úfYaI l,dmh
wf.dai;
a = 2005
review
iqkdñ( udkjohdjd°
m%;spdrj,ska bf.k.ekSu
FMR Migration Review: irKd.;ùu iy wNHka;˙lj wj;ekaùu iïnkaOfhka
m<jk f,dalfha jeäu mdGl ixLHdjla lshjk iÛrdj
ixialdrljre
Marion Couldrey & Dr Tim Morris
∞hl;aj lghq;= ms<sn| iyhl
Sharon Ellis
Forced Migration Review
Refugee Studies Centre, Queen Elizabeth House, 21
St Giles, Oxford, OX1 3LA, UK
Email: fmr@qeh.ox.ac.uk
Tel: +44 (0)1865 280700 Fax: +44 (0)1865 270721
fjí wvúh
www.fmreview.org
fuu úfYaI l,dmh i|yd wruqo,a imhd
≥kafka my; kï i|yka ixúOdkhkah(
AUSTCARE
Concern
Brookings-Bern Project on
Internal Displacement
Christian Aid
Consortium of Humanitarian
Agencies, Sri Lanka
Department for International
Development (UK)
UN Office for the Coordination
of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)
World Vision Australia
World Vision Canada
World Vision USA
UNICEF
UNHCR Sri Lanka
Designed by Colophon Media.
Printed by Lazergraphic (pvt) Ltd
Sri Lanka
ISSN 1460-9819
ixialdrljrekaf.ka
bka†hdkq id.rh yryd 26 foieïnr® 2004
jeks †k .,d .sh iqkdñ /,a, ñka fmr
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b†˙mi ljrh( Y%S ,xldfõ uvl,mqj †ia;%slalfha jdih lrk <ufhl=f.a Ñ;%hla ^miqmi ljrh n,kak&
Corinne Owen
Forced Migration Review
iÛrdj mr®fhaIlhska" irKd.;hska" wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekajQjka iy Tjqka iu. tlg jev lrkakka
tlsfkld w;fr® m%dfhdaa.sl w;a±lSï" f;dr;=re iy
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wdkkao .,mam;a;s.......................................................................32
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fjd,agr® l,sk.a .........................................................................10
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mshd Tnfrdahs....................................................................................40
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laf,daähd yâiafm;a..................................................................19
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ldiagka fjda,aia.........................................................................26
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FMR l;=jre...........................................................................28
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4
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mjd lsis≥ ms<sirKla fkd,en isá wdm∞jg
m;a nqreu cd;slhskag úl,am iykdOdrhla
,nd.ekSu mjd wiSre úh' ;dhs wdKavqfõ
ks,Orfhda ls%hd;aul l< jevigykaj,ska
nqreu cd;slhka wE;alr ;enqjd muKla
fkdj iqkdñfhka miqj §kS;s úfrdaê
ixl%u◊lhd¶ hk f,an,h hgf;a m%dfoaYSh
fmd,sis úiska Tjqka w;awvx.=jg .kq ,en
nqreuhg kej; msg;afldg hjkakg;a
mgka .;ay'
wdkavqfõ ks,Odˉka cd;Hka;r udkjohdjd°
y†is iykdOdr fn∞°ï iïnka°lrKh
lsˉu m%;sfCIam l< wjia:d bka°hdfjkq;a
jdr®;d úh' iqkdñ wdm∞jg ,lajQ m%foaYj,
isá l=,ySk hehs ie,flk o,s;a ckhdg
m%dka;Sh ks,Odˉka iy iuyr ms˙ia w˙hd≥
l< wjia:d tug ;sìK' l=, l%uh u;
iudc Oqqrdj,sh;a wdêm;Hh;a w;r W.=f,a
meg,S isá" iqkdñ wdm∞fjka „ú;
.,jd.;a o,s;a ck fldgiaj,g jdr®;djQ
wkaoug Wiia l=,hg wh;a hehs
ie,flk, tfy;a wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQ
fjr<nv „j;ajk wfkl=;a m%cdjkaf.ka
;djld,sl ksjdi yd l|jqre i|yd
wjia:dj ,enqfka iaj,am jYfhks' irK
fidhd meñ◊ wjfYaI o,s;a ckhd t,jd
.kakd ,o nj;a jdr®;d úh' tajdf.au
wj;ekajQ o,s;a ckhdg wdKavqfõ ks,Odˉka"
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj, ldr®h uKav,
iy fjk;a isú,a iudc ixúOdk úiska
yosis iykdOdr fn∞°u fjk;a
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQ ckfldgia
j,lajd ¨ wkaou;a jdr®;d úh'
iqkdñ y†is iykdOdr m%;spdrhg ndOd
meñKjQ ;j;a wiSre lvq,a,la yeáhg
oreKq f,i wdm∞jg m;ajQ iuyr
m%foaYj, n,meje;ajQ yuq∞uh Wmdhsl
lreKq ±laúh yelsh' tu m%foaY w;˙ka
FMR iqkdñ
Mike Dubose/UMNS/ACT International
bka≥kSishdfõ wfÉ m%dka;h, Á ,xldfõ
W;=re kef.kysr m,d;a, bka†hdfõ
ksfldandr® ¥m;a ±laúh yelsh' 2003 uehs
udifha isg wfÉ m%dka;h mqrd y†is kS;sh
m%ldYhg m;alr ;snQ w;r finΩka
40"000 la tys jdä ,df.k isáhdy'
uE;ld,fhaos †h;a fldg ;snQ ler<s
ur®ok l%shdkaú;j, w;HjYH fldgila
yeáhg l|jqre kej; kej; msysgqùu"
iqkdñ wdm∞fjka miq iykdOdr fn°fï°
bka≥kSishdkq yuq∞j bgq l< jev fldgi"
újdohg ;=vq oS ;sfnk ne/lal ;=<g
.d,a lr ;snq wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQ
ckfldgia iïnkaëlrKh lsˉu" jeks
ldrKdj,° udkjohdjd° wdOdr iemhSfï
m%;sm;a;s iuÛ nrm;, w;rue†
iud∞khlg meñfKkakg tu
ixúOdkj,g is≥úh' Á ,xldfõ §uq∞
fkd.;a m%foaYj,"¶ tkï t,aààB
ixúOdkfha md,kh hgf;a mej;s" iqkdñ
wdm∞fjka ydkshg m;a fjr<nv
m%foaYj,g wdOdr heùu iïnkaOfhkao ta
yd iudk .egΩ we;s úh' tu m%foaYj,
iyk lghq;= b;d fyñysg isoaOjQfha
fld<U msysá wdKavqj iajlSh uOH.;
wêldˉ n,h blaujd hk ´kEu
hdka;%Khlg ;†kau úreoaOjQ ksidh'
fidaud,shdj ;=, uOHu wdKavqjla
fkdmej;Suo iykdOdr fn°fï° m%Yak
we;s lf<ah' bka†hdfõ WmdhSl kdúl
l|jqre msysgd ;sfnk ksfldandr® ¥m;aj,
iqkdñ iykfiajd yuq∞ kdhlFjh hgf;a
is≥jQ njg jdr®;d jQ w;r Tjqka wd†jdiS
iqkdñ m%;spdrfha foaYmd,kh
m%cdjka iy isú,a m,d;amd,k m˙md,k
hka;%ho fkd;ld w;a;fkdu;slj l%shd
l< nj;a jdr®;d úh'
wk;=rej iqkdñ iyk iy m%;sixjr®Ok
lghq;=j, ksr;j isá udkjohjdjd°
ldr®huKav, ;uka ,o m%;spdr we.ehqï
lrkakg mgka.;ay' wdm∞jg m;a tla
m%foaYhla ;=, muKla fkdj m%foaY fol
;=klu fiajfha fh≥Kq iuyr tackais
úúO foaYmd,k w;a±lSïj,g uqyqKfoñka
;uka ,o úúO m%;spdr ;=,kd;aul
mr®hdf,dalj, ;nd we.ehqï lrkq we;e’hs
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkq ,efí' iqkdñhg
fmrd;=j isgu Á ,xldj ;=, †.=ld,hla
;siafia l%shd;aul fjñka isá UNHCR iy
fjk;a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdk
iykdOdr m%h;akhka iïnkaOfhka wfÉ
m%dka;hg jvd yd;amiskau fjkia jQ
hym;a ;;a;jhlg Á ,xldfõ° uqyqK≥ka
neõ jdr®;d l,y'
wdm∞j ksid wNHka;rslj wj;eka jQ
ckfldgiaj, whs;sjdislï /l.ekSu
iïnkaOfhka mej;s ≥r®j,;djka tlS
ckfldgia tlafrdlaù isá m%foaYj,
m˙md,k yd foaYmd,k n,Odˉkaf.a
wjOdkhg ±ä f,i fhduq lrjk
,oafoah' fuf,i úfYaI l,dmhla m<
lrk FMR iÛrdfõ l;=jre iqkdñfhka
miq tu m%foaYj, kej; m†xÑjk ckhd
fjkqfjka hï hï lreKq iïnkaOfhka
,nd †h hq;= wdrCIK mshjr .ek
5
wmf.a wjOdkh fhduq fldg ;sfí' tajd
w;r iykdOdr myiqfjka ,ne.ekSu"
n,y;aldrfhka fjk;a ;ekaj, m†xÑ
lrùu" ,sx.sl;ajh iy ia;%m
S qreI
iudcNdjh mokï lr.;a m%pKavl%shd"
iafõÉPdfjkau wdrCIs; m%foaY lrd kej;
meñ”u" ke;sjQ ,smsf,aLk yd foafmd,
kej; ,nd°u" hkd† ldrKd ta w;r
fjhs' fï wdrCIK jev ms,sfj, uq,a
wjêh ;=,u ls%hdjg ;eìh hq;=h'
ukaoh;a ld,h .;ùu;a iu.u wdr®:sl"
iudc yd ixialD;sl whs;sho m˙ydkshg
m;ajk neúks' ckudOHh fjk;a ldrKd
.ek wjOdkh fhduq l<;a .egqï mj;sk
m%foaY ;=, iqkdñfhka wdm∞jg m;ajQ uy
ckfldgila fjfikakdy' rdcH wdrCIdfõ
yd ffoksl foaYmd,kfha .;sl;ajh .ek
l%udkql+, ;=,kd;aul ú.%yhla lsˉu
i|yd ld,h t,eU we;af;ah' tu
.;sl;ajh y†isfha my,jQ ;;a;ajhka
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQ ckhdg wdrCIdj
,nd°fuys,d Tjqkg Woõ lsˉfuys,d
fl;rï n,mdkafkao hkak ú.%y lsˉu
i|yd ld,h t,eU we;af;ah'
Bjd-f,dgd fyâuka Tlaia*â úYaj
úoHd,fha irKd.; wOHhk flakaøfha
fcHIaG mr®fhaIlfhls' wE ol=Kq wdishdfõ
.egqï .;slhka" m%pKav;ajh iy
wNHka;˙lj wj;eka ùu ms<sn| ldrKd
.ek úfYaI wOHhkhl ksr; j isà'
úoaHq;a ;emE,( eva-lotta.hedman@qeh.
ox.ac.uk
bka≥kSishdfõ nkavd
wfÉ m%foaYfha
fjr<nv mysá
ksjdij, iqkanqka
6
FMR iqkdñ
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh iqkdñ m%;spdrh
;lafiare lrhs
ue˙hka flda,afv% yd áï fud˙ia
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdr®:sl yd iudc ljqkais,h fj; b†˙m;a lr
we;s fï jdr®;dj udkjohdjd° m%;spdrj,ska bf.k .kakd ,o mdvï
fmkajd fohs' wdm∞jg m%;spdr ±laùu iy h<s f.dvke;Su i|yd
cd;sl Wreuhl yd kdhl;ajhl wjYH;dj" jvd;a fyd|
iïnkaëlrKh" iïm;a úksúoNdjfhka hq;=j fhd∞ .ekSu" isú,a
iudcfha iïnkaOh iy wj∞kï wvq lsˉu ms<sn| jeä ie,ls,a,
hk lreKq ksr®foaYhka uÛska wjOdrKh flfr®'
kdñhg f.d≥rejq rgj,a 12fya o<
jYfhka 2"40"000la ck;dj ñh
f.dia 50"000lg wêl ms˙ila
w;=reoykaj fyda urKhg m;aj fyda we;s
w;r oi ,laIhlg wêl ms˙ila
wj;ekaj we;' jeä jYfhkau mSvdjg
,la jQfha ≥mam;a fjr<nv m%cdjh'
iqkdñh n,mE fndfyda m%foaYj, ñh .sh
ldka;djkaf.a ixLHd ms˙ñkaf.a ixLHdj
fuka ;=ka .=Khls' úm;gm;a jQjkaf.ka
;=fkka tllau ksfhdackh jkafka <uqkaf.ks'
bka≥kSishdj" Á ,xldj yd fidaud,shdj
hk rgj,g iqkdñ m%ydrh t,a, jQfha
ixlSr®K yd †.=ld,sk hqoaOhl miqìu
u; jk w;r ta ksidu udkqIsl wdOdr
ixúOdkh lsˉu yd fn∞ yeˉu ms<sn|j
nrm;, wjq,ao we;s úh'
iqkdñh n,mE rgj,ska lreKq
wdhdpkdj,g m%;spdr jYfhka tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a wdm∞ ;lafiare yd
iïnkaëlrK lKavdhï rgj,a 18la
ksfhdackh lrñka iqkdñhg ,lajQ rgj,a
5lg jydu hjkq ,eìK' tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a ksfhda‚;dh;k 16la"
wka;r®cd;sl r;= l=rei $ r;= w~ i|
ix.ï iïfï,kfha m%;spdr lKavdhï"
160lg wêl wka;r®cd;sl rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdk iy .Kkh l< fkdyels ;rï
mqoa.,sl iud.ï yd foaYSh isú,a iudc
lKavdhï wOdr wjYH njg weia;fïka;=
l< ñ,shk 5lg wêl ck;djlg
laI◊l wdOdr" c,h yd ffjoH fiajd
imhd ≥kay' iyk fiajd lghq;= i|yd
rgj,a 35l yuq∞ ish iydh ≥kafka"
NdKav yd fiajd wdOdr iemehSu fjkqfjka
yd yuq∞ iïm;a m%fhdackhg .ekSu
iïnkaëlrKh i|yd tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
taldnoaO NdKav yd fiajd uOHia:dkh Á
,xldfõ yd bka≥kSishdfõ iïnka°lrK
uOHia:dk msysgq úh'
ksis fõ,djg ±lajqKq fï m%;spdr
fya;=fldg f.k frda. yd jix.;
;;a;jhka W∞fkdjq w;r ñ,shk foll
muK ck;djlg wdydr wdOdr yd y†is
ffjoHOdr ,eì◊' jHikfhka 6 uila
blaujk úg y†is wjYH;d bgq lr
;sìK' fndfyda l|jqrej, ikSmdrlaIl
myiqlï wka;r®cd;slj ms<s.;a wju
m%ñ;Skag o my< uÜgul mj;sk yuq∞
iqkdñfhka úm;g m;a yeu fokdgu
mdfya wjYH yd m%udKj;a ;rï ,efí' Á
,xldfõ ;djld,sl ksjdi 30"000la muK
b† lr we;s w;r bka≥kSishdfõ N+
p,kj,g Tfrd;a;= fok ksjdi 11"000la
b† fjñka mj;s' flfiajqjo h<s
f.dvke.Sfï ls%hdj,sh b†˙hg hñka
;sìh° jqj o ie,elsh hq;= udkjohdjd°
wjYH;djka - úfYaIfhka ldka;djka"
<uhska" iqΩ cd;ska yd ixl%u◊l
fiajlhka yd wj;ekajQjka w;r - ;j
udi lsysmhla hk ;=re mj;skq we;'
W∞yrKhla f,i" Á ,xldfõ mjq,a
9000lg jeä m%udKhla ;ju jdih
lrkafka l+vdrïj,h'
fidaud,shdj yereKq úg jHikh n,mEfõ
Yla;su;a cd;sl wdKaavq" fyd¢ka ixjr®Okh
jQ cd;sl wdh;k yd l%shd;aul kS;s
moaO;Ska we;s rgj,h' iyk lghq;=
idr®:l;ajhg fï ;;a;ajh fnfyúka
∞hl úh' uOHu wdKavqfõ wud;HdxYj,"
ikakoaO yuq∞j, - ;ju;a fyd¢ka
ls%hd;aulj mj;sk ;ekaj, - m,d;amd,k
wdh;kj, lemùfuka hq;= ∞hl;ajh
fndfyda m%foaYj, udkjohdjd° fufyhqï
i|yd jdis∞hl úh' wka;r®cd;sl yd
foaYSh iykfiajd ls%hdldˉka yd wdKavq
w;r iïnkaO;dj iykdOdr fn∞ yeˉu
i|yd myiqjla jQ w;r udkjohdjd° yd
uQ,sl h<s f.dvke.Sï lghq;= rdcH
wdh;kj,g Ndr°fï lghq;= o ir,
lf<ah'
iïnkaëlrKh
iqkdñh;a iuÛ tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh
ljr ∞ fyda uqyqK ≥ka úYd,u
wNsfhda.hg uqyqK ≥kafkah' isoaêfha ld,
kshuh yd m˙udKh úiska u. i,ikq
,enqfõ by< uÜgfï rdcH" mqoa.,sl yd
wdKavqj, iydh o iyk l%shdldrlï yd
ls%hdldˉkao m%udKd;aulj jeä lsˉugh'
W;=rd hk iyfhda.h wka;r®cd;sl
m%cdfõ ;Hd.YS,s;ajhg iy;slhla úh'
tfy;a ta iuÛu udkjohdjd° l%shdldˉka
fj; weia fhduq ù ;snqfKa Tjqka flfia
ls%hdlrkq weoao hkak .ek fukau Tjqka
úhoï lrk wruqo,a .ek flfia .sKqï
;nkq weoao hkak .ek n,dfmdfrd;a;= o
meye†<s f,i by< .sh fyhsks'
fmd≥fõ iïnkaëlrKh uekúka is≥ ú◊'
ldr®h uKav," WmlrK" m%jdyk yd
fjk;a iydh ,nd .ekSug mqoa.,sl
wxYh iuÛ iy wdOdr imhkakka iuÛ
mej;s mQr®j iqkdñ úêúOdk ksis fõ,djg
m%;spdr ±laùu i|yd fnfyúka bjy,a
úh' flfiajqjo iïnkaëlrKfhys hï
wvq mdvq ;sìK' iuyr ck;djg
iykdOdr fukau ;ukg wjYH iydhhka
,nd °ug fyd¢ka yelshdj we;s iyk
fiajlhka jqjukdjg;a jeäfhka ,eî
;sìK' ,enqKq wdOdr yeuúgu
wjYH;dj,g .e,efmk f,iu jQfha
ke;' udkjohdjd° wdOdr imhkakkaf.a
;onoh we;eï úg jer† ikaksfõokhg"
iykdOdr mudjg fukau ldr®hh
foms˙ila úiska lrkq ,eîugo fya;= úh'
m˙md,k wjYH;d ,sys,a lssˉug wdKavq
±lajQ leue;a; uQ,sl iykdOdr yd wdOdr
lKavdhï blau◊ka meñ”ug wdOdr
úh' flfiajqjo miqj fndfyda wjia:dj,
rgj,g we;=Ωùfï l%shdj,Ska ixlSr®K
úh' fï ksid iykdOdr fufyhqï i|yd
wdOdr jk ^m˙>Kl" úoHq;a ikaksfõok
WmlrK yd jdyk wd°& whs;uhka
fhd∞ .ekSfï m%udohla we;s úh' iuyr
wdKavq pkaøsld ;dlaIK Ndú;hg ;yxÑ
mekeúh' fï m˙md,kuh wjysr;d ksid
fnfyúka wjYH wdOdr fn∞yeˉu yd
iyk lghq;= fufyheùu ukao.dó úh'
wr®nqofha yq≥ úYd,;ajh ksid fukau
mqyqKq m<mqre≥ ldr®h uKav, jyd
ia:dk.; fldg mj;ajd f.k hdug
udkjohdjd° m%cdj wiu;a ùu o fya;=
fldg f.k jdiia:dk" c,h yd
ikSmdrlaIdj iemehSfï wvq¨yqvq we;s úh'
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ldr®huKav, ks,Odˉka
úYd, ixLHdjla meñfKoa† isú,a-yuq∞
iïnka°lrKh" ikaksfõokh yd
f;dr;=re l<uKdlrKh hk wxYj,
úfYaI ±kqula we;s ldr®h uKav,
fhoùfï m%udohka we;s ùuo m%;spdr
mSvdjg m;a l< lreKqh' udkjohdjd°
lghq;= iïnkaëlrK ldr®hd,fhka yd
udkjohdjd° f;dr;=re uOHia:dkj,ska
isú,añ,sg˙ iïnkaëlrK ks,Odˉka
idudkH m˙md,k ls%hd∞uh Tiafiau
hejqKq fyhska ta i|yd l,a .; úh' fï
wkqj ≥rl;k ikaksfõok moaê;Ska fhd∞
.ekSu ≥Ialr jQ w;r ms<s.;a m%ñ;Ska
fkdue;s ùfï fya;=j ksid o;a; /ia
lsˉu" úYaf,aIKh yd fn∞yeˉu mSvdjg
m;a úh' wkd.; wr®nqoj,g iQ∞kï ùfï
° NdjH udkjohdjd° m%;spdr yelshdj
jeä lsˉu i|yd lghq;= l< hq;=h' ta
i|yd jD;a;Sh ldr®h uKav,h yd
m˙md,kh Yla;su;a lsˉu yd mqΩ,a
lsˉuo foaYshj we;s úfYaI{ ±kqu yd
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj, Yla;sh
Wmfhda.S lr .; yels in|;d i|yd
iydh ±laùuo wjYH fõ' mj;sk
m%dfoaYSh yd l,dmSh myiqlï u;
wdrïNl m%;spdr †h;a l< yels
iïmQr®K n,h iys; ia:djr f.da,Sh
m%;spdr hdka;%Khla tlai;a cd;Ska hgf;a
we;s lsˉfuka iykdOdr yd wdOdr
lKavdhï wm%udoj msg;a lr heùfï
yelshdj we;s fõ'
wjYH;d iy .=jka hdkd" keõ" jdyk"
ñksia n,h yd wfkl=;a yuq∞ foam< fhd∞
.ekSu;a w;r jvd fyd| .e,emSula i|yd
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh iqkdñ m%;spdrh ;lafiare lrhs
7
IRIN/Edward Parsons
FMR iqkdñ
by< uÜgfï isú,a-ñ,sg˙ iïnkaO;djla
wjYH fõ' laI◊l yd ksr®f,daNS yuq∞
m%;spdr" <Ûdùug wmyiq fndfyda
ck;djka fj; hdug yelshdj ,nd ≥ka
kuq;a iuyr wjia:dj, yuq∞ yd isú,a
l%shdld˙lhka hk fomdr®Yjfha lghq;=o
tlg mg,eú◊' iykdOdr nvq NdKav tajd
w;HjYHu ia:dk fj; fhda.H ms<sfj,g
yd ksis m%udKfhka yeu úgu fn°
fkd.sh w;r iykdOdr ,nd fok ;j;a
wxYhkao jr®Okh úh' fï wr®nqo
weúiaiqfka yuq∞ wK°ï jHqyh ms<sn|
m%udKj;a jegySula fkdùu;a yuq∞ wxY
yd udkjohdjd° m%cdj w;r f;dr;=re
fn∞y∞ .ekSfï ≥r®j,;dka ksidh' iqkdñh
mQr®jdor®Yhla we;s l< w;r wkd.;
udkjohdjd° fufyhqïj, ° yuq∞j
ie,lsh hq;= fufyjrla bgq lrkq ,eîug
fnfyúka bvlv ;sfí' ta ksidu yuq∞j
yd udkjohdjd° yjq,alrejka w;r jvd
fyd| ikaksfõok udr®. yd iïnkaëlrK
jev ms<sfj, we;s lr .ekSu w;sYhska
jeo.;ah'
fndfyda wjia:dj, tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
fkajdisl udkjohdjd° iïnkaëlrK
ks,Od˙hdg kdhl;ajh iemehSug wjYH
ldr®huKav, iïm;a .sÛ úh' wdrïNfha
isgu h<s f.dvke.Sfï lghq;= mgka
.ekSfï yelshdjla fukau jeo.;a
iïnkaëlrk lghq;= iïmdokh lsˉfï
yelshdjla fjkqfjka wdOdrl
ldr®huKav,hla jydu Tjq fj; ,nd°u
jeo.;ah'
jHikfhka f.dv tafï lghq;=
iïnkaëlrKh l< hq;af;a ljqrekao
hkak meye†<s lr .ekSug cd;Hka;r
m%cdjg wjYHh' jHikhg m%;spdr ±laùu
fïjk úg cd;Hka;rj ms<s.ekqKq
m%ñ;Skag wkqj yev .eiS we;s w;r mqΩ,a
mrdihl ls%hdldˉka iïnkaO jk
jHikfhka miq h<s f.dvke.Sfï lghq;=
i|yd iïu; iïnkaëlrK jHqyhla
ke;' fuh rgj,aa uÜgfï cd;Hka;r
iïnkaëlrKfha ° úfYaIfhka i;H jk
w;r fkajdisl iïnka°ldrlhkg
m%udKj;a iydhla ke;s fya;=j u; fuh
;j;a ;Sõr fõ'
wj;ekaùu yd wdrCIdj ms<sn|
wNsfhda.
iqkdñh is≥ jQ fudfydf;au wj;ekajQ ck
ixLHdj oY ,laIhla nj weia;fïka;=
lr we;' i;s lSysmhlg miq ;;a;ajh
ia:djr ùu yd ck;dj kej;;a ;u fï
m%foaY fj; wdmiq tkakg mgka .ekSu
ksid ;djld,slj wj;ekajQ ms˙i wvq
jkakg úh' wj;ekajQ ck;dj úisˉhdu;a
^úfYaIfhka wfÉ m%dka;fha&" i;aldrl
iqkdñfhka mSvdjg m;a úúO ;rd;srïj,
ck;djf.a úúO wjYH;dj,g .e<efmk
m˙† iyk lghq;= ie,eiqï lsˉfï°
wka;r®cd;sl m%cdjg fukau foaYSh
n,Odˉkago wNsfhda.hla úh' ck;dj
;djld,slj kej; m†xÑ lrùfï uQ,sl
lghq;= Á ,xldfõ yd bka≥kSishdfõ
foaYmd,k ;;a;ajhka u; o ud,†jhsfka
l,ska is≥ l< kej; m†xÑ lsˉï u; o
;j≥rg;a ixlSr®K úh'
wj;ekajQ ck;djf.a úfYaI wjYH;djka
laI◊lj bgq lr °u w;HdjYHh'
udkjohdjd° ms<sfj; jkafka yels;dla
fokdf.a „ú; wdrlaId lr .ekSug
wjYH ≤ ,nd °ug W;aidy .ekSu ksid
wj;ekajQ whg wjYH úfYaI wdrlaIdj
yd iykdOdr i|yd wjOdkh fhduq l<
hq;=h' l,ska meje;s wiudk;d h<s we;s
fkdjk wdldrfhka yd iykdOdr idOdrK
f,i fn° hdu iy;sl lrkq jia
wdrïNfha isgu iykdOdr ie,eiqï lsˉfï
° Tjqka iïnkaO lr .ekSu wjYHh'
wj;ekajQjkaf.a yd i;aldrl mjq,aj,
wdrlaIdj ie,eiSfï° yd Tjqkg iydh
°fï° úfYaI mshjr .ekSug m%uqL;ajh ta
ksid †h hq;=h' wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjka
i|yd jk tlai;a cd;Skaf.a kshuq
m%;sm;a;1s iajdNdúl wdm∞jka fj; jHdma;
l< hq;=h'
m˙;HdYS,skaf.a ksr®f,daNS;ajh ksid
wruqo,a fhd∞ .eksfï wNsfhda.
ckkh ùu
iqkdñ jHikh rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl
fowxYfhau fmr kQjQ úrE wkqlïmdjla
yd iïm;a .,d taula cks; lf<ah' t'cd'
weia;fïka;= wkqj fvd,r® ì,shk 6'8l
wdOdr uqo,a i|yd m%;s« ,eî we;( rdcH
wxYj,ska fvd,r® ì,shk 5'8 lao" iud.ï
yd mqoa.,sl m˙;Hd.j,ska fvd,r® ì,shk
1 lao jYfhks' udkjohdjd° yd h<s
f.dvke.Sfï lghq;= fjkqfjka tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh l< y†is b,a,Sug
m%;spdr olajñka †k 15la we;=<; wjYH
uqo, jQ fvd,r® ì,shk 977ka 60] lau
tlaflda tl;= úh" ke;skï ,nd fok
njg m%;s{d ,eî we;' udkjohdjd°
Á ,xldfõ
yïnkaf;dg°
iqkdñh úiska
/f.k wd
fndaÜgqjla jy<h
u; m;s;ùu ksid
leã ì£ .sh ksjila
miqlrñka iykdOdr
nvq u,a,la /f.k
hk f.ysñfhls
8
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh iqkdñ m%;spdrh ;lafiare lrhs
lghq;= ms,sn| iïnkëlrK ldr®hd,fha
(OCHA) uQ,H wëCIK fiajd wxYh
(FTS) weia;fïka;= l< wkaoug 2005
cQks udih jk úg wNshdpkh fjkqfjka
tlai;a ckmo fvd,r® ñ,shk 880 la
tl;= ù ;sìK' ;j;a tlai;a ckmo
fvd,r® ñ,shk 162 la ,nd fokakg
fmdfrdka≥ ù ;sìK' iqkdñ wdOdr
fndfyduhla ,eî we;af;a IFRC ^fvd,r®
ì,shk 2'2la Tjqka fj; ,eî we;& yd
úYd, rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk we;=Ωj
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a fkdjk udr®. Tiafiah'
nyq, jYfhka uQ,H iïm;a ;sîu ksid
wruqo,a fidhd .ekSu .ek fkd fjfyiS
lghq;= lsˉug udkqISh m%cdjg bv
ie,eiqKq w;r fmr lS wdldrfha
m˙;Hd. úiska we;s lrkq ,enq
Yllaa;su;a uq,H j;djrKh úiska
udkjohdjd° ixúOdk fj; mSvk
t,a,jQfha ta uqo,a jyd jeh lrk
f,igh' iqúYd, uQ,H iïm;a o wdOdr
≥ka wdh;k úiska blau◊ka m%;sM,
wfmalaId lsˉuo ksid fndfyda ixúOdk
iud.ï jHdmD;s wdrïN lrñka tajd
ls%hdjg kexjQfha iqúYd, ldr®h uKav, o
fhd∞ .ksñks' laI◊l l%shdld˙;ajh
i|yd ;snqKq Wkka≥j yuqfõ fndfyda
wka;r®cd;sl l%shdld˙kg yeÛS .sfha
Tjqkaf.a cd;sl yd foaYSh yjq,alrekao
fkd;ld y˙k njls'
UNICEF/HQ050129/Jim Holmes
bka≥kSishdfõ nkavd
wfÉ fjrf<ka
lsf,daógr 4la muK
wE;ska msysgd ;sfnk
ù†hls
iuyr wjia:dj, iyk lghq;=j,
fh°ug yels m%udKhg wjYH uqo,a
m%udKh fnfyúka blaujd hk uqo,a
iuyr ixúOdkj,g ,eî ;sìK' ;ukaf.a
l,ska ie,eiqï jyd fjkia fldg ,eî
;snqKq wdOdr uqo,a m%fhdackhg .kakd
wdldrh ms<sn|j ikaksfõokh lsˉug yd
jdr®;d lsˉug kj l%fudamdhka ilia
lsˉugo we;eï ixúOdkj,g is≥úh'
uyck úYajdih mj;ajd f.k hdu
i|yd udkjohdjd° ixúOdk b;s˙ jk
uqo,a fhdojkafka l=ulgo hkak mfil
;sìh† - ;u wfmalaIs; jHdmD;s ms<sn|
wdOdr iemhqjka fj; ksis m˙† ±kqï
fok nj iy;sk l< hq;=h'
iqkdñ m%;spdr i|yd wdOdr ,nd °ug
wΩ;ska tla jq m˙;Hd.YS,Ska ;j≥rg;a
wkd.; wdm∞jkayS†;a tf,iu wdOdr
lsˉug fmd<Ujkq jia meye†,sj
m%or®Ykh l< yels .sKqï jdr®;d ;nd
.ekSu yd j.lSu wjYHh' udkjohdjd°
m%cdj i;=j udkj ia:dms; .sKqïlrK
hdka;%Khla meje;sho úfYaIfhka
mqoa.,sl wxYfhka iqkdñ wdOdr f,i
,enqKq fyda m%;s« ≥ka fyda ±jeka; uqo,a
m%udKh fya;= fldg f.k tajd úhoï
lrkafka l=uk whq˙kao hkak .ek ±ä
ksˉlaIKhl wjYH;dj ±ä ù ;sfí'
m%isia fjdagr®yjqia l+mr®ia kï
wka;r®cd;sl .sKqïlrK wdh;kh jydu
.sKqï lghq;= lsˉug;a" tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
laI◊l wdhdpkhg wkqj ,nd °ug
m˙;Hd.YS,Ska úiska fmdfrdka≥ fjk ,o
uqo,a tl;= lr .ekSug;a" y†is wdhdpk
i|yd fmdfrdka≥ jq uqo,a tl;= lr
.ekSfï j;auka tlai;a cd;Skaf.a l%shd
ms<sfj; jeä †hqKq lsˉug;a fkdñf,a
iydh oSug b†˙m;aj isà'
fmr w;a±lSï - 1998 ñÑ iq<s iq<x yd
2003 foieïnrfha brdlfha N+ñlïmdj fmkajd fokafka jHikhka ms<sn|
m%jD;a;s m< jQ jydu myiqfjka wdOdr
.,d tk kuq;a wjOdkh flfuka úhelS
hdu;a iu.u ,efnk wdOdr o úh,S hk
njhs' jHikh i|yd wdOdr ,nd .ekSfï
bv m%ia:d we;s ljqΩj mgq fukau
fláld,Sk nj y∫kd.ekSfïka miq wdOdr
,nd .ekSu i|yd l< wdhdpkh
iqkdñfhka miq h<s f.dvke.Sfï lghq;=
olajd jHdma; le˙◊' fï kuH;dj ksid
jdiia:dk" „jfkdamdh ixjr®Okh" laIqø
hÜ;, myiqlï hk m˙irh i|yd
wruqo,a kxjd .ekSugo h<s f.dvke.Sfï
ie,iqï yd jev igyka blaukska wdrïN
FMR iqkdñ
lsˉug o yelshdj ,eî we;' h<s
f.dvke.Sfï ldr®hhka olajd wdOdr
b,a,d isàfï wdhdpkd jHdma; lsˉu yeu
jHikhlg miq is≥ lefrk fia ia:djr
jev ms<sfj,la njg m;a l< hq;=h' tla
iúia;rd;aul jev ms<sfj,lg f.dkq l<
fmd≥ uQ,H udr®. o;a; mokula we;s lr
.ekSfuka - ks, jYfhka ,efnk wdOdr"
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk yd mqoa.,sl
wxYfha m˙;Hd. - h,s f.dvke.Sfï
ie,eiqï lsˉug yd ls%hd;aul lsˉug
myiqjla ie,efikq we;'
iykdOdr yd ixjr®Okh w;r
ysvei mshùu
h<s f.dvke.Sï ie,eiqï lsˉfï yd
ls%hdjg kexùfï l%shdj,sfha° uq, isgu
cd;sl ysñlula yd iyNd.S;ajhla we;s
lr .ekSu w;HdjYHh' h<s f.dvke.Sï
jevigyka úm;gm;a ck;djf.a
yelshdjka yd wjYH;djka h<s f.dvke.Sfï
jevigykaj,° ie,els,a,g .kakd nj
iy;sl lrkq jia foaYSh wdm∞
l,ukdlrK m%ùKhkaf.a yd
ldr®ñlhkaf.a iyNd.S;ajh jeo.;ah'
y†is iykdOdr iemehSfï m<uq
w†hfr®°u l,a we;sj h<s f.dvke.Sfï
ie,eiqï fj;o wjOdkh fhduq lsˉu
ck;djg h,s ish fomhska keÛS isàug
wdOdr úh' bka≥kSishdfõ iqkanqka bj;a
lsˉu i|yd §jev i|yd uqo,a¶ f;audj
hgf;a l%shd;aul l< jev ms<sfj,ska .fï
wdr®:slhg uqo,a .,d wdfõ ta jevj,
ksr; jQ 11"000la fokd udkisl
m%fndaOhlg o m;a lrñks' flfiafj;;a
we;eï fndfyda m%foaYj, l,a we;sj hï
f.dvke.Sï lsˉu myiq fkdjQfõ
mdrj,aj,g is≥j ;snQ ydksh l,a we;s
b†lsˉï i|yd wjYH nvq NdKav
m%jdyKh ms<sn| .egΩ we;s l< fyhsks'
hkaf;%damlrK we;s fm!oa.,sl
fldka;%d;alrejkaf.a fukau fmdfrdka≥j
isák fldgialrejkaf.a yelshdjka
fhd∞ .ekSfuka yd
.=jka m%jdykh
Ndú;d lsˉfïka fï
.egΩ ksrdlrKhg
iydh úh yelsh'
wj∞kï wvq lsˉfï
mshjr jHikfhka
miq h<s f.dvke.Sfï
fufyjr njg m;a
ls˙u i|yd mqΩ,aj
úys≥Kq hdka;%Khla
tlai;a cd;Skg
ke;' h<s
f.dvke.Sfï
jevms<sfj,g
iydh°u i|yd
;dlaIK
úfYI{hka heùfï
ms<sfj, jeä†hqKq
lsˉug;a h<s
f.dvke.Sfï yd
mSvd wju lsˉfï,e
ue†y;a ùu i|yd
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh iqkdñ m%;spdrh ;lafiare lrhs
9
Fritz Institute
FMR iqkdñ
wruqo,a fhdok njg iy;sl ùug;a
iq≥iq w.ehsï l%ufõohla y∫kd .ekSfï
wjYH;dj mj;s'
isú,a iudch yd foaYSh ne£u
iykdOdr yd h<s f.dvke.Sfï fufyjr
i|yd isú,a iudch wm%udK ∞hl;ajhla
,nd ° we;' m,d;a wdKavq yd cd;sl
n,Odˉka iu. iyfhda.fhka h<s
f.dvke.Sfï fufyhqï ixúOdkh lsˉu
i|yd foaYSh ;dhs ksfhda‚;dh;kj,
iydh w;HjYH jQ w;r Tjqka ksid
fkdfõ kï wu;lj .sh yelsj ;snqKq
nqreu ixl%u◊l fiajlhka iy uqyq≥
f.da;%slllhkaf.ka fYaIj idïm%∞hsl
meje;aula we;s tlu iqΩ ck fldÜGdYh
jk fuflka cd;slhka fj; TjQyQ
wjOdkh fhojQy' bka≥kSishdfõ wfÉ h<s
f.dvke.Sfï uKav,h rcfha m%Odk
m%;sksr®udK ie,eiau jeä †hqKq lsˉu
i|yd tlai;a cd;Skag iy wka;r®cd;sl
uQ,H wdh;;j,g o tlai;a cd;Skgo
Wmfoia yd iydh ,nd ≥kafkah' wfÉ
m%dka;fha isú,a iudch iuÛ mqΩ,a f,i
l< idlÉPd ie,eiqï l%shd∞uh ms<sn|
úYajdih ;j≥rg;a by< kexùh'
h<s f.dvke.Sfï jevigyka úm;g m;a
ck;djf.a yelshdjka yd wjYH;djka
ms<sn|j Tjqkaf.ao iyNd.S;ajfhka is≥
flfrk ukd weia;fïka;=jla mokïj is≥
l< hq;= nj mqΩ,aj jgyd f.k we;s
w;ru m%dfhda.slj fuh yeu úgu tfia
ù ke;' fndfyda rgj, úm;gm;a
ck;dj h<s f.dvke.Sfï jegigykaj,g
ish ∞hl;ajh ,nd fkd.ekSfï ldrKh
u;= lr we;'
wdrïNfha isgu wka;r®cd;sl l%shdldˉka
ta ta rgj, rdcH ks,Odˉka iu.
in|;d f.dvk.d f.k ;sìK' úm;g
m;a rgj, wdKavq iyk lghq;= lefrk
ld,fha ° ish n,h flaJø lr .ekSug
W;aidy fkdl< kuq;a iyk ie,iSfï
lghq;= i|yd Wm-cd;sl uÜgïka in|;d
we;s lr .ekSu yd iïnkaëlrKh
ms<s.af;ah' flfiajqjo iqkdñh m%or®Ykh
lf<a m,d;a wdh;k jHqyh i;=j
iïnkaëlrK lghq;= is≥lsˉug ;rï
iïm;a fkdue;s njhs' ndysr
ksfhda‚;hd;k yd m,d;a md,k wdh;k
mQr®j jHik ie,eiqï ilia lsˉug;a
m%dfoaYSh ixúOdkj, m%;spdr ±laùfï
yelshdj f.dvekexùug;a tlg tlaj
lghq;= lsˉu wjYHh'
wdm∞j, n,mEfuka ;u foam, fukau
;u „ú; wdrlaIdj i,id .ekSu i|yd
±ä wj∞kï iys; ck;djg n,h
mejeˉfï wjYH;dj iqkdñh úiska
u;=lr fmkajd fokq ,en we;' wdm∞jg
uqyqK °fï m%cd uQ,sl iQ∞kul ie,eiqï
jeä†hqKq lsˉu - wdydr yd fnfy;a
/ialr ;nd .ekSfï isg .xj;=r
;r®ckh mj;sk m%foaYj, neñ b†lsˉu
olajd;a" mdi,a úIh ud,dfõ iy .=re
mqyqKq mdGud,dj, jHikj,g iQ∞kï
ùu fldgila lsˉu - hï muKlg
wdm∞j,ska ydks wvq ùug fya;= jkq we;'
wk;=re wÛùula l< úg ksis l%shdudr®.
.ekSu i|yd m%dfoaYShj l,a we;sj
wk;=re weÛùï lsˉfï moaO;s"
N=ñlïmdj,g Tfrd;a;= fok f.dvke.s,s
b† lsˉu" m,d hd yels udr®. y∫kd.
ekSu iy tlÛjqKq ikaksfõok yd
f;dr;=re l%fudamdhka w;HdjYHh'
Yla;su;a há;, myiqlï fukau Yla;s
iïmkak isú,a iudc m%;sM, f,i we;s
jk M,∞hs wdr®:sl jr®Okhka i|yd
†.=ld,Sk iyfhda.h ,nd °u iajdNdúl
úm;a;sj,ska .e,eùfï iQ∞kñka isáu
iy;sl lsˉug cd;Skg Woõ jkq we;'
wka;r®cd;sl m%cdj ck;d uQ,sl l,a ;nd
wk;=re weÛùfï moao;shla fjkqfjka
wdfhdackh l< hq;=h' wdm∞ ;lafiarej"
wjfndaO;d kexùu yd iQ∞kï ùfï mshjr
Bg we;=<;a úh hq;= w;r túg l<
hq;af;a l=ula ±hs ck;dj okakd ksid
wk;=re weÛùïj,g wkqj l%shd lsˉug
Tjqkg mqΩjk'
m%;spdr ±laúfï yd h<s f.dvke.sfï
ie,eiqï úm;g m;a ck;djf.a
yelshdjka yd wjHYH;djka Tjqka iu.
iyNd.S;ajfhka lefrk úYajdijka;
;lafiare u; mokï úh hq;= jk w;r
ta wkqj m%dfoaYSh uq,msˉï" iïm;a yd
yelshdjka iïmQr®Kfhka f;areï .ekSu
yd Wmfhda.s lr .ekSu is≥ jkafkah'
WmfoaYk hdka;%K yd m%uqL;aj ie,eiSï
l%shdldrlï h<s f.dvke.Sfï ms<sn|
m%uqL;dj" jevfldgia yd j.lSï iy
iïm;a ms<sn| talu;sl;ajhla
f.dvke.Sug ∞hl jkafkah' ó<Û
jHikh myr t,a, lsˉug fmr m%;spdr
olajk m%cdj iqkdñfhka bf.k .;a
mdvï igyka lr m;=rejd yeˉfï bvlv
uÛ fkdye˙h hq;=h'
ECOSOC jdr®;dfõ m<jQ lrKq f;dard
kej; ilia fldg fuu ,smsh iQodkï
lrk ,oafoa FMR l;=jreka úisks'
§bka°h id.rh we;sjQ iqkdñ wdm∞fjka
miq y†is iykdOdr" mqkre;a:dmkh"
m%;sixúOdkh" m%;sldrh iy je,elaùu
hkd†h Yla;su;a lsˉu( tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
f,alïjrhdf.a jdr®;dj¶ 2005 cQ,s'
www.un.org/docs/ecosoc wvúfhka ,nd
.; yelsh' jdr®;djg imhk ,o wr®:
ksrEmK iy wjOdrK FMR
l;=jrekaf.a tajd ñi tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
fkdfõ'
1.www.brook.edu/fp/projects/idp/gp_page.htm
;djlåd,sl ksjdi" Á
,xldj
10
FMR iqkdñ
iajNdúl wdmod iy wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekajQjkaf.a whs;j
s dislï
iqkdñhg f.d≥re ù osú .,jd.;a mqoa.,hskag wdOdr iemhSu i|yd
f;areï.; yels wj;ekajQjka yosis l%shdj,sh ;=, tlS fÄojdplh
ksid n,fhka wj;ekajQjka i;= udkj whs;Ska iq/lSu kï ldrKh
i|yd ,nd° ;snqKq wjOdkh kï m%udKj;a fkdfõ'
rCIdj ms<sn| jeo.;a f;aud f,i
my; i|yka lreKq ±laúh
yelsh( wdOdr ,nd .ekSug we;s
yelshdj" wdOdr ,nd°fï° we;súh yels
mCI.%dyS;ajh" n,fhka fjk;a m%foaYj,
m†xÑlrùu" ,sx.sl yd ia;%SmqreI
iudcNdú m%pKav;ajh" orejka igkaldó
lKavdhïj,g n|jd .ekSu" ,sms f,aLk
ke;sùu" wdrCIs; yd iafjÉPdfjka kej;
meñKSug we;s yelshdj fyda kej;
m†xÑh iy foam, jka† ms<sn| jdo
úIhkao iqkdñhg f.d≥re jQ rgj,a jv
jvd;a wdOdr iemhSfï isg m%;sixialrK
lghq;= fj;g m˙jr®;kh j;au udkj
whs;Ska ms<sn| m%Yak wduka;%Kh lsˉug
we;s wjYH;dj m%Odk fõ'
fjk;a iajNdúl wdmod ms<sn|
w;a±lSïj,ska wmg fmkajd ° we;s
lreK kï i;s fyda udi fyda lSmhla
;=,° wj;ekajQjkag ;u ksfjiaj,g
kej; meñKsh fkdyels jk wjia:dj,oS
kj jdiia:dk ,nd .; fkdyels jk
wjia:d j,° udkj whs;Ska
W,a,x>khùfï wjldY jeä jk njh'
iajNdúl wdmod ikaor®Nh ;=,°" wj;eka
jQ ld, iSudj jeäj;au mCI.%dyS ie,lSï
iy wdr®:sl $ iudc $ ixialD;sl whs;Ska
W,a,x>kh lsˉï jvd;a ;Sõr úh yelsh'
fndfyda úg fujka W,a,x>Khka is;d
u;d ie,iqïl, fyda l%shd;aul l, fyda
tajd fkdj" kqiq≥iq m%;sm;a;sj, m%;sM,
fõ' fï ksid wod, udkj whs;Ska
wdrCIKhka ms<sn| uq, isgu
ie,ls,a,la ±lajqjfyd;a" fï ;;a;ajfhka
myiqfjkau u.yrjd .; yelsh'
wNHka;˙l wj;ekaùu ms<sn|
udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;1s u.ska wdmod
u.ska we;s lrk ,o wj;ekaùfï
;;a;aj,° udkj whs;Ska ms<sn|
wNsfhda. wduka;%Kh lsˉug m%;sudKl
jHqyhka imhd fohs' fï m%;sm;a;s
fya;=fldgf.k ;u ksfjia yerhkakg
is≥fjk mqoa.,hska fndfydafofkl=
wj;ekaùug fya;= l=ula jqjo tl yd
iudk .eg:Z iuqodhlg uqyqKmEug
is≥fjk nj kï ms,s.ekSug is≥fõ' fï
ksid hï m%;sm;a;s u.ska" wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekajQ mqoa.,hska hk moh i|yd
mq:Z,a ksr®jpkhla fhdod .kS' tkï"
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjka hkq ;u
ksfjia fyda ;uka iïm%odhslj jdih l,
m%foaYj,ska .egqï yd isú,a
fld,yd,j,g wu;rj iajNdúl wdmod
ksido mek hkakg is≥ jQ mqoa.,hska
jYfhks'
mYapd;a iajNdúl wdmodj,oS
meye†,sj ±l.; yels udkj
whs;Ska ms<sn| wNsfhda.
wdOdr ,nd .ekSug we;s m%fõYh(
wNHka;rslj wj;ekajQjkag cd;sl
n,OdrSkaf.ka wdrCIdj iy wdOdr b,a,d
isàug yd ,nd .ekSug whs;shla ;sfí'
idudkHfhka" iqkdñ ;;a;ajhkag uqyqK
mE hk fldgiaj,g iS.%fhka wdOdr
iemhSug fndfyda rdcHhka Wkka≥jka
fmkakqï lr we;' tfukau úfoaY wdOdr
wjYH jQ rdcH tajd ,nd .kafka
cd;Hka;r m%cdfõ iyNd.S;ajh we;sjh'
;ukag tjka wdOdr iemhSfï yelshdjka
fkdue;s wjia:dj,° jqjo" wdOdr wjYH
m%cdjka fj; hdug we;s udr®. wiqrd
fkd±ñh hq;=h' wdmodjkag ,la jQ
mqoa.,hska fj; wdOdr f.khdu i|yd
wjYH n,m;% ,nd .ekSfï£ we;s úh
yels wkjYH m%udoùï jeks wdOdr iSud
lsˉï u;= fkdùug rchka j. n,d .;
hq;=h'
mCI.%dyS fkdùu( iajNdúl wdmodj,ska
miqj udkqIsl wdOdr iy kej;
ia:dk.;lsˉu i|yd wjYHjk wdOdr
fnodyeˉfï° iy kej; m†xÑlrùu
ms<sn| ;SrK .ekSfï° mCI.%dyS
;;a;ajhka u;= úh yelsh' udr®f.damfoaYl
m%;sm;a;sj,ska ia:sr lr ;sfnk wdldrhg
wdOdr ,nd †h hq;af;a °r®>ld,Skj
ms,sf.k we;s udr®f.damfoaYl uOHia:Ndjh
iy mCI.%dyS fkdùu hk m%;sm;a;sj,g
wkql+,jh' tkï ckjr®.h" cd;sh" wd.u
fyda l=,h u; mCI.%dyS fkdúh hq;=
w;r iajNdúl jHikhkaf.ka
wj;ekajQjkag jvd jeä ie,ls,a,la
.egqïj,ska wj;ekajQjkag fkd±laúh
hq;=h' wdOdr fnod yeˉfï° is≥jk
wiudk;d ksid udkj whs;Ska ms<sn|
m%;sm;a;s W,a,x>kh ùug wu;rj"
tu.ska we;sjk wd;;Ska ksid
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjkaf.a wdrCIdjgo
;r®ck t,a, fõ' fï fya;=fjkaa Tjqka
kej; iudchg wkql,kh lsˉfï
l%shdj,sh jvd;a ixlSr®K jk w;ru"
cd;sl iudodk lghq;= wvd, lsˉuo
is≥úh yelsh'
ldka;djka iy orejka wdrCId lsˉu(
udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s u.ska
ldka;djkaf.a iy orejkaf.a wjYH;d
fj; úfYaI wjOdkh fhduqlrk f,i
b,a,d isà' úfYaIfhka l|jqre ;=,
Tjqkag ,sx.sl w;jr iy ia;%SmqreI
iudcNdù m%pKav lghq;=j,g jv jvd;a
uqyqK£ug is≥ùu ksid .Dyia:
m%pKav;ajhg uqyqK°fï jeä wjodkula
fjda,agr® l,ska
mj;S' wdydr m˙md,khg Tjqkaj iyNd.S
lr fkd.kakd úg ldka;djkag ,sx.sl
w;rj,g uqyqK mEug is≥ùfï m%jk;dj
iS.%fhka jeä fõ' tfukau" fi!LH fiajd
,nd .ekSu iy m%ckk fi!LH hk
lreKq iïnkaOfhka ldka;djkag úfYaI
wjYH;d mj;S' ;u foudmshka yd ksjdi
wysñ jQ orejka yuqodj,g n|jd.ekSfï
jeä wjodkuo mj;S'
udkj iïm;a cdjdru( mqoa.,hska wj;eka
jQ úg" mjq,a tlsfkldf.ka fjka jQ úg"
orejkag ;u foudmshka ke;sjq úg iy
„jfkdamdhka úkdY jQ úg udkj iïm;a
cdjdru u;=ùfï jeä wjodkula mj;S'
wOHdmkh ,nd .ekSug we;s yelshdj(
wj;eka jQ orejka iajNdúl jHikhlska
miqj iefklska kej; mdie,a fj; fhduq
lsˉï jeo.;a jkafka wOHdmkh ,nd
.ekSug Tjqka i;= whs;sh iïnkaOfhka
u;=úh yels ndOd wju lr .ekSu
i|ydh' tfukau" th Tjqkaf.a
ufkdaúoHd;aul Y=NidOkhgo w;HjYH
fõ' mdie,a hdu ;=,ska orejka yuqodj,g
nojd .ekSu iy udkj iïm;a cdjdru
we;=:Z wfkl=;a wjodkï ;;a;ajhkag
uqyqK mEug ;sfnk wjldY wvqfõ'
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjkag mdie,a
f.dvke.s,sj, wdjrKh imhd oS
we;akï" wj;eka fkdjQ iy wj;eka jQ
orejkaf.a wOHdmkhg ndod we;súh
yel' jvd;a iq≥iq ;djld,sl jdiia:dk
fj; wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjka fhduq
lsˉfukaa wNHk;˙lj wj;ekajQ
orejkaf.a fukau mq:Z,a m%cdjg wh;a
orejkaf.a wOHdmkh i|yd we;s wjia:d
jvd;a újD; jkq we;'
,sms f,aLk ke;s ùu( ,sms f,aLk
fkdue;sùu ksid fi!LH fiajd ,nd.ekSug
wjir fkd°u" wOHdmkh fkd,eîu yd
fjk;a w;HjYH fiajd fkd,eîu fukau
ke;sjQ foafmd, i|yd jka† ,nd .ekSug
wmyiq ùu" hk ;;a;ajj,g uqyqK mEug
is≥ fõ' fujka ke;s jQ ,sms f,aLk kej;
,nd .ekSu úYd, ld,hla .; jk
wmyiq lghq;a;la jQjo ta i|yd
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjkag whs;shla
;sfí'
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjkaf.a iyNd.S;ajh(
;SrK .ekSfï° ta l%shdj,shg ;uka
iyNd.S lr fkd.kakd nj wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekajQjkag fmkS hd yel'
WodyrKhla f,i l|jqre ie,iqï yd
tajd b†lrkqfha fldfyao" wdOdr fnod
y˙kafka flfiao" wdydr iy fjk;a øjH
jr®. iy Tjqkaf.a „ú;j,g flakaøSh
jk fjk;a lreKq iïnkaOfhka iyNd.S
lr.kakjdo hkqfjka m%Yakh u;= úh
yelsh' fu;=,ska iajNdúl wdmodj u;=l,
;uka wirKh hk yeÛSu jvd;a ;Sõr
úh yels w;r" tksidu udkjys;jd°
wdOdr ,nd°fï ldr®HidOkSh;ajhg ndOd
FMR iqkdñ
meñKsh yel' ;jo fï fya;=fldgf.k
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjkag úfYIfhka
ldka;djkag uqyqK mEug is≥jk Ydˉ˙l
wkdrCIs; ;;a;ajh ;j;a jeä úh
yelsh'
iafjÉPdfjka kej; meñKsu iy
kej; m†xÑh( wdmodfõ y†is ;;a;ajh
yudr jQ miq" ;ukaf.a „ú; kej;
f.dvk.d .ekSu i|yd wj;ekajQjkag
idudkHfhka Woõ wjYH fõ' fï
lghq;a; myiqlr,Sfï m%Odk j.lSu
wh;ajkafka cd;sl n,Odˉkagh' ta
i|yd Bg iq≥iq ;;a;ajhka ieliSu"
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjkag iafjÉpdfjka
wdrCIld˙j iy f.!rjkSh f,i kej;
m†xÑ lsˉug wjYH úêúOdk ie,iSu"
ke;akï rfÜ fjk;a ia:dkhkg hdug
iajNdúl wdmod iy wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjkaf.a whs;sjdislï
†rß.ekaùug bv ;sfí' tkuq;a Tjqka
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjkag kej;
meñKsug fyda fjk;a ;ekl m†xÑ ùu
i|yd fyda ;SrK .ekSug we;s whs;shg
.re l, hq;=h' ta ;SrKh l=ula jqjo"
Tjqkag iudchg kej; wkql,kh ùug
wjYH Wmldr n,Odˉka úiska ,nd †h
hq;=h'
foafmd, ms<sn| wr®nqo( úfYaIfhka
iajNdúl jHik u.ska udhsï i,l=Kq
úkdY l, foam, whs;sh ms<sn| úêu;a
jdr®;d fkd;snqKq fyda tjka jdr®;d
úkdYù fyda .sh wjia:dj,° foafmd,
ms<sn| wr®nqo w;sYhska ixlSr®K m%Yak
u;= l< yelsh' ,shdm†xÑh yd Wreuh
ms<sn| fr.=,dis ldka;djkag tfrysj
l%shd;aul jk wjia:dj,° Tjqkag ;u
foafmd, kej; ,nd.
ekSu fnfyúka wiSrE
iqkdñfhka wdm∞jg m;a m%foaYj, l%shd;aul jk
fuh jvd;a ;Sõr
m%;sldr yd m%;sixjr®Ok m%h;akhka udkj whs;Ska yd fõ'
jkafka Tjqkaf.a ieñhka
noaO jQ t,eUqula u.ska ±kqj;a úh hq;=h'
ñh f.dia isák úg°h'
w;a±lSï u.ska fmkajd
wjYH úêúOdk ie,iSu" iudchg kej;
° ;sfnkafka iudodkhg" ;SrK .ekSug"
wkq.; ùug wjYH wdOdr iemhSu wd°
kuH ms,shï fh°ug n,h ;sfnk lem
lreKq idCId;a lsˉu wjYH fõ' úkdY jQ
jQ m˙md,k wdh;khla foafmd, wr®nqo
ksjdi yd fjk;a há;, myiqlï kej;
ms<sn| m%Yak ksrjq,a lsˉï i|yd
f.dvke.Sug wu;rj wj;ekajQjkag
ia:dmkh l,fyd;a th uyd m˙udk
;u uq,a „jfkdamdhka kej; weröug
foafmd, m%Yak úi£fï jvd;a fhda.H
^Wod( úkdY jQ lDIs ìï kej; ieliSu"
l%uh jk njhs' wj;ekaùu ms<sn| .eg:Z
jHdmdr i|yd uqo,a" ëjr hd;%d& wjYH
;=,ska u;=jk foafmd, ms<sn| jdoúIhka
Wmldro we;=,;a úh yel' fkdtfiakï"
wduka;%Kh lsˉfï° °r®>ld,Skj mj;sk
wj;ekajQjkag kj uqo,a Wmhk udr®.
foafmd, ,shdm†xÑh yd leveia;r
ixjr®Okh lr.ekSug wjYH iq≥iqlï yd
ie,iqï ms<sn| m%Yak wduka;%Kh lsˉugo
Wmldr o we;=,;a úh yel'
wjia:d Wodlr †h yelsh' tfukau"
fu;=,ska iïm%odhsl whs;Ska iy
jHikhlska miqj" rchka úiska we;eï
idïm%odhsl fkdjk foafmd, whs;s l%u
m%foaY ndOl l,dm fyda neyer lsˉfï
ms,s.ekSug yelsjk m˙oafoka mj;sk kS;s
l,dm fyda jYfhka m%ldY lsˉug wjldY
kùlrKh lsˉugo wjia:d ,efí'
;sfí' tfiakï" ta l,dm ;=, m%;sixialrk
lghq;= ;ykï jkq we;' fujka ;SrK
ks.uK
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjkaf.a .uka
whs;sh" we;eï úg foafmd, whs;sh"
wdKavq" cd;Hka;r wdh;k iy rdcH fkdjk
„jfkdamdhka ilid .ekSfï whs;sh
ixúOdk wNHka;˙lj wj;ekjQjka i|yd
hkd†hg n,mEï l, yelsh' neyer
m%;sixialrK yd m%;s-wkql,k jevigyka
lsˉfï l,dm ks;Hdkql+,j l%shd;aul l,
ilia lsˉfï° iy l%shd;aul lsˉfï° wod,
hq;= hehs n,Odˉka ;SrKh l, úg" tlS
udkj whs;sjdislï" wjYH;djkag wkql+,jk
;SrK .; hq;af;a wj;ekajQjkaf.a ióm
m˙† iudkd;au;djfhka hqla; ms,shï Tjqka
iyNd.S;ajho we;sjh' Tjqkag fu;=,ska
úiska iïmdokh l, hq;=h' iajNdúl wdmod
ke;sù hk foafmd, i|yd jka† ,eìh
u.ska fukau .egqï u.skao wj;ekajQjka
hq;= w;r" fjk;a ia:dkhl m†xÑ ùug"
ms<sn|j i,ld ne,Sfï° wdrCIl ldphla
ksjdi b†lr .ekSug" „jfkdamdhka
;=,ska ne,Su jeo.;a fõ' iqkdñfhka mSvd
weröug wjYH Wmldr o ,nd †h
ú¢ rdcH lsysmhla fj; ud ks, ixpdrhka
hq;=h' fï ;SrK hï hï ckjdr®.sl fyda
l< úg° fmkS .sfha iajNdúl wdmod i|yd
wd.ñl fyda fjk;a lKavdhïj,g
m%;spdr f.dvke.Sfï° iy l%shd;aul
ydksjk f,i l%shd;aul fkdúh hq;=h'
lsˉfï° udkj whs;sjdislï u; mokï jQ
^Wod( ikakoaO wr., ksid wj;ekajQ
m%fõYhka ms<sn|j m%;sfYaOkd;aul
mqoa.,hska isák m%foaYj,g iajNdúl
Wkka≥jla ;snQ njh'
wdmodjkaf.ka ydks meñKs úg&
wfkla w;g" wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjka
;u uq,a ksfjia fj; fkdhdug ;SrKh
l< yelsh' th úfYaIfhka is≥jkafka
Tjqkaf.a wj;ekaùu °r®>ld,Skj is≥
ù we;akï iy Tjqka fjk;a m%foaYj,
;u „ú; kej; f.dvke.Sfï l%shdj,sh
kej; wrUd we;akï muKs' we;eï úg
úkdYfhka miqj idudkH ;;a;ajhla
Wodù we;ehs ksr®Kh lsˉu i|yd
n,Odˉka kej; meñK iqmqre≥ l%shdj,ska
fuys° my; i|yka lreKq o jeo.;a fõ(
■ iqkdñ wdmodfõ n,mEug ,lajQ l,dmj,
iy wdmodj,g f.d≥rejQ f,dj wka
m%foaYj, osh;a flfrk m%;sldrl iy
m%;sixialrK W;aidyhka udkj whs;Ska
u; mokï jQ m%fõYhl wdf,dalh
,nd.; hq;=h'
■ wdKavq úiska cd;sl m%;sixialrK iy
m%;s-wkql,k jev igyka iïmdokh
lsˉfï° udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;s
■
■
■
■
ie,ls,a,g .; hq;=h' tajd úiska imhk
WmfoaYk ikakoaO wr., yd iajNdúl
wdmod hk ;;a;aj folgu tlfia
wod,h'
wdOdr iemhSfï° fmr mej;s .egqïj,ska
wj;ekajQjkag fyda fjk;a ckjdr®.sl
fõjd wd.ñl fõjd lKavdhïj,g fyda
ia;%SmqreI iudcNdjh u; mokï jQ
ksfIOd;aul ie,ls,s fkd±laùug ;ukag
we;s j.lSu ms<sn| odhlhka ixfõ°
úh hq;=h'
kej; m†xÑlsˉfï lghq;= ie,iqï lsˉu
yd l,uKdlrkh lsˉu ms<sn| ;SrK
.ekSfï°o udkjys;jd° wdOdr
fnodyeˉu ms<sn| ;SrKj,°o iy
wj;ekaùu iïnkaOfhka °r®>ld,Skj
mj;sk m%Yakj,g ms,shï fiùfï°o
wj;ekajQjka" úfYIfhka ldka;djka"
iyNd.s lrjd .; hq;=h'
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjkaf.a ;;a;ajhka
ms<sn| fidhd ne,Sug;a ta i|yd
iduqys; úèl%uhka ilid .ekSug;a
cd;sl udkj ysñlï fldñiï †rßu;a
l, hq;= w;r ta i|yd wdOdr iemhsh
hq;=h'
udkj ysñlï ms<sn| tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
uy flduid˙iajrhd iy udkjohdjd°
lghq;= iïnkaëlrK ldr®hd,h
(OCHA) tlaj iajNdúl jHik ;;a;aj
;=,° n,mj;ajk m˙oafoka udkj
whs;Ska ms<sn| Wmfoia ud,djka ilid
.; hq;=h' tu.ska fCIa;% uÜgfï isák
wka;r®-wdh;ksl ia:djr lñgq
idud‚lhskag m%dfhda.sl fufyhqï
WmfoaYk ,nd.; yelsfjkq we;'
fjda,agr® l,ska tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjkaf.a udkj ysñlï
i|yd jQ uyf,alïf.a ksfhda‚;hd o
wNHka;˙l wj;ekaùu ms<sn|
nDlskaia-nr®ka jHdmD;sfha iu-wOHCIljrhd
o iaúÜir®,ka;fha nr®ka iriúfha
jHjia:dodhl yd cd;Hka;r kS;sh ms<sn|
uydpdr®hjrhd o fõ' Tyqf.a úoHq;a ,smskh
kï( walter.kaelin@oefre.unibe.ch
2005 udr®;=fõ° Tyq wdishdfõ jev lghq;=
fidhdne,Su i|yd tys ,Ûd úh' ta ms<sn|
jdr®;djla ,nd.ekSu i|yd n,kak(
www.brookings.edu/dybdocroot/fp/
projects/idp/20050227_tsunami.pdf
jHdmD;sh ms<sn| f;dr;=re i|yd n,kak(
www.brook.edu/fp/projects/idp/idp.htm
úoHq;a ;emE,( brookings-bern@brookings.
edu
1. fuh bx.%Sis" isxy," fou< yd wka NdIdj,ska my;
i|yka fjí wvúfhka ,nd.; yelsh( www.unhchr.ch/
html/menu2/7/b/principles_lang.htm iy bka≥kSishdkq niska
fuh my; i|yka fjí wvúfhka ,nd.; yelsh(
www.reliefweb.int/ocha_ol/pub/idp_gp/idp_Indonesia
11
12
FMR iqkdñ
iqkdñh i|yd ±lajqKq uyck fi!LH
m%;spdrh
uekqfj,a lr®n,af,da iy n%hka yS,a
ixl%uKh iy fi!LHh ms<n
s | cd;Hka;r uOHia:dkh wfm%,
a a udifha°
ud,†jhsfka mj;ajk ,o /iaùul° iqkdñ wdmodjg ,lajQ rgj,ska
meñKs uyck fi!LH úfYI{fhda udkjohdjd† m%;p
s dr flfrka ;uka
bf.k.;a oE ;lafiare lr;s'
kdñh jkdys iuyr ckfldgia
wfkl=;a whg jvd wdmodjg
f.d≥reùfï bvlv jeä neõ wmg
isysm;a lrjk tla;rd ≥laLodhl
u;lhls' „ú; wysñjQjkaf.ka nyq;rh
≥mam;alfï .s,S cSj;ajk Woúhhs' fjr<
†f.a b†lrk ,o m%udKj;a fkdjk
me,am;aj, jdih lrkakg ≥mam;alu úiska
Tjqkg n, lr ;sìK' ud,†jhska jdiSkaf.
ka jeämqru ydkshg m;a jQfhao fulS
≥mam;a ckhdh' Tjqkg nexl= .sKqï ;snqfka
ke;s fyhska y˙ yïn lr.;a uqo, Tjqka
,Ûu ;ndf.k ;snQ w;r j;=rg .id
f.k .sfhao tjeks uqo,ah' ud,†jhsk
ckrcfha o< cd;sl ksIamdokhg is≥j
;sfnk ydksh 62% jYfhka .Kka n,d
we;s w;r iqkdñhg fmrd;=j 7.5%
jYfhka b,lal lrk ,o rfÜ jdr®Isl
wdr®:sl jDoaêfha wkqmd;h iqkdñfhka miq
1% lska my; jefÜ hehs n,dfmdfrd;a;=
jkq ,efí'
iqkdñfhka wdmodjg m;ajQ ish:Zu
rdcHhkaf.a wdrïNl m%;spdrh yev.iajkq
,enqfõ f.dv.eyqKq u<l|ka ksid uyck
fi!LHhg oreKq ;r®ckhla t,a, jkq
we;ehs hk ìhh' ñksia foayhka
we;af;kau Ñ;a;fõ.S mSvdjg m%Njhla
fukau ufkdaiudcuh mr®hdf,dalhla ;=,ska
n,k l, u<l|ka f.dv.eiSu jeo.;ah'
flfiafj;;a" u<l|kaj,ska CIKsl fi!LH
.eg:Z u;=jkafka ke;ehs ckhdg f;areï
lr°u;a t;rï myiq ldr®hla fkdfõ'
l,n, wjia:dfõ† lsis≥ pd˙;% jd˙;%j,ska
f;drj u<l|ka j<±óu is≥jQj;a thska
Woa.;jk jroldˉ yeÛSu wduka;%Kh l<
hq;af;a WmfoaYk fiajd u.sks' WmfoaYk
wjYH jkafka jroldˉ yeÛSu i|yd fkdj
Bg uqyqK ≥ka ckhd i|ydh'
iqkdñfhka mSvdjg m;a m%foaYj, ck;dj
fmf<k ≥mam;alu wdydrmdk ,nd.ekSug
Tjqkg ;sfnk ≥Ialr;d iu. ±kgu;a
noaO fldg ;sfí' ukaofmdaIKh ksid
we;sjk rla;ySk frda.h ud,†jhsfka"
,xldfõ iy bka†hdfõ iuyr m%foaYj,ska
jdr®;dù ;sfí' wdydr wdOdr yeuúgu
fnodyer we;af;a t;rï idr®:l
wdldrhlska fkdfõ' bka≥kSishdfõ iy
;dhs,ka;fha n;a lk ck fldgiaj,g
;s˙Û= msá m˙;Hd. lsˉu" CIKsl wdydr
wdOdr meflacj, fldgia jk fmdaIHckl
úiaflda;= uy:Z Woúhg imkakg
fkdyelsùu" msá ls˙ ´kE ;rï iq,n
ksid ujqls˙ Ndú;h fõ.fhka wvq ù hEu
hkd° ldrKdj,ska fmkajd fokafka óg
l,ska j;dj, we;sjQ wdmodj,ska bf.k.;a
mdvï u;l ke;s lr oud we;s njhs'
;j;a ;on, myrla je° ;snqfKa fi!LH
wxYj,gh' wfÉ m,df;a isá úkakUq
wïu,df.ka 30% la iqkdñhg yiq ù
ñhf.dia isák w;r m,df;a ;snQ fi!LH
idhk uOHia:dk yfhka tllao úkdY ù
we;' uq:Z m,df;au T!IO yd WmlrK
iemhqu wvd, ù ;sfnk w;r fyd|gu
leã ì£ .sh WmlrK ms˙is≥ fldg
w:Z;ajeähd fldg fiajd imhkakg;a j<j,a
lmd u<l|ka úYd, m%udKhla j<
oukakg;a is≥úh'
W;=re wfÉ m,df;a iy Y%S ,xldfõ
„j;ajk m%cdjka w;fr® ia;%S urK
wkqmd;slh ms˙ñkag jvd y;r .=Khlska
jeäh' bka†hdfõ ia;%S urK wkqmd;slh
ms˙ñ wkqmd;slhg jvd ;=ka .=Khlska
jeäh' fï wiu;=,kh u.ska fmkakqï
jkafka iudc yd fi!LH m%Yak yuqfõ
ia;%sh miqjk wjodkï ;;a;ajhhs' tfukau
tlS ;;a;ajh iïnkaOfhka y†is
iQodkïùfï ie,iqï ilia lr.ekSfuys,d
mj;sk ±ä wjYH;djhhs' tajdf.au iqkdñ
m%;spdrj,ska Tmamq jQfha fu;=jla ld,hla
;siafia m%ckk fi!LHh iy wdmod wjia:
dj,g uqyqK fok .eìKs ia;%Skaf.a
wjYH;dj,g ±lajQ ie,ls,a, lsisfia;au
m%udKj;a fkdjk njhs' .eìKs ia;%Ska
úfYaI wjYH;dj,ska fmf<k nj;a tu
wjYH;dj, ;Sõr;djh wr®nQoh u;=jQ
wjia:dj,° ;j ;j;a jeäjk nj;a
fudk;rï ±k isáh;a ta ldrKd isysfha
;nd.kakg iykfiajd fufyhqïj,g
mqΩjkaù ke;' iajdNdúlj we;sl,o
ñksiqka úiska we;sl,o y†is wdmodj,ska
miqj fndfyduhla wdh;k Wm;a md,k
WmlrK iemhSu flfrys Wkka≥ ke;' tajd
b,a,df.k miafika fkdtkakg ;rï
.eyeKqka iy ms˙ñka w;r ;sfnk pls;h
wdh;k f;areï .; hq;=h'
mdúÉÑhg myiq m%ckk fi!LH wdïmkak
lÜg, iy fjk;a y†is wjia:d wdïmkak
lÜg, iEu;ekl°u myiqfjka ,nd
.kakg lghq;= ie,eiaùu jeo.;ah' tajd
fkdue;sj y†is fi!LH wjia:d u;=jQ
wjia:dj,° ;ekg Tìk f,i lghq;=
lrkakg fkdyelsjkq we;' fï lÜg,
mq:Z,a f,i f;dard.;a ;ekaj,g l,skau
fnodyer ;sîu wjYHjk w;r ta yd
iu.u tajd mdúÉÑ lrk wkaou okakd
lKavdhï cd;sl uÜgfuka mqyqKq lsˉu;a
jeo.;ah' iqkdñh we;sùu;a iu.u
;yjqre jQ ;j;a jeo.;a ldrKhla kï
l,a we;sj iQodkï lrk ,o ud;D odrl
wdïmkak lÜg, ckhd w;r fnod yer
;sîuh' fïjd fndfydaúg foaYSh jYfhka
,nd.kakd wuqøjHj,ska ;kd.; yels w;r
tu.ska ia;%Skag kïnqldr „ú;hla .;
lsˉug wjYH flfrk WmlrK
myiqfjkau imhd.kakg mq¨jkalula
,efnkjd we;'
fndfyda wjia:dj,° ckhdf.a c,
wjYH;dj,g wduka;%Kh lsˉu i|yd
lrk ,o ue†y;aùï l,amj;akdiqΩ tajd
fkdùh' rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk úiska
c,fhka ,jK bj;a lsˉfï hka;% ia:
dk.; fldg c,h ms˙is≥ lsˉfï jHdmdr
mgka .;a;o fï jkúg tajd ldr®ñl fodaI
ksid l%shd;aul fkdfõ' ,sxj, ;sfnk wêl
,jK iajdNdjh m%Odk †.=ld,Sk m%Yakhla
njg m;aù ;sfnk neúka th blau◊kau
wduka;%Kh l<hq;=j ;sfí' Á ,xldfõ
muKla ,sx 12,000 g jvd m%udKhla wêl
,jK .;sh fya;=fjka mdúÉÑhg .;
fkdyels ;;a;ajhla Wod ù ;sfnk w;r
c, m%Njhla jYfhka iuyr m%foaYj, ,sx
;=, j.d lr ;sfnk c,c Ydl ¨Kq j;=r
ksid ioygu úkdY ù f.diah' ñ˙†h
lr†h fjkia ù tajd w;r ;=,khla
mj;ajd .ekSu l,la .;jk ldr®hhls' ta
i|yd jeys ld, lSmhlau .; l< hq;=h'
ndysr wdh;k úiska y∫kajd fok iqms˙
wdi%e;s l%u moaO;s fndfydaúg m%dfhda.sl
fkdjkafka ta i|yd wêl úhoula hk
ksid;a tu l%u moaO;s kv;a;= ls˙fï
j.lSu m%cdjkag ndr.; fkdyels ksid;ah'
tajdf.au ffk;sl jdoúIhkaj, mj;sk
ixlSr®K;d .ek m%udKj;a m˙oafoka
wjfndaO fkdl< njlao fmkShhs'
iqkdñfhka neg lE rgj,° iy;sl
jYfhkau ñhf.dia fyda w;=reoyka ù fyda
isá;e’hs jdr®;d ù ;sfnk mqoa.,hskaf.a
ffk;sl mokï ieñhka w;=reoyka jQ
jekaoUqjka u;af;a wys;lr n,mEï we;s
lrkafkah' rgj,a .Kkdjlgu is≥ù
;sfnk ydksh fudk;rï nrm;,o
lsjfyd;a ckhd úiQ f.j,aj, w;a;sjdrï
flfiafj;;a ksjeishkaf.a meje;au ;yjqre
lrk lsisu f,aLKhlaj;a fidhd.kakg
ne˙h' ud,†jhsk ¥m;aj, jdih lrk
;reK ckhd fmf<k mSvkhg m%Odk
fya;=jla ù ;sfnkafka fuf,i w;=reoykajQ
wOHdmksl iy;sl ,shlshú,sh'
i;aldrlhska wu;rl lrkak tmd
iqkdñfhka miq t,eUqKq ld,m˙Éf√oh ;=,
iykfiajd iy m%;sixjr®Ok
m%h;akhkaj,g, wj;ekajQ ckhdf.a fi!LH
iy iudc wjYH;dj,g, uq,a ;ek °u
ksjer†h' flfia fj;;a, wNHka;˙l
wj;ekajQ oioyia .Kka mjq,aj,g
,e.=ï.;aúg bvlv imhd ° Tjqkaf.a
wjYH;djka bgql< ckfldgia .ek
m%udKj;a m˙† i|yka flfrkafka ke;'
úfYaIfhka ud,†jhsfka, Á ,xldfõ, wfÉ
m,df;a úkdYhg m;a fkdjQ m%foaYj,
jdih l< ckhd wj;ekajQ ckhdf.a ysig
jy,la ys;g iekiSula ,nd°u uy;a
iqkdñh i|yd ±lajqKq uyck fi!LH m%;spdrh 13
UNICEF/HQ050046/Jim Holmes
FMR iqkdñ
kïnqldrlula fia i,ld wm˙ñ;j Tjqkg
msysgjkakg mgka; .;ay' fujeks Woõ
Wmldr fkd,enqkdkï wj;ekajQjkaf.a
;;a;ajh óg jvd fndfydafihska ≥laÅ;
jkakg bv ;sìK' blaì;af;ka, i;aldrl
mjq,aj,g ú¢kakg jQ ys˙yer lror
buy;a jqjo i;aldrl mjq,aj, bjiSfï
Yla;sh kï mq≥u t<jk iqΩh' TjqyQ ;u
f.j,aj, ;sfnk m%udKj;a fkdjk bvlv
m%udKh, wdydrmdk iy wfkl=;a iïm;a
;sfnk yeáhg wj;ekajQjka iu. fn∞ y∞
.;ay' tmuKla fkdj i;aldrl mjq,aj,
mqoa.,Sl;ajh ke;s ù .sh w;r mjq,a
idud‚lhkaf.a mqoa.,sl „ú; b;d oreKq
f,i wvd, úh' wj;ekajQ ckhd kej;
m†xÑ lrùu l,a.;jk ;rïu tl†.gu
Tjqkg Wmldr lsˉug i;aldrl ckhdg
isoaO jkq we;' tajdf.au i;aldrl
ckhdf.ka ,nk wdor ie,ls,a, wj;ekajQ
ckhd uqyqK ≥ka udkisl mSvkfhka
f.dvtaug ;sfnk w;HjYH md,uo
jkafkah'
i;aldrl mjq,aj,g wh;a f.j,aj, iy
;djld,sl uvql+vdrïj, tlg we,S .e,S
jdih lsˉu ksid fi!LH yd iudc m%Yak
.Kkdjlau u;=ùu fkdje,elaúh yels
ldrKdjls' flfiafj;;a fï olajdu tjka
.egΩ yels;dla ≥rg j,lajdf.k we;;a
„jk rgdj †.ska †.gu fuhdldrfhkau
mj;ajdf.k hkafka kï wfmaCIs; .egΩ
u;=ùu j,lajkq ne˙h' iqΩ bv m%udKj,
´kEjg;a jvd ms˙ila „j;aùfï .egΩj
úi¢h yelafla ;djld,sl ksjdi úYd,
m%udKhla b;d fõ.fhka id∞ ksu lsˉfuka
mu◊' tajdf.au tajdg c, iy ikSmdrCIl
myiqlï imhd°fuka mu◊'
iajdNdúl wdm∞j, olakg ,efnk m%Odk
,CIKh kï †úmeje;au flfrys th we;s
lrk ufkdaiudcuh n,mEuh' th .eUq˙ka
úys° hk tfy;a iefKlska u;=msgg fkdtk
wkaofï tlls' iqkdñfhka wdm∞jg ckhdf.a
fláld,Sk yd †.=ld,Sk ufkdaiudcuh
wjYH;d f;areï .ekSu;a tajdg m%;spdr
±laùu;a w;HjYH jkafka iudc
m%;sixúOdk ls%hdj,sh †h;ajoa° ;u
;ukaf.a Od˙;djh thska ksr®udKh jk
neúks' uyck fi!LHfha fuu wxYhg
idïm%Odhsl jYfhka ,efnkafka u|
wjOdkhls' tajdf.au fuu fi!LH wxYh
iïnkaOfhka mqyqKqj ,nd we;s wh
isákafkao u| jYfhks' tneúka m%d:ñl
fi!LH fiajlhska ufkdaiudc fi!LH
jevms,sfj, fjkqfjka iQ∞kï lsˉuj;a
mYapd;a - wdm∞ ufkdaiudc jdoúIhka
fjkqfjka m%;spdr ±laùu;a wjYHh'
iqkdñ wdm∞jg f.d≥re ù †ú
.,jd.;a;jqka ±lajQ WfmCIdNdjhg uQ,sl
ù we;af;a wd.ñl Nla;shhs' wd.ñl
kdhlfhda wdm∞jg m;ajQjkaf.a is;aj,g
iekiSu muKla fkdj m%dfhda.sl f;dr;=reo
m%cd fufyhqï ms,sn| wjOdkho ,nd ≥kay'
fï wkqj wd.ñl kdhlhskaf.a N+ñldj
iïnkaOfhka iykdOdr imhkakkaf.a
wjOdkh óg jvd fhduq úh hq;=h' wfkla
w;g, ndysr iykdOdr tackais Tjqkaf.au
wd.ñl khdh m;% b†˙hg oudf.k
jevlrk njo jdr®;d jkakg mgkaf.k
;sfí' fï ;;a;ajh ksid rgj,a .Kkdjlau
iEfyk úhjq,la yd ixldjla ygf.k we;'
ta wkqj wd.ñl fkdjk tackaisj,g muKla
udkjohdjdoS jevlghq;= lsˉug bv†h hq;=
hehs fhdackdjkakg mgkaf.k ;sfí'
ksr®foaY
bka≥kSishdõ
nkavd wfÉ
wNHka;˙lj
idlÉPd uKavmhg iyNd.SjQjka
wj;ekajQjkaf.a
biau;=fldg fmkajd≥ka m%Odk wdmod
l|jqrl isák
15 yeú˙†
ie,iqï jdoúIhka fufiah(
*;shdg
irïmj,g
■ úfoaY wdh;k foaYSh yelshd Yla;sh
tfrysj
iy uqyqK°fï Yla;sh ;j ;j;a
tkak;la ,nd
n,jka; lrkq úkd tajd ksfIaO fkdl< °u'
hq;=h'
■ ia;%Ska uqyqK fok wjodkï ;;a;ajhka
.ek wdKavqfõ n,Od˙kq;a m%dfoaYSh
m%cdjkq;a óg jvd ±kqj;a úh hq;=h'
■ y†is wdmod úfYaI{ lKavdhï
fCIa;%hg hjk úg ta lKavdhï óg
jvd wod, ksmqKFjfhka iukaú;
lsˉug;a tu lKavdhï cd;sl
wêld˙j,ska Wmfoia,d ,nd.ekSu
i|yd iQodkï lsˉug;a wruqo,a
odhlhska j. n,d .; hq;=h' fï
ldrKh iEu;eklu iEuúug wod,
fkdjk nj;a ta iu.u lsjhq;=h'
■ óg fmr isgu .egqug Ndú;h fjñka
;snQ" miqj wdmodjg ,lajQ m%foaYj,g
iyk lghq;= i|yd yuqod lKavdhï
fhoùfï l%shdudr®.h tu m%foaYj,
jdih lrk ish:Zfokdu wkqu;
lrkafka ke;' yuqodfõ wdêm;Hjd°
l%shdld˙;ajh úiska wfkHdkH /¢hdj
we;s lrk w;ru ;u .egΩj,g
ms<s;=re ;ukau fidhd.kSfï ldr®Hfhka
m%cdjka j,lajkq we;'
■ tlai;a cd;Skaf.a CIKsl wNshdpkd
wruqo,a iemhqu y†is jHdmD;Ska i|yd
fjka lsˉug yd úhoï ls˙ug muKla
iSud fkdúh hq;=h' uyck fiajdjka
kÛd isgqjk †.=ld,Sk ixjr®Ok
14
iqkdñh i|yd ±lajqKq uyck fi!LH m%;spdrh
■
■
■
■
■
Emily Will/MCC/ACT International
YAKKUM y†is
m%:udOdr tallfha
ffjoH id˙ uQ;shd
áuqr® frda.Ska
iu., bka≥kSishdj
■
jHdmD;Ska wrnhd úhoï lsˉu myiq
lrjk kj l%shdj,Skao fidhd.; hq;=h'
wruqo,a odhlhska wjYH;d
y≥kd.ekSïj,g wod,j fT!IO iemhSu
iy;sl l< hq;= w;r tajd ,Ûd jkafka
flfiao hkak fidhd n,d wdOdr ,nk
rgj,aj, wdKavqj,g tu úia;r
iemhsh hq;=h'
iuyr wruqo,a odhlhska iykdOdr
jvd idr®:l f,i fnody˙k nyqcd;sl
l%u ;sfnk njla okafka ke;s nj fmkZS
hhs'
wruqo,a tla/ia lsˉfï l%shdj,sh
;=, mj;sk ≥Ialr;d .ek wruqo,a
odhlhska iykdOdr ,nk rgj, wdKavqjg myod †h hq;=h' fndfyda wdKavq
ys;kafka wruqo,a fmdfrdka≥ jQ ieKska
lsis≥ m%udohlska f;drj tajd ,Ûd jk
njhs'
fjrf<a .ia isgqùu iy y˙; j.djka
we;s lsˉu" lfvd,dk wdrCId lsˉu"
jeks lghq;= †˙ .ekaúh hq;af;a tu
l%shdldrlï wkd.;fha† we;súh yels
iqkdñ r< my˙ka wdrCIdùu i|yd
ndOl mjqre f,i l%shd lrk ksidh'
SPHERE m%ñ;Ska jeo.;ajk kuq;a
b;du;a ≥mam;a m%cdjkag tajd y≥kajd
≥ka úg m%dfoaYSh yd cd;sl Od˙;djka
wìnjd hk h:dr®:jd° fkdjk
n,dfmdfrd;a;= Tjqka ;=, u;=jk nj;a
wm ms<s.; hq;=h'
ujqjreka ujqls˙ °u" mjq,a ie,iqu"
,sx.sl fi!LHh ms<sn| ldrKd .ek
kj fhdjqka ms˙ia ±kqj;a lsˉu i|yd
Tjqkg f;dr;=re imhd°u" m%ckk
fi!LH wdrCIK fuj,ï lÜg,
iemhSu jeks mshjr ixúOdkh
ls˙fuys,d m%uqL;ajh ,nd †h hq;=h'
■ uyck m˙yrKh i|yd wdrCId
iys; ia:dkj, úúO fiajdjka imhk
m%isoaO f.dvke.s,s ;kd tajd wjYH
wdïmkakj,ska iukaú; l< hq;=h'
iqkdñh wmg u;la lr ≥kafka cd;Hka;r
m%cdj óg fmr we;sjQ wdmodjka .ek
lsis≥ wjOdkhla fhduq lr ke;ehs hk
ldrKh muKla fkdfõ' wdmodj,g f.d≥re
jQ rgj, wdKavq lsishï wdmodjlg
uqyqK†u i|yd iajlSh m%cdjka iQodkï
lsˉu fjkqfjka b;du;a u| wjOdkhla
jeh lr ;sîfï ldrKh;a fy,sorõ úh'
ie,iqï ixjr®Okh ls˙fï° wkq.ukh lr
we;af;a wdmodjla we;s jQ úg Woõ Wmldr
l< yels ;;a;ajfha miqjk ck fldgia
iyNd.S fkdlrf.k Tjqka wE;alr ;sîfï
jev ms<sfj,ls' wkd.;fha° wdmodj,g
uqyqK fokakg iQodkïùfï jevms,sfj,j,a
j,lajd.ekSfï wdrïNl l%shd jHqy.;
lr.ekSu i|yd jeä wjOdkhla fhduq
l< hq;=h' tajdf.au tu jHqyhka m%dfoaYSh
fi!LH yd iudc moaO;sj, w;HjYH
wx.hla njg m;a l< hq;= w;r tu
moaO;s l%shd;aul lrùfï j.lSu orK
ish:Zfokdu ta ms<sn|j wjfndaOhla ,nd
†h hq;=h'
FMR iqkdñ
iqkdñh wu;l ù hdug fmrd;=j thska
wm W.;a mdvï ukd we.ehqulg ,la l<
hq;=h' úfYaIfhka ixl%ñKsl frda. md,kh"
m%ckk fi!LHh" ufkda iudc iydh" NdKav
m%jdyK myiqlï" miqúmru hk
fCI;%j,° bf.k.;a mdvï we.ehqï l<
hq;=h' uyck fi!LHh iy wdmod wju
lsˉu ms<sn| ie,iqï jevodhl tajd f,i
.efkkafka ta .ek wjfndaOhla ;sfnk
Woúh tlS ie,iqï ilia lsˉu i|yd
úYd, jYfhka iyNd.S jQ úgh' uOHu
wdKavqfõ iy m%dfoaYSh wdKavqfõ isák
ish:Z wod, iyNd.slhka wfkl=;a ish:Z
wod, iyNd.slhskao iu. tla ù ie,iqï
iudf,dapkh lsˉfï iy m%;spdr w;ayod
ne,Sfï /iaùï ks;sm;d meje;aúh hq;=h'
uekqfj,a lr®n,af,da iaúÜir®,ka;fha
msysá ixl%uKh iy fi!LH ms<sn|
cd;Hka;r uOHia:dkfha wOHCIljrhd
(ICMH, 11 Route du Nant d’Avril,
CH-1214, Geneva, Switzerland) jk
w;r n%hka yS,a tys m%jD;a;s ks,Od˙hdh'
úoHq;a ;emE,( mcarballo@icmh.ch;
bheal@icmh.ch ud,†jhsk ms<sn|
/iaùfï jdr®;dj www.icmh.ch hk fjí
wvúfhka ,nd.; yelsh' ud,†jhsk
ksˉCIK pd˙ldjg wruqo,a imhk ,oafoa
Taiwan International Health Operations
Center úiskah'
15
FMR iqkdñ
uyd bvï fld,a,h
iqkdñh wmg mYapd;a iqkdñ m%;sixialrK i|yd whs;Ska mokï lr
.;a m%fõYhl wjYH;dj isys lrjhs' mYapd;a iqkdñ ie,iqïj,£
ksjdi" bvï yd foam, whs;sjdislï ms<sn| ldrKd fndfyda ixlSr®K
yd úhoï wêl f,i i,ld neyer lrkq fjkqjg ±ä ie,ls,a,g
fhduq lrkafka kï ta ie,eiqï idr®:l jkq we;' fï whs;sjdislï
fkdi,ld y˙kafka kï fyda ys;du;du W,a,x>Kh lrkafka kï
fyda ta uÛska whs;sjdislï W,a,x>kh flfrkq muKla fkdj
m%;sixialrK o widr®:l jkq we;'
Yapd;a iqkdñ wdOdr .,d tk úg
kej; jrla wmg mrK isx≥ju
wefikakg úh( §fï j;dfõ fjkia"
fï j;dfõ úm;g m;ajQjkg widOdrKhla
fjkafka kE¶' yh udihla .sh ;ek weish
hq;= jkafka ±jeka; m%;sixialrK yd h<s
f.dvke.Sï fmr jHjikhkaf.ka fjkia
jkafka flfiao hkakhs' mYapd;a jHik
b†lsˉï wjYH;d bgq lr ;sfío@ ksjdi
wysñjQjkg ±kgu ksjdi imhd Tjqka
Tjqkaf.a „ú; iqmqre≥ m˙† f.ùu
wdrïN lr ;sfío@ †ú fírd.;a;jqkg
Tjqkaf.a whs;sjdislïj,g wkqj ie,ls,s
yd m%;sldr lr ;sfío@ wfÉ m,df;a"
ud,†jhsfka" Y%S ,xldfõ" bka†hdfõ †ú
fírd.;a;jqka N+ñlïmdj,ska †ú fírd
.;a ndñ fyda .=crdá fyda fldafí fyda
jeishkag;a" uOHu weu˙ldfõ fyda
le˙ìhka ¥m;aj, fyda iq<s iq<xj,ska
fíreKq whg;a jvd fyd¢ka isákafkao@
tfia ke;akï foaYmd,k l%shdldˉka wka
wdldrhlska bgqlr .; fkdyels
wfmalaIdjka bgqlr .ekSu i|yd jHikh
ovóud lr .;a ksid ta ck;djf.a
whs;sjdislï wm%Odk lsˉulg
widOdrKhlg ,laùo@
wysñ jQ yd w;am;a lr.;a bvï
yeu wdmodjl°u „ú; yd „jfkdamdh
wysñùu" wdr®:sl wmyiq;d iy idudkH
„ú;h oreKq f,i lvd jeàu yeu
;ekl°u iy;sl fõ' tfy;a ish¨
jHikhka we;=<;ska we° hk" idr®:l
m%;sixialrKhlg" h<s f.dvke.Sulg
yd m%;sW;amdokhlg m%Odk idOlh jk
fmd≥ /yekla fõ' th kï bvï" ksjdi
yd foam,hs'
„ú; wysñùu blaujd hñka iqkdñh bvï
fld,a,ld .ekSug" ñksiqka t<jd ±óug"
widOdrK bvï w;am;a lr.ekSï ie,eiqï
lsˉug yd ksjdi wysñjQjka Tjqkaf.a
l,ska ksjdi yd bvï fj; wdmiq tau
je<elaùug fyd| ovóul= imhd ≥kafkah'
;dhs,ka;h" bka†hdj yd iqkdñhg
f.d≥rejQ wfkla rgj,a wdmiq ;u ksjdi
fj; meñKsug ckhdg iSud nkaOk mkjd
we;s kuq;a Y%S ,xldj ;u m%;sixialrK
l%shdoduh Tiafia ish ckdjdi N+ñ
or®Ykh kj yev;,hlg ieliSug mq≥u
Wmojk wdldrfhka wfmalaId l< rg
f,i fmkS isà'
rdcH m%;sm;a;s u.ska oeka fjr< iSudfõ
isg ógr 100la ^iuyr fmfoiaj, ógr
200& we;=<; kj b†lsˉï ;ykï lr
;sfí' iqkdñfhka wj;ekajQ 500"000 l
ck;dj w;=frka w;s nyq;rh „j;a jQfha
ógr 100 la we;=<;h' tfia úm;g
m;a jQ whg b†lsˉï fr.=,dis u.ska
ksjdi ,nd°ug fmdfrdka≥ ù we;s w;r
ksjdi wysñ jQ yeu flkl=gu ksjdihla
b†lr£ug Ndrf.k we;' ógr 100
we;=<; msysá fm!oa.,sl foam,j,
ysñlu tajdfha uq,a whs;slrejka i;=j
mj;sk w;r ta bvï rch i;= lr
fkd.kakd nj rch lshhs' ógr ishfha
kS;sh uqyq≥ riaidfõ kshe,S oyia ixLHd;
ëjr m%cdjg yd fjr< ;Srfha fyda ta
wdikakfha fyda riaidj l< yd „j;a
jQ wka whg o h<s ;u bvlvï fj;
meñKsu ia:srju ;ykï lrkafkah'
f;areï .ekSug yels f,iu fuhska
mSvdjg m;a jk wh i;=gq ke;'
fjr< ;Srh yd tys l,ska isá ksjeishka
h<s iqkdñhlska wdrlaId lsˉug we;s fï
leue;a; udkj ysñlï m%ñ;Skag wkqj
wr®:j;a yd fhda.H fia fmfkkq we;'
flfiafj;;a Y%S ,xldfõ fjr< ;Srfha
ck ixhq;sh fjkia lefrk fï Wmdh
úúO wxYj,ska úfõpkhg ,la l<
yelsh' m<uqfjkau" fï ck;dj wka
;eklg hdug leue;s ke;s w;r
Tjqkaf.a wdYdj ;uka l,ska isá
ia:dkj,gu hdugh' fojekak" ógr® 100
kS;sh .ek idr®:l f,i woyia úuid
ke;' ;=kajekak" ógr® 100 kS;sh ±ka
iuyr b†lsˉïj,g wod< fkdlsˉu –
fydag,a" Okj;a foam, fjf<≥Zka yd
fjk;a n,mqΩZjkaldr lKavdhï i|yd –
wksis mCImd;S;ajh ms<sn| m%n,
Woafõ.hka u;= lrhs'
ksjdi ms<sn| wúksYaÑ;Ndjh
ia:srju fjk;a ia:dkhl m†xÑhg hkjd
fjkqjg ck;djg ;u ksfjia fj; wdmiq
hdug bv°ug wfÉ n,Odˉka iaj
leue;af;ka wdmiq iSud ms<sn| kS;s
ie,elsh hq;= f,i fjkialr we;s w;r
†ú fírd.;a wfÉ cd;slfhda w¨;a
.egΩj,g uqyqK fo;s' h<s b†lsˉï
lghq;= fõokdldˉ f,i ukao.dó ù we;s
w;r iqkdñh ;on, f,i n,mE
m%foaYj, ;ju tl≥ ksjila fyda b†lr
iafldÜ f,lS
ke;s ;rïh' m%cd is;shï ieleiSfï
jeo.;a l%shdudr®.hla wfÉ m%dka;fha
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj, kdhl;ajfhka
wdrïN lr we;s kuq;a thdldrfhka
my,ska we;s l< wdrï l%shdjka
ms<s.ekSug m%dfoaYSh n,Odrska ue,s fj;s'
fuh iuyr úg f,dal nexl= wdOdr ,nk
wfÉ m%dka;fha §bvï ,shdm†xÑ lsˉfï
iS>% jevigyk¶ hgf;a is≥jkakla úh
yels w;r ta i|yd uqo,a m%;smdok
fyd¢ka ,eî we;;a mqΩ,a m%;sksr®udK
l%shdj,shg iydh ùfï° ta l%shdudr®.h
b;du;au ukao.dó yd wr®nqoj,g
keUqrejk wkaou fmfka'
Y%S ,xldfõ wdmodfjka udi yhlg
miq;a bka osú fírd.;a ish ,CI .Kka
fokdg ;ju;a ;djld,sl ksjykaj, fyda
l+vdrïj, fyda /£ isàug is≥j ;sfí'
jdr®;d fmkajd fokafka ;u ksjdi ls'ó'
y;r fyda my fyda – iuyr ia:dkj,
l'ó' 14 – ;rï idïm%odhsl uQ≥lrfha
.ïudkj,ska wE;a lr b†lsˉug rch
ie,eiqï lr we;s njhs' fuh uqyqog b;d
iómj jdih lrk uqyq†ka hefmk ëjr
mjq,aj, „jfkdamdh flfrys nrm;,
m%;súmdl we;s lrkq we;' hï wfhl= Y%S
,xldfõ ;djld,slj kej; m†xÑlrjQjka
isák ia:dk fj; .sh úg iqkdñfhka
†ú.,jd .;a fï ms˙ig wjYH ish¨
ksjdi ,eîug fmr ;j;a jir .Kkdjla
fuf,i .; lsˉug is≥ jkq we;s njg
yeÛSï we;s lr .ekSug wmyiq ke;'
h<s f.dvke.Sfï ldr®hhka i|yd fï
m%cdjka l%shdld˙ju iyNd.S lr .kakg
wiu;aj ;sîuo w;sfr®l l,lsˉulg
fya;= ù ;sfí' iqkdñh n,mE ish¨u
rgj, h<s f.dvke.Sfï jevlghq;=
iqkdñfha n,mEug yiqjQ fndfyda m%cdjka
;SrK .ekSfuka neyer lrjñka
idudkHfhkau Wäka my<g ie,eiqï l<
tajdhs' ksjdi b†lsˉu mudù we;s ;ru
ie,els,a,g .;a úg iqkdñfha n,mEug
,lajQ ish¨ mqoa.,hkag" mjq,aj,g yd
m%cdjkag ms<s.; yels yd blauKska
m%;sM, w;a lr .; yels úi≥ï fidhd
.ekSug wdKavq" ck;dj yd rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdk tlg tlaj lghq;= l< hq;=h'
2001 N+ñ lïmdfjka miq m%foaYh h<s
f.dvke.Sfï l%shdj,sfhys kdhl;ajh
.ekSug foaYSh rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj,g
yd úfoaYSh ksfhdacs; wdh;kj,g bv≥ka
.=crdá wdKavqj wdor®Yhg .ekSug
l,amkd l< hq;=fõ' rdcH yd fm!oa.,sl
wxYh úiska lrk ,oafoa kï .; úh
yels ld,hg jvd fndfyda blauKska
wj;ekajQjkg idudkH ksjdij,g hdug
yels jkq we;'
whs;sh mokï lr.; h<s b†lsˉï
†ú .,jd .;a;jqka ish ksjdi" „jfkdamdh
yd m%cdjka iuÛ h<s ia:dms; ùug
wfmalaId lroa° Tjqkaf.a udkj
16
uyd bvï fld,a,h
FMR iqkdñ
Scott Leckie
msysgqùu hk ldrKd fj; wfkHdkH
jYfhka fkd.e,fmk m%udKhkaf.ka
fhduq fkdl< hq;=h' h<s f.dvke.Su
yd mqkre;a:dmkh ioZyd we;s
iïm;aj,ska ie,elsh hq;= m%udKhla
iq≥iq ksjdi b†lsˉu" wysñ jQ
„jfkdamdh" iudc wdrlaIKh" fi!LH"
wOHdmk" yd m%cd myiqlï h<s we;s
lsˉu i|yd lem l< hq;=h'
l,ska fuys ;snqfka
f.j,a fodrj,ah"
Á ,xldj
whs;sjdislï W,a,x>kh lsˉu u.ska fï
iajNdúl wdmodfjka Wreu jQ udkj
fÄojdplh h<s weúiaiSu fkd l< hq;=h'
ksjdi" bvï yd foam, ysñlï l=uk fyda
mYapd;a jHik ldr®hhl ° m%Odk uQ,Or®u
jk w;r wkd.; ´kEu h<s f.dvke.SSfï
lghq;a;l† fjka l< yels fldgia úh
hq;=h' iyk yd h<s f.dvke.Sï ms<sn|
fufyjfr®° ksjdi" bvï yd foam, ms<sn|
ie,eiqï iqkdñhg m%;spdr jYfhka
ielfik fndfyda lr®lY ms<sfj;a wkd.;
jHikhl° j<lajd,kq msKsi ie,elsh hq;=
ldr®hNdrhla bgq lrkq we;' ysñlï
mokï lr .;a t<eUqï m%Odk lafIa;%
y;la fj; t,a, úh hq;=h(
1' leue;af;ka wdmiq meóKSfï whs;sh(
;uka l,ska „j;a jQ bvu fj;
fjkialulska f;drj iajleue;af;ka
wdmiq meñKSfï whs;sh jHikfhka
fí˙ isák ish¨ fokdgu iy;sl l<
hq;=h' Tjqkaf.a ksjdi ;j≥rg;a fyd¢ka
;sfí kï" w¨;ajeähd lsˉug yels kï"
h<s f.dvke.Sug ika;lfha ;nd
.ekSug yd h<s m†xÑùug we;s
whs;shg .re l< hq;=h' wdmiq meñKsu
ms<sn|j flfrk l=uk fyda widOdrK
;ykula .efkkafka n,y;aldrfhka
bj;a lsˉula yeáhg jk w;r th
wka;r®cd;sl kS;sh hgf;a
je/oaols'
2' m%udKj;a ksjdi yd iqrlaIs; N=la;sh
i|yd whs;sh( ish:Z jHikhkag miq" ta
jHik n,mE mjq,aj,g yd mqoa.,hkg
m%udKj;a yd ±˙h yels ksjdi myiqlï
wka;r®cd;sl udkj whs;Skag wkql+,j
yels;dla wm%udoj ,nd †h hq;=h' ksjdi
foam, fj; wdmiq meñKs miq fyda
wka ;ekl m†xÑhg wdmiq fyda tys
N=la;sh wod< mqoa.,hdg fyda m%cdjg
fyda iy;sl lr Ndr†h hq;= w;r
tajd ksjdi fomdr®;fïka;=fõ iy bvï
,shdm†xÑ lsˉfï ldr®hd,fha ,shdmosxÑ
l< hq;=h' h<s f.dvke.Sfï l%shdj,sh
fya;= fldg f.k lsisjl=;a ksjdi
ke;a;l= fkdúh hq;=h'
3' iyNd.s;ajhg" woyia ±laùug iy
fjkialug Ndckh fkdùug ;sfnk
whs;sh( wdmodj n, mE mqoa.,hka wdmiq
meñKSfï° kej; ksjdi ,nd£fï° yd
kej; m†xÑ lrùfï° flfrk ie,eiqï
yd l<uKdlrKfha ° Tjqkaf.a mQr®K
iyNd.s;ajh ,nd .ekSu i|yd úfYI
W;aidyhla ±˙h hq;=h' l=uk fyda ksjdi
ie,eiqula ms<sn|j wdmodj n, mE ish:Z
m%cdjkaf.a woyia úuish hq;= w;r ;u
jqjukd yd wfmalaIdjka ksfhdackh lrkq
msKsi m%cd uQ,sl ixúOdk f.dvkeÛSug
Tjqka Wkka≥ l< hq;=h' ksjdi yd foam,
há;, myiqlï h<s b†lsˉfï£ tajdfha
m%;s,dN l,ska ksjeishkgu úfYIfhka
≥mam;a ksjeishkgu ,efnk njg iy;sl
jkq jia mQr®K iyNd.S;ajh we;s"
úksúoNdfjfhka hq;a yd j.lSjyels
l%uhla ilia l< hq;=h' ish¨ h<s
b†lsˉï yd mqkre;a:dmk fufyhkays°
úfYIfhkau ≥r®j, yd fldkajqKq
lKavdhï ie,els,a,g .; hq;=h'
4' ;djld,sl ksjdi ms<sfj, lsrSï ;=<
wdrlaIdj i|yd whs;sh( iqkdñfhka
miq ;djld,sl ksjdi moaO;Ska msysgqjd
mj;ajd f.k hdu wka;r®cd;sl udkj
whs;Ska ms<sn| m%ñ;Skag mQr®K
wkql+,;djfhka hq;=j úh hq;=h'
ksjdi" c,h" wdydr" ffjµHdOdr"
wOHdmkh iy l|jqrejdiSkaf.a wju
whs;Ska bgq lr°ug w;sfr®lj ta
l|jqre l<ukdlrKh l< hq;af;a
l|jqrejdiSkaf.au mQr®K woyia yd
iyfhda.h ,nd .ksñks' iykdOdr
,nd°u fyda je<elaùu fyda Tjqka
md,kh lsˉu;aa hgm;a lsˉug;a
udr®.hla lr fkd.; hq;=h' ish¨
;djld,sl l|jqre we;=<; ldhsl yd
udkisl wdrlaIdjka udkisl fi!LHhka
– úfYaIfhka ldka;djkaf.a yd
<uhskaf.a – /l f.k mj;ajd f.k
hd hq;=h'
5' „jfkdamdhg iudc wdrCIKhg c,hg
fi!LHg yd wOHdmkhg ;sfnk
whs;sh( mYapd;a wdmod wdOdr" yosis
wdOdr iemehSï yd ;djld,sl loZjqre
6' m%fõKshg iu whs;sh( iqkdñfhka †ú
.,jd.;a whg ^úfYaIfhka
ldka;djkg yd <uhskg& foam, iudk
f,i mejˉu j<lk" fjkia wdldrhg
ie,elSug fya;= jk" úêu;a fyda
wúêu;a ish¨ m%;sm;a;s fyda foam,
whs;sh yd Wreuhka ms<sn| ish¨ kS;s
bj; ±ñh hq;=h' jekaoUqjkg bvï
yd ksjdi ms<sn| kS;Hkql+, Tmamq
Tjqkaf.a kïj,skau †h hq;= w;r
újdyl ldka;djkaf.a kï Tmamqfõ ish
ieñhdf.a ku iu.u iy orejka
isà;a kï Tjqkaf.a o kï iu.
we;=<;a l< hq;=h'
7' ldka;d whs;sh( ;u m%cdjf.a meje;au
iy iqnidOkh iy;sl lsˉfuys,d
idïm%odhslju m%uqL;ajh f.k isg
we;af;a ldka;djkagh' tuksid by;
úfYaIfhka i|yka l< ldka;d
whs;Ska iqrlaIs; lrkjdg w;sfr®lj
iyk" m%;sixialrK yd mqkre;a:dmk
lghq;=j,° ldka;djkg iydhùu
úfYaIfhka jeo.;ajk w;r
iyNd.sjkaakg Tjqkg we;s whs;shg
.re l< hq;=h'
ó<Û iajNdúl fyda ñksid úiska
ksr®udKh lfrk wdmodjlg fyda m%;spdr
±laùfï j.lSu Ndr° we;s m%;sm;a;s
iïmdolhka yg bka†hka id.r iqkdñh
mdvï /ilau imhhs' h<s f.dvke.Sfï
l%shdj,shg l,dmfha wdKavq úiska lrkq
,enQ wm ≥gq weÛs,s .eiSï B<Û
iqkdñfha° fkdlrkq we;ehs wfmalaId l<
hq;=fõ'
ksjdi whs;sh yd bj;a lsˉu ms<sn|
uOHia:dkfha (COHRE www.cohre.org)
úOdhl wOHlaI iafldÜ f,lS iqkdñh
yg.;a jydu ud,†jhsfka yd Y%S ,xldfõ
ksjdi" bvï yd foam, whs;sh ms<sn|
m%Yak .ek lghq;= lf<ah' iqkdñhg
uqyqK ≥ka ish¨ rgj, h<s f.dvke.Sfï
jevigykaj,° udkj ysñlï
W,a,x>Khùï .ek wjOdkfhka isàu
i|yd <Û† fld<U ldr®hd,hla
(bret@cohre.org) o wdrïN le˙Ks'
úoHq;a ;emE,( scott@cohre.org
17
FMR iqkdñ
iqkdñh ksid fjk;a wr®nqo i|yd fjkalrk
,o wruqo,aj,g n,mEula we;sjQfhao@
fgdaì ,ekair®
k;a y†is wjia:djka i|yd fjkafldg
;snQ wruqo,ao iqkdñhg m%;sldr lsˉu
i|yd fhdojdf.k ;sîu .ek wdOdr
fCI;%fha kshe,S isák l%shdldˉka ;u wi;=g
m%ldY lr we;' ´kEu n,j;a y†is
;;a;ajhla WodjQ úg tjeks ìh iel
my<ùu wreuhla fkdfõ' tfy;a tjekakla
hqla;siy.;o@
fï ,smsh ,shk 2005 cqks 3 jkod jkúg
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a uqo,a .fõIK fiajdj
(FTS)1 jdr®;d lf<a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a m%Odk
fmf<a wdh;k iy rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk
úiska fufyhjk jevigykaj,g wruqo,a
imhk tlai;a cd;Skaf.a CIKsl wNshdpkd
iy taldnoaO wNshdpkd hk wdh;k folg
41% l m%udKhl wruqo,la ia:sr jYfhkau
,eî we;s njhs' flfiafj;;a bka°h id.r
jevigyk fï iólrKfhka msg;g .;a úg
wruqo, 25% olajd my; jefgk nj;a
fmkS hhs' .sh wjqreoafoa fï ld,h jk úg
CIKsl wNshdpkd iy taldnoaO wNshdpkd
hk wdh;k folu vdr®mQr® is≥ùïj,g
f,dalfha wjOdkh fhduq lrjQ úg 23%
wruqo,la Bg tl;= úh' ;;a;ajh .sh
wjqreoaog jvd iq:ZjYfhka fjkia ù we;s
nj neÆ ne,aug fmfka' tfy;a ;;a;ajh
;ju;a fyd|h' wruqo,g wdOdr lrk m%Odk
fmf,a rgj,a w;=frka cr®uksh" cmdkh"
fkdar®fõ iy tlai;a ckmoh jeks rgj,a
.sh wjqreoaog jvd jeä m%udKhla wruqo,a
fjk;a wr®nqo i|ydo imhd ;sfí'
we;a;jYfhkau fjk;a wr®nqo u;=jQ wjia:
dj,° tajd fjkqfjka o wdOdr lsˉu hym;a
m%jD;a;shla jYfhka fmkS hhs' we;af;kau"
th hym;a m%jD;a;shlao@
wfkl=;a wr®nqo i|yd fjka lr ;sfnk
wruqo,aj,g iqkdñh úiska n,mEula lr
we;af;ah hk ks.uKhg t<efUkakg
fmrd;=j wm udkjohdjd° lghq;= fjkqfjka
fï wjqreoao i|yd fjka lr ;sfnk uqo,a
m%udKh 2004 wjqreoao yd ii|ñka i,ld
ne,Su wjYHh' flfiafj;;a iqkdñhg
mskais≥jkakg 2005 wjqreoao i|yd iykdOdr
wdh;k fjkqfjka iEfyk ;rï uqo,a
m%udKhla fjka fldg we;af;ah' iqkdñ
wruqo,g wu;rj fï wjqreoao i|yd
fvd,r® ñ,shk 847 la fjka fldg ;sfnk
w;r th 2004 wjqreoao i|yd fjka lr
;snQ uqo,g jvd jeäh' 2004 wjqreoao i|yd
fjka lr ;snQ uqo, fvd,r® ñ,shk 697 ls'
fï uqo,ska nd.hlau iqvdkh i|yd fjka lr
;sfnk w;r wfkl=;a fkdi,ld y˙k ,o
y†is wjia:djka i|yd b;s˙j ;sfnkafka
fvd,r® ñ,shk 417 la muKs' fï fya;=fjka
uOHu wm%sldkq ckrch" veâ" fpÉkshdj"
t˙;%shdj" .Skshdj" fidud,shdj iy ngysr
wm%sldkq hk rgj,g 2005 wjqreoafoa m<uq
udi my we;=<; ,enqfka .sh wjqreoafoa tu
ld, m˙Éf√oh ,enqkdg jvd wvqfjks'
tneúka tu rgj, jdih lrk ckhdf.a
„jk ;;a;ajh wjqreoaog fmr mej;s
;;a;ajhg jvd my;g weo jeà we;e’hs
flfkl=g ;r®l l< yelsh' 2005 wjqreoafoa
b†˙m;a fldg ;snQ wdOdr wNshdpkd 21 ka
idudkH jYfhka wruqo,a iemhqfka tajdfhka
25% g muKs' wNshdpkd 11 g imhk ,oafoa
20% g;a wvq wruqo,a m%udKhls' 1992 isgu
tjeks wNshdpkdj,ska 67% gu wruqo,a
imhd ° ;sfnk neú lsh;yels jQj;a fmd≥fõ
.;al, iqkdñh fya;=fldgf.k wruqo,a
m%odkh lsˉfï ld, jljdKq iïnkaOfhka
nrm;, wr®nqohla mek ke.S ;sfnk nj
lsjhq;=uh'
fï wjqreoao jQl,s m%Odk fmf<a wdKavq
lSmhla hym;a Ndú;djka hym;a m%;sm;a;Ska
?lSu i|yd tlg tl;=ù msysgqjd.;a
§hym;a udkjohdjd° odhl;ajh¶2 kï
wdrïNl l%shdj †h;a flfrk fojk
wjqreoao fõ' fï wdrïNl l%shdj b†˙m;a
fldg we;s fhdackdj,ska tlla kï wNshdpkd
b†˙m;a lsˉfuka miqj tajd fjkqfjka b;d
blauKskau wruqo,a ,nd°uh' iqkdñh
fjkqfjka m<jQ uQ,H m%;spdrh b;du;a
fõ.j;a tlla jqjo fujeks fjk;a wr®nqo
flfr® ±lajqKq m%;spdrh iqmqre≥ m˙†
ukao.dó idudkH tlla ùh' wruqo,a
odhlhska ish:Zfokdu mdfya iqkdñh fj;
iajlSh wjOdkh fhduq l< fyhska fjk;a
wr®nqoj,g fhduqlrùu i|yd Tjqka fj;
ldr®HuKav, iïm;a m%udKj;a m˙† ;snqfkao
ke;' tneúka w;ajQ tla m%;sM,hla jQfha"
iqkdñfhka ndysrj wr®nqo u;=jQ wjia:dj,°'
fhda‚; fldka;%d;a;=j,g wruqo,a ,nd°u"
idudkH ld,j,° isoaOjkjdg jvd fndfyda
ld,hla .; ù isoaOùuh'
iuyr wjia:dj,° iuyr wdh;k úiska ,nd
fok njg w:Zf;ka fmdfrdka≥ jQ w;sfr®l
iqkdñ uqo,a ksl=;a lrkakg tu wdh;kj,g
fkdyels úh' Bg fya;=j iuyr m%odk
lrejkag ta i|yd fjk;a wdh;kj,ska
uqo,a fkd,eîuh' túg tu wdh;k lf<a
fjk;a y†is wjia:djla i|yd fjka lr ;snQ
uqo,a iqkdñ uqo,a njg flá udr®. Tiafia
kej; †id.; lsˉuh' wruqo,a ,ndfok
njg fndfyda wud;HdxY fndfyda wjia:dj,
fmdfrdka≥ jQj;a ta i|yd jHjia:dodhlfha
wjir wjYHjk fyhska ta i|yd ld,hlao
.; jkafkah' b†ka iqkdñh úiska iuyr
wruqo,a kej; †id.; lrkq ,enQ w;r ta
fya;=j ksidu wr®nqo l,dmj, mj;ajdf.k
.sh fjk;a jevigykaj,go uqo,a ,Ûdùu
m%udo úh' iuyr wdKavqj,g ksl=;a l<
yelafla wjqreoaola i|yd l,skau wkqu;
l< ia:djr iykdOdr wruqo,a muKs" w;=re
úhoï i|yd jeh YSr®I Bg tl;= lsˉug
fldfy;au ne˙h' *ska,ka;h tjeks rgls'
iqkdñhg uqo,a ksl=;a lsˉu hkafka f;areu
wfkl=;a wr®nqo fjkqfjka úhoï lrkakg
fjka lr ;sfnk uqo,a m%udKj, wvqùuhs'
iqkdñfhka miqj jydu läkñka fkduiqrej
l%shd;aul jkake’hs b,a,d flfrk ±ä
n,mEï wdOdr wdh;kj,g wNHka;˙lj;a
ndysrj;a t,a, úh' flfiafj;;a mqyqKqj ,o
ldr®h uKav, isáfha iSñ; m%udKhls' iuyr
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a wdh;k iy rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdk fuf;la ;uka ksr; ù isák m%Odk
fCI;% l%shdkaú;j,ska bj;a ù" tmuKla
fkdj uQ,ia:dkh jYfhkao fjkialï
we;sfldg" iqkdñ wdmodj wduka;%Kh
lrkakg mgka .;ay' tu l%shdodufha wjidk
m%;sM,h jQfha iuyr ixúOdk ta ta l,dm
fjkqfjka miq.sh wjqreoafoa b†˙m;a lrk
,o jHdmD;s fhdackd" §wxl tfla wr®nqo¶
yeáhg y≥kajdfok ,o fhdackd" miq.sh
wjqreoaog jvd fujr wvq ù ;sîuhs' tla
m%Odk wruqo,a m%odklrefjla lshd isáfha
.;jQ wjqreoao yd ii|d n,k l, fï
wjqreoafoa wm%sldkq rgj,a i|yd b†˙m;a lr
;sfnk jHdmD;s fhdackd m%udKh wvq njhs'
ks.uK
bka†hdkq id.rh wdmodj úiska fjk;a
wr®nqo i|yd fjka fldg ;snQ wruqo,a ;ud
fj;g weo .kq ,eìke’hs lshefjk u;fhka
we;af;kau fhdackd jkafka ìka≥fjka mgka
.kakd ;rÛ fi,a,uls' ty° iqkdñhg
fmdfrdka≥ jk uqo,a m%udKfhka f;areïjkafka
wfkl=;a wr®nqo i|yd wvq uqo,a m%udKhla
,efnk njhs' we;af;kau mj;sk ;;a;ajh
Bg;a jvd ixlSr®Kh' WodyrKhla jYfhka
lshf;d;a" iqkdñ wruqo, fjkqfjka ;uka
ksl=;a lrkafka wu;r uqo,a m%udKhla nj;a
fjk;a wr®nqo i|yd fjka lr ;sfnk uqo,a
m%udKh .;jQ wjqreoao yd ii|k l,
fnfyúka jeä nj;a wruqo,a m%odkh lrk
fndfyda rgj,a lshd isàuh'
iuia:hla jYfhka lreKq i,ld n,kúg"
bka°h id.r wdmodj yuqfõ wruqo,a
odhlhska yd wdOdr wdh;k ±lajQ m%;spdrh"
hg;ams˙fihska ;djld,sl jYfhka jqj;a"
fjk;a wr®nqoj,g Tjqka olajk m%;spdrhg
n,md ;sfnk nj lsh; yelsh' ieneúkau"
fï ;;a;ajh fjkia l< yelafla wdOdr
m%cdj úiska ±kqj;aj hï hï l%shdldrlïj,
ksr;ùu ;=,sks' wfmCIs;" kshñ; iy
wjYH;d - mdol wd° jYfhka wruqo,a
i|yd b,a,Sï yeuúgu b†˙m;a flfrk
w;r tu b,a,Sï j,x.= tajd f,io ie,lsh
hq;af;ah' wvqfjka wdOdr lsˉu;a l,a.;ù
wdOdr lsˉu;a ksid u;=jk .eg:Z fj;g
wruqo,a odhlhkaf.a wjOdkh wdOdr
wdh;k úiska fhduq lrúh hq;=h' l,a.;jQ
fyda w;yerouk ,o fyda jevigyka ksid
ckhdg uqyqK fokakg is≥ù ;sfnk úmdl
úia;r lefrk idOl yd ixLHdf,aLk
wjYHh' iqkdñ uqo,a w:Z;ska tla /ia l<
tajd nj;a tneúka wfkl=;a jevigykaj,g
thska ydkshla isoaOjkafka ke;s nj;a ta ta
wdKavq mjik úg th Tmamq lr fmkajk
f,i b,a,d isáh hq;=h' udkjohdjd° .sKqï
fyd|yeá ;r fldg ;nd.ekSu i|yd
jHjia:dodhl iNd iy uqo,a wud;HdxY
iS.%fhka jevlghq;= l< hq;=h'
y†is iykfiajd ie,iSfï° ish,a,g jvd
jeo.;ajkafka ksjer†j ld,h ksr®Kh
lsˉuhs' 2005 wjqreoafoa cqks ui w.°
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh ‚kSjd kqjr°
/iaùula le|jk ,oafoa ;uka b†˙m;a l<
wNshdpkdj, jr®;udk ;;a;ajh idlÉPd
lsˉu i|ydh' f,dalfha jvd;a wjdisodhl
;ekaj, „j;ajk" tfukau wdmodjg yd
.egqug ,lajQ" ckfldgia i|yd fï jkúg
lghq;= ixúOdkh ù ;sfnk wkaou i,ld
ne,Su tu /iaùfï wruqK ù ;sìK' tfukau
tu ckfldgiaj, wjYH;d udkjohdjd°
m%cdfõ wjOdkhg jydu ,laúh hq;=j ;sfí'
fgdaì ,ekair® irKd.; wOHdmk fCIa;%fha
ysgmq ndysr l:sldpdr®hjrfhls' ±kg
‚kSjd ys msysá tlai;a cd;Skaf.a udkjohdjd°
lghq;= iïnkaëlrK ldr®hd,h (OCHA) g
wkqnoaO taldnoaO wNshdpk l%shdj,sfha
(CAP) m%Odkshdh' fï ,smsh Tyq ,shk ,oafoa
mqoa.,sl uÜgñkah' úoHq;a ;emE,(
lanzer@un.org
1.www.reliefweb.int/fts
2.www.reliefweb.int/ghd
18
FMR iqkdñ
DFID ixúOdkh iqkdñ m%;spdr iudf,dapkh
lrhs
fâúâ fydfrdìka
w.aks†. wdishdkq l,dmhg foieïnr® 26 ∞
myr ≥ka iqkdñh fjkqfjka ì%;dkH wdKavqj
±lajQ m%;spdrhg kdhl;ajh ≥kafka
cd;Hka;r ixjr®Ok wxYh (DFID) hs' tu
wxYhg wkqnoaO .egqï iy udkjohdjd°
lghq;= ms,sn| wxYfha fufyhqï lKavdhu
(CHAD OT) fufyhjk m%Odk udKav,sl
ks,Od˙jrhd foieïnr® 26 jk †k ijia
Nd.fha° ,kavkfha isg fld<U n,d msg;a
úh' ì%;dkH uy flduid˙ia ldr®hd,fha
fiajfha ksr; DFID ks,Od˙hd iy" tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a ixúOdk ksfhda‚;hkao yuqùfuka
miq" oreKq;u úkdYhlg uqyqK ° we;e’hs
jdr®;d jQ kef.kysr m,df;a wïmdr
†ia;%slalh fj; yels blau◊kau hEug
;SrKh lrk ,o w;r fuu ldr®Hh
we.ehSug Á ,xldfõ wdKavqjg iydh ms◊i
tlai;a cd;sl ixúOdkh iy mqΩ,a
udkqIjd† ix.ï lghq;= lf<dah' ta wkqj
taldnoaO UN-USAID-DFID we.hSï
lKavdhula úiska wdm∞jg uqyqK ° †k
lSmhla we;=,; n,mEu yd wjYH;d
ms,sn|j iS.% tfy;a m˙mQr®K we.hSula
is≥fldg wjika fl˙K' blaì;af;ka" wmf.a
ldr®huKav,h iykdOdr fiajd lghq;=j,
ksr;j isá tlai;a rdcOdksfha yuq∞
lKavdhug udr®f.damfoaYl;ajh iemhSu"
UNHCR iy wdKavqfõ ks,Odˉka iu.
tl;= ù ;djld,sl ksjdi b†lsˉfï lghq;=
ixúOdkh lsˉu" ksjdi$wdrCIdj$
ufkdaiudchSh iydh$wOHdmkh$„jfkdamdhka
kej; mK.ekaùu jeks ldrKdj,g
m%uqL;ajh foñka CHAD l<ukdld˙;ajhg
iydhùu jeks lghq;=j, ksr; úh'
iykdOdr iemhqï
f.dvnEu" nkavd
wfÉ" bka¥kSishdj
iykdOdr /.;a m%:u .=jka hdkh
ixúOdkh fldg tlai;a rdcOdksfhka msg;a
fldg tjk ,oafoa DFID wdh;khhs'
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a udkjohdjd° lghq;=
ms,sn| iïnkaëlrK ldr®hd,h (OCHA)
†h;a l< bka°h id.r CI◊l wNshdpk
wdh;khg mjqï ñ,shk 10 la DFID
m˙;Hd. l<dh' ta yefrkakg tlai;a cd;Ska
úiska †h;a lrk ,o iykdOdr iy
m%;dldrl ls%hdldrlïj,go DFID ;j;a
mjqï ñ,shk 40 la ,nd ° ;sfí' tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a úúO wdh;kj,g ,nd≥ka
m%;smdok iy NdKav o Bg we;=,;ah'
DFID úiska .dia;= f.jd ,nd .;a
fy,sfldmagr myla tlai;a cd;Ska iy
wfkl=;a tackais iemhQ NdKav iqkdñfhka
úkdY ù .sh ngysr fjr<nv iqud;%dfõ
„j;a jQ yqfol,d ck lKavdhï fj;
fn∞yeˉfuys,d jeo.;a jev fldgila bgq
lf<ah' ta yefrkakg wm" tlai;a
rdcOdkshg wh;a fkdjQ ixúOdk 5 o
we;=Ωj" rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk 25 g
m%;smdoko ,nd ° ;sfí' mjqï ñ,shk 3.5
r;= l=rei ixúOdkhg;a fl%ikaÜ
jHdmdrhg;a ,ndfok ,°' tlai;a rdcOdksh
;=, msysgd ;sfnk uq,afmf,a wdOdr wdh;k
13 we;=,;a taldnoaO ixúOdkhla jk
tlai;a rdcOdksfha y†is wdm∞ lñgqj úiska
ixúOdkh lrk ,o iykdOdr iemhqï
/.;a .=jka .ukajdr 26 la i|yd wms
.dia;= f.úfjuq'1
W∞jQ y†is ;;a;ajh ;=< mek ke.s .egΩ
.Kkdjla DFID wdh;kh y∫kd.;a;dh'
úfYaIfhkau ngysr fjr<nv iqud;%dfõ
wdm∞jg ,la jQ ck fldgia iïnkaOfhka
o;a; yd f;dr;=re ,enqfka iSudiys;jh'
tys ;snQ foaYSh y†is wjia:d l<uKdlrK
jHqyh b;d ≥r®j, wähl mej;s w;r
iuyr wxYj,° kdhl;ajh .kafka l=uk
ndysr wdh;khlao hk wjq,o tys biau;=
ù ;sìK' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a y†is wNshdpkh
iQodkï lr.kakg l,a.; jQ w;r th
t;rï jHqy.; ù ke;s nj;a fmkS .sfhah'
iq≥iqlï ;sfnk w;a±lSï iys;
ldr®huKav,j, ysÛ;djfhka fndfyda tackais
miq úh' DFID wdh;kfha iydh ,nd °
nkavd wfÉ m%foaYfha° iy fld<U°
msysgqjk ,o udkjohdjd° f;dr;=re
uOHia:dko wjYH ;rï blau◊kau lghq;=
lsˉu;a is≥fkdùh'
wdm∞fjka ihuilg miq th úiska wruqo,a
imhk ,o jevigyka miqúmrï lsˉug;a
fida†is lsˉug;a DFID mgka .;a;dh' wm
±ka ksr; ù isákafka bka≥kSishdj"
bka†hdj" Y%S ,xldj" ud,†jhsk wd† rgj,a
,nd we;s m%.;sh wëCIKh lrk
fufyjrlh' we;af;kau" ;j;a fndfyda
foaaj,a l< hq;=j ;sfí' ckhdg ia:sr
jdiia:dk ,nd †h hq;=h" fï jdiia:dkj,g
kshudldrfhka c,h iy ikSmdrCIl
lghq;= i,id †h hq;=h" fi!LH wdrCIdj
iy wOHdmk lghq;= ie,eiaúh hq;=h" „ú;
yd „jfkdamdh kej; f.dvke.Su i|yd
wjYH fuj,ï wdïmkak imhd †h hq;=h,
wkd.; lïmkj,g uqyqK°u i|yd
Tjqkaf.a yelshd Yla;sh jeä†hqKq l<
hq;=h'
hym;a udkjohdjd° m˙;Hd.YS,s wdrïNl
l%shd yuqfõ ;uka i;= hq;=lï iuq∞h
fudkjd±’hs DFID wdh;khg fyd|
wjfndaOhla ;sfí' tajdf.au bf.kSu iy
iïnkaëlrKh ms,sn| ldrKd .ek;a
tu wdh;khg fyd| wjfndaOhla ;sfí'
iqkdñ wdm∞jg wm wdh;kh m%;spdr
±lajQ wdldrh .ek m˙mQr®K udkjohdjd°
m%;spdr iudf,dapkhla lsˉug fï jkúg;a
wm iQ∞kï fjñka isákafkuq' ta i|yd
wruqo,a ∞hl wdh;kj, l<ukdlrejkaf.a
/iaùula meje;aùugo ie,iqï fldg ;sfí'
tu /iaùfï° úia;rd;aul ksr®foaY
b†˙m;a flfrkq we;s w;r" udf.a mqoa.,sl
w;a±lSïj,g wkqj kï" my; i|yka
wjYH;d w;am;a lr.kakd f,i iqkdñh
úiska wmg W.kajd we;e’hs uu úYajdi
lrñ(
■ tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdk yryd is≥
flfrk fmd≥ NdKav m%jdyk fiajd
■ by< iún,.ekaùulska iukaú;"
w;a±lSï nyq," tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
udkjohdjd° iïnkaëldrljre
■ tlai;a cd;Skaf.a iy hqfrdamd fldñifï
ia:djr wdm∞ m%;spdr óg jvd †hqKq l<
hq;=h
■ tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh Tiafia
w;smqΩ,a iïnkaëlrKhjla f.dvk.kq
i|yd hqfrdamd fldñiu úiska hdka;%K
ksr®udKh l< hq;=h
■ ñ,sg˙ yd isú,a udkjohdjd° Y%ñlhka
w;r iyfhda.S;djh f.dvke.Su i|yd
meye†,s udr®f.damfoaY y∫kajd †h hq;=h
■ udkjohdjd° ldr®j uKav, i|yd †hqKq
jD;a;Sh m%ñ;Ska iy fhda.H;d jHqy
y∫kajd †h hq;=h
■ wruqo,a∞hlhska fmd≥ fufyhqï wruqKq
Wfoid tlÛ;ajhlg meñKsh hq;=h
fâúâ fydfrdìka DFID ixúOdkfha .egqï
yd udkjohdjd° lghq;= ms,sn| wxYfha
fufyhqï lKavdhfï wOHCIljrhdh'
úoHq;a ;emE,( D-Horobin@dfid.gov.uk
fuu ,smsh ,shk ,oafoa mqoa.,sl w;a±lSï
wdY%fhks' tu ,smsfhka DFID wdh;kfha
fyda tlai;a rdcOdks wdKavqfõ fyda woyia
wjYHfhkau ksfhdackh fkdflfr®'
1.www.dec.org.uk
UNICEF/Josh Estey
t
lai;a rdcOdksfha cd;Hka;r
ixjr®Ok wxYh iqkdñ wdm∞j;a
iu.u CI◊lj fmdfrdka≥ jQ mjqï
ñ,shk 68lg wdikak m%udKhla iykdOdr
jYfhka ,nd°u wdrïN lr we;' fuu
wdh;kh úiska is≥lrk ,o udkjohdjd°
m%;spdr iudf,dapkh ;ju;a iïmQr®K ù
ke;;a Bg w∞, uQ,sl wOHhkhka is≥
fldg wjidkh'
19
FMR iqkdñ - bka≥kSishdj
iqkdñfhka miq wfÉ m%dka;fha wNHka;rslj
wj;ekajQjka fj; msúiSu
laf,daähd yâiafm;a
iqkdñ jHikfha úmdl jYfhka wfÉ m%dka;fha mosxÑ ñ,shk
Nd.hla fyj;a ,laI 5la m<df;a ck.ykfhka ishhg 12la;u rg ;=< u wj;ekajQjka njg m;a jQy' Tjqka fj; msúiSu
udkjohdjdoS l%shdldrSkag úYd, wNsfhda.hla úh' wkd.; yosis
wjia:djkays° tjeks ck;djka fj; msúiqï udr®. oshqKq lr .ekSu
i|yd wfÉ m,df;a oS ,;a w;a±lSïj,ska jeo.;a mdvï W.;
yelsh'
j
j;ekajQjkaf.ka fndfyda fofkla
tlaflda m<d; yer .shy' fkdtfia
kï i;aldr mjq,a úiska Ndr .kq
,enQy' tfy;a ie,elsh hq;= m%;sY;hla"
fndfyda úg b;du os<s∫ fldgia" ;djld,sl
l|jqrej, „j;a jQy' bvla ;snqKq uqia,sï
m,a,sj,o mdi,aj, o l%Svdx.Kj,o
t<suyka N+ñj,o úkdY jQ .ïudk
whsfkao muKla fkdj bka≥kSishdkq
n,Orhka iy GAM fn≥ïjd°ka w;r
wdrjq,lg md;%j ;sfnk m%foaYfhys Wia
N+ñj,o msysgd we;s ljr fyda ;efkl fï
;djld,sl l|jqre msysgqjd ;sfí' blauKskau
m%;spdr olajd je<elaúh yels urK
je<elaùug wka;r®cd;sl m%cdj iu;a jQ
w;r wfÉ m%foaYhg msúiSfï° uqyqK mE
m%Odk ndOl ;=kla úh' fN!;sl ndOl"
f;dr;=reuh ndOl yd §iudcuh¶ ndOl ta
;=ka jeoEreï ndOlhs' jvd;a myiqfjka
<Ûd ùug yels ia:dkj, isá
wj;ekajQjkg wjYH y†is iykdOdr
imhk w;ru fï ndOl ch .ekSu
w;sYfhkau ≥Ialr úh'
msúiSug ;snQ fN!;sl ndOl
wj;ekajQjka fndfyda fokl= fj; <Ûdùu
.eg:Ziy.; nj wdrïNfh°u meye†,s
úh' m<uq fldgu iqkdñfha oreKqu
m%pKav;ajhg ,la jQ m%foaYh - nKavd
wfÉ isg fujq,fndafõ ol=Kq fl<jr
olajd ls'ñ' 200l fjr<nv N+ñ m%foaYhg
msúiSu lsisfia;au fkdyels ;;a;ajfhl
;sìK' tys udr®.o md,ï ish .Kklao
iqkdñ ievmyrg .idf.k f.dia ;sìK'
l'ñ' 26l md,ï Od˙;djla wjYHj
;sìK' fjr<dikak uqyqfoys w¨;a je,s
l∫ ksr®udKhùu yd iqkanqka tl;=ùu
ksid f,dl= hd;%d f.dvnEug fkdyels
úh' tneúka tys msúiSug yels jQfha l=vd
fndaÜgqj,ska iy fy,sfldmagr®j,ska muKs'
tlS ;;a;ajh hgf;a ta fjr<nv m%foaYfha
wj;ekajQjka fj; <Ûd ùug ñ, wêl
iemhqï wdOdr iy ie,eiqï ilia lsˉu
i|yd lafIa;% ldr®hhkays ukd ksmqK;ajhla
we;s ldr®h uKav,hla wjYH úh'
wfÉys iqkdñ jHikhg m%;spdr oelajSu
tlai;a cd;Ska" rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk iy
hqO yuqod w;r ñka fmr fkdjQ úrE
uÜgful wka;r® l%shdldˉ;ajhlg ;=vq
≥kafkah - hqOyuqod wdOdr - fy,sfldmagr®
hdkd" ;djld,sl jrdhj,a iy f.dvnEu
i|yd úfYaIfhka ksIamd†; uqyq≥ hd;%d w;sYfhka m%fhdackj;a úh' flfiafj;;a
hqO yuqod iy udkjohdj° m%cdj w;r
fukau hqO yuqod w;ru - iyk
lghq;=j, WÉPu wjia:dfõ° rgj,a 15lska
meñKs yuqod tall tys úh )
iïnkaëlrKh i|yd jvd †hqKq hdka;%K
;snqKd kï yuqod wdOdr jvd;a M,odhl
ùug;a ta wdOdr m%udKh jeä ùug;a
;ssìK' iqkdñ jHikhg f.d≥re jQ rgj,a
mqrd hqO yuqod wdOdr iïnkaëlrKh lsˉu
msKsi taldnoaO yuqod ldr®h idOl
n,ldhhla ;dhs,ka;fhys ia:dmkh lrkq
,enqjo Bg W!k mQrKhla jYfhka foaYSh
yuqod taldnoaO ldr®h idOl n,ldhhla
fyda yuqod-isú,a taldnoaO tallhla
(CIMIC) fyda msysgqjkakg ;sìK'
hqO yuqod iïm;a ish,a, iïnkaëlrKh
l< bka≥kSishdkq yuqodj;a f;dr;=re
fnodyod .ekSfï yd is;shï ieleiSfï
lghq;= iïnkaOfhka wka;r®cd;sl m%cdj;a
w;r in|;do jr®Okh l< hq;=j ;sìK'
fm!oa.,Sl wxYfhka ms˙keuqKq ø%jHuh
wdOdr uq,a i;s lSmh ;=< wE; m%foaYj,g
.=jkska m%jdyKh lsˉug hqO yuqod
iïm;a úYd, jYfhka mdúÉÑ lrkq
,eîh' fï lghq;= bka†hdkq hqO yuq∞j
úiska iïnkaëlrKh lrkq ,enqjo jydu
±lajqKq fï m%;spdrh iy uQf,damdhsl
f;dr;=re /ia l< yd ie,iqï ilia
l< udkjohdjd° wxYfha iïnkaëlrK
lKavdhï iu. Tjqkag meye†,s in|;djla
;snqfKa ke;'
;jo uqo,a f.ùfulska f;drj .=jka
uÛska m%jdyK lghq;= lsˉug yelshdj
;snqKq fyhska fiiq úl,am m%jyK udOH
†hqKq lsˉula is≥ fkdùh' foaYSh l=vd
hd;%d m%fhdackhg fhdod .ekSfï l%uhla
jr®Okh flf<a kï iqkdñfhka nrm;,
f,iu úkdYhg m;a ck fldgila jQ
foaYSh ëjr ck;djf.a „jdfkdamdhg
úYd, msgqjy,la jkakg ;sìK' iqkdñhg
fmr wfÉys fjr<nv m%foaYfhys ñksiqka
yd NdKav m%jdyKh i|yd foAYSh fndaÜgq
fiajd l%uhla ;sìK' tfy;a wka;r®cd;sl
hqO yuqod bj;a ù hdug wdikak ùu;a
iuÛ úl,am m%jdyK l%u fiùug n,
flfrk f;lau ta foaYSh fndaÜgq fiajd
l%uh fidhd ne,Sug udkjohdjd° m%cdj
W;aiql fkdùh' foaYSh m%jdyK moaO;sh
m%;sIaGdmkh l<d kï foaYSh wdr®:slhg
iy úm;lg m;a ck;djkaf.a „jfkdamdhg
msgqjy,la ùug;a foaYSh m%jdyK wxYhg
kj mKla °ug;a iqkdñfhka mSvdjg m;a
ck fldgiaj,g w;sYfhkau wjYHj
;sfnk m%jdyK myiqlï ie,eiSug;a
th msysg jkakg ;sìK' .egqï l,dmj,
udkjohdjdoS lghq;= bgq lsˉfï° yuqod
hd;%d iy .=jka hdkd mdúÉÑh iEu l,aysu
wjidk WmlrKh úh hq;=h'
fy,sfldmagr® hdkd mdúÉÑfhka jqjo
wj;ekajQjka fj; idOdrK m%úIaG ùula
iy;sl fkdùh' fy,sfldmagr® f.dvnEu"
.egqï úuqla; l,dm f,iska tlÛ;ajhg
meñK ;snq l,dmj,g iSud úh' fuys
m%;sM,h jQfha Wia N+ñ lrd ^tajd fndfyda
úg wkdrlaIs; m%foaY úh'& f.dia isá
wj;ekajQjka fj; <Ûd ùug fkdyels
ùuhs' Bgo wu;rj wdrlaIl kS;s ˉ;s
wkqj fy,sfldmagr® hdkd kshñ; ld,h
blaujd k;r ler ;eîuo ;ykï úh'
NdKav idOdrK f,i fnod yeˉu tneúka
.eg¨iy.; úh' fndfyda wjia:djkays°
iykdOdr fy,sfldmagr® hdkdj,ska nEu
iy wj;ekajQjka w;r fnod °u is≥
lrkq ,enqfõ bka≥kSishdkq hqO yuqodj
úisks' iykdOdr fnod yeˉfï úêu;a
úêl%uhla fkd;snqKq fyhska fy,sfldmagr®
hdkd f.dvnEfï l,dmj,g ógr® ishhla
fyda folla fyda ;rï fkd≥re ia:dkj,
kjd;eka f.k isá wj;ekajQjkg mjd
idOdrK f,i iykdOdr ,enqfKa ke;'
wdrlaIl kS;s ˉ;s fl;rï oeä jQfhao
h;a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ldr®h uKav,hg
ngysr fjr<dikakfha iSud lrk ,o
m%foaY lSmfhl yer wka ia:dkj,
/hla .; lsˉu mjd ;ykï úh' wfÉys
udkjohdjdoS lghq;= wëlaIKh lsˉfï
Tjqka i;= Od˙;dj ta wdrlaIl ;yxÑ ksid
iSud ù ;sìKs'
ngysr fjrf<a úkdYh;a yuqod m%jdyK
myiqlï ;sîu;a wj;ekajQjka úYd,
jYfhka cSj;ajk iy myiqfjka msúiSug
yels m%foaY fjfiiskau BYdk †.
fjr<nv m%foaY fj; wjOdkhg fhduq
fkdjQfhah' iudkqmd;sl fkdjk ld,hl=;a
iïm;=;a ngysr fjr<nv wj;ekajQjka
idfmalaIl jYfhka wvq ixLHdjla fj;
<Ûd ùug jeh jQfhah'
msúiSug ;snQ f;dr;=re ndOl
wfÉys wj;ekajQjka isákafka fldfyao
lSfokl= isákjdo hkak fidhd .ekSu mjd
≥Ialr úh' nKavd wfÉ iy fuõ,fnda
hk m%Odk k.rj, iy lsf,da ógr
ish .Kkla fjr< †f.a o le,Ej,o
l+vdrï b† lrkq ,eîh' tfia b† lereKq
l+vdrï ixLHdj 500lg wêl úh'
tajdfhys „j;ajq mjq,a ixLHdj we;eï
;efkl lSmfhls' ;j;a ;efkl ish
.Kfkls' iuyr mjq,a ;djld,sl uvqj,
„j;a jQ w;r iuyr mjq,a ta jk úg;a
meje;s m%cd Yd,dj, ,e.=ï f.k isáhy'
udkjohdjd° wjYH;d ms<snoZ m˙mQr®K
tlu ;lafiarejla fyda uq,a †kj,os is≥
lerefKa ke;' wj;eka jQjka fjfik
m%foaYj,°" tajdfhys msysáu" ixLHdj"
idudkH ;;a;ajh iy iuyr fmd¥
20
iqkdñfhka miq wfÉ m%dka;fha wNHka;rslj wj;ekajQjka fj; msúiSu
FMR iqkdñ - bka≥kSishdj
;=jd, ,o
ldka;djla ffjoH
m%;sldr i|yd
f.k ths" nkavd
wfÉ" bka¥kSishdj
wdxYsl ;lafiarelsˉï lSmhla wdrïN lrkq
,eî h' ngysr fjrf<a ;;a;ajh ms<sn|
f;dr;=re tla/ia lsˉu msKsi wefu˙ldkq
kdúl yuqodjg wh;a USS Lincoln kue;s
hqO kefõ isg fufyhejqKq uyd m˙udKfha
;lafiare lsˉulao wdrïN lrkq ,eî h'
tfy;a nyq wdxYsl ;lafiarejla is≥ jQfha
ke;' Bgo wu;rj f;dr;=re iïnkaOfhka
o ixfõ†;d meje;sK' fjfiiskau
foaYmd,kuh jYfhka ixfõoS kef.kysr
fjr<g wod< f;dr;=re iy hqO yuqod
wdOdr we;sj l%shd;aul l< wdrïNl
fufyjrhkays° m%fõYh w;sYfhka
≥IalrjQ ngysr fjr<nv m%foaYj,g
iykdOdr .=jkska fy<Su i|yd fhdod.;a
fy,sfldmagr® hdkdj, isg ta lghq;=
fufyhejQ udkjohdjd° fndfyda l%shdldrSka
úiska /ia lr .kakd ,o f;dr;=re
;lafiare lsˉu ixfõ° ldr®hfhla úh'
ta ksid m%Yakh jkafka f;dr;=re ysÛ;dj
fkdj m,d; mqrd ckhd uqyqK ≥ka
;;a;ajhka ms<sn| iúia;rd;aul" úúO
wxYj,g wod< f;dr;=rej, ysÛluh'
úúO ;rd;srfï ;lafiare jdr®;d
udkjohdjd° lghq;= iïnkaëlrK
ldr®Hd,fha udkjohdjd° f;dr;=re
uOHia:dkh1 fj; ldkakq jQ w;r
mdúÉÑhg iq≥iq wdldrhlg f.dkqfldg
tajd úúO ixúOdk fj; ksl=;a lsˉug ta
ldr®hd,h yels by,u whq˙ka lghq;=
lf<ah' tfy;a wr®nqoh we;sù i;s
lsysmhla hk;=re;a ;u rg ;=<u
wj;ekajQjka isák ia:dk" Tjqkaf.a
;;a;ajh yd Tjqkaf.a wjyH;d wd°
jYfhka iïmQr®K Ñ;%hla wdOdr wdh;k
fj; ,efnkakg mgka .;af;a ke;'
flfiajqjo" y˙hdldr f;dr;=re ke;slu
mfil oud meje;s f;dr;=re wkqj laIKsl
m%;spdr olajñka irïm yd fld,rd
wd†fhka we;s úh yels y†is urK
j<lajd.kakg hqksfi*a yd wfkl=;a
ksfhda‚;dh;k lghq;= lf<ah'
msúiSug ;snQ iudc ndOl
wj;ekajQjkaf.ka úYd, ms˙ila i;aldrl
mjq,aj, irK me;+ w;r Tjqka or®Ylh
fkdùu Tjqka fj; ,Ûdùu i|yd wNsfhda.
hla úh' fï whf.ka nyq;r fldgilg
i!cq y†is wdOdr wjYH kqjqjo <uhska
h<s mdi,a heùu" udkisl iydh" iy
wj;ekajQ <uhska yd kEoEhska kej; tl;=
lsˉu i|yd tlsfkld fidhd.ekSfï
jevigyka wdoß Woõ Tjqkg wjYH úh' ta
muKla fkdj l,ahdfï° i;aldrl mjq,a
fndfyduhlgu irKd.;hka w;sfr®l
nrla njg m;aúh'
UNICEF/HQ050143/Jim Holmes
wdxYsl uQ,sl f;dr;=re tla ?ia ler
.ekSu msKsi uQ,sl f;dr;=re ms<sn| ir,
m;s%ldjla ilia lsˉug wdrñNl m%h;akhla
orkq ,eîh' flfia fj;;a" f;dr;=re ?ia
lsˉfï" fñ WodiSk wdldrfhys wkfmaCIs;
wk;=re fndafyda úh' f;dr;=re tla ?ia
lsˉfï" m%uql;ajh w;ska ;=kafjks fyda
y;rfjks fyda ldr®hhka f,iska fndafydaúg
ie,l+mqoa.,hka úiska iemehqKq f;dr;=re
flfrys úYajdih ;nd ls%hd lrkakg is≥
jqj;a" ta f;dr;=rej,ska kshu ;;ajh
wkdjrKh jQfha ke;'
wka;r®cd;sl m%cdj fï ck;dj fj;
<.Zdùfï hï m%.;shla w;alr .;a kuq≥
bka≥kSishdkq wdKavqj wj;ekajQjka /£
isák i;aldrl mjq,aj,g uqo,a wdOdr
iemhSu u.ska w¨;a úie≥ula imhñka
m%Odk;ajh .;af;ah' uqo,a wdOdr imhk
,oafoa mqoa., ixLHdj mdol lr f.k
jk w;r wj;ekajQjka m%dfoaYSh
udkjohdjd° m%cd uOHia:dkfha ,shdm†xÑ
úh hq;= úh' fufia fï i|yd ,shdm†xÑ
ùfuka Tjqkg wks;a wdOdr jevigykaj,
Woõ ,eîu i|yd o th Wmfhda.S úh'
th m%Yakfha uÜgu ms<sn| f;dr;=re
tl;=lr .ekSugo yels uÛla jQ w;r
wj;ekajQ oyia ixLHd; mqoa.,hka yd
mjq,a fj; iyk ie,eiSu i|yd m%cd
odhl;ajh †˙.ekaùug o th m%fhdackj;a
úh' wka;sfï° i!cqj u wdOdr°fï
m%fhdackj;a hdka;%Khla o m,df;a
wdr®:slhg b;d jeo.;a uqo,a .,d tau o
hk ldrKd folu fï jevigykska
iemehsk'
yqol,d jqKq yd foudmshkaf.ka fjkajQ
orejka fj; <Ûd jkafka flfiao hk
iqúfYaIS m%Yakh hqksfi*a wdh;khg we;s
úh' wfÉ m%dka;fha hqksfi*a wdh;kh
l<hq;= jQ fufyjr w;r m%Odk tlla
jQfha yqfol,d jQ yd foudmshkaf.ka fjka
jqKq <uhska ,shdm†xÑ lsˉu" Tjqkaf.a
foudmshka fidhd .ekSu yd yels yeu
úgu mjq,a h<s tlg tl;= lsˉuh' tfy;a
fï ldKavdhu <Ûdùug iqúfYaIS jYfhka
wmyiq ms˙ila jQfha foudmshkaf.ka fjka
jqKq orejkaf.ka nyq;rhla fjk;a mjq,a
úiska yodjvd .ekSug f.k ;=nqKq fyhsks'
wfkl=;a y†is lreKq iu. ii|k úg
wj;ekajQ orejka olakg ke;s ;rï úh'
wka l=uk jhiaj, whg;a jvd fÄockl
ixLHdjla iqkdñfhka ñh .sfha orejka
jk w;r b;s˙j we;s l=uk fyda <uhska
;u mjq,aj,g tl;= lr .ekSug ;snqfKa
n,j;a jqjukdjls' {d;Ska ;=< fkdikqiqka
nj;a ;=nQ w;r orejka y≥kajd°ug o
ue,slula ±lajQfha Tjqka ;uka fj;ska
bj;a lr f.k hkq we;e’hs ìh jQ
fyhsks' orelug yod jvd .ekSu jeo.;a
wdOdr hdka;%Khla f,i hqksfi*a
ixúOdkh úiska i,lkq ,nk w;ru mjq,a
h<s tlg tl;= lsˉug we;s wjia:d by,
kexùu i|yd;a" lemlre fyj;a i;aldrl
mjq,aj,g fï orejka ksid ±ˉug is≥j
we;s w;sfr®l nr ieye,aÆ lefrk jev
igykaj,g iïnkaOùu i|yd;a Tjqka
,shdm†xÑ lsˉu w;sYhska jeo.;ah'
foaYSh rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk cd,hla we;s
lrñka hqksfi*A ixúOdkh m%foaYfha
ck;dj iu. iïnkaO;d yd WmfoaYk
i|yd jk m%n, jHdmdrhla f.k .sfhah'
m%cd iïnkaO;d jevigyka hgf;a
<uhskaf.a i;=g we;s lrk bvlv iys;
ia:dk yd ,shdm†xÑ lsˉfï uOHia:dk
msysgqùfï jevigyka i|yd m%dfoaYSh
ksfhda‚;dh;kj,g hqksfi*a iydh
≥kafkah' foaYSh rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk"
m%cdj úiska jvd;a ms,s.kq ,efnk yd
úYajdi lefrk w;r m%cd wdlD;shg yd
m%dfoaYSh ±kSu fj; iómùu fjkqfjka
Tjqka iu. l|jqre ;=< taldnoaO ùugo
ta ixúOdk leue;sh' fï idr®:l;ajh
tfiajqjo" l|jqre ;=< taldnoaOùug o ta
ixúOdk leue;sh' fï idr®:l;ajh
tfiajjqjo" l|jqre ;=< h<s w¨;a jQ m%cd
wdlD;Ska iuÛ iDcqj jev lsrSfuka yd
y≥kd.ekSï we;s lr .ekSu u.ska yd
m%dfoaYSh uqia,sï m,a,s o we;=:Zj wd.ñl
wdh;k cd,hka iu. iyfhda.S;dj
f.dvkÛd .ekSu u.ska o fõ,dikskau
<uhska jeä ms˙ila fj; <Ûd jkakg bv
;sìKs'
bf.k.;a mdvï
wkd.; y†is wjia:djl l%shd lsˉug we;s
ndOl ch .; yels udr®. wfÉ m%dka;
w;a±lSï u.ska fhdackd lefr®' fN!;sluh
ndOl iïnkaOfhka m%Odk mdvï y;rla
fmfka'
1' M,odhs m%;spdrhla i|yd yuqod foam<
fhdod .ekSu ;SrKd;aul jk w;ru
m%dfoaYSh m%jdyk iïm;a Wmfhda.Slr
.ekSug yd tajd Yla;su;a lsˉug
FMR iqkdñ - bka≥kSishdj
m%h;ak ±˙h hq;=h' fï u.ska m%foaYfha
ck;djf.a ±kqu u; hkaf;%damlrK
iydh jr®Okh lsˉug;a" yuqod
iSudnkaOk blaujd hñka ckdjdi kej;
f.dvke.SZug;a yels fõ'
2' yels yeuúgu r;= l=rei $ r;= i|
fyda wka fyda mj;akd m%cd wdlD;Ska
fhdod .kSñka yels blauKska
fnodyeˉï moaO;shla m%dfoaYshj ia:dms;
l< hq;=h' iykdOdr wka u.lg
hdug we;s bvlv iSud lrk w;ru
ms<s.;a udkjohdjd° m%;sm;a;s wkqj
tajd idOdrK f,i fnod yeˉu
iy;sl lsˉug fuh Woõ jkq we;'
3' Wmdhsl f;dr;=re iy udkjohdjd°
wjYH;d u; mokïfjñka ishΩu
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjka yg ie<ls,s
yd wdOdr tl yd iudkj ,nd†h hq;=h'
iqkdñfhka miq wfÉ m%dka;fha wNHka;rslj wj;ekajQjka fj; msúiSu 21
■
■
■
4' úkdY jQ há;, myiqlï kej;
b†lsˉfï° ;SrKd;aaul b†lsˉï
iajdNdúl n,fõ.j, m%ydr wju úh
yels m%foaYj, is≥lsˉug W;aidy l<
hq;=h'
■
f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSug we;s ndOd ms<sn|
w;a±lSï o mdvï .Kkdjla b†˙m;a
lrhs(
UNICEF/HQ050320/Josh Estey
■ fmr kqjQúrE ;rfï foaYSh yd
wka;r®cd;sl rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk
ixLHdjla ^hqksfi*a iu. iïnkaO
wdh;k 400la muK ;sìK& meje;s
y†is wjia:dfõ tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
udkqIsl f;dr;=re uOHia:dkh
f;dr;=re f.dkq lsˉu" úYaf,aIKh
lsˉu yd fnod yeˉu ms<sn|j
;SrKd;aul úh( udkjohdjd°
f;dr;=re uOHia:dkhla msysgqùu y†is
■
wjia:djl† yeu úgu m%uqL;djkaf.ka
tlla úh hq;=h'
iuyr wvqmdvq ;snqKo úúO wx.j,
l%shdldˉ lKavdhï Tiafia f;dr;=re
yqjudre lr .ekSu idudkHfhka
hym;a úh'
udkjohdjd° lghq;= iïnkaëlrKh
ms<sn| tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ldr®hd,h
u.ska ,nd° ;snqKq §.af,dan,a
fmdisIkska isiagï¶ fyj;a ;uka isák
;ek ±l .; yels wf;a f.k hk
WmlrKh wE; fmfoiaj, myiqfjka
±l .; fkdyels wj;ekajQjka isák
ia:dk i,l=Kqlr .ekSug;a miqj Tjqka
fj; wj;Sr®K ùug;a fnfyúka
;SrKd;aul úh' fï WmlrK wkd.;
y†is wjia:dj,†;a ,nd°ug
udkjohdjd° lghq;= iïnkaOlrK
ldr®hd,h iy;sl úh hq;=h'
wfÉ fj; we° wd fndfyda iafjÉPd
fiajlfhda f;dr;=re tla /ialsrßug
ish weia yd lKa b;d ;SrKd;aul
f,i Ndú;d l<y' fï idïm%odhS
fkdjk m%jD;a;s ,nd .ekSfï l%uh
yels;d;a m%fhdackhg .kakd w;ru ta
i|yd wdOdr wkqnk o †h hq;=h'
;lafiare lsˉï i|yd kshudkql+, l%u
fhdod .ekSfuka je<elsh hq;=h(
m%;spdr ±laùu i|yd uQ,sl mokula
f.dvk.d .kq msKsi uq,a †k lsysmh
we;=<; yels yeu úgu úúO
ksfhda‚;dh;k yd úúO wxYj,
tldnoaO udkjohdjd°
;lafiarelsˉïj,g m%uqL;ajh †h
hq;=h'
udkjohdjd° wruqKq fjkqfjka yuqod
iïm;a mdúÉÑ lrk úg" udkjohdjd°
;;a;ajka ms<sn| yuqodj i;= jeo.;a
f;dr;=re n,d .ekSu iy;sl lsˉu
msKsi;a" ;lafiare lghq;= fjkqfjka
yuqodfõ iïm;a Wmfhda.S lr .ekSug
yels jkq msKsi;a uq,a †k lsysmh
we;=<;£u isú,a-yuqod iïnkaëlrK
uOHia:dkhka ia:dms; lsˉu w;HjYHh'
flfiafj;;a" iuyr úg jvd jeo.;a
f,i wfÉ m%;spdrhka meye†,s lf<a
wdOdr lKavdhï tys isàu wka lsisjlska
ms˙ueish fkdyels njhs' yels blauKska
lafIa;% ldr®hd, jvd;a ÿr neyer
fmfoiaj, msysgqjd m<mqre≥ ldr®h
uKav, m;a lsˉfuka m%;spdrj, ±jeka;
.=Kd;aul fjkila we;s l< yelsh'
ksis fõ,djg idOdrK f,i udkjohdjd°
wdOdr ,nd°u iy;sl lsˉfï udkqIsh
m%cdfõ W;aidyfha oS wj;ekajQjka iïnkaO
y†is wjia:d jeä jeäfhka we;s jk úg
iy y†is wjia:d i|yd m%;spdr ±laùï
jvd;a jD;a;Suh jk úg wmf.a iduqysl
w;aoelSï jr®Okh fõ' fï w;a±lSï
Tiafia hñka bf.k .;a mdvïo
iïnkaOlr .ksñka wkd.; wr®nqoj,g
wmf.a m%;spdr jvd;a Yla;su;a lr .;
yelsh'
laf,daähd yâiafm;a ^ffjµ jD;a;slhl=
fukau irKd.; wOHhk uOHia:dkfha
WmdêOdˉ& hqksfi*a y†is fufyhqï
wdh;kfha y†is wjia:d ms<sn| m%;spdr
lKavdhfï iïnkaëlrK ks,Od˙kshls'
jHikfhka miq ;=ka uil ld,hla weh
ksfhda‚;dh;kfha wfÉ Wm ldr®hd,fha
m%Odkshd jQjdh' jsoHq;a ;emE,(
chudspeth@unicef.org fï ,smsh weh
fm!oa.,sl uÜgfuka ,shk ,oaola ñi
hqksfi*a woyia ms<sìUq lrkakla fkdfõ'
1. www.humanitarianinfo.org/sumatra
UNICEF ixúOddkfha
iydh ,nk <ud
uOHia:dkhla
wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekajQjkaf.a
l|jqrls nkavd wfÉ"
bka¥kSishdj
22
FMR iqkdñ - bka≥kSishdj
ne/lal;=,g iSudjQ wfÉ m%dka;fha
wNHka;rsl wj;ekajQfjda
iqkdñfhka miq wfÉ m%dka;h cd;Hka;r m%cdjg újD; ùu;a iu.u
wfÉ cd;slhka yg cSú;h ms<sn| hïlsis n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla ;nd
.ekSug mq:j
Z ka úh' tfiajj
q ;a mqkre;a:dmk iy kej; b†lsˉï ms<n
s |
ie,iqï l%shd;aulj;a u foaYSh wjYH;d iïnkaOfhka rch úiska
olajk wixfõ°;djh ksid iduh iy ixjr®Okh ms<n
s | n,dfmdfrd;a;=
ì| jefgñka mj;S'
j
Hikhg fmr ksoyia wfÉ
jHdmdrhg (GAM) tfrysj
bka≥kSishdkq yuqodj úiska †h;a
lr ;snQ .˙,a,d úfrdaë fufyhqï ksid
fndfyda wfÉjdiSka „j;ajQfha wiSre
;;a;ajhka uOHfhah' irKd.;hska kej;
m†xÑlsˉfï (relokasi pengungsi) rcfha
jevigyk úiska o idudkH ;;a;ajhlg
kej; m˙jr®;kh ùug iy OrKsh
„jfkdamdhhka f.dvk.d .ekSug Tjqka ;snQ
n,dfmdfrd;a;= iqka lr we;' fï by, isg
my,g l%shd;aul jk ie,iqfuka
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjka CIKsl
l|jqrej,ska msg;g f.k ;djld,sl
ne/lal fj; fhduq flfr®' kuq;a l<
hq;=j ;snqfka iqkdñfhka wj;ekajQjka b,a,d
isá m˙† mqkre;a:dmkh iy ia:sr ksjdi
b†lsˉu i|yd wjOdkh fhduq lsˉuhs'
cd;Hka;r m%ñ;shg wkqj idod we;e’hs
lshk fuu ógr® 30 †.e;s ne/lal ú≥,sh
iy c, iemhqfuka iukaú;h' fuu iEu
ne/lalhlau mjq,a i|yd jr®. ógr® 10
ne.ska iemhsh we;s ldur fod<ylskao
fmd≥ l=iaishlskao kdkldur follskao
/iaùï meje;aùug je≥ï ms≥ï lsˉug
mdGud,d meje;aùug i≥iq Yd,djlskao
iukaú;h' rch úiska wNHka;˙l
wj;ekajQjka 140"000la fuu ne/lalj,ska
bj;a lsˉug;a Tjqka iEuflfkl=gu remshd
90"000 ^fvd,r® 9& m%Odkhla oSug;a
lghq;= ie,iqï lr we;' fuu ne/lalj,
„j;ajk mqoa.,hkayg wdydr i|yd
jevlsˉfï jHdmD;sj, jevlsˉu yereKq
úg fjk;a „j;aùfï l%uhla ke;s ksid
fudjqka rch u; uq:Zukskau hefmkakg
mgka f.k we;'
wNHka;˙l wj;ekajQjkag iafjd;aidyfhka
kej; ;u f.j,a fodrj,a f.dvk.d
.ekSug fyda noaog ,nd.ekSug Yla;shla
fkdue;sùu ksid Tjqkg fuu rcfhka
l%shd;aul lrk kej; m†xÑlsˉfï
ie,eiauj,g (relokasi pengungsi)
wjk;jkakg is≥úh' fuu kej;
m†xÑlsˉfï ie,eiaug cd;Hka;r udkj
iqNidOk ixúOdkj, iyfhda.h ,enqko
thska wj;ekajQjka yg iykhla jkafka
ke;' bka≥kSishdkq wdKavqj;a tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a ix.uh;a rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk
rdYshl=;a fuu kej; m†xÑlsˉfï m%foaY
ms<sn| iS.% ;lafiare lsˉug tlrdYS jQ
w;r wdKavqfõ iajNdúl wdmod iy
iykdOdr i|yd jk cd;sl iïnJëlrK
tackaish;a (Bakornas) udkjohdjd° lghq;=
iïnJëlrKh lsˉfï tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
ldr®hd,h;a (OCHA) taldnoaO fjñka
kej; m†xÑlrùfï iïnJëlrK tallh1
iïnJëlrKh lrk ,†'
úpdrlhka mjikafka wfÉ m%dka;h ;=,
is≥lrk fuu kej; m†xÑlsˉï 1980 °
†h;a l, mdr ixl%uKsl jHdmD;s iy hqo
kS;sh m%ldY lsˉfuka wk;=rej 2003
uehsj, wfÉ .ïjeishka n,y;aldrfhka
kej; m†xÑlsˉï jeks jHdmdrj, ,CIK
fndfyda≥rg olakg ,efnk njhs' wfÉj,
.egqï ksid wj;ekajQ jeishka l|jqre ;=<
;nd.ekSu;a iuyr wjia:dj,° Tjqkaf.a
.uka ìuka hEfï whs;sh iSudlsˉu;a
tf,iu Tjqkaf.a uQ,sl whs;sjdislï
nrm;, f,i W,a,x>kh lsˉu;a
iïnkaOfhka m<jQ bka≥ksishdkq yuqod
jdr®;d flfrys Human Rights Watch kï
udkj whs;sh ms<sn| lghq;= lrk
ixúOdkh úiska fhduq lr we;' iudc
iqnidOkh ms<sn| wud;Hjrhd mjikafka
yuqod wkque;sh ,enqKq miq fuu ne/lal
f;dardf.k we;s njhs' fuu ne/lal ;=<
yd msg; .uka ìuka hEfï whs;sh
l%shd;aul jk wdldrh ms<sn|j wka whg
lsis ±kqula ke;' ne/lal jfÜg lgqlïì
jegj,a ke;sjQj;a ksoyia wfÉ jHdmdrh
iu. irKd.;hska iïnkaOlï meje;aùu
kej;aùu i|yd uqr ixpdr lsˉug bv
we;'
ne/lalj, isákakkaf.a wia:sr
wkd.;h
wjqre≥ folla jeks °r®> ld,hla ;=< fuu
ne/lalj, n,y;aldrfhka mqoa.,hka
„j;a lrùfuka jk udkisl n,mEu
ms<sn| we.ehSula lsˉug lsis W;aidyhla
f.k fkdue;' úYd, lKavdhula f,i
„j;aùu wfÉj, ≥r®,N or®Ykhls'
l=vd uqia,sï m,a,shla flaJøfldg l=vd
lKavdhï f,i „j;aùug Tjqka leu;sh'
.%dóh m%foaYj, fuu l=vd uqia,sï m,a,s
(meunasah) m%cdj ms<sn| tys idud‚lFjh
ms<sn| yeÛSï we;s lrk w;r th hd{d
lsˉug /iaùï meje;aùug iy iqyo
idlÉPd meje;aùug flaJøSh ia:dkhla
fõ' wfÉj, ;sfnk fndfyda .ïudk fï
l=vd uqia,sï m,a,sj, kïj,skau ye¢kafõ'
WodyrKhla f,i Meunasah Jiem,
Meunasah Tuha iy Meunasah Blang
oelaaúh yel' flfkl= hï l=vd uqia,sï
m,a,shl idud‚lfhl= jkafka kï Tyq
tlsfkld /ln,d .ekSu iy msgia;˙ka
tk Wj≥rej, ° wdrCId iemhSu j.lSula
f,i ndr.; hq;=fõ' fïksid fndfyda
Ælauka wf.a
.%dóh wfÉ m†xÑlrejkag wuq;a;ka iu.
ne/lalj, „j;aùu b;d wNsfhda.ldˉ
lghq;a;la ù ;sfí' fuu ne/lal ;=<
fm!oa.,sl;ajhlg wjia:djla ke;s ksid
jdoújdo iy ,sx.sl w;jr we;sùug
fndfyda≥rg bv we;'
iqkdñhfka „ú;,jd.;a mqoa.,fhda ;u
.ïj,ska bj;aù kej; m†xÑh i|yd
fjk;a ia:dkhlg hEfuka ;ukaf.a bvï
lvï wysñ fõh hk ìfhka fmf<;s'
fndfyda fokdf.a bvïj, udhsï ms<sn|
úia;r we;s ffk;sl iy;sl uqyqog
.idf.k hEfuka ke;sù we;' úáka úg
;u bvïj,g fkd.shfyd;a fjk;a wh
úiska tjd n,y;aldrfhka whs;slr .kS
hk ìfhka fndfyda .ïjeisfhda fmf<;s'
bka≥kSishdj ;=< ¥IK iy wl%ñl;d uq,a
neif.k we;' wdydr iy fN!;sl wdOdr
fok njg fmdfrdka≥ ù ;snqko tajd tf,i
is≥fkdjk fyhska wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekajQfjda lkiai,a,g m;a ù isá;s'
remshd 150"000 udisl °ukdjla fok njg
fmdfrdka≥ jQj;a ±ka ta fjkqjg tu
w.hgu jákd NdKav ,nd.kakd fuka
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjkag n, lrk
njg jdr®;d we;' ne/lal
fldka;%d;alrejka f;dard .ekSfï° újD;
fgkavr® m%;sm;a;shla wkq.ukh lr
fkdue;s w;r iuyr wjia:dj,°
fkdmej;S ne/lal i|yd uq,H m%;smdok o
,ndf.k ;sfí' ¥IK úfrdaê rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdk iy wfÉ i|yd ¥IKfhka f;dr
iduh (Aceh Damai Tanpa Korupsi –
ADTK) kï ixúOdkh fmkajd fokafka
ne/lal lSmhlau ie,iqï l< o tajd
m%udKhg jvd l=vd nj;a tajd wjldYh
ms<sn| wju m%ñ;shlg jvd wvq nj;ah'
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQ m%cdjka iqkdñfhka
†ú .,jd.;a wh f,i fkdj wirKjQjka
f,i is;d †.ska †.gu wdOdr
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jqjfyd;a Tjqka ne/lalj,u
†.gu kej; m†xÑ lrjkq we;' fuh
iqkdñ jHikhg miqj wfÉ m,d;
m%;sixjr®Okh lsˉug fndfyda wfÉjrekag
we;s wfmaCIdjg mgyeks jk w;r th
wjdikdjls' udkjohdjd† iy kej;
f.dvke.Su l%shdj,sh fj; olajk wdl,am
.ek mq:Z,a ióCIKhla ixl%uKh ms<sn|
cd;Hka;r ixúOdkh iy USAID
wdh;kh wdrïN lr ;sfí'3 tu ióCIKh
u.ska wkdjrKh jQ m%Odk lreK kï
iqkdñ jHikfhka n,mEï ,enQ
jeäfofkl=f.a m%Odk leue;a; jkafka
;ukaf.a ksjdij,g wdmiq m†xÑhg
hEug;a kej;;a ;uka l,ska l, /lshdj
mgka .ekSug;a Tjqkaf.a m%cdjka
m%;sia:dmkh lsˉug;ah' bvï iy foam,
ms<sn| kvq yn iïnJOfhka fyd| ±kSula
fmkakqï lrñka wNHka;˙l wj;ekajQjka
mjikafka Tjqka ia:sr kej; m†xÑhlg
leue;s jkafka ;uka m†xÑ jk bvfï iy
FMR iqkdñ - bka≥kSishdj
ksjdifha ffk;sl whs;shla ;ukayg ,nd
fokjdkï muKs hkakhs' fndfyda
wj;ekajQjka ;uka l,ska úiQ .ïj,g
ióm ia:dkj, kej; ia:sr fyda
;djld,slj kj mosxÑhg leu;a; m<
lf<dah' Tjqyq ne/lalj, „j;aùug
;†kau wlue;a; m< l<y' iajYla;sfhka
lghq;= lrk wh jYfhka wfÉjreka
fndfyda iqm%isoaOh' m%;spdrlhka jeä
fofkl= mejiqfõ ;uka yg ,nd.ekSug
wjYH jkafka isfuka;s iy ,S jeks
f.dvke.Sug iq≥iq øjH njhs' fudjqka jeä
jYfhka ;u „jfkdamdh i|yd Woõ
b,a¨ï l< w;r iïuqL idlÉPdj,g
iyNd.Sjqjkaf.ka 4% lau mejiqfõ Tjqka
yg lsisu wdldrhl wdOdrhla ;u
kej; fjk;a ia:dkj, mosxÑlsˉfï
ie,iqï j,g mjq,a ;on, úfrdaOh mEy'
„jfkdamdh kej; lrf.k hdu i|yd
fkd,enqKq njhs'
Fritz Institute
mdrïm˙lj ëjr lr®udka;fha kshe,S isá
mjq,a fuu kj m†xÑlsˉfï jevms<sfj,g
;†ka úreoaO;ajh ±lajQ w;r Tjqka ;u
.ïj,ska bj;a ùug wlue;s úh' ëjr
m%cdfõ ksfhd‚;fhda wfkla wh;a iu.
tl;=ù m%isoaO /iaùïj,° ;u bvïj,ska
bj;a ùug lsisfia;a wlue;s nj m%ldY
l,y' rdcH ksfhda. fuf;la b;d hgy;a
my;aj ms,s.;a iudchl fujeks úfrdaO;d
ne/lal;=,g iSudjQ wfÉ m%dka;fha wNHka;rsl wj;ekajQfjda
óg fmr fkdjQ úrE úh' kuq;a fuf;la
;u .ïj,ska bj;a fkdjk whg lsisu
wdOdrhla fkdfok njg ;†ka m%ldY
lr isák rch iy hqo yuqodj b†rsfha
fuf,i †.ska †.gu úfrdaOh ±laùu;a
t;rï f,fyis jkafka ke;'
wdKavqfõ m%;sm;a;sh Wv isg my,g
l%shd;aul jk iy b,lal flaJø lr.;a
tfuka iyNd.s;ajhla fkdue;s tlls' fuu
kej; m†xÑlsˉfï jevigyka Ndrj isák
wh my; i|yka lreKq ie,ls,a,g .;
hq;=h(
■ ne/lal ia:dms; lsˉfï° tajd
fndfyda≥rg uq,a .ïudkj,g iómj
iy /lshd wjia:dj,g myiq jk m˙†
lsˉu
■ n/lal f.dvke.Sfï° iy
l,ukdlrKfha° jvd újD; l%shd
ms<sfj;a wkq.ukh lsˉu
■ yels;d;a blauKska wj;ekajQjka
;u uq,a .ïudkj,g hEug ;sfnk
leue;a; idOdrK wjYH;djla f,i
ie,lSu'
■ wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjka kej;
m†xÑlsˉfuys,d kshdul m%;sm;a;sh
jkafka wj;ekajQjka mQr®K f,i
wjfndaOhlska hq;=j kej; m†xÑh
i|yd leue;a; m< lsˉfuka wk;=rej
th ms<s.ekSu'
■ mj;sk iudc tallj, tald.%;djh
iq/lSug jeä jeäfhka lghq;= lsˉu'
23
■ uQ,sl fiajdjka iy há;, idudkH
;;a;ajhg m;alsˉfï° iy kej; ;u
f.j,a fodrj,a lrd hEug myiqlï
iemhSfï°;a m%isoaO lrk ,o hï lsis
ie,eiaulg wkqj th lsˉu'
■ iqkdñfhka mjq,a jHqy ;=< we;s lr
;sfnk fjkialï ie,ls,a,g .kakdjQ
mq:Z,a „jfkdamdh wdOdr lghq;=j,g
iyfhda.h ±laùu'
■ wkd.; iajNdúl wdmod ms<sn|
±k.ekSug mqoa.,hska ;=< we;s
WkJ≥j i|yd mq:Z,a f;dr;=re iy
wOHdmk fiajd ,nd°u" m%foaYhg
iqúfYIS jHik i|yd iQodkï ùfïoS
iy l,ukdlrKh i|yd l%fudamdhsl
ie,iqï iïmdokh lsˉfï° kej;
m†xÑlrk ,o m%cdjka iyNd.s lr
.; hq;=h'
Ælauka wf.a fmkEka.a ys msysá fiakaia
uef,aishd iriúfha (www.seacsn.net/
regional) mr®fhaIK iy wOHdmk tallfha
wfÉ jevigyfka iïnJëldrljrhdh' Tyq
nkavd wfÉ m%foaYfha msysá wfÉ
wdh;kfha mr®fhaIlfhl=o fõ( www.
acehinstitute.org úoHq;a ;emE,( zitkalasa
2000@yahoo.com
1.www.humanitarianinfo.org/sumatra/assessments/doc/
GoI_UN-joint_assessment_report_on_relocation_sites.doc
2.http://hrw.org/english/docs/2005/02/07/indone10134.htm
3 .www.iom.int/tsunami/documents/indonesia_needs_
assessment.pdf
nkavd wfÉ
24
FMR iqkdñ - bka≥kSishdj
m%ckk fi!LH wdrCIKh ;=, wju m%ñ;Ska
iy;sl lsrSu
iekav%d l%jqia
j;ekajQ ldka;dfjda iy .eyeKq <uhs
oreKq .Kfha fi!LH ;r®ckj,g
uqyqK fokakdy' ,sx.sl m%pKav;ajh"
HIV/AID we;=:Zj fjk;a ,sx.sl jYfhka
fndajk wdidok" wkjYH iy fndfyda
fihska wk;=reodhl ore.eí" wkdrCIs;
.íid wd†h tlS fi!LH ;r®ck f,i
ie,fla' .r®NkS ia;%Ska 150"000g jvd jeä
m%udKhla iqkdñ wdmodjg ,lajQ njg
.Kka n,d ;sfí' Tjqkaf.ka ishhg
myf,djlg .r®NkSNdjh iy m%iQ;sh
iïnkaOfhka fuf;la w;a fkdúkao
ixlSr®K;dj,g uqyqK fokakg is≥jkq
we;e’hs n,dfmdfrd;a;=jkq ,efí' tneúka
fuu .eíKs ujqjrekag y†is „ú;drCIl
fukau <ud frda. ms<sn| fi!LH wdrCIdjla
,nd°u w;HjYHh' ta i|yd iqkdñhg
f.d≥re fkdù l%shd;aul uÜgfï miqjk
fi!LH fiajlhska i;= ±kqu m%udKj;a
fkdjk w;r Tjqka i;= uQ,sl WmlrK yd
fjk;a iemhqï o fldfy;au m%udKj;a ke;'
ldka;djla ;u udi
yhla jhie';s
isÛs;s osh◊h
fjkqfjka
fuÜghla yd
we∫ï ,nd.kS'
bka≥kSishdj
óg oYlhlg muK fmr tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
wdh;kj,ska iukaú; wka;r®-wdh;k
ldr®hidOl lKavdhula fjk;a cd;Hka;r
ixúOdk iuÛ tl;=ù wju wdrïNl fiajd
meflachla (MISP)1 jr®Okh l<y' ,sx.sl
m%pKav;ajfha oreKq m%;sM, je<elaùfï tajd
l<udklrKh lsˉfï ksr;jk m%ckk
fi!LH l%Shdld˙;aaj yd fiajd l=,lhla
msysgqùu" HIV wdidokh me;srhdu wvq
lsˉu" kjiq;s yd ud;D frda. fukau urK
ixLHdj yels;dla wvq lsˉu" y†is ;;a;ajh
myj .sh úg m˙mQr®K m%ckk fi!LH
fiajdjla ,nd°ug ie,iqï lsˉu ta
meflachg we;=,;a úh'2
MISP l%shdldrlïj,° m%uqL;ajh ,enqfka
my; i|yka tajdgh(
■ MISP l%shd;aul lsˉfï° tys
iïnkaëlrKh mj;ajdf.k hdug iu;a
m%Odk wdh;k iy mqoa.,hka
y≥kd.ekSu'
■ y†is iykdOdr fnodyeˉu" c,h$
wdydr$ bkaOk$ fi!LH wdrCIKh
i|yd lghq;= iQodkï lsˉu jeks
iemhSfï yd fnodyeˉfï l%shdldrlï
j,° irKd.; ia;%Skaf.a iy .eyeKq
<uhskaf.a iyNd.s;ajh iy;sl lrk
hdka;%Khla ;=<ska ,sx.sl m%pKav;ajh
je,elaùu'
■ ,sx.sl m%pKav;ajhg f.d≥rejQjka i|yd
fi!LH wdrCIKh
■ wdidok me;srhdu je<elaùu" ms˙is≥ f,a
iemhqï ,nd°u" fldkavï myiqfjka
,nd.ekSu wd†h ms<sn|j ±kqu jr®Okh
lsˉu ;=<ska HIV wdidokh me;srhdu
j,lajd .ekSu'
■ kjiqq;s fukau ud;D urK yd .s,dk
wkqmd;slh yels;dla≥rg wvqlr .ekSu'
ujqjrekag iy m%ij iydhsldjkag
ms˙is≥ m%ij wdïmkak lÜg, ,nd°u"
fi!LH uOHia:dkj, fiajh lrk
úkakUq ud;djka i|yd tjeksu m%ij
wdïmkak lÜg, ,nd°u" <ore frda.
j,g y†isfhau m%;sldr lsˉug is≥jk
wjia:dj,° wdOdrl fiajd l%uhla
msysgqùu'
■ mQr®K m%ckk fi!LH fiajdj m%d:ñl
fi!LH wdrCIK fiajdj iu. noaO
lsˉu i|yd wjYH lrkakdjQ m˙irh
ie,eiqï lsˉu" ta i|yd md˙i˙l
m%ckk fi!LH o;a; tl;= lsˉu"
iemhqï wekjqï lsˉu" fiajd wvú
y≥kd.ekSu" mqyqKq jev igyka ie,iqï
fldg l%shd;aul lsˉu wd° l%shdldrlï
ixúOdkh l< hq;=h'
2005 wjqreoafoa fmnrjd˙ udifh° ldka;d
fldñiu u.ska wfÉ m%dka;fhaa m%ckk
fi!LH wdrCIKh ms<sn| ;lafiarejla
is≥lrk ,oafoah' iqkdñh .,d i;s folla
we;=<; tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
ck.yK wruqo, (UNFPA)
;dCIKsl ldr®huKav,hla fm<
.iajd Tjqkg iemhqï ,nd°
Tjqka m%ckk fi!LH lghq;=
w;HjYH jk ia:dkj,
fCI;%jev i|yd ksr;
lrjQfhah' tu ia:dkj,g
m%ckk fi!LH wdïmkak iy
iemehqï ,nd ≥kafkah'
fmnrjd˙ udifha wjidkh jk
úg cd;Hka;r" m%dfoaYSh" cd;sl
ixúOdkj,g wh;a idud‚lhka
35 fofkl=g jvd jeä ms˙ila
UNFPA u.ska ixúOdkh l<
m%ckk fi!LH l%shdldˉ
lKavdhï /iaùïj,g
iyNd.Sfjñka isáhy'
y†is ;;a;ajhla Wodùfuka miq
t,efUk uq,a ojia iy i;s
lSmh ;=, wjOdkh fhduq úh
hq;af;a m%cd idud‚lhka iy
úkakUq wïudjreka" iïm%odhsl
m%ij iydhsldjka ia;%S yd mqreI
m%cd kdhlhska jeks lKavdhï
tlg tl;= ù f;dr;=re
yqjudre lr.ekSuh' fï jkúg
UNFPA iy WHO ixúOdk
úiska ta jk úg m%ckkSh jhfia miqjk
ia;%Ska m%udKh" .eìKs ia;%Ska m%udKh"
udihla ;=, n,dfmdfrd;a;=jk ore Wm;a
m%udKh" <ore iy ud;D .s,ka fukau
urK m%udKh ms<sn| o;a; tl;=lsˉfï
jevigyka l%shd;aul fldg ;sìK' ia;%S
lKavdhï iu. mj;ajk ,o WmfoaYk
/iaùïj,° wj;eka jq ia;%Ska Wm;amd,k
WmlrK b,a,d isák njo wkdjrKh úh'
UNFPA wdh;kh cd;sl mjq,a ixúOdk
ix.uh iy fjk;a wdh;k iuÛ tl;=ù
Wm;amd,k WmlrK blauKskau f.kajd
f.k fnod y˙kakg iu;a úh'
flfiafj;;a" wfÉ m,df;a l%shd;aul jQ
UNFPA wdh;kfha iyldr lKavdhïj,g
wdmodjg ,lajQ ck;djg m%ckk fi!LH
fiajd iemhSfuys,d fudk;rï ´kElula
;snqk;a Tjqkg MISP jevigyfka m%Odk
wruqK iy m%uqL ldr®hhka ms<sn|
wjfndaOhla fkdùh' udkjohdjd° lghq;=j,
fh° isá ldr®huKav,fhka wvlg;a jvd
MISP jevigyk .ek wid ;snqk;a tys
wruqK iy m%uqL ldr®hhka ksjer†j úia;r
l< yelsjQfha w;f,diailg muKs'
MISP m%;smdokj, wvqmdvqlï
,sx.sl m%pKav;ajh b|ysg jdr®;d jqjo th
mq:Z,a f,i me;sr .sh .eg:Zjla yeáhg
.Kka .ekqfka ke;' ,sx.sl m%pKav;ajhg
f.d≥rejQ whg fi!LH wdrCIdj imhd
fokakg ;rï m%udKj;a ±kqula
udkjohdjd° l%shdldrlhskag yd wdKavqfõ
fiajlhskag ;snQ njlao fkdfmfka' iEu
cd;Hka;r tackaishlgu mdfya pr®hd
Emily Will/MCC/ACT International
yosis wjia:djla mek keÛ=Kq úg tys uq,a wjia:dj,oßu m%ckk fi!LH
wdrCIK úêúOdk fh°u „ú; /l.ekSfuys,d uQ,sl wjYH;djhla
nj ±ka fyd¢kau wjfndaO ù ;sfí' wfÉ m,df;a lrk ,o we.ehqul°
tu l%shdodufha ±kg mj;sk ≥r®j,;djhkao ta iïnkaOfhka Wiia
mqyqKqjla Wiia ±kqj;alula ,nd.ekSfï wjYH;djho wjOdrKh ù
;sfí'
FMR iqkdñ - bka≥kSishdj
moaO;shla ;snqko th W,a,x>Kh jQ úg ta
ms<sn|j jdr®;d l< hq;= hdka;%Khla o
;sfnk nj lsisu tackaishla ±k isáfha
ke;' tmuKla fkdj lsisu tackaishla tu
pr®hd moaO;sh foaYSh yjq,aldrhska iu.
fnodyodf.k ;snqfka o ke;' fkdokakd
wd.ka;=lhka iy ms˙ñka iu. ksjdi"
jeisls<s" kdk ;eka wd†h yjqf,a N=la;s
ú¢kakg is≥ùu .ek ldka;dfjda iy .eyeKq
<uhs iajlSh ±ä fkdi;=g m< fldg
;snqky' ,sx.sl m%pKav;ajh iïnkaOfhka
jdr®;d ù ;sfnkafka u| jYfhka nj
we;a;h' tfy;a ,sx.sl w;jrj,g
NdckhjQjka i|yd cd;sl yd cd;Hka;r
uÜgñka wkqu; ù ;sfnk idhksl pd˙;%
.ek fi!LH wud;HdxY ldr®huKav,h;a
wfkl=;a udkjohdjd° l%shdldˉkq;a lsisjla
±k fkdisàu nrm;, f,i wjOdkh fhduq
l< hq;= ldrKhls'
Emily Will/MCC/ACT International
wfÉ m,df;a fiajfha fh° isá 5500 la
;rï úkakUqjka w;=˙ka ishhg oyh
m%udKhla iqkdñhg yiqj ñh f.dia we;'
fï wvqmdvqj ms˙ueiSu i|yd cldr®;dfõ isá
úkakUqjka 120 muK wfÉ m,df;a fi!LH
uOHia:dkj, fiajh i|yd i;s fofla isg
;=k olajd ksjdvq ld, iys;j k;r lrjk
,oy' MISP jevigykg iydh ±laùu
i|yd" wdmodj we;sù i;s lSmhla we;=<;"
ms˙is≥ m%ij wdïmkak lÜg, úkakUq lÜg,
hkd†h fi!LH uHOia:dkj,g ,nd°u
i|yd cd;Hka;r wdh;kj,g tjkq ,eìK'
flfiafj;;a" idïm%odhsl m%ij iydhl
(TBA) lÜl, j, ysÛhla ;snqKs' iuyr
wjia:dj,° idïm%odhsl m%ij iydhl lÜg,
.eìKs ldka;djkag fyda m%ij iydhsldjkag
fyda tackais u.ska ìï uÜgñka fnod fkd≥ka
njo jdr®;d ù ;sfí' iqkdñhg fmrd;=j
jqjo jeä≥r wdrCIdj i|yd ksr®foaY lrk
,o frday,g ujqjreka f.khdfïoS y†is
<ud frda. je<elaùu i|yd wjYH uQ,sl
myiqlï ;snqfka b;du;a w,am jYfhka nj
m%cdmdol úkakUqfjda jdr®;d fldg ;snqky'
m%ckk fi!LH wdrCIKh ;=, wju whs;Ska iy;sl lsrSu
f;d. .Kkska fi!LH uOHia:dkj, tla/ia
lr ;eîfï w;HjYHNdjh .ek wjOdrKh
lr ;snqko wjYH lrk whg ,nd .ekSu
i|yd fi!LH uOHia:dkj, fldkavï
m%or®Ykh fldg ;snqfkao ke;' y˙ fõjd
jer† fõjd fndfyda wdh;k fldkavï iq,n
lsˉfï jevigykla l%shd;aul fkdlrk
,oafoa tjekakla bia,dóh ixialD;sh;aa
bka≥kSishdkq fi!LH n,Od˙kq;a fkdhsjikq
we;ehs l,amkd l< fyhsks' ta yefrkakg
iuyr wdh;kj,g fldkavï fnod°fï
jeo.;alu .ek wjfndaOhlao ;snqfka ke;'
tfy;a iuyr wdh;k tlS fhdackdjg
leue;a; ±lajQ w;r m<uq mshjr jYfhka
;u ldr®huKav,j,g tajd ,nd fokakg
leu;s úh'
iqkdñhg fmrd;=j" fi!LH fiajlhkaf.a
Ndú;dj ;=, uQ,sl fi!LH m%fõYu
iïnkaOfhka u;= ù ;snQ nrm;,
wvqmdvqlï fi!LH wud;HdxYfha yd f,dal
fi!LH ixúOdkfha ksfhda‚;hka j˙kajr
jdr®;d fldg ;sìK' úfYaIfhka tu
wvqmdvqlï olakg ,enqfka ms˙is≥ lsˉu"
HIV we;=:Zj wdidok me;srhdu je,elaùu
i|yd is≥ lrk úIîcdkqyrKh iy
frda.dyrKh hkd†h ;=,h' wdrCIl reêr
mdrú,hkh cd;sl m%;sm;a;shla jYfhka
wkq.ukh l< hq;= jqjo ish:Z reêrh
;shqKq mˉCIdjlg ,la lrkafkao hk
ielh mqoa.,hska .Kkdjlau fï jk úg
m< fldg we;af;ah'
ks.uK
fuu fidhd.ekSïj,ska lshefjkafka tla
m%Odk wdh;khl kdhl;ajh ,nk n,h
,;a m%ckk fi!LH uOHia:dk .Kkdjla
;sîfuka taldnoaO m%ckk fi!OH jevigyka
meje;aùug;a iemhqï lghq;= tl†.gu
lrf.k hdug;a myiqjk njhs' wfÉ
m,df;a l%shd;auljk udkjohdjd°
l%shdldrlfhda MISP m%;sm;a;s .ek;a
iemhqï lÜg, .ek;a ±ä Wkka≥jla
olaj;;a y†is ;;a;ajhla Wod jQ úg by<
hk frda.Ska yd urK ixLHdj j<lajd.kq
i|yd m%ckk fi!LH fiajdjg m%uqL;ajh
†h hq;= hehs ±kqï f;areï we;af;a
lSmfofkl=g muKs' flfiafj;;a
fidhd.ekSïj,ska wjOdrKh jkafka y†is
;;a;ajhka Wodjkakg fmrd;=j MISP .ek
udkjohdjd° l%shdldrlhska mqyqKqjla ,nd
;sîfï wjYH;djhhs' fï jkúg;a ia;%S
fldñiu ≥ria: wOHdmksl fudähq,hla
jr®Okh lsˉu wrnd we;s w;r th
f,dalfha nyq, jYfhka Ndú;d jk
NdIdj,g m˙jr®;kh lsˉug;a lghq;=
fhdod we;' th 2005 iema;eïnr® udifha
uq,a ld,fha° ,nd.; yel' (úoHq;a ;emE,(
info@womenscommission.org)
w:Zf;ka Wodjk y†is ;;a;ajhka ;=,°
Wmldr wjYH Woúhg MISP Wmldr ,nd
fok fuka ia;%S fldñiu wdKavqj,ska
wruqo,a m%odkj,ska udkjodhjd°
l%shdldrlhskaf.ka b,a,d isà' ia;%Ska ms<sn|
fldñifï fjí wvúh ;=,ska §y†is
wjia:djla u;=jQ úg m%ckk fi!LHh
iïnkaOfhka ±laúh hq;= m%uqL;d(
bka≥kSishdfõ iqkdñ wdm∞jg Ndckh jQ
m%foaYj, l%shd;aul l< wju wdrïNl
fiajd meflach ;lafiare lsˉu¶ kï jdr®;dj
,nd.; yelsh'3
iekav%d l%jqia ia;%S iy <ud irKd.;hska
ms<sn| fldñifï m%ckk fi!LH jevigyk
Ndr wOHCIj˙hhs' úoHq;a ;emE,(
sandra@womenscommission.org
1.www.womenscommission.org/projects/rh/misp%20index.
shtml
2. MISP jevigyk ±ka fïjdgo we;=,;a fldg we;(
Sphere Project Humanitarian Charter iy Minimum
Standards in Disaster Response : www.sphereproject.org
3.www.womenscommission.org/pdf/id_misp_eng.pdf
25
26
FMR iqkdñ - bka≥kSishdj
bka≥kSishdfõ udkjohdjdoS iïnJëlrKh(
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkhl u;h
ldiagka fjdA,aia
iïnJëlrKfha w.h ms<sn| ldrKd udkjohdjdoS m%cdj ±k isáh;a
iqkdñfhka miq udi lsysmhla ;=< ,o fCIa;% w;a±lSï Uiafia ;j;a
jevodhl mdvï lsysmhlau tu m%cdj b†˙m;a lrhs'
t
lai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska
fkdfhl=;a l%shdj,Ska iïnJëlrKh
lsˉug fnfyúka W;aidy lrk ,°'
kuq;a fï m%fõYh mokï ù ;snqfKa wjYH
m%udKfhka iïm;a fCIa;%hg iemhqjfyd;a
iïnkaëlrKh bfíu is≥fõh hk
Wml,amkh u;h' fï ;;a;ajh iQCIu
iïnJëlrKhlg u. mE≥fõ ke;' we;eï
uÜgïj,° wjYH m%udKhg jvd
iïnJëlrK ;snqKs' nkavd wdfÉ m%foaYfha
udkjohdjdoS iemhSï i|yd tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a ixúOdK wdh;k 12 g jeä
m%udKhla ;rÛ je° ;snqKq neúka
iïnkaëlrKh w;s WÉp ;;a;ajhkg m;ajQ
w;r nkavd wfÉys muKla i;shlg
iïnkaëlrK /iaùï 72 la mj;ajkq ,eîh'
fndfyda rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj,g fï
/iaùïj,ska w;f,diaila i|ydj;a
iyNd.sùug iïm;a i;=j fkd;snqKs' fï
ksid fïjdg iyNd.SjQfha wdh;k 10-40 ;a
w;r m%udKhla muKs' fuhska ksfhdackh
jQfha ta jk úg l%shd;aul ù ;snqKq
cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk 400 ka
b;d iq:Z kshe†hls' fndfyda iïnkaëlrK
/iaùï i|yd meye†<s wruqKq fkd;snqKq
w;r iyNd.SjQjkaf.a N+ñld j.lSï yd
;SrK .ekSfï m%fhdack meye†<s lr
.eksug tu ?iaùï wiu;a úh' fï
/iaùïj, mrudr®:h jqfha f;dr;=re fnod
.ekSu o tlÛ;d we;s lr .ekSuo
ke;skï fufyhqï fyda m%;sm;a;suh ;SrK
.ekSuo hkak meye†<s fkdùh' fndfyda úg
fcHIaG ks,Odˉka jeä ld,hla .; lf,a
iïnkaëlrKh i|yd ñi jevigyka
l%shd;aul lsˉu i|yd fkdfõ'
fï w;súYd, /iaùï m%udKh u.Zska fmkakqï
jkafka udkjohdjdos fCIa;%h ;=<
iqNidOkfha we;sfjñka mj;sk úfYaI{;d
m%jk;dj iy wmf.a flaJøSh rdcldˉ fj;
wjOdkh fhduq lsˉug we;s fkdyelshdjhs'
kej; f.dvke.Su iy uqo,a bmhSfï udr®.
i|yd m%;sm;a;s yd m%fõYhka ms<sn|j
idlÉPd lsˉug úYd, ld,hla jeh l,
kuq;a wdmodfjka udi follg miqj;a wfÉ
m,df;a mSvd ú¢ ckmo .Kkdjlgu uQ,sl
ikSmdrCIl myiqlï fkd;snqKs'
udkjohdjdoS m%cdj fnfyúka nkaOkh ù
;snqKq w;r we;eï jeo.;a jdoúIhhka
fndfyda ld,hla uq:Z,af,a wduka;%Kh fldg
fkd;snqKs'
iïnkaëlrK uÜgï úYd, m%udKhla
;sìK' tlai;a cd;Skaf.a kdhl;ajh hgf;a
l%shd;auljQ iïnkaëlrK lKavdhï tlu
jdoúIhhka ms<sn|j clr®;d" fuodka" nkavd
wfÉ yd fuhs,fnda hk m%foaYj,o
ls%hd;aul jQ w;r tajd tlsfkl w;r
ikaksfõokh is≥jQfha wju jYfhks' fuys
m%;sM,h jQfha yqfol,dj f.dvk.d.;a
nyqúO WmfoaYk ksr®kdhl iy m%ñ;Ska
Ndú;hg .ekSuh' we;eï tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
wdh;k iïnkaëlrKh yd l%shd;aul lsˉu
hk ldr®hhka foflau kshe,S isá w;r
tysoS fmkS .sfha bka≥kSishdkq rch iu.
meje;ajQ /iaùïj,° udkjohdjdoS m%cdfõ
iduqysl wjYH;d ksfhdackh lrkq fjkqjg
;u ;ukaf.a ixúOdkj, wjYH;djka
ms<sn|j wjOdkh fhduq l< njh' tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska udkjohdjdos
f;dr;=re uOHia:dkhla (HIC)1 ia:dmkh
l< w;r tys ldr®hNdrh jQfha udkj
iqNidOk wdh;kj,g jevigyka ms<sn|
ksis ;SrK .ekSu myiq lsˉu i|yd
f;dr;=re tl;= lsrSu yd fnod yeˉuh'
kuq;a i;s lsysmhlg miqjo fï uOHia:dkh
mQr®K jYfhka l%shd;aul fkdùh' tfukau"
m%:u wiSre i;s lSmfhka miqj th
m%fhdackj;a f;dr;=re iemhqjo ish:Zu
wjYH;d iemsˉu i|yd Bg wjYH iïm;a
fkd;snqKs' udkjohdjdoS fmd≥ fiajdjka jk
taldnoaO m%jdyk fiajd uOHia:dkh (Joint
Logistics Centre) yd udkj iqNidOk .=jka
fiajh (Humanitarian Air Service) hk
wdh;k iïnkaOfhka mej;s ;;a;ajho óg
iudkh'
yuqodfõ N+ñldj
úfoaY rdcHhka úiska imhk ,o hqo
iïm;a iïnkaëlrKh bka≥kSishdkq yuqod
úiskau is≥ lsˉu ;=,ska ±kg ms,sf.k
;sfnk udkjohdjdoS ksis Ndú;djka
W,a,x>kh ù we;' tjeks ksis Ndú;djka
u.ska ms<sf.k we;af;a udkjohdjdoh i|yd
fhdojk yuqod wdOdr idudkH rgjeishkaf.a
iïnkaëlrKh hgf;a mej;sh hq;= njh'
fndfydaúg ;lafiare lghq;= yd m%;spdr
fufyhqï weröu i|yd fulS iïm;a
Ndú;hg .ekSug rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdkj,g wjldY ,nd ° fkd;snqKs'
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj,g .=jka u.ska
bka≥kSishdfõ wka m%foaYj, isg nkavd wfÉ
iy fuhs,fnda m%foaYj,g NdKav m%jdykh
l< yels úh' kuq;a iqud;%dfõ ngysr bjqfr®
isá wdmodfjka mSvd ú¢ iy ,Ûdjkakg
wmyiq m%cdjka fj; fiajd yd NdKav f.k
hEug fk!ld yd fy,sfldmagr® hdkd fhdod
.ekSu fnfyúka iSud lr ;snqKs' wmyiqu
uq,a i;s fol ;=< rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj,
ks,Odˉkag jvd udOHfõ°kag fy,sfldmagr®
hdkdj,ska .uka lsˉu myiq úh' fï
m%foaYj, l%shd;aul jQ yquqod úiska
wdmodfjka mSvd ú¢ ck.ykh ms<sn|
f;dr;=re l%ñlj tla /ia lf<a ke;' tl;=
lrk ,o iq:Z f;dr;=re m%udKho rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdk fj; ,nd ≥kafka ke;' fï
;;a;ajh uola fyda fjkia jQfha ksrka;r
meñKs,sj,ska miqjh' udkjohdjdoS lghq;=
wfÉ m%foaYfha .egqfï tla mdr®Yjlrejl=f.a
md,kh hgf;a mej;sfhah hk lreK lsis
f,ilska fyda fjkia lsˉug fkdyels úh'
tksid udkjohdjdoS m%cdfõ uOHia:Ndjh
ms<sn| nrm;, .eg:Z mek keÛ=Ks' kuq;a
udkjohdjdoS l%shdldˉka iy bka≥kSishdkq
yuqod N+ñld w;r we;s fjki meye†<s
lsˉu ioZyd óg jvd jeä ldr®hNdrhla
lsrSug Wiiau uÜgfï n,Odˉkag yelshdj
;snqKs'
úYd, cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdk w;r wNHka;˙l
iïnkaëlrKh
wka;r® wdh;ksl iïnJëlrKfh yd
iyfhda.S;djh jQl,S ñY% .=Kd;aulNdjhlska
hqla; jQ tlls' jevigyka l%shd;aul lsˉu
iusnkaOfhka uq,ald,fhaoS we;s jQ wukdmlï
wm%ikak jjqo tajd fláld,Sk ùh' uq,skau
we;eï ixúOdk u.ska ;ukag wdOdr lsˉug
yelshdj fkd;snQ ;rï úYd, m%foaY ;u
jHdmD;sj,g iïnkaO lr .ekSug
W;aidy.;a w;r wka wdh;k ;ukaj fldka
lrk ,±hs is;kakg úh' fujka ;;a;ajhka
we;sùu j<lajd iy iyfhda.S;djh
jeä†hqKqlsˉu i|yd jvd;a úYd,
ixúOdkj, m%OdkSka i;sm;d wúêu;a
?iaùï mj;ajkakg ;SrKh l<y' fï ;=,ska
;;a;ajh iS.%fhka †hqKq úh' ukaoh;a"
m%Odk l%shdldˉka ;uka lrkafka l=ulao
hkak ;SrKh l< miq f;dr;=re fnod.ekSu
yd fiajd iyfhda.h hk lreKqj,g
wjOdkh fhduq lsˉug yels úh'
wfÉ m%foaYfha l%shd;aul jQ CARE
ksfhda‚;hskag wkqj fï wúêu;a
iïnJëlrK l%uh m%udKj;a fkdjQ w;r
Tjqyq jvd;a úêu;a iïnJëlrK jHqyhla
ta fjkqjg fhdackd l<y' CARE wdh;kh
iy fkdar®ù‚hdkq irKd.; uKav,h tlaj
úêu;a rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk iïnJëlrK
hdka;%Khla f.dvke.Su i|yd Wmldr lrk
f,i cd;Hka;r iafjÉPd wdh;k uKav,hg
(International Council of Voluntary
Agencies)2 wdrdOkd lrkq ,eîh' tfukau"
CARE, jr®,aâ úIka cd;Hka;rh"
OXFAM GB iy lf;da,sl iyk fiajd hk
wdh;k †k foll /iaùula ;=,ska Y%S
,xldfjka bka≥kSishdfjka bka†hdfjka yd
;dhs,ka;fhka bf.k.;a mdvï úur®IKh
lsˉug W;aidy .;af;dah'3
úYd, cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdkj,g tfrysj l=vd
cd;Hka;r fkdjk ixúOdk
wfÉ m%dka;h ;=, l%shd;aul jQ udkjohdjdoS
m%cdfõ w;s úYd,;ajh fmkakqï lrk
lreKla kï udkjohdjdoS uOHia:dkh úiska
f.dkq lrk ,o iïnkaO;d kdudj,sh msgq
203 ka iukaú;ùuh'4 ,shdm†xÑ jQ
cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj,g
27
FMR iqkdñ - bka≥kSishdj
b†˙ ie,iqï
Fritz Institute
cd;Hka;r udkjohdjdoS m%cdj b†˙ ie,iqï
iïmdokfha° jvd;a wka;r® l%shdldˉ úh
hq;=h' fuh jvd;a jeo.;a jkafka my;
i|yka lghq;= iïnkaOfhks'
wu;rj ^fiajd m%;spdrfha WÉp;u
wjia:dfõ° cd;Hka;r ks,Odˉka 5"000 g
fï ixúOdk /lshd imhd we;'& ,shdm†xÑ
l%shdj,shg yiq fkdjQ wka cd;Hka;r wdh;k
úYd, m%udKhlao óg fmr ,shdm†xÑ jQ
wfÉ rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk 120 lao"
bka≥kSishdfõ wka m%foaYj,ska meñKs
fkdfhl=;a l=vd iafjÉPd lKavdhïo m,d;
;=, l%shd;aul jQy'
cd;Hka;r m%cdj úiska msysgqjk ,o
iïnJëlrK hdka;%Kh foaYSh wdh;k yd
iïnJO fkdùh' fuh úfYaIfhka n,mEfõ
yqfol,d m%foaYj, l%shd;aul jQ lKavdhï
iïnJOfhks' ish:ZZu /iaùï mj;ajk ,oafoa
bx.%Sisfhka jQ w;r" tajd tu rfÜ foaYsh
NdIdjg m˙jr®;kh lrkq ,enqfõ ke;'
is≥jkafka l=ula±hs fkdf;areKq neúka foaYSh
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk fï /iaùïj,g
meñKSu iq:Z ld,hla ;=<° w;ayer ±uQy'
bx.%sis NdIdfõ m%uqL;ajh CARE ixúOdkfha
foaYSh ks,Odˉkaf.a w;a±lSï ;=,ska jgy.;
yelsh' Tjqyq udkj iqNidOk f;dr;=re
uOHia:dkfha m%fhdackh i|yd wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekajQjka isák ia:dk ms<sn| f;dr;=re
moaO;shla iïmdokh l,y' kuq;a tys
wka;r®.;h ieliS ;snqfKa bkaÿkSishdkq
NdIdfjka ksid tu f;dr;=re wjYH m˙†
ilid .ekSug tlS uOHia:dkhg i;s foll
ld,hla .; úh' ta ld,h ;=<° ld,h iy
iïm;a úkdY úh' ukaoh;a" ta w;r wka
wdh;k tajk úg;a ;snQ f;dr;=re kej;
,nd .ekSu i|yd wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjka
iu. iïuqL idlÉPd meje;aùug ;u
ks,Odˉka hjd ;snq neúks'
bka≥kSishdkq rcho we;eï tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
wdh;k iy úYd, cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdk lsysmhla o l=vd ixúOdk iy
Tjqkaf.a jevigykaj, wod,;ajh .ek
m%Yak l,y' Tjqka tlS l=vd ixúOdk kï
lf<a iq≥iqlï úrys; iïm;a ysÛ wdh;k
jYfhks' fujeks m˙udkhl wdmodjloS
we;eï .eg:Zldˉ l%shdldˉ;ajhka tu
m%foaYj,ska u;=ùu i;Hhls' WodyrK
jYfhka udkjys;jdoS uOHia:dk kdudj,sfha
i|yka we;eï wd.ï m%pdrl ixúOdk
±laúh yelsh' tkuq;a fndfyda l=vd ixúOdk
iuia; wjYH;djhg m%;spdr ±lajQfha
m%fhdackj;a whq˙ks' úfYaIfhka úYd,
ixúOdkj,g wduka;%Kh l< fkdyels jQ
wjldY Tjqka úiska mqrjqkq ,eîh' Tjqka
iqCIu iïnJëlrK hdka;%Khl
mdr®Yjlrejka jQfha kï Tjqkag óg;a jvd
w.kd fiajhla iemhSug wjldY ;snqK'
CARE iy fjk;a úYd, cd;Hka;r rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdk fujka l=vd ixúOdk iu.
m%dfoaYSh uÜgïj,° l%shdldˉ tlÛ;djka
we;slr .kakg W;aidy .kakd ,°' yels
wjia:dj,° fï W;aidyhka jevigyka
wkqrEmKfhka je<lSu" .eg:Zldˉ
jevigyka m%fõYhka kjHlrKh ls˙u jeks
lreKq iïnkaOfhka idfmaCI jYfhka idr®:
lj l%shd;aul úh' w;S; WodyrK
^fldfidafjda jeks& fmkajd foñka tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh úiska m%Odk cd;Hka;r
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj, j.lSu hg;g hï
huS m%foaY wkqhqla; lrk ,°' wka wdh;k
iïnJëlrKh lsˉfï n,ho Tjqkg ysñj
;snqks' fï idr®:l m%fõYh wfÉ m%foaYfha o
fhdod .; hq;=j ;snqKs'
úiZZoZsh hq;= iïnJëlrK
jdoúIhfhda
fndfydafokd iïnJëlrKh jeo.;a hehs
ms<s.;a;o" thska woyia jkafka l=ulao
hkak ms<sn| tlsfklg fjkia u; mj;S'
wju uÜgulska wkqrEmkfhka je<lSug
wjYH iafjÉPd lghq;= we;=<;a úh yel'
fkdtfiakï" m%;spdr iqix.; lsˉfï ixfõ°
W;aidyhka úh yelsh' fï fojk wr®:fhka
.;a l< th CARE jeks rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdkhlg nrm;, .eg:Z u;= l< yelsh'
fuh is≥jkafka iïnJëlrK wdh;kh
^tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkhj," fyda
§leue;a; we;s ixúOdk¶ iNdhla fyda úh
yel& uOHia: fkdfõh hk woyi n,j;a ù
;sfnk úg;a iqix.; lsˉfï l%shdj,sh uÛska
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkhlg uOHia:j lghq;=
lsˉug ;sfnk wjYH;djhg ndOd muqKqjk
úgh' ;j;a nrm;, .eg:Z u;=jk
wjia:djla kï iïnkaëlrK j.lSï mejˉ
;sfnk ;sfnk wjia:djh' fujka wjia:dj,°
;u ;ukaf.a wjYH;djkag wvq fyda jeä
fyda wjOdkh fhduq ùug bv ;sfí'
iïnkaëlrK jHqyhka m%n, hehs fmkS
.sho" tajdg ksis iïm;a yd fiajlshka
fkdue;s kï" m%dfhda.sl uÜgfï° tajd
ì|jeáh yelsh' tfukau" iïnJëlrK
ks,Odˉka m%foaYhg wd.ka;=lfõ kï fyda
w;a±lSï wvqkï fyda f;dr;=re fnodyeˉfï
jHqyhka wiïmQr®K kï fyda tjka ;;a;aj
;=<° iyNd.S;ajhg yd iyfhda.S;ajhg iq≥iq
jd;djrKhlaa f.dvke.Su wmyqiq jkq we;'
■ f;dr;=re wjYH;d ms<sn| ;SrKh
lsˉfï°
■ m%ñ;s.; lrk ,o ldr®hd, fmdaru
;=<ska ikaksfõokh lsˉfï°
■ SPHERE jHdmD;sh u.ska ms<sf.k we;s
wdldrhg wkql+,j wdmodj,g m%;spdr
±laùfï° wjYH wju m%ñ;Ska
ikaor®N.; lsˉfï°5
■ cd;sl" m%dka;Sh" m%dfoaYSh yd wxYhSh
uÜgïj, iïnJëlrK jHqy w;r we;s
meye†<s iïnkaO;d y≥kd .ekSfï°
■ Y%u úNckh yd iïm;a fh°u hk
lreKqj,° jvd;a iyfhda.S f,i mQr®j
ie,iqïlrKfha° mj;sk yelshdjka
y≥kd.ekSfï°
■ cd;sl wdKavq iy yuqodj, flaJøSh
N+ñldjka y≥kd.ekSfï° iy tu
wdh;kj, N+ñld iy j.lSï meye†<s
lsˉfï°
■ óg l,ska msysgqjd ;sfnk cd;Hka;r
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj, iïnJëlrK
jHqyhka iyfhda.S;d moaO;s" ksfhdachkajk
yd l%shdldˉ;ajh iu. iïnkaO ùfï°
■ m%dfoaYSh yd cd;sl isú,a iudc ixúOdk
iu. iïnkaOùfï°
■ wk;=re jeä m%foaYj, yelshdjka
is;shï.; lsˉfï°
b†m;a ù we;s úfõpk uOHfha jqjo,
iuia; iqkdñ m%;spdrh idr®:l nj lsj
yelsh' tfukau, t;=,ska wdh;ksl mdvï
bf.kSug ;sfnk Wkka≥j w.h l< hq;=h'
jvd;a uekúka b†˙ ie,iqï iïmdokh
lsˉfuka iy mYapd;a iqkdñ w;a±lSfuka
mdvï bf.k .ekSug we;s wd;auYla;sh
jeä lr,Sfuka, ó,. wdmodfõ° m%;spdr
±laùu i|yd ;uka jvd;a uekeúka iQodkï
ù isák nj;a iïnkaëlrKh jvd;a iQCIu
l< yels nj;a cd;Hka;r m%cdjg jegfykq
we;'
ldiagka fpda,aia flhdr® ixúOdkfha
;dCIKsl fufyhqï lKavdhfï (CARE
Emergency Group) CIKsl fufyhqï
ms<sn| iïnkaêldrljrhhs' fï ,smsfha we;s
woyia wehf.a fm!oa.,sl woyia jk w;r
tajd CARE wdh;kfha fyda tys
mdr®Yjlrejkaf.a fyda woyia ksfhdackh
lrkafka ke;' úoHq;a ;emE,(
voelz@careinternational.org
1 www.humanitarianinfo.org/sumatra
2 www.icva.ch
3 www.humanitarianinfo.org/srilanka/infocentre/reference/
docs/Care_Evaluation.pdf. Save the children, the
International Rescue Committee and Mercy Corps hk
wdh;k iu.Z tla ù fuu rdcH fkdjk cd;Hka;r
ixúOdkh CIksl yelshd f.dvkexùfï jHdmD;sh f.dvk.
hs' fï jHdmD;sfha wruqKq kï( uQ,dY%j, iQCIauNdjh
oshqKq lsrsu" fiajlhskag jeä .=Kd;aul mqyqKqjla ,ndosu"
Tjqka fiajfha roZjd.eksu" wdh;k j.lSu jeäoshqKq lsrSu"
n,mEï weia;fïka;= †hqKq lsrSu" wk;=re wvqlr .eksfï
yelshdj oshqKq lsrsu" yosis wjia:d ioZyd ;sfnk iqodku
jeäoshqKq lsrSu" f;dr;=re yd ;dCIKsl yelshdjka oshqKq
lsrSu'
4 www.humanitarianinfo.org/sumatra/products/contacts/
index.asp
5. www.sphereproject.org.
bka≥kSishdkq yuq∞j
iykdOdr iemhqï
iu., nkavd wfÉ,
bka≥kSishdj
28
FMR iqkdñ - bka≥kSishdj
wfÉ m%dka;fha mYapd;a-iqkdñ wdrCIK
úêúOdk
uershka flda,afv% iy áï fud˙ia
iajdNdõl wdm∞j,g f.d≥re ù m,dhkakjqkao wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekajQjka (IDP) yeáhg i,lkake'hs wNHka;˙lj wj;ekaùu
ms,sn| udr®f.damfoaY m%;sm;a;sj, meye†,sj i|yka lr ;sfí'
flfiafj;;a iqkdñfhka miqj wfÉ m%dka;h ;=, ls%hd;aul jQ iuyr
wdh;k tu moh Ndú;d lsˉug;a wdrCIK úIh wduka;%Kh
lsˉug;a ue<s ù ;sfí'
NRC-CARDI ixúOdkh .egqu yd iqkdñh
úiska wj;eka lrkq ,en isák wfÉ
ck;djf.a wjYH;djka iy wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekaùu ksid Tjqka uqyqKfok
;;a;ajhka fjka jYfhka f.k ie,lSu
wk;=re∞hl neõ wjOdrKh lrhs' iqkdñh
ksid wNHka;˙lj wj;eka jQ ckhd
iïnkaOfhka NRC ixúOdkh óg jvd
±kqj;aùfï wjYH;djh ms<s.e◊k' ta
jdf.au wj;ekaùu" kej; meñ”u" kej;
taldnoaOùu" kej; ia:dk f;dard.ekSu"
kej; m†xÑùu jeks ldrKd idlÉPd
lrñka wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjka /
l.ekSu ms,sn| woyia yqjudre lr.ekSu
i|yd wj;ekajQjka o we;=Ωj
udkjohdjd° ldrlhskag fõ†ldjla
wjYHh'
tneúka iqkdñfhka miq nkavd wfÉ
m%dka;fha OCHA ldr®hd,h úiska le|jk
,o iïnkaëlrK /iaùïj,° ksfhda‚;hka
wNHka;˙lj wj;eka jQ ckhd hk
moh Ndú;d fkdfldg ta fjkqjg §ksjdi
wysñjQjka¶ iy §iqkdñh ksid ksjdi wysñ
jQ ckhd¶ wd† mo mdúÉÑ lsˉu we;af;kau
mq≥uiy.; ldrKhla f,i fmkS .sfhah'
NRC ixúOdkh;a wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekajQjka ms,sn| f.da,Sh jHdmD;sh
(GIDPP) tl;= ù udr®f.damfoaY m%;sm;a;s
ms,sn| jevuqΩ folla ie,iqï lsˉug
mgkaf.k ;sfí' thska tlla nkavd wfÉ
m%dka;fha meje;afjk w;r wfkl ngysr
iqud;%d fjrf<a msysá ñhq,dfndayS°
meje;afjkjd we;' fï fhdackdj cd;sl yd
cd;Hka;r m%cdjka tlfy<d wkqu; lr
we;af;a th ldf,daÑ; iq≥iq ls%hdjla
yeáhg y∫kajñks' bka≥kSishdkq wdKavqj
wfÉ m%dka;h ;=, mkjd ;snQ y†is kS;sh
udr®;= wjidkfha° wjidk l< fyhska
m%dka;fha m%;sixjr®Okhg fl,skau
iyNd.Sjk Woúhf.a iyNd.S;ajh NRC
±äj wfmaCId lrhs' iyNd.slhka
y∫kd.ekSu iy Tjqkg wdrdOkd lsˉu"
iïm;a∞hlhska fidhd.ekSu" wfÉ m%dka;fha
ikaor®Nhg wkql+,jk m˙† mqyqKqlsˉfï
øjH iy fuj,ïj, yev;, yd .=Krej
fjkialsˉu wd° iEfyk ld,hla wjYH
flfiafj;;a iqkdñh isoaOjQfha ±ä f,i
foaYmd,kSlrKhg ,lajQ ikaor®Nhla ;=,h
hk ldrKh blau◊kau fkdar®ù„hdkq
irKd.; uKav,h (NRC) ms<s.;a;dh'
bka≥kSishdkq wdKavqj iy fn≥ïjd°
jHdmdrhla jk GAM ixúOdk w;r
ygf.k ;sfnk .egqï fya;=fjka wfÉ
m%dka;fha cd;Hka;r m%cdj fjkqfjka újD;
fkdlr ;snq◊' cd;Hka;r wdh;kj,g tys
f.dvneiSug wjir ,enqfka iqkdñh yd
iïnkaO udkjohdjd° wjYH;djkaj,g
muKla m%;spdr olajk m%;s«j msgh'
bka≥kSishdj kï rfÜ wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekajk ckhd ms,sn| b;sydiSh l:dj
mqrdu udkjohdjd° fufyhqï iu.
meje;ajQ lsis≥ iïnkaO;djhla olakg
fkd,efnk ksidu bka≥kSishdj ;=, is≥jk
wj;ekaùï flfrys cd;Hka;r m%cdj fyda
foaYSh n,dêldrh fyda t;rï Wkka≥jla
olajd ke;'
wjdikdjlg jevuqΩ fol mej;aùug
wjir fkd≥ka j. NRC ldr®hd,hg miqj
±k.kakg ,eìK' Bg fya;=j ishΩu
úfoaYSh udkjohdjd° wdOdrlrejka iajlSh
l%Shdldrlï ixúOdkhj lsˉu i|yd
wdKavqfõ wdh;k iu. noaO úh hq;=h
hk kj fr.=,dish wdKavqj meKùuhs'
tneúka" fuu fhda‚; jevuqΩ b†˙
ld,fha° wdKavqfõ w∞, wdh;k iu.
noaOj w∞, kS;s yd fr.=,disj,g
wkql+,fjñka meje;afjkq we;' tlS
wjia:dj u;= ú ;sfnk jeo.;a m%Yak
idlÉPd lsˉfï uKavmhla jkq we;e’hs
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkq ,efí' wfÉ m%dka;fha
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjka wdrCId lsˉu
i|yd;a Tjqkg Woõ Wmldr lsˉu i|yd;a
foaYSh n,Odˉka iu. cd;Hka;r m%cdj
tlg tl;= lsˉu jeo.;ah'
nkavd wfÉ m%dka;fha wj;ekajQjka wdrCId
lsˉfï jHdmD;sh Ndrj isá tys jHdmD;s
l<ukdldr weiaá%â fid*s wdr®fka g FMR
l;=jre lD;«;djh m< lr;s' úoHq;a
;emE, :astrid.arne@freewave.cc
1.www.db.idpproject.org/Sites/IdpProjectDb/idpSurvey.nsf/
wViewCountries/
NRC ixúOdkh bka≥kSishdj ixjr®Okh
lsˉfuys,d wdOdr iy m%;sldr ,nd°fï
ikaOdkh (CARDI) kï mqΩ,a ixúOdkfha
yjq,alrefjls' tu ikaOdkh iE° we;af;a
fvkaudr®l irKd.; uKav,h (DRC),
fkdr®ú‚hdkq irKd.; uKav,h (NRC),
cd;Hka;r .,jd.ekSfï lñgqj (IRC) iy
Stichting Vluchteling hk ixúOdk
tl;=ùfïkah' wNHka;˙lj wj;eka jQ
ckhd fkd;ld yeˉu ;=,ska u;=jk m%;sM,
.ek ish n,j;a wjOdkh fhduqlrk
UNHCR/J Austin
nkavd wfÉys
wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekajQjkaf.a
l|jqrla ;=,
mj;ajdf.k hk
;djld,sl mdie,la"
bka¥kSishdj
;jQ wjqre≥ lSmh ;=< wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekaùu ms,sn| m%;sm;a;s
bka≥kSishdkq nydId NdIdjg
m˙jr®;kh lrk ,≥j wdKavqfõ ks,Odˉka
yd .egqï ksid ydkshg ,la jQ ck fldgia
w;fr® mqΩ,aj fn∞ y˙kq ,en ;sfí' fuu
udr®f.damfoaY m%;sm;a;sud,dj bka≥kSishdkq
¥m;a iuQyh mqrdu fn∞ yeˉu
fkdar®ù‚hdkq irKd.; uKav,h f.da,Sh
uÜgñka fufyhjk wNHka;˙lj wj;eka
jQ ckhd ms,sn| jHdmD;sh;a wNHka;˙lj
wj;ekaùu ms,sn|j nDDlska.aia-nr®ka
jHdmD;sh;a tlai;a cd;Skaf.a udkjohdjd°
lghq;= ms,sn| iñnkaëlrK ldr®hd,h;a
(OCHA) bka≥kSishdkq wdKavqj yd fiiq
isú,a iudc ixúOdk iu. tl;= ù
fkdlvjd lghq;= lr ;sfí'1
lrk lghq;= ±kgu;a wrUd ;sfí' cd;sl
yd m%dfoaYSh n,Odˉkaf.a ñY%Khlska"
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ks,Odˉka" wruqo,a
∞hlhska" cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk"
foaYSh rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk" isú,a iuddc
kdhlhska" wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjkaf.a
kdhlhska we;=,;a fldg iyNd.slhkaf.a
,ehsia;=jla fu jkúg iïmdokh fldg
;sfí' jevuqqΩ i|yd iudc iqnidOkh
ms,sn| bka≥kSishdkq wud;HdxYh idOkSh
m%;spdrhla olajd we;s w;r tys° ksnkaOk
b†˙m;a lrkakg;a tlÛ ù we;' tfiau
o;a; tla/ia lsˉfuys,d Woõ jkakg;a
tajd ia;%SmqreI iudcNdjh" jhi" ia:dkh
wkqj jr®.SlrKh lrkakg;a tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a udkjohdjd° lghq;= ms<sn|
iïnkaëlrK ldr®hd,h (OCHA) leu;s ù
we;'
29
FMR iqkdñ - bka≥kSishdj
n,rys; f.d≥reo n,jka; †ú.,jd.;a
who@
bka.aú,aâ fid,ajeka.a
jhx f,i wdOdr Wmldr lr.kakg"
;ekg Tìk iydh ,nd.kakg"
ckhd i;= yelshdj ms,s.ksñka
iu;=,khla mj;ajd .ekSug udkjohdjdoS
ixúOdk l%shd l< hq;=h'
iqkdñfhka i;shlg miq hqfrdamSh iyk
fiajlfhla nkavd wfÉ m%dka;fha msysá
fciqhsÜ irKd.; fiajd ldr®hd,hg
meñKsfhah' wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQ ckhd
m%:u jrg ;lafiare lsˉfï fufyjrhl
fh≥kq Tyqg ;u ixpdrfhka t,eUqKq
ks.uk wm iuÛ fn∞ y∞ .ekSug wjYH
ù ;sìK' ;ukag whs;s nvqndysrd†h"
ñ;=rka" mjqf,a idud‚lhka wysñj isá ck
fldgia uqK.eiSu ksid Tyq ±ä Ñ;a;
mSvdjlg yiqj isáfhah' Tyq §wfka ≥mam;a
wirKhska¶ hkqfjka Tjqka y≥kajkakg
mqre≥ ù isáfhah' l|jqfr® uq:Z;ekaf.h
i|yd ;nk ,sma wgjd.;a wkaou Tjqka
úia;r lroa° ta l:dj Tyqg woyd.;
fkdyelsúh'
Petteri Kokkonen/FinnChurchAid/ACT International
;djld,slj wgjd.;a uvql+vdrïj,
cSj;ajk wj;ekajQ ckhd ≥mam;a wirKhska
f,i fmkqk;a udkjohdjd† fiajdodhlhska
Tjqka iïm;aj,ska f;dr lsisjla lrlshd.;
fkdyels ms˙ila f,i i,ld Tjqkg ksis
m˙† .rekïnq fkdfokjdkï th n,j;a
jrols' iqkdñfhka †k .Kklg miq
ckfldgia ,e.=ï f.k isá mdie,a
f.dvke.s,a,la fj; .sh ug my;
lshefjk isoaêhg uqyqK fokakg is≥úh'
f.dvke.s,a,g we;=:Zjk ;ek fr†
f.dkakla f.dv .id ;snqKs' flfkl=
froaola folla f.dfvka f.k ug
fmkajQfhah( §fï fr† w|skav wmsg
,ecachs¶" Tyq lSfõh' me,a,ï jegqKq" ;ek
;ek breKq" fr† f.dkak fj; uu ióm
ne,aula fy:Zfjñ' §fï ;;a;ajfha ±ka
ysáhg wms fyd| kïnqldr ñksiaiq¶ Tyq
†.gu lshdf.k .sfhah' óg j.lsjhq;af;a
ish:Zu iykfiajd tackais fkdfõ'
.=Kd;aulNdjhg jvd m%udKd;aulNdjhg
uq,a ;ek foñka" wfÉ m%foaYhg fï
lvud¨ msg;a fldg tjQ tackaishhs' fndfyda
irKd.; ms˙ia wdKavqj iy udkjohdjd°
wdh;k fnod fok CIKsl kQâ,aia melÜ
lEu fjkqjg jvd ;ukag mqre≥ wdydr
fj<|fmdf,ka ñ,° f.k tajd msiSu i|yd
W∫ka ñ,£ .kakg jqj;a iQodkïùfï
ldrKh fï wdh;kj,g .%yKh
lr.kakg ne˙ ù ;sfí'
wdmodj yuqfõ f,dalfha fiiq ckfldgia
±lajQ m%;spdrh .ek wfÉjdiS ckfldgia
;=< WKqiqï yeÛSï cks; ù ;sfí' fï
iu. ;j;a iuyre iqkaor m,d;la
jYfhka m%isoaOj ;snQ wfÉ m,d; iqkdñh
úiska .s,.ekSu .ek ≥lafj;s' o< r<
fm, .,dú;a Bg yuqjk iEu fohlau /
f.k hk wkaou ±lafjk weÛ ls,sfmd,d
hk meh .Kka †. úäfhda or®Yk fm<
bka≥kSishdfõ;a fjkhï ;ekaj,;a wruqo,a
tl;= lrkakg uy;afia odhl úh' ;ud
ika;lfha ;snQ ish,a, wysñjQ ksjeishka"
foudmsh wysñ jQ <uhska" /,a, úiska
;=ref,a isá <uqka W≥rd.;a wkaou
lshefjk uõjrekaf.a l;kaor" wysñ jQ
¥jre iy mq;=kaf.a PdhdrEm fmkajñka
bnd.df;a weú†k mshjreka wd°
ish,a,kaf.ka iukaú; or®Yk
fya;=fldgf.k wruqo,a /ialsˉu myiq
úh' flfiafj;;a" f.d≥re njg m;aj
isákafka wfÉjdiS ck;djh" ùrhska njg
m;aj isákafka úfoaYSh PdhdrEm Ys,amSka
iy udkjohdjd° iyk fiajlhskah' foaYSh
m%ldYlhska miqmi yUdhkjdg jvd fiajfha
kshe,S isák úfoaYslhkg l:d lsˉu
úfoaYSh ckudOHlrejkag myiq úh'
ngysr rgj, jeä wjOdkh ;dhs,ka;h
fj; fhduqjQfha fï fya;=j ksid jkakg
we;' ;ukaf.a l:dj mqk mqkd lshkakg
;rï iu;a úfoaYsl ixpdrlhka ms˙ila ta
wjia:dfõ ;dhs,ka;fha isáhy' ta udOH
ld,h Tjqka ,nd.;af;a foaYSh wjYH;djka
.ek lshkakg foaYSh y~g újD;j ;snQ
ld,fõ,d Ndú;d lrñks'
;ksfhkau foaj,a ixcdkkh lr.kakg ck
fldgiaj,g mq:Zjkalula ke;e’hs flfkl=
is;=fjd;ska ndysr Woõ wksjdr®fhkau
wjYH nj;a is;kakg ta ;eke;a;dg is≥fõ'
tfy;a úfoaYSh wdOdr ienE wjYH;djka
ms˙uid,k tajd fkdjkakg mq:Zjk'
WodyrKhla jYfhka" wfÉ m%dka;h;a
neyerj „j;ajk fndfydafokd is;kafka
iajlSh foudmshka fyda ndrldrhska fyda
wysñjQ ,uhska tlaflda wkd: <ud
ksjdij,g heúh hq;=h lshdh" ke;akï
orelug yod.ekSu i|yd cdjd ¥m;aj,u
;nd .ekSug fyda msgrg heúu jvd iq≥iq
njh'
wfÉ m%foaYjdiSka iajYla;sh yd
kïnqldrlu iys; ñksiqka ms˙ila nj
m%lgh' fmd≥fõ .;al, msg;ska
WoõWmldr .kakg Tjqka ue<sh'
udkjohdjd† wdh;kj,g jqj;a Tjqka
újD; ke;' wdKavqfõ yuqod iy GAM
fn≥ïjd° ixúOdk;a w;r ±kg oYl
folla ;siafia flˉf.k hk hqoaOh
fya;=fldgf.k ndysfrka meñfKk
mqoa.,hka iu. .Kqfokq lsˉug
wfÉjdiSka ieluqiqjk w;r tksidu
iajYla;sh u; jeämqr úYajdih ;nkakg
TjqyQ mqre≥ mqyqKq ù isákakdy'
flfiafj;;a iqkdñfhka miq wfÉ m,df;a
mj;sk wjYH;d iqúYd,h' tfy;a lsis≥
jeä†hqKqùula tys fï ;dla olakg ke;'
m%;sixjr®Ok lghq;= ljod mgka.kS±hs
wfÉ m,d;ajdiSyq fkdhsjis,af,ka
miqjkakdy'
fï w;r;=fr® fndfydafokd iajlSh
.ïm,d;aj,g meñK iqkanqka bj;a
lr.kakg mgkaf.k we;af;a wdKavqfjka
fyda udkjohdjd° m%cdjkaf.ka fyda lsis≥
wdOdrhla ke;sjh' l|jqrej, ,e.=ïf.k
isák wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQ ckfldgia
kej; meñK ;u f.j,a fodrj,a b†lr
.ekSug wêIaGdk lrf.k isá;s' mqf,da
wfÉ m%dka;fha f,da iy ,ïmqhka.a .ïj,
bkak ms˙ñka iajlSh ¥m;aj, m%;sixialrK
lghq;= lrñka isákafka ;u m%cdjkag
kej; tau i|yd myiqlï ie,iSugh'
iqkdñfhka miq udihla .;fjoa° l|jqre
N+ñh ;=< hd{dlsˉu i|yd;a m%cd /iaùï
meje;aùu i|yd;a fmd≥ Yd,djla b†lsˉug
jev wdrïN lr ;snq◊' .ula ;kkakg
mq:Zjka jkafka fujeks flaJøSh
f.dvke.s,a,la ;ekqjdhska miqjh' §wms
wdKavqj Woõ lrk l,a n,df.k bkafka
kE' wms wfma .ïj, mosxÑfjkag ´kE' ta
ykaod wms wdmyq tkjd"¶ b†ka fujeks
wdrïNl l%shd i|yd wdh;k wdOdr
l<hq;=h' foaYSh ckfldgiaj,ska ±kqj;a
ùu ;=,ska tfia l< hq;=h'
bka.aú,aâ fid,ajeka.a bka≥kSishdfõ ;sfnk
fciqhsÜ irKd.; fiajdfõ WmfoaYl fiajd
l<ukdldrjrhdh' úoHq;a ;emE,(
solvang@jrs.or.id bka≥ksiShdfõ fciqhsÜ
irKd.; fiajdfõ fjí wvúh:
www.jrs.or.id
iqkdñfhka miq
ngysr fjrf<a
msysá ñhq,dfnda
k.rfha udΩ
fj<|fmdf,a
jHdmd˙l lghq;=
l%ufhka hym;a
;;a;ajhg
yefrñka mj;s
30
FMR iqkdñ - Y%S ,xldj
ckjdr®.sl .egqu" Y%S ,xldfõ rdcHh iy
iqkdñh
chfoaj Whkaf.dv
;;a;ajdlr oaú;aj rdcH jHqyhla mj;sk rgl .egqï-ixfõ° iy
idu-ixfõ° m%;sldrl rduqjla f.dvk.d .ekSfï yelshdjla ;sfío@
,xldfõ W;=re kef.kysr hk
m,d;aj, fou, ckjdr®.sl rdcHhla
msysgqùu i|yd t,aààB ixúOdkh
f.k hk †.=ld,Sk wr.,h 2002
fmnrjdrfha w;aika l< igka úrdu
.súiqu ksid wiSre idu udj;lg wj;Sr®K
ù ;sfí' hqo fmruqfKa fmruqKq ne|f.k
isák wdKavqfõ finΩka yd t,aààB
idud‚lhka w;r ´kEu fudfyd;l
weúf,kakg kshñ;j ;snQ hqo .s◊mqmqre
ksjd,kakg iqkdñfha w;s±jeka; úkdYldˉ
n,mEug mqΩjka jQ fihls' úkdä úiaila
;rï ld,hla we;=,; isoaO jQ 35"000
;rï urK ixLHdj we;af;kau wjqre≥
úiaila ;siafia †h;a jQ isú,a hqoaOfhka
ñh .shjqkaf.a ixLHdjg iu úh' iqkdñh
k.r" .ï yd m%cdjka fida∞ yeˉ w;r
ñ,shkhl ;rï ck;djlg" nyq;rh
≥mam;=kaf.ka iukaú; ck;djlg" f.j,a
f∞rj,a wysñ lf<ah'
Á ,xldfõ cd;sl rdcHfha wújd†;
ksfhda‚;hd o mYapd;a iqkdñ ;;a;ajfhka
rg f.dvk.kakd m%Odk kshuqjd o ;uka
hehs wdKavqj lshd isák w;r;=fr®° fou<
cd;sfha §tlu ksfhda‚;hd¶ ;uka hehs
t,aààB ixúOdkh o lshd isà' t,aààB
md,khg k;= m%foaYj, „j;ajk ckhd
yd iudkju iqkdñfhka neg ld we;e'hs
hk isoaêjdpl i;Hh úiska m%;sixúOdk
l%shdj,sfhys,d ;ukao iumdr®Yajlrefjl=
yeáhg ie,lsh hq;af;ah hk t,aààB
b,a,Su ;yjqre ù we;af;ah' igka úrdu
.súiqu yd idu idlÉPdj, myiqldrlhd
fuka lghq;= lrk fkdar®ù‚hdkq wdKavqj
m%;sixjr®Ok lghq;= mˉCId lsˉu i|yd
f.dvk.k fhda‚; taldnoaO hdka;%Kfha
iajNdjh" n,;, yd l%shdld˙;ajh .ek
tlÛ;djhla we;s lr.eksu i|yd
t,aààB ixúOdkh;a wdKavqj;a iu.
†.gu lghq;= lrñka isà'
fujka miqìula hgf;a" iqkdñh we;s jQ
jydu fmdfrdka≥ jQ ±jeka; cd;Jka;r
wdOdr rg ;=,g .,d tau is≥fjñka ;snqfka
fiñkah' udr®;= wjidkfha ckdêm;sks
pkaøsld l=udr;=x. lshd isáfha ks,
jYfhka fmdfrdka≥jQ uqo,aj,ska §Y;
myla¶ fyda NKavd.drhg fkd,enqKq njhs'
iajlSh fmdfrdka≥ jydu fplam;a yd
fkdaÜgq njg fmr<k f,i Á ,xldfõ
úfoaY yd uqo,a wud;HdxY ks,Odˉyq
cd;Hka;r m%cdjg wdhdpkd lrkakg mgka
.;ay' flfiafj;;a" fndfyda iïm;a
∞hlhska l,amkd lf<a wdKavqj;a t,aààB
ixúOdkh;a yjqf,a lghq;= lsˉu i|yd
f.dvk.k taldnoaO hdka;%Kh uQ,H
iïm;a ksl=;alsˉu i|yd ke;=ju ne˙
wdh;khla njh' cd;Hka;r m%cdj Á
,xldfõ mYapd;a iqkdñ m%;sldrl l%shdj,sh
olskafka idu iïuq;s idlÉPd kej;
wdrïN lsˉu iy idu l%shdj,sh kej;
†h;a lsˉu iu. wksjdr®hfhkau noaO ù
;sfnkakla yeáhgh'
,xldfõ ;sfnk m,d;aj,ska ±kg nrm;,
f,i úkdY ù we;af;a W;=re yd kef.
kysr hk m,d;a folh' tys oYl ;=kla
;siafia hqoaOh flˉ f.k .sh w;r
wNHka;˙lj wj;eka jQ ckhd b;d úYd,
m%udKhla kej; ish ksfjiaj, m†xÑùfï
fyda fjk;a ;ekaj, m†xÑùfï wáfhka
l|jqrej, jdih lrñka isákakdy' isxy,"
fou<" uqia,sï hk ck fldÜGdY ;=ku
jdih lrk fyhska kef.kysr m,d;
iqúfYaIh' fuu ïY% ckjdr®.sl ixhq;sh
.ek lsis≥ ;elSula fkdfldg t,aààB
ixúOdkh fuu m,d; o iajlSh
§mdrïm˙l fou, kscìu¶ f,i olajhs'
t,aààB ixúOdkfha n,hg k;= ù ;sfnk
m%foaYj, fjr< ;Srh;a Á ,xldfõ
wdKavqjg ,Ûd úh fkdyels §uq∞ fkd.;a
m%foaY¶ f,i y∫kajk m%foaYh;a
iqkdñfhka oreKq f,i úkdY ù we;'
iqkdñhg fmrd;=j hqoaOfhka jekiS .sh
fï m,d;a fol kej; f.dvke.Su i|yd
Á ,xldfõ wdKavqj;a t,aààB ixúOdkh;a
cd;Hka;r m%cdj;a w;fr® lsishï
iyfhda.S;d rduqjla f.dvk.d .kakg
W;aidyhla orkq ,eîh' wdKavqfõ;aa
t,aààB ixúOdkfha;a fkdyelshdjkaj,g
mskais≥jkakg tjeks wdh;ksl rduqjla ìys
lrkakg oerE W;aidyhka fl<jr jQfha
u| ch.%yKhlskah' t,aààB ixúOdkh
fhdackd lf<a úfoaY wdKavqj,ska yd
cd;Hka;r wdOdr ixúOdkj,ska fl<skau
wdOdr ,nd.kakd wkaofï hdka;%Khla
f.dvke.sh hq;= njhs' flfiafj;;a" fï
fhdackdj wdKavqj ≥gqfõ uOHu wdKavqfõ
n,dêldrh ms<sfkdf.k fn≥ïjdoh
wdh;k.; lsˉu i|yd ls%hdjg kxjk /
já,a,la f,ih'
±kg mj;akd hqfOdamdhsl ;=,kh iqkdñ
wdm∞j úiska rdcHfha jdish i|yd kej;
ilia fldg we;e’hs hk wdrxÑh
iqkdñfhka i;s .Kkdjlg miqj nrm;,
f,i me;sr hkakg mgka .;s' t,aààB
ixúOdkfha W;a;ˉ;r kdhlhd jk
fõΩms,af,hs m%Ndlrka ñh f.dia we;s
nj;a t,aààB ixúOdkfha kdúl wxYhg
nrm;, ydks meñK ù we;s nj;a
tajdfhka lsheúK' wdKavqj iy t,aààBh
w;r we;sjkakg kshñ; iyfhda.S;d rduqj
yev.kajkakg fï wdrxÑ Wmldr úh' ta
iu.u W;=r kef.kysr m,d;aj,°
ydkshg ,lajQjka fírd .ekSfï° yd
iykdOdr fn∞°fï° Á ,xld yuq∞
finΩka iy t,aààB idud‚lhka hk
fof.d,a,kau iafjÉPdfjka yd
ksrdhdifhka tlsfkldg Woõ lrkakg
mgka .;af;a hehs lshefjk jdr®;d fï
iyfhda.S;d rduq f.dvk.kakg ;j;a
wdOdr jQfhah' fomdr®Yjhu uqyqK ≥ka
wNsfhda.h jQfha ìï uÜgñka f.dvke.=Kq
tlsfklg Woõ lsˉfï l%shdj,sh úêu;a
iyfhd.s;d rduqjla f,i úm˙jr®;kh
lsˉuh'
mYapd;aa iqkdñ l%shdj,sh l<ukdlrKh
lsˉu i|yd uOH.; jHqyhla
f.dvke.Sfuka wdKavqj m,d;amd,k
wdh;k fkd;ld ye˙fhah' iqkdñh tla
w;lska rfÜ foaYmd,k-ks,Odˉjd° m%N+ka
w;fr® w;HjYH uOH.;Ndjhla ms,sn|
yeÛSu ;Sõr l< w;r wfkla w;g
ydkshg ,lajk m%cdjkag CI◊l jYfhka
iykdOdr iemhSfuys,d uOH.; jHqyhl
mj;sk fkdyelshdjo biau;= fldg
fmkajd¨fhah' m,d;aiNdj,g n,;,
fn∞yeˉu fl,jr jkafka iajlSh n,h
yd wêldrh Ldokhg ,la lsˉfuka nj
olsk fld<U ks,Od˙ me,ska;sh m,d;a
iNdj, n,h Yla;su;a lsˉu lvdlmam,a
lrkakg Wm˙u wkaoñka lghq;= lrñka
isákakdy'
m%;su;a;suh jYfhka biau;= jQ ;j;a
wvqmdvqlula fya;=fjka uqia,sï ck fldgia
w;r kqreiakdjla jr®Okh úh' kef.kysr
m,df;a uqia,sï m%cdj iqkdñhka oreKq
f,i úm;g m;ajQ kuq;a Tjqkg ,enqKq
rcfha Wmldrh w,am úh' óg fya;=j
rdcH hka;%fha wldr®hCIuNdjh yd
b;du;a ±äj fn° isák uqia,sï
foaYmd,k kdhl;ajh;a ksidh' rdcHfha
wdldr®hCIuNdjh uqia,sïjreka wr®:
ksrEmKh lsˉug mgka.;af;a ys;du;du
uqia,sï m%cdjg tfrysj lrk widOdrKhla
f,ih' wfkla w;g rdcH wdh;k úiska
isxy, m%cdj;a t,aààB iyk fiajd
wdh;kj,g;a wdOdr ndr≥kaúg t,aààB
ixúOdkh m%:ufhka tajd fn∞ yrskafka
ydkshg m;a fou< m%cdj fj;gh' Bg
wu;rj wdKavqj iy t,aààB ixúOdkh
w;r taldnoaO hdka;%Khla f.dvke.Sfï°
Bg uqia,sï foaYmd,k kdhlhskaf.a tkï
uqia,sï ck;dj idlÉPd iyNd.S;ajh ,nd
fkd.;a fyhska neyerlsˉu ksid yg.kakd
Woafõ.ldˉ yeÛSïj,ska uqia,sï ck;dj
le<ö .sfhah'
wdKavqj;a t,aààB ixúOdkh;a hk
fof.d,a,kau udkjohdjd° lghq;=j,g
ue†y;ajkakg;a ta ms,sn|j uOH.;
wdldrfhka ;SrK .ekSug;a tlg tl;=
jQfha by< uÜgïj,skah' fï rdcH
flakaøSh t,eUqu úiska ydkshg m;ajQ
ckfldgia i,lkafka ksIal%Sh udkjohdjd°
wdOdr,dNSka f,ih' fï ldrKd jvd
;yjqre jQfha wdKavqj;a t,aààB
ixúOdkh;a ;ykï fjr< l,dmhla ;=,
kej; f.dvke.s,s ;ekSu iïnkaOfhka
ydkshg ,lajQ ck;dj fkdúuid ;SrK .;a
FMR iqkdñ - Y%S ,xldj
ckjdr®.sl .egqu" Y%S ,xldfõ rdcHh iy iqkdñh
31
Paul Jeffrey/ACT International
ckldhlf.a m%cdj" m%cd „ú;h"
„jfkdamdh h,s f.dvke.Suh' ydkshg
,lajQ ck fldgia m%;sksr®udK l%shdj,sh
;=, l%shdldˉ jevfldgila bgq fkdlrkafka
kï th ±ä f,i m%cd;ka;% úfrdaë
ls%hdj,shla jkjd we;'
wjia:dfõ°h' wdKavqj fï ;ykï fjr<
l,dmh ógr 100l ;Srhla jYfhka ±lajQ
w;r t,aààB ixúOdkh Bg;a wE;g
f.dia tu ;ykï l,dmh ógr 300l
;Srhla jYfhka °r®> lf<ah' hym;a
wêIaGdkfhka is≥l,;a fï ksid wirK jQ
ckhd uy;a ìhg iy wmyiq;djhg
,laúh' hym;a m%;sM, wfmaCIdfjka .;a
mshjrla jqjo ;ykï fjr< l,dm
m%;sm;a;Suh ldrKd iïnkaOfhka
uyckhdf.a woyia úuid ne,Sfï
hdka;%Khla fyda jHqyhla fyda ixl,amhla
fyda Á ,xldfõ wdKavqjg fukau m%dfoaYSh
jYfhka fou< m%cdj w;˙ka u;=fjkñka
tk fou< foaYmd,k fldgiaj,go
fkdue;s nj;a meye†,s úh'
isú,a iudc ixúOdkj, m%;spdr
fya;=fldgf.k rdcHfha
fkdyelshdj fmkakqï flfr®
fï y†is ;;a;jhg t,aààB ixúOdkh
uqyqK ≥kafka ñ,sg˙ iQ;:HNdjfhka hq;=j
Tjqkaf.a udkjohdjd° lghq;= fufyhjk
wxYh jk fou< mqkre;a:dmk ixúOdkfha
(TRO) iydhg ;u idud‚lhska fm<.
iajñks' tfy;a wdKavqfõ m%;spdrh kï
l,afõ,d bl=;a jQ wldr®hCIu tlla úh'
wdKavqfõ m˙md,k hka;%h uqΩukskau
jdf.a l%shdúrys; ù mj;soa° ;ks
mqrjeisfhda" mqrjeis lKavdhï" rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdk fuu uyd úm;a;sfhka
meh lSmhlg miqj l%shd;aul jkakg
mgka .;ay' †ú .,jd.;a Woúhg wdydr"
we∫ï me,∫ï" b∫ï ysgqï ,nd°fuys ksr;
jQ TjQyQ „j;aj isákakka .,jd .ekSfï"
iqkanqka bj;a lsˉfï" „j;aj isákakka yd
u<l|ka fiùfï" cd;Hka;r jYfhka
mqoa.,sl ∞km;shkaf.a iydh ,nd.ekSfï
ishΩ ls%hdkaú; ixúOdk l<y' niakdysr
iy ol=Kq m,d;aj,° ydkshg ,la jQ ck
fldgiaj, wjYH;d ms˙ueiSu i|yd
rdcHh fl<skau jydu ue†y;aùï l<
hq;=j ;snqk;a fndfyda wjia:dj, ydkshg
m;a m%cd fldgia fj; ,Ûd ùu i|yd Bg
ojia mfya isg y; olajd ld,hla .;
úh' iïuqL idlÉPdj,° ks,Odˉka
fy<sorõ lr isáfha ;u ;ks ;SrKj,g
jev wdrïN lsˉug ;uka fkdfm<fUkafka
uOHu wdKavqfõ fpdaokdj,g ,la fõ hehs
hk ìfhks'
isú,a iudc ixúOdkj, ;SrK.ekSfï
l%shdj,sh ;=, rdcH wxYh ;=, fldfy;au
olakg fkd,efnk Yla;su;a
kuHYS,s;djhla ;sfí' rdcH wxYfha
rchk ks,Od˙jd° fr.=,disj,g fldgq
fkdù iafõÉPd fiajlhska fm<.iajkakg
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkhlg mqΩjk' ta
jdf.au Tjqkg myiqfjkau iafjÉPdfjkau
b†˙m;a jk mqoa.,hskf.a yd mqoa.,sl
∞km;shkaf.a iyNd.S;ajh ,nd.kakg;a
mqΩjk' flfiafj;;a" rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdk Wiq,k fï kuHYS,sNdjh
wdKavqfõ iy ckudOHfha iuyr
fldgiaj, n,j;a fodaI or®Ykhg uqyqK
° isà' Tjqka ;r®l lrñka m%ldY lrkafka
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj, yd ta iu.
ne∫Kq mqoa., l%shdldˉ;ajh ¥IKhg;a
wiïnkaê; wixúê; ue†y;aùïj,g;a
u. fmkajk njhs' isú,a iudc ixúOdkj, jevigyka Tiafia cd;sl wdrCIdj
wk;=rg m;ajk neõ jeä≥rg;a TjQyQ
fpdaokd lr;s' ukao lshkjdkï" t,aààB
ixúOdkh iykfiajd NdKav iemhSfï
uqjdfjka ñ,sg˙ yd fjk;a hqoaOuh
wdïmkak m%jdyKh lr;e'hs hk ielh
mj;sk ksidh'
iqkdñ wdm∞jg olajk m%;spdrh;a wekysg
;sfnk idu l%shdj,sh b†˙hg .uka
lrùu;a b;du;a ióm f,i ne£
mj;skakls' iqkdñ wdm∞j flfrys olajk
idOkSh l,amj;akd m%;spdr ;=< ckjdr®.sl
yd foaYmd,k fn°ï wNsnjd hk fmd≥
tlÛ;djhla ;sîu wjYHh' ta jdf.au tlS
tlÛ;djh ;=, f*vr,a l%uh
úuOH.;lsˉu kï h:dr®:h fj;g fhduq
jQ m%;sixialrK ;sìh hq;=h'
m%;sixjr®Ok l%shdj,sh ;=, m%;sixialrK
olakg fkdue;af;akï ta i|yd ,efnk
ck iyNd.S;ajh m%Yakldˉ jkakg mqΩjk'
§by<ska mKjk m%;sixjr®Okh¶g tfrysj
n,j;a úfrdaOhla u;= ù ;sfnk nj
fmfka' iykdOdr fn∞°u ;=< olakg
,efnk rdcH iy ks,Odˉjd°
wldr®hCIu;djka .ek fï jkúg;a
n,j;a úfrdaO;d u;= ù ;sfí' mYapd;a
iqkdñ m%;sixjr®Okh hkq yqfola
f.dvke.s,s" uxudj;a yd wdr®:sl há;,
myiqlï f.dvke.Su fkdfõ' ysáyeáfhau
jia;= Nx.;ajhg m;a jQ ñ,shkhla ;rï
wdKavqj;a t,aààB ixúOdkh;a w;r
jeà ;sfnk fuu ¥r®. udr®.h ;rKh
lsˉu i|yd §.egqu;a iu:h;a hk
folu .ek ixfõ†ùu¶ kï ixl,amh
úiska udr®f.damfoaYl;ajh fokq ,enQ
iyfhda.S;d rduqjla tu wdh;k folgu
isú,a iudc ixúOdk úiska fhdackd
fldg ;sfí' ta jdf.au §mYapd;a iqkdñ¶
m%;sldrh iy m%;sksr®udKh §mYapd;a
.egqï¶ m%;sixjr®Okh iy m%;sksr®udKh
iu. noaO lrùfï wjYH;djh o TjQyQ
biau;= fldg olajd ;sfí' tmuKla
fkdj" mdr®Yaj fol w;r úêu;a rduqjla
f.dvk.d .ekSu i|yd iïuqL idlÉPd
wdrïN lsˉfï jeo.;alu;a tu ixúOdk
úiska fmkajd ° we;' ulaksidoh;a" fujeks
iyfhda.S;djhkaf.a iajNdjh iy
.ukaudr®.h md,kh lsˉug igka úrdu
.súiqu jeks fohla wfmdfydi;a neõ
fï jkúg;a meye†,s ù we;s ksidh'
igkaúrdu .súiqu jQl,s wdKavqj;a t,aààB
ixúOdkh;a w;r ;sìh hq;= ñ,sg˙
in|;d ksr®jpkh lrk úêu;a .súiqula
mu◊'
m%;sixjr®Ok lghq;= iy mYapd;a.egqï iu:hka my; i|yka m%;sm;a;s
u; mokï úh hq;= njg isú,a iudc
lKavdhï ;r®l lr;s(
■ iqkdñ yq≥ iajNdúl úm;la f,i
fkd±lsh hq;=h' iykfiajd iy
m%;sixjr®Ok m%;spdr ±laùfï°
ckjdr®.sl .egqu iy idu l%shdj,sh
isysfha ;nd.; hq;=h'
■ isxy," fou, iy uqia,sï hk ishΩu
m%cdjkag tliudk f,i ie,lsh hq;=
w;r iyNd.S;ajh i|yd Tjqka jv
jvd;a †˙ .ekaúh hq;=h'
■ „ú; iy foafmd, ydksfha ;ru
i,ld n,kúg W;=re yd kef.kysr
m,d;aj,g m%uqL;ajh ,nd †h hq;=h'
■ mYapd;a-iqkdñ l%shdj,sfha° wdKavqj;a
cd;Hkaa;r m%cdj;a t,aààB ixúOdkfha
N+ñldj fkdi,ld fkdyer tu
ixúOdkh iu. yjq,la f.dvk.d .;
hq;=h'
wdKavqj;a t,aààB ixúOdkh;a mYapd;aiqkdñ wjldYh kj foaYmd,k l%shdj,shla
wdrïN lsˉu i|yd fhd∞.; hq;=h' igka
úrdu .súiqug iudka;rj udkjohdjd°
jevms<sfj,la i|yd úêu;a tlÛ;djhlg
t,eöu wksjdr®hfhka l< hq;a;ls'
chfoaj Whkaf.dv fld<U úYaj úoHd,fha
foaYmd,k úoHd iy rdcH m%;sm;a;s
wxYfha m%Odkshdh' Polity iÛrdfõ
l;=jrhdh' iudc úoHd ix.ufha
iNdm;sjrhdh' úoHq;a ;emE,(
uyangoda@cmb.ac.lk fuu ,smsh www.
fmreview.org/pdf/uyangoda.pdf kï
fjí wvúfha m<jQ †.= ,smshl
idrdxYhls'
hqoaOfhka tl†.g
mSvd ú¢k Á
,xldfõ fjr<nv
yuq∞ l|jqre iy
fjk;a m%foaY wjg
j<,d ;snQ ìï
fndaïn iqkdñfhka
.idf.k f.dia
iEu;eku úisˉ we;
32
FMR iqkdñ - Y%S ,xldj
mYapd;a iqkdñ ufkda idudcSh ls%hdlrlï j,
wdjr®ckh
wdkkao .,mam;a;s
cd;Hka;r udOHhkaf.a iy wdOdr wdh;khkaf.a ie,ls,su;a ùï j,
fhduq lrùula jYfhka ufkda idudcSh ueosy;aùï" yosis wjia:djka
j,oS m%;spdrhka ioyd m%Odk ;ekla .kakd ,oS' ueosy;aùï blaukska
osh;a l, kuq;a iïnkaëlrKh ≥r®j, jQ w;r jir .kkdjl
mQr®j-iqkdñ .egqï wdYs%; ufkda idudcSh jevigyka u.ska W.;a mdvï
ie,ls,a,g fkd.kakd ,oS'
ks,OdrSkag n,lrhs' <uhska iu. lrk
,o fndfyda ueosy;aùï osYdk; ù
mej;sfha mdie,a wdrïN lsrSug fN!;sl
wdOdr oSu fyda myiqlï i,iajk ,o
fi,a,ï ls%hd fhdackd lsrSu yryd
Tjqkaf.a ffoksl cSú;hg jHqyhla
imhd oSu fjkqfjkah'
kdñ jHikfhka miq m<uq
i;s fol ;=,oS udkj ys;jdoS
wdh;k" YS% ,xld wdKavqj" øúv
B,dï úuqla;s fldá ixúOdkh (LTTE)"
foaYsh iy cd;Hka;r yosis m%;spdr
lKavdhï" iy uvl,mqfõ" kef.kysr
k.r iSudfõ isák fmd≥ ckhd wdydr"
we≥ï" ksjdi" iy ffjµ fiajdjka imhd
oSu .ek wjOdkh fhduq lrk ,os'
Nhxlr w;aoelSï iy m%n, fm!oa.,sl
wysñùï j,g uqyqK oqka jeäysáhka
iy <uhska f.a CI;suh ;;ajhka
weu;Sfï wjYH;djh" m%dfoaYsh udkisl
fi!LH ls%hdorhka iu. iïuqL idlÉPd
meje;ajQ cd;Hka;r jdr®;dlrejka úiska
b;d blaukska u;= lrk ,oS'
iïnkaëlrKfha wjYH;djh
jvd;a fhda.H ufkda idudcSh ueosy;aùu
ms<sn| woyia fjkia jQ udr®.hka
.;af;ah' m%dfoaYSh rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdk ^úfYaIfhkau ufkda idudcSh
jevigyka ms,sn| wju jQ wjfndaOhka
we;s& iy YS% ,xldfõ fjk;a m%foaYhka
j,ska meñKs ie,ls,su;a jk lKavdhï
iqkdñ úm;ska osú .,jd.;a;kag
WmfoaYk fiajd iemhSug W;aiql úh'
oekgu;a m%dfoaYShj ls%hd lrk
WmfoaYlhka lsysmfofkla yerekq fldg
fuu fiajdjka imhka ,enQfha osk
lsysmhlska mqyqKqj ,enQ iafjÉPd
fiajlhska u.ska fyda osjhsfka fjk;a
m%foaYhlska meñKs lKavdhï u.sks'
§WmfoaYlhkaZ¶ ^b;d iqΩfjka mqyqKqj
,enq wh iu. mjd& iu. Tjqkaf.a
w;aoelSï fnod .ekSu u.ska ;u mjqf,a
idudcslhka" ksjdi" fyda cSjfkdamdhka
wysñùug uqyqK ≥ka iy ;djld,sl
l|jqre j, fkajdislj isák
mqoa.,hskag Ñ;a;fõ.S iykhla ,efnk
njg mqΩ,aj ms<s.;a wkqudkhla
mej;sfhah'
fuu u;fha m%;sm,hla jYfhka
jHikfhka miq i;s folla we;=,;
l=vd WmfoaYK lKavdhï wj;eka jQ
mqoa.,hska iu. l;d lsrSug l|jqre
j,g msg;a lr yrsk ,oS' l|jqre j,
mej;s wia:djr ;;ajhka ksid ^úisreKq
ck.ykh" mrsmd,kfha iy iykdOdr
fn∞ oSfï ≥r®j,;djhka" l|jqre
jeiSfï yd ksis m%udKhg jvd .d,a ùfï
;r®ckhka& fujeks §WmfoaYlhkaZ¶
ksr;=rej Tjqkaf.a ieis jdr
idudkHfhka ;udf.a l:dj lSu ioyd
ldxidfjka hq;= jk úYd, jHdl+,
msrsila iu. nj jdr®;d lf<ah' ;jo"
fuu ieis mqoa.,hkag jvd;a .eUqre
Wmldrhka fyda miq-úmrï wjia:djka
lsysmhlao bosrsm;a lf<ah' fujeks
w;aoelSï ksrka;rfhkau
§WmfoaYlhskajZ¶ hgm;a lr oeuq iy
bÉPdNx.jQ yeÛSï iu. b;=re lrjkq
,eîh'
iqkdñ jHikhg fmr jir .kkdjla
;siafia mej;s ikakoaO .egqï ikaor®Nh
;=, fuu osia;s%lalfha ufkda idudcSh
ueosy;aùï osh;a l, mqoa.,hka iy
ixúOdkhka u.ska meyeos,sju óg
m%;súreoaO m%fõYhla fhdackd lf<ah'
fuu mr®hdjf,dalh jHikfhka miq
fuu W.% wjosfhaoS n,mEug ,lajQ
mqoa.,hkaf.a iudc iy fN!;sl
wjYH;d fidhd ne,Su Wmldr
iemhSfï uQ,sl wdlD;sh
f,ig m%uqL;ajh ,enqks'
Á ,xldj
Tjqkaf.a w;aoelSï fyda
fkdi,ld
wmyiq;djka ms<sn| Tjqka
úiskau ixjdohla wdrïN
l,fyd;a muKla osú .,jd.;a;jqkag
iyfhda.d;aul ijkaoSu iy §ñ;=rka fia
fmkS isàuZ¶ Wkka≥q l,o wdrïNl
ueos;aula jYfhka §WmfoaYl¶Z
W;aiyhka b;d ;oska wffOr®hu;a lrk
,oS' fuu u;h fuu osia;s%lalfha ñka
fmr fiajd iemhSfï w;aoelSï u.ska
fukau ms,s.;a cd;sl iy cd;Hka;r
u.fmkaùï u.skao fuu u;h ;yjqre
lr we;'
fuu m%fõYh meyeos,sju §Ñls;ail¶Z
f,i fmfkk ls%hdlrlï wvqfõ
ksrEmkhla úh' ksoiqkla jYfhka fjka
jqkq <uhska iu. ls%hdlrk wdh;k
úiska <uhskaj mjqf,a idudcslfhl= fyda
mqre≥ /ln,d .kafkl= iu. kej;
tla lsrSug W;aiy orhs' iuyfrla
l|jqre j, ,sx.sl w;jrhka ms,sn|
ldka;djka f.a ie,ls,su;a ùï i|yd
l|jqre N+ñh ;=,u ldka;djkag
ksod.ekSug iy kEug wdrCIs; iA:dk
iQodkï lsrSu u.ska m%;spdr olajhs'
wfkla wh wdOdr ,nd .ekSu" jkaos"
ksjdi iy wj;eka jQjkag fndfyda
lror iy wúksYaÑ;;djkag m;alrkq
,nk fjk;a lrekq j,g wod,
ls%hdudr®.hka ms<sn|j meyeos,s ,sÅ;
f;dr;=re ksl=;a lrk f,ig rdcH
uvl,mqfõ ufkda idudcSh wxYfha udkj
ys;jdoS m%;spdrhka iS.% f,i jHma;
ùu;a iu. wdOdrl wdh;k fuu
wdh;khkaf.a ueosy;aùï m%udKh
jeälsrSug n, l, isá w;r kj
ls%hdorhka fCI;%hg we;=¨ úh' úúO
ls%hd;aul wdh;k úfYaIs; jQ
ck.ykhka iu. ls%hd lsrSug Tjqkaf.a
we;s leue;a; ksid tlsfkld u;g
fmr,Sug .;a fyhska .egqï iy
fkd-tlÛ;djhka u;=úh' ksoiqkla
jYfhka oekgu;a fjk;a wdh;khla
Bg iudk ls%hdlrlï wrnd we;s
l|jqrl <uhska iu. fi,a,ï ls%hd
lsrSu' fld<U fyda fjk;a rglska
meñfKk mqyqKqlrejkag iy Wmldrl
ls%hdorhkag m%dfoaYSh ;;ajhka"
yelshdjka fyda wjYH;djhka ms<sn|j
yd;amiska wmyiqfjka-W.;a mdvï
yer we;'
m%udkj;a f;dr;=re fkd,efí'
f.da,Shj iy YS% ,dxlShj ufkda idudcSh
ls%hd ioyd jQ úúO kHdhd;aul iy
m%dfhda.sl m%fõYhka uvl,mqj ;=,
wkql,l ufkda idudcSh wxYhla
jr®Okh ioyd wNsfhda.hka bosrsm;a
lrhs' foaYShj iy f.da,Shj fuu
fCI;%fha we;s jdohkaf.a újdod;aul
iajrEmh úúO jQ mr®hdjf,dalhka iy
l%ufõohka ;ks rduqjla ;=,g ilid
.ekSu wmyiq lr we;' flfia fj;;a
uvl,mqj osia;%slalh ;=, ufkda idudcSh
ls%hd lrkakkaf.a mqΩ,a taldnoaO ùu
Yla;su;a lsrSug kï fujeks m%fõYhla
f.dvke.Su fjkaj lghq;= lsrSug jgd
w;HjYH nj fmkakqï lrhs'
fï jk úg ufkda idudcSh ls%hdorhkaf.a
lKavdhu1 úiska bosrsm;a lrk ,o
ixl,amSh rduqj Ndú;d lrñka mj;S'
foaYShj fukau f.da,Shj ksr;=rej
is≥jkakdjQ m%jk;djhla fuka - fiajd
iemhSfïoS m%cd ixjr®Okh iy udkisl
fi!LH m%fõYhka w;r oaúOdlrKhla
biau;= lsrSu je,elaùug W;aiy orñka
we;' foAYSh iïm;a m%udKj;a fkdùu
hk ikaor®Nh ;=, - úfYaIfhkau
w;sYh fYdalS fyda W.% wjia:djl isák
FMR iqkdñ - Y%S ,xldj
mYapd;a iqkdñ ufkda idudcSh ls%hdlrlï j, wdjr®ckh
33
UNICEF/HQ05-0173/Shehzad Noorani
u.ska l=ula fyda
m%fhdackj;a hula /ialr
.; yel'
mqoa.,hka úfYaI{hla fj; fhduq
lsrSfïoS ,nd .; yels ish¨u fiajdjka
icSúlsrSfï iy Yla;su;a lsrSfï
m%dfhda.sl wjYH;djhla we;'
fï jk úg osia;%slalh ;=, ,nd .;
yels ufkda idudcSh ueosy;aùï ioyd
ksoiqka jYfhka iafõÉPd fiajlhkaf.a
w;aoelSï ms,sn| f;dr;=re wkdjrkh
lr .ekSu" mqoa.,sl fiajdodhlhka
ioyd WmfoaYk ieis" udkislj
frda.SjQjka ioyd ufkda Ñls;ail
ueosy;aùï" jeäysáhka ioyd f;a meka
lKavdhï ieliSu iy mqoa.,hskaf.a
ke;sjQ mjq,a j, ksfjia ne,Sug hdu'
;jo" fjkajQ <uhskaj Tjqkaf.a
leue;af;ka f;dard .kakd {d;sfhl=
iu. ;djld,sl ms,soeÛ=ï-/ln,d
.ekSu ioyd ie,iqï lsrSu" l|jqre j,
wj;eka jQ <uhska fjkqfjka l%uj;a
fi,a,ï l%shd we;s w;r ,sx.sl w;jrh
fyda m%pKav;ajh ms<sn| wjOdku iy
ìh ;=rka lsrSu ioyd c,h iy
ikSmdrCIl myiqlï ia:dk.; lsrSfïoS
ldka;djka f.ka iy <uhska f.ka
f;dr;=re úuiSu iy;sl lsrSfï
W;aiyhkao we;'
óg wu;rj" fuhska l%udkql+, fyda
;sridr jQfha iaj,amhla jqjo;
.=rejrekag" fi!LH fiajlhskag"
m%cd-uQ, ls%hdorhkag" iy iafõÉPd
fiajlhska ioyd úYd, jYfhka
mqyqKqùï ,nd fok ,oS' flfia fj;;a
iajhx-ksfhda.hkag muKla hg;a jqKq
ndysrska fmd<Ujk ,o ufkda idudcSh
fiajdjka iemhSfï h:dr®:h .;a l,
osia;s%lalh ;=, ls%hd lsrSug wdrïN
lrk ,oaojqka iu. M,odhS f,i
fhduqùu ñi fjk;a úl,amhka b;d
wju nj fmkakqï lrhs'
iqj lsrSu iy hy meje;au ioyd jk
jD;suh iy idïm%odhsl m%fõYhka
iuyr wjia:dj,oS wix.; fõ'
iïmQr®Kfhkau fjkia jQ idrOr®uhka
iy wdlD;Ska fjkqfjka fmkSisák
m%fõYhka iïnkaO lsrSu ms,sn| i;H
ie,ls,su;aùï we;' jD;suh ueosy;aùï
j, meyer yersh fkdyels nj iy
.eñ$m%dfoAYSh mr®hdjf,dalhka fjkqfjka
we;s lemùu w;r wd;;sh" iqkdñ
jHikh is≥ùfïoS kej; jrla l,ska
ioyka jQjg mCIj úioS we;'
.=Kd;aul ufkda idudcSh fiajdjka
msysgqùu iy mj;ajd f.k hdu
ms<sn|j jQ wNsfhda.hka .ek YS% ,xldj
yd;amiska wmyiqfjka-W.;a mdvï iy
;sridr iy iudc ixialD;slj-WÑ;
ueosy;aùï ms<sn| fyd| ksoiqka
fkdi,ld yer we;' wdOdr lrkakkaf.a
n,mEu" YS% ,xldfõ ufkda idudcSh
jevigyka ms<sn| iqΩ fir oekqula
we;s fiajd uvq,a,l .,d tau" foaYSh
wdh;khkays m%f,aLkhkaf.a ysÛlu
fyda wdh;kfha u;lh" iy wka;r®ixialD;sl ufkda idudcSh fiajdjka
msysgqùug we;s lemùfï wvq nj hk
ish,a, fuu fkdie,ls,su;a njg odhl
ù we;' flfia fj;;a n,mEug ,lajQ
ck.ykfha fndfyda wmyiq;djhka
^nyq-úfhdaj" mqkrdjr®;kh jk wj;eka
ùu" cSjk udr®. wysñ ùu" iudc
N+ñldjka wjq,a ùu" fyda <uhskaf.a
fjkaùu& jir .kkdjl me;sr mej;s
.egqïldrS iufhaoS w;aolsk ,o
wysñùï iy w;ayod ne,Sï j,g iudk
nj f;areï .ekSu j,lajk ,oafoa
iqkdñ jHikfha widudkH iajNdjh úh
yel' iuyr úg miqj ioyka lrk
,oao iu. .kq fokq lsrSug jevigyka
flakaøSh m%;spdrhkaf.a iy .eñ
mshjrhkaf.a idr®:l;ajhka mrSCIdlsrSu
§fndfyda blauk" fõ.fha
wvq nj hk m%;HCIh
iqkdñ úm;g m;a
ck.ykhg m%fõYhla
i,id osh hq;= fhda.H
iy .=Kd;aul fiajdjka
iemhSfïoS muKg jvd
WÑ; njla fmfkkakg
;sfí' iqkdñ úm;ska
n,mEug ,lajQ mqoa.,hka
fjkqfjka lrkakdjQ iS>%
ueosy;aùug we;s ndysr
lemùu" Wmldr
wjHjkakka ioyd
;r®ldkaú; iy ix.;
ueosy;aùï ,nd oSu ioyd
we;s ie,ls,a, fjkqfjka
tlsfkld w;r ie,iqï
lsrSu iy iïnkaëlrKh
lsrSu ioyd wdh;ksl
wjYH;djhla .ek jQ
oekqj;a nj u.ska
mkakrh iy u.
fmkajkq ,o ùu
;SrKd;aulh' jHikfhka udi
lsysmhlska miq jQjo" ueosy;aùï j,g
os.=-ld,Sk ^iy bjis,sjka;& m%fõYhla
.kakd ,o wdrïNlhka Tjqkaf.a
fiajdj, idr®:l;ajfha iy ;sridrnfõ
wr®:fhka oekgu;a m%:sM,hka fk,d
.ksñka mj;S'
wdkkao .,mam;a;s Intervention
^ueosy;aùu& iÛrdfõ l;D iy
Mangrove ufkda idudcSh Wmldrl iy
iïnkaëlrK wxYfha ufkda idudcSh
WmfoaYl $ iïnkaëldrl jYfhka
lghq;= lrhs' (www.themangrove.
blogspot.com). úoHq;a ;emE,:
agalaps@eureka.lk
wdkkao .,mam;a;s úiska 2005" fj¨u
3" wxl 1" msgqj 65-69" Intervention
^ueosy;aùu& iÛrdfõ rÑ; §iqkdñfhka
miq ufkda idudcSh ls%hdldrlï( kef.
kysr YS% ,xldfõ" uvl,mqfjys fiajd
iemhSfï wNsfhda.hka (Psychosocial
work in the aftermath of the tsunami:
challenges for service provision in
Batticaloa, Eastern Sri Lanka) hk
,smsfhka Wmqgd .kakd ,oS' Intervention
^ueosy;aùu& hkq hqOuh .egqï mj;sk
m%foaYhka j, udkisl fi!LH" ufkda
idudcSh ls%hdldrlï iy WmfoaYkh
ms,sno oekqu fnod yerSu fjkqjka
lemjQ iÛrdjls' iïnkaëlre( Guus van
der Veer, Editor-in-chief, Intervention,
Tulpenburg 31" 1181 NK Amstelveen,
The Netherlands' *elaia ¤31 20 647
4580' úoHq;a ;emE,: intervention@wtfi.nl
1.www.forcedmigration.org/psychosocial
iqkdñhg yiqj ñh
.sh iajlSh
uj$ñ;a;◊h f.a
†h◊h$fidhq˙h f.a
fidfydka u;
bámkaoï o,ajk
ujla iy mq;=ka
fofofkla" msh†.u"
yslalvqj" Á ,xldj
34
FMR iqkdñ - Y%S ,xldj
iqkdñfhka miq Y%S ,xldfõ cSjfkdamdhhka
ihsuka yersia
Y%S ,xldfõ cSjfkdamdhka iqkdñfha uQ,sl úkdYhg yiqjQjd muKla
fkdj tajd rcfha iy udkjohdjdoS iyk m%cdfõ mYapd;a wdmod
m%;spdrd;aul m%;sm;a;s iy Ndú;dj, n,mEugo k;= ùh'
y
ysoS bosrsm;a lrkafka wj;eka jQ
mqoa.,hsska iy iyk fiajlhska
úiska iqkdñfhka udi 5lg muK
miq l;=jrhdg bosrsm;al, ;u w;a±lSï
ms<sn| l:dj, idrdxYhhs' tajd ;=<
mYapd;a iqkdñ Y%S ,xldfõ u;=ù we;s
cSjfkdamdhka ms<sn| flakaøSh jdo
úIhhka lSmhla u;= ù ;sfí' tajd w;r
úfYaI jkafka ;rÛldrS udkjohdjdoS
nyqwdh;ksl ueosy;aùïj, n,mEu"
m%;sixialrK lr®udka;fha n,mEu"
;ykïl, fjr< ;Srfha n,mEï iy
rcfhka jkaos ,nd .ekSfïoS we;sjk
mudùï jeks ldrKhkah'
ëjr ldr®ñlhd
;u fndaÜgqj iqkdñfhka úkdYhg m;ajQ
ëjrfhla .ksuq' th idudkH ud:Z
m%udKhla w,a,d .ekSug Woõ jQ
fndaÜgqjla úh' th Tyq Okj;a lsˉug
m%udKj;a fkdjqko Tyqg hym;a „ú;hla
.;lsˉug m%udKj;a úh' ;ukag fjk;a
fndaÜgqjla ,nd£ug rch b†˙m;a ù
isáh;a udi .Kkla n,df.k isáho
lsisjla is≥ù fkdue;' flfiajqjo"
iqkdñfhka miq cd;Hka;r udkjys;jd°
ixúOdk fuys meñKshy' bka we;euqkag
m%cd idlÉPd iy iyNd.s;aj l%u u.ska
ëjrhkaf.a wjYH;dj,g ms<s;=re
,ndfokafka flfia±hs ±k .ekSug
wjYH jQfha ;uka fj; ;snQ uqo,a yels
muK blauKska úhoï lsˉughs' Tjqkag
wjYHjQfha ëjrhdg Khla" m%odkhla fyda
we;eïúg iuQmldr tl;=jl fldgila
fyda ,nd°ughs' tla rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdkhla ëjrhkag wΩ;a rej,a Tre
,nd°ug leue;af;ka isáfhah' ;j;a
ixúOdkhla tla mqjrhlska iukaú;
úYd, fndaÜgq ,nd ≥ka w;r ;j;a
ixúOdk msg;ska iúlrk fudagr® iys;
fndaÜgq ,nd fokakg Wkka≥jla ±laùh'
b†ka ëjrhkag ;snqfka f;dard.ekSu
ms<sn| m%Yakh' ëjrfhl=g jvq
ldr®ñlfhl= fyda fïikajrfhl= fyda f,i
m%;smqyqKqjla ,nd.ekSug yels ùh'
ke;fyd;a m˙>kl Ndú;h ms<sn|
mqyqKqjla ,nd .;yels úh' tfia;a
ke;fyd;a ;j;a foaYSh rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdkhla msysgqjd wdOdr uqo,a
,efnkakg mgka.;a od isg u;=ù we;s
ish .Kkla jQ tjka ixúOdk iu. ;rÛ
l, yels úh'
ëjr Tn l=ula lrkafkao@ ëjrfhl=f.a
Trej ydkshg m;ajQj;a th t;rï
nrm;, fkdfõ' ukaoh;a Tyqf.a ñ;=frda
fudagr® iys; úYd, fndaÜgq b,a,d isák
ksidh' Tjqkag .eUqre uqyqog hkakg
yelsjk w;r jeäfhka uiqka we,a,Sug o
yelsfõ' we;euqka lshk m˙†" uqyqfoka
fïjk úg;a wjYH m%udKhg jvd uiqka
w,a,df.k ;sfnk w;r fï fndaÜgq ksid
fï m%Yakh ;j;a ;Sõr jkq we;' tkuq;a
th wkd.;hg ndr lghq;a;ls' ëjrhdg
wo ojfia° „j;aùu wjYHhs"
;rÛldˉùu wjYHhs'
fjf<kaod
iqkdñhg fmr Tn iqΩm%udKfha
fjf<kafol=j isáfhah' ≥mamf;l= fkdjQ
Tyqf.a fj<odu ire úh' Tyqf.a ksji
ùkdY jqj;a th kej; iod .ekSug
wjir fkd,efí' Bg fya;=j Tyqf.a bvu
fÄojdplh is≥ù †k lSmhla ;=, rch
úiska m%ldYl, f.dvke.Sï ;yxÑ
l,dmh ;=< msysgd ;sîuhs' Tyqf.a
fj<odu ì| jeà we;' th wf;a we;s
uqo,aj,ska lrf.k .sh jHdmdrhla jQ
w;r ta i|yd ;u foam, ys,õ lr
úYd, Khla ,ndf.k ;snqKs' ±ka ksji
ke;sù ;snqKo Kh f.jk f,i nexl=j
b,a,d isà' kuq;a Tmamq uqyqog .idf.k
f.dia we;s ksid;a whs;sh kej; ;yjqre
lr.ekSu °r®> iy ixlSr®K l%shdj,shla
ksid;a jka† ,nd .ekSu wmyiq ù we;'
fjk;a whg fukau Tyqgo rCIK
wdjrKhla ;snqfka ke;' kej;
f.dvke.Sfï yelshdj Tyqg ;snqKo th
±ˉug fkdyelsjkafka iqkdñfhka miq
wuqøjHj, ñ, b;d by, f.dia we;s
ksidh' f.dvke.s,s lïlrejkaf.a mä
f;.=Khlska jeäù we;s ksid;ah' tfy;a
rch mjikafka bvu flfiajqj;a ksji
Tyqg whs;s fkdjk njhs' Bg fya;=j
fjr< wdrCIK mk; hgf;a 1981 isg
fï m%foaYfha f.dvke.Sï ;ykï lr
;snqfka hehs lshk ksidh' kuq;a fï
fr.=,dis Tjqka jir 20la uq¨,af,a
l%shd;aul lr fkdue;'
±ka Tyq mdie,a l%Svdx.khl Tyqf.a
mjqf,a idud‚lhska iu. l=vdrula ;=,
„j;afjhs' tfia isákafka Bg lsf,da ógr®
lSmhla Tífnka uvj.=rla woaor msysgqjd
we;s ixl%dka;s l|jqrlg hEfï
n,dfmdfrd;a;= we;sjhs' ta l|jqfr® ,sxj,
c,h ¨Kq ri ksid thg ffokslj c,h
f.k tkakg is≥ ù ;sfí' fï l|jqr
msysgd ;sfnkafka miq.sh wjqre≥ 15 ;=,
.egqu ;=,ska wj;ekajQ mqoa.,hska
„j;ajk ;djld,sl ksfjia wi,h' m,d;a
md,k wdh;kfhka udislj wdydr i,dl
iy iqΩ uqo,la Tyqg ,efíhs' th
„j;ajkakg muKla iEfya' Tyq fjk;a
;eklg .shfyd;a Tyqf.a fj<|
yelshdjka fhdod f.k wΩ;ska hula
werôh yelsh' kuq;a tfia .shfyd;a Tyq
;ksfõ' tkï rcfha wdOdr fyda fjk;a
lsisjla fyda fkd,efí' foaYSh rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdkhla lshd isákafka
ñksiaiqkag l=vd jHdmdr mgka .ekSu
i|yd uq,H m%;smdok ,nd°ug iSÜgq
l%uh hgf;a Kh l%uhla mgka .kakd
njhs' Tjqka m%ldY lrkafka t:Zjka iy
l=l=,ka we;s lsrSug fok iq:Z uqo,la
ms<sn|jhs' Tyqg remsh,a 50"000 l
ffoksl wdodhula ;snQ w;r fiajlhka
miafofkla /lshdfõ ksr;j isáhy'
wr®O mqyqKq lïlrejd
Tyq wr®O mqyqKq f.dvke.s,s lr®udka;fha
kshe,S isák lïlrefjls' iqkdñhg fmr
cSú;h lgql jQfhah' /lshd fiùu i|yd
ks;r k.rhg .uka lsrSu is≥jQ w;r
tfia jqjo fndfydaúg y˙ yeá /lshdjla
fidhd.ekSug wiSre úh' iqkdñhg miq
;djld,sl kjd;eka" ixl%dka;s l|jqre iy
i:sr ksjdi ;ekSïj, wjYH;dj jeäùu
ksid f.dvke.s,s lr®udka;fha úYd,
jHdma;shla we;s úh' w:Z;a mdie,a
b†lsˉï, .ukd.uk udr®. w:Z;ajeähdj
lsˉu iy md,ï b†lsˉfï wjYH;dj
iqkdñfhka miq W.% úh' fï ksid b†lsˉï
lr®udka;fha fõ;k iy /lshd
wenEr®;=j, by, hEula we;s úh' fï
wkqj n,k l, Tyq uqyqK ≥ka iqnodhl
is≥ùu jkafka iqkdñh we;sùuhs' kuq;a
iuyrúg Tyq fuu f.j,a yd wfkla
b†lsˉïj,ska miq l=ula fõo hkak .ek
is;kjd úh yel' Tyq iqkdñfhka miq
,nk ffoksl fõ;kh jQ remsh,a 750
kej; iqkdñhg l,ska fõ;kh jQ remsh,a
250 fj; hkafka flfiao@ ±kg jD;a;Sh
mqyqKq lghq;=j, fhfok rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdkj,ska msgjk jvq ldr®ñlhkaf.ka
iy fïikajrekaf.ka foaYSh /lshd
fj<ofmd,g we;sjk n,mEu l=ulao@
fuu mYapd;a jHik m%;sixialrK
lr®udka;h °r®>ld,Sk ixjr®Okhg
W;af;aclhla fjhso@ ke;fyd;a
udkjys;jd° wdOdr fok ixúOdk bj;aj
.sh miq fuu ish:Zu foa wekysàúo@
Wv isg my;g tk m%;spdrhla f,i
fndfyda wh i,lk rcfha 1981 fjr<nv
ixrCIK mk; kej; l%shd;aul lsˉfuka
fjrf,a isg ógr® 100 l m%foaYh ;=<
f.dvke.Sï lghq;= ;ykï lrk ,°'
fuu ;yxÑh ksid iqkdñfhka wj;eka jQ
oyia .kka ckhd yg ;ukaf.a „úldj
lr.ekSfï yd l,ska ;snqKq ;u f.j,a
fodrj,a idod.ekSfï whs;sh wysñ úh'
fuu fjr<nv ixrCIK m%;sm;a;sh m%n,
iqkdñfhka miq Y%S ,xldfõ cSjfkdamdhhka
35
Paul Jeffrey/ACT International
FMR iqkdñ - Y%S ,xldj
md˙i˙l ;r®l ^lfvd,dk j.dj iy je,s
l≥ kej; ia:dmkh lsˉu& iy yosis
wjia:d i|yd iQodkïùu ms<sn| ;r®l
^wkd.; wdmodj,ska is≥úh yels ydks
wvq lsˉu i|yd fN!;sl wdrCIK
l,dmhla b†lsˉu& .ek wjOdkhla fhduq
l,o foam, whs;sh iy „jfkdamdhka
w;r ;sfnk wka;r® iïnkaO;dj
ms<sn|j ie,ls,su;a ù we;af;a uo
jYfhks' fjr<nv m%foaYj, we;s bvï
N=la;sh yd iïnkaO m%Yakldˉ ffk;sl
;;a;ajh iy bvï Tmamq fkdue;sj
whs;sh lshdmEuo hk lreKq ksid ke;sjQ
foam, fjkqfjka rdcH jkaos ,nd.ekSu
°r®> iy ixlr®K l%shdj,shla ùug
fnfyúka bv ;sfí' ta ld,h ;=,
„jfkdamdhka kj;d oukakgo is≥fõ'
iqkdñfhka jvd mSvdjg m;a fldgila
jkafka ëjr m%cdjhs' rch úiska ëjr
m%cdjf.a ke;sjqKq „jfkdamdhka kej;
m%;sia:dmkh lsˉug fmdfrdka≥ ù we;'
tfia jqjo fujeks whe≥ï úNd.lsˉu
i|yd rdcH ks,n, ;ka;%hg yelshdjla
fkdue;s ksid ta ;=,ska jka† ,nd°u
iïnkaOfhka w;súYd, m%udohla we;s ù
;sfí' fï wjldYh msrùu i|yd
udkjohdjd° wdOdr ixúOdk b†˙m;a ù
;sfí' tfia jqjo fï i|yd foaYsh iy
cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk
fhdod.kakd w;súYd, uqo,a m%udKh ksid
w;sYhska ;rÛldˉ jd;djrKhla we;sù
;sfí' ëjr fndaÜgq ms<sn| WodyrKh
olajk m˙† Ñ;a;dlr®IKsh „jfkdamdh
iïm;a ,nd°u ;=,ska fkdfhl=;a wdOdr
ixúOdk ;u wjldYh i|yd ;rÛ jeo
isá;s' ëjrhskag ;u jD;a;sh ;=,
iS.%fhka kej; kshe,Sfï yelshdj ;sfnk
ksid fujeks Ndú;dka úiska „jfkdamdhka
wrnhd fláld,Sk jdis w;am;alr °
we;' tkuq;a °r®>ld,Skj OrKSh
cSjfkdamdhka iïnkaOfhka úkdYldˉ
;;a;ajhka we;s lr,Sug bv ;sfí'
m%dfoaYsh iïnkaO;d u; we;sù ;sfnk
n,mEï" fj<ofmd, Od˙;dj iy
iajNdjOr®uh u; we;sù we;s n,mEï"
úYaf,aIKh lsˉfï° m%cdiyNd.s;ajhla
fkdue;sj ie,iqï úrys;j imhd fok
iïm;a ksid ±kg mj;sk ëjr iïm;a
iS.%fhka úkdYùfï bv lv ;sfí'
fu;=,ska °r®>ld,Skj „jfkdamdhkag
;r®ckh t,a, úh yels w;r ±kgu;a
ckjdr®.sl wr®nqohla mj;sk .egqï
jd;djrKhla ;=, wka;r® ckjdr®.sl
wd;;sh jeäùugo bv ;sfí'
mYapd;a iqkdñ Y%S ,xldfõ ch.%dylhska
fukau mrd‚;hska hk fofldgiu isá;s'
wr®O mqyqKq lïlrejdf.a WodyrK
fmkajdfok m˙† f.dvke.s,s b†lsˉfï
lr®udka;h fmr fkdjQ úrE †hqKqjla
w;aú¢ñka isà' ish .kKska ìysù we;s
kj cd;Hka;r udkjohdjd° wdOdr
jevigykaj,g fiajd iemhSu i|yd b≥ï
ysgqï yd m%jdyk wxYfha kj fjf<o
fmd,j,ao ìys ù ;sfí' wjdikdjlg
fuka" fï kj wjia:d fome;a; lefmk
wism;la f,i l%shd;aul fõ' tkï"
tu.ska we;euqkag ;djld,sl iuDëhla
,nd ≥kako wka whg NdKaav yd fiajd
imhd .ekSfuys,d oe˙h fkdyels
;;a;ajhla Wod lrjhs'
mYapd;a iqkdñ „jfkdamdhhka rdcH
m%;sm;a;s iy m˙md,kh" lïlre
wjYH;dj, we;sfjk fjkialï"
fjf<ofmdf,a m%uqL;d yd b,a,Sï" jHik
m%foaYj, l%shd;aul jk w;s úYd,
ixLHdjla jQ foaYSh yd cd;Hka;r
udkjohdjd° wdOdr ixúOdk wd†h
iómj ne° mj;S' ld,Sk" ixúOdkd;aul"
l%fudamdhsk yd iudkd;au;d mokï u;
„jfkdamdhhka ms<sn| m%Yakh wduka;%Kh
lsˉug CIKsl l%shdjka wjYH fõ' tfia
lsˉfï° m%;sm;a;s yd Ndú;djka m%foaYfha
„j;ajk ckhd iuÛ wkql,kh lrk
njg;a" ;SrK .ekSu yd m˙ir iq/
lSu yd wdmodj ksid is≥jk ydksodhl
;;a;ajhka wju úu flfr® wjOdkh
fhduq l< hq;=h' tfia fkdjQjfyd;a"
iqkdñfhka jvd;au mSvdú¢ fldgia i|yd
°r®>ld,Sk OrKsh „jfkdamdhka idlaId;a
lr.ekSug we;s yelshdj fnfyúka
wvqjkq we;'
ihsuka ye˙ia uE;l° Tlaia*r®â
iriùfha irKd.; wOHk flakaøfha
mYapd;a Wmdê wOHhkh ksulf,ah'
tfukau Tyq l%sia;shdks wdOdr ixúOdkfha
(Christian Aid) Y%S ,xldfõ iqkdñ
CIKsl wdOdr iïnkaëldrlhdh' úoHQ;a
;emE,( sharris@christian-aid.org.
ëjrfhla iajlSh ±,
mˉCId lrhs" fma≥re
;=vqj" hdmkh" Á
,xldj
36
FMR iqkdñ - Y%S ,xldj
ihuilska miq( ìh.ekaùïj,g uqyqKfoñka
,skavka fc*,aia
UNHCR wdh;kh Á ,xldj ;=, úis wjqreoaola ;siafia flˉf.k
hk isú,a hqoaOh ksid wj;eka jQ ckhdg 1987 isgu wdrCIddj
,nd°fï iy Woõ Wmldrlsˉfï jevlghq;=j, ksr; ù isà' tfiau
mYapd;a-iqkdñ udkjohdjd° wr®nqohg Á ,xldj uqyqK ° isák
neúka UNHCR wdh;kh th iukh lsˉfï wáfhka iajlSh
l%shdld˙;ajh mqΩ,a fldg ;sfí'
2
004 wjqreoafoa 26 jk∞ Wfoa 9'30g
muK fï˙ f;fr®id rdf–iajrkag"
weiqKq Yíoh ,Û tk g%la r:hl
y~la úh yels hehs wE is;=jdh'
uq,a;ekaf.hs msisñka isá fï˙ ta .ek ±ä
wjOdkh fhduq lf<a lEflda .eiSï yd
ú,dm y~ uOHfha ke.=Kq fjk;a
f.daidjlao ksidh' §kka;kS¶ kï jQ wef.a
†h◊h w;ska w,a,d.;a fï˙ l,nE.ekshg
fya;=j fidhkakg f.hska t<shg neiaidh'
.fï ms˙ia fõ.fhka ixfldapkh jk uqyqo
foig ≥jkjd wehg ±l.kakg ,eìK'
fudfyd;lska wä 15la Wie;s udrl /,a,
;ud foig fõ.fhka tk wkaou fï˙
≥gqjdh' b†s˙fha ;snqKq f.dvke.s,af,a je°
/,af,a ier nd, jQ weis,af,a kka;kSj;a
/f.k fñ˙ msïfï ≥jkakg mgka .;a;dh'
mdr fl<jr ù we;s nj f;areï.;a fï˙
wdmiq yeˉ ≥jkakg ierfi;au fõ.fhka
wd /,a, wehj;a kka;kSj;a wiqre ie◊ka
/f.k f.dia lïì jegla Wv /f|õjdh'
lïì lKqjla tla w;lska †h◊h wksla
w;skq;a w,a,d.;a fï˙ ure úl,af,ka
/,a, iu. fmdr ne≥jdh' ;uka l< lS
foa ish,a, wehg meye†,s u;lgh k.d
.; yels jQfha /,a, neis .shdhska miqjh'
UNHCR Sri Lanka/Kara Wayman
wïmdr" Á
,xldj
weÛm; lemS iS˙ f.dia y;s ouñka isá wE
kka;kSj wdrCId iys; ;ekl ;nd yh
yeú˙† ;u mq;d fidhkakg mgka .;a;dh'
y;r w;g ùis fjñka mq;dj wka;su
j;djg ≥gq ;ekg weh meñfK;au fojk
udrl /,a, meñK kej;;a wehj /f.k
f.dia lïì jeg Wv m;s; l<dh' §uf.a
weÛg tl mqxÑ fõokdjlaj;a ±kqfka kE¶
weh mejiqjdh' §wfkla ish,a,gu jvd ug
±kqfka uf.a mq;d ke;s jQ fõokdj ú;rhs¶
udrl /,a,g yiqù mehlg wdikak
ld,hla tfya fufya .idf.k hñka isá
fï˙ uqyq≥ j;=fr® wΩ meyeh;a WKqiqï
.;sh;a isysm;a l<dh' lΩ j<dl=,ska nr jQ
w∫re wyi .ek úia;r l< fï˙
fkdlvjd weo yeΩKq jeiai .ek;a lSjdh'
miqj fï˙f.a mjqf,a Woúhg wehj yuqjQ
fõf,a frday,g hdu wE m%;sfCIam l<dh'
§ta fj,dfõ ug jeo.;a Wfka uf.a
mq;df.a wdrCIdj' thd fyd¢ka bkakjo
lsh,d ±k.kakl,a ug hkav ´kE Wfka
kE¶ weh m%ldY l<dh' t∞u ijia hdufha
fï˙f.a mq;d f.or meñ◊fhah' iqkdñ r<
nei hkf;lau Tyq ;u mdief,a
/ljrKh ,nd ;snq◊' iekiqï iqiqula
fyΩE fï˙j" blaì;af;ka" fma≥re ;=vqj
frday, fj; f.k hkq ,eîh' nrm;,
f,i iS˙" w;mh weUˉ" lemqï ;=jd,
iys;j isá fï˙g ueyqï y;la oukakg
is≥ úh'
§wfma tlaflkd fï ojiaj, riaidj
lrkafka kE fndaÜgqj leä,d yka∞¶ fï˙
mejiqjdh' §iqkdñfhka miafia uqyqo whsfka
„j;afjkav wms yefudau nhhs' ±ka wms
bkafka ógr 750la rg wNHka;rgh
fjkav' wkd.f;a we;sjk iqkdñj,ska
fífrkav¶' fï˙f.a mjq,;a weh jeks
wfkla mjq¨;a ±ka WNf;dafldaáhlg ue†j
isá;s' tkï uqyqo whsfka jdihg kej;
tkjdo keoao hk ldrKhhs' Tjqka tlaflda
mrïmrd .Kkdjla ;siafia „j;a jQ fjr<
m,df;au m†xÑúh hq;=h' ke;a;ï th
w;er .ï ueoaog hd hq;=h' uqyq†ka
wE;a ù „j;aùu wdrCIdjg hym;a kuq;a
uqyqfoka wE;ajQ úg ia:sr wd∞hula
,efnkafkao ke;" f.or hehs Tjqka
fuf;la ye¢kajQ fjrf<a jdih lrkakg
,efnkafka o ke;'
UNHCR ys m%;spdrh
iqkdñfhka miq UNHCR ixúOdkh úiska
160"000 muK ckldhlg ^wj;eka jQ
ms˙ilg& wdydruh-fkdjk iykdOdr
NdKav 500"000 muK fn∞ ° we;' Bg
ma,diaála we;s˙,s" l+vdrï" u≥re ±,a"
uqΩ;ekaf.hs WmlrK yd Ndck" ;=jd"
inka" nd,a†" we∫ï iy fjk;a uQ,sl
NdKav we;=,;a úh' ta jdf.au ixl%u◊l
ksjdi wxYh iïnkaëlrKh lrkakg Á
,xldfõ wdKavqj m%h;ak ±rE wjia:dfõ°
Bg iydhùu ms◊i wms tys,d kdhlFj
N+ñldjla bgqlr we;' fudaiï jeis
werfUkakg fmrd;=j y†is ksjdi b†lsˉï"
m%;sixjr®Ok lghq;=" ;djld,sl ksjdi
b†lsˉï hk l%shdldrlï w;r ksr®udKh
ù ;snq mr;r mshùug wm wfkl=;a
iïnkaOlrejka iuÛ tl;= ù lghq;= lr
we;'
tajdf.au Á ,xldfõ n,dêldˉkaf.a yd
fjk;a udkjohdjd° wdh;kj,
m%fhdackh ms◊i ixl%u◊l
ksjdi msysgqùug w∞, fkdfhl=;a
udr®f.damfoaY f,aLk iy
mqkˉCIK f,aLk o UNHCR
ixúOdkh lr we;' UNHCR
wdh;kfha m%Odk;ajfhka le|jk
,o ksjdi iy ckmo msysgqùu
ms,sn| idlÉPd uKavmfha° .;a
jeo.;a iy;sl ùula jQfha
iqkdñfhka wj;ekajQjka i|yd
ixl%u◊l yd ia:sr ksjdi
b†lsˉfï° ia;%SmqreI iudcNdù"
md˙i˙l yd fjk;a .egΩ
l,amkdjg f.k lghq;= lrk
njhs'
by; wxYh iïnkaëlrKhg
lsˉug wu;rj" fï jkúg
UNHCR wdh;kh hdmkh iy
wïmdr hk †ia;%slal fofla
;djld,sl ksjdi 3000 b†lrñka
isà' iïm;aj,g n,mdk
foaY.=◊l" iudc" m%dfoaYSh jeks
idOl i,ld n,kúg tys
úúO;ajh ksid ta ta ia:dkj,g
wkqrEmj lrk ,o ksjdi
ie,iqï o tlsfklg fjkiah'
ihuilska miq( ìh.ekaùïj,g uqyqKfoñka
37
UNHCR/M Sivanesan
FMR iqkdñ - Y%S ,xldj
2005 cQks udifha° hdmkfha b†ùug
kshñ; ksjdi 1408 iïmQr®K jk w;r
tujifr®u ^2005& iema;eïnr® jk úg
wïmdr †ia;%slalfha b†jk ixl%u◊l
ksjdi 2442 id∞ ksu lsˉug kshñ;h'
wïmdfr® ;kk ixl%u◊l ksjil
úYd,;ajh ógr 3x4 jk w;r" tu tla
ksjilg fn∞ fjka lrk ,o ldur folla
wh;ajk w;r ksulsˉï is≥jkafka
.e,ajkhsia hlv rduqjla ;=,h' tu
ixl%u◊l ksjdi cd;Hka;r jYfhka
ms,s.;a §SPHERE m%ñ;Skag¶ wkql+,j
b†jk w;r tla tallhl mia fofkl=f.ka
hq;a mjq,lg „j;aúh yelsh' tys†
fmd,jg fhdojk .fvd,a w;a;sjdru ksid
iúu;a ìula ,efnk w;r f.a í;a;s
i|yd ;=kS ,E,s fhd∞.kS' wjYH;djh
m˙† fï ksjdi ;snQ ;ekska .,jdf.k
f.dia ;j;a ;ekl iúlsˉugo yelsh'
fuu ksjdihkays jy<j,a ;kd we;af;a
weΩñkshï ;yvqj,skah' tajd áka
;yvqj,g jvd ñ, wêl jqj;a ;dmhg
Tfrd;a;= fok w;r f.;=, isák Woúhg
iqj∞hl ;;a;ajhlao W∞ lr fokq ,nhs'
f.;=, jdih lrkakkag jd;dY%h ,ndfokq
i|yd jy,h;a í;a;sh;a w;r bvlv ;nd
we;'
hdmkh †ia;%slalh ;=, ksujk fulS ksjdi
moaO;sh fya;=fldgf.k fma≥re ;=vqfõ
l,a,ä .fï jdih lrk fï˙g iy
wef.a wi,ajeis m%cdjg fuu
wdrCIdldˉjq;a" Wiiajq;a l,amj;sk ksjdi
,efnkq we;' fuu ksjil ysñlula ,nk
;j;a mqoa.,fhl= kï fï˙f.a fidfydhqrd
jk ;ñ,.kah' b;du;a wjdikdjka; f,i
Tyqf.a o ì˙|" ksjqka ore fofokd"
kekaoïud" kEkd" uiaiskd iy Tjqkaf.a
†h◊h iqkdñ r< úiska .s, .kq ,eîh'
.egqï ksid ;=kaj;djlau wj;ekajQ 30
yeú˙† ;ñ,.ka hdmkfha udorkalr®ks
.fï Wm; ,enqfjls' fjrf<ka ógr 50la
muK Tífnka msysá Tyqf.a .fï „j;a jQ
.eñhka 189 fofkla iqkdñhg f.d≥re ù
ñh .shy' iqkdñh meñ◊ †k msg;
r;sCoaC∞ mqmqrek yd fjä mqmqrk y~la
wefikakg mgka.;a nj ;ñ,.ka úia;r
lf<ah' Tyqf.a f.or b†˙mi fodr cfk,a
midre lrf.k c,h .,d tkakg mgka
.;s' §fjkafka fudkjo lsh,d ys;d.kakg;a
l,ska ì;a;s fonE lrf.k wdmq j;=r mdr
fmak udkfha ;sfnk Tlafldu fida∞f.k
wrka .shd¶ Tyq mejiqfõh' §uduKaähd
mek,d ksUq,aÆ fokakd n∞ .;a;g j;=r
mdrg Tlafldu .yf.k .shd¶'
ksjiska lsf,da ógrhla wE;g ;ñ,.kajo
.idf.k f.dia ;snQ w;r wjidkfha b;d
wiSrefjka ksji foig tkakg W;aiy
.;a;o .fvd,a leg j, .eàfuka Tyqf.a
mdo folu n,j;a f,i leã ;snqKq neúka
Tyqg weúo.kakg mjd fkdyels úh'
oyj,a jk úg fmd,Sish úiska Tyqj
fidhd.kakd ,°' ;u mjqf,a Woúh .ek
lsis≥ f;dr;=rla fkd±k" hdmkh YsCIK
frdayf,a ojia ;=kla .; lrkakg Tyqg
is≥úh' mjqf,a Woúh ms<sn| oreKq
wdrxÑh Tyq fj; f.k wdfha fjk;a
«;shl= úiskah' mjqf,a Woúh ishΩfokdu
mdfya ke;sùfïka jdjd.; fkdyels
fYdalhlskao udkisl mSvkhlskao jroldˉ
yeÛSulskao fmf<ñka ksrka;rj l,ahjk
;ñ,.ka iEu fjf,au wik tla m%Yakhla
fjhs' §Tlafldu ue˙,d ux ú;rla
b;=rejqfka wehs@¶ ëjrfhl= yeáhg
„úldj f.k .sh ;ñ,.ka yg b;s˙j
fndaÜgqjlao fõ' ±ka ëjr jrdh wjqrdf.k
;snQ iqkanqka bj;a lsˉfï jev lghq;=
isoaOfjñka mj;S' tfy;a fõokdldˉ
u;lfhda ;ñ,.kag ±äfia myyrfoñka
isákakdy' kej;;a uqyq≥ hEu .ek ;ñ,.
ka fufia wr®: olajhs( §uf.a ke;sfjÉp
tjqka wdfh;a l,amkdjg tkjd§'
fï WNf;dafldaálh †jhsfka iqkdñfhka
ydkshg m;a jQ uqΩuy;a m%cdj w;fr®u
rdj m%;srdj kxjñka ;sfí' UNHCR jeks
wdh;khlg wo l< yelsj ;sfnkafka
uqyqo úiska „j;a lrjQ fndfyda fokl=f.a
„ú; uqyqo úiskau ke;sNx. lr ±uQ
wkaou lshoa° Bg weyqïlkafoñka ydkshg
m;a whg Woõ Wmldr lsˉu mu◊'
,skavka fc*,aia fld<U msysá UNHCR
ldr®hd,fha iydhl m%jD;a;s ks,Od˙fhls'
úoHq;a ;emE,( jeffels@unhcr.ch
ixl%u◊l ksjdi iy UNHCR wdh;kh
Á ,xldfõ° ixúOdkh lrk wfkl=;a
lghq;= ms,sn|j oek.ekSu i|yd www.
unhcr.lk fjí wvúhg msúfikak'
UNCHR iykdOdr
fn∞ fohs' fma≥re
;=vqj" Á ,xldj
38
FMR iqkdñ - Y%S ,xldj
NdKav m%jdyKfha° uqyqK ≥ka wNsfhda.
iaàõ ue;sõia
iqkdñh úiska wdishdjg lrk ,o n,mEu ñka fmr fkdjQ úrE
tlla jQ w;r tys n,mEug ,lajQjkaf.a wjYH;d bgqlsˉfï°
iqúYd, NdKav m%jdyK wNsfhda.j,go uqyqK fokakg is≥ úh'
iqkdñ óg wjqre≥ mylg l,ska is≥jqkd kï fï ;rï idOkSh f,i
m%;spdr olajkakg jr®,aâ úIka ixúOdkhg mqΩjkalu ,efnkafka
ke;'
kjohdjd° fufyhqï lghq;=j,
CIkslfhka ksr;jkakg is≥jk ys†is
;;a;ajhkaf.a mek ke.Su flfuka
by< hkakg mgka.;a ksid;a iykdOdr
fn°fï lghq;=j,° ixlSr®K ;;a;ajhka
W∞jkakg mgka.;a ksid;a jr®,aâ úIka
ixúOdkh uyd wdm∞jka we;s jQ wjia:dj,°
fuf;la tajdg m%;spdr ±lajq wkaou
fjkialïj,g Ndckh l<dh' ta jdf.au
jr®,aâ úIka ixúOdkh y†is ;;a;ajhka
u;= jQ wjia:djl° msáka ixjr®Ok ks,Odˉka
n|jd.ekSu fjkqjg" tfia lrñka wmf;a
hk ld,h b;s˙ lr.ekSfï mrudr®:fhka"
mQr®Kld,Sk ldr®hdxYhlao msysgqjd .;a;dh'
CI◊l f.da,Sh m%;spdr n,ldh kñka
ye¢kafjk fï wxYh y†is ;;a;ajhka uyd
m˙udK jYfhka W∞jk nj l,ska ±k
.ekSu" Bg iq∞kïùu iy tajdg m%;spdr
±laùu hkd† lghq;= †h;a lsˉu i|yd
lem ù isà'
iqkdñh úiska fï wxYfha Od˙;dj tys m;=,
olajdu mˉCIdjg ,la fldg ;sìK' §m<uq
ojia ;sy we;=,; wms wfõ ¥m;g;a Y%S
,xldjg;a .=jka .ukajdr ;siafolla
msg;afldg hejqjd¶hs jr®,aâ úIka
ixúOdkfha f.da,Sh fmriq∞kï wxYfha
wOHCIl fcdar®– f*kagka lshd isáfhah'
§óg l,ska wms lj∞lj;a tjeks ±jeka;
fufyhqul fh†,d keye'¶ tajdf.au th
myiq lghq;a;la o fkdfjhs' iuyr
wjia:dj,° ±ä ≥Ialr;d we;sjQfha
ks,Od˙kaf.a ndOd lsˉu ksidh' flfiafj;;a
fndfyduhla NdKav iS.%fhka f.dv nd fn∞
y˙kakg mqΩjka jqj;a r:jdyk fr®äfhda
hka;% jeks wdydruh-fkdjk NdKav" tkï
.egqï mj;sk m%foaYj,† wdrCIdjg
n,mdk tajd jYfhka fndfyda úg .Kka
.efkk NdKav" iefKlskau ks,Od˙kaf.a
ndOdlsˉïj,g f.d≥re jQjdh' tajd ksoyia
lr.ekSu i|yd fndfydafihska ld,h ñvx.=
lsˉug ldr®h uKav,hg is≥ úh'
bka†hdfõ iy ;dhs,ka;fha isák jr®,aâ
úIka ldr®h uKav, iqúYd, tajd neúka"
cd;Hka;r wdOdr jeä y˙hla Y%S ,xldjg
iy bka≥kSiShdjg fhduq fldg" ndysr wdOdr
iqΩ m%udKhlska iEySulg m;aj iajlSh
ldr®hNdrh by< wkaoulska lrf.k hEug
Tjqkg mqΩjka úh' fhdaO /,a, rgg myr
° meh lSmhla we;=,; m%;spdr olajkakg
Y%S ,xldfõ jr®,aâ úIka ldr®huKav,h
iu;a úh' ldr®h uKav,fha
ksr®udKd;aulNdjhg yd lemùug mska
is≥jkakg jydu wdydr" c,h" we∫ï
me<∫ï" ksok me≥re yd fi!LHdrCIl
NdKav úm;g m;ajQjkg imhdfokakg
Tjqkg yels úh' Tjqkaf.a CI◊l m%;spdrh
ksid jr®,aâ úIka ixúOdkfha jir mkia
myl b;sydih ;=, b;d fláld,Sk
±kqï°ul° ixúOdkh l< úYd,;u wdOdr
kej msg;a fldg tjkakg Bg yels úh'
NdKav f;d. tla/ia fldg mj;ajdf.k hk
jr®,aâ õIka ixúOdk i;= .nvd fvkajr®"
yefkdajr®" ì%kaäis" vqndhs hk k.rj, ;sfí'
tu .nvdj, ;snQ øjH iefKlska ,nd.kakd
,o w;r lSkshdfõ bka†hdfõ mlsia:dkfha
;dhs,ka;fha ´iafÜ%,shdfõ iemhqïlrejka
yd m%jdyK iud.ï fhdojd.ksñka"
thdldrfhka .nvd mj;ajdf.k hk fjk;a
ixúOdk i;= ixÑ;o m%fhdackhg f.k"
wvqmdvq jydu imqrd.kakd ,oafoah' fuf,i
mQr®jfhka iQ∞kï lrk io iykdOdr
iemhqï ixÑ; wjYH fõ,dfõ° ksl=;a
lsˉfï jev ms<sfj, b;du;a M,∞hs tlla
nj fuhska Tmamq úh'
w;a±lSï iys; m,mqre≥ ldr®h uKav,hla
isàu;a fujka wjia:djl° b;du;a jeo.;a
idOlhls' brdlfha fudiq,a k.rfha° jr®,aâ
úIka ixúOdkfha idud‚lfhl= ñh hEu;a
rg ;=, wdrCIl ;;a;ajh ms˙yShEu;a
iu.u 2004 Tlaf;danrfha° tu ixúOdkh
iajlSh brdl jevigyk kj;d ±ïudh'
thska f;areïjkafka b;d Wiia m,mqreoaola
iys; iyk fiajlhska .Kkdjlau wΩ;a
ldr®hNdrj,g Wr°u i|yd iQ∞kïj isák
njhs' w;a±lSï iys; m<mqre≥ ms˙ia wm
fj; meñfKkafka fjk;a jD;a;slhka iy
wdh;k iu. Tjqka mj;ajk iïnkaOlï
iu.h' túg W∞ jQ yosis jHdl+, uq,a
ojiaj,°u rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk iu.;a
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a tackais iu.;a blaukskau
ls%hdldˉ in|;d f.dvk.kakg Tjqkg
mqΩjka jk w;r taksidu ldr®hidOkSh f,i
wdOdr fn∞ yeˉu myiq lsˉug;a Tjqkg
mqΩjkajkjd we;'
wkd.;fha° lsˉug
n,dfmdfrd;a;=jkafka fudkjdo@
;u iqkdñ jevigyka wju uÜgñka wjqre≥
mylaj;a mj;ajd f.k hkakg jr®,aâ úIka
ixúOdkh wfmaCId lrhs' ta jevigykaj,g
we;=,;a mqΩ,a mrdihlg wh;a jHdmD;s
m%udKh fufiah( l=vd fj<| jHdmdr i|yd
CIqø jHdmd˙l jr®Okhla ,nd°u"
ksjdi$fj<| jHdmdr$uxudj;a$md,ï
m%;sixialrKh lsˉu" fjr<nv m,d;aj,
kj c, yd fi!LHdrCIl moaO;s we;s
lsˉu" mdie,a yd .ï uÜgñka <uhska
wdrCId lsˉfï lghq;= mqΩ,a lsˉu hkd†hhs'
óg l,ska wdm∞j,g uqyqK foñka
bf.k.;a iuyr mdvï iqkdñ wdm∞jg
uqyqK°fuys,d m%fhdackj;a úh'1 .;jQ
wjqre≥ fol ;=< <ud wdrCIK uQ,m;%
jr®Okh lsˉu ksid Y%S ,xldj" wfÉ m%dka;h
iy bka†hdj ;=< <uhskag ys;lr
wjldYhla ksr®udKh lr.ekSugo
ixúOdkhg yels úh' ;SrK .ekSu cd;sl
ldr®hd, uÜgu olajd úuOH.; l< fyhska
iS.% m%;spdr olajkakg" úfYaIfhka Y%S
,xldfõ° iy bka†hdfõ° mqΩjka úh'
iykdOdr fn∞ yeˉfï ls%hdkaú;j,°
fndfyda wxYj,ska m<jQ ldr®hCIuNdjh
fudk;rï Wiia uÜgulska mej;=k;a
wkd.;h ms,sn| wúksYaÑ;Ndjhkao ±äj
u;= ù we;' kq≥re wkd.;fha° ;j;a
fujeks ìysiqKq úm;la we;sjqfkd;ska
;;a;ajh fln∫fõúo@ iqkdñhg m%;spdr
±laùfï° ishΩ wdh;k iajlSh yelshd
Yla;Ska wjidk ìx≥j olajdu /f.k ;sfí'
;j;a uyd m˙udK y†is ;;a;ajhla
iS.%fhka u;= jqfkd;ska fndfyda wdh;kj,g
- ±jeka; wdh;kj,g mjd - iq≥iq m%;spdr
±laùu t;rï f,fyis myiqjkafka ke;'
Steve Matthews
iaàõ ue;sõia jr®,aâ úIka
wdh;kfha CI◊l f.da,Sh m%;spdr
n,ldfha y†is ikaksfõok wxYfha
l<ukdldrjrhdh' úoHq;a ;emE,( stephen_
matthews@worldvision.ca
1. See After Action Review (involving World Vision
International, CARE, OXFAM GB and Catholic Relief
Services) at www.humanitarianinfo.org/srilanka/infocentre/
reference/docs/Care_Evaluation.pdf
39
FMR iqkdñ - Y%S ,xldj
mYapd;a-iqkdñ l,ne.Eksfha° mE.=Kq
mqxÑ udΩ
iqkdñfhka miqj Á ,xldfõ we;s jQ yosis ;;a;ajh ;=< cd;Hka;r
wdh;k fndfyda .Kkla iyNd.s;ajfha yd úuOH.;lrKfha
jákdlu fkd;ld ye˙fhdah'
y
†is wdm∞j jQ m<uq ojfia isgu
uvl,mqfõ ia:dk.; ù isá
cd;Hka;r yd cd;sl tackais tlg
tl;= jqy' ta jkúg;a fydoska yeoskf.k
isá ms˙ia tla /ia ù idr®:l /iaùï
.Kkdjla mj;ajd ;sìK' ishΩfokdgu
mqoa.,slju w;aú¢kakg is≥ jQ fï wk;=r
yuqfõ Y%S ,dxlslhla yd úfoaYslhka w;r
ifydaor;ajh jr®Okh fjñka ;snq◊'
CI◊l wjYH;djka ms˙ueiSu i|yd r:
jdyk" iykdOdr NdKav" ldr®huKav, wd†
iïm;a iajlSh wdh;k yryd fn∞ .ekSfï
leue;a; ishΩ fokd ;=,u ;snq◊'
Paul Jeffrey/ACT International
by< c, uÜgu ksid wïmdfr® msysá
bÛskshd., jeõ fidfrdõj foieïnr® 30 ∞
újD; lrk ,oafoka fjr<nv †idjg
fõ.fhka .,d wd c,fhka ;j;a .e,aula
we;s ù ta jkúg;a ydkshg m;ajq ckhdg
;j ;j;a l|jqrej,g .d,ajkakg is≥úh'
ud ta fõ,dfõ isáfha l|jqrla njg m;aj
;snQ mdi,la ;=, wj;eka jQ mjq,a i|yd
iykdOdr wdydr øjH fn∞ foñkah'
i;shla ;=, fojk j;djg;a c, myr
.,d wd úg bka ìhg m;a jQ ckhd fïi
u;g ke. .;ay' n; bojñka ,sm ;=,
±,afjñka ;snQ .sks ±,a, ksù hk wkaou
ud krUñka isáoa° wm yefudau w∫fr® .s,S
.shdy' ≥jkakg lshd ;ekla wm fjkqfjka
b;s˙j ;snqfka o ke;' wm yeufokdu
fol,jd jkf;la c,fhka hg ù isá
w;r fõ,a, mqmqrd ;j ;j;a c,h .,d
ú;a wmj .idf.k hkq we;e’hs wms
ìhm;a ùuq' rd;%sh mqrdu jr®Idj weo
yef,oa° uf.a is; mqmqre .ikakg mgka
.;s' wfma ldr®hd,h msysgd ;snqfka rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdkhlg wh;a f.dvke.s,a,l
Wv ;Ügqfõ ksid wms jdikdjka;fhda ùuq'
ìu t<df.k ks∞.kakg wmg me≥re
;snqk;a t,suyfka isá fndfydafokd tlaflda
.xj;=fr®u ke;a;ï .ia hg isáhy tfia;a ke;a;ï ck.ykh wêl jQ
l|jqrej, .d,a ù isáhy' ±ka wvqjlg
we;af;a iq<s iq<Ûla muKle'hs lshñka
whs˙ka f*%air®
ldr®h uKav,fha iuyre iskdfikakg
W;aidy l<y'
flfiafj;;a B<Û fyKh md;a jQfha
wyiska fkdj wmf.a fiajd∞hlhdf.ks'
ysáyeáfhau ug okajk ,oafoa wmf.a
CI◊l iykfiajd lKavdhfï Y%S ,dxlsl
iïnkaëldrlj˙h fld<Ug le|jd we;s
nj;a weh jydu ;u ishΩ l<ukd
/f.k msg;aj wd hq;= nj;ah' úm;g m;a
ck;dj Wiaìïj,g /f.k hdu i|yd"
n,m;% ;snqko wdh;kfha fiajlhska
fkdjk msgia;r Woúhg" wdh;kh i;=
jdyk by< l<ukdld˙;ajfha Wmfoia
fkdf.k ,nd°u wehg k.d ;snQ
fpdaokdjhs' tfukau wfma lKavdhug
^cd;Hka;r jYfhka CI◊l iykfiajd
lKavdhïj, jev fldg w;a±lSï
iïNdrhla ,nd we;s& iafjÉPd fiajlfhl=
tl;= lr.ekSfuka wdh;kfha udkj
iïm;a m%;sm;a;sh wm W,a,x>Kh fldg
we;ehs o wmg okajkq ,eîh' CI◊l
fiajd iemhqï lghq;= ms,sn| §m%ùKhska¶
u. meñKk nj;a jeä≥rg;a okajkq
,eîh' fuf;la fkdjQ úrE y†is
fufyhqula mia ojila ;siafia †h;a fldg
ojig meh 20 ne.ska fiajh lrñka
Á ,xldfõ
md,;äÉfpfkhs
.ug hdnoj
msysgd ;sfnk
irKd.; l|jqrla
wi, /° isá
ckhd kej; ;u
ksfjia n,d msg;aj
hk whqre
40
FMR iqkdñ - Á ,xldj$;dhs,ka;h
30"000 muK ckhdg wdydr yd fnfy;a
øjH fn∞°fuka miqj" ,Ûdfjñka isák
m%ùKhkaf.a Wmfoia ,efnk;=re" ishΩ
fufyhqï kj;d ouk f,i wmg okajkq
,eîh'
úYajdih m%Yak lsˉula
ish l%shdld˙;ajh yev.ekafjkafka
iyNd.S;ajh iy úuOH.;lrK we.ehqï
mdol lr.;a ±laula ;=,ska nj rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdk yeuúgu y~ .d
lshkafkdah' tfy;a tf,i mqrdf√re
fudk;rï lshqj;a ±jeka; udkjohdjd°
wdh;k tys foaYSh ldr®huKav," foaYSh
±kqu" foaYSh mqoa.,hskaf.a yelshdjka
úYajdi lrkafka ke;s njg by; isoaêh
fyd| W∞yrKhla fkdfõo@ CI◊l
iykfiajd m%ùKhska ,Ûd jQ miq Tjqkaf.ka
m%Yak .Kkdjlau wikakg ug Wjukd ùh'
fï m%foaY ;=, oYl folla ;siafia ikakoaO
.egqula flˉf.k hk nj Tn okakjdo@
Tn lj∞ fyda wj;eka ù ;sfnkjdo@
.egqula ksid Tfí wdor”hhka Tng wysñ
ù ;sfnkjdo@ Tfí bvu fyd Tng whs;s
foaj,a fyda W≥rdf.k ;sfnkjdo@ Y%S
,dxldj;a tys ck;dj;a .ek" tys iudc
ieliqu .ek" .egqfï miqìu .ek" tu
.egqug ue† ù issák wh Bg olajk
kuHYS,s wdl,am iy th iu. .Kqfokq
lrk Wmdhudr®. .ek" Tjqka okafka b;d
iaj,amhla nj jeä ld,hla hkakg u;af;ka
meye†,s úh' tajdf.au Tjqka Wmqgd ±lajQ
ksr®foaY iqkdñfhka wirK jQ whf.a
wjfndaO;djhka u; mokï jq tajd o
fkdfõ'
y†is iyk fiajd m%ùKhska jeä jeäfhka
m%foaYh fj; ,Ûdj;au mYpd;a-iqkdñ ck
„ú;h iudh;k úiska w;awvx.=jg .;a
fihla fm◊k' mqxÑ udΩka f,dl= udΩka
úiska .s,±óu wdrïN úh' kj wdh;k
;ukaf.au fufyhqï ,ys ,ysfha wdrïN
lf<a m%foaYfha ;sfnk m%cd iy ixúOdk
jHqyhka wj;lafiare lrñks' foaYSh ksjdi
fj<|fmdf,a ñ, .Kka b;d by< k.skakg
mg;a .;a w;r úfoaY uqo,a fmd† úiska
fiajd kshqla;s fj<|fmd, o wjq,g m;a
lf<ah' †k lsysmhla wejEfuka" fulS
wdh;k l:d lf<a Tjqka óg fmrd;=j isgu
,xldfõ l%shd;aul ù isáhd jdf.ah' iS.%fhka
is≥lrk wdrïNl ;lafiarejlska miqj"
wjYHjkafka l=ula±'hs l<hq;af;a l=ula±'hs
Tjqkg b∫rd mjikakg mqΩjka jkq we;e'hs
Tjqyq wmg iy;sl jQy' we;af;kau ta wd;au
úYajdih weÛ ls<sfmd,dhkiqΩh' tla;rd
cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkhlska lshd
isáfha †ia;%slalfha ;sfnk iEu fohlau
;=kaudihla we;=,; ;uka mqkre;a:dmkh
lrk njh'
iykdOdr NdKav läuqäfhau b;d wdfõ.
Ys,Sj fn∞ yrskq ,eìK' iuyr
wjiaA:dj,g° NdKav f;d. msáka ;ek ;ek
oud hk ,oafoa iykdOdr ,nk ck;djf.a
ixLHdj lD;su whq˙ka jeälr.ekSu
i|ydh' túg ta .ek mqrdf√re lshkakg
;u fjí wvú iy mqj;am;a ksfõok Tiafia
tackaisj,g mqΩjkalu ,efnkafkah' mdúÉÑ
lrk ,o we∫ï, ixialD;sl jYfhka
kqiq≥iqo .=Kfhka nd,o lshd fidhd
n,kakg lsisfjl=g;a jqjukd fkdùh' iuyr
iykdOdr f;d.j, ;snQ ldka;d wä Wi
im;a;= iy kdk we∫ï ydkshg m;a
m%foaYj,g msg;a fldg tjk ,oafoa úuid
fkdn,dh' kE ys;j;=ka ,Û isá
wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQ mqoa.,hska fkdi,ld
yereKq w;r wdh;k l,amkd lf<a l|jqre
;=, .d,a ù isá whg muKla nyqúO
Wmldr l< hq;= njh' ,efnk fohla tmd
lshkakg lsisfjl= wleu;s fyhska iuyr
mjq,aj,g ,eî ;snqfka wdydruh-fkdjk
iykdOdr NdKav mu◊' fujeks
wixúOdkd;aul fn∞yeˉï ksid mjq,a w;r
yg.;a .egqï o by< .sfhah' iuyr
<uhska ;uka ,o wΩ;a nE.a iy fmd;a
wdvïnrfhka m%or®Ykh lroa† lsisjla
fkd,o iuyr <uhs ≥flka N˙; jQy'
fkdfhl=;a úfoaYSh NdIdj,ska f,an,a lrk
,o fnfy;a f;d. w;súYd, m%udKj,ska
l|jqre fj; <Ûd úh' úúO ck
lKavdhïj,g wh;a úúO ffjoHjreka
kshu lrk úúO fnfy;a wjYH
m%udKhg;a jvd jeäfhka m%udKhla
l|jqrej, „j;ajk whg ,eìK'
läuqäfhau uqo,a úhoï lrkakg;a NdKav
fn∞ y˙kakg;a is≥j ;snQ ksidu neg lE
ckhd iu. jdäù Tjqkf.a ≥lg ijka
fokakg fyda uqyqo úiska we;s lr ;snQ ìh
mylr ±óu i|yd Woõ jkakg fyda
<uhska iekis,s nia f∞vjkakg fyda
ld,fõ,d ;snqfka ke;' ta fjkqjg" tlaflda
;j;a iqkdñhla ke;a;ï wdKavqfõ wΩ;a
ie,eiaula wd° jYfhka me;sfrk fndre
wdrxÑ ksid ckhd tl†.gu neg lñka
isáhy' ta fya;=fldgf.k NS;sh jeä ù
Tjqkf.a udkisl mSvkh ;j ;j;a by<
.sfhah' m†xÑùu i|yd lsisfjl=g wjir
fkdfok fjr< wdrCIl l,dmh ógr 100
m<, ;Srejlao ógr 300 m<, ;srejla o
lshd meye†,s fkdùh' iEu∞u;a fjr<ng
„j;a jQ ëjrhska tlaflda rg wNHka;rfha
isg fjr<g weúof.k wd hq;= fihls-;u
fndaÜgq ±,a wdïmkak wdrCId lsˉu i|yd
wdrCIl kshdulhska fiajfha fhdojd.kakg
Tjqkg is≥jk fihls' msgia;rhska meñK
fjr<nv m,d;a mqrd úisˉ ;snQ iqkanqka
bj;afldg tu m,d;a ms˙is≥ lsˉu;a ckhd
m†xÑ ù isá leã ì° .sh f.j,a
f∞rj,aj, b;s˙ iqkanqkao l,ska m†xÑj isá
whf.a wjirhla fkdue;sj ìug weo
±óu;a fya;=fldg f.k ëjr ckhd w;r
±ä ìhla me;sr f.dia ;sìK' ;uka l,ska
jdih l<" ;u f.j,a f∞rj,a msysgd
;sfnk" bvlvïj, ie,iqïlrejka úiska
iqfLdamfNda.S fydag, b† lrkakg h;e'hs
hk wksh; ìh Tjqka w;r me;sr f.dia
;sìK'
whs˙ka f*%air® YS% ,xldfõ msysgd ;sfnk
m%Odk cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkhl
fiajh l<dh' úoHq;a ;emE,(
irene_fraser@yahoo.co.uk
nqreufha ixl%uKsl Y%ñlhka fj;
udkjohdjdoS m%;spdrh
´kEu udkjohdjdoS m%;p
s drhla mokï úh hq;= uQ,l
s udkj whs;j
s dislï
ms<sn| úêúOdk ol=Kq iy ol=Kq w.aksos. wdishdfõ úYd, ck
fldgilg wysñ lrk ,oafoah'
l%uj;a¶ iy §jdr®;d fkdlrk¶ ,o
ixl%uKslfhda" .Dy fiajlfhda"
f.dúm, lïjrefjda" tfia;a
ke;akï mú;%lrefjda f,i f,dj mqrd
/lshdj lr;s' fuu /lshdjka fndfyda
≥rg wmú;%" wjukaiy.;" wk;=reodhl
tajd fõ' iqkdñhg fmr nqreu cd;sl
ixl%uKsl fiajlhka ;dhs,ka;fha
uqyq≥nv m%foaYj, wvq iq≥iqlï mj;sk
wxYj, tkï f.dvke.Sï wxYh" ëjr
lr®udka;h" ixpdrl lr®udka;h wd°
úúO wxYj, fiajfhys k;r jQy'
m%dfhda.sl;ajh iy m%;sm;a;sh jYfhka
;dhS n,Odˉka fuu iqkdñfhka ydks jQ
nqreu ixl%uKsl lïlrejka fj; ±lajQ
m%;spdrh fndfyda≥rg úIuiy.; iy
udkj ysñlï W,a,x>kh ùula ùh'
iqkdñ fÄojdplfhka ñh .sh nqreu
ixl%uKsl lïlrejka .Kk weia;fïka;=
lr we;af;a 700 - 2500 g;a w;r
ixLHdjla f,i jk w;r fuf,i
weia;fïka;= lr we;af;a jeäfhkau
iqkdñh n,mE ol=Kq ;dhs,ka; m%dka;j,
m†xÑj isá uq:Z nqreu ixl%uKsl
lïlrejka f.a ck.ykh jk
mshd Tfnfrdahs
120"000 hk ixLHdfjks' ;=jd,jqKq iy
w;=reoykajQ nqreu cd;slhkaf.a ksjeros
ixLHdj ;ju;a y˙yeá ksYaÑ; fkdjk
w;r iuyr jdr®;d fuu w;=reoyka
jQjkaf.a ixLHdj 4000 ;rï nj
mjihs' ixl%uK ms<sn| cd;Hka;r
ixúOdkh (IOM), f,dal nexl=j iy
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ix.ïj,ska iukaú; jQ
iqkdñfha n,mEu ;lafiare lsˉfï lñgqj
úiska m%ldY lrk ,oafoa ;dhs,ka;h
;=, nqreu ixl%uKsl lïlrejka wju
jYfhka 7000 fyda iqkdñ fÄojdplfhka
mSvdjg m;aù we;s njhs' fuu mSvdjg
m;a ksYaÑ; ixLHdj ms<sn| wjq,la
mj;skafka ;dhs,ka;fha /lshdj lrk
iy „j;ajk oyia .Kka ixl%uKslhka
ms<sn|j f;dr;=re ,shdm†xÑ lr ke;s
FMR iqkdñ - ;dhs,ka;h
nqreufha ixl%u◊l Y%ñlhka fj; udkjohdjd° m%;spdrh 41
fyhska tajd ks, ixLHd f,aLkj,g
we;=<;a ù ke;s ksidh' ta yereKq úg
fuh ;j;a ≥Ialr ù we;af;a fndfyda
fokdf.a ks, ye≥kqïm;a iy /lshd
ms<sn| wjir m;%sld uqyqog .idf.k
f.dia we;s ksidh'
,enQy' fuu fya;=fjka ke;sjqKq /lshd
wjir m;% h,s ,nd .ekSug fudjqkag
wmyiq jQy' ixl%uKslhka úiska is≥lrk
,±hs lshefjk wmrdO ms<sn| m%jD;a;s
jdr®;d ksid ;dhs,ka; rch úiska úNd.
hlska f;drj ish .Kka nqreu
ixl%uKslhka w;awvx.=jg .kakg
wdOdr °fï° we;sjQ widOdrKlï
fh≥ks' ish .Kka fyda we;eïúg
oyia.Kka nqreu ixl%uKslhka
iqkdñfhka miqj we;sjQ jHdl+,
n,y;aldrfhka nqreu rch fj; Ndr
jd;djrKh ;=, fndfyda nqreu ixl%uKsl
fok ,o w;r fuf,i Ndr≥ka iuyr
lïlrejkag udkjjd° wdOdr ,nd.kakg
whf.a udkj ysñlï W,a,x>Kh ùug
yelsjQfha wjidkfha°h' tho ,enqfka hï
fndfyda≥rg bv ;snqKs' Tjqkaf.a wúêu;a
f,ilska tu wdOdr i|yd ks, f,i
;;a;ajh ksid is≥jkafka fiajdodhlhska
wjirhla ,ofyd;a muKh' ;dhs,ka;
w;ska fyda wdrCIl ks,Odˉka fyda w;ska
rch úiska ksfõokhla ksl=;a lrñka
ixl%uKsl lïlrejkag uqyqKmdkakg
mejiqfõ fuf,i wdOdr ,nd.ekSug
is≥jk ≥la.eyeg ms<sn| jdr®;dùï
iq≥iqlï we;af;a ;dhs,ka;h ;=,
b;du;a wvq jYfhka fyda lsisfia;au fyda
ks;Hdkql+,j °r®> ld,Skj „j;ajQ nj
jdr®;d fkdùuhs' ;u rfÜ foaYiSud
iy;sl lrkakg yelsjk ixl%uKsl
md,kh lsˉu ;dhs,ka;fha iaffj˙Ndjfha
lïlrejkag muKla njh' rdcH fkdjk
jrm%idohla jqjo rg;=, kS;suh
ixúOdk u.ska 2005 ckjdˉ udifh°
;;a;ajhla fkdue;sj isák ixl%uKsl
jdr®;d lrk ,oafoa iuyr wjia:dj,°
lïlrejkag ;ukaf.a uQ,sl
fuu ks;Hdkql+, fkdjQ ixl%uKsl m%cdjka
whs;sjdislïj,g f.!rjhla ,nd .ekSug
whs;shla we;' ys;=uf;ag w;awvx.=jg
l≥j, ieÛù isák nj;a Tjqka fndfyda
.ekSu yd r|jdf.k isàu" kqiq≥iq
úg ;=jd,j,ska iy id.skafkka T;am,j
;;a;ajhka hgf;a r|jdf.k isàu" isú,a
isák nj;ah' fuu ixl%uKslhkag ;dhs
iy foaYmd,k whs;sh ms<sn| cd;Hka;r
rcfha uyck fi!LH fiajdfjka imhk
iïuq;sfha (International Covenant on
y†is fi!LH fiajh ,nd .ekSugo
Civil and Political Rights) 9 ^1& iy 10
fkdyels jQ w;r m%dfoaYSh rdcH fkdjk
jeks j.ka;s2 W,a,x>kh lsˉula jk
ixúOdk iy iafjÉPd ixúOdkj,ska
w;r ;dhs,ka;h fuu iïuq;sfha
imhk wydrmdk iy fjk;a wdOdr u;
mdr®Yjlrefjl= o jkafkah' tfiau uQ,sl
hefmkakg is≥úh'
jYfhka ±kg mj;sk
cd;Hka;r kS;shg
n,Odˉka ish .Kka fyda we;eïúg oyia.Kka nqreu wkqj jOysxidjg
ixl%u◊lhka n,y;aldrfhkau nqreuhg msg;a fldg
,laùu we;=¨j
hful=f.a uQ,sl udkj
heõfjdah.
whs;sjdislï
W,a,x>khùug bv
lv we;s kï tjeks mqoa.,fhl= fujeks
udkjohdjd† m%;spdrh mokï ù we;af;a
jd;djrKhlg Ndr°fuka je,lS isàu
udkj wjYH;d iy udkj .re;ajh
;dhs rcfha j.lSuls'
idOdrK rduqjla ;=, m%;sIaGdmk l,
hq;=h hk m%;sm;a;sh u;h' nqreu
ixl%uKsl lïlrejka fj; ;dhs,ka;
rcfha m%;spdrh fuu m%;sm;a;shg
iu.dó fkdùh' cd;Hka;r udkj ysñlï
kS;shg wkqj ish:Zu udkjhska" Tjqkaf.a
ffk;sl ;;a;ajh l=ula jqj;a" ;u
wdr®:sl iy iudc whs;sjdislï we;=:Zj
uQ,sl whs;sjdislï iudch u.ska wdrCId
l, hq;=j we;' wdr®:sl iudc iy
ixialD;sl whs;sh ms<sn| cd;Hka;r
iïuq;sfha 12 jeks j.ka;sh1 wkqj
ish:Zfokdgu ,nd.; yels Wm˙u
Ydˉ˙l yd udkisl fi!LH ;;a;ajhlg
ysñlï lSug whs;shla we;' ;dhs,ka;
rch fuu iïuq;sfha mdr®Yjlrefjls'
fuu udkjohdjd° wdOdr fkd,eîug
wu;rj fjk;a widOdrKhkag yd
W,a,x>Khkag iqkdñfhka miqj t,eUqKq
jd;djrKfha° nqreu cd;sl ixl%uKsl
lïlrejkag uqyqK fokakg is≥ úh'
fjr<nv ;Srfha lr®udka; úkdYùu
fya;=fjka fndfyda fiajdodhlhska úiska
fuu ixl%uKsl lïlrejka w;yer oukq
ish:Zu ixl%uKsl lïlrejkaf.a
udkj whs;sjdislï /lSu
iqkdñ jHikh ksid ;dhs,ka;fha isák
ixl%uKsl fiajlhka úiska ksr;=reju
uqyqK fok m%Yak rdYshla uyck
wjOdkhg ,la úh' bka úfYaI jkafka
m%dfoaYSh n,Odˉkaf.ka yd fiajdodhlhka
f.ka Tjqkag w;aú|skakg is≥jk
fõokdldˉ ie,ls,sh' fuh uq:Z wdishd;sl
l,dmfhau udkjohdjd° m%;spdr" cd;sl
yd m%dfoaYSh n,Odˉka úiska" ta ta rgj,
l%shd;aul lrk wdldr ms<sn|j m%Yak
u;=lrhs' wjOdkhg ,laúh hq;=
lKavdhug udkjohdjd° wdOdr fnod
°fï° is≥jk widOdrKlï ms<sn|
jdr®;d ,xldfjka bk≥kSishdfjka
;dhs,ka;fhka iy bka†hdfjka o ,eî
we;'3
ixl%uKsl fiajlhkaf.a wirKNdjh
Tjqka isák §wl%uj;a¶ ;;a;ajh ksid
jvd ;Sõr jk w;r fuh ;j≥rg;a
W.%jkafka ixl%uKsl fiajlhka ia;%Ska"
<uhska iy jhia.; mqoa.,hka jk
wjia:dj,°h' tfiajqjo ks;Hdkql+, fkdjQ
ixl%u◊lhka iïnkaOfhka fujeks
widOdrK m%;sm;a;s f,dalh mqrd úúO
rgj,a úiska l%shd;aul flfr®' ;u
rg;=, isák wl%uj;a ixl%uKsl
fiajlhka f.a wdrlaIdj ;yjqre lrk
úOdhl yd m˙md,k m%;sm;a;s l%shd;aul
jk rgj,a we;af;a b;du;a iq:Z
m%udKhls'
l=uk ixl%uKsl ;;a;ahl isáho
ixl%uKslhka f.a uQ,sl udkj
whs;sjdislï /lSu úfYaI lr.;a
cd;Hka;r udkj whs;sjdislï
úêl%uhkg mdr®Yjlrejka jkafka rgj,a
29 nj úfYaIfhka lsjhq;= fõ' tkï
2003 cQ,s udifha l%shd;aul jQ ish:Zu
ixl%uKslhka iy Tjqkaf.a mjq,aj,
whs;sjdislï iq/lSu ms<sn| jk tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a iïuq;sh (ICMW) fõ.4
fuu ICMW iïuq;sh iy wks;a flakaøSh
udkj whs;sjdislï mk;a
ixl%uKslhkaf.a whs;sjdislï iq/lSu
i|yd jeo.;a jk WmlrK fõ' tfia
jkafka ±kg ixl%uKh ms<sn| mj;sk
újdoj, m%Odk ,laIKhla jk
ixl%uKslhka md,kh lr Tjqka isr
wviais l,hq;=h hk woyig tu.ska
úl,am woyia b†˙m;ajk ksidh'
udkjohdjd° m%;spdr ms<sn| ikaor®Nh
;=,° ixl%uKslhka fkdie,ld yeˉu"
widOdrKhg ,lalsˉu fyda joysxidj,g
,lalsˉu jeks oE is≥ùu je,elaùfï°
flakaøSh wjYH;djla jkafka
ixl%uKslhka o uQ,sl udkj
whs;sjdislïj,g ysñlï lshk ukqIHhka
fldgila nj ms<s.ekSuhs'
mshd Tfnfrdahs ‚kSjd kqjr cd;Hka;r
laIud wdh;kfha irKd.;hka ms<sn|
ks,Od˙kshla fõ' fuu ,smsfha tk woyia
cd;Hka;r laIud wdh;kfha woyia
wjYHfhkau ksfhdackh lrkafka ke;'
úoHq;a ;emE,( POberoi@amnesty.org
iqkdñ l%shdldˉ lKavdhu (TAG) jQl,s
iqkdñfhka úm;g m;a nqreu ixl%uKsl
fiajlhskaf.a ;;a;ajhka fidhd ne,Su
i|yd ixúOdkh jq rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdkj,ska iy m%cd-mdol
ixúOdkj,ska iukaú; lKavdhuls' www.
saydanatsunami.org úoHq;a ;emE,(
tagmigrants@yahoo.com
1. www.unhchr.ch/html/menu3/b/a_cescr.htm
2. www.ohchr.org/english/law/ccpr.htm
3. WodyrKhla jYfhka n,kak, Human Rights Watch,
‘End caste bias in tsunami Relief’, 14 January 2005 http://
hrw.org/english/docs/2005/01/14/india10019.htm; Amnesty
International, ‘Indonesia-Human Rights are paramount in
the relief and reconstruction effort’, 18 January 2005 http://
news.amnesty.org/index/ENGASA210032005
4. www.ilo.org/public/english/employment/skills/recomm/
instr/un_9.htm
42
FMR iqkdñ - bka†hdj
bkaoshdkq idlÉPd uKavmhla iqkdñ m%;spdr
iudf,dapkh lrhs
s
fmda,d nekr®‚ iy inHiÑ ndiq fr® fp!O˙
Ydia;%fõ°ka iy udkj whs;sjdislï l%shdldrhska iyNd.s jQ"
l,algdfõ mr®fhaIK lKavdhula úiska ixúOdkh lrk ,o" ixjdo
uKavmhla ;ñ,akdvqj ;=< yd wkaouka$ksfldndr® ≥m;a ;=, fl;rï
≥rlg iykdOdr iy mqkre;a:dmk wdrïNll%shd †h;a fldg
weoa±’hs hk ldrKh ;lafiare l<dh' l=,h" wd.u" ia;%SmqreI
iudcNdjh u; mokï jQ wiudk;djhkaf.ka f;drj wdOdr
,nd.kakg ydkshg ,lajQjkg ;sfnk whs;sh tys† y∫kd.kq ,eîh'
;ñ,akdvqj
Peter Høvring/DanChurchAid/ACT International
fjr<nv m%foaYfha
b†l, ;djld,sl
ksjdi, bkskaolfrhs,
bka†hdj
fhdaO r< fm<ska ydkshg m;a ñ,shk 2'73
muK ck;djlf.a wjYH;d ms˙uid,Su
iïnkaOfhka ;ñ,akdvq m%dka; wdKavqj;a
bka†h uOHu wdKavqj;a ±lajq m%:u
m%;spdrh fo.sähdfjka fmΩKq tlla nj
ixjdo uKavmfha° woyia ±lajq l:ßlfhda
lshd isáhdy'1 flfiafj;;a" isú,a iudc
ixúOdk úiska kdhl;ajh fokq ,enQ
.,jd.ekSfï iy iykdOdr ,nd°fï
wdrïNl l%shdkaú;hka †h;ajoa° wdKavqj
úiska fufyhjk ,o iykdOdr m%h;akhkag
iuyr ck lKavdhï uqyqK ° isá ;a;a;ajh
wfkl=;a whg jvd oreKqh hk ldrKh
ms<s.kakg wfmdfydi;a úh' rdcH
jevigyka yev.iajd ;snqfka iykdOdr iy
mqkre;a:dmk wjYH;djka iïnkaOfhka ñg
fmr uq,aneif.k ;snqKq woyiaj,g wkqjh'
jvd;a wdm∞jg ,lajQ ck fldÜGdYj,g
wdydr ,nd°fï y†is wjYH;djh rchñka
;sfnoa° wdOdr fok tackaisj,g isoaO ù
;snqfka wdKavqfõ mriamr m%;sm;a;Ska úiska
we;s lr ;snq wjq,a cd,d iu. fmdr
nokakgh' iqkdñhg f.d≥re jq fndfyda
ia;%Skaf.a <uhskaf.a uyΩ Woúhf.a o,s;a
idud‚lhkaf.a ^tkï B◊hd §l=,ySkhkaf.a¶&
yd fjk;a u†mqxÑlïj,g ,la jQ iqΩ;r
ckhdf.a wjYH;djhka ;ju;a wduka;%Kh
fldg ke;'
iudkqmd;sl jYfhka n,kl," ydkshg ,la
jQ wfkl=;a whg jvd ëjr m%cdj Woõ
Wmldr ,nd ;snq◊' tfy;a fï jkúg
;ñ,akdvq ëjr m%cdfjka lr®udka;h wdrïN
fldg we;af;a ;=fkka tllg;a jvd wvq
ms˙ils' ëjr m%cdjka mqkre;a:dmkh lsˉfï
ldr®hh fláld,Sk fmr ±laula ;=,ska is≥
l< hq;a;la njg ;SrKh ù we;' ta wkqj
ëjr m%cdjkag ,efnk wdOdrj,ska mfyka
y;rlau Tjqkg fokafka Kh wdOdr
yeáhgh' ;uka ika;l ish,a,u mdfya
wysñj f.dia ;sfnk fyhska fï Kh
.;fyd;a th kej; mshjd .kakg
,efnkafka ke;e’hs hk ìfhka ëjrfhda
fmf<ñka isákakdy' ta jdf.au m;,a iud.
ï je,s f.dv ouñka tajd tl;=lsˉfï
ld˙hl ksr;j isákafka tu m,d; ;=,
lsis≥ wj;ekaùula fuf;la is≥ fkdjQ
m˙oafoks' Tjqkaf.a jevlghq;= kshdukh
flfrkafka b;d wi;=gq∞hl wkaoñkah'
tfy;a iuyr mjq,a mjikafka je,s tl;=
lrkakg iud.ïj,g bv fkd≥kakd kï ;u
bv lvï flfiaj;a fírd.; fkdyelsjk
njhs' lfvd,dk YdLd j,g is≥ jQ úkdYh
fya;=fldgf.k mi fida∞ hdu ;j ;j;a
krl w;g yeˉ ;sfí'
wruqo,a ysÛhla ke;sjqjo tajd m˙yrKh
lsˉfï° ;sìh hq;= j.lSïiy.;Ndjh
mj;skafka b;d ≥mam;a wählh' wdishdkq
ixjr®Ok nexl=j ;ñ,akdvq m%dka; wdKavqjg
iEfyk ;rï iïm;a m%udKhla ,nd °
;sfnk w;r w.ue;s iykdOdr wruqo,;a
uyweu;sf.a iykdOdr wruqo,;a iEfyk
;rï m%odkhkao ,nd ° ;sfí' Ndú;h
i|yd ksl=;a lr ;sfnk wruqo,a wdKavqfõ
wdh;k iy rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk iq≥iq
f,i m˙yrKh lrkafka±’hs ±k.kq jia
úksúoNdjh b,a,d flfrk b,a,Sïo úYd,
jYfhka jeäfuúka mj;s'
flfiafj;;a iykdOdr l%shdkaú;hka †h;a
ù we;af;a t;rï ixfõ°;ajhlska fkdjk
neõ fy<sorõ ù we;(
■ ≥ï˙h fmÜá mqrjd W;=re bka†hdfjka
tjk ,o WKqiqï fmdafrdaKdj,ska wêl
;dmfhka iy f;;a foaY.=Khlska
hq;a ;ñ,akdvq m%dka;fha jdih lrk
iqkdñfhka mSvdjg m;a jQjkag ,efnk
m%fhdackhla ke;'
■ m˙;Hd. f,i ,enqKq w¢k ,o mrK
we∫ï mdúÉÑ lsˉu ëjr ckhd
fldamfhka m%;sfCIam l<y'
FMR iqkdñ - bka†hdj
■ †ia;%sla md,lhska iy m%dfoaYSh mxpdh;a
iNd hk fof.d,a,kau ia;%Skag ie,lSu
wdka;sl ldrKhla jYfhka ie,l+y'
iykdOdr l%shdkaú; i|yd ia;%S
m˙md,lhska fiajfha fkdfh¥ w;r
mqreI ks,Odˉfhda ia;%Skaf.a yd <uqkaf.a
wjYH;d yuqfõ ixfõ° fkdjQy'
W∞yrKhla jYfhka" ia;%Skag id˙ ,nd
≥kako Tjqkg hgwe∫ï ,nd fkd°fï
ldrKh olaj; yelsh'
■ iykdOdr uqo,a yeuúgu f.jk ,oafoa
.DyuQ,sl ms˙ñhdgh' ke;sjQ kEhska
fjkqfjka f.jk jka† ,nd fok
,oafoao ms˙ñkagh' tlS uqo,a h:d
m˙oafoka m˙yrKh fõ±’hs lsis≥
iy;slhla ,nd fkdf.k tfia lrk
,oafoah'
■ lsisjla lrlshd.; fkdyels wirK
ia;%Ska leurd fldaKj,g yiqlr.ekSu
i|yd PdhdrEm Ys,amsfhda fmdrlEy'
■ t†fk∞ wdydrh jYfhka n;a lk
ñksiqkg pmd;s frdà fok ,oafoah'
m%udKj;a wruqo,a ixÑ; iys; fndfyda
foaYSh yd cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdkj,g tajd úhoï lsˉug wjldY
fkd,enqfka iqkdñhg fmrd;=j fjr<nv
jYfhka ie,l=Kq m%foaY i|yd fr.=,dis
mKjkakg bka°h wdKavqj ,l,eyeia;s jQ
ksidh' tneúka iqkdñh ksid whig m;ajQjka
fjkqfjka ksjdi b† lrkakg" whig
m;ajQjkaf.a „ú;h mj;ajdf.khEu i|yd
wjYH iïm;a Tjqkg fidhd fokakg" tlS
ixúOdkj,g fkdyels úh' fjr< ;Srfha
isg ógr 200 we;=,g jkakg ckhd
m†xÑlrùfï ;SrKh .egΩj,g ;=vq °
;sfí' fjr<nv ixrCIK fr.=,dis
l%shd;aul lrùfï° olakg we;af;a o wvq
úksúoNdjhls' fuu ;ykfï
ks;Hdkql+,Ndjh .ek;a n,y;aldrfhka
kej; m†xÑ lrùu ksid fjr<nv m,d;a
nyqcd;sl iud.ïj, md,khg k;= jkq
we;e'hs hk ìh;a fndfyda fokd ;=< mj;S'
wdKavqfõ fomdr®;fïka;= w;r ukd
iïnkaëlrKhla fkdmj;sk w;r m˙mQr®K
mqkre;a:dmk m%;sm;a;shlao tajdg ke;'
Wmldr ,nd.ekSu i|yd ;ukg ;sfnk
whs;sh ;yjqre lrk idCIs imhd°fï nr
megù we;af;ao whig m;ajQjkaf.au lr
u;h' iqkdñ iyk l%shdkaú;h is≥joa†
ia;%Skag tfrysj is≥lrk u†mqxÑlï .ek
uqksj; /lSfï m%;sm;a;shla foaYmd,k
mCI;a ia;%S ixúOdk;a wkq.ukh lrk nj
fmfkkakg ;sfí' iyk l%shdkaú;j,°
uqia,sï ixúOdk rÛmdk N+ñldj ms,s.ekSuo
m%;sfCIam fldg ;sfí' wdKavqj isú,a iudc
ixúOdkj,g weyqïlka fokuq;a Tjqkf.a
ksr®foaY ms,s.kafka ke;'
fmfkk yeáhg" wdKavqfõ ks,Odˉka uQ,sl
jYfhka fm<ö isákafka Tjqkaf.a m%;srEmh
/l.ekSug fyhska" Tjqyq úfõpkd;aul
ckudOH wdjrK u.yer isákakg mqΩjka
;rï W;aidy .kakdy' wfkla w;g" rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdk .Kkdjla uQ,sl jYfhkau
Wkka≥jkafka ;ukg jdisiy.;jk wkaofï
ckudOH m%;spdr ,nd.kakgh' tla
iyNd.slfhla iqkdñ fÄojdplh ksid
m%fhdack ,nk mdr®Yaj ;=kla fufia ,ehsia;=
lf<ah( fydag,a ysñhka" r: jdyk l=,shg
fok iud.ï" wdm∞ ixpdrl
udr®f.damfoaYlhska jYfhka lghq;= lrk
m%;sm;a;s.rel fkdjk foaYSh rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdk'
bka°hdkq idlÉPd uKavmhla iqkdñ m%;spdr iudf,dapkh lrhss
wdydr fn∞ fokafka fkdfokafka ljqo lshd
;ju;a ;SrKh lrkafka wdKavqjh' isú,a
iudc wdh;kj, N+ñldj ;j ;j;a mqΩ,a
jQj;a bka°h uOHu mx;sh yd wfkajdisl
bka†hdkqjka iEfyk m%udKhla iïm;a
imhd ≥kak;a ;ju;a isú,a iudch
fida†ishg ,la lrkafka rchhs' tfy;a
is≥úh hq;af;a tys wfkla me;a;h'
uydoaúmsl udkisl;ajh wkaouka
iy ksfldandr® ¥m;aj, iyk fiajd
lghq;= yev.kajhs
wkaouka iy ksfldandr® jkdys W;=frka
ol=Kg ógr 700l jmi˙hla jid
me;sfrñka" bka†hdkq m%Odk N+ñfhka lsf,da
ógr 1"200 kef.kysrg jkakg" fnx.d,
fndlafla msysgd ;sfnk yqfol,d ¥m;a
iuQyhls' iqud;%djg lságqfjka msysgd
;sfnk" bka°h n,Odˉka úiska ±ä
md,khlg hg;afldg ;sfnk" ksfldandr®
¥m;a iuQyh iqkdñfhka oreKq f,i mSvd
úkao w;r fïjdfha jdih lrk wdosjdiS
f.da;%sl ckhd 3"000 muK Bg f.d≥re ù
ñh hkakg we;e’hs .Kka n,d ;sfí'
m%cd;ka;%jd° wdKavqlrKhlska fyda
jHjia:d∞hl jHqyhlska fyda f;dr
ksfldandrh †.=ld,hl mgka §m%Odk
N+ñjdiSka ¶ wdrïN lrk ,o kqiq≥iq
ixjr®Ok fhdackd l%uj,g hg;a lrjd
we;' fï fhdackdl%u úiska fjr<nv
m˙irhg is≥lrk ,o ydksh ;j≥rg;a
;Sõr ù we;af;a fjr<nv l,dmh ;=<
f.dvke.s,s b†lsˉu ;ykï lrñka mKjd
;sfnk fr.=,dis foaYSh m%N+ka yd bka°h
.=jka yuq∞j úiska W,a,x>K lrk ksidh'
foaYmd,k ixúOdk yd isú,a iudch
l%shd;aul fkdùu fya;=fjka iykdOdr
wjYH;d i|yd ks,Od˙jd° m%;spdrhla
,eîu wksjdr®hh' is≥jQ foafmd, yd „ú;
ydksh ;lafiare lsˉu i|yd tlai;a
cd;Skaf.a fyda fjk;a cd;Hka;r wdh;kj,
fyda wdOdrh ,nkakg bka°h wdKaavqj
leu;s jQfha ke;' iykdOdr ls%hdkaú;hka
i|yd úfoaYSh wruqo,a ms<s.kakg
bka†hdj wdh;kj,g †˙ ≥kafkah' ¥m;a
iuQyh ;=, l%shdldrlï mj;ajdf.k hdug
wjir ,nd ° ;snqfka UNICEF ixúOdkhg
mu◊' iajlSh iemhqï fmdaÜ íf,hdr®j,g
,ÛdjQ jydu tajd w;awvx.=jg .kakd
,±’hs cd;Hka;r r;= l=rei ixúOdkh
fpdaokd l<dh' úfoaYSh udOHfõ°ka iy
iyk fiajlhska fmdaÜ íf,hdr® ;=, isr
ù isá w;r kq≥fr® msysá tlu ¥m;l
fyda ixpdrh lsˉu i|yd Tjqkg wjir
fkd,eìK'
isú,a m˙md,k l%shdkaú;j,ska b;d idr®:l
f,i wE;a lr ;nd" foaYSh m%cdjkaf.ka
fkdúuid" iykdOdr iy mqkre;a:dmk
lghq;= †h;a lrk úg tajdg
wksjdr®hfhkau kdhl;ajh fokafka bka°h
yuq∞jh' flfiafj;;a foaYsh ckhdf.a
woyia iy wjYH;d i,ld ne,Su;a
Tjqkaf.a foaYc ±kqug .re lsˉu;a fuys,d
wksjdr®h ldrKhls' W∞yrKhla jYfhka"
iajlSh wjYH;dj,g fkd.e,fmk ksid
ksfldndr® ëjrhska m%Odk N+ñfha ksIamdokh
lrk ,o ëjr wdïmkak ndr.ekSu
iqkdñhg fmrd;= ld,j,° mjd m%;sfCIam
lr ;sîfï ldrKh olaj; yelsh'
wdm∞fõ m%:sM,hla yeáhg ¥m;ajdiS
ëjr ck;dj ydkshg m;a ù isák w;r
lfvd,dk jkh ;ekska ;ek W≥rd jeà
fldr,a mr ;ekska ;ek leã ì£ f.dia
we;' msáka meñK m†xÑ ù isák Woúh;a
ëjr ck;dj;a w;r wkd.;fha° m%Odk
fmf,a ckjdr®.sl .egqï we;sfj;e’hs ìhla
o mj;s'
bf.k.;a mdvï
iykfiajd iemhSu kï ikaor®Nh ;=<
rdcHh iu. lrg lr .efgñka isú,a
iudch yd m%cdjka rÛmddk N+ñldj .ek
kej; is;d ne,Su yosis wjYH;djhls hk
ldrKh iqkdñ wdm∞j úiska ±äj u;=fldg
;sfí' ta wkqj ixjdo uKavmfha° u;=jQ
uQ,sl m%;sm;a;suh ksr®foaY my; i|yka
whq˙ka olaj; yelsh(
■ iykfiajd wdh;k w;fr® iqõYd,
iïnkaO;djhla ;sìh hq;= w;r
wdm∞fõ n,mEu iy wdm∞jg
,lajQjkaf.a wjYH;d ms<sn| f;dr;=re
yqjudrejlao ;sìh hq;=h'
■ iykdOdr ixúOdkh úh hq;af;a
wdm∞jkag ,la jQ m%cdjkaf.a wjYH;d
wkqj ñi i;=j ;sfnk iykdOdrj,g
wkql+,j fkdfõ'
■ ;ukg iq≥iq l=uk wdldrfha
iykdOdr±’hs ;SrKh l< hq;af;a
iqkdñfhka mSvdjg m;a m%cdjkah'
wdm∞jg uqyqK fokakg ckhd iQ∞kï
ls˙fuys,d Bg m%;spdr ±laùfuys,d
mxpdh;a iNd úYd, ldr®hNdrhla bgq
l< hq;=h'
■ iykdOdr yd mqkre;a:dmk jevigykaj,
ishΩ me;slvj,° ia;%Skaf.a y~g
m%uqLia:dkhla ,nd †h hq;=h'
■ iykdOdr fn∞yeˉfï° l=,h" ia;%SmqreI
iudcNdjh" wdr®:sl ;;a;;ajhka hkd†
ldrKd mokï lrf.k is≥ flfrk
wiudk;djhka uev meje;aúh hq;=h'
■ wkaouka iy ksfldandr® ¥m;a iuQyh
i;= iqúfYaI;ajhka l,amkdjg .;
hq;=h'
■ mYapd;a wdm∞ iïm;a fn∞yrsk iy
úhoï lrk wldrh .ek wdKavqfõ
wdh;k ±ä úksúoNjhlska lghq;=
l< hq;=h'
■ mqkre;a:dmk ie,iqïlrejka wdKavqfõ
bvï m%;sm;a;s iy .%dóh wdr®:slhka
u;af;a tu m%;sm;a;s we;s lrk n,mEï
wëCIKh l< hq;=h'
fmda,d nekr®‚ FMR lr®;D uKav,
WmfoaYl iNdfõ idud‚ldjls'
uyksr®nka l,algd mr®fhaIK lKavdhfï
(MCRG) (www.mcrg.ac.in) mr®fhaIK
iïnkaëldrlhdh' úohq;a ;emE,:
paula@mcrg.ac.in
inHiÑ ndiq fr® fp!O˙ MCRG
lKavdhfï idud‚lfhl= jk w;r
fld,al;dfõ rîkaø Ndr;s úYaj úoHd,fha
foaYmd,k úoHd wxYfha W.kajhs' úoHq;a
;emE,: sabyasachi@mcrg.ac.in
iïmQr®K jdr®;djla www.mcrg.an.in/
tsunami.htm kï fjí wvúfhka ,nd .;
yelsh.
1' ixjdo uKavmh weu;+ l:slhka fufiah( wdpdr®j ¨ù
(People's Watch, Tamil Nadu www.pwtn.org); ìñ,d
pkaøfiaLr® (Ekta Resource Centre for Women, Tamil Nadu
www.ektaonline.org), fla' tï' m˙fÉ,ka ^udkjohdjd°
l%shdldrlfhls" ;ñ,kdvqfõ fpkakdhs mqrjrfha UNHCR
ldr®hd,fha fiajfha kshq;=j isà'&" iór® wdpdr®h (Society
for Andaman and Nicobar Ecology www.andaman.org/
book/Sane/sanetext.htm) iy iQër® fn!ñla CRG
idud‚lfhls" BBC fiajd kshqla;slfhls&'
43
44
FMR iqkdñ - bka†hdj
;ñ,akdvqfõ wdm∞YS,s ck lKavdhï fjkqfjka
y~la
uelaia udáka
iqkdñh fya;=fldgf.k ;ñ,akdvq kï bka°h m%dka; rdcHh ;=,
„j;ajk wdm∞YS,s ck fldgiaj,g f.af∞r" „jfkdamdh" orejka
mdie,a heùu wd° ish,a,u wysñ úh' ±kgu;a wdka;sl ù isák
fï iudc lKavdhïj,g Woõ Wmldr lsˉfï° Tjqkaf.a iqúfYaI
wjYH;d flfrys jvd;a ixfõ° úh hq;=h'
u
rshïud,a fjfik l=vd .ïudkh
iqkdñfhka hg jQ wjia:dfõ° wef.a
Trej;a udΩ ±,a ál;a wehg wysñ
úh' bre, f.da;%sl ckhd jeä jYfhka
fjfik wef.a .ïudkh msysgd we;af;a
m%dka; rdcHfha w.kqjr jk fpkakdhs
mqrjrh iy Bg lsf,daógr 60la W;=˙ka
msysá mQ,sldÜ l,mqj w;r msysá l=vd ìï
;Srejlh' wd†jdiS f.da;%sl m%cdfõ fyda
o,s;a m%cdfõ fyda whg wi, msysgd we;s
uqyqfoa uiqka ueˉug bv fokafka ke;'
th f.da;%sl fkdjk ëjrhska f.a
idïm%odhsl uqyq≥ rCIs;hhs' óg wjqre≥
follg fmrd;=j bre, f.da;%slhka lSm
fofkl= fï ;ykug wNsfhda. fldg uiqka
ueˉfuys fh≥kdy' tys° yg.;a .egqu
fl<jr jQfha „ú; folla mQcd lsˉfuks'
§wfma Woúhg isoaO jqkd †ia;%slalfha
ks,od˙ uy;a;=rekg iy;sl fjkav uQfoa
udΩ urkafka keye lsh,d¶" u˙hïud,a
mejiqjdh' .fï fjfik f.da;%sl ldka;dfjda
idïm%odhslj l,mqj ;=, biafida" l,mq
ll=Ωfjda wd†h w,a,;s' .fï ;sfnk
fld,a,E Tre 40ka 28lau whs;s
ldka;djkagh' iqkdñh ksid Tre ish,a,u
mdfya tlaflda .idf.k f.dia w;=reoyka
ù" ke;a;ï leã ì°,d we;'
m%foaYfha msysgd ;sfnk m,a,shlska ,ndfok
mQKHdOdrhlska u˙hïud,a „ú;h .eg .id
.;a;o wE m%dfoaYSh rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdkhla úiska ixúOdkh lrk ,o
b;s˙lsˉfï yd Kh°fï iñ;shl
f,alïj˙hhs' tjeks wdrïNl ls%hd u.ska
.ïuqkaf.a „jfkdamdhhkao kej; ixúOdkh
lr.; yelsjkq we;e’hs wE m%dr®:kd lrhs'
tajdf.au wdOdr ,ndfok rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdk iy tjeks wdh;k ldka;djkaf.a
wjYH;d wduka;%K lrkq we;e’hs o wE
n,dfmdfrd;a;= ;nhs' fï jk;=re
idudkHfhka udΩ Tre iy ±,a wdïmkak
,nd ° we;af;a ms˙ñkag muKh' l,mqfjka
tyd bkakd ëjr m%cdjkag Woõ Wmldr
lrkakg rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk fm< .eiS
isáh;a l,mqj wdYS%;j m†xÑ f.da;%sl
.ïudkhg fyda ta w,i msysá o,s;a
.ïudkhg fyda fï ixúOdk fuf;la
meñK ke;'
iuyr l=,j,g wh;a ms˙ñkag yd
.eyeKqkag ;ñ,akdvqfõ uqyq≥nv m,d;aj,g
weú†ka udΩ ueˉu ;ykïh' udΩ urk
m%cdjka w;fr® ‚j;ajk o,s;a iy f.da;%sl
m%cd idudcslhkag bv ° we;af;a iydh
N+ñld rÛmdkakg mu◊' ëjr wdïmkak
ms˙is≥ lsˉu yd kv;a;= lsˉu" udΩ megùu
iy nEu" udΩ m%jdyKh lsˉu wd†h ta
iydhl jevlghq;=j,g wh;ah' „jfkdamdh
kej; f.dvk.d .ekSu i|yd rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdk úiska fï m%cdjkag fok
wdOdr ksr®Kh lsˉug fhdojd.kafkao fï
m%cd fldgia i|yd iïm%Odhsl jYfhka
mjrd ;sfnk by; lS my;a fmf<a
l%shdldrlïh' udΩ ueˉfï fh° isák
u˙hïud,a jeks ldka;djka fohdldrfhka
u†mqxÑlïj,g ,lajkakdy-tla w;lska
ia;s%hlaùu ksidh' wfkla w;g wdka;sl
m%cd lKavdhulg wh;aùu ksidh'
ù†fha „j;aùu
hq;a l|jqrl msysá úh,s l=á ;=, wõfõ
lelEfrñka „j;afjñka isáhy' fudaiï
jeiai ,eîu;a iu.u l|jqr jeis j;=frka
hg ù .sfhah' ,nk udih jk úg fudaiï
jeiai ;j;a m%n, ù uqΩ l|jqru
.xj;=frka hg ù hkq we;' jvd fyd|
l|jqrlg kej;;a Tjqka /f.k hdug
wdKavqj;a rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk;a
msUqrem;a w¢ñka isá;s'
isis,a fijkla fidhñka
bka†hdfõ ol=Kq wka;fha ;=vqjl msysá
lkHdl=ud˙ osia;%slalfha uq;a;ï .fï
„j;ajk orejka y;r fofkl=f.a ujla
jk fï˙ foaYSh rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkhla
úiska ;kjd ≥ka ;djld,sl ksjdi 24ka
tll jdih lrhs' .sïydkh ;j ;j;a r;a
fjù úh<s foaY.=Kh W∞lr;au ;djld,sl
ksjdi fmdarKq njg m;ajk fyhska tajd
;=, jdih lsˉu fnfyúka wiSre úh' fï˙
jeä jYfhka l,a.; lrkafka ksjiska
neyerjh' §.EKq ms˙ñ" <fuda wms yefudau
?g ks∞.kafka t<uyfka¶" fï˙ lSjdh'
§uf.a wjqre≥ fofla nd,u <uhd ,Ûmd;
f.orlg werf,õjd' oj,ag fï l+vdrfï
bkakjd fndre¶'
fpkakdhs mqrjrfha or®YkSh uˉkd fjr<
;Srh n,d †fjk mdfr® ;sfnk m†l
fõ†ldj ysre neih;au yeu∞u;a
l,n,ldˉ fjhs' ;reK fldÆ .egfhl=
jk l%sIaKuQr®;s m†l fõ†ldfõ ,dïmq lKq
folla w;r ;sfnk iajlSh mjq,g wh;a
t,suyka ksji b†˙msg ;u mdie,a fmd;a
úiqrejd †.yer f.k mdvï lrkqjd
flfkl=g
yeu∞u
wju m%ñ;Ska iïnkaOfhka k.k ,o m%Yak fkd;ld yrskq
±l.; yelsh' ,eîh'
fuhdldrfhka
úfYaIfhka /lshdjka ke;s ms˙ñ .ejfik
mÜgkmlalï fmfoia jdih l<"
t<suyfka oji .; lrkakg fï˙ leu;s
iqkdñfhka wj;eka jQ" mjq,a 500 muK
ke;' weh meñ◊,s lsˉfuka je,lS isáh;a
lsis≥ yõyrKhla ke;=j l,ne.Eksfhka
ia;%Skag mqoa.,sl wjldY fkdue;slu
wdf,da,kh jQ fujeks mdrj,aj, „j;a
nrm;, f,i wjOdkhg fhduqúh hq;=
jkakdy' Tjqkaf.a f.j,a f∞rj,a iqkanqka
lreKls' yeu∞u;a ,Ûmd; f.orlg
fjrf<a úisˉ ;sfnkqjd oel.; yelsh'
orejd /f.k hkakg is≥ùu wehg uy;a
isgqjd ;sfnk ˙áj,ska iy weo ;sfnk
ysirohls' ish,a,gu jvd oreKq ldrKh
,Kqj,ska fmkakqï flfrkafka hï fyhlska
kï WKqiqï úh<s ? ld,fha° t<suyfka
is≥ ù ;sfnk ydksh ;lafiare ls˙u i|yd
ks∞.kakg is≥ùuhs' ;dr ISÜj,ska fiú,a,d
ks,Odˉka meñ◊fhd;ska Tjqkg fmkakd
we;s jy, WKqiqu r|jd.kakd w;r iq<x
°ug ;sfnk jmirshhs' m†l fõ†ldfõ
lfmdΩo ;nd ke;' rdcH fkdjk ixúOdk
„j;a jQ ms˙ilf.ka wvlau jdf.a
.Kkdjlau mxld ,nd†ug fmdfrdka≥ jQj;a
lsf,daógr 12la muK wE;ska f.dvk.k
wdjrKh lr ;kd ;sfnk fujekss
,o ;djld,sl ksjdij, m†xÑ i|yd
ksjdij,g tajd ,nd°fuka is≥jkafka ksji
msg;aj f.dia ;snqko ls%IaKuQr®;sf.a mjqf,a
;=< /£ ;sfnk WKqiqï jd;h t;=,u
Woúh m†l fõ†ldfõu ,.skakg leu;s
lrleùu muKs'
jQy' §y˙ wudrehs" ta;a wms <uhg
bf.k.kav fldfyduy˙ bvlv wrka
f.dvkeÛs,s øjH f;drd.ekSfï ° iuyr
fokjd¶ hehs ls%IaKuQr®;sf.a j Ndkq lSjdh'
wdKavqfõ fldka;%d;alrejka wdor®Yhg
,Ûmd;lska Tjqkg ;djld,sl ksjdi
.ekSfï jro ±ka ±ka rdcH fkdjk
,efnkq we;s nj;a B<Ûg ia:Sr ksjila
ixúOdk wjfndaO lr .ksñka isá;s' rdcH
,efnkq we;s nj;a TjqyQ úYajdi lr;s'
fkdjk ixúOdkhla jk Action Aid India
mqkre;a:dmk jev igyka wj;eka jQ
wdh;kfha jevigyka l<ukdlre fufia
<uhskaf.a wOHdmk wjYH;d wduka;%Kh
lSfõh( §wms ta f.d,af,da lsõ foa l<d'
lrkafka ke;' ;djld,sl /|jqï ia:dkj,
±ka wmg th ksjer† lrkak ´kE¶'
/£ fkdisák <uqkaf.a wOHdmksl lghq;=
f.dvk.k wdldrh .ek idlÉPd lsˉu
§ieye,a¨ jy, fiú,s ,nd.kav wmg
mjd wrUd we;af;a uE;l°h'
flar<fha tr®kdl=,ï olajd meh yhla
;siafia hkav isoaO jqkd¶" foaYSh rdcH
ù†fha „j;a ù udi folla .sh miq
fkdjk ixúOdkhla jk iudc wOHhkh
;djld,sl ksjdi ,nd°u i|yd ishΩu
yd ixjr®Okh (SED) wdh;kfha wOHCI
mjq,a wE; m%foaYhl msysá l|jqrla fj;
la,Sgia Wfnda,aÜ mejiqfõh' §fmd,a w;= ;,a
/f.k f.dia we;' fï ,smsh ,shk cQks
w;= jdf.a .fï ;snqKq foaj,aj,ska jy,
uq,a ojiaj, fuu mjq,a u| c, myiqlï
fiú,a,kak ;snqkd' tfyu l<d kï .fï
iy whym;a ikSmdrCIl myiqlïj,ska
;ñ,akdvqfõ wdm∞YS,s ck lKavdhï fjkqfjka y~la 45
FMR iqkdñ - bka†hdj
lSm fofkl=g riaidj,a fokak;a ;snqkd'¶
rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkj, ksfhda‚;hka
lshkafka iïm%odhsl jy, fiú,s lsˉï øjH
mdúÉÑ lsˉu †ia;%slalfha rdcH ks,Odˉka
je,ela jQ njh' óg wjqre≥ lSmhlg fmr
jy, fiú,s lrk ,o mdie,a uvqjl
bf.k.;a <uhska fndfyda .Kkla uvqj
.sks .;a fõf,a uereKq wkaou ms,sn|
u;lh ;ju;a fndfyda fokd flfrka myj
f.dia ke;'
Max Martin
Indiadisasters.org1 fjí wvúh fuu
§fmdarKq yd iudk¶ ;djld,sl ksjdi .ek
jdr®;d fldg ;sfí' Inter Press Service
(IPS)2 mqj;a fiajo ;djld,sl ksjdij,
cSj;aùu hkq §ijqkdnd;a tll „j;ajkjd
jeks hehs¶ jdr®;d fldg ;sfí' ;dm frdaOl"
fyd| jd; ljqΩ" jdhq wjfYdaIl hkd†
;dCI◊l úi∫ï i|yd wjOdkh fhduq ù
;snqko ;djld,sl ksjdi ;=, ia;%Ska i|yd
wereKq bvlv jeks jdoúIhka kï ;ju;a
wduka;%Kh l, hq;=j ;sfí' bùu" fr†
fia°u" kEu jeks ldr®hhka i|yd
fjkalrk ,o bvlv imhd fokafka
w;a±lSï iys; wdh;k ksjdi b†
lrkúg mu◊' Oxfam wdh;k
l=âvf,dar®ys° tjeks ldr®hj,g fjkajQ
bvlv iys; isis,i iys; w;= fiú<sl,
ksjdi mka;shla ;kd ;sfí' Cordaid
wdh;kh bos l< iuyr ;djld,sl
ksjdij,g úfYaIfhka fhdjqka ;re◊hka
i|yd fjka l< ldurhlao we;=,;a lr
;sfí' b† flfrkakdjQ ;djld,sl ksjdi
ms,s.efkk iq≥iq uÜgulska iukaú;ùug
kï tajd f.dvke.sh hq;af;a hg;ams˙fika
iqjmyiqj iy mqoa.,sl wjldYh wdrCId
lr.ekSu hk lreKq ie,ls,a,g .;a wju
uÜgfï ie,eiaula we;=jh'
ks.uK
wdm∞fjka miq W∞jk ld, m˙Éf√oh ;=,
ia;%Ska yd <uhska" úfYaIfhka .eyeKq
<uhska" mj;sk iudc$ixialD;sl$„j
úoHd;aul idOl úiska fi!LHuh jYfhka
oreKq M,úmdlj,g iy m%pKav;ajhg
f.d≥re lr.ekSfï bvlv fndfydafihska
jeäh' m%Odk jYfhkau" m%udKj;a fkdjk
ksjdi myiqlï fya;=fldgf.k Tjqyq myiq
f.d≥re njg m;ajkafkdah' idudkH
idïm%∞hsl ol=Kq wdishdkq m%cdjka ;=,
„j;ajk ldka;djka mfriaiïldˉ f,i
Woõ Wmldr ,nd.ekSfuys,d ;u
Wjukdjka wkqkg ±k.kakg
ie,eiaiùfuys,d wfmdfydi;ah' B<Û
mrïmrdfõ <uhskag wOHhkh ,nd fkd°u
;=,sk, ;;a;ajh ;j;a whym;a ù" Tjqyqo
myiqfjkau f.d≥re njg m;ajkakdy' fï
ishΩ ldrKd wduka;%Kh lsˉug kï
wdm∞jg olajk ´kEu m%;spdrhla
ia;%SmqreI iudcNdjh .ek ixfõ† úh
hq;=h" ia;%Skaf.a iy <uhskaf.a úfYaI
wjYH;d .ek ixfõ° úh hq;=h' Wmldr
lsˉug b†˙m;a jk ljfrl=g fõjd
m%dfoaYSh m˙irh .ek meye†,s
wjfndaOhla ;sìh hq;= w;r m%cdfõ ishΩu
wxYj, úfYaI wjYH;d .ek meye°ula
we;=j isáh hq;=h'
uelaia udáka irKd.; wOHhk flakaøfha
ysgmq YsIHfhls' Tyq ±k www.indiadisasters.org hk fjí wvúh ixialrKh lrhs'
Tyq kej;S isákafka nex.f,darfhah' úoHq;a
;emE,( maxmartin@rediffmail.com
1. www.indiadisasters.org
2. www.ips.org/
bka†hdfõ ol=Kq
wka;fha lkHdl=ud˙
†ia;%slalfha
;=vqjl id∞ ;sfnk
;djld,sl ksjdi
46
FMR iqkdñ - bka†hdj
m%;spdrj, ldr®hidOkSh;ajh( wdmodjg m;ajQ
ck;djf.a woyiaa
wksiahd f;dauia iy úu,d rdu,sx.ï
fï jk úg iyk ixúOdk ;u mYapd;a iqkdñ l%shdkaú; úur®Ykh
lrñka isáho" nyq ck ixúOdk l%shdldˉ;ajh we.hsug ,lajkafka
wvq jYfhks' jvd;a wvq wjOdkh fhduq ù we;af;a iyk fiajdj,ska
m%fhdack,;a §iyk ,dNSkaf.a¶ woyia fj;h'
kshe†hg .ïudk 97lska mqoa.,hska
600la we;=<;a úh' fu;=,ska ksfhdackh
jQ nyq;rfha /lshdj jQfha ëjr
lr®udka;hhs' bka†hdfõ° th 93% la jQ
w;r Y%S ,xldfõ° th 58% la úh'
wk;=rg m;ajQ iEu mjq,lskau f;dard.;a
jeäysáfhl= m%Odk f;dr;=re iïmdolhd
f,i lghq;= l, w;r wka whgo
f;dr;=re iemhSu i|yd †˙ .kajk ,°'
bka†hdfõ fukau Y%S ,xldfõ o m%Odk
f;dr;=re imhkakkaf.ka nyq;rhla
ldka;dfjda jQy' o;a; tl;= lrk ,oafoa
foaYSh NdIdj,ska lrk ,o iïuqL
idlÉPdj,skah' ta i|yd mqyqKqj,;a
mr®fhaIlhka úiska újD; m%Yak wik ,°'
bka†hdfõ iy Y%S ,xldfõ wdOdr
iïnkaOfhka n,meje;ajQfha tlsfklg
fjkia ;;a;ajhkah' ta jk úg;a ;u rg
;=, l%shd;aul fkdjQ fyda rg ;=, fkdisá
udkjohdjd° wdh;kj,g ;u rgg
we;=¨ùug bv fkdfokakg bka†hdj ks,
jYfhka ;SrKh lr ;sìK' ;jo uOHu
wdKavqj" m%dka; wdKavq" rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdk" cd;Hka;r ixúOdk" mqoa.,sl
iud.ï iy ;%súO yuqod úiska l%shd;aul
l< iykdOdr iemhSfï l%shdj,Ska rch
úiska iïnkaëlrKh lrk ,°' Y%S ,xldj
;=, cd;Hka;r" l,dmSh yd foaYSh rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdkj,g wk;=rg m;ajQ
m%foaYj, ck;dj fj; hdug idfmaCI
jYfhka jvd;a ksoyia wjldYhka
imhk ,°' ^fuy° fjkilg ;snqfka
foaYmd,kslj jvd;a ixfõ° jQ W;=re yd
kef.kysr m,d;a iïnkaOfhka muKs&'
tkuq≥ w;a±lSï iys; úYd, rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdkj, iyNd.S;ajh fuys°
±l.; yels jqjo n,meje;ajQ woyi
jQfha Y%S ,xldfõ ck;dj fj; imhk
,o wdOdr t;rï i;=gqodhl fkdjQ njh'
fujeks tlsfklg fjkia woyiaj,g
fya;= úuiSfï° fï m%foaY fol ;=<
iykdOdrj, ldr®hCIu;djh ms<sn| m%Yak
u;= úh' tkï" bka†hdfõ fukau uOHu
wdKavqfõ iïnkaëlrKh ;=, l%uhka iy
Y%S ,xldfõ fuka jvd;a wúêu;a iy kuH
l%uhka w;r we;s fjkih'
mr®fhaIlhska m%:ufhkau f;dr;=re
odhlhskaf.ka wik ,oafoa iqkdñfhka miq
m<uq meh 48 ms<sn| Tjqkaf.a u;lhka
iy ixcdkkhka ms<sn|jhs' fíˉu i|yd
wdOdr ,enqKq nj bka°h f;dr;=re
odhlhkaf.ka m%ldY lf,a 48% muKs' Y%S
,xldfõ † fï wkqmd;h my; jeà ;snqks
^31%&' bka†hdfõ ëjr ldka;djla fufia
m%ldY lf,ah( §ljqrej;a fufy ñksiqka
fidhkakg wdfõ keye''' wms ish:Zfokdu
m%;spdr ±laùug fkdyels f,i lïmkhg
m;aù isáhd' tlsfkldg Woõ lsˉu;a
wmyiq jqkd¶' fírd.ekSfï l%shdj,sfha
ldr®hCIu;djo m%Yakldˉ úh' ;j;a
f;dr;=re odhlfhl= m%ldYlf,a
§mqoa.,hska fjk;a .ïudkj,ska ≥jf.k
wdj;a Tjqkag jeäfohla l,yels jqfka
kE” hkqfjks' jdr®;d iy fCIa;% iïuqL
idlÉPdj,ska fmkShkafka fírd.ekSfï
W;aidyj,g iy laIKsl Wmldr
iemhSfï° jeä odhl;ajhla ,enqfka
wi,ajdiSkaf.ka iy kqmqyqKq m%dfoaYSh
iafõÉPd fiajlhkaf.ka njhs'
ióCIKhg m%;spdr ±lajQ mqoa.,hka
iqkdñfhka ydksjQ mjq,aj,g wh;aa jeäysá
wh jQy' Tjqka ;u mjq,aj, idud‚lhska
wysñ jQ fyda mYapd;a iqkdñ wdOdr ,enQ
wh fyda jQy' Tjqka fÄojdplfhka ydks
meñKs ck;dj ms<sn| ksfhdackd;aul
kshe†hla úh' WodyrKhla jYfhka
bka†hdfõ †ia;%slal fod<ylg wh;a jQ
.ïudk ishhla ksfhdackh l, mqoa.,hska
800 thg wh;a úh' Y%S ,xldfõ° fï
m,uq meh 48 we;=<;° Y%S ,xldj iy
bka†hdj ±lajQ m%;spdr iy ,enqKq wdOdr
jr®. w;r iqmeye†,s fjkila fmkakqï
fjhs' ióCIKfha kï lr ;snqKq wdOdr
jr®. ^fïjd w;rg fírd.ekSu" u,jqka
y≥kd.ekSu $ ñysoka lsˉu" iqkanqka bj;a
lsˉu" ffjµ fiajd iy kej; m†xÑ
lsˉu we;=<;a úh& tfld<y iïnkaOfhka
Y%S ,xldfõ f;dr;=re odhlhskag jvd
bka†hdfõ f;dr;=re odhlhska jeä
;jo tla tla wdldrfha wdOdr iemhSï
fõ.h ms<sn| wiudk;d ;snqKs' m,uq mE
48 ;=<° fida†is fufyhqï l%shd;aul lsˉu
i|yd iqkanqka bj;a lsˉu wrUk ,oe’hs
lsj yels jQfha bka†hdfõ m%;spdrlhska
f.ka 15% la yd Y%S ,xldfõ mqoa.,hskafka
m<uq meh 48
Peter Høvring/DanChurchAid/ACT International
; ld,fha° *%sáia wdh;kh l<
ióCIKhlska bka†hdfõ iy Y%S
,xldfõ iqkdñ fÄojdplfhka
mSvd ú¢ m%foaYj, isák iyk,dNSka úiska
wdOdrj, ldr®hCIu;dj ms<sn| ork
woyia fudkjd±hs fidhd n,kq ,eîh'
uQ,sl m%;sM,j,ska fmkShkafka Y%S ,xldfõ
iyk,dNSkag jvd bka°h iyk,dNSka ;uka
,o wdOdr ms<sn| jvd;a Okd;aul woyia
ork njh'
m%udKhla ;ukag fï wdOdr ,enqKq nj
meye†<sju m%ldY l,y' bka†hdj ;=,
wdmodjg m;ajQ ck;djf.ka 49% la
i|yd kej; m†xÉ ùfï hï úêúOdk
m,uq †k fol ;=<° imhk ,o w;r
jvd;a nrm;, f,i ydkshg m;a rgla
jQ Y%S ,xldfõoS fuh 3% la muKla úh'
bka†hdfõ c,h imhd°fï wdOdrj,ska
85% la ,enqkq w;r fuh Y%S ,xldfõ
15% la muK ùh' bka†hdfõ° wdmodjg
m;ajQjkaf.ka 66% g y†is ffjµ fiajd
,nd .; yels jQ w;r" Y%S ,xldfõ° th
33% la ùh'
FMR iqkdñ - bka†hdj
8%lg muKs' óg ixikaokd;aulj m,uq
mE 48 ;=,° bka†hdfõ mqoa.,hskaf.ka
90% lg iy Y%S ,xldfõ mqoa.,hskaf.ka
78% lg wdydr ;snqKs' we;eï
wjia:dj,° wjYH m%udKhg;a jvd wdydr
;snqKs' tla bka°h m%;spdrlfhl= mejiQfõ
§úúO wdldrfha msisk ,o wdydr wmg
,enqKd tjd TkEjg;a jeäfhka ;snqKd¶
hkqfjks'
uq,skau wdOdr iemhqfõ ljqrekao hkak
ms<sn|jo meye¢,s fjkialï ;snqKs'
m%;spdrlhskag wkqj" bk†hdfõ° m,uq
meh 48 ;=,° 86% lg l=uk wdldrfha
fyda wdOdrhla m,d;a md,k wdh;k úiska
imhk ,°' Y%S ,xldfõ óg iudk w.h
jkafka 4% ls' bka°h jdr®;dj,g wkqj
m%dfoaYSh m˙md,khka úfYaIfhkau ol=Kq
bka°h m%dka;hla jk ;ñ,a kdvqfõ
w;suy;a fõ.hlska l%shd;aul jkakg ùh'
wk;=rg ,lajQ tla wfhl= m%ldY lf,a
fufiah( §wms ksod.;af;a keye' ta jdf.au
†ia;%slal m˙md,k ks,Od˙kq;a ksod.;af;a
keye¶' bka†hdfõ m%;spdrlhskaf.ka
Nd.hla muK m%ldY lf,a ;ukag rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdk iy m%cd ixúOdk u.ska
wdOdr ,nd ≥ka njhs' Bg wu;rj 12%
lg muK m%udKhlg ;%súO yuqod u.ska
wdOdr ,ndfok ,°' Y%S ,xldfõ
m%;spdrj, ldr®hidOkSh;ajh( wdmodjg m;ajQ ck;djf.a woyia 47
m%;spdrlhskaf.ka 39% lg wdOdr ,nd
≥kafka ;%súO yuqodj jk w;r rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdk iy cd;Hka;r ixúOdk
;ukag wdOdr ,nd ≥ka nj
m%;spdrlhskaf.ka 37% la mjik ,°' Y%S
,xld rch ;ukag wdOdr iemhQ nj
m%ldY lrk ,oafoa m%;spdrlhskaf.ka 4%
la muKs' †ú fírd.;a whf.ka
ksr;=reju weiqKq m%;spdrhla jQfha( §fïjd
ish,a, isoaOjk úg wdKavqj isáfha
fldfyao@ yeufohlau lKmsg fmr,s,hs
;snqKs¶'
°r®>ld,Sk wdOdr
óg wu;rj m,uq †k 60 we;=,;°
iemhqï l%shdkaú;hka l%shd;auljQ wdldrh
ms<sn| woyia ±k.ekSu i|ydo wms
m%Yak lSmhla weiqfjuq' bk†hdfõ fukau
Y%S ,xldfõo iïuqL idlÉPdj,g iyNd.S
jQjkaf.ka wvlg;a jvd m%ldY lf,a
wdydr fnodyeˉfï .=Kd;aulNdjh
idudkHfhka is≥jkjdg jvd jeä njhs'
kuq;a 40% la m%ldY lf,a wdydr
,nd.ekSug iy wdydr fnod yeˉug
fhdod.;a l%u ksid ;uka wjudkhg m;a
jQ njhs' tla m%;spdrlfhla mejiqfõ
§fïjd fnod ye˙h úêfhkqhs
iïnkaëlrKh l, wdldrfhkqhs wmsg
±kqfka wms ysÛkafkda lsh,d¶' bka†hdfõ°
iykdOdr lghq;=j, ishΩZ wxYj,
kdhl;ajh .kq ,enqfõ cd;Hka;r rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdkhs' tfukau bka†hdfõ°
mqoa.,sl wxYho widudkH f,i m%Odk
ldr®hNdrhla is≥ lr we;s nj fmfkkakg
;sfí'
fuys° w;ajQ uQ,sl m%;sM,j,ska m%Yakj,g
ms<s;=re imhkjdg jvd jeäfhka m%Yak
u;= jk nj fmfka' tkuq;a tajd ;=<ska
wdOdr iemehSfï ldr®hCIu;dj uekSfï°
iy ta i|yd bf.k .;a mdvï jvd;a
ixjr®Okh lsˉfï° fuu fÄojdplhg
uqyqK ≥ka ck;djf.a woyia we;=,;a
lr.ekSfï jeo.;alu fmkakqï fõ'
wksiahd f;dauia" *%sÜia wdh;kfha
l<uKdlrk wOHCIj˙hhs' (www.
fritzinstitute.org). úoHq;a ;emE,(
anisya.thomas@fritzinstitute.org
úu,d rdu,sx.ï, bka°h r;= l=rei
ixúOdkfha ysgmq uyf,alïj˙hhs' úoHq;a
;emE,( vimalaramalingam@yahoo.com
w;= fiú<s l<
ishΩ ksjdi
fida∞ ye˙
iqkdñh .fvd,ska
fyda fldkal%SÜ
n∞ufhka fyda
iE¥ ksjdij,go
nrm;, ydks
is≥ lf<ah.
bkskaolfrhs,
bka†hdj
48
FMR iqkdñ - ud,†jhsk
wysñ jQ wysxil;ajh( ud,†jhskg .e¨
iqkdñh
iqkdñh ud,†jhska ckrchg 2004 foieïnrfha° lvd je≥fka
uOqiuh .; lrk ksfla;khla f,iska tu rg ms,snoj f.dvkeÛS
;snq Ñ;a;rEmh tl /hska úm;a;s l,dmhla njg m;a lrñks'
y
r,a ¥m;a 1200 lska iukaú; fï
¥m;a iuQyh ;=< iqkdñh ksid
urKhg m;a „ú; .Kk weoysh
fkdyels ;rï wvq jqj;a ta o< r< fm<
Bg l< úkdYh kï iqΩmgq fkdùh'
■ rgjeishka 108 fofkla ñhf.dia
ke;a;ï w;=reoyka ù isáhy'
■ ckhd m†xÑj isá ¥m;a 199 ka 13 lu
ckhd uqΩukskau bj;a lrkq ,enQy'
■ u;=msg fmd<fõ w.kd ire mi uqyqog
fia° .sfhah'
■ ñY% wOHdmkh" fi!LH myiqlï"
m%jdyK" ikaksfõok" há;, myiqlï
hkd†h ¥m;a 100g jvd jeä
m%udKhlg wysñ úh'
■ f.j,a fodrj,a 10]la úkdY jQ w;r
;j;a úYd, m%udKhla leã ì° we;'
■ ckhd 15"000-30"000 w;r m%udKhla
^uqΩ ck.yKfhka 5-10] w;r
m%udKhla& wdrïNfha°u wj;eka jQy'
■ iqkdñ wdm∞j ksid ck.yKfhka
;=fkka tll „ú; fyda meje;au fyda
oreKq f,i wk;=rg ,la úh'
udr®;= udifha ueo jk úg wdKavqjg wh;a
wNHka;r jYfhka wj;eka jQ mqoa.,hska
ms,sn| lghq;= lrk tallh hg;ams˙fihska
fndfydald,hla ;siafia rg wNHka;rfha
wj;eka jQ mqoa.,hska 12"000 muK
isá;e'hs .Kka n,d ;sì◊' flfiafj;;a"
ienE ixLHdj ms,sn| Tjqka i;=j we;af;a
b;d iSñ; f;dr;=re m%udKhls' Bg fya;=j
f,i olajd we;af;a fï ck fldgia ks;r
tyd fuyd hdu;a Tjqka ;u úia;Sr®K
mjq,aj, irK me;Su;ah'
iqkdñhg f.d≥re jQ wfkl=;a fndfyda
rgj,a fuka iajNdúl úm;aj,g fyda
ikakoaO .egqïj,g fyda fuf;la
ud,†jhsk uqyqK ° fkd;snQ ksid fï yd
m˙udKhlska hq;a y†is ;;a;ajhlg
uqyqK°fï iQ∞kula trfÜ ;snqfka ke;'
úm;g l,ska tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ixúOdkh
trg ;=< b;du;a wju uÜgulska
l%shd;aulùu tu wNsfhda.h jvd;a nrm;,
ù hehs lsj yelsh (UNDP, UNICEF,
UNFPA, WHO hk ixúOdkj,g tys
;snqfka b;d l=vd ldr®hd, mu◊&' ud,†jhsk
rg wNHka;rfha ls%hd;aul jQ tlu
cd;Hka;r rdcH fkdjk ixúOdkh tlai;a
rdcOdksfha ;sfnk mqKHdh;khla jk
mdriduqøsl iafjÉPd fiajdj (VSO) mu◊'
m%dfoaYSh jYfhka l%shd;aul jQ rdcH
fkdjk ixúOdk wxYh b;d l=vd tlla úh'
m%cd fiajdfõ fhfok cd;Hka;r rgj,a
fndfyda .Kkla b,a¨ï l< fyhska o rg
wNHka;rfha wj;ekajQjka iïnkaOfhka
lghq;= lsˉu i|yd wdKavqj cd;sl
ie,iqula fkd;snQ fyhska o iqkdñ wdm∞jg
uqyqK ≥ka uq,a ojiaj,° ud,†jhska
wdKavqjg fndfyda mdvï bf.k.ekSug
is≥úh'
y†is iykdOdr iemhqï wjêfha°
c,h$wdydr$fT!IO jr®. fn∞ yeˉu" ú≥,s
n,h mqkre;a:dmkh ls˙u" f;dr;=re
tla/ia lsˉu hkd† w;HjYH
ls%hdldrlïj,g iSud mKjk iqúfYaI
idOlh jkafka m%jdyK myiqlïh'
ud,†jhskaj, N+f.da,Sh msysàu we;af;kau
fujka l%shdldrlïj,° t,a, lrkafka
iqΩmgq wNsfhda.hla fyu fkdfõ' ckhd
jdih lrk ¥m;a 199 úisˉ we;af;a W;=fr®
isg ol=Kg jkakg lsf,daógr 850la †.
máhla †f.ah' flfiafj;;a" fndfyda
m%jdyK há;, myiqlï iqkdñhg f.d≥re
ù ;sì◊ .=jkaf;dgqm,j,a" jrdhj,a"ceÜ yd
fndaÜgq úYd, jYfhka wk;=rg m;a ù
;sì◊' ,duq wfgd,a kï ¥mf;a ≥rl:k
myiqlï uqΩukskau wvd,j ;snQ w;r th
h:d ;;a;ajhg m;alsˉu i|yd †k
.Kkdjlau .; úh'
wNsfhda. iy úi≥ï
;;a;ajh tfiajqjo iyk b,a,d lrk ,o
wdhdpkhg ,enqKq m%;spdr kï by< úh'
úfYaIfhkau c,h yd wdydr iemhqï fn∞
yeˉu" fi!LHdrCIl myiqlï f.dvke.Su
hkd† l%shdldrlï fya;=fldgf.k jix.;
frda. me;srhEï fyda ñhhEï fyda isoaO
jQfha ke;' urK ixLHdj iqkdñh we;s jQ
fudfydf;a isoaO jQ tajdg muKla iSud úh'
ta flfiafj;;a" ud,†jhsk kï rgg
†.=ld,Sk jYfhka n,.;= wNsfhda.j,g
uqyqK fokakg is≥j ;sfí' fhdaO /,a,
we;s l<djQ ldhsluh" udkisluh yd
wdr®:sluh ydksh ms<silr lsˉug iy
iqkdñhg fmr ;snQ „jk m%ñ;Ska kej;
k.disgqùug wu;rj" fï l=vd ¥m;a iuQyh
uqyqK ° isák wdm∞YS,sNdjh wju
lr.ekSu i|yd jev lghq;= iqúYd,
m%udKhla l< hq;=j ;sfí' úfYaIfhkau"
f.da,Sh uÜgñka is≥jk foaY.=Ksl úmr®hdi
ksid wkd.;fha° trfÜ is≥fj;e'hs
wkdjels m< lr ;sfnk uqyq≥ uÜgu
by<hEu kï Nhdkl wdm∞jg tfrysj
lghq;= l< hq;=j ;sfí' wNHka;˙lj
wj;eka jQ ckhd keue;s jdoúIh wmg
tl fohla meye†,sju fmkakqï lr fohs'
tkï iqkdñfhka wdm∞jg m;ajQ mjq,a j,
iy m%cdjkaf.a wjYH;d imqrd,Sfï°
b;du;a m%fõYfuka iu;=,;
s whq˙ka wm
l%shdl, hq;= nj;a tajdf.au iuia: jYfhka
rfÜ oSr®> ld,Sk ixjr®Ok lghq;= j,go
ta iu.u wm wduka;%Kh l< hq;= nj;ah'
tlsfklg fjkia woaú;Sh .;s,CIK iy
±ä m%cd wkkH;djla iys;j ta ta ¥m;aj,
jdih lrk ck fldÜGdYj,ska ud,†jhsk
kï rfÜ „j;ajk cd;sh iukaú; fjhs'
fyhsä n%jqka
tneúka ;djld,sl ksjdi b†lsˉfï° úúO
ixialD;sl úfNao;dj,g i˙,k m˙oafoka
úúO úi∫ï ,nd fokakg is≥úh' m<uqj
¥m;a lSmhl fkajdisld.dr ffY,sfha
f.dvke.s,s idok ,o w;r tajdfha° ksok
iy jeisls,s myiqlï yjqf,a N=la;s
ú¢kakg is≥úh -ishΩ wdydrmdk ,ndfok
,oafoa uOHu uqΩ;ekaf.hla u.sks'
flfiafj;;a" cd;sl wdm∞ l<ukdlrK
uOHia:dkfha1 ujqre*a có,ag wkqj"
wNHka;˙lj wj;eka jQ fndfyda fofkla
fjk;a mjq,a iu. myiqlï fn∞ y∞.kakg
wleu;s jQ w;r wdydr ;u ;ukag
ms,sfh< lr.ekSug;a leue;a; olajkakdy'
wj;eka jQ fï ck fldgia w;fr® fuu
reÑwreÑlï jvd;a ;Sõr f,i m%ldY
jkafka ëjr lr®udka;" udΩ l,a;nd
.;yels m˙† ilia lsˉu" ixpdrl
lr®udka;h jeks wd∞hï Wmojk udr®.
wfydais ù hEu;a iu.h' tys m%;sM,hla
yeáhg" wj;ekajQjka i|yd b†jk
;djld,sl ksjdi ldur tall ;=kla iys;j
b† úh' tlla ksok ldurhhs" ;j;a tlla
l=iaishhs" wfkl jeisls,shhs'
tfy;a iuyr ¥m;aj, isák mjq,a whig
m;aù wj;eka ù isák mjq,a ;u ksfjiaj,
leue;af;kau r|jd .;ay' flfiafj;;a fï
;;a;ajh udi .Kka fyda wjqre≥ .Kka
;siafia" n,mj;ajk tlla jk fyhska
i;aldrl mjq,aj,g ord.; fkdyels ;rfï
nrla Wiq,kakg is≥jkq we;' wdKavqjg
wh;a <ud whs;sjdislï ms<sn| tallfha
fiajh lrk VSO <ud wdrCIK
WmfoaYsldj jk fá%is ,dr®uka fufia
mjihs· §ms˙ia ;onoh" mqoa.,sl ksoyig
meñfKk ndOd" udkisl mSvkh" ldxidj
hkd†h ksid i;aldrl mjq,aj,g;a
wNHka;r jYfhka wj;ekajQ mjq,aj,g;a
.egΩj,g uqyqK fokakg is≥jk w;r
<ud wdrCIKh iïnkaOfhka ;on,
n,mEï we;sjkakg mqΩjk¶' mqoa.,sl
ksoyi N=la;sú£ug w∞,j i;aldrl
ksfjiaj, yd ;djld,sl ,e.=ïfmd,j,aj,
mj;sk ;on, wvqmdvqlï ksid ia;S%ka iy
kjfhdjqka ;re◊hka m%pKav;ajhg iy
wmfhdackhg ,laùfï wjia:d jeänj;a
UNFPA ud,†jhska ldr®hd,h wk;=re
wÛjd ;sìK' udïcs,s ¥mf;a kdhlhd jk
w,s*a vd,a wj;ekajQjka kej;S isák
i;aldrl ksfjiaj, ñ≥f,a w;sfr®l ldur
;kkakg mgka.;a ksid fláld,Sk jYfhka
ksfjia ;=, mj;sk ;onoh u.yer
.kakg;a wka;sfï° l<.=K ie,lSula
jYfhka tu ldur i;aldrl mjq,g ms,s.
kajkakg;a mqΩjka úh' ta yefrkakg"
wdKavqj i;aldrl mjq,aj,g;a uQ,sl wdydr
iemhqï fn∞ ≥kafkah'
udr®;= udifha uq,° tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
udkjohdjd° lghq;= ms,sn| iïnkaëlrK
ldr®hd,h (OCHA) wNHka;˙l jYfhka
wj;ekajQjka uqyqK ° isák ;;a;ajhka
;lafiare lsˉu i|yd ¥; uKav,hla
ud,†jhskg tjQjdh' Tjqkaf.a wdrïNl
FMR iqkdñ - ud,†jhsk
jdr®;dj ks.uKh lf<a i;=gqúh yels
m%udKhl ;djld,sl ksjdi b†fldg ;sfnk
njh' flfiafj;;a cd;Hka;r udr®f.damfoaY
iïnkaOfhka cd;sl uÜgñkau fkd;snQ
wjfndaOh ksid" b†lsˉfï Od˙;dj f.da,Sh
m%ñ;Skag wkql+,j yev.iajd .kakg
wfmdfydi;aj ;sîu ksid" tlS ;djld,sl
ksjdi fï wvqmdvqq y˙.iaid.ekSï wáfhka
kej; ilia lrkakg is≥ úh'2
wkd.;h iïnkaOfhka f;dr;=re
,nd.ekSuys,d mj;sk wvqmdvq ksid
wj;ekajQjka w;fr® mj;sk ldxidjo
OCHA jdr®;dj biau;= fldg olajd ;sfí'
2005 wjqreoafoa udr®;= udifha° m%ldYhg
m;a l< tys cd;sl m%;sldrl yd
m%;sksr®udKl ie,iqug wkqj3 †.=ld,Sk
ie,iqï ilia lsˉfï° ud,†jhsk wdKavqj
rfÜ „j;ajk m%cdfjka Wmfoia ,nd.ekSug
ne£ isà' kej; m†xÑlrùu kue;s ≥Ialr
ld˙fha° ta ta ¥m;aj, jdih lrk ta ta
m%cdjkaf.a iqúfYaI wjYH;djhka
fidhdn,k njg ugqre*a có,a lshd
isáfhah'
ud,†jhska wdKavqj 1998 ° ck.yKh yd
ixjr®Okh ;yjqrelsˉfï ie,eiau y∫kajd
° we;af;a ¥m;a ckdjdiùu wvqqlsˉï iy
wNHka;˙l iafjÉPd ixl%uKh †˙.ekaùfï
wruqK we;=jh' fuu Wmdhg fya;= jQ
ldrKd fufia ±laúh yelsh(
Scott Leckie
■ ëjr iïm;a wvúj,g iómfhka jdih
lsˉu we;=Ωj úisˉ „j;aùu kue;s
ft;sydisl wjHY;djh m%jdyK
myiqlï" YS;lrK myiqlï"
fndaÜgqfõ†u uiqka ilialsˉfï myiqlï
wd†h ksid ;j≥rg;a j,x.= fkdùu'
■ ¥m;a 199ka 59]u ¥m;aj, ckhd
1000g;a wvq m%udKhla ne.ska jdih
lrk fyhska tlu há;, myiqlï iy
wysñ jQ wysxil;ajh( ud,†jhskg .e¨ iqkdñh 49
uyck fiajd kej; kej; ,nd°fuka
wdKavqj i;= iïm;a iy ñksian,
b;du;a oreKq f,i ;=kS ù hEu'
■ ;yjqrelsˉfï l%shd∞uh ksid ck;djg
Wiia uggfï úfYaI fiajd ,nd.ekSï
m%ia:jhka jeäùu'
n,.;= ¥m;a wkkH;djka ksid ta ta
¥m;a w;yer hk f,i ckhd fm<Uùu
fudk;rï ≥Ialr ld˙hlao hkak óg
fmrd;=j Tmamq ù ;sfí' tfy;a fndfyda
¥m;aj, há;, myiqlï lvd ì| úkdY
fldg ouñka uqΩuy;a m%cdju wj;eka
lrñka .e¨ iqkdñh úiska fï m%Yakh
m%;sixjr®Ok ie,iqï újdofha fmruqKgu
/f.k ú;a ;sfí' wjqre≥ ish.Kka ;siafia
ckhd „j;a jQ" tfy;a wdm∞YS,sNdjhg
b;du;a by< uÜgñka uqyqK ° isák" ¥m;a
kej; wdKavqj úiska f.dvke.sh hq;=o@
ke;a;ï jvd fyd| fiajdjka iy jvd fyd|
m˙ir wdrCIKhka iys; ¥m;aj, fuu
wj;eka jQ m%cdjka m†xÑlrùfï b,lalh
we;=j wdKavqj m%;sixjr®Ok wruqo,a iy
m%h;ak fhoúh hq;=o@
cd;sl m%;sldrl yd m%;sksr®udKl ie,iqqfï
fldgila yeáhg wdKavqj fï jkúg kej;
m†xÑ lrjk ckhd fjkqfjka ixjr®Okh
lsˉu i|yd i;aldrl ¥m;a myla f;dardf.
k ;sfí' kej; m†xÑùfï° m%uqL;ajh
,ndfokafka úYd, jYfhka ksjdi ydkshg
m;a jQ ¥m;aj, m†xÑj isá m%cdjkagh'
tfy;a wfkl=;a wdm∞YS,s ¥m;ajdiSkago
kej; m†xÑh i|yd b,a¨ï l< yelsh'
kej; m†xÑjkakg ckhd Wkka≥ lrjkq i|yd fuu i;aldrl ¥m;aj, my;
i|yka myiqlï ixjr®Okh lrkq we;'
■ m†xÑ iy m%cd myiqlï
■ mQr®K mrdihla mqrd úys≥Kq uyck
fiajd
■ úúOd.SlrKhg ,lajQ wdr®:sl wxY
■ wfkl=;a ¥m;a noaO lrjk hym;a
m%jdyK myiqlï
■ jeä≥r jr®Okhg bvlv ,ndfok
m˙oafoka f.dvke.=Kq há;, myiqlï
tu ¥m;a jQl,S wkd.;fha we;sjk iqkdñ
wdm∞ j, n,mEu wju lr .ekSu i|yd
wdrCIs; je,s l∫ b†lrK m%:u ¥m;a
úh yelsh' tajdf.au wkd.;fha° we;sjk
iqkdñ j,g idr®:lj uqyqK °u i|yd Wi
;Ügq f.dvke.s,s b†lrk m%:u ¥m;ao úh
yelsh' wk;=rej fuu iqkdñ wdrCIl Wmdhudr®. uqΩ rggu .,md .kq we;'
cd;sl m%;sldrl yd m%;sixjr®Ok ie,iqu
i|yka lrkafka §uqΩukskau mdfya b,a,Su
iy iafõÉPdj u; mokï jQ kej; m†xÑ
ùu yd fjk;a m%foaYj, bvï ,nd °u¶
.ekh' tfy;a m†xÑj isá m%foaYj,ska bj;a
fldg fjk;a m%foaYj, r|jd isák ck
fldgia l,amkd lrkafka fjk;a m%foaYj,ska
bvï ,nd°u tlaflda is≥jk ke;akï
fldfy;au is≥ fkdjk is≥êhla lshdh' ¥mf;a
m†xÑj isá ckhdf.ka nyq;rhg ¥m;
w;yer hdug wjYH kï ál fofkl=g
kej; ¥m;g f.dia leã ì£ .sh iajlSh
f.j,a f∞rj,a wΩ;a jeähd lrf.k m†xÑ
ùug;a iajlSh há;, myiqlï wΩ;a jeähd
lr.ekSu;a wmyiq jkq we;' leue;af;ka
kej; ¥mf;a m†xÑhg hk lSmfokdg jqjo
wΩ;a ;;a;ajhka j,g nrm;, whq˙ka
yev .efykakg isoaO jkjd we;' wdm∞j
fya;= fldgf.k ;uka w;a≥gq udkisl
le<eôu fkd;ld fufia yev.eiSug Tjqkg
is≥jkjd we;' tneúka m˙mQr®K ufkdaiudc
iyh °fï jev igyka tl†.gu †h;a
lrkakg o is≥jkjd we;'
whsI;a Iyq,d wyuâ foaYSh rdcH fkdjk
ixúOdkhla jk fi!LH wOHdmk ix.ufha
50
wysñ jQ wysxil;ajh( ud,†jhskg .e¨ iqkdñh
WmfoaYk iïnkaëldrl jk w;r cd;sl
wdm∞ l<ukdlrK uOHia:dkfha
ufkdaiudchSh iydh tallfha jevn,k
iïnkaëldrlj˙hhs' mqyqKq WmfoaYljreka
w;f,diaila yd tlu tl
ufkdaÑls;ailfhl= isák rgl udkisl
mSvkhg ,lajQ oyia.Kka ck;djg
ufkdaiudchSh iydh iemhSfï° uqyqK
fokakg is≥j ;sfnk woaú;Sh wNsfhda.h
wE úia;r l<dh' isoaêfhka miq jydu
iajlSh ld,h jeh lsˉu i|yd
iafjÉPdfjkau b†˙m;a jQ foaYSh
WmfoaYlhkaf.a Woõfjka m%;spdr ±laùu
wdrïN úh' t∞ mgka tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
UNFPA wdh;kfha wdOdr ,ndfok bkaoSh
r;=l=rei ix.uh §ufkda úoHd;aul m%:
udOdrʼ mqyqKqjla ,nd ≥ka w;r mqyqKqj
,enQ fuu ud,†jhska cd;sl lKavdhï ¥m;a
70g jvd ixpdrh fldg ;sfí' tys° Tjqka
uQ,sl ls%hdldˉ weyqïlka°fï /iaùï jdr
mj;ajd we;af;a ksr®foaY lrkakg iq≥iq
ufkdamSvkhg yiq jQ mqoa.,hska y∫kd.ekSu
i|ydh' tajdf.au TjqyQ UNICEF wdOdr
we;=j ;reK <uhska i|yd b;du;a idr®:l
f,i l,dj yd l%Svdj mdol fldg.;a
Ñls;aidjka Ndú;d l<y' foudmshka t†fk∞
„ú;h mj;ajdf.k hEu i|yd wjOdkh
fhduq lroa° <uqka wmuK ≥Ialr;dj,g
uqyqKmdk fyhska iómd;S;fha w;a±lSï
iu. tlÛ;ajhlg meïfKkakg tu
Ñls;aidjka <uhskag ufydamldˉ úh'
ufkdaiudchSh iyk tallh (PSU)
blau◊kau wdKavqfõ wud;HdxYhl
úêu;a wxYhla njg m;ajkq we;' ufkda
iudchSh iydh kï fuu ls%hdldrlu" óg
fmr Ndú;dfõ fkd;snQ wdm∞j,g m%;spdr
±laùfï l%shdudr®. iys;j ñka miq ffoksl
„ú;fha wx.hla njg ud,†jhskajdiS isú,a
ck;dj;a tys wdKavqj;a m;alrkq we;'
kq≥re w;S;fha l,n,ldˉ isoaëka iu.
noaO fkdù wkd.;h i|yd ie,iqï lsˉu
FMR iqkdñ - ud,†jhsk$wm%sldj
ñkaamiq W.yg jkq we;' b†˙fha t,efUk
ld,j,° iajNdjOr®uh l<ukdldrfhka
yelsjkq we;ehs n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjuq'
fyhsâ n%jqka ud,†jhsfka fi!LH
wud;HdxYhg wkqnoaOj lghq;= lrk
mdriuqøsl iafjÉPd fiajd ixúOdkfha
(VSO) (www.vso.org) fiaúldjls' fuu
,smsh weh ,shk ,oafoa ks, uágñka
fkdfõ'4 úoHq;a ;emE,(
heids_on_tour@yahoo.com
1. www.tsunamimaldives.mv
2. www.sphereproject.org
3. www.undp.org/bcpr/disred/documents/tsunami/maldives/
md_nrrp.pdf
4. l;=jre ud,osjhska UNFPA ixúOdkfha tud *Q¨" <ud
whs;sjdislï tallfha fá%is ,dr®uka" SHE ixúOdkfha
whsI;a Iyq,d wyuâ" cd;sl wdm∞ l<ukdlrk
uOHia:dkfha ujqre*a có,a" Oxfam GB ixúOdkfha udr®la
tjkaia" VSO ud,†jhsk ixúOdkfha Ysjd wdr®h,a"
ud,†jhsk UNICEF ixúOdkfha Wkaks is,afldafi;a yd
ud,†jhsfka wNHka;˙lj wj;ekajQjka ms,sn|j lghq;=
lrk tallfha wdpdr®h whsI;a Isydïg ia;+;sh mqo lr;s.
iqkdñh ms,sn| wm%sldkq mr®hdf,dalhla
nydfï fgdï kahkavq.d
f,dalh fmd≥ wdm∞YS,sNdjhka iys; f.da,Sh .ïudkhla nj;a ta
jdf.au wm%sldfõ wjYH;djka imqrd,Sfï° Bg iEuúgu ,efnkafka
fojk ia:dkh nj;a iqkdñh wmg isysm;a lr ° we;'
g
m;g f.d≥re jQ ol=Kq wdishdkq
rgj,a foi cd;Hka;r m%cdfõ
wjOdkh jeä jeäfhka fhduqjoa†"
ngysr bka†hdkq id.rfha lsf,daógr
yh∞yla muK wE;ska msysá iqkdñhg
f.d≥re jQ m%foaYhka fj; wjOdkh fhduq
lf<a uo jYfhks' geksidkshdfjka urK 10
o flkahdfjka 2 o jdr®;d jQ kuq;a jeäu
ydksh jdr®;d jQfha uOHu wdKavqjlska
f;dr" wjqre≥ 14la ;siafia hqoaOfhka yd
kshÛfhka †.ug neg lk" fidaud,shdfjks
(51 msgqfõ OCHA ,smsh n,kak&' tys urK
290 is≥ jQ w;r 54"000 w;rux jQy'
fjr<nv m†xÑ ckhdf.ka 75]gu wd∞hï
udr®. f.k≥ka ëjr fndaÜgq 600 úkdY
úh' Bidk†. fidaud,shdfõ y*qka iy
.rloa k.r w;r lsf,daógr 650la ;rï
†. ìï ;Srejl „j;ajk úúO m%cdjkaf.a
„ú; fï fya;=fjka fndfyda fihska wvd,
úh' tmuKla fkdj" ol=Kq fl<jfr® msysgd
;sfnk my< cqnd m,df;a fud.d†IQ
k.rhg ol=◊ka ;sfnk m%foaY;a tys
n,mEug k;= úh' iajhxmd,k l,dmhla
yeáhg m%ldYhg m;alrf.k ;sfnk
mQkaÜ,ka;hg is≥ ù ;sfnk ydksh
w;suy;ah' y*qka k.rfha há;, myiqlï
moaO;s iïmQr®Kfhkau úkdYúh' wdOdr
,nd.ekSu i|yd lghq;= lrk wdKavqjla
fidaud,shdjg ke;s ksid tu ld˙h i|yd
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a u. fmkaùu wkqj lghq;=
lsˉug Tjqkg is≥ ù we;' UNICEF iy
FAO ixúOdk fol ;uka i;= iSñ; iïm;a
m%udK fhd∞f.k wiSñ; jev fldgila lr
;sfnk kuq;a rfÜ wjYH;dj,g irs,k
m˙oafoka wdOdr imhk rgj, m%;spdrh
fidaud,shdjg ,eî ke;' wfm%a,a udifha
uq,° fidaud,shdj fjkqfjka tlai;a cd;Ska
úiska b†˙m;a lrk ,o 205 taldnoaO
wdhdpkh i|yd fmdfrdka≥ jQ wruqo,aj,ska
fï jkúg ,eî we;af;a 3] mu◊'
bka†hdkq k.rfha msysgd ;sfnk iSfI,a
¥m;aj, m†xÑ jeishka fofofkl= ñh .sh
w;r mjq,a 900g Tjqkaf.a ksjdi wysñ úh'
iqkdñ /, myr ksid we;s jQ uyd c,
.e,afuka ufya iy mqia,ska hk ¥m;aj,
jrdh" uyd udr®. cd,h" md,ï" fmd≥
myiqlï ia:dk" ksjdi jeks m%jdyK há;,
myiqlïj,g o mqoa.,sl foafmd,j,g o
nrm;, ydks muqKqjkq ,eîh' rch úiska
;lafiare lr we;s wkaoug wΩ;ajeähd
lsˉfï lghq;= i|yd fvd,r® ñ,shk 30
wjYH jkq we;' flfiafj;;a m%;spdr
±laùfuys,d cd;Hka;r m%cdj ukao.dó;ajhla
fmkakqï lrhs' uehs udfia uq,° iSfI,a
rch tlai;acd;Skaf.a bka†hdkq id.r
CI◊l wjYH;d wdhdpk IOFA jevigyfkka ,enqfka tlai;a ckmo fvd,r® ñ,shk
11'5 jYfhka weia;fïka;= lr ;snQ uqo,ska
fvd,r® ñ,shk 4'4 l uqo,la mu”' ta
ksidu ie,iqï fldg ;snQ mqkre;a:dmk
jHdmD;s wdrïN lsˉu m%udo lrkakg is≥
úh'
iqkdñhg f.d≥re jQ wjidk wm%sldkq rgj,a
fol jQfha flkahdj iy gekaidkshdjhs'
fjr<nv ixpdrhl ksfla;kj, isá
ixpdrllhska fndfyda fokd bj;alr .kq
,enqjo tu m%jD;a;sh l,g fõ,djg
fkd,enqKq ms˙ilaa ñh .shdy' ishΩ foa lvd
ì| iqkanqka lr ouñka ta ureleojQ /,a,
f.kd uyd úm;a;sh ms,sn| f;dr;=re
ikaksfõokh lsˉfï hdka;%Khla wm%sldkq
n,Odˉka i;=j fkd;snq◊' b¢ka fï
iqkdñfhka meye†,s jkafka isú,a wdrCCIdj
iQ∞kï lr.ekSfï iy ydksh wju
lr.ekSfï jevigyka wm%slddj ;=,
ixúOdkh lr .ekSfï wjYH;djhhs' fï
wjYH;djh wjfndaOlr.;a Ök wdKavqj
iy Ök r;= l=rei iudch gekaidkshdfõ
wdm∞j,g olajk m%;spdrfha Od˙;dj
f.dvke.Su i|yd wdOdr lr we;'
iqkdñfha n,mEug b;d nrm;, f,i yiq
jQ wm%sldkq ckhdg" m%cdjkag"rdcHhkag óg
jvd Wmldr lsˉug cd;Hka;r m%cdjg
yelshdj ;sfí' fuu wdm∞jg;a wkd.;fha°
wm%sldj uqyqK †h yels iajdNdúl
wdm∞j,g;a oelafjk ishΩ m%;spdr yev.
iajd.; hq;af;a wNHka;˙l jYfhka
wj;ekajQjka fjkqfjka lghq;= lsˉu i|yd
tlai;a cd;Ska úiska y∫kajd ° ;sfnk
udr®f.damfoaYl m%;sm;a;sj, w∞,;ajh
ms,s.ksñks'
nydfï fgdï kahkavq.d udkj yd ck;d
whs;Ska ms,sn| wm%sldkq fldñifï
idud‚lfhls' wm%sldfõ irKd.;hska"
wdrCIdj m;kakjqka" wNHka;˙l jYfhka
wj;ekajQjka ms,sn|j lghq;= lrk úfYaI
iïnkaëldrljrhdh' úoHq;a ;emE,:
btomn@yahoo.com
51
FMR iqkdñ - wm%sldj
fidaud,shdfõ ±kg mj;akd wdm∞YS,sNdjh
iqkdñfhka miq ;j;a ;Sõr fjhs
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a udkjohdjd° lghq;= ms,sn| iïnkaëlrK ldr®hd,h" fidaud,shdj
os.=ld,Sk kshÛh" wkfmaCIs; iS;, jr®Idj" l=Kdgq" m%pKav l%shd"
j˙kajr we;sjk .xj;=r wd†h fya;=fldgf.k tajk úg;a u;=j ;snQ
nrm;, udkj ohdjd° ;;a;ajh iqkdñh ksid ;j ;j;a oreKq úh'
kdñ myr je≥fka kshÛh wjika ù
ck „ú;h uqyqK foñka isá
wf;drla ke;s lïmdj,ska hdï;ñka
ñ° f.dv tkakg mgkaf.k isá
fudfyd;lh' thska fjr,nv ;Srfha úYd,
fldgilg ±ä n,mEula we;s úh'
úfYaIfhka mqkaÜ,ka; m,df;a W;=relrfha
msysá y*qka k.rfha isg ol=Kqlrfha
fl<jru msysá .rloa k.rh olajd
lsf,daógr 650 l ;rï ;Srejla Bg
f.d≥re úh' iqkdñfha m%;sm,hla yeáhg
„ú; ydks isoaO jQfhah· há;, myiqlï
leã ì° .sfhah· c,dY yd c, myiqlïj,g
wmøjH ñY% úh· „ú;h mj;ajdf.k hEug
wjYH lrk ≤ rdYs jYfhka ke;s ù
.sfhah' mjq,a 7300 ;rï m%udKhl
idud‚lhkaj isá 44"000 ;rï ckldhlg
udkjohdjd° wdOdr jydu wjYH úh'
mdkSh c,h" wdydr" fT!IO jdf.au m†xÑj
isá ksjdi kej; iïmQr®Kfhka f.dvke.Su"
ke;a;ï wΩ;ajeähd lsˉu" jydu wjYH
úh' fjr<nv .ïudkj, m†xÑj isá
fndfyda ckhdf.a „jfkdamdh;a ke;a;gu
ke;s ù ;sìK'
by<u wiajekak ,efnk iufha°
^Tlaf;danr® isg fmnrjd˙ olajd& ëjr
lr®udka;h i|yd fidaud,s ckhdf.ka
iEfyk m%udKhla fjr<nv .ïudk lrd
wefokafka uiqka ueˉug" lrj, fõ,Sug
iy fj<|fmd,g udΩ mgjd heùugh'
tfyhska iqkdñ r< myr jefokúg
fjr<nv isá ck m%udKh idudkH
m%udKhg jvd fnfyúka jeä ù ;snq◊' tys
m%;sm,h jQfha ëjrhska 289 fofkl= ñh
hduh$w;=reoykaùuh' fjr<nv m†xÑj
isák m%cdjkaf.a m%Odk wd∞hï Wmojk
udr®.h jk ëjr lr®udka;hg fï ksid we;s
jQ ydksh o iqΩmgq fkdfõ'
fidaud,shdfõ „j;ajk f.dmÆ mjq,aj,
iuyr idud‚lhka c,h iy ;Kìï
fidhñka iajlSh i;a;aj rxpq olaldf.k
wjqreoafoa fndfyda ld,hla ;siafia ;ekska
;ek hk w;fr®° mjqf,a b;s˙ idud‚lhka
uQ,sl fiajdjka ,nd.; yels fmfoiaj,
k;r ù isákjd ols; yels úh' tl †.gu
wjqre≥ y;rla ;siafia meje;s ±ä kshÛfhka
;u i;a;aj rxpq wysñj" uy;a ≥laÅ;
;;a;ajhlg uqyqK ° isá" iuyr f.dmÆ
ckhd rdYs jYfhka fjr<nv m<d;aj,go
weú;a isáfha úl,am cSjk udr®. fidhd
f.kh' tys° iqkdñh ksid Tjqka i;=j ;snQ
b;s˙ fiai;o ke;a;gu ke;s ù .sfhah'
iqkdñh hkq fndfyda tfår ckhdg
idïm%Odhsl Tfrd;a;=°fï Wmdhudr®.j,
wjidk w†hrh úh'
iqkdñ wdm∞jg ,lajQ m%foaY muKla fkdj
fidaud,shdfõ wfkl=;a m%foaY ;=,o wdydr
yd „ú; iïnkaOfhka mj;sk wkdrCIdj;a
WmøjYS,sNdjh;a ukdj rc hkafkah' f,dal
wdydr yd lDIsldr®ñl ixúOdkfha (FAO)
wdydr wdrCIK úYaf,aIK tallh úiska
2005 wjqreoafoa uq,a ojiaj, ksl=;a lrkq
,enQ mYapd;a fláld,Sk jr®Idm;k
;lafiarej wkqj 500,000 jvd wêl
ckldhlg y†is udkjohdj° wdOdr †.gu
,nd°u wjYHh' Bg fya;=ka kï tu
ck;dj úiskau m˙irh nd,a≥ lsˉu ksid
u;= ù ;sfnk .egΩh' kshÛh$.xj;=r$isú,a
flda,dy,$fj<πug ;sfnk ndOd wd†h ksid
u;= ù ;sfnk .egΩh' Bg wu;rj
370"000g wdikak ;rï rg wNHka;rfha
wj;eka jQ ck fldgila b;du;a ≥Ialr
b;du;a ≥mam;a ‚ú; .; lrñka isákakdy'
uQ,sl fiajdjka fyda wd∞hï Wmojk udr®.
fyda w;am;a lr.ekSu i|yd Tjqkg weˉ
we;af;a wju bvlvh' m%dfoaYSh .egqï ksid
≥la ú¢k" kshÛfhka miq hï;ñka TΩj
Wiaiñka isák" m%foaYj, jik ckhd
w;fr® 20]g;a jvd by< m%udKhlska
ukaofmdaIKh me;sˉ ;sfnk nj
jdr®;dfjñka mj;S' úfYaIfhkau cqnd iy
f.fvda m,d;aj, fï ;;a;ajh oreKqh'
iqkdñ wdm∞jg CI◊lj m%;spdr ±lajQ
cd;Hka;r m%cdj úm;g m;a ck;dj fj;
,Ûdjkakg ;snQ ≥Ialr;d" fmd≥fõ
n,meje;ajQ wkdrCIs;Ndjh" yqol,dj"
≥r®j, uxudj;a yd há;, myiqlï hkd†h
fkd;ld ydkshg m;a m%cdjkag iyk
i,ikakg jyd b†˙m;a úh' 2005
fmnrjd˙fha° wka;r®-tackaishla" fyj;a nyq
wxYhSh we.ehqul fhfoñka isá ¥;
uKav,hla" ia:sr jYfhkau mjid isáfha
wdm∞jg ,lajQ ck fldgiaj,g wjYH
udkjohdjd° iykdOdr úYd, jYfhka ,nd
≥ka njh' tfia l< yels jQfha l,ska .nvd
lr ;snQ iykdOdr f;d. iy bka°h id.r
CI◊l wdhdpk wdh;kfhka (IOFA) ,enqKq
wruqo,a mdúÉÑ fldg ñ, ° .;a w;sfr®l
iykdOdr fhdojd .ekSfuka nj jeä≥rg;a
tu ¥; uKav,h lshd isáfhah' 2005
wjqreoafoa Tlaf;danr®
udifha° t,efUk B<Û
iqkdñh hkq fndfyda tfår ckhdg idïm%Odhsl
ëjr wiajkq udih f;la
ydkshg ,la jQ ck;djf.ka
Tfrd;a;=°fï Wmdhudr®.j, wjidk w†hrh úh'
40] ;rï m%udKhlg
fkdlvjd „j;aùu i|yd
iqkdñhg ,lajQ ck fldgiaj, y†is
iykdOdr ,ndfok f,i ksr®foaY l< tu
wjYH;djka bgq lsˉu i|yd olajk ,o
¥; uKav,h iajlSh m%;spdr ie,iqï CI◊l
iqúYd, m%;spdrfhka miq ±ka wjOdkh
.,jd.ekSïj, isg mqkre;a:dmk l%shdldrlï
fhduq ù mj;skafka fjk;a wdm∞jkag ,laù
olajd fjkia lf<ah'
isák ck lKavdhï fj;h' il, wjOdkh
fï jkúg tlai;a cd;Skaf.a ks;H fidud,shd
lKavdhu iqkdñ wdm∞jg ,la jQ m%foaY
i|yd wjYH taldnoaO ixjr®Ok jHdmD;sfha
ie,eiau wjika lrñka isà' fï
fya;=fldgf.k w;sfr®l jYfhka mek
ke.=Kq fuu iqkdñ wdm∞ m%;spdr fidud,shdj
wo uqyqK ° isák nrm;, udkjohdjd°
;;a;ajh kue;s mqΩ,a ikaor®Nh iu.
taldnoaO lsˉug ms<sjka jkjd we;' ta jdf.
au tjeks taldnoaOhla fya;=fjka iqkdñ
m%;spdr wfkl=;a udkjohdjd° wjYH;d
l,amkdjg .ksñka tajdg iudkqmd;sl jk
f,i ilid .kakg mqΩjkajkjd we;'
§wmg lkav b;=re fj,d
;sfhkafka tlu tl fohhs'
Tfya,f.a g%laj,ska
weúiafik ≥ú,a,¶
iqkdñfhka úm;g m;a jQ ck fldgiaj,
fhduq l< ksidu fjk;a wdm∞j,g
uqyqKfoñka wk;=fr® miqjk ‚ú; fírd.
ekSfï jHdmD;s wvd, úh' iïm;a fn∞°fï°
iudkd;au;djd° f,i;a iudkqmd;sl f,i;a
tajd fn∞°fï wjYH;djh .ek iqkdñfhka
ydkshg m;a fjr<nv m%foaYj,g wdOdr
/f.k hk nj ≥gq tla tfårla ;u
woyi m< lf<a fufiah( §wmg lkav
b;=re fj,d ;sfhkafka tlu tl fohhs'
Tfya,f.a g%laj,ska weúiafik ≥ú,a,¶'
fuu ,smsh ,shk ,oafoa fidaud,shdfõ msysá
tlai;a cd;Skaf.a udkjohdjd° lghq;=
iïnkaëlrK ldr®hd,fha (OCHA) kshq;=
ldr®h uKav,h úisks' jeä≥r f;dr;=re
i|yd fuu joHq;a ;emE,g fhduqjkak(
dilorenzoa@un.org ke;akï
nduta@un.org
ixl,am rEm Y%S ,xldfõ uvl,mqj †ia;%slalfha „j;ajk <uhska úiska is;a;ï lrk ,o is;=jï 62 l tl;=jlsks' wjqre≥ 5 isg
16 olajd jhia iSudj, isák <uhska úiska Ñ;% ksr®udKh lr we;af;a re≥re iqkdñh ms,sn| ;u fõokdldrS u;lhka uld ±óug
orK ,o W;aidyhla jYfhks' fï Ñ;% 2005 wjqreoafoa foieïnr® udifha fõ,aia yS cd;sl l,dNjkfha° m%or®Ykh lsˉug
kshñ; w;r miqj wka;r®cd, ikaksfõokh Tiafia fjkafoais lrkq we;af;a <ud wkd:d.drhla f.dvke.Su msKsi wruqo,la
iïmdokh lsˉu i|ydh' tu wkd:d.drh b†jkq
we;af;a fï <uqkaf.ka jeäfokd „j;a jQ" tajdf.au
oYl folla mqrd mj;sk .egqï fya;=fjka ±kgu;a
wkd: jQ <uqka isák" losrfõ,s .ïudkfhkah'
Living Heritage Trust kï foaYSh ixúOdkh f,dalh
mqrd jdih lrk iafjÉPd fiajlhkaf.a iydh
we;=j iqkdñ wdm∞jg ,la ù †ú.,jd.;a whf.a
„ú; kej; f.dvkeÛSfï ldr®hfha fh° isà.
b†˙fha° meje;afjk fï fjkafoaishg iyNd.sùug
FMR mdGlhskg yels fõ' ;jo ;u m˙;Hd.
my; i|yka ,smskhg tùugo mqΩjk(
Llanwrtyd Wells Tsunami Appeal, HSBC, 35 High
Street, Builth Wells, Powys LD2 3DL, Wales, UK.
Account number 41390856. Sort code 40-15-14
l,dlD;s iy fjkafoaish .ek jeä≥r úia;r
±k.ekSu i|yd úuikak(
Gwyneth Keeble, tel + 44
(0)1591 610645; email
Terry9254@aol.com
Living Heritage Trust ixúOdkh
iy <ud is;a;reka .ek
f;dr;=re ±k.ekSu i|yd
http://livingheritage.org iy
http://news.websfor.com/
lankarelief/home/home.
lankarelief
asp?A969 fjí wvúj,g
msúfikak' ke;a;ï 46-C,
Fisherman Road, Tiruchendur, Kallady, Batticaloa, Sri
Lanka hk ,smskhg ,shkak'
≥rl:kh:
≥rl:kh
+94 77 318 4484
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