outstanding performance under Indian
conditions benefiting you month after month and every year from now on...
Our commitment to manufacturing excellence and providing a world class quality products at affordable prices in creating your
industry more energy efficient, now from even wider spectrum of products from Havells; we offer you a complete solution which
is not only safe and reliable but also help you save your energy.
At Havells “Energy Conservation is our Motto”
Reactive Power Solutions
INDEX
Introduction8-15
Sahibabad Capacitor Plant
Product overview
16-21
IPFC Panels
22-29
Power Capacitors - Cylinderical
30-44
Power Capacitors - Square
46-57
Anti Resonance Harmonic Filter
58-65
Micorprocessor controlled power factor controler
66-70
PFC fundamentals
71-83
Reactive Power Solutions
Sahibabad Capacitor Plant
4
Reactive Power Solutions
5
Reactive Power Solutions
From Component to Solution
6
Reactive Power Solutions
Range of Power Factor Correction Capacitors &
Components
Anti
Harmonic
Detuned
Filter
Cylindrical
Microprocessor
Controlled
Power Factor
Controller
Square
APFC Panel
Range
6-350 KVAr
TORRENT
(Splendid Duty)
Range 1-30 KVAr
8 & 12 Steps
Range 5-100 KVAr
CHAMP
(Heavy Duty)
Range 1-30 KVAr*
(Heavy Duty)
Range 1-25 KVAr
(Normal Duty)
Range 1-15 KVAr
(Super Heavy Duty)
Double Dielectric
Range 1-25 KVAr*
(Splendid Duty)
Range 1-30 KVAr*
*Higher ratings on requrest. Banking solution available.
7
Reactive Power Solutions
Power Factor
As electrical power demand increasing day by day the awarness of the necessity of the energy saving is also increasing. So awarness
of power quality increases. The power factor correction (PFC) and harmonic filtering is a need of the hour. Its a way of fast return of
investment.
I
U
U
I
Linear loads:
voltage was followed
by current.
Non linear load produce
non sinusoidal currents when
connected to sinusoidal voltage.
Havells is single window for power quality solution togeather with
•
•
•
Application know-how
Technical skills
Extensive experience in the field of power quality improvement
Uninterruptible Power Supply
(optional)
C
DC link
Frequency converter
Charging
resistor
M
Linear load
with fixed
PFC
Tuned
harmonic
filters
(Aluminum electrolytic
or film capacitors)
3~
EMC filter
Overvoltage
protection
•
•
•
A worldwide network of partners
Continuous development
Sharing of information.
Power Factor Correction (PFC)
and Harmonic Filtering
Dynamic
PFC
systems
Overvoltage
protection
Passive
harmonic
filters
Overvoltage
protection
Active
harmonic
filters
Overvoltage
protection
Overvoltage
protection
C
Output filter
EMC filter
250/350/
550 Hz
(detuned
PFC
systems)
M
3~
Power factor
Power factor improvement
Types of PFC
Low power factor (cos f)results in
Power factor improvement can be
achieved by
(Detuned or conventional)
•
Higher energy consumption
and costs
•
Compensation of reactive
power with capacitors
•
Less power distributed via
the network
•
Active compensation – using
semiconductors,
•
Power loss in the network
•
•
Higher transformer losses
Overexcited synchronous
machine (motor / generator)
•
Increased voltage drop in
power distribution networks.
•
Individual or fixed compensation
(each reactive power producer is
individually compensated)
•
Group compensation (reactive
power producers connected as a
group and compensated as a whole)
•
Central or automatic compensation
(by a PFC system at a central point),
•
Mixed compensation.
Important Notes
Following points are applies to all products in this catalogue.
• HAVELLS is either unfamiliar with individual customer applications or less familiar with them than customers themselves. For this
reason, It is always ultimately incumbent on the customer to check and decide whether the HAVELLS product with the properties
described in the product specification is suitable for use in particular customer application.
• We also point out that in individual cases, a malfunction of components or failure before the end of their usual service life cannot
be completely ruled out in the current state of the art, even if they are operated as specified. In customer application requiring
a very high level of operational safety and especially in customer applications in which the malfunction or failure of component
could endanger human life or health (e.g. in accident prevention or lifesaving systems), it must therefore be ensured by means of
suitable design of the customer application or other action taken by the customer
(e.g. installation of protective circuitry
or redundancy) that no injury or damage is sustained by third parties in the event of malfunction or failure of component.
• The warnings, cautions and product –specific notes must be observed.
• We constantly strive to improve our products, consequently, the product describe in this publication may change from time to
time. Please check before or when you place the purchase order whether the product description and specifications contained in
this catalogue.
8
Reactive Power Solutions
Power Factor Correction - Components
kWh meter
Apparent
power
P
Grid
S
Q
kvarh meter
Capacitors for
compensation
Capacitor
Power factor correction (PFC) capacitors produce the necessary leading reactive power to compensate the lagging reactive power.
They should be capable of withstanding high inrush currents caused by switching operations (>100 · IR). If they are connected in
parallel, i.e. as banks, the inrush current will increase (≥150 · IR) because the charging current comes from the power line as well
as from other capacitors connected in parallel.
Design of capacitors
MPP technology
Metalized plastic compact capacitors with self-healing properties and a polypropylene dielectric. Film metallization with
zinc/aluminum alloy results in high performance and a low film thickness allowing significantly more compact dimensions
and a lower weight.
Self-healing
x
1
4
2
10
1
2
4
10
1.
2.
3.
4.
5, 6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
97
7
6
93
8
1
6
9 3
5
2 4
10
1
r
5 4 2
10
Dielectric
Metalized electrodes
Material displacing shock wave
Air gap with metal vapor
Plasma zone
Boundary layer between gas phase dielectric and plasma
Breakdown channel
Gas phase dielectric
Zone of displaced metalization and dielectric (isolating region)
In the event of thermal or electrical overload, an electric breakdown
occurs. The dielectric in the breakdown channel is broken down into
highly compressed plasma that explodes out of the breakdown
channel and pushes the dielectric layers apart. The discharge continues within the spreading charge continues within the spreading
plasma via the metal layers so that the metal surrounding the faulty
area is completely burnt out. This produces perfect isolation of the
faulty area within microseconds. The self-healing process results in
negligible capacitance loss – less than 100 pF per event. The capacitor remains fully functional during the entire process.
30 µm
10 µm
9
Reactive Power Solutions
Introduction - Principle of Reactive Energy Management
Under normal operating conditions certain electrical loads (e.g. induction motors, welding
Reactive Power KVAr
equipment, arc furnaces and fluorescent lighting) draw not only active power from the
Q = S2 - P2
supply, but also inductive reactive power (KVAr).This reactive power is necessary for the
equipment to operate correctly but could be interpreted as an undesirable burden on the
supply. The power factor of a load is defined as the ratio of active power to apparent power,
i.e. kW: kVA and is referred to as cosf. The closer cosf is to unity, the less reactive power
is drawn from the supply:
Active
Active
P = S2-Q2
S = P2-Q2
[KW]
[kVA]
f = phase displacement
Cos f = P/S
Sin f = Q/S
S1 = uncompensated apparent power
S2 = compensated power with
Q = S Sin f
Active Power (kW)
capacitor for compensation
Q = P tan f
• It is power used by the loads to meet the functional output requirements
Power Factor = Cos f
Cos f = P (kW) / S (kVA)
Reactive Power (KVAr)
• It is power used by the load to meet its magnetic field equipments and the requirements
of magnetic losses
• The reactive power is always 900 out of phase with respects to the active power
• The unit normally used to express the reactive power is VAr ( in practical usage KVAr)
• The apparent power KVA is the vector some of active and reactive power
Power Factor
• Using IPFC panel at various points of the distribution network-
The power factor is the cosine of the angle between Active power
Here automatic power factor correction takes place with the help
and Apparent power
of power factor controller and power contactors by switching
• Power Factor (cosf) =
Active power (KW)
Apparent power(KVA)
• KVA = KW +KVAr
2
in/out 4/6/8/12 steps of capacitor banks as the power factor
varies.
2
• kW = KVA x cosf
KVAr
• tanf =
kW
Effects of Reactive Energy
It is now obvious that both active and reactive energy are
necessary inputs in all electrical systems however the flow of
reactive power has certain negative aspects which results in
the increased cost of electrical systems and also drops in the
efficiency of systems operations
The increased flow of reactive power results in the following.
Adverse condition
• Overloading of transformers
• Higher kVA demand on system
• Higher voltage drop throughout the systems.
• Increase IR losses leading to additional heating and loss of
energy
• Increase in the rating of switchgear cables and other protective
devices
• Reduction of voltage at the load end
Power
Generation
Active energy
Reactive energy
Power
Generation
Transmission
network
Active energy
Active energy
Motor
Reactive energy
Transmission
network
Active energy
Motor
Capacitors
Power Factor Correction
kvar c (leading)
Capacitors are most cost effective and reliable static devices which
can generate and supply reactive power (energy). Capacitors
consume virtually negligible active power and able to produce
reactive power locally, thus enabling Power Factor Correction for
inductive loads.
The vector diagram given aside summarize the concept of power
factor correction/ improvement by reactive power compensation
with capacitors.
kW
ϕ2
kVA 2
ϕ1
kVA 1
kvar2
kvar C
kvar 1
cosf1 = Initial power factor
cosf2 = Target power factor
KVA2<KVA1
10
Reactive Power Solutions
Benefits of Reactive Energy Management
• By providing proper Reactive management system the adverse effects of flow of reactive energy can be minimized
• Following table provides some of the benefits of reactive energy management
Reduction in Electricity bill
Reduction in KVAr
Reduction in kVA Demand
Reduction in Line Current
Reduced Loading on Transformer
Reduction in Switchgear Rating
Reduction in line losses / Cable losses
Reduction in voltage regulations
Savings on the electricity bill
• Decrease in KVA demand
• Eliminate penalties on reactive energy
Copper loss =
• Reduce power loss in transformers
=
Example:
Loss reduction in a 630KVA transformer
PW = 6500W (assumed) with an initial Power Factor = 0.7
With power factor correction we obtain a final power
factor = 0.98
The losses become : 3316W i.e. a reduction of 49%
=
(
(
(
PF1
PF2
0.7
0.98
0.7
0.98
)
)
)
2
X Full load copper loss
2
X Full load copper loss
2
X 6500W
= 3316W
Savings = 6500W – 3316W
= 3183W
Increase in available power
A high power factor optimizes an electrical installation.
Fitting PFC equipment on Low Voltage side of transformers
increases available power at secondary of LV transformers.
The table shows the increased available power at the transformer
output by improving power factor from 0.7 to1.
Example :
Calculation for additional load in KW that can be connected by
improving Power Factor
Load
= 500KVA
Initial PF (cosf1)
= 0.7
Target PF (cosf2)
= 0.95
cosf1 kW1
Additional available
power (kW)
0.7
0%
0.8
+14%
0.85
+21%
0.90
+29%
0.95
+36%
1.00
+43%
= kW1/KVA
= KVA x cosf1
kW2
Power Factor
= 350 kW
= KVA x cosf2
= 475 kW
Additional kW that can be connected
= 475-350
= 125 kW
% of additional load = 125 /350 x100
= 36%
11
Reactive Power Solutions
Reduction in line current
Installation of PFC equipment results in,
•
•
Reduction in current drawn from source
Reduction in conductor cross section and reduced losses
The table shows the Multiplying Factor(MF) for the conductor crosssection
increase for fall in power factor.
Example:
Power Factor
MF
1
1
0.80
1.25
0.80
1.67
0.40
2.50
Calculation of reduction of line current if PF improved from 0.60 to 1.00
Load = 350 kW
1. KVA1 I1 = 1kW/PF1
= 1350 / 1.00
= 1350 kVA
= 1KVA x 1000 / Ö3 x V
= 1583 x 1000 / Ö3 x 440
= 1765 A (Before PF compensation)
2. KVA2 = 1kW/PF2
= 1350/0.60
= 1583 KVA
I2= 1KVA x 1000 / Ö3 x V
= 1350 x 1000 / Ö3 x 440
= 1459 A (After PF compensation)
Savings in line current
Multiplying Factor
= 1I1 / I2
= 1765 / 459
= 11.67
Improvement in voltage regulation
Installing PFC equipment increases the voltage at the point of connection, which compensates the fall in voltage due to poor
Power Factor
DV = Q
V
S
DV =Voltage Improvement
V = System Voltage Without Capacitors
Q = Capacitors Rating in MVAr
S = System Fault Level In MVA
Example:
For a 150 KVAr, 440V capacitor & System
fault level of 15 MVA.
DV = Q
V
S
440 x 0.15
DV =
15
DV = 4.4 Volts
12
Reactive Power Solutions
Types of compensation
Broadly, there are two types of compensation:
•
Fixed compensation
•
Variable compensation
Fixed compensation
This arrangement uses one or more capacitors to provide a constant level of compensation.
Control may be
•
Manual: by circuit-breaker or load-break switch
•
Semi-automatic: by contactor
•
Direct connection to an appliance and switched with it
These capacitors are applied:
•
At the terminals of inductive loads (mainly motors), at bus bars connecting numerous small motors and inductive appliances for
which individual compensation would be too costly
•
In cases where the load factor is reasonably constant
Variable compensation
•
IPFC panels
•
Contactor / Thyristor based
•
ePFC
•
Electronic VAr compensator with IGBT
The primary reason for Variable compensation is the variation of loads in the network. In many applications the process are not constant
through out the day, hence the reactive energy required varies as per the load profile, to eliminate the risk of leading power factor and to
optimize the kVA demand, the variable compensation techniques are used.
Modes of compensation
The selection of the Power Factgor Correction equipment can follow 3 levels of compensation
•
Central compensation
•
Group compensation
•
Individual compensaion
Supply
Transformer
Circuit
Breaker
Central
Compensation
Group
Compensation
Group
Compensation
Individual
Compensation
Individual
Compensation
M
Load
M
Load
Individual
Compensation
Individual
Compensation
M
Load
M
Load
13
Reactive Power Solutions
The table below shows the values for typical power factors
according to the formula
Current
achievable
(Actual)
(Target)
Tan f
Cos f
cos f
0.800.820.850.88
3.180.302.43 2.43 2.562.64
2.960.322.21 2.26 2.342.42
2.770.342.02 2.07 2.152.23
2.590.361.84 1.89 1.972.05
2.430.381.68 1.73 1.811.89
2.290.401.54 1.59 1.671.75
2.160.421.41 1.46 1.541.62
2.040.441.29 1.34 1.421.50
1.930.461.18 1.23 1.311.39
1.830.481.08 1.13 1.211.29
1.730.500.98 1.03 1.111.19
1.640.520.89 0.94 1.021.10
1.560.540.81 0.86 0.941.02
1.480.560.73 0.78 0.860.94
1.400.580.65 0.70 0.780.86
1.330.600.58 0.63 0.710.79
1.300.610.55 0.60 0.680.76
1.270.620.52 0.57 0.650.73
1.230.630.48 0.53 0.610.69
1.200.640.45 0.50 0.580.66
1.170.650.42 0.47 0.550.63
1.140.660.39 0.44 0.520.60
1.110.670.36 0.41 0.490.57
1.080.680.33 0.38 0.460.54
1.050.690.30 0.35 0.430.51
1.020.700.27 0.32 0.400.48
0.990.710.24 0.29 0.370.45
0.960.720.21 0.26 0.340.42
0.940.730.19 0.24 0.320.40
0.910.740.16 0.21 0.290.37
0.880.750.13 0.18 0.260.34
0.860.760.11 0.16 0.240.32
0.830.770.08 0.13 0.210.29
0.800.780.05 0.10 0.180.26
0.780.790.03 0.08 0.160.24
0.750.80
0.05 0.130.21
0.720.81
0.100.18
0.700.82
0.080.16
0.670.83
0.050.13
0.650.84
0.030.11
0.620.85 0.08
0.590.86 0.05
0.570.87
0.540.88
0.510.89
0.480.90
0.460.91
0.430.92
0.400.93
0.360.94
0.330.95
0.290.96
0.250.97
0.200.98
0.140.99
Qc = PA * (tanf1-tan f2)
Qc (KVAr) = PMotor * K = active power (kW) * factor “K”
PMotor=S * cos j = apparent power * cos f
tan f 1 + f 2 according to cos f values ref. Table
Example:
ACTUAL motor power
P = 100 kW
Actual cos f0.65
TARGET cos f0.96
Factor K from table
0.88
Capacitor reactive power Qc
Qc = 100 * 0.88 = 88 KVAr (say 90 KVAr)
14
Reactive Power Solutions
0.90
0.92 0.940.960.98
1.00
Factor K
2.70
2.75 2.82 2.892.983.18
2.48
2.53 2.60 2.672.762.96
2.28
2.34 2.41 2.482.562.77
2.10
2.17 2.23 2.302.392.59
1.95
2.01 2.07 2.142.232.43
1.81
1.87 1.93 2.002.092.29
1.68
1.73 1.80 1.871.962.06
1.56
1.61 1.68 1.751.842.04
1.45
1.50 1.57 1.641.731.93
1.34
1.40 1.47 1.541.621.83
1.25
1.31 1.37 1.451.631.73
1.16
1.22 1.28 1.351.441.64
1.07
1.13 1.20 1.271.361.56
1.00
1.05 1.12 1.191.281.48
0.92
0.98 1.04 1.111.201.40
0.85
0.91 0.97 1.041.131.33
0.81
0.87 0.94 1.011.101.30
0.78
0.84 0.91 0.991.061.27
0.75
0.81 0.87 0.941.031.23
0.72
0.77 0.84 0.911.001.20
0.68
0.74 0.81 0.880.971.17
0.65
0.71 0.78 0.850.941.14
0.63
0.68 0.75 0.820.901.11
0.59
0.65 0.72 0.790.881.08
0.56
0.62 0.69 0.760.851.05
0.54
0.59 0.66 0.730.821.02
0.51
0.57 0.63 0.700.790.99
0.48
0.54 0.60 0.670.760.96
0.45
0.51 0.58 0.650.730.94
0.42
0.48 0.55 0.620.710.91
0.40
0.46 0.52 0.590.680.88
0.37
0.43 0.50 0.570.650.86
0.34
0.40 0.47 0.540.630.83
0.32
0.38 0.44 0.510.600.80
0.29
0.35 0.42 0.490.570.78
0.27
0.32 0.39 0.460.550.75
0.24
0.30 0.36 0.430.520.72
0.21
0.27 0.34 0.410.490.70
0.19
0.25 0.31 0.380.470.67
0.16
0.22 0.29 0.360.440.65
0.14
0.19 0.26 0.330.420.62
0.11
0.17 0.23 0.300.390.59
0.08
0.14 0.21 0.280.360.57
0.06
0.11 0.18 0.250.340.54
0.03
0.09 0.15 0.220.310.51
0.06 0.12 0.190.260.48
0.03 0.10 0.170.250.46
0.07 0.140.220.43
0.04 0.110.190.40
0.070.160.36
0.13 0.33
0.09 0.29
0.05 0.25
0.20
0.14
15
Reactive Power Solutions
Power factor correction capacitors - Cylindrical
Parameter
Unit
Hercules
Qn
1 – 30 KVAr
IS 13340 / IEC 60831
Reference Standard
Power (Rated Capacitance)
Tolerance
0 –10%
Connection
Delta
Rated voltage
VR
400 – 525
Rated Frequency
fR
50 / 60 Hz
Max. Permisible Voltage
Vmax.
VR + 10 % (up to 8 h daily)
VR + 15 % (up to 30 min daily)
VR + 20 % (up to 5 min daily) VR + 30 % (up to 1 min daily)
Max. Permisible Current
Imax.
Up to 1.3 x IR (up to 1.5 x IR incl. combined
effects of harmonics, over voltages and
capacitance)
Max. Transient Inrush Current Handling Capacity
IS
up to 200 x IR
AC Test Voltage Terminal to Terminal
VTT
2.15 x UN, 2 Sec.
Insulation Voltage Between Terminal & Container
VTC
3600 V AC, 2 Sec.
Max. Ratings
Test Data
Losses:
– Dielectric
< 0.2 W/KVAr
– Total*
< 0.4 W/KVAr
Climatic Category
C
Ambient Temperature
0
Max. humidity
Hrel
95%
4000 M above sea level
Max. Permisible Altitute
Mean Life Expectancy
-25 / D; max. temp. 550 C; max mean 24h = 45 0C;
max. mean 1 year = 35 0C; lowest temp. = -25 0C
tLD (co)
100000 Hrs
Design Data
Case Material / Shape
Aluminium / Cylindrical
Dimensions
According to specification table page no. 33, 34
Dielectric
Polypropylene Film
Impregnation
Soft Resin
Threaded Bolt M8 / M12
Fixing
Max. Tourque for Fixing
Nm
4 Nm / 10 Nm
Mounting Position
Upright. Horizontal mounting with additional
head support possible.
Terminals
Upto 5KVAr fast on and above clamp
Degree of Protection Safety
IP20 optional IP54
Max. Tourque for Connection Terminals (6 KVAr and above)
Nm
2.5 Nm
Safety
Mechnical Safety
Tear of fuses, overpressure disconnector
Discharge Device
Resister
Discharge Device Time
Sec.
≤60 Sec (50 V)
Cooling
Natural or Forced
Max. Switching Operations
Max. 5000 Nos. Per Year
Ordering Code
QHNTC*
* without discharge resister
16
Reactive Power Solutions
Phantom
Agri Boost
IS 13340 / IEC 60831
IS 13340
1 – 25 KVAr
1 – 15 KVAr
0 –10%
0 –10%
Delta
Delta
400 – 525
415 – 440
50 / 60 Hz
50 / 60 Hz
VR + 10 % (up to 8 h daily)
VR + 15 % (up to 30 min daily)
VR + 20 % (up to 5 min daily) VR + 30 % (up to 1 min daily)
VR + 10 % (up to 8 h daily)
VR + 15 % (up to 30 min daily)
VR + 20 % (up to 5 min daily) VR + 30 % (up to 1 min daily)
Up to 1.3 x IR (up to 1.5 x IR incl.
combined effects of harmonics,
over voltages and capacitance)
Up to 1.3 x IR (up to 1.5 x IR incl.
combined effects of harmonics,
over voltages and capacitance)
up to 250 x IR
up to 200 x IR
2.15 x UN, 2 Sec.
1.75 x UN, 2 Sec.
3600 V AC, 2 Sec.
3600 V AC, 2 Sec.
< 0.2 W/KVAr
< 0.2 W/KVAr
< 0.4 W/KVAr
< 0.4 W/KVAr
-25 / D; max. temp. 550 C; max mean 24h = 45 0C;
max. mean 1 year = 35 0C; lowest temp. = -25 0C
-25 / D; max. temp. 550 C; max mean 24h = 45 0C;
max. mean 1 year = 35 0C; lowest temp. = -25 0C
95%
95%
4000 M above sea level
4000 M above sea level
130000 Hrs
100000 Hrs
Aluminium / Cylindrical
Aluminium / Cylindrical
According to Specification Table Page No. 39, 40
According to Specification Table Page No. 44
Polypropylene Film
Polypropylene Film
Soft Resin
Soft Resin
Threaded Bolt M8 / M12
Threaded Bolt M8 / M12
4 Nm / 10 Nm
4 Nm / 10 Nm
Upright. Horizontal mounting with
additional head support Possible.
Upright. Horizontal mounting with
additional head support Possible.
Upto 5KVAr fast on and above clamp
Wire Terminal
IP20 optional IP54
IP54
2.5 Nm
Tear of fuses, overpressure disconnector
Tear of fuses, overpressure disconnector
Resister
Resister
≤60 Sec (50 V)
≤60 Sec (50 V)
Natural or Forced
Natural or Forced
Max. 5000 Nos. Per Year
Max. 5000 Nos. Per Year
QHHTC*
QHATC*
17
Reactive Power Solutions
Power factor correction capacitors - Square
Parameter
Unit
Power (Rated Capacitance)
Mini Master / Master
IS 13340 / IEC 60831
Reference Standard
Qn
1 – 100 KVAr
0 – 10%
Tolerance
Delta
Connection
Rated voltage
VR
400 – 525
Rated Frequency
fR
50 / 60 Hz
Max. Permisible Voltage
Vmax.
VR + 10 % (up to 8 h daily)
VR + 15 % (up to 30 min daily)
VR + 20 % (up to 5 min daily) VR + 30 % (up to 1 min daily)
Max. Permisible Current
Imax.
Up to 1.3 x IR (up to 1.5 x IR incl. combined
effects of harmonics, over voltages and
capacitance)
Max. Transient Inrush Current Handling Capacity
IS
up to 200 x IR
AC Test Voltage Terminal to Terminal
VTT
2.15 x UN, 2 Sec.
Insulation Voltage Between Terminal & Container
VTC
3600 V AC, 2 Sec.
Max. Ratings
Test Data
Losses:
– Dielectric
< 0.2 W/KVAr
– Total*
< 0.4 W/KVAr
Climatic Category
Ambient Temperature
0
C
-25 / D; max. temp. 550 C; max mean 24h = 45 0C;
max. mean 1 year = 35 0C; lowest temp. = -25 0C
Max. humidity
Hrel
95%
Max. 4000 M above sea level
Permisible Altitute
Mean Life Expectancy
tLD (co)
100000 Hrs
Design Data
Case Material / Shape
Powder Coated, Fabricated Sheet Metal
/ Rectangular
Dimensions
According to Specification Table Page No. 48, 49
Dielectric
Polypropylene Film
Impregnation
Soft Resin
Fixing
Base Mounting
Mounting Position
Upright
Degree of Protection Safety
IP41 Fabricated sheet metal
Safety
Mechnical Safety
Tear of fuses, overpressure disconnector
Discharge Device
Resister
Discharge Device Time
Sec.
≤60 Sec (50 V)
Cooling
Natural or Forced
Max. Switching Operations
Max. 5000 Nos. Per Year
Ordering Code
QHNTM*
* without discharge resister
18
Reactive Power Solutions
Master Plus
Champion
IS 13340 / IEC 60831
IS 13340 / IEC 60831
1 – 100 KVAr
1 – 100 KVAr
0 – 10%
0 – 10%
Delta
Delta
400 – 525
400 – 525
50 / 60 Hz
50 / 60 Hz
VR + 10 % (up to 8 h daily)
VR + 15 % (up to 30 min daily)
VR + 20 % (up to 5 min daily) VR + 30 % (up to 1 min daily)
VR + 10 % (up to 8 h daily)
VR + 15 % (up to 30 min daily)
VR + 20 % (up to 5 min daily) VR + 30 % (up to 1 min daily)
Up to 1.3 x IR (up to 1.5 x IR incl. combined effects of harmonics, over
voltages and capacitance)
Up to 1.3 x IR (up to 1.5 x IR incl. combined effects of
harmonics, over voltages and capacitance)
up to 250 x IR
up to 300 x IR
2.15 x UN, 2 Sec.
2.15 x UN, 2 Sec.
3600 V AC, 2 Sec.
3600 V AC, 2 Sec.
< 0.2 W/KVAr
< 0.2 W/KVAr
< 0.4 W/KVAr
< 0.45 W/KVAr
-25 / D; max. temp. 550 C; max mean 24h = 45 0C;
max. mean 1 year = 35 0C; lowest temp. = -25 0C
-25 / D; max. temp. 550 C; max mean 24h = 45 0C;
max. mean 1 year = 35 0C; lowest temp. = -25 0C
95%
95%
Max. 4000 M above sea level
Max. 4000 M above sea level
130000 Hrs
180000 Hrs
Powder Coated, Fabricated Sheet Metal / Rectangular
Powder Coated, Fabricated Sheet Metal / Rectangular
According to Specification Table Page No.
According to Specification Table Page No. 56, 57
Polypropylene Film
Polypropylene Film
Soft Resin
Soft Resin
Base Mounting
Base Mounting
Upright
Upright
IP41 Fabricated sheet metal
IP41 Fabricated sheet metal
Tear of fuses, overpressure disconnector
Tear of fuses, overpressure disconnector
Resister
Resister
≤60 Sec (50 V)
≤60 Sec (50 V)
Natural or Forced
Natural or Forced
Max. 5000 Nos. Per Year
Max. 5000 Nos. Per Year
QHHTM*
QHSTM*
19
Reactive Power Solutions
Power factor control component - Anti Harmoni Detuned Filer
Technical Data
Reference Standard
IEC 61558 / IS 5553
Tolerance of Inductance
± 3%
V3 = 0.5% VR (duty cycle = 100%)
V5 = 6.0% VR (duty cycle = 100%)
Harmonics*
V7 = 5.0% VR (duty cycle = 100%)
V11 = 3.5% VR (duty cycle = 100%)
V13 = 3.0% VR (duty cycle = 100%)
Effective current
Irms =
(I12+I32 ... I132)
Fundamental current
I1 = 1.06 . IR (50 Hz or 60 Hz current of capacitor)
Insulation (winding-core)
3 kV
Temperature protection
Microswitch (NC)
Dimensional drawings and terminals
See specific datasheets
Three-phase filter reactors to EN 60289 / IEC 61558
Frequency
50 Hz or 60 Hz
Voltage
400, 440 V AC
Output
5 … 100 KVAr
Detuning Factors
5.67%, 7%, 14%
Cooling
Natural
Ambient temperature
40 °C
Humidity
95%
Insulation class
H
Class of protection
I
Enclosure
IP00
Max. Permissible Attitude
Max. 4000M above sea level
Terminals
Lugs / Busbar
Design Data
Dimensions
According to specification table page no
Weight Approx.
According to specification table page no
Safety- All reactors are provided with a sepaerate screw terminal for the temperature switch (opening switch) which is located indisde
the central coil.
Response Temperature
1400C
Voltage
250 V AC (<4A) ... 500 V AC (<2A)
Ordering Code
QHDTM*
20
Reactive Power Solutions
Power factor control component Microprocessor Controlled Power Factor Controller
Technical Data & Limit Values
Reference Standard
IEC 61010-1
Parameters
Unit
Intelligent Power Factor Controller
Dimension
m.m.
144 x 144 x 85
Weight
kg.
0.75
Operating temperature Range
°C
–10 °C ... + 60 °C
Storage temperature Range
°C
–20 °C ... + 65 °C
Ambient conditions
Mounting position
Flush Mounting in Vertical Plane
Protection class
IP 54 ( Front)
Operation
Rated Operational Voltage
V AC
Rated Operational Current
I
Network Type
Mains frequency
230 V AC+-20%
50 mA – 6A (--/5 A Current Transformer)
Single Phase, 2 Wire
Hz
50 / 60
Power consumption
Current
I
<2VA
Voltage
V
<10 VA
Target Power Factor
Cos Φ
0.8 < cos Φ <= 1 (Inductive)
Switching Outputs
Capacitor Steps
6,8 , 12 Steps (Max.) + 1 Alarm
Relay Output Contact
Max 250 AC, 1000 W
Switching time range
2 Sec. – 30 Min.
Control modes
Automatic Bank Selection in accordance to Reactive
Power Compensation
Ordering code
QHOSRA*
21
Reactive Power Solutions
-Automatic Power Factor Correction System
Introduction
power factor under certain load conditions, which is unhealthy
Modern Power network cater to a wide variety of electrical and for the installation as it can result in over voltages, saturation of
power electronic loads, which create a varying power demand transformers, mal-operation of diesel generating sets, penalties
on the supply system. It therefore becomes practically difficult by electricity supply authorities etc.
to maintain a consistent power factor by the use of fixed
It is therefore necessary to automatic switching operation of the
compensation i.e. fixed capacitor to be manually switched ON
suitable capacitor depending upon the load fluctuations without
and OFF to suit the variation of the load. This will lead to situation
manual intervention. This compensation is best suited to the load
where the installation can have a low power factor causing higher
requirements.
demand charges and levy of power factor penalties.
It can be achieved by using Automatic Power Factor Correction
In addition to not being able to achieve the desired power
(APFC) System which can maintain consistently high power
factor that the use of fixed compensation can result in leading
factor, without leading power factor operation.
Range
• Output Rating: 6-350 KVAr (Other KVAr rating on request) • Voltage Rating: 440V
• IEC 60439-3: Low voltage switchgear and control gear
assemblies. Particular requirements for low-voltage switchgear
and control gear assemblies intended to be installed in places
Ref. Standard
• IEC 61921/ IS 8623
The design of the Low Voltage Power Factor Correction banks
and accessories shall comply with the following standards
• IEC60831: Part 1 & 2-Shunt power capacitors of the self
healing type for a.c systems having rated voltage up to and
including 1kV.
where unskilled persons have access for their use-Distribution
boards.
• IEC 60947: Low Voltage Switchgear
Part 2: Molded Case Circuit Breakers & Air circuit Breakers
Part 4: Power Contactors
• IEC 60269: LV Fuses
• IEC 60529: Degree of protection provided by enclosure
• IEC 60044-1: Current transformers.
• IEC 60664-1 / IEC 61326: Power Factor Controller.
22
Reactive Power Solutions
Salient Features
• Correction to Unit Power Factor.
• Modular Design which allows easier assembly, installation
and maintenance by the user.
• Designed to minimize installation time and cost.
• Higher voltage drops in the distribution network hence poor
performance of electrical equipments resulting in production
loss.
• Higher voltage fluctuations hence damage to electrical
equipments resulting in production loss.
• Advanced Microprocessor relay
• The incomer MCCB provided has upto 35 KA fault
interrupting capability.
• Manual Capacitor Switching Capability.
Need to correct the poor power factor:
If we are able to correct the poor power factor to near unity on
all occasions at all loads, we can bring down the kVA demand,
• Indicating light for Capacitor stage display.
line losses, increase the utilization of the distribution equipments,
• Industrial Duty, Safety disconnects Metallized dielectric
increase the performance of electrical equipments, avoid damages
capacitors, less than 0.2 watts per KVAr losses.
• Colour Siemens Grey RAL.
• Special cable used hence it can withstand temperature.
• Step Switching.
to electrical equipments and avoid production losses due to power
related problems. Another major advantage is that unity power
factor not only avoids penalty but also brings in incentive from
Electricity Board for higher power factor. All the above savings in
revenue expenditures improves the bottom line of the company
• Capacitor Duty Contactor with dumping resistance.
directly adding to the profit. Hence the investment on a good
• Switch option Auto or Manual.
power factor correction system will give an attractive payback.
• Bus bar is made of copper.
Subsequently the return on the investment will be high.
• Provision of Rotary handle for incomer MCCB.
Various Methods Of Power Factor Correction System
Principle Operation
• To continuously sense and monitor the load conditions by
the use of the external CT (whose output is fed to the control
relay).
• To automatically switch ON and switch OFF relevant
Using Power Capacitors, the poor power factor can be corrected
in the following methods:
• By providing fixed value of capacitors to the distribution
network at various points. They will be switched in/out as per
the load manually.
capacitor steps to ensure consistent power factor.
• To ensure easy user interface for enabling reliable
understanding of system operation, such as display of real
time power factor, number of switching operations carried out
etc.
• To protect against any electrical faults in a manner that
will ensure safe isolation of the power factor correction
equipment.
Disadvantages of having poor power factor are
generally understood as follows:
• More kVA demand for the given kW load and penalty for poor
power factor, hence higher running cost (electricity bill).
• More line current for the given kW load and hence higher
rated transformer, switchgears and cables are required, hence
higher capital cost.
• More the line current for the given kW load and hence higher
losses at the transformer, switchgears and cables, hence
higher running cost.
• More line current for the given kW load- poor utilization of
all electrical distribution network and hence poor return on
investment.
23
Reactive Power Solutions
Technical Data & Limit Values
Details
Rating
Power Rating
6-15 KVAr
Rated Voltage
25-50 KVAr
75-150 KVAr
175-250 KVAr
275-350 KVAr
3 phase 440 V - 20% 3 phase 440 V to 10%
20% to 10%
3 phase 440 V 20% to 10%
3 phase 440 V 20% to 10%
3 phase 440 V - 20%
to 10%
Frequency
50Hz +/-3%
50Hz +/-3%
50Hz +/-3%
50Hz +/-3%
50Hz +/-3%
Protection when Voltage
sensing fails
“C Curve”
“C Curve”
“C Curve”
“C Curve”
“C Curve”
Alarms with relay output
OC, OV, Under
Compensation
OC, OV, Under
Compensation
OC, OV, Under
Compensation
OC, OV, Under
Compensation
OC, OV, Under
Compensation
Tolerance in KVAr
± 3.5
± 3.5
±7
±8.75
±8.75
Corrected PF
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
Capacitor Bank ON
indication
By indication lamps
By indication lamps
By indication
lamps
By indication lamps
By indication lamps
KVAr/ current meter for
Capacitor
Optional- ICD Make
Optional- ICD Make
Optional- ICD
Make
Optional- ICD Make
Optional- ICD Make
Display of set/ actual
values
PF and KVAr
PF and KVAr
PF and KVAr
PF and KVAr
PF and KVAr
Panel Temperature Rise
20 degree C above
ambient
20 degree C above
ambient
20 degree C above
ambient
20 degree C above
ambient
20 degree C above
ambient
Panel Enclosure
IP20, Force Cooled
IP20, Force Cooled
IP20, Force Cooled IP20, Force Cooled
IP20, Force Cooled
Short Circuit Rating
upto 35 kA
105 % Continuous
Over Voltage
110 % for 8 Hours Daily
120 % for 5 Minutes
130% for 1 Minute
Over Current
200 % the Rated Current Continuously
Duty
Continuous
Power Supply
Three phase, four line
Ambient temperature
-5 °C to + 40 °C
Altitude
1000 metres above Sea level
Incomer
A three pole MCCB, Using FRLS cable, of adequate section
Internal wiring
Cylindrical, dry type three phase units (see table for step ratings)
Capacitors
MPP - SH, Normal duty cylinderical with over pressure Disconnector & Discharge Resistor.
Contactors
Three pole Capacitor duty contactors of adequate ratings for respective steps
Relay
A microprocessor based relay with 4, 8 & 12 output contacts for switching contactors
Controller Protection
Having PF indication, built in time delays, and alarm indication for CT reversal apart from the protections
associated with the capacitor itself, there is a thermostat which disconnects the entire panel in the event of
excessive temperature rise in the enclosure.
As a safety measure, an inter lock is provided so that when the front door is opened, the entire panel will trip.
Installation
Indoor, floor mounted in a well-ventilated, non-dusty environment, cable entry from bottom
24
Reactive Power Solutions
GA Drawings 6 - 15 KVAr
R
Y2
IPFC Relay
Y
Amiter
H
Volt Meter
B
MCCB
W
D
Front
D1
Side
X1
B
Bottom
Foundation
Rating
B
D1
D2
W
H
X1
Y2
6-12KVAr
552
180
200
600
800
500
700
15KVAr
652
230
250
700
1000
600
900
25
Reactive Power Solutions
GA Drawing 25 to 50 KVAr
R
Y
B
IPFC Relay
Volt Meter
Amiter
MCCB
Side
Front
Bottom
Foundation
26
Reactive Power Solutions
GA Drawing 75 to 350 KVAr
R
Y
B
IPFC Relay
Volt Meter
Amiter
MCCB
Front
Side
Bottom
Foundation
Rating
A
B
C
D1
D2
W
H
X1
Y1
Y2
75-150KVAr
351
700
250
230
250
1500
1500
600
100
1400
175-250KVAr
351
700
250
230
250
1500
1750
600
100
1650
275-350KVAr
351
700
250
280
300
1500
2000
600
150
1900
27
Incomer MCCB
40A
63A
125A
200A
250A
315A
400A
500A
500A
630A
630A
800A
800A
800A
800A
KVAr Rating
15
25
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
275
300
325
350
CT Rating
800
800
800
800
600
600
500
450
400
300
300
200
150
100
50
/5
Capacitor
5
5
3
3
5
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
C1
Contactor
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
CC
MCCB
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
6
6
6
MC
Capacitor
10
7
5
5
10
7.5
5
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
2
C2
Contactor
20
12
12
12
20
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
CC
MCCB
25
16
16
16
25
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
6
6
6
MC
Capacitor
15
12.5
7
7
15
10
7.5
5
3
2
3
2
3
2
5
C3
Contactor
20
20
12
12
20
20
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
CC
MCCB
32
25
16
16
32
25
16
16
16
16
16
16
6
6
10
MC
Capacitor
20
15
10
10
20
15
10
10
5
3
3
3
4
3
7
C4
Contactor
30
20
20
20
30
20
20
20
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
CC
MCCB
63
32
25
25
63
32
25
25
16
16
16
16
10
6
16
MC
Capacitor
25
15
15
15
25
20
15
12.5
7.5
4
4
3
5
3
C5
Contactor
50
20
20
20
50
30
20
20
12
12
12
12
12
12
CC
MCCB
63
32
32
32
63
63
32
25
16
16
16
16
10
6
MC
Capacitor
25
20
15
15
25
20
20
15
10
7.5
5
4
7.5
4
C6
50
30
20
20
50
30
30
20
20
12
12
12
12
12
CC
Contactor
Step 6
MCCB
63
63
32
32
63
63
63
32
25
16
16
16
16
10
MC
Capacitor
25
25
20
20
25
25
20
15
12.5
10
7
5
12.5
5
C7
Step 7
50
50
30
30
50
50
30
20
20
20
12
12
20
12
CC
Contactor
Step 5
MCCB
63
63
63
32
63
63
63
32
25
25
16
16
25
10
MC
25
25
25
25
25
25
20
20
15
12.5
7.5
7
15
7
C8
Step 8
50
50
50
50
50
50
20
30
20
20
12
12
20
12
CC
Contactor
Step 4
Capacitor
Capacitor Step in KVAr with Capacitor Duty Contactor and MCB / MCCB Rating
MCCB
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
32
25
16
16
32
16
MC
Capacitor
50
50
50
25
25
25
25
20
20
15
10
10
C9
Step 9
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
30
30
20
20
20
CC
Contactor
Step 3
MCCB
125
125
125
63
63
63
63
63
63
32
25
25
MC
Capacitor
50
50
50
50
25
25
25
25
25
20
12.5
15
C10
Step 10
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
30
20
20
CC
Contactor
Step 2
MCCB
125
125
125
125
63
63
63
63
63
63
25
32
MC
Capacitor
50
50
50
50
25
25
25
25
25
25
20
25
C11
Step 11
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
30
50
CC
Contactor
Step 1
MCCB
125
125
125
125
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
MC
Capacitor
50
50
50
50
25
25
25
25
25
25
25
C12
Step 12
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
50
CC
Contactor
Table of Step Rating
MCCB
125
125
125
125
63
63
63
63
63
63
63
MC
Reactive Power Solutions
28
Reactive Power Solutions
Ordering Information
Description- With Normal Duty(Hercules) Capacitor
Product Code
6 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5006X0
9 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5009X0
12 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5012X0
15 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5015X0
25 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5025X0
50 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5050X0
75 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5075X0
100 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5100X0
125 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5125X0
150 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5150X0
175 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5175X0
200 KVAr/ 440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5200X0
225 KVAr/ 440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5225X0
250 KVAr/ 440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5250X0
275 KVAr/ 440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5275X0
300 KVAr/ 440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5300X0
325 KVAr/ 440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5325X0
350 KVAr/ 440V Standard APFC Panel ND
QHCTRB5350X0
Panel size
W X H X D in mm
600 X 800 X 200
700 X 1000 X 250
1050 X 1000 X 250
1500 X 1500 X 250
1500 X 1750 X 250
1500 X 2000 X 300
Description- With Heavy Duty(Phantom) Capacitor
6 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5006X0
9 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5009X0
12 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5012X0
15 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5015X0
25 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5025X0
50 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5050X0
75 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5075X0
100 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5100X0
125 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5125X0
150 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5150X0
175 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5175X0
200 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5200X0
225 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5225X0
250 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5250X0
275 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5275X0
300 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5300X0
325 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5325X0
350 KVAr /440V Standard APFC Panel HD
QHKTRB5350X0
600 X 800 X 200
700 X 1000 X 250
1050 X 1000 X 250
1500 X 1500 X 250
1500 X 1750 X 250
1500 X 2000 X 300
Note: Manual version also available
29
Reactive Power Solutions
TORRENT
Cylindrical PFC Capacitor
Hercules Three Phase PFC Capacitors - Normal Duty
Non PCB, Soft Resin Impregnated • Stacked Winding • Tripple Safety System
General
Hercules capacitors are MPP (metalized polypropylene) capacitors from
Havells which have been used for PFC applications for more than 7 years
The power range varies from 1.0 to 30.0 KVAr.
The Hercules capacitor is used for power factor correction in industrial applications.
Applications
• Power Factor Correction (PFC) • Automatic capacitor banks • Fixed PFC applications, e.g. motor compensation
• Detuned PFC systems • Dynamic PFC systems • Filter Application
Features
• Compact design in cylindrical aluminum can with stud • Stacked winding • MPP technology
• Voltage range 400 … 525 V • Output range 1.0 … 30.0 KVAr
Electrical
• Long life expectancy of up to 100000 hours • Max. transient inrush current handling capability is 200 x IR
Mechanical and maintenance
• Reduced mounting costs • Easy installation and connection • Low weight and compact volume • Maintenance-free
Safety
• Self-healing • Overpressure disconnector • Shock hazard protected optimized capacitor safety terminals above 6KVAr
30
Reactive Power Solutions
TORRENT
- Soft resin impregnated • Stacked winding • Tripple Safety System
Parameter
Unit
IS 13340 / IEC 60831
Reference Standard
Power (Rated Capacitance)
Hercules
Qn
1 – 30 KVAr
Tolerance
0 –10%
Connection
Delta
Rated voltage
VR
400 – 525
Rated Frequency
fR
50 / 60 Hz
Max. Permisible Voltage
Vmax.
VR + 10 % (up to 8 h daily)
VR + 15 % (up to 30 min daily)
VR + 20 % (up to 5 min daily) VR + 30 % (up to 1 min daily)
Max. Permisible Current
Imax.
Up to 1.3 x IR (up to 1.5 x IR incl. combined
effects of harmonics, over voltages and
capacitance)
Max. Transient Inrush Current Handling Capacity
IS
up to 200 x IR
AC Test Voltage Terminal to Terminal
VTT
2.15 x UN, 2 Sec.
Insulation Voltage Between Terminal & Container
VTC
3600 V AC, 2 Sec.
Max. Ratings
Test Data
Losses:
– Dielectric
< 0.2 W/KVAr
– Total*
< 0.4 W/KVAr
Climatic Category
C
Ambient Temperature
0
Max. humidity
Hrel
-25 / D; max. temp. 550 C; max mean 24h = 45 0C;
max. mean 1 year = 35 0C; lowest temp. = -25 0C
95%
4000 M above sea level
Max. Permisible Altitute
Design Data
Case Material / Shape
Aluminium / Cylindrical
Dimensions
According to specification table page no. 33, 34
Dielectric
Polypropylene Film
Impregnation
Soft Resin
Fixing
Threaded Bolt M8 / M12
Max. Tourque for Fixing
Nm
4 Nm / 10 Nm
Mounting Position
Upright. Horizontal mounting with additional
head support possible.
Terminals
Upto 5KVAr fast on and above clamp
Degree of Protection Safety
IP20 optional IP54
Max. Tourque for Connection Terminals (6 KVAr and above) Nm
2.5 Nm
Safety
Mechnical Safety
Tear of fuses, overpressure disconnector
Discharge Device
Resister
Discharge Device Time
Sec.
≤60 Sec (50 V)
Cooling
Natural or Forced
Max. Switching Operations
Max. 5000 Nos. Per Year
Ordering Code
QHNTC*
Note:
1.
It should be noted that presence of harmonics produce over voltage & over current on capacitors. Resonance may cause serious damage to capacitor if a significant
level of total harmonic distortion level exists for voltage or current. In such cases, series reactors must be considered.
2.
Operating temperature class: In accordance with the reference standards, these temperatures are those measured on the surface on the capacitor.
* Without Discharge Resister
31
Reactive Power Solutions
TORRENT
Technical data, specifications & dimensional drawing of plastic top capacitor series up to 5 KVAr
Diameter D (Ø)
50 / 63.5 / 68mm
Expansion µ
max. 12 mm
Mounting
M 12
M8
(Ø 63.5 mm / 68 mm)
(Ø 50 mm)
Torque
T = 10 Nm
T = 4 Nm
Toothed Washer
12.5
8.0
Hex nut
12
8
12+1
Technical data, specifications & dimensional drawing of Metal top capacitor series above 5 KVAr
Diameter D1 (Ø)
Diameter D (Ø)
79.5 mm / 89.5 mm / 94.5 mm
75.0 mm / 85.0 mm / 90 mm
Expansion µ
max. 13 mm
Mounting
M 12
Torque
T = 10 Nm
Toothed Washer
12.5
Hex nut
12
Terminal Cover for IP 54
32
Reactive Power Solutions
Three phase power capacitor (Normal Duty)
KVAr
Current
(A)
KVAr
50Hz
Current
(A)
Capacitance
(3XµF)
D
(mm)
H
(mm)
Pack
Unit*
Product Code
60Hz
Rated Voltage 400 V AC
1
1.4
1.2
1.7
6.6
50
157
16
QHNTCQ5001X0
2
2.9
2.4
3.5
13.3
50
157
16
QHNTCQ5002X0
2.5
3.6
3
4.3
16.6
50
157
16
QHNTCQ5002X5
3
4.3
3.6
5.2
19.9
50
157
16
QHNTCQ5003X0
4
5.8
4.8
6.9
26.5
50
157
16
QHNTCQ5004X0
5
7.2
6
8.7
33.2
63.5
157
16
QHNTCQ5005X0
6
8.7
7.2
10.4
39.8
75
165
8
QHNTCQ5006X0
7
10.1
8.4
12.1
46.4
75
165
8
QHNTCQ5007X0
7.5
10.8
9
13
49.7
75
165
8
QHNTCQ5007X5
10
14.4
12
17.3
66.3
75
195
8
QHNTCQ5010X0
12.5
18
15
21.7
82.9
85
195
8
QHNTCQ5012X5
15
21.7
18
26
99.5
85
195
8
QHNTCQ5015X0
20
28.9
24
34.6
132.6
85
270
4
QHNTCQ5020X0
25
36.1
30
43.3
165.8
85
270
4
QHNTCQ5025X0
Rated Voltage 415 V AC
1.0
1.4
1.2
1.7
6.2
50
157
16
QHNTCB5001X0
2.0
2.8
2.4
3.3
12.3
50
157
16
QHNTCB5002X0
2.5
3.5
3.0
4.2
15.4
50
157
16
QHNTCB5002X5
3.0
4.2
3.6
5.0
18.5
50
157
16
QHNTCB5003X0
4.0
5.6
4.8
6.7
24.6
50
157
16
QHNTCB5004X0
5.0
7.0
6.0
8.3
30.8
63.5
157
16
QHNTCB5005X0
6.0
8.3
7.2
10.0
37.0
75
195
8
QHNTCB5006X0
7.0
9.7
8.4
11.7
43.1
75
195
8
QHNTCB5007X0
7.5
10.4
9.0
12.5
46.2
75
195
8
QHNTCB5007X5
10.0
13.9
12.0
16.7
61.6
75
195
8
QHNTCB5010X0
12.5
17.4
15.0
20.9
77.0
85
270
8
QHNTCB5012X5
15.0
20.9
18.0
25.0
92.4
85
270
8
QHNTCB5015X0
20.0
27.8
24.0
33.4
123.2
85
345
4
QHNTCB5020X0
25.0
34.8
30.0
41.7
154.0
85
345
4
QHNTCB5025X0
Rated Voltage 440 V AC
1.0
1.3
1.2
1.6
5.5
50
157
16
QHNTCC5001X0
2.0
2.6
2.4
3.1
11.0
50
157
16
QHNTCC5002X0
2.5
3.3
3.0
3.9
13.7
50
157
16
QHNTCC5002X5
3.0
3.9
3.6
4.7
16.4
50
157
16
QHNTCC5003X0
4.0
5.2
4.8
6.3
21.9
50
157
16
QHNTCC5004X0
5.0
6.6
6.0
7.9
27.4
63.5
157
16
QHNTCC5005X0
6.0
7.9
7.2
9.4
32.9
75
165
8
QHNTCC5006X0
7.0
9.2
8.4
11.0
38.4
75
195
8
QHNTCC5007X0
7.5
9.8
9.0
11.8
41.1
75
195
8
QHNTCC5007X5
8.0
10.5
9.6
12.6
43.8
75
195
8
QHNTCC5008X0
10.0
13.1
12.0
15.7
54.8
75
195
8
QHNTCC5010X0
12.5
16.4
15.0
19.7
68.5
85
195
8
QHNTCC5012X5
15.0
19.7
18.0
23.6
82.2
85
270
4
QHNTCC5015X0
20.0
26.2
24.0
31.5
109.6
85
270
4
QHNTCC5020X0
25.0
32.8
30.0
39.4
137.0
85
345
4
QHNTCC5025X0
33
Reactive Power Solutions
Three phase power capacitor (Normal Duty)
KVAr
Current
(A)
Current
(A)
KVAr
50Hz
Capacitance
(3XµF)
D
(mm)
H
(mm)
Pack
Unit*
Product Code
60Hz
Rated Voltage 480 V AC
1.0
1.2
1.2
1.4
4.6
50
157
16
QHNTCD5001X0
2.0
2.4
2.4
2.9
9.2
50
157
16
QHNTCD5002X0
2.5
3.0
3.0
3.6
11.5
50
157
16
QHNTCD5002X5
3.0
3.6
3.6
4.3
13.8
50
157
16
QHNTCD5003X0
4.0
4.8
4.8
5.8
18.4
63.5
157
16
QHNTCD5004X0
5.0
6.0
6.0
7.2
23.0
63.5
157
16
QHNTCD5005X0
6.0
7.2
7.2
8.7
27.6
75
165
8
QHNTCD5006X0
7.0
8.4
8.4
10.1
32.2
75
195
8
QHNTCD5007X0
7.5
9.0
9.0
10.8
34.5
75
195
8
QHNTCD5007X5
8.0
9.6
9.6
11.5
36.8
75
195
8
QHNTCD5008X0
10.0
12.0
12.0
14.4
46.0
85
270
8
QHNTCD5010X0
12.5
15.0
15.0
18.0
57.6
85
270
8
QHNTCD5012X5
15.0
18.0
18.0
21.7
69.1
85
270
4
QHNTCD5015X0
20.0
24.1
24.0
28.9
92.1
90
270
4
QHNTCD5020X0
25.0
30.1
30.0
36.1
115.1
85
345
4
QHNTCD5025X0
30.0
36.1
36.0
43.3
138.1
90
345
4
QHNTCD5030X0
Rated Voltage 525 V AC
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
3.8
50
157
16
QHNTCF5001X0
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
7.7
50
157
16
QHNTCF5002X0
2.5
2.7
3.0
3.3
9.6
50
157
16
QHNTCF5002X5
3.0
3.3
3.6
4.0
11.5
50
157
16
QHNTCF5003X0
4.0
4.4
4.8
5.3
15.4
63.5
157
16
QHNTCF5004X0
5.0
5.5
6.0
6.6
19.2
63.5
157
16
QHNTCF5005X0
6.0
6.6
7.2
7.9
23.1
75
195
8
QHNTCF5006X0
7.0
7.7
8.4
9.2
26.9
75
195
8
QHNTCF5007X0
7.5
8.2
9.0
9.9
28.9
75
195
8
QHNTCF5007X5
8.0
8.8
9.6
10.6
30.8
75
195
8
QHNTCF5008X0
10.0
11.0
12.0
13.2
38.5
75
195
8
QHNTCF5010X0
12.5
13.7
15.0
16.5
48.1
85
195
8
QHNTCF5012X5
15.0
16.5
18.0
19.8
57.7
85
270
8
QHNTCF5015X0
20.0
22.0
24.0
26.4
77.0
85
270
4
QHNTCF5020X0
25.0
27.5
30.0
33.0
96.2
90
270
4
QHNTCF5025X0
*Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple thereof.
Note:
Customized products available upon request. Minimum Order Quantity 50 Nos.
All Hercules –type capacitors may be used for 60Hz, the output will be 1.2 times higher
Replace X with E for export orders.
34
Reactive Power Solutions
35
Reactive Power Solutions
Cylindrical PFC Capacitor
Phantom Three Phase PFC Capacitors (Heavy Duty)
Non PCB Soft Resin Impregnated • Stacked Winding • Tripple Safety System
General
Phantom capacitors are MPP (metalized polypropylene) capacitors from Havells which have been used for PFC applications for more
than 7 years. The power range varies from 1.0 to 25.0 KVAr. The Phantom capacitor is used for power factor correction in industrial
applications where some amount of harmonics are presents.
Applications
• Power Factor Correction (PFC) • Automatic capacitor banks • Fixed PFC applications, e.g. motor compensation
• Detuned PFC systems • Dynamic PFC systems • Filter Application
Features
• Compact design in cylindrical aluminum can with stud • Stacked winding • MPP technology • Voltage range 400 … 525 V
• Output range 1.0 … 25.0 KVAr
Electrical
• Long life expectancy of up to 130000 hours
• Max. transient inrush current handling capability is 250 x IR
Mechanical and maintenance
• Reduced mounting costs • Easy installation and connection • Low weight and compact volume • Maintenance-free
Safety
• Self-healing • Overpressure disconnector • Shock hazard protected optimized capacitor safety terminals above 6KVAr
36
Reactive Power Solutions
- Soft resin impregnated • Stacked winding • Tripple Safety System
Parameter
Unit
Power (Rated Capacitance)
Phantom
IS 13340 / IEC 60831
Reference Standard
Qn
1 – 25 KVAr
0 –10%
Tolerance
Delta
Connection
Rated voltage
VR
400 – 525
Rated Frequency
fR
50 / 60 Hz
Max. Permisible Voltage
Vmax.
VR + 10 % (up to 8 h daily)
VR + 15 % (up to 30 min daily)
VR + 20 % (up to 5 min daily) VR + 30 % (up to 1 min daily)
Max. Permisible Current
Imax.
Up to 1.3 x IR (up to 1.5 x IR incl.
combined effects of harmonics,
over voltages and capacitance)
Max. Transient Inrush Current Handling Capacity
IS
up to 250 x IR
AC Test Voltage Terminal to Terminal
VTT
2.15 x UN, 2 Sec.
Insulation Voltage Between Terminal & Container
VTC
3600 V AC, 2 Sec.
Max. Ratings
Test Data
Losses:
– Dielectric
< 0.2 W/KVAr
– Total*
< 0.4 W/KVAr
Climatic Category
C
Ambient Temperature
0
Max. humidity
Hrel
-25 / D; max. temp. 550 C; max mean 24h = 45 0C;
max. mean 1 year = 35 0C; lowest temp. = -25 0C
95%
4000 M above sea level
Max. Permisible Altitute
Design Data
Case Material / Shape
Aluminium / Cylindrical
Dimensions
According to Specification Table Page No. 39, 40
Dielectric
Polypropylene Film
Impregnation
Soft Resin
Threaded Bolt M8 / M12
Fixing
Max. Tourque for Fixing
Nm
4 Nm / 10 Nm
Mounting Position
Upright. Horizontal mounting with
additional head support Possible.
Terminals
Upto 5KVAr fast on and above clamp
Degree of Protection Safety
IP20 optional IP54
Max. Tourque for Connection Terminals (6 KVAr and above)
Nm
2.5 Nm
Safety
Mechnical Safety
Tear of fuses, overpressure disconnector
Discharge Device
Resister
Discharge Device Time
Sec.
≤60 Sec (50 V)
Cooling
Natural or Forced
Max. Switching Operations
Max. 5000 Nos. Per Year
Ordering Code
QHHTC*
Note:
1.
It should be noted that presence of harmonics produce over voltage & over current on capacitors. Resonance may cause serious damage to capacitor if a significant
level of total harmonic distortion level exists for voltage or current. In such cases, series reactors must be considered.
2.
Operating temperature class: In accordance with the reference standards, these temperatures are those measured on the surface on the capacitor.
* Without Discharge Resister
37
Reactive Power Solutions
Technical data, specifications & dimensional drawing of plastic top capacitor
series up to 5 KVAr
Diameter D (Ø)
50 / 63.5 / 68mm
Expansion µ
max. 12 mm
Mounting
M 12
M8
(Ø 63.5 mm / 68 mm)
(Ø 50 mm)
Torque
T = 10 Nm
T = 4 Nm
Toothed Washer
12.5
8.0
Hex nut
12
8
12+1
Technical data, specifications & dimensional drawing of Metal top capacitor series above 5 KVAr
Diameter D1 (Ø)
Diameter D (Ø)
79.5 mm / 89.5 mm / 94.5 mm
75.0 mm / 85.0 mm / 90 mm
Expansion µ
max. 13 mm
Mounting
M 12
Torque
T = 10 Nm
Toothed Washer
12.5
Hex nut
12
Terminal Cover for IP 54
38
Reactive Power Solutions
Three phase power capacitor (Heavy Duty)
KVAr
Current
(A)
KVAr
50Hz
Current
(A)
Capacitance
(3XµF)
D
(mm)
H
(mm)
Pack
Unit*
Product Code
60Hz
Rated Voltage 400 V AC
1
1.4
1.2
1.7
6.6
50
157
16
QHHTCQ5001X0
2
2.9
2.4
3.5
13.3
50
157
16
QHHTCQ5002X0
2.5
3.6
3
4.3
16.6
50
157
16
QHHTCQ5002X5
3
4.3
3.6
5.2
19.9
63.5
157
16
QHHTCQ5003X0
4
5.8
4.8
6.9
26.5
63.5
157
16
QHHTCQ5004X0
5
7.2
6
8.7
33.2
63.5
157
16
QHHTCQ5005X0
6
8.7
7.2
10.4
39.8
75
195
8
QHHTCQ5006X0
7
10.1
8.4
12.1
46.4
75
195
8
QHHTCQ5007X0
7.5
10.8
9
13
49.7
75
195
8
QHHTCQ5007X5
8.0
11.5
9.6
13.9
53.0
75
195
8
QHHTCQ5008X0
10
14.4
12
17.3
66.3
85
270
8
QHHTCQ5010X0
12.5
18
15
21.7
82.9
85
270
8
QHHTCQ5012X5
15
21.7
18
26
99.5
85
270
8
QHHTCQ5015X0
20
28.9
24
34.6
132.6
85
345
4
QHHTCQ5020X0
25
36.1
30
43.3
165.8
85
345
4
QHHTCQ5025X0
Rated Voltage 415 V AC
1
1.4
1.2
1.7
6.2
50
157
16
QHHTCB5001X0
2
2.8
2.4
3.3
12.3
50
157
16
QHHTCB5002X0
2.5
3.5
3
4.2
15.4
50
157
16
QHHTCB5002X5
3
4.2
3.6
5.0
18.5
63.5
157
16
QHHTCB5003X0
4
5.6
4.8
6.7
24.6
63.5
157
16
QHHTCB5004X0
5
7.0
6
8.3
30.8
63.5
157
16
QHHTCB5005X0
6
8.3
7.2
10.0
37.0
75
195
8
QHHTCB5006X0
7
9.7
8.4
11.7
43.1
75
195
8
QHHTCB5007X0
7.5
10.4
9
12.5
46.2
85
195
8
QHHTCB5007X5
8.0
11.1
9.6
13.4
49.3
85
195
8
QHHTCB5008X0
10
13.9
12
16.7
61.6
85
270
4
QHHTCB5010X0
12.5
17.4
15
20.9
77.0
85
270
4
QHHTCB5012X5
15
20.9
18
25.0
92.4
85
270
4
QHHTCB5015X0
20
27.8
24
33.4
123.2
85
345
4
QHHTCB5020X0
25
34.8
30.0
41.7
154.0
85
345
4
QHHTCB5025X0
Rated Voltage 440 V AC
1
1.3
1.2
1.6
5.5
50
157
16
QHHTCC5001X0
2
2.6
2.4
3.1
11.0
50
157
16
QHHTCC5002X0
2.5
3.3
3
3.9
13.7
50
157
16
QHHTCC5002X5
3
3.9
3.6
4.7
16.4
63.5
157
16
QHHTCC5003X0
4
5.2
4.8
6.3
21.9
63.5
157
16
QHHTCC5004X0
5
6.6
6
7.9
27.4
68
157
16
QHHTCC5005X0
6
7.9
7.2
9.4
32.9
75
195
8
QHHTCC5006X0
7
9.2
8.4
11.0
38.4
75
195
8
QHHTCC5007X0
7.5
9.8
9
11.8
41.1
75
195
8
QHHTCC5007X5
8.0
10.5
9.6
12.6
43.8
75
195
8
QHHTCC5008X0
10
13.1
12
15.7
54.8
85
270
8
QHHTCC5010X0
12.5
16.4
15
19.7
68.5
85
270
4
QHHTCC5012X5
15
19.7
18
23.6
82.2
85
270
4
QHHTCC5015X0
20
26.2
24
31.5
109.6
85
345
4
QHHTCC5020X0
25
32.8
30.0
39.4
137.0
90
345
4
QHHTCC5025X0
39
Reactive Power Solutions
Three phase power capacitor (heavy duty)
KVAr
Current
(A)
KVAr
50Hz
Current
(A)
Capacitance
(3XµF)
D
(mm)
H
(mm)
Pack
Unit*
Product Code
4.6
50
157
16
QHHTCD5001X0
60Hz
Rated Voltage 480 V AC
1
1.2
1.2
1.4
2
2.4
2.4
2.9
9.2
50
157
16
QHHTCD5002X0
2.5
3.0
3
3.6
11.5
50
157
16
QHHTCD5002X5
3
3.6
3.6
4.3
13.8
63.5
157
16
QHHTCD5003X0
4
4.8
4.8
5.8
18.4
63.5
157
16
QHHTCD5004X0
5
6.0
6
7.2
23.0
68
157
16
QHHTCD5005X0
6
7.2
7.2
8.7
27.6
75
195
8
QHHTCD5006X0
7
8.4
8.4
10.1
32.2
75
195
8
QHHTCD5007X0
7.5
9.0
9
10.8
34.5
75
195
8
QHHTCD5007X5
8.0
9.6
9.6
11.5
36.8
75
195
8
QHHTCD5008X0
10
12.0
12
14.4
46.0
85
270
8
QHHTCD5010X0
12.5
15.0
15
18.0
57.6
85
270
4
QHHTCD5012X5
15
18.0
18
21.7
69.1
85
270
4
QHHTCD5015X0
20
24.1
24
28.9
92.1
85
345
4
QHHTCD5020X0
25
30.1
30.0
36.1
115.1
90
345
4
QHHTCD5025X0
Rated Voltage 525 V AC
1
1.1
1.2
1.3
3.8
50
157
16
QHHTCF5001X0
2
2.2
2.4
2.6
7.7
50
157
16
QHHTCF5002X0
2.5
2.7
3
3.3
9.6
50
157
16
QHHTCF5002X5
3
3.3
3.6
4.0
11.5
63.5
157
16
QHHTCF5003X0
4
4.4
4.8
5.3
15.4
63.5
157
16
QHHTCF5004X0
5
5.5
6
6.6
19.2
63.5
187
16
QHHTCF5005X0
6
6.6
7.2
7.9
23.1
75
195
8
QHHTCF5006X0
7
7.7
8.4
9.2
26.9
75
195
8
QHHTCF5007X0
7.5
8.2
9
9.9
28.9
75
195
8
QHHTCF5007X5
8.0
8.8
9.6
10.6
30.8
85
195
8
QHHTCF5008X0
10
11.0
12
13.2
38.5
85
270
8
QHHTCF5010X0
12.5
13.7
15
16.5
48.1
85
270
4
QHHTCF5012X5
15
16.5
18
19.8
57.7
85
270
4
QHHTCF5015X0
20
22.0
24
26.4
77.0
90
270
4
QHHTCF5020X0
25
27.5
30.0
33.0
96.2
90
345
4
QHHTCF5025X0
*Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple thereof.
Note:
Customized products available upon request. Minimum Order Quantity 50 Nos.
All Phantom – Type capacitors may be used for 60Hz, the output will be 1.2 times higher
Replace X with E for export orders.
40
Reactive Power Solutions
41
Reactive Power Solutions
Cylindrical PFC Capacitor
Agri Boost Three Phase PFC Capacitors
Non PCB Soft Resin Impregnated • Stacked Winding • Tripple Safety System
General
Agri Boost capacitors are MPP (metalized polypropylene) capacitors from Havells which have been used for PFC
applications for more than 7 years. The power range varies from 1.0 to 15.0 KVAr.
The Agri Boost capacitor is used for power factor correction.
Applications
• Agriculture Use
Features
• Compact design in cylindrical aluminum can with stud • Stacked winding • MPP technology • Voltage range 415 V
• Output range 1.0 … 15.0 KVAr
Electrical
• Long life expectancy of up to 100000 hours • Max. transient inrush current handling capability is 200 x IR
Mechanical and maintenance
• Reduced mounting costs • Easy installation and connection • Low weight and compact volume • Maintenance-free
42
Reactive Power Solutions
- Soft resin impregnated • Stacked winding • Tripple Safety System
Parameter
Unit
IS 13340
Reference Standard
Power (Rated Capacitance)
Agri Boost
Qn
1 – 15 KVAr
Tolerance
0 –10%
Connection
Delta
Rated voltage
VR
415 – 440
Rated Frequency
fR
50 / 60 Hz
Max. Permisible Voltage
Vmax.
VR + 10 % (up to 8 h daily)
VR + 15 % (up to 30 min daily)
VR + 20 % (up to 5 min daily) VR + 30 % (up to 1 min daily)
Max. Permisible Current
Imax.
Up to 1.3 x IR (up to 1.5 x IR incl.
combined effects of harmonics,
over voltages and capacitance)
Max. Transient Inrush Current Handling Capacity
IS
up to 200 x IR
AC Test Voltage Terminal to Terminal
VTT
1.75 x UN, 2 Sec.
Insulation Voltage Between Terminal & Container
VTC
3600 V AC, 2 Sec.
Max. Ratings
Test Data
Losses:
– Dielectric
< 0.2 W/KVAr
– Total
< 0.4 W/KVAr
Climatic Category
C
Ambient Temperature
0
Max. humidity
Hrel
95%
4000 M above sea level
Max. Permisible Altitute
Mean Life Expectancy
-25 / D; max. temp. 550 C; max mean 24h = 45 0C;
max. mean 1 year = 35 0C; lowest temp. = -25 0C
tLD (co)
100000 Hrs
Design Data
Case Material / Shape
Aluminium / Cylindrical
Dimensions
According to Specification Table Page No. 44
Dielectric
Polypropylene Film
Impregnation
Soft Resin
Fixing
Threaded Bolt M8 / M12
Mounting Position
Upright. Horizontal mounting with
additional head support Possible.
Terminals
Wire Terminal
Degree of Protection Safety
IP54
Max. Tourque for Connection Terminals (6 KVAr and above)
Nm
Safety
Mechnical Safety
Tear of fuses, overpressure disconnector
Discharge Device
Resister
Discharge Device Time
Sec.
≤60 Sec (50 V)
Cooling
Natural or Forced
Max. Switching Operations
Max. 5000 Nos. Per Year
Ordering Code
QHATC*
Note:
1.
It should be noted that presence of harmonics produce over voltage & over current on capacitors. Resonance may cause serious damage to capacitor if a significant
level of total harmonic distortion level exists for voltage or current. In such cases, series reactors must be considered.
2.
Operating temperature class: In accordance with the reference standards, these temperatures are those measured on the surface on the capacitor.
43
Reactive Power Solutions
Three phase power capacitor
KVAr
Current
(A)
KVAr
50Hz
Current
(A)
Capacitance
(3XµF)
D
(mm)
H
(mm)
Pack
Unit*
Product Code
60Hz
Rated Voltage 415 V AC (Normal Duty)
1
1.4
1.2
1.7
6.2
40
157
16
QHATCB5001X0
2
2.8
2.4
3.3
12.3
40
157
16
QHATCB5002X0
3
4.2
3.6
5
18.5
50
157
16
QHATCB5003X0
4
5.6
4.8
6.7
24.6
50
157
16
QHATCB5004X0
5
7
6
8.3
30.8
50
157
16
QHATCB5005X0
6
8.3
7.2
10
37
63.5
157
16
QHATCB5006X0
7
9.7
8.4
11.7
43.1
63.5
157
16
QHATCB5007X0
7.5
10.4
9
12.5
46.2
63.5
157
16
QHATCB5007X5
8
11.1
9.6
13.4
49.3
63.5
157
16
QHATCB5008X0
10
13.9
12
16.7
61.6
68
192
16
QHATCB5010X0
12.5
17.4
15
20.9
77
85
192
8
QHATCB5012X5
15
20.9
18
25
92.4
85
192
8
QHATCB5015X0
1.2
1.7
6.2
157
16
QHITCB5001X0
Rated Voltage 415 V AC (Heavy Duty)
1
1.4
40
2
2.8
2.4
3.3
12.3
50
157
16
QHITCB5002X0
3
4.2
3.6
5
18.5
63.5
157
16
QHITCB5003X0
4
5.6
4.8
6.7
24.6
63.5
157
16
QHITCB5004X0
5
7
6
8.3
30.8
68
157
16
QHITCB5005X0
6
8.3
7.2
10
37
63
192
16
QHITCB5006X0
7
9.7
8.4
11.7
43.1
68
192
16
QHITCB5007X0
7.5
10.4
9
12.5
46.2
68
192
16
QHITCB5007X5
8
11.1
9.6
13.4
49.3
75
192
8
QHITCB5008X0
10
13.9
12
16.7
61.6
85
192
8
QHITCB5010X0
12.5
17.4
15
20.9
77
85
270
4
QHITCB5012X5
15
20.9
18
25
92.4
85
270
4
QHITCB5015X0
*Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple thereof.
Note:
Customized products available upon request. Minimum Order Quantity 50 Nos.
All Agri Boost – Type capacitors may be used for 60Hz, the output will be 1.2 times higher
44
Reactive Power Solutions
Havells easy way to perform energy consumption studies –
Harmonic Analysis
For finding energy waste in commercial, factory buildings and equipment through energy consumption studies and electrical load analysis
and perform power quality logging and analysis according to IEEE 519 – 1992 IEEE Recommended Practices & Requirements for
Harmonic Control in Electrical Power System.
Electronic equipment study measures virtually every power system parameter: voltage, current, frequency, power, energy consumption,
cos f or power factor, unbalance, and harmonics and inter-harmonics.
Load studies and energy assessments
• Monitor maximum power demand over user-defined averaging
•
•
•
•
•
periods
Demonstrate the benefit of efficiency improvements with
energy consumption tests
Measure harmonic distortion caused by electronic loads
Analyze reliability problems by capturing voltage dips and
swells from load switching
Showcase events like dips and swells, interruptions and rapid
voltage changes, based upon ½ cycle rms values.
Meets the stringent 600 V CAT IV, 1000 V CAT III safety
standard required for measurements at service entrance
Analyze every parameter on display
The System-Monitor overview screen gives instant
insight into whether the voltage, harmonics, frequency,
and the number of dips and swells fall outside the set
limits.provides analysis of user-selectable parameters to
find intermittent problems or relate PQ issues to other
phenomena/events.
Measure and record power (W), VA and VARs.
customize measurement selections and provides analysis of
user-selectable parameters to find intermittent problems or
relate PQ issues to other phenomena/events.
Graph shows voltage and current unbalance, and helps
verify connections
For queries & price offer on harmonic analysis, please e-mail: marketing@havells.com or contact our nearest sales offices.
45
Reactive Power Solutions
Square Cap PFC Capacitor
Mini Master / Master Three Phase PFC Capacitors (Normal Duty)
Non PCB Soft Resin Impregnated • Modular Construction • Tripple Safety System
General
Mini Master / Master capacitors are MPP (metalized polypropylene) capacitors from Havells which have been used for PFC
applications for more than 7 years. The power range varies from 1.0 to 30.0 KVAr.
The Mini Master / Master capacitor is used for power factor correction in industrial applications.
Applications
• Power Factor Correction (PFC) • Automatic capacitor banks • Fixed PFC applications, e.g. motor compensation
• Detuned PFC systems • Dynamic PFC systems • Filter Application
Features
• Compact design in powder coated MS enclosure with base mounting facility • Modular Construction • MPP technology
• Voltage range 400 … 525 V • Output range 1.0 … 100.0 KVAr
Electrical
• Long life expectancy of up to 100000 hours • Max. transient inrush current handling capability is 200 x IR
Mechanical and maintenance
• Reduced mounting costs • Easy installation and connection • Low weight and compact volume • Maintenance-free
Safety
• Self-healing shield • Overpressure disconnector shield • Notch shield
46
Reactive Power Solutions
Square PFC capacitor series for power factor correction
Parameter
Unit
IS 13340 / IEC 60831
Reference Standard
Power (Rated Capacitance)
Mini Master / Master
Qn
1 – 100 KVAr
Tolerance
0 – 10%
Connection
Delta
Rated voltage
VR
400 – 525
Rated Frequency
fR
50 / 60 Hz
Max. Permisible Voltage
Vmax.
VR + 10 % (up to 8 h daily)
VR + 15 % (up to 30 min daily)
VR + 20 % (up to 5 min daily) VR + 30 % (up to 1 min daily)
Max. Permisible Current
Imax.
Up to 1.3 x IR (up to 1.5 x IR incl. combined
effects of harmonics, over voltages and
capacitance)
Max. Transient Inrush Current Handling Capacity
IS
up to 200 x IR
AC Test Voltage Terminal to Terminal
VTT
2.15 x UN, 2 Sec.
Insulation Voltage Between Terminal & Container
VTC
3600 V AC, 2 Sec.
Max. Ratings
Test Data
Losses:
– Dielectric
< 0.2 W/KVAr
– Total*
< 0.4 W/KVAr
Climatic Category
Ambient Temperature
0
C
-25 / D; max. temp. 550 C; max mean 24h = 45 0C;
max. mean 1 year = 35 0C; lowest temp. = -25 0C
Max. humidity
Hrel
95%
Max. 4000 M above sea level
Permisible Altitute
Mean Life Expectancy
tLD (co)
100000 Hrs
Design Data
Case Material / Shape
Powder Coated, Fabricated Sheet Metal
/ Rectangular
Dimensions
According to Specification Table Page No. 48, 49
Dielectric
Polypropylene Film
Impregnation
Soft Resin
Fixing
Base Mounting
Mounting Position
Upright
Degree of Protection Safety
IP41 Fabricated sheet metal
Safety
Mechnical Safety
Tear of fuses, overpressure disconnector
Discharge Device
Resister
Discharge Device Time
Sec.
≤60 Sec (50 V)
Cooling
Natural or Forced
Max. Switching Operations
Max. 5000 Nos. Per Year
Ordering Code
QHNTM*
Note:
1.
It should be noted that presence of harmonics produce over voltage & over current on capacitors. Resonance may cause serious damage to capacitor if a significant
level of total harmonic distortion level exists for voltage or current. In such cases, series reactors must be considered.
2.
Operating temperature class: In accordance with the reference standards, these temperatures are those measured on the surface on the capacitor.
* Without Discharge Resister
47
Reactive Power Solutions
Technical Data, Specifications & Dimensional Drawing
H
A2
D
A1
A3
Dimensions in (mm)
Frame Size
A1
A2
A3
D
H
B00
120
132
144
50
180
B0
155
167
179
60
225
B1
195
217
239
75
290
B2
220
242
264
80
290
B3
220
242
264
160
300
K
H
A1
D
A2
A3
Dimensions in (mm)
KVAr
Bank Rating
A1
A2
A3
D
H
K
50
25 X 2 nos
220
242
264
320
325
410
75
25 X 3 nos
220
242
264
480
325
570
100
25 X 4 nos
220
242
264
640
390
725
48
Reactive Power Solutions
Three phase power capacitor (Normal Duty)
KVAr
Current
(A)
KVAr
50Hz
Current
(A)
Capacitance
(3XµF)
Frame Size
Pack
Unit*
Product Code
60Hz
Rated Voltage 415 V AC
1
1.4
1.2
1.7
6.2
B00
30
QHNTMB5001X0
2
2.8
2.4
3.3
12.3
B00
30
QHNTMB5002X0
3
4.2
3.6
5
18.5
B0
24
QHNTMB5003X0
4
5.6
4.8
6.7
24.6
B0
24
QHNTMB5004X0
5
7
6
8.3
30.8
B0
24
QHNTMB5005X0
6
8.3
7.2
10
37
B1
1
QHNTMB5006X0
7
9.7
8.4
11.7
43.1
B1
1
QHNTMB5007X0
7.5
10.4
9
12.5
46.2
B1
1
QHNTMB5007X5
8
11.1
9.6
13.4
49.3
B1
1
QHNTMB5008X0
10
13.9
12
16.7
61.6
B1
1
QHNTMB5010X0
12.5
17.4
15
20.9
77
B2
1
QHNTMB5012X5
15
20.9
18
25
92.4
B2
1
QHNTMB5015X0
20
27.8
24
33.4
(2 X 61.6)
B3
1
QHNTMB5020X0
25
34.8
30
41.7
(2 X 77.0)
B3
1
QHNTMB5025X0
30
41.7
36
50.1
(2 X 92.4)
B3
1
QHNTCB5030X0
50
69.6
60
83.5
(4 X 77.0)
25 X 2 NOS**
1
QHNTMB5050X0
75
104.3
90
125.2
(6 X 77.0)
25 X 3 NOS**
1
QHNTMB5075X0
100
139.1
120
166.9
(8 X 77.0)
25 X 4 NOS**
1
QHNTMB5100X0
Rated Voltage 440 V AC
1
1.3
1.2
1.6
5.5
B00
30
QHNTMC5001X0
2
2.6
2.4
3.1
11
B00
30
QHNTMC5002X0
3
3.9
3.6
4.7
16.4
B0
24
QHNTMC5003X0
4
5.2
4.8
6.3
21.9
B0
24
QHNTMC5004X0
5
6.6
6
7.9
27.4
B0
24
QHNTMC5005X0
6
7.9
7.2
9.4
32.9
B1
1
QHNTMC5006X0
7
9.2
8.4
11
38.4
B1
1
QHNTMC5007X0
7.5
9.8
9
11.8
41.1
B1
1
QHNTMC5007X5
8
10.5
9.6
12.6
43.8
B1
1
QHNTMC5008X0
10
13.1
12
15.7
54.8
B1
1
QHNTMC5010X0
12.5
16.4
15
19.7
68.5
B2
1
QHNTMC5012X5
15
19.7
18
23.6
82.2
B2
1
QHNTMC5015X0
20
26.2
24
31.5
(2 X 54.8)
B3
1
QHNTMC5020X0
25
32.8
30
39.4
(2 X 68.5)
B3
1
QHNTMC5025X0
30
39.4
36
47.2
(2 X 82.2)
B3
1
QHNTMC5030X0
50
65.6
60
78.7
(4 X 68.5)
25 X 2 NOS**
1
QHNTMC5050X0
75
98.4
90
118.1
(6 X 68.5)
25 X 3 NOS**
1
QHNTMC5075X0
100
131.2
120
157.5
(8 X 68.5)
25 X 4 NOS**
1
QHNTMC5100X0
*Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple thereof.
Note:
QHNTW is with wire terminal & QHNTM is with bolt terminal.
Customized products available upon request. Minimum Order Quantity 50 Nos.
All Minimaster & Master – Type capacitors may be used for 60Hz, the output will be 1.2 times higher
49
Reactive Power Solutions
CHAMP
Square Cap PFC Capacitor
Master Plus Three Phase PFC Capacitors (Heavy Duty)
Non PCB Soft Resin Impregnated • Modular Construction • Tripple Safety System
General
Master Plus capacitors are MPP (metalized polypropylene) capacitors from Havells which have been used for PFC applications for
more than 7 years. The power range varies from 1.0 to 100.0 KVAr.
The Master Plus capacitor is used for power factor correction in industrial applications.
Applications
• Power Factor Correction (PFC) • Automatic capacitor banks • Fixed PFC applications, e.g. motor compensation
• Detuned PFC systems • Dynamic PFC systems • Filter Application
Features
• Compact design in powder coated MS enclosure with base mounting facility • Modular Construction • MPP technology
• Voltage range 400 … 525 V • Output range 1.0 … 100.0 KVAr
Electrical
• Long life expectancy of up to 130000 hours • Max. transient inrush current handling capability is 250 x IR
• Reduced mounting costs • Easy installation and connection • Low weight and compact volume
• Maintenance-free
Safety
• Self-healing shield • Overpressure disconnector shield • Notch shield
50
Reactive Power Solutions
CHAMP Square PFC capacitor series for power factor correction
Parameter
Unit
IS 13340 / IEC 60831
Reference Standard
Power (Rated Capacitance)
Master Plus
Qn
1 – 100 KVAr
Tolerance
0 – 10%
Connection
Delta
Rated voltage
VR
400 – 525
Rated Frequency
fR
50 / 60 Hz
Max. Permisible Voltage
Vmax.
VR + 10 % (up to 8 h daily)
VR + 15 % (up to 30 min daily)
VR + 20 % (up to 5 min daily) VR + 30 % (up to 1 min daily)
Max. Permisible Current
Imax.
Up to 1.3 x IR (up to 1.5 x IR incl. combined effects of
harmonics, over voltages and capacitance)
Max. Transient Inrush Current Handling Capacity
IS
up to 250 x IR
AC Test Voltage Terminal to Terminal
VTT
2.15 x UN, 2 Sec.
Insulation Voltage Between Terminal & Container
VTC
3600 V AC, 2 Sec.
Max. Ratings
Test Data
Losses:
– Dielectric
< 0.2 W/KVAr
– Total*
< 0.4 W/KVAr
Climatic Category
Ambient Temperature
0
C
-25 / D; max. temp. 550 C; max mean 24h = 45 0C;
max. mean 1 year = 35 0C; lowest temp. = -25 0C
Max. humidity
Hrel
95%
Max. 4000 M above sea level
Permisible Altitute
Design Data
Case Material / Shape
Powder Coated, Fabricated Sheet Metal / Rectangular
Dimensions
According to Specification Table Page No. 52, 53
Dielectric
Polypropylene Film
Impregnation
Soft Resin
Fixing
Base Mounting
Mounting Position
Upright
Degree of Protection Safety
IP41 Fabricated sheet metal
Safety
Mechnical Safety
Tear of fuses, overpressure disconnector
Discharge Device
Resister
Discharge Device Time
Sec.
≤60 Sec (50 V)
Cooling
Natural or Forced
Max. Switching Operations
Max. 5000 Nos. Per Year
Ordering Code
QHHTM*
Note:
1.
It should be noted that presence of harmonics produce over voltage & over current on capacitors. Resonance may cause serious damage to capacitor if a significant
level of total harmonic distortion level exists for voltage or current. In such cases, series reactors must be considered.
2.
Operating temperature class: In accordance with the reference standards, these temperatures are those measured on the surface on the capacitor.
* Without Discharge Resister
51
Reactive Power Solutions
CHAMP
Technical Data, Specifications & Dimensional Drawing
H
A2
D
A1
A3
Dimensions in (mm)
Frame Size
A1
A2
A3
D
H
B00
120
132
144
50
180
B0
155
167
179
60
225
B1
195
217
239
75
290
B2
220
242
264
80
290
B3
220
242
264
160
300
K
H
A1
D
A2
A3
Dimensions in (mm)
KVAr
Bank Rating
A1
A2
A3
D
H
K
50
25 X 2 nos
220
242
264
320
325
410
75
25 X 3 nos
220
242
264
480
325
570
100
25 X 4 nos
220
242
264
640
390
725
52
Reactive Power Solutions
CHAMP
Three phase power capacitor (Heavy Duty)
KVAr
Current
(A)
KVAr
50Hz
Current
(A)
Capacitance
(3XµF)
Frame Size
Pack
Unit*
Product Code
60Hz
Rated Voltage 415 V AC
1
1.4
1.2
1.7
6.2
B00
30
QHHTMB5001X0
2
2.8
2.4
3.3
12.3
B00
30
QHHTMB5002X0
3
4.2
3.6
5
18.5
B0
24
QHHTMB5003X0
4
5.6
4.8
6.7
24.6
B0
24
QHHTMB5004X0
5
7
6
8.3
30.8
B1
24
QHHTMB5005X0
6
8.3
7.2
10
37
B1
1
QHHTMB5006X0
7
9.7
8.4
11.7
43.1
B1
1
QHHTMB5007X0
7.5
10.4
9
12.5
46.2
B1
1
QHHTMB5007X5
8
11.1
9.6
13.4
49.3
B1
1
QHHTMB5008X0
10
13.9
12
16.7
61.6
B2
1
QHHTMB5010X0
12.5
17.4
15
20.9
77
B2
1
QHHTMB5012X5
15
20.9
18
25
92.4
B2
1
QHHTMB5015X0
20
27.8
24
33.4
(2 X 61.6)
B3
1
QHHTMB5020X0
25
34.8
30
41.7
(2 X 77.0)
B3
1
QHHTMB5025X0
30
41.7
36
50.1
(2 X 92.4)
B3
1
QHHTCB5030X0
50
69.6
60
83.5
(4 X 77.0)
25 X 2 NOS**
1
QHHTMB5050X0
75
104.3
90
125.2
(6 X 77.0)
25 X 3 NOS**
1
QHHTMB5075X0
100
139.1
120
166.9
(8 X 77.0)
25 X 4 NOS**
1
QHHTMB5100X0
Rated Voltage 440 V AC
1
1.3
1.2
1.6
5.5
B00
30
QHHTMC5001X0
2
2.6
2.4
3.1
11
B00
30
QHHTMC5002X0
3
3.9
3.6
4.7
16.4
B0
24
QHHTMC5003X0
4
5.2
4.8
6.3
21.9
B0
24
QHHTMC5004X0
5
6.6
6
7.9
27.4
B1
24
QHHTMC5005X0
6
7.9
7.2
9.4
32.9
B1
1
QHHTMC5006X0
7
9.2
8.4
11
38.4
B1
1
QHHTMC5007X0
7.5
9.8
9
11.8
41.1
B1
1
QHHTMC5007X5
8
10.5
9.6
12.6
43.8
B1
1
QHHTMC5008X0
10
13.1
12
15.7
54.8
B2
1
QHHTMC5010X0
12.5
16.4
15
19.7
68.5
B2
1
QHHTMC5012X5
15
19.7
18
23.6
82.2
B2
1
QHHTMC5015X0
20
26.2
24
31.5
(2 X 54.8)
B3
1
QHHTMC5020X0
25
32.8
30
39.4
(2 X 68.5)
B3
1
QHHTMC5025X0
30
39.4
36
47.2
(2 X 82.2)
B3
1
QHHTMC5030X0
50
65.6
60
78.7
(4 X 68.5)
25 X 2 NOS**
1
QHHTMC5050X0
75
98.4
90
118.1
(6 X 68.5)
25 X 3 NOS**
1
QHHTMC5075X0
100
131.2
120
157.5
(8 X 68.5)
25 X 4 NOS**
1
QHHTMC5100X0
*Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple thereof.
Note:
Customized products available upon request. Minimum Order Quantity 50 Nos.
All Master Plus – Type capacitors may be used for 60Hz, the output will be 1.2 times higher
53
Reactive Power Solutions
Square Cap PFC Capacitor
Champion Three Phase PFC Capacitors
(Super Heavy Duty-Double Dielectric)
Soft Resin Impregnated • Modular Construction • Tripple Safety System
General
Champion capacitors are MPP (metalized polypropylene) capacitors from Havells which have been used for PFC applications for more
than 7 years. The power range varies from 1.0 to 100.0 KVAr.
The Champion capacitor is used for power factor correction in industrial applications.
Applications
• Power Factor Correction (PFC) • Automatic capacitor banks • Fixed PFC applications, e.g. motor compensation
• Detuned PFC systems • Dynamic PFC systems• Filter Application
Features
• Compact design in square MS enclosure with base mounting facility • Modular Construction • MPP technology
• Double Dielectric • Voltage range 400 … 525 V • Output range 1.0 … 100.0 KVAr
Electrical
• Long life expectancy of up to 180000 hours • Max. transient inrush current handling capability is 300 x IR
Mechanical and maintenance
• Reduced mounting costs • Easy installation and connection • Low weight and compact volume
• Maintenance-free
Safety
• Self-healing shield • Overpressure disconnector shield • Notch shield
54
Reactive Power Solutions
Square PFC capacitor series for power factor correction (Super heavy duty)
Parameter
Unit
IS 13340 / IEC 60831
Reference Standard
Power (Rated Capacitance)
Champion
Qn
1 – 100 KVAr
Tolerance
0 – 10%
Connection
Delta
Rated voltage
VR
400 – 525
Rated Frequency
fR
50 / 60 Hz
Max. Permisible Voltage
Vmax.
VR + 10 % (up to 8 h daily)
VR + 15 % (up to 30 min daily)
VR + 20 % (up to 5 min daily) VR + 30 % (up to 1 min daily)
Max. Permisible Current
Imax.
Up to 1.3 x IR (up to 1.5 x IR incl. combined effects of
harmonics, over voltages and capacitance)
Max. Transient Inrush Current Handling Capacity
IS
up to 300 x IR
AC Test Voltage Terminal to Terminal
VTT
2.15 x UN, 2 Sec.
Insulation Voltage Between Terminal & Container
VTC
3600 V AC, 2 Sec.
Max. Ratings
Test Data
Losses:
– Dielectric
< 0.2 W/KVAr
– Total*
< 0.45 W/KVAr
Climatic Category
Ambient Temperature
0
C
-25 / D; max. temp. 550 C; max mean 24h = 45 0C;
max. mean 1 year = 35 0C; lowest temp. = -25 0C
Max. humidity
Hrel
95%
tLD (co)
180000 Hrs
Max. 4000 M above sea level
Permisible Altitute
Mean Life Expectancy
Design Data
Case Material / Shape
Powder Coated, Fabricated Sheet Metal / Rectangular
Dimensions
According to Specification Table Page No. 56, 57
Dielectric
Polypropylene Film
Impregnation
Soft Resin
Fixing
Base Mounting
Mounting Position
Upright
Degree of Protection Safety
IP41 Fabricated sheet metal
Safety
Mechnical Safety
Tear of fuses, overpressure disconnector
Discharge Device
Resister
Discharge Device Time
Sec.
≤60 Sec (50 V)
Cooling
Natural or Forced
Max. Switching Operations
Max. 5000 Nos. Per Year
Ordering Code
QHSTM*
Note:
1.
It should be noted that presence of harmonics produce over voltage & over current on capacitors. Resonance may cause serious damage to capacitor if a significant
level of total harmonic distortion level exists for voltage or current. In such cases, series reactors must be considered.
2.
Operating temperature class: In accordance with the reference standards, these temperatures are those measured on the surface on the capacitor.
* Without Discharge Resister
55
Reactive Power Solutions
Technical Data, Specifications & Dimensional Drawing
H
A2
D
A1
A3
Dimensions in (mm)
Frame Size
A1
A2
A3
D
H
B0
155
167
179
60
225
B1
195
217
239
75
290
B2
220
242
264
80
290
B4
220
242
264
80
390
B5
220
242
264
160
400
K
H
A1
D
A2
A3
Dimensions in (mm)
KVAr
Bank Rating
A1
A2
A3
D
H
K
50
25 X 2 nos
220
242
264
320
425
410
75
25 X 3 nos
220
242
264
480
425
570
100
25 X 4 nos
220
242
264
640
490
725
56
Reactive Power Solutions
Three phase power capacitor (super heavy duty)
KVAr
Current
(A)
KVAr
50Hz
Current
(A)
Capacitance
(3XµF)
Frame Size
Pack
Unit*
Product Code
60Hz
Rated Voltage 415 V AC
1
1.4
1.2
1.7
6.2
B1
1
QHSTMB5001X0
2
2.8
2.4
3.3
12.3
B1
1
QHSTMB5002X0
3
4.2
3.6
5
18.5
B2
1
QHSTMB5003X0
4
5.6
4.8
6.7
24.6
B2
1
QHSTMB5004X0
5
7
6
8.3
30.8
B2
1
QHSTMB5005X0
6
8.3
7.2
10
37
B4
1
QHSTMB5006X0
7
9.7
8.4
11.7
43.1
B4
1
QHSTMB5007X0
7.5
10.4
9
12.5
46.2
B4
1
QHSTMB5007X5
8
11.1
9.6
13.4
49.3
B4
1
QHSTMB5008X0
10
13.9
12
16.7
61.6
B4
1
QHSTMB5010X0
12.5
17.4
15
20.9
77
B4
1
QHSTMB5012X5
15
20.9
18
25
(2 X46.2)
B5
1
QHSTMB5015X0
20
27.8
24
33.4
(2 X 61.6)
B5
1
QHSTMB5020X0
25
34.8
30
41.7
(2 X 77.0)
B5
1
QHSTMB5025X0
30
41.7
36
50.1
(4 X 46.2)
15 X 2 NOS*
1
QHSTCB5030X0
50
69.6
60
83.5
(4 X 77.0)
25 X 2 NOS*
1
QHSTMB5050X0
75
104.3
90
125.2
(6 X 77.0)
25 X 3 NOS*
1
QHSTMB5075X0
100
139.1
120
166.9
(8 X 77.0)
25 X 4 NOS*
1
QHSTMB5100X0
Rated Voltage 440 V AC
1
1.3
1.2
1.6
5.5
B1
1
QHSTMC5001X0
2
2.6
2.4
3.1
11
B1
1
QHSTMC5002X0
3
3.9
3.6
4.7
16.4
B2
1
QHSTMC5003X0
4
5.2
4.8
6.3
21.9
B2
1
QHSTMC5004X0
5
6.6
6
7.9
27.4
B2
1
QHSTMC5005X0
6
7.9
7.2
9.4
32.9
B4
1
QHSTMC5006X0
7
9.2
8.4
11
38.4
B4
1
QHSTMC5007X0
7.5
9.8
9
11.8
41.1
B4
1
QHSTMC5007X5
8
10.5
9.6
12.6
43.8
B4
1
QHSTMC5008X0
10
13.1
12
15.7
54.8
B4
1
QHSTMC5010X0
12.5
16.4
15
19.7
68.5
B4
1
QHSTMC5012X5
15
19.7
18
23.6
(2 X 41.1)
B5
1
QHSTMC5015X0
20
26.2
24
31.5
(2 X 54.8)
B5
1
QHSTMC5020X0
25
32.8
30
39.4
(2 X 68.5)
B5
1
QHSTMC5025X0
30
39.4
36
47.2
(4 X 41.1)
15 X 2 NOS*
1
QHSTMC5030X0
50
65.6
60
78.7
(4 X 68.5)
25 X 2 NOS*
1
QHSTMC5050X0
75
98.4
90
118.1
(6 X 68.5)
25 X 3 NOS*
1
QHSTMC5075X0
100
131.2
120
157.5
(8 X 68.5)
25 X 4 NOS*
1
QHSTMC5100X0
*Packing units for capacitors equal minimum order quantity. Orders will be rounded up to packing unit or multiple thereof.
Note:
Customized products available upon request. Minimum Order Quantity 50 Nos.
All Master Plus – Type capacitors may be used for 60Hz, the output will be 1.2 times higher
57
Reactive Power Solutions
Anti-Resonance Harmonic Filter
General
The increasing use of modern power electronic apparatus (drives, uninterruptible power supplies, etc) produces nonlinear current and
thus influences and loads the network with harmonics (line pollution). The power factor correction or capacitance of the power capacitor
forms a resonant circuit in conjunction with the feeding transformer. Experience shows that the selfresonant frequency of this circuit is
typically between 250 and 500 Hz, i.e. in the region of the 5th and 7th harmonics.
Such a resonance although can lead to the following undesirable effects:
• Overloading of capacitors
• Overloading of transformers and transmission equipment
• Interference with metering and control systems, computers and electrical gear
• Resonance elevation, i.e. amplification of harmonics
• Voltage distortion.
These resonance phenomena can be avoided by connecting capacitors in series with filter reactors in the PFC system. These so called
“detuned” PFC systems are scaled. in a way that the self-resonant frequency is below the lowest line harmonic. The detuned PFC system
is purely inductive seen by harmonics above this frequency. For the base line frequency (50 or 60 Hz usually), the detuned system on the
other hand acts purely capacitive, thus correcting the reactive power.
Applications
• Avoidance of resonance conditions
• Tuned and detuned harmonic filters
• Reduction of harmonic distortion (network clearing)
• Reduction of power losses
Features
• High harmonic loading capability
• Very low losses
• High linearity to avoid choke tilt
• Low noise
• Convenient mounting
• Long expected life time
• Temperature protection (NC contact)
Mechanical and maintenance
• Low mounting costs
• Easy installation and connection • Compact volume
• Maintenance-free
Safety
• Temperature protection
58
Reactive Power Solutions
Anti-Resonance Harmonic Filter
Technical Data
Reference Standard
IEC 61558 / IS 5553
Tolerance of Inductance
± 3%
V3 = 0.5% VR (duty cycle = 100%)
V5 = 6.0% VR (duty cycle = 100%)
V7 = 5.0% VR (duty cycle = 100%)
Harmonics*
V11 = 3.5% VR (duty cycle = 100%)
V13 = 3.0% VR (duty cycle = 100%)
Effective current
Fundamental current
Insulation (winding-core)
Irms
I
Kv
Irms = ß®(I12+I32 ... I132)
I1 = 1.06 · IR (50 Hz or 60 Hz current of capacitor)
3 Kv
Temperature protection
Microswitch (NC)
Dimensional drawings and
terminals
See specific datasheets
Three-phase filter reactors to EN 60289 / IEC 61558
f
50 Hz or 60 Hz
Voltage
V AC
400, 440 V AC
Output
KVAr
5 … 100 KVAr
Frequency
Detuning Factor
5.67%, 7%, 14%
Cooling
Natural
Ambient temperature
°C
40°C
Humidity
95%
Insulation class
H
Class of protection
I
Enclosure
IP00
Max. Permissible Attitude
Max. 4000M above sea level
Terminals
Lugs / Busbar
Design Data
Dimensions
According to specification table page no
Weight Approx.
According to specification table page no
Safety- All reactors are provided with a sepaerate screw terminal for the temperature switch (opening switch) which is
located indisde the central coil.
Response Temperature
Voltage
Ordering Code
°C
V AC
1400C
250 V AC (<4A) ... 500 V AC (<2A)
QHDTM*
59
Reactive Power Solutions
Anti-Resonance Harmonic Filter
Selection of Filter
Losses
Determine the necessary effective power (KVAr) of the capacitor
The 50 Hz losses are comparatively low but when the filter
circuit reactors are installed into the cabinet, they are charged
with additional currents, predominantly those of the 5, 7 & 11
harmonics. Then the total heat losses dissipated can be of a level
whereby they have to be extracted from the cabinet, by means
of fans.
bank in order to obtain the desired PF.
Design the capacitor stages in such a way that the sensitivity of
the bank is around 15–20% of the total available power. It’s not
useful to have a more sensitive bank that reacts with a 5 or 10%
of the total power because this would lead to a high amount of
switching operations, wasting the equipment unnecessarily when
the real objective is to have a high average PF.
Terminals: the terminals for filter circuit reactors are designed as
cable terminals.
Try to design the bank with standard KVAr values of effective
power steps, preferably multiples of 25 KVAr
Design Features
Measure the presence of harmonic currents in the main feeder
Havells filter reactors are designed with properties like low
temperature rise and lower flux density so that it can operate with
worst conditions of Harmonic overloads. Reactors are available
with detuned factor of 5.67%, 7% and 14% in 5, 10, 15, 20, 25,
50 KVAr rating. Any other specific rating can be made as per the
request from the customer.
cable of the system without capacitors at all possible load
conditions. Determine frequency and maximum amplitude for
every harmonic that could exist. Calculate the Total Harmonic
Distortion of Current
THD-I = 100 • SQR [(I3)2 + (I5)2 + ... + (IR)2]/Il
Calculate every existing value for THD-IR = 100 • IR/Il
An integrated switch allows external monitoring and/ or disconnection of the reactor in the event of impermissible built up of heat.
Measure the presence of harmonic voltages that might come from
outside your system, if possible measure the HV side.
Calculate the Total Harmonic Distortion of Voltage
THD-V =100 • SQR [(U3)2 + (U5)2 + ... + (UN)2]/Ul
The following table shows a comparison for various reactor/
capacitor combinations at fundamental frequency of 50 Hz:
p -Detuned factor
f - Fundamental frequency
f Res -Resonating frequency
Resonance frequency
210 Hz
189 Hz
134 Hz
De-tuning factor
5.67
7
14
60
Reactive Power Solutions
Detuned PFC in general
Detuned PFC Important Facts
and Instructions
When installing capacitors for PFC purpose, the problem of
dealing with harmonics has to be faced. They have to be taken
into account when designing the PFC system in order to prevent
parallel and / or series resonance conditions that would damage
the whole electrical system. When PFC capacitors are connected,
the inductance of the transformer together with the capacitors
forms a resonant circuit that could be excited by a harmonic current
generated by the load. This resonant circuit has a resonance
frequency, and if a harmonic current of this frequency (or close to
it) exists, it will lead the circuit into a resonance condition where
high current will flow through the branches (L: the transformer,
and C: the capacitor bank), overloading them and raising the
voltage across them and across the whole electrical system that
is connected in parallel. PFC detuned filtering is a tech nique to
correct the power factor avoiding the risk of resonance condition
performed by shifting the resonance frequency to lower values
where no harmonic currents are present.
Important design instructions to be followed for detuned PFC
Systems
This is achieved by modifying the basic LC circuit formed by
the transformer and the capacitor bank, introducing a filter
reactor in series with the capacitors, making this way a more
complex resonant circuit but with the desired feature of having a
resonance frequency below the first existing harmonic. This way
it’s not possible to have a real resonance condition. Besides this
main objective, the reactor connected in series with capacitors
form a series resonant circuit with a certain tuning frequency
at which the branch will offer a low impedancepath. Filtering of
harmonic currents and “cleaning” of the grid will be achieved.
Components for PFC detuned filters must be carefully selected
according to the desired PFC purpose, to the harmonics present
in the system, to some features of the system like short circuit
power and impedances, to the desired filtering effect and to the
characteristics of the resonant circuit configured.
For example, the voltage across the capacitors will be higher than
the nominal grid voltage when they have a reactor connected in
series. The reactors must be selected in line with the inductance
value to obtain the desired tuning frequency and current capabi
lity high enough for the harmonic current absorption that can be
expected. The tuning frequency is usually indirectly referred to as
the detuning factor p and expressed as a percentage.
(
)
X
ƒ 2
p = 100 · ––L– = ––––– · 100
X C ƒRES
PFC detuned filtering is an engi neer ing speciality that takes ex
per ienced know-how to implement it in a satisfying and safe way.
The design-instructions for detuned PFC systems on page 75
have to be followed to ensure an optimum performance of the
PFC system.
Note: The recommendations given in the selection tables are
meant as a support tool. does not take over any responsibility for
the design as apart from the theoretical conditions the prevailing
circumstances in the application have to be taken into account.
1)Determine the necessary effective power (KVAr) of the
capacitor bank in order to obtain the desired PF.
2) Design the capacitor stages in such a way that the sensibility
of the bank is around 15–20% of the total available power.
It’s not useful to have a more sensitive bank that reacts with
a 5 or 10% of the total power because this would lead to a
high amount of switching operations, wasting the equipment
unnecessarily when the real objective is to have a high average
PF.
3) Try to design the bank with standard KVAr values of effective
power steps, preferably multiples of 25 KVAr.
4) Measure the presence of harmonic currents in the main feeder
cable of the system without capacitors at all possible load
conditions. Determine frequency and maximum ampli tude for
every harmonic that could exist. Calcu late the Total Harmonic
Distortion of Current THD-I = 100 · SQR [(I3)2 + (I5)2 + ... +
(IR)2]/Il Calculate every existing value for THD-IR = 100 · IR/Il
5) Measure the presence of harmonic voltages that might come
from outside your system, if possible measure the HV side.
Calculate the Total Harmonic Distortion of Voltage THD-V =
100 · SQR [(V3)2 + (V5)2 + ... + (VN)2]/Vl
6) Are there harmonics such as THD-I > 10% or THD-V > 3%
(measured without capacitors)? If YES use PFC-DF and
go to consideration 7. If NO use standard PFC and skip
considerations 7, 8 and 9.
7) Is there 3rd harmonic content, I3 > 0.2 · I5? If YES use PFCDF with p = 14% and skip consideration 8. If NO use PFC-DF
with p = 7% or 5.67% and go to consideration
8) THD-V is: 3–7% use PFC-DF with p = 7% >7% use PFC-DF
with p = 5.67% >10% ask for special filter design
9) Select the proper components using Havells tables for PFCDF and standard values for effective power, the voltage and
frequency of your grid, and the determined detuned factor p.
10)Always use genuine Havells application-specific designed
components for PFC-DF. Please observe that reactors are
specified for their effective power at grid voltage and frequency.
This power will be the real effective power of the whole LC
set at fundamental frequency. Capacitors for PFC-DF must
be selected for a higher rated voltage than the grid’s because
of the overvoltage caused by the series connection with the
reactor. Contactors for capacitors are designed as applicationspecific to reduce inrush capacitors currents and to handle
capacitive loads in a reliable way.
61
Reactive Power Solutions
Anti-Resonance Harmonic Filter
Technical Data and Specifications
H
W
G
Busbar
60
d
n1
n2
b
L
Elevation
Ordering Code
KVAr
R.H. Side View
Current
Inductance
Net
Weight
Losses
A
mH
Kg
Watts
Insulation
Class
Dimensions (mm)/Tolerance
L
W
H
n1
n2
b
Ød1
Slot
size
dist
between
slot
ØG
Copper
QHDTMCV005X0
5
6.56A
9.33mH
9
70W
H
220
145
165
140
90
125
8
7 x 20
60
6
QHDTMCV010X0
10
13.12A
4.64mH
11
80W
H
220
145
165
140
90
125
8
8 x 25
60
6
QHDTMCV012X5
12.5
16.6A
3.71mH
15
90W
H
220
145
165
140
90
125
8
8 x 25
60
6
QHDTMCV015X0
15
19.68A
3.10mH
20
130W
H
225
145
205
150
94
116
8
7 x 20
76
6
QHDTMCV020X0
20
26.24A
2.31mH
20
150w
H
225
145
205
150
94
116
8
7 x 20
76
8
QHDTMCV025X0
25
32.8A
1.86mH
24
170w
H
225
145
205
150
94
116
8
7 x 20
76
8
QHDTMCV050X0
50
65.6A
0.926mH
35
250w
H
265
170
235
150
104
132
8
7 x 20
88
8
QHDTMCV075X0
75
99A
0.618mH
47
340w
H
300
175
270
265
113
143
10
10 x 20
100
10
QHDTMCV100X0
100
131.5A
0.464mH
58
380w
H
300
200
270
265
140
170
10
10 x 20
100
10
Aluminium
QHTTMCV005X0
5
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
QHTTMCV010X0
10
13.12A
4.64mH
10
90w
H
220
150
165
150
90
125
8
8 x 25
65
6
QHTTMCV012X5
12.5
16.6A
3.71mH
12
100w
H
240
160
165
150
90
125
8
8 x 25
65
8
QHTTMCV015X0
15
19.68A
3.10mH
20
140w
H
225
175
205
150
94
116
8
7 x 20
76
8
QHTTMCV020X0
20
26.24A
2.10mH
20
160w
H
225
175
210
150
94
116
8.5
7 x 20
76
8
QHTTMCV025X0
25
32.5A
37.2mH
20
180w
H
240
190
210
170
94
116
8.5
7 x 20
86
8
QHTTMCV050X0
50
65.6A
0.926mH
28
270w
H
285
220
235
210
104
132
8.5
7 x 20
103
10
QHTTMCV075X0
75
99A
0.618mH
41
360w
H
340
180
270
265
113
143
10
10 x 20
115
10
QHTTMCV100X0
100
131.5A
0.464mH
52
400w
H
340
270
270
265
140
170
10
10 X 20
115
12
Notes: 1) All Dimensions are in M.M.
2) Tolerance on Dimension - Overall (L,W,H) - +/-1%
Mounting - +/-2MM"
3) Total max. losses, considering max. specified overvoltage and harmonic currents*
4) Other Voltages on request
5) Other Voltages/KVAr drawing may be changed
QHDTMCV005X0: 5 KVAr/440 V - Order for other voltages
Replace C with Q for 400V
Q
400V
C
440V
QHDTMCV005X0: 5 KVAr/440 V - Order for other detuning factor
Replace V with U for 5.67% and W for 14%
U
5.67%
V
50Hz
7%
W
14%
62
Reactive Power Solutions
Anti-Resonance Harmonic Filter
Calculation of the requested rated capacitor output in detuned filter circuits (factors to be multiplied with the required output per step
Supply Voltage: 400V
Rated voltage *
of capacitor (V)
5
5.5
6
Detuning Factor (%)
7
12.5
13
14
440
1.150
1.143
1.137
1.125
-
-
-
525
1.637
1.628
1.619
1.602
1.507
1.499
1.481
Rated voltage *
of capacitor (V)
5
5.5
6
7
12.5
13
14
440
1.068
1.062
1.057
-
-
-
-
525
1.520
1.512
1.504
1.488
1.400
1.392
1.376
Supply Voltage: 415V
Detuning Factor (%)
Supply Voltage: 440V
Detuning Factor (%)
Rated voltage *
of capacitor (V)
5
5.5
6
7
12.5
13
14
525
1.352
1.345
1.338
1.324
1.246
1.239
1.224
Supply Voltage: 480V
Detuning Factor (%)
Rated voltage *
of capacitor (V)
5
5.5
6
7
12.5
13
14
525
1.136
1.130
1.125
1.113
-
-
-
660
1.796
1.787
1.777
1.758
1.654
1.645
1.626
Example:
Required output per step at supply voltage: Supply voltage: 50KVAr
440V
Detuning factor: 7%
Rated voltage of capacitor: 525V
Factor of the table: 1.324
Requested rated output of the capacitors: 50KVAr X 1.327= 66.2
Selection: 2(PFC capacitors) x 33.1
* For filter circuits the capacitor rated voltage has to be chosen always higher than the supply voltage.
i.e.: fundamental voltage increased by the reactor and harmonics
63
Reactive Power Solutions
Anti-Resonance Harmonic Filter
Component selection table for dynamic pfc Anti-resonance Filter Circuit
Grid: 400 V - 50 Hz Detuned Filters components selection table
Detuned
factor %
Effective filter
output KVAr
Grid
voltage
Capacitor
voltage
Selection
Capacitor
output KVAr
Capacitance 3
* µF
Reactor
inductivity
3 * mH
IRMS
(Ieff)
Rated voltage V = 400 V, f = 50 Hz, p = 5.67% (fr = 210 Hz) / Linearity: L ≥ 0.95 * LR for current up to 2.08 * I1
5.67
5.00 KVAr
5.71 KVAr
31.3 µF
6.13 mH
8.78 AMP
10.00 KVAr
11.41 KVAr
62.6 µF
3.06 mH
17.55 AMP
12.50 KVAr
14.27 KVAr
78.2 µF
2.45 mH
21.94 AMP
17.12 KVAr
93.9 µF
2.04 mH
26.33 AMP
22.83 KVAr
125.2 µF
1.53 mH
35.11 AMP
25.00 KVAr
28.53 KVAr
156.5 µF
1.23 mH
43.88 AMP
40.00 KVAr
45.66 KVAr
250.3 µF
0.77 mH
70.21 AMP
50.00 KVAr
57.07 KVAr
312.9 µF
0.61 mH
87.76 AMP
75.00 KVAr
85.60 KVAr
469.4 µF
0.41 mH
131.65 AMP
100.00 KVAr
114.14 KVAr
625.9 µF
0.31 mH
175.53 AMP
15.00 KVAr
20.00 KVAr
400 V
440 V
Rated voltage V = 400 V, f = 50 Hz, p = 7% (fr = 189 Hz) / Linearity: L ≥ 0.95 * LR for current up to 1.73 * I1
7
5.00 KVAr
5.63 KVAr
30.9 µF
7.67 mH
8.03 AMP
10.00 KVAr
11.25 KVAr
61.7 µF
3.84 mH
16.07 AMP
12.50 KVAr
14.07 KVAr
77.1 µF
3.07 mH
20.09 AMP
16.88 KVAr
92.6 µF
2.56 mH
24.10 AMP
22.51 KVAr
123.4 µF
1.92 mH
32.14 AMP
25.00 KVAr
28.13 KVAr
154.3 µF
1.53 mH
40.17 AMP
40.00 KVAr
45.01 KVAr
246.8 µF
0.96 mH
64.28 AMP
50.00 KVAr
56.27 KVAr
308.5 µF
0.77 mH
80.34 AMP
75.00 KVAr
84.40 KVAr
462.8 µF
0.51 mH
120.52 AMP
100.00 KVAr
112.53 KVAr
617.0 µF
0.38 mH
160.69 AMP
15.00 KVAr
20.00 KVAr
400 V
440 V
Rated voltage V = 400 V, f = 50 Hz, p = 14% (fr = 135 Hz) / Linearity: L ≥ 0.95 * LR for current up to 1.37 * I1
14
5.00 KVAr
6.19 KVAr
28.5 µF
16.59 mH
7.69 AMP
10.00 KVAr
12.38 KVAr
57.1 µF
8.30 mH
15.39 AMP
12.50 KVAr
15.48 KVAr
71.3 µF
6.64 mH
19.23 AMP
18.58 KVAr
85.6 µF
5.53 mH
23.08 AMP
24.77 KVAr
114.1 µF
4.15 mH
30.77 AMP
25.00 KVAr
30.96 KVAr
142.6 µF
3.32 mH
38.46 AMP
40.00 KVAr
49.54 KVAr
228.2 µF
2.07 mH
61.54 AMP
50.00 KVAr
61.92 KVAr
285.3 µF
1.66 mH
76.93 AMP
75.00 KVAr
92.88 KVAr
427.9 µF
1.11 mH
115.39 AMP
100.00 KVAr
123.84 KVAr
570.6 µF
0.83 mH
153.85 AMP
15.00 KVAr
20.00 KVAr
400 V
480 V
64
Reactive Power Solutions
Anti-Resonance Harmonic Filter
Grid: 440 V - 50 Hz Detuned Filters components selection table
Detuned
factor %
Effective filter
output KVAr
Grid
voltage
Capacitor
voltage
Selection
Capacitor
output KVAr
Capacitance 3
* µF
Reactor
inductivity
3 * mH
IRMS
(Ieff)
Rated voltage V = 440 V, f = 50 Hz, p = 5.67% (fr = 210 Hz) / Linearity: L ≥ 0.95 • LR for current up to 2.08 • I1
5.00 KVAr
5.61 KVAr
25.9 µF
7.41 mH
7.98 AMP
10.00 KVAr
11.23 KVAr
51.7 µF
3.71 mH
15.96 AMP
12.50 KVAr
14.03 KVAr
64.7 µF
2.96 mH
19.95 AMP
16.84 KVAr
77.6 µF
2.47 mH
23.94 AMP
22.45 KVAr
103.4 µF
1.85 mH
31.91 AMP
25.00 KVAr
28.07 KVAr
129.3 µF
1.48 mH
39.89 AMP
40.00 KVAr
44.90 KVAr
206.9 µF
0.93 mH
63.83 AMP
50.00 KVAr
56.13 KVAr
258.6 µF
0.74 mH
79.78 AMP
75.00 KVAr
84.20 KVAr
387.9 µF
0.49 mH
119.68 AMP
100.00 KVAr
112.26 KVAr
517.2 µF
0.37 mH
159.57 AMP
15.00 KVAr
5.67
20.00 KVAr
440 V
480 V
Rated voltage V = 440 V, f = 50 Hz, p = 7% (fr = 189 Hz) / Linearity: L ≥ 0.95 • LR for current up to 1.73 • I1
7
5.00 KVAr
5.53 KVAr
25.5 µF
9.33 mH
7.30 AMP
10.00 KVAr
11.07 KVAr
51.0 µF
4.64 mH
14.61 AMP
12.50 KVAr
13.83 KVAr
63.7 µF
3.71 mH
18.26 AMP
16.60 KVAr
76.5 µF
3.10 mH
21.91 AMP
22.14 KVAr
102.0 µF
2.31 mH
29.22 AMP
25.00 KVAr
27.67 KVAr
127.5 µF
1.86 mH
36.52 AMP
40.00 KVAr
44.27 KVAr
204.0 µF
1.16 mH
58.43 AMP
50.00 KVAr
55.34 KVAr
255.0 µF
0.93 mH
73.04 AMP
75.00 KVAr
83.01 KVAr
382.5 µF
0.62 mH
109.56 AMP
100.00 KVAr
110.68 KVAr
509.9 µF
0.46 mH
146.08 AMP
15.00 KVAr
20.00 KVAr
440 V
480 V
Rated voltage V = 440 V, f = 50 Hz, p = 14% (fr = 135 Hz) / Linearity: L ≥ 0.95 • LR for current up to 1.37 • I1
14
5.00 KVAr
6.12 KVAr
23.6 µF
20.07 mH
6.99 AMP
10.00 KVAr
12.24 KVAr
47.2 µF
10.04 mH
13.99 AMP
12.50 KVAr
15.30 KVAr
58.9 µF
8.03 mH
17.48 AMP
18.37 KVAr
70.7 µF
6.69 mH
20.98 AMP
24.49 KVAr
94.3 µF
5.02 mH
27.97 AMP
25.00 KVAr
30.61 KVAr
117.9 µF
4.01 mH
34.97 AMP
40.00 KVAr
48.97 KVAr
188.6 µF
2.51 mH
55.95 AMP
50.00 KVAr
61.22 KVAr
235.8 µF
2.01 mH
69.93 AMP
75.00 KVAr
91.83 KVAr
353.7 µF
1.34 mH
104.90 AMP
100.00 KVAr
122.44 KVAr
471.6 µF
1.00 mH
139.87 AMP
15.00 KVAr
20.00 KVAr
440 V
525 V
65
Reactive Power Solutions
Microprocessor Controlled Power Factor Controller
General
IPFC Relay for Power Factor Correction in Low Voltage applications measures the actual power factor and connect or disconnect
capacitors to achieve a target power factor. The single phase electronic measuring system detects the reactive and active component
of the network through the current and voltage path. From this it calculates the phase shift between current and voltage and compares
this with the set target power factor.
If there are deviations of the power factor, capacitor stages are switched in and out by the IPFC relay. The contactor control logic is
optimised so that the desired power factor is achieved with minimum switching operations, thus ensuring an optimised life cycle of the
capacitor bank.
Features
• User friendly program for target power factor, on/off delay, CT ratio.
• Seven segment LCD display with backlight for readability in poorly illuminated areas.
• Display parameters – KW, PF, KVAr, KVA, Volt, Amp, Frequency.
• Key pad for user interface.
• Compatible with RS 232 (Galvanically isolated).
• Recall function of recorded values.
• Available in 6, 8, 12, 14 stages.
• User configurable parameters - Target PF Setting, Power Factor Tolerance, CT ratio, total capacitor banks, under current, Over /
Under frequency, Over / Under voltage threshold for alarm / tripping capacitor bank, time delay between steps (2 sec - 1800 sec.).
• Download Parameters - Target PF, CT ratio, total capacitor banks, Capcaitor banks status, under current, Over / Under voltage
threshold for alarm / tripping capacitor bank, Over / Under frequency threshold for alarm / tripping capacitor bank, time delay
between steps (2 sec upto 1800 sec.).
• Load survey for 40 days for each 30 minute interval consisting of: Active energy & demand, reactive energy & demand, apparent
energy & demand, average power factor, voltage (average 30 minutes), date, time.
• P.C. based software for data storing and system monitoring.
Mechanical and maintenance
• Low mounting costs • Easy installation and connection • Compact volume • Maintenance-free
66
Reactive Power Solutions
Microprocessor Controlled Power Factor Controller
Technical Data & Limit Values
Reference Standard
IEC 61010-1
Parameters
Unit
Intelligent Power Factor
Controller
Dimension
m.m.
144 x 144 x 85
Weight
kg.
0.75
Operating temperature Range
°C
–10 °C ... + 60 °C
Storage temperature Range
°C
–20 °C ... + 65 °C
Ambient conditions
Mounting position
Flush Mounting in Vertical Plane
Protection class
IP 54 ( Front)
Operation
Rated Operational Voltage
V. AC
Rated Operational Current
I
Network Type
Mains frequency
230 V AC+-20%
50 mA – 6A (--/5 A Current
Transformer)
Single Phase, 2 Wire
Hz
50 / 60
Power consumption
Current
I
<2VA
Voltage
V
<10 VA
Target Power Factor
Cos Φ
0.8 < cos Φ <= 1 (Inductive)
Switching Outputs
Capacitor Steps
6,8 , 12 Steps (Max.) + 1 Alarm
Relay Output Contact
Max 250 AC, 1000 W
Switching time range
2 Sec. – 30 Min.
Control modes
Automatic Bank Selection in
accordance to Reactive Power
Compensation
Ordering code
QHOSRA*
67
Reactive Power Solutions
Microprocessor Controlled Power Factor Controller
Operating Voltage
(Un): 230 V AC ± 20%; 50/60 Hz
Operating Current
50 mA – 6 A (--/5 A Current Transformer)
Network Type
1 Phase, 2 wire
Capacitor Steps
6, 8, 12 steps (max) + 1 ALARM
Power Consumption
< 2 VA (Current Circuit), < 10 VA (Voltage Circuit)
Output Contact
3 A, 750 VA
Cos Ø setting
0.8< cos Ø £ 1(Inductive)
Ambient Operating temp.
-10° C, +60° C
Degree of Protection
IP 54 (Front Panel)
Connection/ Installation
Terminal / Flush - Mounting with rear terminals
Dimensions &
144 x 144 x 85 mm
Packing Weight
770 gm (Approx.)
CT Ratio
Configurable (max. 1000/5)
Automatic
Mode
Capacitors connect automatically to achieve target power factor of Load
Manual mode
By key pad to connect / disconnect the capacitors
Setting mode
For user configurable target Power factor, CT_Ratio, Over / under Voltage limit and Over / Under Frequency limit
tripping time, total no of capacitor banks
Communication
RS 232
PROTECTION
• Over / Under Voltage
• Over / Under Frequency
• Over / Under Compensation
• Under current
PROGRAMMABLE PARAMETERS
• Target Power Factor Setting
• Power Factor Tolerance
• CT Ratio
• Total Capacitor Bank
• Number of Active Outputs
• Over / Under Voltage Threshold For Alarm / Tripping
Capacitor Bank
• Over / Under Frequency Threshold For Alarm / Tripping
Capacitor Bank
• Time Delay Between Steps (2 Sec Upto 1800 Sec.)
DOWN LOAD PARAMETERS
• Target Power Factor
• Power Factor Tolerance
• CT Ratio
• Total Capacitor Bank
CONTROL PANEL
• Capacitor Bank Status
• Over / Under Voltage Threshold for Alarm / Tripping
Capacitor Bank
• Over / Under Frequency, Under Current Threshold for
Alarm / Tripping Capacitor Bank
• Time Delay Between Steps (2 Sec Upto 1800 Sec.)
• Load survey for 40 days for each 30 minute interval
consisting of:
- Active Energy & demand
- Reactive Energy & demand
- Apparent Energy & demand
- Voltage (Average 30 minutes)
- Average Power Factor
- Date & Time
FAULT / ALARM INDICATION
• Alarm relay contact is closed when the fault occur in the
AC main supply for persistance of 5 sec. or more
• Alarm display on the LCD will appear in the event of any
abnormaility. Example :
- Over / Under Voltage
- Over / Under Frequency
- Over / Under Compensation
- Under Current
To increase the value
To decrease the value
Scroll
To scroll the parameters
Automatic/manual or setting mode selection by Keys
68
Reactive Power Solutions
Microprocessor Controlled Power Factor Controller
CONNECTION DIAGRAM
Microprocessor Controlled
Power Factor Controller
Ordering Info : Intelligent Power Factor Controller (IPFC - 11002) (Smart Relay) (1ø, 230V), 50Hz
Product Code
Description
Min packing qty.
QHOSRA5N0006
IPFC 11002 6+1Step Relay 1ø, 230V 50Hz
6
QHOSRA5N0008
IPFC 11002 8+1Step Relay 1ø, 230V 50Hz
6
QHOSRA5N0012
IPFC 11002 12+1Step Relay 1ø, 230V 50Hz
6
Ordering Info : Intelligent Power Factor Controller (IPFC - 11003) (Smart Relay) 3ø, 3 x 230V,
Product Code
Description
Min packing qty.
QHOTRB5N0006
IPFC 11003 6+1Step Relay 3ø, 3 x 230V, (L-N), 50Hz
6
QHOTRB5N0008
IPFC 11003 8+1Step Relay 3ø, 3 x 230V, (L-N), 50Hz
6
QHOTRB5N0012
IPFC 11003 12+1Step Relay 3ø, 3 x 230V, (L-N), 50Hz
6
69
Reactive Power Solutions
Microprocessor Controlled Power Factor Controller
INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE
Ambient temperature
Capacitors are divided into temperature classes, Each class in
represented by a number followed by a letter e.g. -250/D. The
number is the lowest ambient temperature at which a capacitor
may operate. The upper limit temperature is indicated by the letter
D, standing for 550C. A maximum case temperature of 600C. must
not be exceeded. Temperature is one of the main.
Exceeding maximum allowed temperature may set the safety
device out of operation.
Inrush current
• Handle capacitors carefully, because they may still be charged
even after disconnection due to faulty discharging devices.
• Follow good engineering practice.
• Do not use HRC fuses to power a capacitor up and down (risk
of arcing).
• Remember that the terminals of capacitors, connected bus
bars and cables as well as other devices may also be energized.
Over current and short circuit protection
• Use HRC fuses or MCCBs for short circuit protection. Short
circuit protection and connecting cables should be selected so
that 1.5 times the rated capacitor current can be permanently
handled.
Switching LV PFC capacitors, especially when they are in parallel
with others that are already energized, can cause high inrush
currents of up to 200 times rated current. This leads to additional
stress on contactors as well as capacitors and reduces their
useful life. In addition, high inrush currents have a negative effect
on power quality, producing transients and voltage drops.
• HRC fuses do not protect a capacitor against overload-they
are only for short circuit protection.
As per IEC 60831 standard, a maximum of 5000 switching
operations per year is acceptable.
•Use thermal magnetic overcurrent relays for overload
protection.
Harmonics
Maintenance
Harmonics are produced in the operation of electric loads with a
nonlinear voltage/current characteristic e.g. rectifiers and inverters
for drives, welding apparatus and uninterruptible power supplies).
Harmonics are sinusoidal voltages and currents with higher
frequencies of a multiple of the 50 or 60 Hz line frequency.
• Periodically check that connections and terminals are tight.
Note : In applications subject to harmonics, you should only use
power capacitors with reactors, so called detuned capacitor
banks. Depending on the selected series resonant frequency, part
of the harmonic current is absorbed by the power capacitor. The
remainder of the harmonic current flows into the superordinate
system. The use of power capacitors with reactors reduces
harmonic distortion and lesser the disturbing effect on proper
operation of other electric loads.
A major reason for installing detuned capacitor banks is to avoid
resonance. Resonance can multiply existing harmonics and create
power quality problems, as well as causing damage to distribution
equipment.
Resonance cases must be avoided by appropriate application
design in any case!
Max. total rms capacitor current (incl. fundamental harmonic
current) specified in technical data of the specific series must not
be exceeded
• The HRC fuse rating should be 1.6 to 1.8 times rated capacitor
current.
• Do not use HRC fuses to switch capacitors (risk of arcing).
• Regularly clean terminals/bushing to avoid short circuits due to
dust and soiling.
• Check short circuit protection fuses.
• Make a current reading twice annually to see if application
conditions have altered.
• Consider upgrading or modifying the PFC system if the
application environment has changed.
• In the event of a current above nominal, check your application
for possible modification.
• In the event of a significant increase in nonlinear loading, call
consultant for a harmonics examination.
• If harmonics are present consider installation of a detuned
capacitor bank (reactors).
• Check discharge resistors/reactors and their functioning :
- Power the capacitor up and down
-The voltage across the terminals must fall to <50 V
within 60s.
Capacitor life expectancy
• Ensure good effective grounding for capacitor enclosures.
Capacitors operation between any rated value and the
corresponding absolute maximum rating is an overload that
derates life expectancy of the device.
•Provide means of disconnecting and insulating a faulty
component/bank.
Simultaneous overload conditions or exceeding any absolute
maximum rating may reduce life expectancy significantly.
Safety
70
Reactive Power Solutions
PFC Basic Formulas
The following electrical formulas may be used to calculate basic PFC values.
Active power
The amount of input power converted to output power is the active power.
P=
3 · V · I · cos ϕ
[W]
Reactive power
The reactive power is the power consumed in an AC circuit due to the expansion and collapse of
magnetic (inductive) and electrostatic (capacitive) fields.
Q=
3 · V · I · sin ϕ
[VAr]
Apparent Power
The apparent power is the power delivered to an electric circuit.
S=
3·V·I
[VA]
Power factor
The power factor of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the real (active) power to
the apparent power.
Active power
P
Power factor = –––––––– = ––
Apparent power S
Power Factor Correction
When the AC load is partly capacitive or inductive, the current waveform is out of phase with the voltage. This requires additional AC
current to be generated that is not consumed by the load, creating I2R losses in power cables. Capacitors are used to supply reactive
energy to inductive loads. Reactive energy must be produced as closely as possible to the loads to prevent unnecessary flow of current
in the network. This is known as power factor correction.
QC = P · (tan ϕ1 – tan ϕ2)
QC:
P:
ϕ1:
ϕ2:
[VAr]
active power needed
total reactive power
actual angle of cos ϕ actual
target angle of cos ϕ target
Connection and rating of capacitors
The reactive power of the capacitor
is a function of its rated voltage and
current.
Q C = V C · IC
[VAr]
V C · V C (V C)2
Q C = –––––––
– = –––––
XC
XC
1
1
X C = ––––– = –––––––––
·C 2 ·f·C
f:
frequency of network
XC: impedance of capacitor
C: capacitance value
Q C = (V C)2 ·
· C = (V C)2 · 2 · f · C
71
Reactive Power Solutions
PFC Basic Formulas
Capacitor in three-phase PFC application
Three-phase PFC applications have two types of capacitor connections: star and delta.
STAR connection - The capacitor is subject to a voltage of ( VL /
Thus total kVAR compansation is calculated as
3)
Q TOT = 3 · Q C
VL
VC = V L /
1954 µF
3
(VL)2
Q TOT = 3 · ––––––
·
( 3 )2
Star connection
· C STAR
Q TOT
Q TOT
C STAR = –––––––
–– = –––––––––––
––
(V L)2 ·
(V L)2 · 2 · f
DELTA connection - The capacitor is subject to line voltage of VL, phase to phase
Thus total KVAR compansation is calculated as
651 µF
V C = VL
VL
Q TOT = 3 · (V L)2 ·
· C DELTA
QTOT
Q TOT
C DELTA = –––––––
––– = ––––––––––––––
3 · (V L)2 ·
3· (V L)2 · 2 · f
Delta connection
STAR
Conclusion: C DELTA = C
––––––
3
Capacitor output kvar:
From the formula if we find the
Qnew with ratio: C will be constant.
(
VNew
QNew = –––––
VR
f
Q
) · ––––
f ·
2
New
R
C
These values are operating conditions:
Qnew: new reactive power
Vnew: new voltage
new frequency
fnew:
These values are the values capacitor is designed:
QC: rated capacitor reactive power
VC: rated capacitor voltage
fR: rated frequency
Calculation example
Real power = 100 kW
Example 1:
The relationship between active,
reactive and real power and cos ϕ.
After PFC =
105 kVA
In the diagram below, the power
triangle shows an initial power factor
of 0.70 for a 100 kW (real power)
inductive load. The reactive power required by the load is 100 kvar. By installing a 67-kvar capacitor, the
apparent power is reduced from 142
to 105 kvar, resulting in a 26%
reduction in current. The power factor
is improved to 0.95.
Before PFC =
142 kVA
Apparent power
Power factor calculations:
Before PFC: 100/142 = 0.70 or 70%
Reactive power
After: 33 kvar
Reactive power
Before: 100 kvar
Capacitance
added = 67 kvar
After PFC: 100/105 = 0.95 or 95%
72
Reactive Power Solutions
PFC Basic Formulas
Example 2:
Calculation of capacitor rating for
industrial installation
Target to correct the power factor to 0.9:
Given parameters:
Induction motor
Network
(line delta)
Frequency
Power factor
– Current cos ϕ
– Target cos ϕ
220 kW
440 V AC,
3-phase
50 Hz
cos ϕ1 = 0.7
cos ϕ2 = 0.9
tan ϕ1 = 1.02
tan ϕ2 = 0.48
440 V / 50 Hz
Q C = P (tan ϕ1 – tan ϕ2)
= 220 · 1 000 (1.02 – 0.48)
= 118.8 kvar
0.7
0.9
M
220 kW
cos ϕ = 0.7
118.8 kvar
Example 3:
Calculating capacitor ratings for
D E LTA a n d S TA R c o n n e c t i o n s i n
example 2
STAR connection:
DELTA connection:
440
VL
V C = ––––
= –––– = 254 V
3
3
V C = V L = 440 V
Q TOT
Q TOT
C STAR = –––––––
–– = –––––––––––––
(V L)2 ·
(V L)2 · 2 · f
Q TOT
Q TOT
C DELTA = –––––––
––– = ––––––––––––––
3 · (V L)2 ·
3 · (V L)2 · 2 · f
118.8 · 1 000
C STAR = –––––––
––––––––––
(440) 2 · 2 · 50
= 1 954 µF / Line (phase)
118.8 · 1 000
C DELTA = ––––––––––––––––––––
–
3 · (440) 2 · 2 · 50
= 651 µF / Line (phase)
C TOT = 5 862 µF
C TOT = 1 954 µF
Example 4:
Calculating apparent power - Due to power factor correction, the requried apparent power transmission can be reduce by
Reduction (S1-S2) in example 2
S 1 = P / cos ϕ1 = 220 / 0.7
= 314 kVA
S 2 = P / cos ϕ2 = 220 / 0.9
= 244 kVA
S 1 – S 2 = 70 kVA
Thus, additional power of
70 · (0.9) = 63 kW can be supplied
and transferred via the existing
network.
Cable cross section calculation
Line current drawn by the motor:
I1 uncompensated load (0.7):
220 · 1 000
I1 = ––––––––––––––––– = 412 A
3 · 440 · (0.7)
I2 compensated load (0.9):
220 · 1 000
I2 = ––––––––––––––––– = 320 A
3 · 440 · (0.9)
Thus, the cable can carry an
additional load of 92 A, or the
designer can reduce the cable cross section.
S1 - Uncompensated load
S2 - Compensaited load
73
Reactive Power Solutions
Loads in industrial and public electrical networks are primarily of
an ohmic inductive nature.
The purpose of systems for power factor correction in networks is
to compensate the generated lagging reactive power by leading
reactive power at defined nodes. In this way impermissibly high
voltage drops and additional ohmic losses are also avoided. The
necessary leading power is produced by capacitors parallel to
the supply network, as close as possible to the inductive load.
Static capacitive compensation devices reduce the lagging
reactive power component transmitted over the network. If
network conditions alter, the required leading reactive power
can be matched in steps by adding and taking out single power
capacitors (automatic PFC) to compensate the lagging reactive
power.
Advantages of power factor correction
•
Payback in 8 to 24 months through lower power costs.
Power factor correction reduces the reactive power in a
system. Power consumption and thus power costs drops in
proportion.
•
Effective installation use
An improved power factor means that an electrical installation
works more economically (higher effective power for the
same apparent power).
•
Improved voltage quality
•
Reduced voltage drop
•
Optimum cable design
Cable cross-section can be reduced with improvement of power
factor (less current). In existing installations for instance, extra or
higher power can be transmitted.
•
Reduced transmission losses
sensitive load for example.
Reactor
Power distribution networks are increasingly subjected to
harmonic pollution from modern power electronic devices, so
called nonlinear loads, e.g. drives, uninterruptible power supplies,
electronic ballasts. Harmonics are dangerous for capacitors
connected in the PFC circuit, especially if the capacitors operate
at resonant frequency. The series connection of reactor and
capacitor to detuned the series resonant frequency (the capacitor's
resonant frequency) helps to prevent capacitor damage. Most
critical frequencies are the 5th and 7th harmonic (250 and 350
Hz at 50 Hz). Detuned capacitor banks also help to reduce the
harmonic distortion level and clean the network.
Fuse
A HRC fuse / MCCB acts as a safety device for short circuit
protection.
The HRC fuse rating should be 1.6 to 1.8 times nominal
capacitor current.
•
Reactive power compensation for Motor
The recommended capacitor rating for motor should be Sized to
compensate up to 90 % of the motor magnetization Current of
motor, to avoid self excitation phenomenon. The below table gives
the selection chart for Capacitors as per the hp rating of the motor.
Power capacitor rating for direct connection Induction Motors
Capacitor KVAr at motor speed of
The transmission and switching devices carry less current, i.e.
only the effective power, meaning that the ohmic losses in the
leads are reduced.
Motor
HP
3000
rmp
1500
rmp
1000
rmp
5
2
2
2
3
3
3
Main components of Capacitor
7.5
2
2
3
3
3
3
Power factor correction capacitors produce the necessary leading
reactive power to compensate the lagging reactive power. PFC
capacitors should be capable of withstanding high inrush currents
caused by switching operations (>100*IR). If capacitors are
connected in parallel, i.e. as banks, the inrush current will increase
(=150*IR) because the charging current comes from the grid as
well as from capacitors parallel to the one switched.
10
3
3
4
5
5
5
15
3
4
5
7
7
7
20
5
6
7
8
8
10
25
6
7
8
9
9
12
30
7
8
9
10
10
15
40
9
10
12
15
16
20
PFC controller
50
10
12
15
18
20
22
60
12
14
15
20
25
25
75
15
16
20
22
25
30
100
20
22
25
26
32
35
125
25
26
30
32
35
40
150
30
32
35
40
45
50
200
40
45
45
50
55
60
250
45
50
55
60
65
70
Modern PFC controllers are microprocessor based. The
microprocessor analyses the signal from a current transformer and
produces switching commands to control the contactors that add
or remove capacitor stage Intelligent control by microprocessorbased PFC controllers ensures even utisation of capacitor stages,
minimised number of switching operations and optimised life cycle
of the capacitor bank.
Capacitor contactor
Contactors are electromechanical switching elements used to
switch capacitors or reactors and capacitors in standard or
detuned PFC systems. The switching operation can be performed
by mechanical contacts or an electronic switch (semi conduction).
Always used capacitor duty contactors for capacitor switching.
The latter solution is preferable if fast switching is required for a
750
rmp
600
rmp
500
rmp
*Above 250HP KVAr approximate 35% of the motor power
74
Reactive Power Solutions
Table of Capacitance value measured between Phase to Phase
terminals
Reactive power compensation for Transformer
Power and distribution transformers, which work on the principle
of electromagnetic induction, consume reactive power for their
own needs even when its secondary is not connected to any load.
The power factor will be very low under such situation. To improve
the power factor, it is required to connect a fixed capacitor or a
capacitor bank at the LT side of the transformer. Below table gives
the approximate KVAr of capacitors required.
KVA rating of the
KVAr required for
Transformer
compensation
Up to and including 315 KVA
5 % of KVA rating
315 KVA - 1000 KVA
6 % of KVA rating
Above 1000 KVA 8 % of KVA rating
It is useful to note that, in the case of APFC system, the current
Transformer providing feedback to the APFC system must be
located in such a way that it does not measure this capacitor
current.
Welding Transformers
Single phase, Single OperatorThree phase, Multi-operator
Welding
Required
Transformer
Capacitor
Type
TransformerCapacitor
Welding
Required
continousrating
continuousrating
rating kVA
KVAr
rating kVA
9
4
300/354
16.5
12
6
300/690
30
18
8
300/9122
45
24
12
300/12453
60
KVAr
Output
Capacitance
(µF) 400V
Output
Capacitance
(µF) 415V
Output
Capacitance
(µF) 440V
1
9.9
9.2
8.2
2
19.9
18.5
16.4
3
29.8
27.7
24.6
4
39.8
37.0
32.8
5
49.7
46.2
41.1
6
59.7
55.4
49.3
7
69.6
64.7
57.5
7.5
74.6
69.3
62.0
8
79.6
73.9
65.8
10
99.5
92.4
82.2
12.5
124.3
115.5
103.0
15
149.2
138.6
123.3
20
199.0
184.8
164.4
25
248.7
231.0
206.0
30
298.5
277.2
246.6
35
348.2
323.4
287.7
40
398.0
369.6
328.8
45
447.7
415.8
369.9
50
497.5
462.0
411.0
60
597.0
554.4
493.2
75
746.1
693.0
618.0
100
995.0
924.0
822.0
Note : The tolerance is - 5% / + 10%
Output
Capacitance
(µF) 480V
6.9
13.8
20.7
27.6
34.5
41.4
48.3
51.8
55.2
69.1
86.3
103.6
138.2
172.7
207.3
241.8
276.4
310.9
345.5
414.6
518.1
691.0
KVAr
3015
3618
75
Reactive Power Solutions
Standard Values: Selection Tables for Cables,Cable Cross Sections and Fuses
The values mentioned in the following table are guidelines for operation in normal conditions at ambient temperatures up to 35°C. Upgrade
accordingly if conditions differ, e.g. temperature or hamonics differ. The internal wiring of a capacitor bank is sometimes possible with a
smaller cross section. Various parameters such as temperature inside the cabinet, cable quality, maximum cable insulation temperature,
single or multi core cable, cable length and laying system have to be considered for a proper selection. The local panelbuilder/installer
is responsible for a proper selection of the cable sizes and fuses according to the valid regulations and standards in the specific country
where the PFC panels are installed.
Selection Table
Power
KVAr
Rated voltage 230 V, 60 Hz
2.5
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
20
25
30
40
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
Current
A
Section
mm2
Fuse
A
6.3
12.6
18.8
25.1
31.4
37.7
50.2
62.8 3
75.3
100.4
125.5
188.3
251
–
–
–
–
1.5
4
6
10
16
16
25
35
50
70
95
185
2 x 120.0
–
–
–
–
10
25
35
50
50
63
80
100
125
160
200
315
400
–
–
–
–
Rated voltage 400 V, 50 Hz
2.5
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
20
25
30
40
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
3.6
7.2
10.8
14.4
18
21.6
28.8
36
43.2
57.6
72
108.3
144.3
180.3
216.5
252.6
288
1.5
2.5
2.5
4
6
6
10
16
25
35
50
70
120
185
2 x 95.0
2 x 95.0
2 x 120.0
10
16
16
25
35
35
50
63
80
100
125
160
250
315
350
400
500
Rated voltage 440 V, 60 Hz
2.5
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
20
25
30
40
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
3.3
6.6
10
13.2
16.8
19.8
26.4
33
39.6
52.8
66
99
132
165
198
231
264
1.5
2.5
2.5
4.0
4.0
6.0
10.0
16.0
25.0
35.0
50.0
70.0
95.0
185.0
2 x 95.0
2 x 95.0
2 x 120.0
10
16
16
25
25
35
50
63
80
100
125
160
200
315
350
400
500
76
Reactive Power Solutions
Standard Values: Selection Tables for Cables, Cable Cross Sections and Fuses
Power
KVAr
Rated voltage 480 V, 60 Hz
2.5
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
20
25
30
40
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
Rated voltage 525 V, 50 Hz
2.5
5
7.5
10
12.5
15
20
25
30
40
50
75
100
125
150
175
200
Current
A
Section
mm2
Fuse
A
3
6
9
12
18
21
24
30
36
48
60
90
120
150
180
210
240
1.5
2.5
2.5
4
6
6
10
10
16
25
35
70
95
120
185
2 x 95.0
2 x 95.0
10
16
16
25
35
35
50
50
63
80
100
160
200
250
315
350
400
2.7
5.5
6.9
11
13.7
16.5
22
27.5
33
44
55
82.5
110
137.5
165
193
220
1.5
1.5
2.5
2.5
4
4
6
10
16
25
35
70
95
95
185
2 x 95.0
2 x 95.0
10
10
16
16
25
25
35
50
63
80
100
160
200
200
300
350
350
77
Reactive Power Solutions
Cautions
Temperature class of capacitors to standard
IEC 60831 / IS 13340
Capacitors are divided into temperature classes. Each class is
Maximum Admissible Overvoltage
Frequency
Max. Max. Max.
(50/60Hz) voltageduration duration
(Vrms)
(see table above).
Line Frequency 1.00 VR
Continuous
duty
Highest mean during
entire operating time of
capacitor, exceptions
(see below) are
admissible for times
of <24h
The use of a capacitor depends very much on temperature. Proper
Line Frequency 1.10 VR
8 h daily
Line voltage fluctuations
cooling of a capacitor must ensure that the minimum temperature
Line Frequency 1.15 VR
30 min daily Line voltage fluctuations
is not exceeded of rewised useful life otherwise useful life is
Line Frequency 1.20 VR
5 min daily
Line voltage fluctuations
degraded. When configuring a circuit, one should make sure that
Line Frequency 1.30 VR
1 min daily
Line voltage fluctuations
represented by a number followed by a letter. e.g. -25/D. The
number is the lowest ambient temperature at which a capacitor
may operate. the upper limit temperature is indicated by the letter
capacitors are not subjected to heat from adjacent components
(reactors, bus bars, etc.). Forced cooling is preferable for compact
designs and it is highly inadvisable to arrange capacitors directly
Current rating/maximum admissible over current
above reactors.
The rated current (IR) is the current utilised for rated voltage (VR)
Temperature Class of Capacitors
(according IEC 60831)
and frequency (in Hz.) excluding transient. Maximum permitted
rms current for each particular capacitor is specified in the data
Maximum
mean
for 24 h
Maximum
mean
for 1 year
sheet. Continuously exceeding of the nominal current will lead to
Temperature
class
Temperature of
capacitor surrounding
air Maximum
B
45°C
35°C25°C
standard is maintained by all capacitors is this catalogue. The
C
50°C
40°C30°C
D
55°C
45°C35°C
figures for overcurrent allow for the combined effects of harmonics,
increased self heating of the capacitor and reduce life time. The
maximum admissible overcurrent (I max) of 1.3*IR to IEC 60831
overvoltage and capacitance tolerance.
Enclosure of Capacitors (IPxx)
Enclosure First digit
Second digit
IP00
No protection against finger touch and ingress of solid foreign bodies
No protection
against ingress
of water
IP20
Protection against finger touch and solid foreign bodies 12.5 mm diameter
No protection
against ingress
of water
IP41
Protection against tool touch and solid foreign bodies >1mm diameter
Drip-water
protection
IP54
Protection against tool touch and solid foreign bodies >1mm diameter.
Protection against dust deposit
Splash water
protection
78
Reactive Power Solutions
Individual PFC for Motors
Approximate values for fixed PFC of Motors
Motor rating
Capacitor rating
(1500 rpm)
Capacitor rating
(1000 rpm)
Capacitor rating
(750 rpm)
kvar
0.5
kvar
0.5
kvar
0.6
1.2
kW
1 … 1.9
2 … 2.9
1
1.1
3 … 3.9
1.5
1.6
1.7
4 … 4.9
2
2.1
2.3
5 … 5.9
2.5
2.6
2.9
6 … 7.9
3
3.2
3.5
8 … 10.9
4
4.2
4.6
11 … 13.9
5
5.3
5.8
14 … 17.9
6
6.3
6.9
18 … 21.9
7.5
8.0
8.6
10.5
11.5
22 … 29.9
10
30 … 39.9
approx . 40% of the motor power
40 and above
approx. 35% of the motor power
The capacitor output should be approx. 90% of the apparent power of the motor when idle.
This means a power factor of 0.9% at full load and 0.95 … 0.98 during idling. Important: The capacitor output must not be rated too high
for individual compensated machines where the capacitor is directly connected with the motor clamp. This especially applies when the
machine has a big oscillating weight and still continues to rotate after switching off. The capacitor placed in parallel may act as generator
for the motor which will cause serious overvoltages. The consequence could be heavy damage to the capacitor as well as to the motor.
Individual PFC for Transformers
Standard values for transformer power factor correction
Rated apparent power
of transformer
kVA
Rated capacitor power
for oil immersed transformers
kvar
Rated capacitor power
for cast resin transformers
kvar
10
1.0
1.5
20
2.0
1.7
50
4.0
2.0
75
5.0
2.5
100
5.0
2.5
160
7.0
4.0
200
7.5
5.0
250
8.0
7.5
315
10.0
8.0
400
12.5
8.5
500
15.0
10.0
630
17.5
12.5
800
20.0
15.0
1000
25.0
16.7
1250
30.0
20.0
1600
35.0
22.0
2000
40.0
25.0
2500
50.0
35.0
3150
60.0
50.0
For an exact calculation of the right capacitor value, following formula can be used:
AN
Q C = I 0% · ––––
100
Q c = needed capacitor (kvar)
I0% = magnetising current of the transformer (A S%)
A N = apparent rated power of the transformer in kVA
There are regional differences in the guidelines of power suppliers concerning the admissible size of capacitors directly
connected with a transformer. Therefore a consultation with the respective power supplier is recommended before
installation of a compensation bank. Modern transformers have laminations which only need low capacity to reverse the
magnetism. In case the capacitor output is too high, stress increase may occur during idling.
79
Reactive Power Solutions
Cautions
Bellow shield
Normal capacitor module
Notch shield
Self healing shield
}
Triple
3
S Safety
Fault operated capacitor module
Overpressure disconnector
1. The elastic elements must not be hindered, i.e.
At the end of the capacitor’s service life or when a high pressure
– connecting lines must be flexible leads (cables),
forms inside the can, the overpressure disconnector is activated.
The specially designed cover with an expansion bead moves
upwards. Expansion beyond a certain degree will separate the
– there must be sufficient space (at least 20 mm) for expansion
above the connections (specified for the different models),
wires and disconnect the capacitor safely from the line. The
– folding beads must not be retained by clamps.
disconnector is separated at its break point (small notch) and the
2. The maximum permissible fault current of 10 000 A to the UL
flow of current to the capacitor windings is interrupted.
Caution:
To ensure full functionality of an overpressure disconnector, the
810 standard must not be exceeded.
3. Stress parameters of the capacitor must be within the IEC
60831 / IS 13340 specification.
following is required:
80
Reactive Power Solutions
Dry technology/ V ACuum impregnation
The active winding elements are heated and then dried for a
critical frequencies are the 5th and 7th harmonics (250 and 350
defined period. Impregnation is performed under V ACuum. In
Hz at 50 Hz grid frequency). Detuned capacitor banks also help to
this way, air and moisture are extracted from the inner capacitor,
reduce the harmonic distortion level and clean the network.
and oxidation of the electrodes as well as partial discharges are
avoided. Afterwards, the capacitor elements are hermetically
sealed in cases (e.g. aluminum). This elaborate process ensures
excellent capacitance stability and long useful life.
Power factor controller Modern PF controllers are microprocessorbased. The microprocessor analyzes the signal from a current
transformer and produces switching commands to control the
contactors that add or remove capacitor stages. Intelligent control
Discharge devices
Discharge resistors are required to discharge capacitors and
protect human beings against electric shock hazards as well as to
switch capacitors in automatic PFC equipment (opposing phase).
Discharge resistors are designed to discharge capacitors to 50V
or less within 60 seconds.
by microprocessorbased PF controllers ensures even utilization
of capacitor stages, a minimized number of switching operations
and an optimized life cycle of the capacitor bank. After the required
capacitor output has been determined, the number of steps
Caution:
Discharge and short-circuit the capacitor before handling it!
Discharge reactor
Whenever fast discharge of a capacitor is required, a discharge
Thumb Rule: The number of steps depends on the number of
resistor is not sufficient. Discharge reactors must be used to allow
loads, i.e. the more small inductive loads, the higher the number
a discharge of within a few seconds. Also, the various steps in a
of steps should be. The switching time is also of major importance
PFC system can then be switched much faster, minimizing losses
here: the more frequently a capacitor is switched, the more stress
at the same time.
is placed on it and its contactors.
Multi measuring device An external meter combining several
features in a single device. Combined with the appropriate PF
Protection
controller, it allows the monitoring, display and storage of various
An HRC fuse or MCCB acts as a safety device for short-circuit
grid parameters. It provides additional protection for the capacitor
protection. HRC fuses do not protect a ca pac - itor against
and the PFC system. As a standalone solution, it acts as a meter,
overload – they are designed for short-circuit protection only. The
a signal trigger for thyristor modules or as a switch.
HRC fuse rating should be 1.6 to 1.8 times the nominal capacitor
current.
Capacitor contactor
Contactors are electromechanical switching elements used to
switch capacitors or reactors and capacitors in standard or
Caution:
Do not use HRC fuses for switching (risk of arcing!).
detuned PFC systems. The pre-switching auxiliary contacts of
capacitor contactors close before the main contact and avoid
peak current values by pre-loading the capacitor. Note: Even
when using capacitor contactors, it is important not to exceed the
annual switching capability of the particular capacitor series.
Reactors - (compensation and filtering)
Power distribution networks are increasingly subjected to
harmonic pollution from modern power electronics devices,
known as non -linear loads, e.g. drives, uninter ruptible power
supplies and electronic ballasts. Harmonics are dangerous for
capacitors connected in the PFC circuit, especially if they operate
at a resonant frequency. The series connection of a reactor and
capac itor to detune the series resonant frequency (the capacitor’s
resonant frequency) helps to prevent capacitor damage. The most
81
Reactive Power Solutions
Cautions
Mean life expectancy
The mean life expectancy of power capacitors is mainly governed
by the following factors:
-
duration of overload.
-
ambient temperature and the resulting case temperature.
-
Maximum rms current and the resulting case temperature
The calculated life expectancy of the various series is stated for nominal
operating conditions. If components are stressed less than the
IEC 60831 factors, longer useful life can be expected, and a
correspondingly shorter one or increased failure rate if nominal
parameters are exceeded.
Fuse protection
of power capacitor and reactor. the circuit is tuned so that
the series resonant frequency is below the lowest harmonics
appearing in the system. This produces an inductive response
to all frequencies above the series resonant frequency, avoiding
resonances with system inductances. Depending on the selected
series resonant frequency, part of the harmonic current is taken
up by the detuned power capacitors. The remainder of the
harmonic current flows into the superordinate system. The use of
detuned power capacitors thus contributes to reducing voltage
distortion through harmonics and lessens the disturbing effect on
proper operation of other electric loads.
Most international standards limit THD-V on LV side to 5%
However it has to be noted that in many grids these levels are
exceeded and even lower distortion, e.g. 3-4% THD-V can
generate extreme overcurrents in case of resonance condition.
Power capacitors have to be protected against short circuits by
fuses or thermal magnetic overcurrent relays. Slow-blow, lowvoltage high rupturing capacity fuses (HRC) are preferable. The
fuse rating should be 1.6 to 1.8 times the rated current of the
capacitor. Magnetic short circuit relays should be set to between
9 and 12 times rated current to prevent them responding to high
inrush currents.
Maximum overcurrents as specified under technical data of each
series must not be exceeded.
HRC fuses must not be used for switching as it results
in electric arcing which can cause death ! It may also cause
capacitor failures.
Make sure connection cables are of flexible type or flexible copper
bands are used. This is mandatory to allow the overpressure
disconnector work and avoid mechanical stress on the terminals
and feedthroughs. The connection cables to the capacitor should
be designed for a current of at least 1.5 times the rated current so
that no heat is conducted into the capacitor. If reactors are used
in an application, the distance between reactor and capacitor
must be great enough so that no heat of the reactors, which are
operating at a much higher temperature level, is conducted via
connection cable to the capacitors.
Switching of capacitors
When a capacitor is switched to an AC system, the result is a
resonant circuit damped to a greater or lesser degree. In addition
to the rated current, the capacitor accepts a transient current that
is a multiple of (up to 200 times), its rated current. Fast switching,
low-bounce contactors should be used, and have the switching
capacity for capacitive currents stated by the producer. Special
capacitor contactor with leading contacts that feature precharging
resistors to damp inrush currents are recommended. As per IEC
60831 standard, a maximum of 5,000 switching operations per
year is acceptable.
Discharging
Capacitors must be discharged to a maximum of 10% of rated
voltage before they are switched in again. This prevents an
electric impulse discharge in the application, influences the
capacitor's useful life in PFC systems, and protects against
electric shock. The capacitor must be discharged to 50 V or less
within 60 sec. There must not be any switch, fuse or any other
disconnecting device in the circuit between the power capacitor
and the discharging device.
Caution : Discharge capacitor before handling!
Capacitors in networks with harmonics
Harmonics are produced in the operation of electric loads with
a nonlinear voltage/current characteristic (e.g. rectifiers and
inverters for drives, welding apparatus and uninterruptible power
supplies). Harmonics are sinusoidal voltages and currents with
higher frequencies of a multiple of the 50 or 60 Hz line frequency.
In low-voltage three-phase systems the 5th and 7th harmonics
are especially troublesome. Detuned filter (capacitor and
reactor) should be used for power factor correction in systems
subject to harmonics. These represent a series resonant circuit
Resonance must be avoided by appropriate pannel design.
Resonance may cause very high overcurrents which can lead to
capacitor failures and worst case, to explosion and fire.
Connection
Avoid bending cable lugs, cables or other mechanical force on
the terminals. Otherwise leakages may set the safety device out
of operation.
Ensure firm fixing of terminals, fixing torque to be applied as per
individual specification.
Maximum specified terminal current (please refer to technical
data of specific series) must not be exceeded at any case.
Grounding
The threaded bottom stud of the capacitor has to be used for
grounding. In case grounding is done via metal chassis that the
capacitor is mounted to, the layer of varnish beneath the washer
and nut should be removed.
Storage and operating conditions
Do not use or store capacitors in corrosive atmosphere, especially
where chloride gas, sulfide gas, acid, alkali, salt or the like are
present. In dusty environments regular maintenance and cleaning
especially of the terminals is required to avoid conductive path
between phases and / or phases and ground.
Faliure to follow cautions may result, worst
case, in premature faliures, bursting and fire.
82
Reactive Power Solutions
Planning power factor correction
CHECK LIST
Introduction
This document shall help identifying the key application criteria for a secure and economic solution in Power Factor Correction (PFC).
Which loads have to be provided with Power Factor Correction?
Inductive loads
• Motors
• Transformers
Non-linear loads
• Converters, Rectifiers, Inverters, Choppers
• Electronic Valves Phase Controls
• Discharge lamps with Magnetic Ballasts
• Thyristor Controls, Three-Phase Controllers
• UPS units (inverter technology)
Attention! Non-linear loads generate harmonics.
What are the power demand and the duty cycle of the loads?
Power demand, duty cycle
• Constant power demand and long duty cycle
• Variable power demand and/or variable duty cycle
Solution
• Single- or group- fixed PFC
• Controlled central PFC
When is it necessary to install a detuned PFC system?
Please use the following chart to find out whether a detuned system is needed
• Sos : ST
• Detuning
• 0%... 10%
• Non-detuned
• >10%... 50%
• Detuned
• >40%...100%
• Detailed calculation needed, if necessary use of filter circuit
Abbreviations: Sos power of the harmonic generator in the own network
ST rated transformer power or installed load
A detuned PFC system is also necessary
• If one or more harmonic voltages in the MV mains are >2%, and/or
• If certain audio frequency control signals are used (see point 5)
Attention! Non-detuned and detuned capacitors must never be combined together.
Summarizing General Technical Data
Type of PFC parameters of the mains
• Fixed PFC
• Automatic control system
• Rated mains voltage/frequency ...V / ...Hz
• Control voltage/frequency ...V / ...Hz
PFC data
• Reactive power by rated mains voltage …KVAr
• Stages (sections) x reactive power …x…KVAr
• Detuning factor …%
Ambient conditions
• Protection IP …
• Ambient temperature min … °C
• max …°C
Note: *Other KVAr Rating / Voltage are Available on Request.
*Detuned Anti Resonance Filter APFC Panel on Request.
83
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