‫آزﻣﻮن ﻏﻴﺮﺣﻀﻮري‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
‫ﺑﻨﻴﺎد ﻋﻠﻤﻲ آﻣﻮزﺷﻲ ﻗﻠﻢﭼﻲ » وﻗﻒ ﻋﺎم«‬
‫دﻓﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي‪ :‬ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎن اﻧﻘﻼب ﺑﻴﻦ ﺻﺒﺎ و ﻓﻠﺴﻄﻴﻦ – ﭘﻼك ‪923‬‬
‫‪021-8451 ‬‬
‫ﭘﺪﻳﺪآورﻧﺪﮔﺎن‬
‫آزﻣﻮن ﻏﻴﺮﺣﻀﻮري ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
‫)‪ 24‬ﻣﺮداد ﻣﺎه ‪(93‬‬
‫ﻃﺮاﺣﺎن‬
‫ﻧﺎم درس‬
‫زﺑﺎن اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺎم ﻃﺮاﺣﺎن‬
‫ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﺑﺎﻳﻮﺳﻔﻲ‪ ،‬ﺳﭙﻴﺪه ﭘﻮردﻳﻬﻴﻤﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﭘﻴﺮﺑﺪاﻗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﺧﻠﻔﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺮام دﺳﺘﮕﻴﺮي‪ ،‬ﺣﺒﻴﺐاﷲ ﺳـﻌﺎدت‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺟـﺎن ﺷـﻴﺨﻲ‪،‬‬
‫وﺣﻴﺪ ﻋﺴﮕﺮي‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﻏﺎﻳﺒﻲ‪ ،‬ﺷﻬﺮام ﻛﺮﻳﻢزاده‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﻠـﻮﻓﺮ ﻛـﺸﺘﻴﺎري‪ ،‬ﺣـﺴﻴﻦ ﻛﻴـﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺷـﻬﺮاد ﻣﺤﺠـﻮﺑﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻬـﺮوز ﻣﺮادآﺑـﺎدي‪ ،‬اﻣﻴـﺪ ﻳﻌﻘـﻮﺑﻲﻓـﺮد‪،‬‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﻳﻮﺳﻒزاده‬
‫ﮔﺰﻳﻨﺸﮕﺮان و وﻳﺮاﺳﺘﺎران‬
‫ﻧﺎم درس‬
‫زﺑﺎن اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫ﮔﺰﻳﻨﺸﮕﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺮﺟﺎن ﺷﻴﺨﻲ‬
‫وﻳﺮاﺳﺘﺎر‬
‫ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ ﻓﻼﺣﺖﭘﻴﺸﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﭘﻴﺮﺑﺪاﻗﻲ‬
‫وﻳﺮاﻳﺶ اﺳﺘﺎد‬
‫ﮔﺮوه ﻓﻨﻲ و ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮ ﮔﺮوه‬
‫ﻣﺴﻌﻮد اﻋﺘﺼﺎﻣﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮل دﻓﺘﺮﭼﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻌﺼﻮﻣﻪ ﺷﺎﻋﺮي‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺳﺎزي و ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺖ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺼﻮﺑﺎت‬
‫ﺣﺮوفﻧﮕﺎري و ﺻﻔﺤﻪآراﻳﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺎﻇﺮ ﭼﺎپ‬
‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﻳﻢ ﺻﺎﻟﺤﻲ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮل دﻓﺘﺮﭼﻪ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻃﻤﻪ ﻓﻼﺣﺖﭘﻴﺸﻪ‬
‫زﻫﺮا ﻛﺎﻇﻢﭘﻮر‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﺳﻌﺪآﺑﺎدي‬
‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ﺳﺆاﻻت زﺑﺎن ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ‪7 .....................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ زﺑﺎن ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ ‪13 ......................................................................................................................‬‬
‫ﺑﻨﻴﺎد ﻋﻠﻤﻲ آﻣﻮزﺷﻲ ﻗﻠﻢﭼﻲ » وﻗﻒ ﻋﺎم«‬
‫دﻓﺘﺮ ﻣﺮﻛﺰي‪ :‬ﺧﻴﺎﺑﺎن اﻧﻘﻼب ﺑﻴﻦ ﺻﺒﺎ و ﻓﻠﺴﻄﻴﻦ ﭘﻼك ‪ – 923‬ﺗﻠﻔﻦ‪021-8451 :‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
3 :‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
(‫ ﻣﺮداد‬24) Bridging the gap
Unit Three
When a Computer Error is a Fatal Mistake
Our lives depend on computers. They control our money, transport, and our exam results. Yet their
programs are now so complex that no one can get rid of all the mistakes.
(0 G
)
Life without computers has become unimaginable. They are designed to look after so many boring but
essential tasks- from microwave cooking to flying across the Atlantic –that we have become dependent on
them.
(1 ____)
But as the demands placed on computers grow, so have the number of incidents involving computer errors.
Now computer experts are warning that the traditional ways of building computer systems are just not good
enough to deal with complex tasks like flying planes or maintaining nuclear power stations. It is only a
matter of time before a computer-made catastrophe occurs.
(2 ____)
As early as 1889, a word entered the language that was to become all too familiar to computer scientists: a
“bug”, meaning a mistake. For decades bugs and “debugging” were taken to be part of every computer
engineer’s job. Everyone accepted that there would always be some mistakes in any new system. But “safety
critical” system that fly planes, drive trains or control nuclear power stations can have bugs that could kill.
This is obviously unacceptable.
(3 ____)
One way to stop bugs in computer systems is to get different teams of programmers to work in isolation
from each other. That way, runs the theory, they won’t all make the same type of mistake when designing
and writing computer codes.
In fact research shows that programmers think alike, have the same type of training and make similar
mistakes. So even if they work separately, mistakes can still occur. Another technique is to produce back up
systems that start to operate when the first system fails. This has been used on everything from the space
shuttle to the A320 airbus, but unfortunately problems that cause one computer to fail can make all the
others fail, too.
(4 ____)
A growing number of computer safety experts believe the time has come to stop trying to “patch up”
computer systems. They say programmers have to learn to think clearly and to be able to demonstrate
through mathematical symbols that the programs have to live with the results of computer bugs.
4 :‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
(‫ ﻣﺮداد‬24) Bridging the gap
(5 ___)
Of course, more often than not the errors are just annoying, but sometimes they can come close to causing
tragedies. On the Piccadilly line in London’s Underground a driver who was going south along a track got
confused while moving his empty train through a cross-over point. He started to head north straight at a
south-bound train full of people. The computerized signaling system failed to warn him of impending
disaster and it was only his quick human reactions that prevented a crash.
A:Now read the text again and choose a heading for each paragraph from the list below.
There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. The first one has been done for
you.
a. An old problem with serious consequences.
b. Two new approaches, but can they solve the problem?
c. A potentially tragic error.
d. But are they here to stay?
e. Experts say “Bring back math!”
f. Old methods are no longer satisfactory.
g. We couldn’t live without them.
B:Find words or phrases in the text with the following meanings:
1. impossible to imagine (para. 0)
……………………
2. needing support from (para. 0)
……………………
3. long-established, conventional (para. 1)
……………………
4. sudden great disaster (para. 1)
……………………
5. often seen or heard (para. 2)
……………………
6. not good enough (para. 2)
……………………
7. separately (para. 3)
……………………
8. support (para. 3)
……………………
9. terrible events that cause great sadness (para. 5)
10. about to happen (para. 5)
……………………
……………………
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
5 :‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
(‫ ﻣﺮداد‬24) Bridging the gap
Further Reading
Servants of the Future
How soon will it be before robots become so intelligent that they will be able to do jobs which at the moment
only human beings can do, such as teaching languages or looking after patients in hospital? Some experts
believe this will soon happen within twenty years while others disagree.
One London company, UAS (Universal Automated Systems) has already developed machines that can be
used as “home-helps” for old people unable to look after themselves and who are living on their own or in
special homes. These machines can now do such things as cooking eggs and cleaning the floor, and the
company says that future models will accept simple voice instructions and be controlled by a “brain” that is
the equivalent of the latest IBM microcomputer. The director of UAS, Mr. Henry Jeffries, believes that in
the next five to ten years companies will have developed even more sophisticated robots for use in industry.
By this time, it is likely that they will also have begun to sell new forms of these machines into ordinary
homes. Robots could do a wide range of household tasks, such as preparing meals, washing dishes, cleaning
the house and so on. By then, the price of such machines may have come down to as little as $1,000.
But Dr. Sandra Lomax, who has done research into artificial intelligence at Sussex University and MIT
(Massachusetts Institute of Technology) believes we have a long way to go before we can develop truly
intelligent machines.
“Preparing an omelet may seem easy enough. But suppose one of the eggs has gone bad. Even the most
“intelligent” robot would probably still use it. If something slightly unusual needs doing- something that
requires even a little bit of ordinary human imagination- a robot is useless. They need programming for
even the simplest of tasks and are incapable of learning from experience. And teaching a robot how to
recognize a bad egg is far more difficult than teaching it to prepare the omelet the egg goes into,” she says.
A. Read the text carefully and choose the best answer for each question, a,b,c,d.
1. A London company called UAS has already developed a machine which … .
a. can teach languages and how to care for those in hospital
b. can help old people do certain jobs in the house
c. is controlled by a microcomputer “brain”
d. can accept simple voice instructions
6 :‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
(‫ ﻣﺮداد‬24) Bridging the gap
2. The director of UAS believes that in the next five to ten years new forms of machine will … .
a. be much cheaper than their present-day equivalents
b. cost much less than $1,000
c. be used more in ordinary homes than in industry
d. be a feature of every household
3. Dr. Sandra Lomax thinks that … .
a. no robot will ever be able to prepare an omelet
b. a robot will soon be able to perform unusual tasks
c. we will be able to program a robot to learn experience
d. making an omelet is easier for a robot than recognizing a bad egg
B.Complete the following sentences with false or artificial.
1. Dr. Lomax is an expert in … intelligence.
2. Some people wear … teeth.
3. I don’t like … cream.
4. He made a number of … statements.
C.Complete the following sentences with clean or wash.
1. Don’t forget to … your teeth.
2. After the office closes, some people come in and … it.
3. Did you … your hands?
4. Please … the dishes.
5. And … my shoes, too.
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
7 :‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
(‫ ﻣﺮداد‬24) ‫آزﻣﻮن ﻏﻴﺮﺣﻀﻮري‬
‫زﺑﺎن اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
.‫ ﺳﺆال از ﺳﺆاﻻت ﮔﺮاﻣﺮ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻣﺒﺎﺣﺚ آزﻣﻮن ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ در ﺳﺆاﻻت ﮔﺮاﻣﺮ ﮔﻨﺠﺎﻧﺪه ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‬2 ‫داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﻋﺰﻳﺰ‬
Part A: Grammar
Directions:
Questions 1-10 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or phrases, marked (1,2,3), and
(4). Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence, then mark the correct choice on your answer sheet.
1- I’m sorry he refuses to wear a coat. I wish he … a coat.
1) will wear
2) wears
3) would wear
4) had worn
2- If someone had called the fire station immediately, the tragedy … avoided.
1) should have been
2) might have been
3) might have
4) would be
3- It is essential that children … in a suitable home environment.
1) raise
2) to be raised
3) be raised
4) being raised
4- If the temperature drops below zero, water … into ice.
1) turns
2) turned
3) would be turned
4) would turn
5- Had they apologized for overcharging me, I … a complaint against them.
1) won’t have filed
2) wouldn’t have filed
3) was not filing
4) might not file
6- If my father were richer, I would be allowed to have a car, … ?
1) weren’t he
2) wouldn’t he
3) weren’t I
4) wouldn’t I
3) wouldn’t be
4) hadn’t been
7- I wish she … injured in the crash last week.
1) wasn’t
2) weren’t
8- Here’s a contact number, … there should be a problem.
1) in spite of
2) despite
3) unless
4) in case
9- “Why didn’t she buy that large flat?”
“I think … . ”
1) she would have bought it if it hadn’t been so expensive
2) she would buy it if it weren’t so expensive
3) if it isn’t so expensive, she’ll buy it
4) if it hadn’t been so expensive, she would buy it
10- A: Would you please water the plants in the yard?
B: If it … so cold, I … water them.
1) is not – will
2) is not – would
3) was not – will
4) had not been – would
Part B: Vocabulary
Directions: Questions 11-37 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see four words or phrases, marked (1,2,3) and
(4). Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence, then mark the correct choice on your answer sheet.
11- As I didn’t like working on my own, I turned to … tasks.
1) individual
2) personal
3) collective
4) tropical
12- She helps me out when I have too much to do, and I return the … when I can.
1) favour
2) success
3) confidence
4) distance
13- The laser cane, which the blind find useful, sends out beams that detect … .
1) fuels
2) spies
3) heirs
4) obstacles
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
8 :‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
(‫ ﻣﺮداد‬24) ‫آزﻣﻮن ﻏﻴﺮﺣﻀﻮري‬
14- Working for the space program … computer engineers, pushing them toward the development of today’s
personal computers.
1) developed
2) convicted
3) evaluated
4) motivated
15- You can try your best to … the interviewers, but in the end it’s often just a question of luck.
1) convict
2) impress
3) desire
4) defect
3) resigned
4) inferred
16- I … from her expression that she wanted to leave.
1) influenced
2) referred
17- A large number of athletes have managed to … serious physical handicaps.
1) overcharge
2) overcome
3) overspend
4) overbook
18- A … has been conducted to learn what happened to the missing funds.
1) probe
2) pavement
3) qualification
4) career
19- Unemployment and inner city decay are … issues which must be tackled together.
1) independent
2) reliable
3) irrelevant
4) inseparable
20- His first … in life has been to find an opportunity to attend the Olympic Games.
1) merchant
2) opponent
3) popularity
4) priority
21- Social problems can’t be considered in … .They should be dealt with in relation to one another.
1) prediction
2) prevention
3) injection
4) isolation
22- Companies are downsizing and offering older employees early … .
1) amazement
2) involvement
3) retirement
4) embarrassment
23- It was … that he left the country without saying anything to anybody. Even his closest relatives didn’t know
why he left.
1) emotional
2) essential
3) curious
4) inactive
24- It is thought that too many … placed on young people will surely make a lot of serious social problems.
1) applications
2) collections
3) limitations
4) suggestions
25- Flooding caused by the dam may … up to a million people.
1) displace
2) deny
3) defeat
4) depart
26- You will have to repeat the course because your work has been … .
1) unsatisfactory
2) unnecessary
3) unemployed
4) unforgiven
27- The car jumped over the sidewalk, … a pedestrian and then crashed into the bakery’s window.
1) attached
2) struck
3) accessed
4) annoyed
28- He suffered a second heart attack two days ago but, fortunately, his condition has now … .
1) communicated
2) violated
3) pretended
4) stabilized
29- Recent increases in crime have disturbed the whole … nowadays.
1) reality
2) summary
3) quality
4) community
30- Group activities and research projects allow children to communicate in English without suffering from … .
1) adjustment
2) participation
3) embarrassment
4) comparison
31- The two countries disagree on many international …, and as a result have been enemies for a long time.
1) pioneers
2) infections
3) congratulations
4) issues
32- You cannot become a certified teacher without completing the … student teaching assignment.
1) compulsory
2) optional
3) artificial
4) sudden
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
9 :‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
(‫ ﻣﺮداد‬24) ‫آزﻣﻮن ﻏﻴﺮﺣﻀﻮري‬
33- If we … the preparation for the party between us, it won’t be so much work for one person.
1) observe
2) share
3) transfer
4) link
3) varies
4) attracts
3) envious
4) continuous
3) likely
4) immediate
34- The boiling point of different substances … .
1) combines
2) determines
35- The drought has made farmers … about the harvest.
1) previous
2) anxious
36- The committee is not … to agree with your plan.
1) brief
2) sudden
37- When he found that he had serious health problems, he decided to … from his job and rest for a while.
1) confirm
2) permit
3) admit
4) resign
Part C: Word Order
Directions:
Choose the sentence with the best order for each of the following series, then mark the correct choice on your answer
sheet.
381) The woman refused to join the club, invited.
2) The woman who refused to join the club, invited.
3) The woman who invited to join the club, refused.
4) The woman invited to join the club, refused.
391) The men guarding the house have special trained.
2) The men who guard the house are special trained.
3) The men who guard the house have specially trained.
4) The men guarding the house are specially trained.
40- comes/ go/ own/ when/ ways/ shopping/ to/ it/ and/ our/ I/ he
1) When it comes to shopping, he and I go our own ways.
2) He and I go shopping when it comes to our own ways.
3) He comes shopping and when I go to it our own ways.
4) When he and I go our own ways, it comes to shopping.
411) The boy whom you saw last night and whom shirt was black is my friend.
2) The boy whose you saw last night and whose shirt was black is my friend.
3) The boy whom you saw last night and whose shirt was black is my friend.
4) The boy whose you saw last night and whom shirt was black is my friend.
10 :‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
(‫ ﻣﺮداد‬24) ‫آزﻣﻮن ﻏﻴﺮﺣﻀﻮري‬
Part D: Language Function
Directions: Read the following conversation between two people and answer the questions about the conversation by choosing one of
the choices (1,2,3) or (4). Then mark the correct choice on your answer sheet.
42434445-
A: Hi Bob. I was just in the neighborhood so I thought I’d …42… .
B: Come on in. Take a cookie.
A: Thanks. I’m glad to see you’re not …43… a grudge against me for firing you.
B: Not at all. At first, it …44… . But I feel better now.
A: Good. I’m glad you have no …45… . How would you like your old job back?
1) hold on
2) stop by
3) show up
4) keep company
1) pushing
2) holding
3) picking
4) taking
1) burned me up
2) played the fool
3) gave me a fair shake 4) built a fire under me
1) point in it
2) end of it
3) harm done
4) hard feelings
Part E: Cloze Test
Directions:
Read the following passage and decide which choice (1,2,3) or (4) best fits each space. Then mark the correct choice on
your answer sheet.
464748495051525354555657585960-
Wole Soyinka, who was born in 1934, is a Nigerian writer, poet and playwright. Many …46… him as
Africa’s most …47… playwright. He won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1986, the first African writer to
win this honor.
Soyinka has played an active role in Nigeria’s …48… history. In 1967, during the Civil War in Nigeria, he
was arrested by the Federal Government and put in solitary …49… for attempting to negotiate a peace
between the warring parties. …50… in prison, he wrote poetry which was published in a collection. He was
released two years later after international attention was drawn to his …51… . His experiences in prison
…52… in a book. He is an outspoken critic of many Nigerian administrations, and of political tyrannies
worldwide, including the Mugabe Regime in Zimbabwe. Much of his writing has been concerned …53…
“the oppressive boot and the …54… of the color of the foot that wears it”.
1986 was his most glorious year and occurred during the reigns of several …55… and repressive African
regimes. The Swedish Academy …56… him the Nobel Prize for Literature as a writer “who in a wide
cultural perspective and with poetic overtones fashions the drama of existence”. The …57… Nigerian
dramatist became the first African Nobel laureate, enshrined forever in the history of world literature. His
Nobel Lecture …58… to South African freedom-fighter Nelson Mandela. Soyinka’s …59… criticized the
politics of racial seperation imposed …60… the population by the Nationalist South African government.
1) approve
2) regard
3) decline
4) inspire
1) temporary
2) visible
3) distinguished
4) massive
1) politic
2) politician
3) politically
4) political
1) confinement
2) settlement
3) concealment
4) arrangement
1) Whereas
2) While
3) Since
4) Otherwise
1) element
2) imprisonment
3) endorsement
4) development
1) recounted
2) are recounting
3) are recounted
4) has been recounted
1) to
2) with
3) of
4) for
1) irrelevance
2) convention
3) convenience
4) accuracy
1) exhaustive
2) slender
3) inevitable
4) violent
1) detected
2) restored
3) awarded
4) asserted
1) notable
2) comprehensible
3) suitable
4) durable
1) was devoted
2) devoted
3) was devoting
4) been devoted
1) spin
2) split
3) speech
4) spell
1) from
2) on
3) by
4) through
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
11 :‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
(‫ ﻣﺮداد‬24) ‫آزﻣﻮن ﻏﻴﺮﺣﻀﻮري‬
Part F: Reading Comprehension
Directions:
In this part of the test, you will read two passages. Answer the questions about the passages by choosing the best choice
(1,2,3) or (4). Then mark the correct choice on your answer sheet.
PASSAGE 1
The science of meteorology is concerned with the study of the structure, state, and behavior of the
atmosphere. The subject may be approached from several directions, but the scene cannot be fully
appreciated from anyone’s vantage point. Different views must be integrated to give perspective to the
whole picture. One may consider the condition of the atmosphere at a given moment and attempt to predict
changes from that condition over a period of few hours to a few days ahead. This approach is covered by
the branch of the science called synoptic meteorology. Synoptic meteorology is the scientific basis of the
technique of weather forecasting by means of the preparation and analysis of weather maps and aerological
diagrams. The practical importance of the numerous applications of weather forecasting cannot be
overestimated. In serving the needs of shipping, aviation, agriculture, industry, and many other interests
and fields of human activity with accurate weather warnings and professional forecast advice, great
benefits are reaped in the form of the saving of human life and property and in economic advantages of
various kinds. One important purpose of the science of meteorology is constantly to strive, through
advanced study and research, to increase our knowledge of the atmosphere with the aim of improving the
accuracy of weather forecasts. The tools needed to advance our knowledge in this way are the disciplines of
mathematics and physics applied to solve meteorological problems. The use of these tools forms that
branch of the science called dynamic meteorology.
61- The underlined word “attempt” in line 4 is closest in meaning to … .
1) try
2) complain
3) remove
4) request
62- The best title for this passage is “…” .
1) Approaches to the Science of Meteorology
2) New Advances in Synoptic Meteorology
3) The Limitations of Meteorological Forecasting
4) The Basics of Dynamic Meteorology
63- The predictions of synoptic meteorologists are directly based on the … .
1) prediction of the physical sciences
2) anticipated needs of industry
3) observations of commercial airline pilots
4) prediction and study of weather maps
64- Which of the following is not referred to by the author as a field whose needs are served by weather
forecasting?
1) Farming
2) Manufacturing
3) Sports
4) Transportation
65- The author implies that increased accuracy in forecasting will lead to … .
1) higher numbers of professional forecasters
2) greater protection of human life
3) less specialized forms of synoptic meteorology
4) more funds allocated to meteorological research
12 :‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
(‫ ﻣﺮداد‬24) ‫آزﻣﻮن ﻏﻴﺮﺣﻀﻮري‬
PASSAGE 2
66-
67-
68-
69-
70-
Book clubs are a great way to meet new friends or keep in touch with old ones, while keeping up on your
reading and participating in lively and intellectually stimulating discussions. If you’re interested in starting
a book club, you should consider the following options and recommendations.
The first thing is to provide members. Before recruiting, think carefully about how many people you want
to participate, and also what the club’s focus will be. For example, some book clubs focus exclusively on
fiction, others read non-fiction. Some are even more specific, focusing only on a particular genre such as
mysteries science fiction, or romance. Others have a more flexible and open focus. All of these possibilities
can make for a great club, but it is important to decide on a focus at the outset so that the guidelines will be
clear to the group and prospective members.
After setting the basic parameters, recruitment can begin. Notify friends and family, advertise in the local
newspaper, and hang flyers on bulletin boards in local stores, colleges, libraries, and bookstores. When
enough people express interest, schedule a kickoff meeting during which decisions will be made about
specific guidelines that will ensure the club runs smoothly. This meeting will need to establish where the
group will meet (rotating homes or a public venue such as a library or a coffee shop); how often the group
will meet, and on what day of the week and at what time; how long the meeting will be; how books will be
chosen and by whom; who will lead the group (if anyone); and whether refreshments will be served and if
so, who will supply them. By the end of this meeting, these guidelines should be set and a book selection and
date for the first official meeting should be finalized.
Planning and running a book club is not without challenges, but when a book club is run effectively, the
experience can be extremely rewarding for everyone involved.
According to the passage, when starting a book club, the first thing a person should do is to … .
1) hang flyers in local establishments
2) put an ad in a local newspaper
3) decide on the focus and size of the club
4) decide when and where the group will meet
Which of the following would NOT be covered during the book club’s kickoff meeting?
1) Deciding on whether refreshments will be served
2) Discussing and/ or appointing a leader
3) Establishing where the group will meet
4) Identifying what kinds of books or genre will be the club’s focus
The best title for this passage would be “…” .
1) Book Clubs: A Great Way to Make New Friends
2) Starting a Successful Book Club: a Guide
3) Five Easy Steps to Start a Successful Book Club
4) Reading in Groups: Sharing Knowledge, Nurturing Friendships
Which of the following is NOT something that successful book clubs should do?
1) Focus exclusively on one genre.
2) Have guidelines about where and when to meet.
3) Have a focus.
4) Decide how to choose and who will choose book selections.
Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the passage?
1) Smaller groups are better for a variety of reasons.
2) The social aspect of book clubs is more important than the intellectual one.
3) Starting your own book club is better than joining an existing one.
4) When starting and running a book club, a casual approach is risky.
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
‫آزﻣﻮن ﻏﻴﺮﺣﻀﻮري )‪ 24‬ﻣﺮداد(‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‪13 :‬‬
‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺳﺆالﻫﺎي ﺗﺴﺘﻲ زﺑﺎن ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲ‬
‫)ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﻏﺎﻳﺒﻲ(‬
‫‪ -1‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻴﺎن ﻧﺎرﺿﺎﻳﺘﻲ و اﻋﺘﺮاض ﻧﺴﺒﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺘﻲ در زﻣﺎن ﺣﺎل‪ ،‬از زﻣﺎن آﻳﻨﺪه در‬
‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪي ﺳﺎده ”‪ ،“would wear‬ﺑﻌﺪ از ”‪ “wish‬اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)آزاد اﻧﺴﺎﻧﻲ‪(81 -‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦﻛﻪ زﻣﺎن ﻓﻌﻞ در ﺑﻨﺪ ﺷﺮط ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪي ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ”‪ “had called‬اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ‬
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺷﺮﻃﻲ ﻧﻮع ﺳﻮم ﺑﻮده و در ﺑﻨﺪ ﺟﻮاب ﺷﺮط ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ در زﻣﺎن آﻳﻨﺪه در ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪي ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫ﻧﻴﺎز اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦﻛﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ ”‪ “avoid‬ﻣﺘﻌﺪي اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻌﺪ از آن در ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻔﻌﻮل ﺑﻪﻛﺎر‬
‫ﻧﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ وﺟﻪ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺠﻬﻮل اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦﺻﻮرت در ﺑﻨﺪ ﺟﻮاب ﺷﺮط از آﻳﻨﺪه‬
‫در ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪي ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﺠﻬﻮل ”‪ “might have been avoided‬اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬از‬
‫ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎر ”‪ “may/might + have +p.p.‬ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻴﺎن اﺣﺘﻤﺎل اﻧﺠﺎم ﻛﺎري در زﻣﺎن ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬
‫اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻧﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﺧﻠﻔﻲ(‬
‫‪ -3‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪي ﻓﻮق داراي وﺟﻪ اﻟﺘﺰاﻣﻲ اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻋﺒﺎرت ”‪،“It is essential that‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻌﻠﻮم ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت ﻣﺼﺪر ﺑﺪون ”‪ “to‬و در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺠﻬﻮل ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت‬
‫”‪ “be + p.p.‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ وﺟﻪ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺠﻬﻮل اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ‬
‫ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪ «3‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﻏﺎﻳﺒﻲ(‬
‫‪ -4‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫ﺑﺮاي ﺑﻴﺎن ﻣﻄﺎﻟﺒﻲ از ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﺣﻘﺎﻳﻖ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ﻣﻲﺗﻮان در ﺟﻤﻠﻪي ﺷﺮﻃﻲ در ﻫﺮ دو‬
‫ﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻨﺪ ﺷﺮط و ﺟﻮاب ﺷﺮط از زﻣﺎن ﺣﺎل ﺳﺎده اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻛﺮد‪) .‬ﺷﺮﻃﻲ ﻧﻮع ﺻﻔﺮ(‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﻳﻮﺳﻒزاده(‬
‫‪ -5‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫در ﺟﻤﻼت ﺷﺮﻃﻲ ﻧﻮع ﺳﻮم ﺑﺮاي ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ”‪ “if‬را ﺣﺬف ﻛﺮد و ”‪ “Had‬را‬
‫ﺑﻪ اﺑﺘﺪاي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ آورد ﻛﻪ در اﻳﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺖ در آﺧﺮ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎي ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺳﺆال‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺮار ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮد‪ .‬زﻣﺎن ﻓﻌﻞ در ﺑﻨﺪ ﺷﺮط ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪي ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ”‪“had apologized‬‬
‫اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺷﺮﻃﻲ ﻧﻮع ﺳﻮم ﺑﻮده و در ﺑﻨﺪ ﺟﻮاب ﺷﺮط ﺑﻪ ﻓﻌﻞ در زﻣﺎن‬
‫آﻳﻨﺪه در ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪي ﻛﺎﻣﻞ ”‪ “wouldn’t have filed‬ﻧﻴﺎز اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﻏﺎﻳﺒﻲ(‬
‫‪ -6‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺳﺆال ﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪي ﻛﻮﺗﺎه ﺑﺮاي ﺟﻤﻼت ﺷﺮﻃﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺟﻮاب ﺷﺮط ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)اﻣﻴﺪ ﻳﻌﻘﻮﺑﻲﻓﺮد(‬
‫‪ -7‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ زﻣﺎن ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪي ﺳﺎده ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬در اﻳﻦ ﺻﻮرت ﺑﻌﺪ از”‪ “I wish‬از‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ در زﻣﺎن ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪي ﻛﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺳﭙﻴﺪه ﭘﻮردﻳﻬﻴﻤﻲ(‬
‫‪ -8‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﻲ وﺟﻮد داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬اﻳﻦ ﺷﻤﺎرهي ﺗﻤﺎس‬
‫اﺳﺖ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻋﻠﻲرﻏﻢ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻋﻠﻲرﻏﻢ‬
‫‪ (4‬در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲﻛﻪ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻣﮕﺮ اﻳﻦﻛﻪ‬
‫”‪ “in case‬ﻳﻜﻲ از ﻋﺒﺎراﺗﻲ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﺪ در ﺟﻤﻼت ﺷﺮﻃﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎي ”‪ “if‬ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻛﺎر رود‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ از ”‪ “despite‬و ”‪ ،“in spite of‬اﺳﻢ ﻣﺼﺪر”‪ + ing‬ﻓﻌﻞ“ و ﻳﺎ ﻋﺒﺎرت‬
‫اﺳﻤﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻣﻲرود‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪ «3‬ﻧﺎدرﺳﺖ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺷﻬﺮاد ﻣﺤﺠﻮﺑﻲ(‬
‫‪ -9‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫زﻣﺎن ﺟﻤﻠﻪي اﺻﻠﻲ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ ﺟﻤﻠﻪي ﺷﺮﻃﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ اﺳﺎس آن ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﻮع ﺳﻮم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬درﺟﻤﻼت ﺷﺮﻃﻲ ﻧﻮع ﺳﻮم زﻣﺎن ﻓﻌﻞ در ﺑﻨﺪ ﺷﺮط‬
‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪي ﻛﺎﻣﻞ”‪ “hadn’t been‬و در ﺑﻨﺪ ﺟﻮاب ﺷﺮط آﻳﻨﺪه در ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪي ﻛﺎﻣﻞ‬
‫”‪ “would have bought‬اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻧﻴﻠﻮﻓﺮ ﻛﺸﺘﻴﺎري(‬
‫‪ -10‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻃﻲ ﻧﻮع اول اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ زﻣﺎن ﻓﻌﻞ در ﺑﻨﺪ ﺷﺮط ﺣﺎل ﺳﺎده و در ﺑﻨﺪ ﺟﻮاب‬
‫ﺷﺮط آﻳﻨﺪهي ﺳﺎده اﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﺎت زﻣﺎﻧﻲ در ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي »‪ «3» ،«2‬و »‪ «4‬ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻚدﻳﮕﺮ ﻫﻢﺧﻮاﻧﻲ ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺑﻬﺮام دﺳﺘﮕﻴﺮي(‬
‫‪ -11‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬از آنﺟﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻛﺎر ﻛﺮدن را دوﺳﺖ ﻧﺪاﺷﺘﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎرﻫﺎي‬
‫ﺟﻤﻌﻲ روي آوردم‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺷﺨﺼﻲ‬
‫‪ (1‬اﻧﻔﺮادي‬
‫‪ (4‬ﮔﺮﻣﺴﻴﺮي‪ ،‬اﺳﺘﻮاﻳﻲ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ‪ ،‬ﺟﻤﻌﻲ‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺷﻬﺮام ﻛﺮﻳﻢزاده(‬
‫‪ -12‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬وﻗﺘﻲﻛﻪ )ﻛﺎرﻫﺎي( ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎدي ﺑﺮاي اﻧﺠﺎم دارم ‪ ،‬او ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻤﻚ‬
‫ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ و ﻣﻦ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﻢ ﻟﻄﻒ وي را ﺟﺒﺮان ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻢ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻟﻄﻒ‪ ،‬ﻧﻔﻊ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺖ‬
‫‪ (3‬اﻋﺘﻤﺎد‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺑﻬﺮام دﺳﺘﮕﻴﺮي(‬
‫‪ -13‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﻳﻚ ﻋﺼﺎي ﻟﻴﺰري ﻛﻪ اﻓﺮاد ﻧﺎﺑﻴﻨﺎ آن را ﻣﻔﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﻳﺎﺑﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﭘﺮﺗﻮﻫﺎﻳﻲ‬
‫ﺳﺎﻃﻊ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻮاﻧﻊ را ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺟﺎﺳﻮس‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺳﻮﺧﺖ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻣﺎﻧﻊ‬
‫‪ (3‬وارث‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻧﻴﻠﻮﻓﺮ ﻛﺸﺘﻴﺎري(‬
‫‪ -14‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﻛﺎرﻛﺮدن ﺑﺮاي ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪي ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﺎن ﻛﺎﻣﭙﻴﻮﺗﺮ اﻧﮕﻴﺰه داد و‬
‫آنﻫﺎ را ﺑﻪ ﺳﻮي اﻳﺠﺎد راﻳﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎي ﺷﺨﺼﻲ اﻣﺮوزي ﺳﻮق داد‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻣﺤﻜﻮمﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺗﻮﺳﻌﻪ دادن‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (4‬اﻧﮕﻴﺰهدادن‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (3‬ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)اﻣﻴﺪ ﻳﻌﻘﻮﺑﻲﻓﺮد(‬
‫‪ -15‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮاﻧﻴﺪ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﺗﻼش ﺧﻮد را اﻧﺠﺎم دﻫﻴﺪ ﺗﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪﻛﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎن را ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮار دﻫﻴﺪ‪ ،‬اﻣﺎ در ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ )ﻣﻮﻓﻘﻴﺖ در ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ(‬
‫اﻏﻠﺐ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﺷﺎﻧﺲ اﺳﺖ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮاردادن‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻣﺤﻜﻮمﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (4‬ﭘﻨﺎﻫﻨﺪه ﺷﺪن‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻣﻴﻞ داﺷﺘﻦ‪ ،‬ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ داﺷﺘﻦ‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﭘﻴﺮﺑﺪاﻗﻲ(‬
‫‪ -16‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬از ﺣﺎﻟﺖ )ﭼﻬﺮهاش( ﭘﻲ ﺑﺮدم ﻛﻪ او ﻣﻲﺧﻮاﺳﺖ )آنﺟﺎ را( ﺗﺮك‬
‫ﻛﻨﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺗﺤﺖ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻗﺮار دادن‬
‫‪ (2‬اﺷﺎرهﻛﺮدن‪ ،‬ارﺟﺎع دادن )ﺑﺎ ”‪(“to‬‬
‫‪ (3‬اﺳﺘﻌﻔﺎ دادن‬
‫‪ (4‬ﭘﻲﺑﺮدن‪ ،‬اﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎطﻛﺮدن‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
‫آزﻣﻮن ﻏﻴﺮﺣﻀﻮري )‪ 24‬ﻣﺮداد(‬
‫)ﺑﻬﺮام دﺳﺘﮕﻴﺮي(‬
‫‪ -17‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺗﻌﺪاد ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎدي از ورزﺷﻜﺎران ﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺘﻪاﻧﺪ ﺑﺮ ﻧﺎﺗﻮاﻧﻲﻫﺎي‬
‫)ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎي( ﺟﺴﻤﻲ ﺟﺪي ﻏﻠﺒﻪ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻏﻠﺒﻪﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (1‬ﮔﺮانﻓﺮوﺧﺘﻦ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮان ﺣﺴﺎبﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺑﻴﺶ از ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ ﺑﻠﻴﻂ ﻓﺮوﺧﺘﻦ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺑﻴﺶ از ﺣﺪ ﺧﺮجﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺑﻬﺮام دﺳﺘﮕﻴﺮي(‬
‫‪ -18‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﻲ ﺻﻮرت ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻔﻬﻤﻴﻢ ﭼﻪ اﺗﻔﺎﻗﻲ ﺑﺮ ﺳﺮ ﭘﻮلﻫﺎي‬
‫ﮔﻢ ﺷﺪه اﻓﺘﺎد‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﭘﻴﺎدهرو‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎوﺷﮕﺮ )ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ(‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺷﻐﻞ‪ ،‬ﺣﺮﻓﻪ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺖ‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﭘﻴﺮﺑﺪاﻗﻲ(‬
‫‪ -19‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺑﻴﻜﺎري و ﻓﺴﺎد درون ﺷﻬﺮي ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺟﺪاﻧﺸﺪﻧﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻫﻢ ﺑﻪ آنﻫﺎ ﭘﺮداﺧﺘﻪ ﺷﻮد‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞ اﻋﺘﻤﺎد‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻞ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺟﺪاﻧﺸﺪﻧﻲ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻧﺎﻣﺮﺑﻮط‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)اﻣﻴﺪ ﻳﻌﻘﻮﺑﻲﻓﺮد(‬
‫‪ -20‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ‪» :‬اوﻟﻮﻳﺖ اول او در زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﻓﺮﺻﺘﻲ ﺑﺮاي ﺷﺮﻛﺖ ﻛﺮدن در‬
‫ﺑﺎزيﻫﺎي اﻟﻤﭙﻴﻚ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬رﻗﻴﺐ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺗﺎﺟﺮ‬
‫‪ (4‬اوﻟﻮﻳﺖ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻣﺤﺒﻮﺑﻴﺖ‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)واژﮔﺎن و اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت ﻛﺎﻧﻮن(‬
‫‪ -21‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ در ﻧﻈﺮﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬آنﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ در ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺎ ﻳﻜﺪﻳﮕﺮ ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﻗﺮارﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ‪ ،‬ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮي‬
‫‪ (1‬ﭘﻴﺶ ﺑﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺟﺪاﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺟﺪا ﺳﺎزي‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺗﺰرﻳﻖ‬
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﻋﺒﺎرت ”‪ “in isolation‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎي »ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﻲ« اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)واژﮔﺎن و اﺻﻄﻼﺣﺎت ﻛﺎﻧﻮن(‬
‫‪ -22‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻫﺎ در ﺣﺎل ﻛﻢﻛﺮدن ﭘﺮﺳﻨﻞ و ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد ﺑﺎزﻧﺸﺴﺘﮕﻲ زود‬
‫ﻫﻨﮕﺎم ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎرﻣﻨﺪان ﻣﺴﻦﺗﺮ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬درﮔﻴﺮي‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﺎرﻛﺖ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺷﮕﻔﺘﻲ‬
‫‪ (4‬دﺳﺘﭙﺎﭼﮕﻲ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺑﺎزﻧﺸﺴﺘﮕﻲ‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﻳﻮﺳﻒزاده(‬
‫‪ -23‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﻋﺠﻴﺐ ﺑﻮد ﻛﻪ او ﺑﺪون ﮔﻔﺘﻦ ﭼﻴﺰي ﺑﻪ ﻛﺴﻲ ﻛﺸﻮر را ﺗﺮك ﻛﺮد‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﺘﻲ ﻧﺰدﻳﻚﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺧﻮﻳﺸﺎوﻧﺪاﻧﺶ ﻧﻤﻲداﻧﺴﺘﻨﺪ او ﭼﺮا رﻓﺖ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬اﺳﺎﺳﻲ‪ ،‬ﺿﺮوري‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻋﺎﻃﻔﻲ‪ ،‬اﺣﺴﺎﺳﺎﺗﻲ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻏﻴﺮﻓﻌﺎل‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻋﺠﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﻛﻨﺠﻜﺎو‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻧﻴﻠﻮﻓﺮ ﻛﺸﺘﻴﺎري(‬
‫‪ -24‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺗﺼﻮر ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖﻫﺎي ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎدي ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮ اﻓﺮاد ﺟﻮان‬
‫اﻋﻤﺎل ﻣﻲﺷﻮد ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻨﺎً ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﺑﺴﻴﺎري از ﻣﺸﻜﻼت اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺟﺪي ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎﻧﺎﻣﻪ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد‬
‫‪ (4‬ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎد‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‪14 :‬‬
‫)ﺑﻬﺮوز ﻣﺮادآﺑﺎدي(‬
‫‪ -25‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺳﻴﻞ ﻧﺎﺷﻲ از ﺳﺪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺗﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻴﻠﻴﻮن ﻧﻔﺮ را آواره ﻛﻨﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (1‬از ﺟﺎي ﺧﻮد ﺣﺮﻛﺖ دادن‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﺮون راﻧﺪن‪ ،‬آواره ﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (2‬اﻧﻜﺎر ﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺷﻜﺴﺖ دادن‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺗﺮك ﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﻏﺎﻳﺒﻲ(‬
‫‪ -26‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﺠﺒﻮر ﺧﻮاﻫﻴﺪ ﺑﻮد آن دوره را ﺗﻜﺮار ﻛﻨﻴﺪ‪ ،‬زﻳﺮا ﻛﺎر ﺷﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻧﺎرﺿﺎﻳﺖﺑﺨﺶ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻏﻴﺮﺿﺮوري‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻧﺎرﺿﺎﻳﺖﺑﺨﺶ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻧﺎﺑﺨﺸﻮده‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺑﻲﻛﺎر‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﻏﺎﻳﺒﻲ(‬
‫‪ -27‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬اﺗﻮﻣﺒﻴﻞ از ﺑﺎﻻي ﭘﻴﺎدهرو ﭘﺮﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻳﻚ ﻋﺎﺑﺮ ﭘﻴﺎده ﺑﺮﺧﻮردﻛﺮد و ﺑﻪ‬
‫داﺧﻞ ﭘﻨﺠﺮهي ﻧﺎﻧﻮاﻳﻲ اﺻﺎﺑﺖ ﻛﺮد‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺑﺮﺧﻮردﻛﺮدن‪ ،‬ﺣﻤﻠﻪﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (1‬اﻟﺼﺎقﻛﺮدن‪ ،‬ﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (4‬آزاردادن‪ ،‬اذﻳﺖﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (3‬دﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲداﺷﺘﻦ‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﭘﻴﺮﺑﺪاﻗﻲ(‬
‫‪ -28‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬او دو روز ﭘﻴﺶ دﭼﺎر ﺣﻤﻠﻪي ﻗﻠﺒﻲ ﻣﺠﺪدي ﺷﺪ اﻣﺎ ﺧﻮﺷﺒﺨﺘﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫وﺿﻌﻴﺖاش ﻫﻢ اﻛﻨﻮن ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺷﺪه اﺳﺖ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻧﻘﺾﻛﺮدن‪ ،‬ﺗﺨﻄﻲﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (1‬ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺮﻗﺮارﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺗﻈﺎﻫﺮﻛﺮدن‪ ،‬واﻧﻤﻮدﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ -29‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬اﻣﺮوزه اﻓﺰاﻳﺶﻫﺎي اﺧﻴﺮ در ﺟﻨﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﻞ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ را ﺑﺮ ﻫﻢ زده‬
‫اﺳﺖ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺧﻼﺻﻪ‬
‫‪ (1‬واﻗﻌﻴﺖ‬
‫‪ (4‬اﺟﺘﻤﺎع‪ ،‬ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻪ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺳﺮاﺳﺮي ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‪(87 -‬‬
‫‪ -30‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎي ﮔﺮوﻫﻲ و ﻃﺮحﻫﺎي ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮدﻛﺎن اﺟﺎزه‬
‫ﻣﻲدﻫﺪ ﺑﺪون رﻧﺞﻛﺸﻴﺪن از )اﺣﺴﺎس( دﺳﺘﭙﺎﭼﮕﻲ ﺑﻪ )زﺑﺎن( اﻧﮕﻠﻴﺴﻲ ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺮﻗﺮار‬
‫ﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‪ ،‬ﺣﻀﻮر‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ‬
‫‪ (3‬دﺳﺘﭙﺎﭼﮕﻲ‪ ،‬ﺷﺮﻣﻨﺪﮔﻲ‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻧﻴﻠﻮﻓﺮ ﻛﺸﺘﻴﺎري(‬
‫‪ -31‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬آن دو ﻛﺸﻮر در ﻣﻮرد ﺑﺴﻴﺎري از ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﻴﻦاﻟﻤﻠﻠﻲ )ﺑﺎ ﻳﻚدﻳﮕﺮ(‬
‫ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻒ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ و در ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﺗﻲ ﻃﻮﻻﻧﻲ دﺷﻤﻦ ﺑﻮدهاﻧﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﭘﻴﺸﺮو‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﺸﮕﺎم‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻮﺿﻮع‪ ،‬ﻣﻌﻀﻞ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺗﺒﺮﻳﻚ‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻣﺮﺟﺎن ﺷﻴﺨﻲ(‬
‫‪ -32‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺷﻤﺎ ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮاﻧﻴﺪ ﺑﺪون ﺗﻜﻤﻴﻞ ﻃﺮح اﺟﺒﺎري آﻣﻮزش ﺑﻪ‬
‫داﻧﺶآﻣﻮزان ﻳﻚ ﻣﻌﻠﻢ داراي ﮔﻮاﻫﻲ ﺷﻮﻳﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬اﺧﺘﻴﺎري‬
‫‪ (1‬اﺟﺒﺎري‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﻲ‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
‫آزﻣﻮن ﻏﻴﺮﺣﻀﻮري )‪ 24‬ﻣﺮداد(‬
‫)ﺷﻬﺮام ﻛﺮﻳﻢزاده(‬
‫‪ -33‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬اﮔﺮ آﻣﺎدهﺳﺎزي ﺑﺮاي ﻣﻬﻤﺎﻧﻲ را ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﻮدﻣﺎن ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻛﻨﻴﻢ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎر‬
‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎر زﻳﺎدي ﺑﺮاي ﻳﻚ ﺷﺨﺺ ﻧﺨﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺷﺮﻳﻚ ﺷﺪن‪ ،‬ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪه ﻛﺮدن‪ ،‬رﻋﺎﻳﺖ ﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﻦ‪ ،‬وﺻﻞ ﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (3‬اﻧﺘﻘﺎل دادن‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﺑﺎﺑﺎﻳﻮﺳﻔﻲ(‬
‫‪ -34‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﻧﻘﻄﻪي ﺟﻮش ﻣﻮاد ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ اﺳﺖ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺟﺬبﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﺑﻮدن‪ ،‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‪15 :‬‬
‫)ﻧﻴﻠﻮﻓﺮ ﻛﺸﺘﻴﺎري(‬
‫‪ -41‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎرﻫﺎي”… ‪ +‬ﻓﻌﻞ ‪ +‬ﻓﺎﻋﻞ ‪ + whom +‬ﻣﺮﺟﻊ اﻧﺴﺎن“ و‬
‫”اﺳﻢ ‪ + whose +‬اﺳﻢ“‪ ،‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪ «3‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺳﺮاﺳﺮي ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‪(88 -‬‬
‫‪ -42‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ دو ﻛﻠﻤﻪاي ”‪ “stop by‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎي »ﺳﺮ زدن )ﺑﻪ ﻛﺴﻲ‪ /‬ﺟﺎﻳﻲ(« اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺳﺮاﺳﺮي ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‪(88 -‬‬
‫‪ -43‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎرت ”‪ “hold a grudge against sb‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎي »از ﻛﺴﻲ ﻛﻴﻨﻪ داﺷﺘﻦ«‬
‫اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻧﻴﻠﻮﻓﺮ ﻛﺸﺘﻴﺎري(‬
‫‪ -35‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺧﺸﻜﺴﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﺸﺎورزان را راﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺮداﺷﺖ )ﻣﺤﺼﻮل( ﻧﮕﺮان ﻛﺮده‬
‫اﺳﺖ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻧﮕﺮان‪ ،‬ﻣﻀﻄﺮب‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻗﺒﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺑﻖ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻣﺪاوم‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺣﺴﻮد‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫‪ -36‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ اﺣﺘﻤﺎل ﻧﺪارد ﺑﺎ ﻃﺮح ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻮاﻓﻘﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺧﻼﺻﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺨﺘﺼﺮ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻓﻮري‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ‬
‫)ﻧﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﺧﻠﻔﻲ(‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)وﺣﻴﺪ ﻋﺴﮕﺮي(‬
‫‪ -37‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬زﻣﺎﻧﻲﻛﻪ او ﻣﺘﻮﺟﻪ ﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺸﻜﻼت )ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ( ﺳﻼﻣﺘﻲ ﺟﺪي‬
‫داﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﮔﺮﻓﺖ از ﻛﺎرش اﺳﺘﻌﻔﺎ دﻫﺪ و ﺑﺮاي ﻣﺪﺗﻲ اﺳﺘﺮاﺣﺖ ﻛﻨﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬اﺟﺎزهدادن‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (4‬اﺳﺘﻌﻔﺎ دادن‬
‫‪ (3‬ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺑﻬﺮام دﺳﺘﮕﻴﺮي(‬
‫‪ -38‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲﻛﻪ ﺟﻤﻠﻪي ﭘﻴﺮو وﺻﻔﻲ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﺠﻬﻮل ﻗﺮارﮔﻴﺮد‪ ،‬ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ﺿﻤﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻟﻲ و ﻓﻌﻞ ”‪ “to be‬را ﺣﺬف ﻧﻤﻮد‪.‬‬
‫‪The woman who was invited to … .‬‬
‫‪invited‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻜﺘﻪي ﻓﻮق و ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪ «4‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻧﺴﺮﻳﻦ ﺧﻠﻔﻲ(‬
‫‪ -39‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫در ﺻﻮرﺗﻲﻛﻪ ﺟﻤﻠﻪي ﭘﻴﺮو وﺻﻔﻲ در ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﻣﻌﻠﻮم ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻣﻲﺗﻮان ﺿﻤﻴﺮ ﻣﻮﺻﻮﻟﻲ را‬
‫ﺣﺬف ﻛﺮد و ﻓﻌﻞ را ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮرت”‪-ing‬دار“ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﺑﺮد‪.‬‬
‫‪The men who guard … .‬‬
‫‪guarding‬‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ ”‪ “train‬ﻣﺘﻌﺪي اﺳﺖ و ﺑﻌﺪ از آن در ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﻔﻌﻮل ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎر ﻧﺮﻓﺘﻪ اﺳﺖ‪،‬‬
‫ﺑﻨﺎﺑﺮاﻳﻦ وﺟﻪ اﻳﻦ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﻣﺠﻬﻮل اﺳﺖ‪ .‬در ﺿﻤﻦ ﺑﺮاي ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ﻓﻌﻞ ”‪ “train‬ﺑﻪ ﻗﻴﺪ‬
‫”‪ “specially‬ﻧﻴﺎز دارﻳﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﻋﻠﻴﺮﺿﺎ ﻳﻮﺳﻒزاده(‬
‫‪ -40‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺟﻤﻠﻪ و ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت‪ ،‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪ «1‬ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
‫اﺳﺖ‪ .‬در ﺿﻤﻦ ﻋﺒﺎرت ”‪ “when it comes to sth‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎي »وﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻮﺑﺖ‬
‫ﭼﻴﺰي ﻓﺮا ﻣﻲرﺳﺪ« اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺳﺮاﺳﺮي ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‪(88-‬‬
‫‪ -44‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎرت ”‪ “burn sb up‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎي »ﻛﺴﻲ را ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻋﺼﺒﺎﻧﻲﻛﺮدن« اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺳﺮاﺳﺮي ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‪(88 -‬‬
‫‪ -45‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﻋﺒﺎرت ”‪ “hard feelings‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎي »اﺣﺴﺎس ﻋﺼﺒﺎﻧﻴﺖ« اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫‪ -46‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺗﺄﻛﻴﺪ ﻛﺮدن‪ ،‬ﭘﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻧﭙﺬﻳﺮﻓﺘﻦ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮ ﺑﺎز زدن‬
‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻧﮕﺮﻳﺴﺘﻦ‪ ،‬ارزﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪ (4‬اﻟﻬﺎم ﺑﺨﺸﻴﺪن‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫‪ -47‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫‪ (1‬زودﮔﺬر‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻧﺎﻣﺪار‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﺷﻨﺎس‬
‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ (2‬ﭘﻴﺪا‪ ،‬آﺷﻜﺎر‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺑﺰرگ‪ ،‬ﭼﺸﻢﮔﻴﺮ‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ -48‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﻛﻠﻤﻪي ”‪ “history‬اﺳﻢ اﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ از آن ﺑﻪ ﺻﻔﺖ ﻧﻴﺎز دارﻳﻢ‪“politic” .‬‬
‫اﮔﺮﭼﻪ ﺻﻔﺖ اﺳﺖ‪ ،‬اﻣﺎ ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد آن در اﻳﻦ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻳﻲ )»ﺑﻪ ﺟﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ«(‬
‫ﻧﺎدرﺳﺖ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫‪ -49‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺑﺎزداﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﭘﻮﺷﻴﺪﮔﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﻬﺎﻧﮕﺎه‬
‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺑﺎزﭘﺮداﺧﺖ‪ ،‬اﻗﺎﻣﺖ‬
‫‪ (4‬آراﻳﺶ‪ ،‬ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ -50‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﺑﺎ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﻬﻮم ﺟﻤﻠﻪ )وﻗﺘﻲ ﻛﻪ در زﻧﺪان ﺑﻮد(‪ ،‬رﺑﻂ دﻫﻨﺪهي زﻣﺎن ﻣﻮرد‬
‫ﻧﻴﺎز اﺳﺖ )دﻟﻴﻞ ﻧﺎدرﺳﺘﻲ ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪﻫﺎي »‪ «1‬و »‪ “since” .(«4‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ »از وﻗﺘﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻪ« ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ زﻣﺎن ﺟﻤﻠﻪي ﭘﺎﻳﻪي آن ﺣﺎل ﻛﺎﻣﻞ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫‪ -51‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ‬
‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ (2‬زﻧﺪان‬
‫‪ (4‬ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ -52‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞ ”‪ “recount‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ »ﺷﺮح دادن« ﻣﺘﻌﺪي اﺳﺖ و ﭼﻮن ﻣﻔﻌﻮل ﻗﺒﻞ از‬
‫ﻓﻌﻞ ﻗﺮارﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬وﺟﻪ آن ﻣﺠﻬﻮل اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً زﺑﺎن‬
‫آزﻣﻮن ﻏﻴﺮﺣﻀﻮري )‪ 24‬ﻣﺮداد(‬
‫‪ -53‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ “with” :‬ﺣﺮف اﺿﺎﻓﻪي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ”‪ “concerned‬اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ -62‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﻦ »راﻫﺒﺮدﻫﺎي ﻋﻠﻢ ﻫﻮاﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ«‬
‫اﺳﺖ‪«.‬‬
‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫‪ -54‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻧﺎﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻲرﺑﻄﻲ‬
‫‪ (3‬آﺳﻮدﮔﻲ‬
‫‪ (2‬ﭘﻴﻤﺎن‪ ،‬رﺳﻢ‬
‫‪ (4‬درﺳﺘﻲ‬
‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻛﺸﻴﺪه‪ ،‬ﺑﺎرﻳﻚ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺖآﻣﻴﺰ‬
‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺑﺎزﮔﺮداﻧﺪن‬
‫‪ (4‬اﻋﻼم ﻛﺮدن‬
‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻓﻬﻤﻴﺪﻧﻲ‬
‫‪ (4‬ﭘﺎﻳﺪار‬
‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ -58‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﻓﻌﻞ ”‪ “devote‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ »اﺧﺘﺼﺎص دادن« ﻣﺘﻌﺪي اﺳﺖ و ﭼﻮن ﻣﻔﻌﻮل ﻗﺒﻞ از‬
‫آن ﻗﺮار ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‪ ،‬داراي وﺟﻪ ﻣﺠﻬﻮل ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺷﻜﺎف‪ ،‬ﮔﺴﺴﺖ‬
‫‪ (4‬اﻓﺴﻮن‪ ،‬ﺟﺎدو‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺳﺤﺮ ﺧﺴﺮوﺷﺎﻫﻲ(‬
‫‪ -60‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‪ “on” :‬ﺣﺮف اﺿﺎﻓﻪي ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ”‪ “impose‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﻲ »ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻛﺮدن« اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎي ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺗﻲ از ﻣﺘﻦ‪:‬‬
‫ﺣﺮﻓﻪاي ‪professional:‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻳﺪه‪ ،‬ﺑﻬﺮه‪ ،‬ﺳﻮد ‪benefit:‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ دﺳﺖ آوردن ‪reap:‬‬
‫داراﻳﻲ‪ ،‬وﻳﮋﮔﻲ‪ ،‬ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻴﺖ ‪property:‬‬
‫ﻣﺰﻳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺗﺮي ‪advantage:‬‬
‫ﻛﻮﺷﻴﺪن‪ ،‬اﻫﺘﻤﺎم ورزﻳﺪن ‪strive:‬‬
‫دﻗﺖ‪ ،‬ﺻﺤﺖ‪ ،‬درﺳﺘﻲ ‪accuracy:‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ ‪limitation:‬‬
‫اﻧﺘﻈﺎر داﺷﺘﻦ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﻗﻊ داﺷﺘﻦ ‪anticipate:‬‬
‫ﺑﺎزرﮔﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺠﺎري ‪commercial:‬‬
‫ﺧﻠﺒﺎن ‪pilot:‬‬
‫ﺑﻮدﺟﻪ ‪funds:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﺼﺎص دادن ‪allocate:‬‬
‫‪ -64‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﺪام ﻳﻚ از )ﻣﻮارد( زﻳﺮ از ﻃﺮف ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪه‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮان زﻣﻴﻨﻪاي‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎزﻫﺎﻳﺶ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ آب و ﻫﻮا ﺑﺮآورده ﻣﻲﺷﻮد‪ ،‬اﺷﺎره ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮد؟«‬
‫»ورزش«‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫‪ -65‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﻧﻮﻳﺴﻨﺪه )ﺗﻠﻮﻳﺤﺎً( اﺷﺎره ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ دﻗﺖ زﻳﺎد در ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ )آب و‬
‫ﻫﻮا( ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺖ ﺑﻴﺶﺗﺮ از زﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺑﺸﺮ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪«.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎي ﻛﻠﻤﺎﺗﻲ از ﻣﺘﻦ‪:‬‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------‬‬
‫‪ -59‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﮔﺮدش‪ ،‬ﭼﺮﺧﺶ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺳﺨﻨﺮاﻧﻲ‬
‫‪----------------------------------------------‬‬
‫)ﺣﺒﻴﺐاﷲ ﺳﻌﺎدت(‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫‪ -57‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻳﺎن ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬
‫‪ -63‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲﻫﺎي ﻫﻮاﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎن ﺳﻴﻨﻮﭘﺘﻴﻚ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎً ﺑﺮاﺳﺎس‬
‫ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ و ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪي ﻧﻘﺸﻪﻫﺎي آب و ﻫﻮاﻳﻲ اﺳﺖ‪«.‬‬
‫)ﺣﺒﻴﺐاﷲ ﺳﻌﺎدت(‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫‪ -56‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲﻛﺮدن‬
‫‪) (3‬ﺟﺎﻳﺰه( دادن‬
‫)ﺣﺒﻴﺐاﷲ ﺳﻌﺎدت(‬
‫)ﺣﺒﻴﺐاﷲ ﺳﻌﺎدت(‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫‪ -55‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻓﺮاﮔﻴﺮ‬
‫‪ (3‬ﻧﺎﮔﺰﻳﺮ‬
‫ﺻﻔﺤﻪ‪16 :‬‬
‫ﻫﻮاﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ ‪meteorology:‬‬
‫ﻧﺰدﻳﻚﺷﺪن‪ ،‬ره ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﻪ ‪approach:‬‬
‫ﻣﺴﻴﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳﻤﺖ‪ ،‬ﻃﺮف ‪direction:‬‬
‫ﻗﺪرداﻧﻲﻛﺮدن‪ ،‬دركﻛﺮدن ‪appreciate:‬‬
‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ‪ ،‬دﻳﺪﮔﺎه ‪vantage point:‬‬
‫ادﻏﺎم ﻛﺮدن‪ ،‬ﺗﻠﻔﻴﻖﻛﺮدن ‪integrate:‬‬
‫ﭼﺸﻢ اﻧﺪاز‪ ،‬دورﻧﻤﺎ ‪perspective:‬‬
‫در ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ‪consider:‬‬
‫ﻋﻤﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎرﺑﺮدي ‪practical:‬‬
‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪد ‪numerous:‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎرﺑﺮد ‪application:‬‬
‫زﻳﺎد ﺑﻬﺎ دادن ‪overestimate:‬‬
‫ﻫﻮاﻧﻮردي ‪aviation:‬‬
‫)ﺣﺒﻴﺐاﷲ ﺳﻌﺎدت(‬
‫‪ -61‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«1‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﻛﻠﻤﻪي ”‪ “attempt‬در ﺳﻄﺮ ﭼﻬﺎرم ﻛﻪ زﻳﺮ آن ﺧﻂ ﻛﺸﻴﺪه‬
‫ﺷﺪه از ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﻪ ”‪) “try‬ﺗﻼشﻛﺮدن‪ ،‬ﺳﻌﻲﻛﺮدن( ﻧﺰدﻳﻚﺗﺮﻳﻦ اﺳﺖ‪«.‬‬
‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖﻛﺮدن ‪participate:‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮاً ‪exclusively:‬‬
‫از ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻋﻘﻠﻲ‪ ،‬در ﺗﺌﻮري ‪intellectually:‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ‪ ،‬اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ‪prospective:‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺳﻔﺎرش ‪recommendation:‬‬
‫ﻣﻄﻠﻊﻛﺮدن ‪notify:‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻚﻛﻨﻨﺪه‪ ،‬ﺟﺬاب ‪stimulating:‬‬
‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪرﻳﺰيﻛﺮدن ‪schedule:‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﺪﻣﺖﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺮو ﺟﺬبﻛﺮدن‪ ،‬اﺳﺘﺨﺪامﻛﺮدن ‪recruit:‬‬
‫)ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻛﻴﺎﻧﻲ(‬
‫‪ -66‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«3‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺑﺮﻃﺒﻖ ﻣﺘﻦ‪ ،‬زﻣﺎﻧﻲ ﻛﻪ )ﻗﺼﺪ دارﻳﺪ( ﻳﻚ اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻛﺘﺎب ﺑﻪ راه‬
‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺪازﻳﺪ‪ ،‬اوﻟﻴﻦ ﻛﺎري ﻛﻪ ﻳﻚ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم دﻫﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮي در ﻣﻮرد ﻫﺪف‬
‫و وﺳﻌﺖ اﻧﺠﻤﻦ اﺳﺖ‪«.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻛﻴﺎﻧﻲ(‬
‫‪ -67‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﻛﺪامﻳﻚ از )ﻣﻮارد( زﻳﺮ در ﻃﻲ ﺟﻠﺴﻪي اﺑﺘﺪاﻳﻲ اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻛﺘﺎب‬
‫ﻟﺤﺎظ ﻧﺨﻮاﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ؟«‬
‫»ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻛﺮدن )اﻳﻦ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﻛﻪ( ﭼﻪ ﻛﺘﺎب ﻳﺎ ژاﻧﺮي ﻫﺪف اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد‪«.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻛﻴﺎﻧﻲ(‬
‫‪ -68‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«2‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﺑﻬﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻨﻮان ﺑﺮاي اﻳﻦ ﻣﺘﻦ »ﺑﻪراه اﻧﺪاﺧﺘﻦ ﻳﻚ اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻛﺘﺎب‬
‫ﻣﻮﻓﻖ‪ :‬ﻳﻚ )ﻣﺘﻦ( راﻫﻨﻤﺎ« ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﺑﻮد‪«.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻛﻴﺎﻧﻲ(‬
‫‪ -69‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﻛﺪامﻳﻚ از )ﻣﻮارد( زﻳﺮ ﻛﺎري ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﻛﻪ اﻧﺠﻤﻦﻫﺎي ﻛﺘﺎب ﻣﻮﻓﻖ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ اﻧﺠﺎم دﻫﻨﺪ؟«‬
‫»ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ )راﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ اﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺿﻮع ﻛﻪ( ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ و ﭼﻪ ﻛﺴﻲ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻫﺎي ﻛﺘﺎب را‬
‫اﻧﺘﺨﺎب ﺧﻮاﻫﺪ ﻛﺮد‪«.‬‬
‫‪---------------------------------------------‬‬‫)ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻛﻴﺎﻧﻲ(‬
‫‪ -70‬ﮔﺰﻳﻨﻪي »‪«4‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺟﻤﻪي ﺟﻤﻠﻪ‪» :‬ﻛﺪامﻳﻚ از ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﮔﻴﺮيﻫﺎي زﻳﺮ را ﻣﻲﺗﻮان از ﻣﺘﻦ اﻧﺠﺎم داد؟«‬
‫»در ﺻﻮرت ﺑﻪراه اﻧﺪاﺧﺘﻦ و ﺳﺎزﻣﺎﻧﺪﻫﻲ ﻛﺮدن ﻳﻚ اﻧﺠﻤﻦ ﻛﺘﺎب‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﻧﮕﺮش‬
‫ﺳﻄﺤﻲ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎك اﺳﺖ‪«.‬‬