Applications for Radiation Hardened Analogue and Mixed-Signal ASICs
A radiation-hardened and low flicker noise ASIC preamplifier designed
in CMOS technology for the ultra-sensitive ESA JUICE search coil
magnetometer
A. Rhouni1, G. Sou2, M. Mansour1 and C. Coillot1
1: Plasma
Physics Laboratory - LPP (CNRS - X - UPMC)
2: Electronics and Electromagnetism Laboratory – L2E (UPMC)
AMICSA 2014, CERN – Geneva – Switzerland June 29 – July 1
Mission: JUICE for JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (ESA mission)
- For launch in 2022 – arrival in 2030
- To observe Jupiter's atmosphere and
magnetosphere, and the interaction of all four
Galilean satellites with the gas giant planet
- It will carry a total of 11 scientific experiments
Our contribution: Ultra-sensitive Search Coil Magnetometer and ASIC Electronics
The SCM will operate in 0.1 Hz - 20 kHz
Temperature = 123 °K up to 373 °K
TID = 300 krads
The NASA/MMS SCM
(launching in 2015)
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
2
Sensitivity is defined by the Noise Equivalent Magnetic Induction (NEMI) of the sensor
𝑵𝑬𝑴𝑰 𝒇 =
𝑷𝑺𝑫𝒐𝒖𝒕 (𝒇)
𝑻(𝒋𝝎)𝟐
Expressed in [T/sqrt(Hz)]
and defined as the
output noise related to
the transfer function of
the induction
magnetometer.
𝟔𝟎𝟎
𝟔
𝒇𝑻
𝑯𝒛
𝒇𝑻
𝑯𝒛
𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒔 𝟒
𝒓𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒊𝒓𝒆𝒔 𝟐. 𝟕
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
𝒏𝑽
𝑯𝒛
𝒏𝑽
𝑯𝒛
𝒐𝒇 𝒏𝒐𝒊𝒔𝒆 @ 𝟏𝟎 𝑯𝒛
1/f noise
𝒐𝒇 𝒏𝒐𝒊𝒔𝒆 @ 𝟏 𝒌𝑯𝒛
Thermal noise
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
3
Principle of the SCM
Principal: Lenz-Faraday’s Law
𝑑Φ
𝑑𝐵
𝑒 = −𝑁
= −𝑁 𝑆
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑡
High magnetic gain: because of the use of a ferromagnetic
core
L = 10 cm
𝐺𝑚𝑎𝑔
D = 4 cm
d = 1 cm
N = 19600
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
𝐵
=
𝐵𝑒𝑥𝑡
𝒅𝑩𝒆𝒙𝒕
𝒆 = −𝑵 𝑺 𝑮𝒎𝒂𝒈
𝒅𝒕
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
4
Principle of the feedback flux
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
5
Principle of the feedback flux
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
6
The preamplifier specifications
𝟒
Equivalent Input Noise
𝟐. 𝟕
𝒏𝑽
𝑯𝒛
@ 𝟏𝟎 𝑯𝒛
𝒏𝑽
𝑯𝒛
@ 𝟏 𝒌𝑯𝒛
Minimum Gain: 80 dB
Power consumption: < 30 mW
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
7
The chosen preamplifier design
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
8
Flicker and thermal noises modeling for the Preamplifier’s first stage
The total equivalent input noise equation:
Design parameters:
𝑊1
𝑊2
20 000 µ𝑚
=
=
𝐿1
𝐿2
10 µ𝑚
𝐼𝑑1 = 𝐼𝑑2 = 300 µ𝐴
𝑅1 = 𝑅2 = 10 𝑘Ω
 A = 34.64 dB and ein0 = 3.7 nV / √H @ 10 Hz
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
9
Flicker and thermal noises modeling for the Preamplifier’s second stage
The total equivalent input noise equation:
Design parameters:
𝑊4
𝑊5
4000 µ𝑚
=
=
𝐿4
𝐿5
10 µ𝑚
𝑊6
𝑊7
20 µ𝑚
=
=
𝐿6
𝐿7
10 µ𝑚
𝐼𝑑4 = 𝐼𝑑5 = 300 µ𝐴
 A = 63.77 dB and ein1 = 51.8 nV / √H @ 10 Hz
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
10
Both the first and the second stage combined in an open-loop configuration
 A = 98.95 dB and eout = 335 µV / √H @ 10 Hz
ein = 3.85 nV / √H @ 10 Hz
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
11
Preamplifier specifications (from simulation)
1/f Noise = 3.92 nV / √H @ 10 Hz
Thermal Noise = 2.45 nV/ √H
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
Gain = 83 dB
Power consomption = 16 mW (+/- 3V)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
12
Fabricated ASIC and test board
ASIC in a
SOIC 16
PT 100
First JUICE ASIC prototype (5 mm2)
designed in AMS 0.35 µm CMOS
technology
Characterization printed board
(designed to be used in a Cryostat
for Cryogenic measurements)
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
13
Room temperature measurements: Gain
Juice Preamplifier Transfer Function
82,5 dB
Gain (dB)
83
78
0,1
1
10
100
Frequency (Hz)
1000
10000
Room temperature measurements: Input Noise
Juice Preamplifier Equivalent Input Noise (nV/sqrt(Hz))
1,E-07
4 nV/sqrt(Hz)
1,E-08
1,E-09
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
0,1
2.7 nV/sqrt(Hz)
1
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
10
100
Frequency (Hz)
1000
10000
15
TID effect on the transfer function of the ASIC preamplifier
83,0
Preamplifier's gain (dB) for a TID of 325 krad
82,5
82,0
81,5
81,0
TID = 0 rad
TID = 325 krads
80,5
10,00
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
100,00
1 000,00
Frequency (Hz)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
10 000,00
100 000,00
16
TID effect on the equivalent input noise of the ASIC preamplifier
Preamplifier Equivalent Input Noise under radiations (up to 325 krads)
Equivalent Input Noise (nV/sqrt(Hz))
14
TID = 325 krads
TID = 0 rads
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
10
100
1 000
10 000
Frequency (Hz)
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
17
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
18
JUICE preamplifier Equivalent Input Noise
100
Be (V/sqrt(Hz)) at 377°K
Be (V/sqrt(Hz)) at 300°K
Be (V/sqrt(Hz)) at 170°K
nV/sqrt(Hz)
Be (V/sqrt(Hz)) at 77°K
5 nV / sqrt(Hz)
2.7 nV / sqrt(Hz)
10
3.3 nV / sqrt(Hz)
1.5 nV / sqrt(Hz)
1
0,1
1
10
100
1000
10000
Frequency (Hz)
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
19
Conclusion
•
•
•
The Search-Coil Magnetometer (SCM) principle was explained
The ASIC preamplifier system design was presented
A complete modeling of the preamplifier noise contribution was given
•
The preamplifier performances are proved by measurements:
- Gain = of 83 dB
- Power consumption of 16 mW
- Input flicker noise = 4 nV/sqrt(Hz) at 10 Hz
- Thermal noise = 2.7 nV/sqrt(Hz).
•
Radiations tests were done up to a TID of 325 krads and no significant
degradation in noise and gain was observed.
•
The preamplifier is characterized in the T° range: 77 °K up to 373 °K
Perspectives
•
A supply voltage regulation (under routing) using a bandgap voltage reference,
which operates from 77 °K up to 373 °K will be integrated to the preamplifier
in the second prototype of JUICE ASIC
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
20
A. Rhouni (LPP/CNRS)
AMICSA 2014 - Geneva - Switzerland
21