An AREU Publication Number 3, October 1, 2004
Inside This Issue...
Current Research and Resources.......................................................... 2
Upgrading the Findings of NRVA 2003 Data............................2
Tribal Map of Paktia, Paktika and Khost....................................2
Mental Health Research in Afghanistan....................................3
Project for Alternative Livelihoods.............................................3
Norwegian Refugee Council Research....................................3
Drought Assessment, Summer 1383/2004................................4
Ph.D. Research on DDR.........................................................4
New Research at AREU..........................................................5
Meetings and Networks............................................................................5
Training for Women's Rights Leaders.......................................5
Feature: Take the Guns Away: Afghan Voices on Security & Elections.....6
Featured Publications...............................................................................7
Agriculture................................................................................7
Civil Society..............................................................................7
Development............................................................................8
Economics................................................................................8
Elections...................................................................................8
General....................................................................................9
Governance.............................................................................9
Health and Well-Being............................................................10
Livelihoods.............................................................................10
Military....................................................................................11
Reconstruction........................................................................11
Recent and Forthcoming Publications from AREU..................................12
Other Publications..................................................................................12
Agriculture..............................................................................12
Civil Society............................................................................14
Development..........................................................................14
Elections.................................................................................15
Funding.................................................................................16
Gender..................................................................................16
Governance..........................................................................16
Health and Well-Being...........................................................16
Human Rights/Freedom of Press...........................................16
Information/Legal Advice........................................................16
Maps......................................................................................17
Opium....................................................................................17
Refugees...............................................................................17
Security/DDR.........................................................................17
This purpose of this newsletter is to alert readers to new research being undertaken on
Afghanistan and to help disseminate the results of research. It is AREU's goal to produce this newsletter regularly. Copies of most published research cited here is available on the
Internet; in other instances copies are available by contacting newsletter@areu.org.af.

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004 Page 2
This section lists current and proposed research projects and related resources. The information appears as submitted by the individuals or organisations involved and the status of these projects may have changed since publication of this newsletter.
The full rural assessment of poverty and vulnerability from the National Risk and
Vulnerability Assessment (NRVA) will not be repeated this year. The reasons for this are the following: allow greater lead time for agencies should they feel the need to respond.
• The timing of such an assessment just before the presidential election is problematic and inappropriate.
• There is declining security in many parts of the country, often the most drought-affected.
• There is a lack of sampling frame because pre-census household listing has not been completed.
• Lack of funds for a rural assessment.
• Priority is being given by WFP and other actors to conduct an NRVA for the urban
Afghan population that did not take place last year.
Therefore, during the late summer it was hoped that remote sensing data on rainfall and vegetation growth, agro-meteorological data, and market price data would be collected as much as possible from all districts, and an update to the estimation of people in need can be made using the NRVA 2003 as a baseline to modify.
The advantage of such an approach is that it is cost and time effective. It is hoped that results will be available relatively quickly, and certainly
The timing for the rural assessment which was traditionally done immediately after the main cereal harvest was historically chosen because it fitted the demands of the analysis previously used by WFP, i.e., a cereal equivalent income model. This required good estimates of the recent harvest. Now WFP has moved away from this approach, and a post-harvest assessment is no longer the only option for the timing of an annual assessment. In fact, a post-harvest assessment may be particularly biased in terms of availability of food, as it occurs at the end of a busy time of the agricultural calendar when families are likely to be more resource rich than at other times of the year. Therefore it is suggested that the NRVA update annual assessment be moved to a post winter/spring schedule. This will have the benefit of moving it a to time of the year when, if there is hardship, poverty and vulnerability, it will likely be more apparent. It is also well away from harvest time, a peak time for labour demands.
For more information contact:
Andrew Pinney andrew.pinney@mrrd.org
070 222 121 or visit www.af/nrva
Swisspeace has recently produced a “tribal map" of Loya Paktia (Paktia, Paktika and Khost), as well as begun a mapping of tribal conflicts in the area. This has been done by the Tribal Liaison
Office (swisspeace), and soon work will begin on a more detailed actors’ profile and a basic needs assessment (participatory on request of the local shuras ) in the area of health, education and other basic needs in the area.
For more information contact: acsf-kabul@swisspeace.ch
or Susanne Schmeidl at: schmeidl@swisspeace.unibe.ch
New CSO Website
The Central Statistics Office has a new website located at: www.aims.org.af/cso/

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004 Page 3
A number of recent research studies have focused on mental health issues across Afghanistan. A recent issue of the Journal of the American
Medical Association (v. 292, no. 5, August 4,
2004) presented “the findings from two epidemiologically well-designed studies of mental health in communities affected by the war in
Afghanistan. The study by Lopes Cardozo and colleagues is the first nationally representative mental health survey conducted in Afghanistan to be reported. The study by Scholte and colleagues examined mental health symptoms among a large sample of mainly ethnic Pashtuns residing in Afghanistan’s eastern province of
Nangarhar, the seat of the Taliban movement.
These studies add to a growing literature on the devastating impact of war on the mental health of civilian populations and to the sparse medical literature on Afghanistan since the Taliban era."
(cited from the editorial, Mental health in postwar
Afghanistan / Paul Bolton, Theresa Stichick
Betancourt. Journal of the American Medical
Association (JAMA), 2004:292:626-628).
The first study involved a population-based mental health survey of 799 adult household members, including 699 non-disabled and 100 disabled persons. The main outcome measures were social functioning, depressive symptoms, trauma events and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder. This study found that prevalence rates of symptoms of depression, anxiety and PTSD were high. Depression and anxiety were significantly higher among the disabled than the non-disabled. Those who were disabled also had significantly lower social functioning and poorer mental status. ( Mental health, social functioning, and disability in postwar Afghanistan / Barbara
Lopes Cardozo, Oleg O. Bilukha, Carol A.
Gotway Crawford, Irshad Shaikh, Mitchell I. Wolfe,
Michael L. Gerber, and Mark Anderson Journal of the American Medical Association ( JAMA).
2004; 292: p. 575-584)
Another cross-sectional survey of 1,011 respondents aged 15 years and older examined outcome measures of PTSD symptoms, traumatic events, depression, anxiety and resources for emotional support. Results showed that 43.7% of respondents had experienced traumatic events, high rates of depression
(38.5%), anxiety (51.8%), and PTSD (20.4%).
Higher rates of symptoms were associated with higher numbers of traumatic events. ( Mental health symptoms following war and repression in eastern Afghanistan / Willem F. Scholte, Miranda
Olff, Peter Ventevogel, Giel-Jan de Vries, Eveline
Jansveld, Barbara Lopes Cardozo, and Carol A.
Gotway Crawford. Journal of the American
Medical Association ( JAMA) 2004; p. 292:585-
593)
For more information visit: http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/extract/
292/5/626
The Project for Alternative Livelihoods (PAL) in eastern Afghanistan is a holistic rural development program with a strong focus on community development and alternative livelihoods, complemented by a comprehensive capacity building program for local government implemented by GTZ International Services. PAL aims–in the long run–to contribute to the reduction of poverty and thus facilitate the change from an opium-based economy to an alternative socio-economic system in Kunar, Laghman and
Nangarhar Provinces. GTZ IS is contracted by the EC to implement the project.
For more information contact:
PAL GTZ IS Management Unit leo.brandenberg@gtz.de
070 607 829 (Team Leader)
The Norwegian Refugee Council in Afghanistan plans to produce a report shortly on the work of the Special Court on land disputes, and then further down the line a report about women’s rights in the informal justice sector.
For more information contact:
Simon Russell slyruss@hotmail.com

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004 Page 4
All the indications seem to be that in many areas of Afghanistan drought conditions have intensified since the slight relief that the good rains last year offered. The government, UN agencies and
NGOs had been asked to respond by putting together an analysis to contribute to a drought impact appeal.
rehabilitation brief plan of [the] Ministry of Rural
Rehabilitation and Development for 12 drought affected provinces / Ministry of Rural
Rehabilitation and Development. [Kabul : Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development, 2004].
3 p. ; 30 cm. —This is the action plan developed by the Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and
Development in response to the worsening drought conditions.) The Vulnerability Analysis Unit within the Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and Development, in close collaboration with the Ministry of Irrigation/FAO,
Ministry of Agriculture/FAO agro-meteorological unit, WFP VAM, FEWS-NET and UNHCR have put together an initial impact analysis of the drought. It’s a short document in Word format and so is also presented in HTML format but with slightly degraded graphics.
Much of the data was based on the understanding developed from last year’s NRVA survey, as an
NRVA update survey has not taken place this summer. An updated survey NRVA is planned for next spring, as this is thought to be a more useful time to look at vulnerability and poverty. In the meantime, strengthening of monitoring systems around provincial and district market prices, displacement and water shortages will be strengthened to ensure the government is wellpositioned to monitor and provide information on the ongoing impacts of the drought in many areas of Afghanistan.
The initial report and province and district level estimates of food insecurity can be downloaded from http://www.mrrd.gov.af/vau/ (See also
Analysis of drought impact in Afghanistan: summer 1383 (2004) / MRRD Vulnerability
Analysis Unit in collaboration with WFP VAM,
FEWSNET, FAO, MoI and UNHCR. Kabul: MRRD
Vulnerability Analysis Unit, 2004. 20 p.: col.
maps ; 30 cm, and Humanitarian and
In addition, the Afghan government and the United
Nations have opened an appeal for drought relief funding. The government and the United Nations seek to respond together to the immediate needs arising from the continued drought in the country.
Stakeholders in this appeal include Government
Ministries, UN Agencies, International
Organisations and Non-Governmental
Organisations who have formulated projects across five sectors. These are Water, Food,
Agriculture, Family Shelter and non-food items, and Multiple (Emergency Employment/
Conservation/Infrastructure). Government ministries, UN Agencies and NGOs are planning to provide drinking water to populations most in need; to rehabilitate water sources such as karezes (surface catchments) and shallow wells; to target food distributions to the rural vulnerable; school and health centre feeding; food-for-work and non-food assistance to the most severely affected districts in the sixteen priority provinces.
(See also The decline towards crisis:
Afghanistan’s deteriorating drought situation .
[Kabul]: Government of the Transitional Islamic
State of Afghanistan and the United Nations,
2004. 24 p.; 30 cm). This report is available on the web at: http://www.reliefweb.int/wrwb.nsf/0/
3C8CCFA774930FA5C1256F07002
C487A?OpenDocument
Aisha S. Ahmad will begin Ph.D. research at the University of Cambridge on disarmament, demobilization and reintegration in Afghanistan.
She will be conducting evaluation research on post-conflict peacebuilding. The research proposal itself is an analytical evaluation of demilitarisation, with a strong focus on the practical aspects of policy implementation. Field work in Afghanistan is planned to begin after
March 2005.
For more information contact: aishasahmad@hotmail.com

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004 Page 5
AREU has begun a research project regarding seasonal labour migration in Afghanistan.
The data gathered in AREU’s rural livelihoods monitoring project showed that non-farm labour is a highly important livelihood strategy for the rural poor, and many people are involved in a combination of farm and non-farm work throughout the year. However, there is still little understanding of why, how, and when people move, who moves (is it just young men, as commonly assumed?), for how long and to do what. This study will aim to increase understanding of the choices people make with regards to seasonal migration, as well as the types of work migrants engage in, and build on the research that AREU is already engaged in to investigate the role of migration to Pakistan and Iran. The study has already started in
Kabul in September. In addition to Kabul, Herat and Jalalabad cities are also expected to be covered under the study. The final report is expected to be due by the end of April, 2005.
For further information please contact: Aftab
Opel at aftab@areu.org.af
AREU is also initiating research on urban livelihoods . Throughout the recent decades of war, drought and displacement, Afghans have developed a variety of strategies for coping with adversity. However, at present, there is only little understanding about these livelihood strategies and the contexts in which they are carried out, and this 18-month longitudinal research project that commenced in mid-
September aims to begin filling this gap. It attempts to better understand the diverse livelihood strategies of the urban poor and vulnerable in the cities of Kabul, Herat and
Jalalabad, and how these strategies change over time. The researchers will collect in-depth longitudinal data over 16 months about the realities of the lives of the urban poor, capturing what household members in cities actually do to secure their livelihoods and how they view their poverty and well-being. Thus, the research will aim to assist aid actors and government to develop more socio-culturally appropriate, effective and practical interventions that strengthen the livelihoods of the urban poor. For more information contact
Stefan Schütte at stefan@areu.org.af
This section highlights conferences, meetings and other communication and networking forums.
Rights & Democracy, in collaboration with the
Shirkat Gah Women’s Resource Centre and
Women Living Under Muslim Laws, will provide training for women’s rights leaders to take place
• Space is limited to a maximum of 30 participants.
• All participants must be available to come to both trainings, in December 2004 and April
December 16-19, 2004 in Lahore, Pakistan. The trainings aim to provide the necessary resources to Afghan women’s civil society to effectively
2005.
• Translation services will be available for participants speaking a language other than engage in peace-building and women’s human rights work.
Workshop I: Conceptualizing
Dari or English.
• Deadline for application is October 30, 2004.
Women’s Human Rights will take place in
December 2004. Workshop II: Capacity-building for Women’s Civil Society will be held in April
2005.
Application forms are available from: http:// www.dd-rd.ca/frame2.iphtml?langue=0&menu= m01&urlpage=english/commdoc/publications/ women/afghanWomenRightsMenu.html
• Applicants from Afghanistan, Iran, Pakistan and Uzbekistan are eligible.
• Rights & Democracy will provide travel bursaries and accommodation for participants coming from outside major urban areas.
Send application by e-mail or fax to:
Lauren Oates, Project Associate
Women's Rights in Afghanistan Fund loates@dd-rd.ca
+514 283-6073, ext. 251
Fax: +514 283-3792

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004 Page 6
The Human Rights Research and Advocacy Consortium (HRRAC) by Sara Aviel
Kabul, Afghanistan
In 2003, the Human Rights Research and Advocacy Consortium (HRRAC)—a group of 13 Afghan and international NGOs committed to proactive research and advocacy on human rights—conducted a major survey of Afghan opinion, released as the report, Speaking Out . A key finding of the report was that many
Afghans believed that disarmament was the most important thing that could be done to improve their security. Afghans also had very high expectations that national elections would bring positive changes to the country. Taking these conclusions as a starting point, HRRAC recently carried out over 700 surveys and in-depth interviews in six provinces to investigate the impact of guns on the everyday lives of Afghans, and the effect people think this may have on elections. They also wanted to discover what Afghans hope the elections will bring. The results appear in a newly released report, Take the guns away: Afghan voices on security and elections.
HRRAC conducts this type of research not only to increase general understanding of Afghan opinions, but because these opinions should play a central role in policy decisions. Much of the policy discussion about Afghanistan—in the country and around the world—focuses on the “big picture.” The voices of the majority of Afghans are simply not heard nor heeded in the corridors of power in Kabul, Washington, New
York, and Brussels. While not claiming to be statistically representative of the Afghan population, Take the guns away highlights the views of some Afghans, including farmers, teachers, housewives, and shopkeepers—views that should, as much as any other, influence the many decisions facing Afghanistan.
Representing Afghan voices fairly is no simple task. Inevitably, the field research revealed that Afghan perceptions are diverse, complex, and sometimes conflicting. On the one hand, the majority of Afghans in the survey felt security had improved and there were fewer weapons in the hands of gunmen than a year ago. At the same time, in all the areas visited, Afghans told horrifying accounts of humiliation and abuse by commanders and their men. Afghans overwhelmingly wanted disarmament to be accelerated and their government to do more to reduce the power of commanders. Similarly, although many expressed fears about election-related violence, intimidation, and the unlikelihood of free and fair elections, most Afghans surveyed expected that they would be able to choose freely and that elections would bring positive change to the country.
While collecting and analyzing the study data, HRRAC often struggled with how to make sense of such seemingly contradictory information. There was a worry that policy-makers might try to use some of the findings to their advantage without looking at the full picture. For example, the fact that 76% of Afghans believe that security has improved means little without understanding that the definition of security for many Afghans was merely the lack of widespread conflict. Even with this definition, the 76% figure masks severe regional differences—only 35% of people in Kandahar felt that security had improved.
The in-depth interviews provided the necessary context to put the HRRAC survey results into perspective.
Often, interviewees would begin by saying that security had improved, but would then proceed to discuss violent land disputes, arbitrary murders, and their intense fears about their children being kidnapped. After hearing such horrifying accounts, the respondents’ answers that there is less crime in their area were puzzling. Many expressed concerns about gunmen and commanders disrupting elections, and yet, 75% of Afghans expect that they will be free to choose who they want to vote for.

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004 Page 7
Effective advocacy sometimes tries to minimize such nuances, thriving on clear, simple messages to convey a sense of urgency to policy-makers. Conducting research for the purposes of advocacy can expose difficult tensions between research and advocacy objectives. HRRAC conducted primary research because it feels that it is critical that Afghan voices inform and influence policy. Reducing or simplifying the multi-faceted views that came across in the research would not do justice to the goal of lifting Afghan voices.
At the same time, HRRAC did not want the range of Afghans’ differing opinions to obscure the clear demands and desires that were expressed by Afghans again and again in every place visited. Most notably, there was serious frustration at the slow pace of disarmament and an overwhelming desire for elections to bring forth significant changes to the country.
Accurately representing the diversity of views encountered while simultaneously highlighting the prevailing, and often resounding, consensus around key issues required striking a difficult balance throughout the report. In the end, the hope is that Take the guns away does justice to both the diversity and complexity of views Afghans shared during the survey, while simultaneously conveying Afghans’ overwhelming desires to see an end to the terror of commanders and to participate in free and fair elections. For more information on HRRAC or to obtain copies of its reports, please visit: www.afghanadvocacy.org or email Sara Aviel at sara.aviel@care.org.af. Hard copies of Speaking Out are also available for free at AREU's Kabul office.
This section highlights research publications recently received by AREU, or those forthcoming in late autumn 2004.
The Afghan agricultural extension system
(AES): impact of the Soviet occupation and prospects for the future / Tooryalai Wesa.
Coquitlam, British Columbia, Canada:
Partnership Afghanistan-Canada (PAC),
[2004?]. [13] p.; 30 cm. Thesis (Ph.D.)–
University of British Columbia, 2002.
The Soviet occupation of Afghanistan left significant impacts on agriculture and other sectors. Agriculture was affected in many ways from the integrity of irrigation systems to the cultivation of opium poppies. Various aspects of the agriculture extension system (AES), as the main department within the Ministry of
Agriculture (MA), were severely affected. This study was designed to assess the impacts of the occupation and identify recommendations for its future development. A survey design was used. Sixty-two Afghans with detailed knowledge about the occupation and agriculture participated in the study. The survey covering three areas: demographic characteristics of respondents, impacts of the occupation, and prospects for the future of the Afghan AES.
This report is available online at: http:// topics.developmentgateway.org/afghanistan/rc/
ItemDetail.do~1005900~intcmp=00001
AIAEE Abstract-1 Thesis.doc
Understanding civil society in Afghanistan /
Sippi Azerbaijani-Moghaddam. Kabul: Afghan
Civil Society Forum (swisspeace), 2004. (Internal document, work in progress).
The purpose of this on-going baseline study is to provide information about civil society in
Afghanistan to donor countries and international organizations: especially to those willing to support and strengthen it.
For more information contact: acsfkabul@swisspeace.ch or Susanne Schmeidl at schmeidl@swisspeace.unibe.ch
Japan NGO Network
Japan Afghan NGO Network (JANN) has launched a database of recent reports about Afghanistan; up to four new translations will be made available every month. JANN has also recently made its
DDR papers available in Japanese. The database is available at: http://www.jca.apc.org/~jann/ database.html

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004
Beyond the continuum: the changing role of aid policy in protracted crises / researched written and published by the Humanitarian Policy
Group at ODI ; edited by Adele Harmer and
Joanna Macrae. London: Overseas Development
Institute (ODI), 2004. 78 p.; 30 cm. ISBN
0850037190. (HPG report 18).
This report is the third in HPG’s annual series analysing key trends in the humanitarian sector.
Previous years’ reports have focused on the changing relationship between humanitarian action and political responses to conflict-related crises, and on the implications of the global war on terrorism for humanitarian action. This year’s review of trends examines how the international development aid system is becoming increasingly engaged in situations which, for many years, have been seen as largely the preserve of the humanitarian community. It reviews the changing relationship between the ideas, instruments and financing of the humanitarian system and of mainstream development cooperation in situations of protracted crisis.
The report can be downloaded from: http:// www.odi.org.uk/hpg/papers/hpgreport18.pdf.
The changing role of the UN in protracted crises / commissioned and published by the
Humanitarian Policy Goup (HPG) ; Bruce D.
(ODI), 2004. 4 p.; 30 cm. (HPG Research briefing
; no. 17)
Since the early 1990s, UN responses to protracted crises have evolved from a focus on
“transitions” to parallel humanitarian and development activity, to “strategic frameworks” and “integration.” The response agenda was driven by the interaction of concepts such as human development and human security, as well as the interest-based politics of member states and the bureaucratic politics of the UN. Only occasionally have policy concepts been translated into operational tools. Today, there is growing interest in expanding the UN’s role in protracted crises and post-conflict operations. However, the UN faces challenges which need to be resolved, including maintaining political independence from powerful member states, ensuring staff security and advancing shared policies for implementation.
Page 8
The paper is available at: http://www.odi.org.uk/ hpg/hpgbrief17.pdf
Reforming fiscal and economic management in Afghanistan / Michael Carnahan, Nick
Manning, Richard Bontjer and Stéphane
Guimbert, editors. Washington, D. C.: The
World Bank, 2004. xx, 156 p.; 23 cm. ISBN
0821357867. (Directions in development,
Washington, D.C.).
This volume builds on papers prepared for an April
2003 World Bank workshop in Washington, DC.
It sets out the policy and institutional reforms made by the interim and transitional administrations of Afghanistan since the Bonn conference in November 2001. It explores the complexities of managing the significant amount of development assistance and donor interest while balancing the need to respond to donor priorities and to build strong public-sector institutions. The book demonstrates that the budget must be the primary vehicle for developing and then implementing policy, and shows how this strategy has shaped the renewal of
Afghanistan’s finance ministry. The volume closes with a specific agenda for finance ministry reform and restructuring.
Voter education planning survey: Afghanistan
2004 national elections: a report based on a public opinion poll / Criag Charney, Radhika
Nanda, Nicole Yakatan. [New York?]: The Asia
Foundation, 2004. 123 p.; 30 cm.
The survey was undertaken by The Asia
Foundation in order to provide detailed, quantified information on the knowledge and attitudes of
Afghan citizens regarding their country’s forthcoming first national elections. The goal was to use the findings to provide the Foundation and other non-governmental organizations conducting voter education with information needed to more accurately plan their work for the election. The survey was conducted between February and
March 2004 and consisted of a random, representative sample of 804 in-person interviews with Afghan citizens 18 or older living in the country. It was conducted in 29 of Afghanistan’s
32 provinces. Interviewing took place in every region, in both rural and urban areas, and among men and women.

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004
This report is available online at: http:// topics.developmentgateway.org/afghanistan/rc/
ItemDetail.do~1007370~intcmp=00001
Enjoy Afghanistan : an orientation manual for expatriate workers / compiled by International
Assistance Mission (IAM). Peshawar, Pakistan
: InterLit Foundation, 2004. 377 p. ; 27 cm. ISBN
969834330X.
While not strictly a research publication, this manual fills a long-felt gap in guidebooks for those new to Afghanistan. Along with the obligatory potted history, the book gives eminently practical advice on culture and customs, beliefs and practices of Islam, security, health, food and kitchen management, coordination of NGO work and government structures, language learning principles, multi-cultural team dynamics, and reprints a thirty-page briefing pack produced by the British Agencies Afghanistan Group (BAAG).
The manual is available from IAM headquarters in Kabul, contact: hq@iamafg.org or media@iamafg.org, phone: 020 250 1185 or mobile: 070 277 296. IAM also runs bi-monthly four-day orientation courses for foreign workers in Afghanistan. Please contact the above numbers for details.
Journal of Afghanistan Studies
The first issue of the Journal of Afghanistan
Studies became available in September 2004, produced by the Afghanistan Studies Institute
(formerly Writer’s Union of Free Afghanistan). The contents included:
• Love thy neighbor; kill thy neighbor : critical review of Pakistan’s Afghan policy / Hamid
Hussain
• Secure borders in South Asia / Barnett. R.
Rubin
• Post-conflict reconstruction: from process and practice / Beth Eggleston
• Afghanistan : a century of foreign interventions
/ Abdul-Karim Khan
• Pak-Afghan relationship : from conflict to cooperation / Imtiaz Gul
• Cross-border law enforcement cooperation for Afghanistan / Brian Iselin
• Afghanistan war, conflict, arms / Ahmad Shah
Habib.
Page 9
• Demining reflections of an Afghan professional/Khair Mohammad Sharif.
Copies of the journal are available in Afghanistan for US $10 and abroad for US$15. Subscription/ purchase inquiries can be sent to: A. Amin,
Editor, Journal of Afghanistan Studies
,
Seminar
& Research Coordinator, Afghanistan Study
Centre, House # 3, Street # 1, Kolola Pushta,
Kabul, Afghanistan, Tel: +93 079 202 076 or +93
079 202 076 or email: afghanstudiesjournal@ yahoo.com or afghanistan@kurdland.com
Interface between state and society: an approach for Afghanistan: discussion paper /
Raphy Favre. 16 p.; 30 cm. (Forthcoming) 2004.
The two main concepts analyzed in this report are the notions of qawm and manteqa , which are common characteristics of Afghan society. The paper discusses the implication of these notions in the relation between the state and society as a central issue of governance, reconciliation and reconstruction. It poses the question on how to get “ there ” at the local level and implement government policies. The discussion paper hypothesis is that the failure of successive government administration in Afghanistan is partly due to a failed interface between the state apparatus and society. Therefore, the form of interaction between the new government and
Afghan society will determine how successful this administration will perform as compared to the previous ones.
For further details contact the author at: raphyfavre@gmx.net.
Metrics to monitor governance and reconstruction in Afghanistan : development of measures of effectiveness for civil-military operations and a standardized tool to monitor governance quality / authors Anthony E.
Pusateri … [et al.]. Fort Bragg, North Carolina :
United States Army Civil Affairs and Psychological
Operations Command, 2004.
“USACAPOC Technical report 04-01, 12 March
2004”.
Metrics were developed to assess and monitor in a statistically valid manner the development of good governance in Afghanistan. Measures of effectiveness (MOE) were developed for civilmilitary operations in Afghanistan. This report

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004 documents (1) methods to develop MOE, which may be used to develop MOE for any type of operation; (2) the civil-military end state defined in the process; (3) a comprehensive system of
MOE for Afghanistan; (4) a new assessment tool, the Assessment of Governance Quality Indicators, which allows assessment and monitoring of governance development; and (5) a national sampling strategy to monitor governance development throughout Afghanistan. Methods and metrics documented here have applicability for both the military and civilian assistance community.
Results summary : baseline assessment of governance quality indicators for Gardez,
Jalalabad, and Kandahar (preliminary analysis) / [Anthony P.] Pusateri … .[et al.]. [Fort
Bragg, North Carolina: United States Army Civil
Affairs and Psychological Operations Command,
2004.]
Baseline governance assessments were performed … for Gardez, Jalalabad, and Kandahar
City during December 2003, using the
Assessment of Governance Quality Indicators
(AGQI) data collection sheet and the procedures described in the technical report Metrics to
Monitor Governance and Reconstruction in
Afghanistan: Development of Measures of
Effectiveness for Civil-Military Operations and a
Standardized Tool to Monitor Governance Quality
(DTIC Report ADA42244). This document summarizes data from the three cities, which taken together are representative of the three most important indicator cities in the Southeastern,
Eastern, and Southern UNAMA regions of
Afghanistan, respectively. This represents an initial analysis. Methods of analysing and reporting the data will be modified to meet the specific needs of involved agencies.
Child marriage in Afghanistan: a preliminary briefing / Sajia Behgam and Wahida Mukhtar.
[Kabul]: medica mondiale, 2004. 18 p.; 30 cm.
This paper is a preliminary examination of some of the dimensions of child marriage in Afghanistan and its consequences. It includes information about traditional views of marriage, current marriage laws, international standards, reports of medica mondiale psychologists and gynaecologists, opinions of Afghan experts and
Page 10 authorities, and data from prisons, schools and hospitals.
For more information or to obtain copies, email: rachelwareham@yahoo.com or Stefanie_ kuenzel@yahoo.de
Human security and livelihoods of rural
Afghans, 2002-2003: a report for the United
States Agency for International
Development / Feinstein International Famine
Center, Youth and Community Program, Tufts
University, USA. Medford, Ma., USA: Feinstein
International Famine Center, Tufts University,
2004. 263 p.: maps ; 30 cm. Bibliography, p.
258-263.
This important report documents and analyses recent countrywide trends in the relationship between human security and livelihoods throughout rural Afghanistan from 2002-2003. All countrywide information is generated by analyses of 2003 Nationwide Risk and Vulnerability
Assessment (NRVA) survey data. In addition, the report includes detailed analyses on six provinces based on primary research by the Tufts team in Badghis, Balkh, Herat, Kabul, Kandahar, and Nangarhar.
The report emphasises the important links among four key aspects of human security in the livelihoods of rural Afghans and the prospects for peace and development in the country in the longer term. The four aspects of human security are: human rights and personal security, societal and community security, economic and resource security, and governance and political security.
The report also examines and analyzes the formal, traditional, and customary mechanisms that are in place to address injustice and mitigate security and livelihood threats for the rural Afghan population. Policy recommendations are made based on findings and analyses.
The report is available online at: http:// www.famine.tufts.edu
Registan water/pasture assessment (UNAMA): final report July 20, 2004 / Central Asia
Development Group. Singapore: Central Asia
Development Group, 2004. 129 p.: col. ill., maps
; 30 cm. + 1 computer optical disc.

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004
The desolate desert in Afghanistan’s Kandahar and Helmand Provinces was previously populated by thousands of pastoralists until a devastating drought decimated animal herds and forced them to live as IDPs (Internally Displaced Persons) on land bordering the desert. Through funding from
UNAMA (United Nations Assistance Mission in
Afghanistan), Central Asia Development Group
(CADG) assessed conditions in the Registan
Desert and border regions to devise solutions to the problems facing Registan Kuchi nomads.
Work commenced in mid-February 2004 and was completed at the end of June 2004. This report details objectives, work methods, findings, and work plans/strategies for returning Registan pastoralists to their place of origin.
The demodernization of an army: northern
Afghanistan, 1992-2001 / Antonio Giustozzi.
Published in: Small wars and insurgencies , v. 15
(no. 1) (Spring 2004), p. 1-19.
After the fall of the communist regime in
Afghanistan, remnants of the Afghan regular army organized themselves into one of the factional armies which filled the vacuum created by the collapse of the Afghan state. Initially, this army maintained features similar to those of the regular forces from which it came, but over the years it developed into something closer and closer to the militias which occupied most of the rest of the country. The article tries to explain the causes of this transformation.
L’évaluation de programme en santé internationale : qu’est-ce que c’est, comment la planifier et utiliser une approche participative?
/ par Valéry Ridde. Développement et santé , février 2004 (no. 169) p. 23-29.
Based on an example from Africa and from
Afghanistan, this paper argues for the use of participative methods in the evaluation of projects funded by NGOs. For more information contact: valery.ridde1@ulaval.ca
NEEP-rural access, field manual for road planning: review of the Kapisa pilot project planning, January-July 2004 / Ruth Schaffner.
Kabul: National Emergency Employment
Programme, 2004. 12, [3] p. ; 30 cm. Also published in Dari.
Page 11
In the absence of a comprehensive planning methodology, tailored to the Afghan context, alternative guidelines need to be developed to assist the government decision-making at various administrative levels in identifying and prioritising infrastructure projects. A relatively simple and transparent tool to facilitate the planning process is the Integrated Rural Accessibility Planning
(IRAP) procedure. Its main purpose is to identify access problems and propose solutions; and it can be effectively used at community level, at district level, at provincial level and at the national level.
Based on the IRAP logic, the NEEP short-term planning advisor, in close coordination with the key counterparts, has developed a draft Field
Manual for Road Planning in Afghanistan. In this document a method is proposed for the identification and prioritization of roads and other infrastructures for implementation. It is a practical methodology, intended to be used at the provincial and district levels by practitioners in the field.
The document is available online at: http:// www.neepjpmu.org/
**Update**
The International Development Law
Organization has updated its Compilation of Afghan laws (cited in the last newsletter), to cover laws and decrees published in Rasmi jaridah no. 808 (2003 /
1382).
Also available is Fihrist-i firâmîn / Vizârati ’Adlîyah. [Kabul: Vizârat-i ’Adlîyah, 2004].
[17] p.; 30 cm; an unpublished listing of
382 firmans (plural in Dari is firâmîn ) from the Ministry of Justice. The first dated 1343 and the most recent 1382 (2003).
For more information contact: afghanistanILDO@idlo.int or visit: www.idlo.int

Page 12 Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004
Free, Fair or Flawed: Challenges to Legitimate
Elections in Afghanistan. AREU's latest briefing paper examines the challenges facing the holding of presidential and parliamentary elections, and how these can be minimised to ensure the Afghan public perceives the elections as legitimate.
Looking for Peace on the Pastures.
This issues paper extrapolates on lessons learned from studying land conflicts in Bamyan,
Badakhshan and Faryab Provinces and offers new approaches for how to begin dealing with land tensions in both policy and practice. The paper will likely be available in late October/ early November 2004.
The A to Z Guide to Afghanistan Assistance,
3rd Edition. The all new 2004 edition of AREU's popular A to Z guide features updated maps, contact directory, and information on Afghan government and assistance actors. Also included is a section on the forthcoming elections, including timelines and the electoral law.
Transnational Networks.
In October/
November, AREU expects to release two case studies and a briefing paper about the social and economic networks of returning refugees in
Herat and Faryab Provinces, and how transnational networks aid returnees with reintegrating into Afghan society.
Rural Land Relations in Conflict: A Way
Forward.
This briefing paper draws upon case studies from Bamyan, Badakhshan and Faryab
Provinces to examine the tensions that exist around land use and ownership. It also offers recommendations to policymakers to assist in rectifying conflict over pasture lands.
Rural Livelihoods Working Paper.
From the next phase of AREU’s rural livelihoods research programme, this paper will focus on women and their land and livestock ownership.
From Subjects to Citizens: Local Participation in the National Solidarity Programme (NSP).
This report draws upon studies of six districts, and the perceptions local people had about the
NSP and elections for Community Development
Councils. It highlights the enthusiastic reception of NSP in the majority of study areas, as well as the role women have been permitted to play within the NSP.
Gender and Local-level Decision-making.
AREU intends to release four case studies and a briefing paper based on this survey of women’s decision-making as observed in
Bamyan, Balkh, Herat and Kabul Provinces.
Other publications, including a briefing paper on urban governance and management, a paper on transnational justice and gender and a an education situational analysis, are due out later in the year.
In addition to the recent publications noted previously, several organisations and individuals submitted the following publications.
The following reports are available from http:// www.dec.org:
Mission, U.S. Agency for International
Development, 2004. 38 p.; 30 cm.
Afghanistan poultry sub-sector assessment: findings and recommendations: draft /
Rebuilding Agricultural Markets Program,
(RAMP). Kabul, Afghanistan: Afghanistan
Agrometeorological drought analysis for
Afghanistan: agricultural year 2003/04 /
Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,
FAAHM Information and Policy Unit. Kabul:
Ministry of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,
2004. 27, 27 p.: col. map ; 30 cm.

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004
Assessment of RAMP technology diffusion program / by John L. Woods. Kabul,
Afghanistan: Afghanistan Mission, U.S. Agency for International Development, 2003. 38 p.; 30 cm.
Assessment report: Afghanistan fruit and nut production, processing and marketing / Trans
Sierra, Richard Bosio, Douglas Doty. [Kabul?:
Rebuilding Agricultural Markets Program,
(RAMP)?], 2004. 18 p.; 30 cm.
Brief report on Kabul city main vegetable/ fresh fruits and food stuff markets / [Rebuilding
Agricultural Markets in Afghanistan (RAMP)].
[Kabul: Rebuilding Agricultural Markets in
Afghanistan (RAMP)], 2004. 2 p.; 30 cm.
Cotton production assessment / Afghanistan
RAMP (Rebuilding Agricultural Markets in
Afghanistan) / submitted by Chemonics
International. [Kabul]: Rebuilding Agricultural
Markets Program, (RAMP), 2004. 12 p.; 30 cm.
Geographic information systems (GIS) applications for mapping RAMP activities and impacts / by Mohamed Khatouri. Kabul: US
Agency for International Development/Kabul,
2003. 18 p.: col. maps ; 30 cm.
Helmand market assessment / submitted by
Chemonics International; submitted to
Afghanistan Mission, US Agency for International
Development .
Kabul: Afghanistan Mission, US
Agency for International Development, 2003. ix,
27 p.; 30 cm.
Kunduz market assessment / submitted by
Chemonics International; submitted to
Afghanistan Mission, US Agency for International
Development. Kabul: Afghanistan Mission, US
Agency for International Development, 2003. x,
25 p.; 30 cm.
Market centers / submitted to US Agency for
International Development/Kabul ; submitted by
Chemonics International. Kabul: US Agency for
International Development, 2004. 6 p.; 30 cm.
Policy issues and recommendations for the cotton subsector in Afghanistan : a RAMP agricultural policy briefing paper / Kenneth
Neils, Mohammad Usman. Kabul, Afghanistan:
RAMP Rebuilding Agricultural Markets Program,
2003. 3 p.; 30 cm.
Page 13
RAMP guidelines for establishing farmer demonstration plots / John L. Woods. Kabul,
Afghanistan: RAMP Rebuilding Agricultural
Markets in Afghanistan Program, 2004. 5 p.; 30 cm.
RAMP guidelines for gathering information on farmers and key stakeholder groups / by
John L. Woods. Kabul, Afghanistan: Chemonics
International, 2003. 5 p.; 30 cm.
Rehabilitation needs assessment for the middle Helmand irrigated agriculture system
/ Rebuilding Agricultural Markets Program,
(RAMP). [Kabul]: Rebuilding Agricultural Markets
Program, (RAMP), 2004. 95 p: col. ill.; 30 cm.
Report on market structure assessment through agricultural cooperative[s] in Parwan and Nangahar [ie. Nangarhar] provinces from
28 December.03 to 31.Dec.03 and 05.01.04 to
09.01.04
/ submitted by Chemonics International.
Kabul: Afghanistan RAMP Rebuilding Agricultural
Markets in Afghanistan, 2004. 23 p.: col. ill.; 30 cm.
Rural finance assessment: part I: agricultural processors and cooperatives: final draft /
RAMP, Rebuilding Agricultural Markets Program,
Expanding Rural Finance Component. Kabul:
RAMP, Rebuilding Agricultural Markets Program,
Expanding Rural Finance Component, 2003. 39 p.: ill.; 30 cm.
Specific market assessments for almonds
(shelled and unshelled), dried raisins and dried apricots, etc .
/ by Ken Neils; submitted to US Agency for International Development/
Kabul; submitted by Chemonics International.
Kabul: US Agency for International Development/
Kabul, 2004. 16 p.; 30 cm.
Trip report and outline of a strategy paper for central Helmand irrigation systems,
Afghanistan / by Richard B. Scott. Kabul: US
Agency for International Development, 2004. 14 p.; 30 cm.
Trip report: agricultural communication /
Tooryalai Wesa and Dan Hilleman; RAMP,
Chemonics International. Kabul, Afghanistan:
RAMP, Chemonics International, 2004. 26 p.: ill.;
30 cm.

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004
Other agricultural reports include:
Emergency drought assessment in 12 vulnerable southern provinces / Ministry of
Irrigation, Water Resources and Environment.
Kabul: Ministry of Irrigation, Water Resources and Environment, 2004. 19 p.; 30 cm.
Market sector assessment in horticulture: phase 1, market research, identification of business opportunities: a study for Ministry of Commerce and UNDP / Altai Consulting.
Kabul: Altai Consulting, 2004. 2 parts: col ill. ;
30 cm. The objectives of this project were to promote horticulture development through business opportunites for the private sector.
Research was conducted in the field and by surveying existing literature, this survey focuses on market identification but will be of use to all interested in the development of Afghan horticulture. Available from: w w w . a l t a i c o n s u l t i n g . c o m /
Horticulture_Market_Survey/presentation.pdf and www.altaiconsulting.com/Horticulture_Market_
Survey/annexes.pdf
Technical lessons learned from the Afghan
Civil Society Forum (ACSF)-swisspeace Civic
Education for the Constitution Project: final version / Sippi Azarbaijani-Moghaddam. Kabul:
Afghan Civil Society Forum (ACSF)-swisspeace,
2003. 97 p.; 30 cm. Contact: Susanne Schmeidl at schmeidl@swisspeace.unibe.ch
Report of reconnaissance tour into the perspectives of a capacity building entity for civil society development in Afghanistan / team Ismael Hail, Cornélie van Waegeningh
(author of report) ; resource persons
Anwarulhaqu Jabarkhail, Bert van Ruitenbeek.
Kabul, Afghanistan: [Cordaid], 2004. [31] p.; 30 cm.
Afghanistan: proposals from the human security perspective / National Institute for
Research Advancement (NIRA). Tokyo, Japan:
National Institute for Research Advancement
(NIRA), 2004. 34 p.; 30 cm. Available from: http:/
/www.nira.go.jp/
Afghanistan: proposals: state rebuilding, reconstruction and development: outline /
National Institute for Research Advancement
Page 14
(NIRA). Tokyo, Japan: National Institute for
Research Advancement (NIRA), 2004. 10 p.; 30 cm.
Afghanistan: state building, sustaining growth, and reducing poverty: a country economic report: draft / Poverty Reduction and
Economic Management Sector Unit, South Asia
Region. Washington, D. C.: World Bank, 2004.
140, xiii, xix p.; 30 cm. Report No. 29551-AF.
An elusive quest: integration in the responses to the Afghan crisis / Antonio Donini. New York:
Carnegie Council on Ethics and International
Affairs (CCEIA), 2004 (p. 63-69). The UN humanitarian response in Afghanistan spans 15 years, during which humanitarianism has waxed and waned. A retrospective look at this period provides insights on an interesting range of approaches and respect/disrespect for basic humanitarian principles. Afghanistan shows, for example, that definitions of what was
“humanitarian” have expanded and contracted to suit particular political contexts.
Environment and human development in
Afghanistan: background paper for NHDR-
Afghanistan / by Daud S. Saba. [Kabul]:
National Human Development Report,
Afghanistan, 2003.
Interim report on the ‘Preliminary master plan’ (management plan): results of the 2003-
2004 archaeological survey and the property zoning proposal for the protection of the
World Heritage Site Bamiyan / National
Research Institute for Cultural Properties. Tokyo:
National Research Institute for Cultural
Properties. 2004. 54 p.; 30 cm. An appendix (p.
48-54) gives “Tentative proposal zoning controls” for a number of zones: archaeological protection, agricultural landscape protection, local bazaar / public facilities zones under special protection, town development control zone, natural landscape conservation zone.
National Priority Programs (NPPs): an overview: consultation draft / The Transitional
Islamic State of Afghanistan. Kabul: The
Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan, 2004.
22 p.; 30 cm. This document outlines all existing
NPPs. The meeting on 23-24th June 2004 received a number of presentations to the Budget
Committee outlined progress in each of the existing NPPs:

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004
• Justice and Rule of Law: National Priority
Program [presentation to Budget
Committee]. [Kabul]: [Joint Planning Team],
2004. 12 p.; 30 cm.
• National Agricultural Priority Programme
/ presented by J[oint] P[lanning] T[eam],
Ghulam Mustafa Jawad and Mohammad
Taos to Budget Committee. [Kabul]: [Joint
Planning Team], 2004. [13] p.; 30 cm.
• National feasibility studies program: program strategy: presentation to the
Budget Committee / prepared by National
Feasibility Studies Program Steering
Committee (The Ministry of Finance, The
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Ministry of
Planning, The Ministry of Reconstruction)
; presented by Ah. Wali Shairzay and Yalda
Asmatey. [Kabul]: National Priority
Programs, National Feasibility Studies
Program, 2004. 13 p.; 30 cm.
• National Irrigation and Power Program
[presentation to Budget Committee]. [Kabul]:
[Ministry of Irrigation and Power], 2004. 33 p.; 30 cm.
• National Priority Program (NPP) for the national transport sector / presentation to
Oversight Committee by the Joint Planning
Team (JPT) of the Ministries of Public Works,
Civil Aviation, and Transport. [Kabul]:
Ministries of Public Works, Civil Aviation, and
Transport, 2004. 6 p.; 30 cm.
• National Private Sector Programme:
National Priority Programmes, presentation to Budget Committee 23rd
June 2004 / Ministry of Commerce. Kabul:
Ministry of Commerce, 2004. 12 p.; 30 cm.
• National Skills Development and Labour
Market Programme / presentation by J[oint]
P[lanning] T[eam], 2004. [Kabul]: Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, 2004. 23 p.; 30 cm.
• National Urban Program: National Priority
Programs / Ministry of Urban Development and Housing, Islamic Transitional State of
Afghanistan. Kabul: Ministry of Urban
Development and Housing, 2004. 20 p.: ill. ;
30 cm.
Page 15
• National urban program . [Kabul] :
[UNHABITAT?], [2004]. [16] p.; 30 cm.
• National Vulnerability Programme / Joint
Planning Team [presentation to Oversight
Committee]. [Kabul]: Joint Planning Team,
2004. 6 p.; 30 cm.
• NEEP joint planning team (MRRD, MPW,
MIWRE, MOWA, MRR) presentation to
Oversight Committee / by Omar Khan
Azizi. [Kabul]: MRRD, 2004. 14 p.; 30 cm.
Report and recommendation of the
President to the Board of Directors on a proposed loan and technical assistance grant to the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan for the agriculture sector program / Asian
Development Bank. [Manila?]: Asian
Development Bank, 2004. vii, 70 p.: map ; 30 cm. This report includes assessments of various parts of the Afghan agricultural sector and the strategies envisaged to develop them. The report is online at: http:// topics.developmentgateway.org/afghanistan/rc/
ItemDetail.do~1005620~intcmp=00001
Sistem-i dawlatdäri-i Afghänistän / Nasrullah
Stanakzai. [Kabul: National Human Development
Report, Afghanistan, 2004]. 17 p.; 30 cm.
2004 Afghan elections project / Transitional
Islamic State of Afghanistan, United Nations
Assistance Mission in Afghanistan, United
Nations Development Programme, Joint Electoral
Management Body. Kabul: Transitional Islamic
State of Afghanistan, 2004. 12 p.; 30 cm.
2004 Afghanistan presidential election: operational plan outline: pending approval /
Joint Electoral Management Body. Kabul: Joint
Electoral Management Body, 2004. 67 p. ; 30 cm. 3/08/2004.
2005 Afghanistan constituent assembly election operational plan outline: pending approval / Joint Electoral Management Body.
Kabul: Joint Electoral Management Body, 2004.
53 p.; 30 cm.
Voter registration project for Afghanistan /
Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan, United
Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan,
United Nations Development Programme. Kabul:

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004
Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan, [2004].
31, 1, 40, [11], 5 p. ; 30 cm.
All of these above publications are available from the JEMB website: www.electionsafghanistan.org.af\index.html
Political parties list / [Joint Electoral
Management Body (JEMB)]. Kabul: Joint
Electoral Management Body. v.; 30 cm. Issued:
July 28th 2004, [1 August 2004].
Statement of the NDI pre-election delegation to Afghanistan / National Democratic Institute
(NDI). [Kabul]: National Democratic Institute
(NDI), 2004. 14 p.; 30 cm. Avaiulable at: http:// www.ndi.org/
Resource list of funding agencies for projects supporting Afghan women / Driots et
Démocratie, Rights and Democracy. Montréal,
Canada: Centre International des droits de la personne et du développement démocratique =
International Centre for Human Rights and
Democratic Development, [2004]. 13 p.; 30 cm.
The list is available at: http://www.w4wafghan.ca/ pdf/Alternative%20Funding.pdf.
Seizing an opportunity: Afghan women and the constitution-making process / Rights and
Democracy Mission report , May-June 2003 / by
Ariane Brunet and Isabelle Solon Helal. Montréal
(Québec): Droits et Démocratie, 2003. 56 p. ; 28 cm. Available at : http://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/ g r o u p s / p u b l i c / d o c u m e n t s / A P C I T Y /
UNPAN016657.pdf
Recommendations for integrating gender into the Rebuilding Agricultural Markets in
Afghanistan program (RAMP) / Mary Hill
Rojas, Zulaikha Aziz. Kabul: RAMP and USAID/
Afghanistan, 2004. 12, 2, 3, 4, 23, 7 p.; 30 cm.
Downloadable from http://www.dec.org
Asymmetric reforms: agency level reforms in the Afghan civil service / Eklil Hakimi, Nick
Manning, Satyendra Prasad, Keir Prince.
Washington, D.C.: South Asia Poverty and
Economic Management, World Bank, 2004. 35 p.; 30 cm. (PREM working paper series).
Page 16
Crafting a constitution for Afghanistan /
Barnett R. Rubin. Published in Journal of democracy , v. 15 (3 July 2004), p. [5]-19.
The family during crisis in Afghanistan /
Nancy Hatch Dupree. In, Journal of Comparative
Family Studies . Calgary, Spring 2004. v. 35 (2); pg. 311 onwards.
Overcoming barriers to reproductive health care in post-conflict Afghanistan / Marie Stopes
International. London: Marie Stopes International,
2004. 22 p.: col. ill.; 30 cm. Text in English and
Dari. Available at: http://www.mariestopes.org.uk/ ww/publications.htm (under heading Research).
Report about pharmaceuticals and the pharmaceutical system in Afghanistan / [Asif
Karimi]. Unpublished paper. 7 p.; 30 cm. The purpose of this private study was to contribute to the understanding the pharmaceutical system in
Afghanistan. It is not for distribution but can be consulted in the AREU library.
Country profile of Afghanistan and the international human rights system: draft /
[UNAMA?]. [Kabul]: [UNAMA?], [2004]. 17, 30 p.; 30 cm.
Internews newsletter on freedom of journalism in Afghanistan / Internews. Kabul: Internews.
v.; 30 cm. First issue September 2004. Available at: http://www.internews.org/regions/centralasia/ afghanistan.htm
An evaluation of Humanitarian Information
Centers : including case studies of HICs for
Iraq, Afghanistan, and Liberia / submitted by
Lewis Sida, Chris Szpak. [Washington, D.C.? :
USAID / OFDA, DFID, 2004]. [ca. 55 p.] ; 30 cm.
Available at: http:// topics.developmentgateway.org/afghanistan/rc/
ItemDetail.do~1010915~intcmp=00001
Information and Legal Advice Project:
Afghanistan / Norwegian Refugee Council. From
June 2004 entitled: Information and Legal Aid
Project: Afghanistan. The overwhelming majority of cases registered at NRC’s legal aid centres relate to land and property, but there are also a number of other types of cases and, in particular, in increasing number of family-related cases.

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004
Land and property disputes in eastern
Afghanistan / by Conor Foley. Kabul:
Flyktningerådet, Norwegian Refugee Council,
2004. 19 p.: col. ill. ; 30 cm.
For more information contact Simon Russell , Info/
Legal Aid programme manager, NRC-
Afghanistan. Or call (+93) 0702 44953/Thuraya satellite (+88216) 121 130 169. Visit the NRC website at www.nrc.no to see more about the work of the Norwegian Refugee Council, and the
Global IDP Database. NRC has Information &
Legal Advice Centres in Bamiyan, Jalalabad,
Kabul (2), Maimana, Mazar-i-Sharif, Pul-i-Khumri, giving free legal assistance to IDPs, refugees and returnees.
River basins and watersheds of Afghanistan /
Golam Monowar Kamal. Kabul: Afghanistan
Information Management Service (AIMS), 2004.
7 p.: col. maps ; 30 cm. Available from: http:// www.aims.org.af
Opium in Afghanistan: people and poppies, the good evil / by Frank Kenefick, Larry Morgan.
Kabul: US Agency for International Development/
Kabul, 2004. [23] p.; col. maps ; 30 cm.
Afghanistan counter narcotics seminar:
National Defense University, September 9,
2004 / Barnett R. Rubin. New York : Center on
International Cooperation, 2004. 25 p. ; 30 cm.
Overheads from a PowerPoint presentation. This report is downloadable from the website of the
Yahoo newsgroup run by the author: http:// groups.yahoo.com/group/brrafghan/files/
NDU_CN_BRR.ppt (members) or http://groups.yahoo.com/group/brrafghan (nonmembers will need to join the group first to download the file).
Social capital in flight: the dynamics of forced migration in Afghanistan and beyond /
Kristian Berg Harpviken. Thesis Project.
University of Oslo. For more information contact: kristian@prio.no
Afghan refugees in Iran: from refugee emergency to migration management / this policy brief is written by Arne Strand and Astri
Suhrke, and Kristian Berg Harpviken. Oslo:
International Peace Research Institute (PRIO),
Page 17
2004. 8 p.: ill.; 30 cm. Available from: http:// www.cmi.no/afghanistan/peacebuilding/docs/
CMI-PRIO-AfghanRefugeesInIran.pdf
De koninklijke weg / Wies Kalsbeek. Utrecht:
[Stichting voor Vluchteling Studenten UAF, ISP,
Cordaid and ICCO], 2003. 24 p. ; 30 cm. Short study in Dutch about the possibilities for highly trained refugees from Afghanistan, Iran, Sudan,
Somalia to return to their country of origin to participate in development work. Available at: www.uaf.nl
Disarmament and reintegration in
Afghanistan / International Crisis Group (ICG).
Kabul ; Brussels, Belgium: International Crisis
Group (ICG), 2003. iii, 46 p.: map ; 30 cm. (ICG
Asia report ; no. 65).Available at: http:// w w w . c r i s i s w e b . o r g / h o m e / index.cfm?id=2292&l=1 Japanese summary (4 p.)at: http://www.jca.apc.org/~jann/ database.html
Take the guns away: Afghan voices on security and elections / Human Rights
Research and Advocacy Consortium (HRRAC).
Kabul: HRRAC, 2004. [Dari and Pushtu versions coming soon]. This report can be obtained from www.afghanadvocacy.org
or by emailing sara.aviel@care.org.af.
The 3rd edition (2004) of the A to Z Guide to Afghanistan Assistance is now on sale at AREU's office in Kabul. The all new guide features an updated contact directory, a glossary of international and government terms, and an additional section on the upcoming elections, plus much more! The guide is also available to download from
AREU's web site at: www.areu.org.af

Afghanistan Research Newsletter, No. 3, October 1, 2004 Page 18
AREU would like your help in compiling the most up-to-date information about research projects and publications in Afghanistan for the next edition of the Afghanistan Research Newsletter. Please send us information on any recent, current or near-future research projects (studies, reports, databases, web sites and/or assessments, etc.). Specifically, we’re looking for: o Title of research project; o Author(s); o Purpose, themes or abstract; o Timeframe and publication date; o A copy of the report, url, etc.; o Some comments on the methodology may also be relevant; and o Information on how others can request copies of the research from your organisation.
We would appreciate it if you could send these details to newsletter@areu.org.af before
Sunday, 5 December 2004 . Other enquiries can be addressed to:
Royce Wiles
Coordinator, Information Resources
Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit
Charahi Ansari (opposite Insaf Hotel and Popolano's)
Shahr-i Nau, Kabul, Afghanistan royce@areu.org.af
+93 (070) 504 060
The Afghanistan Research Newsletter was produced by AREU staff members Brandy
Bauer and Royce Wiles, with editorial input from Tom Muller and Andrew Wilder. The
Afghanistan Research and Evaluation Unit is an independent research organisation that conducts and facilitates action-oriented research and learning that informs and influences policy and practice. For more information on AREU's publications and services, visit: www.areu.org.af

۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ﻝﻭﺍ ؛ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ
(AREU) ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻪﻳﺮﺸﻧ
۱۳
۱۴
۹
۱۰
۱۰
۱۱
۸
۸
۹
۱۲
۱۲
۱۳
۶
۷
۸
۵
۶
۳
۴
۲
۳
۴
۴
۵
۲
۱۵
۱۶
ﯽﻧﻮﻨﮐ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻭ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
( ۲۰۰۳ )
NRVA
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﺵﺮﺘﺴﮔ
ﺖﺳﻮﺧ ﻭ ﺎﮑﻴﺘﮑﭘ ،ﺎﻴﺘﮑﭘ ﺯﺍ ﯼﺍ ﻪﻠﻴﺒﻗ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻧﺍﻭﺭ ﺖﺤﺻ
ﺏ ﻭﺎﻨﺘﻣ
ﻩﺭﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ
ﺖﺸﻴﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻣﺍ ﻩﮊﻭﺮﭘ
ﯼﻭﺭﺎﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺟﺎﻬﻣ ﻦﻤﳒﺍ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ
۲۰۰۴ / ۱۳۸۳ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗ ، ﯽﻟﺎﺴﮑﺸﺧ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ
ﺍﺭﻮﺘﮐﺩ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ﺐﺴﮐ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺡﻼﺳ ﻊﻠﺧ ﺩ ﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ
ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ
ﯽﻃﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﮑـﺒﺷ ﻭ ﺕﺎـﺴﻠﺟ
ﻥﺯ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﲔﻌﻓﺍﺪﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ
ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯼﺍﺪﺻ : ﺪﻳﺯﺍﺪﻨﻴﺑ ﺭﻭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﺡﻼﺳ : ﻩﺪﻤﻋ ﺐﻠﻄﻣ
ﺕﺍﺮﺸﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻩﺪﻤﻋ
ﺖﻋﺍﺭﺯ
ﯽﻧﺪﻣ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ
ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ
ﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ
ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ
ﺕﺎﻴﻣﻮﻤﻋ
ﯼﺭﺍﺪﺘﻟﻭﺩ
ﯽﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻭ ﺖﺤﺻ
ﺖﺸﻴﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻣﺍ
ﯽﻣﺎﻈﻧ
ﯼﺯﺎﺳﺯﺎﺑ
AREU
ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺁ ﻭ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺕﺍﺮﺸﻧ
ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺕﺍﺮــﺸﻧ
ﯼﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﱪﺧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ
ﱪﺧﺎﺑ ﺩﲑﮕﻴﻣ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﯼﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﮔ ﻩﺪ ﻨﻧﺍﻮﺧ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺴﻨﻳﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﱪﺧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺪ ﺼﻘﻣ
ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﻪﻠﲨ ﺯﺍ ﻡﻭﺍﺪﻣ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﱪﺧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﺸﻧ .
ﺪﻳﺎﳕ ﮏﻤﮐ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺶﺨﭘ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ
ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ،ﺪ ﻨ ﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺖﻴﻧﺮﺘﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺻ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﮐﺫ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﺖﻳﺮﺜﮐﺍ .
ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ
: ﺪﻴﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴﻣ ﻩﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯽﭘﺎﮐ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻞﻳﺫ ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻡﻭﺰﻟ newsletter@areu.org.af

٢ ۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
ﹰﺎﻨﻴﻋ ﻪﻠﺻﺍﻭ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ .
ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﺡﺮﺷ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ
ﹰﻻﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﺭﻮﺼﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ
ﻪﻃﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺍﺮ ﳘ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﯼ ﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸ ﻴﭘ ﻭ ﯽﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﯼﺎ ﻫ ﻩﮊﻭﺮﭘ
ﺮﺸﻧ ،ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﱪﺧ ﻦﻳ
.
ﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻉﻼﻃﺍ ﺖﻬﺟ
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﲑﻐﺗ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﱪﺧ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻪﮑﻴﻤﺴﻗ
ﺮﺸﻧ ﯽﻟﺍ ﺎﻫ ﻩﮊ ﻭﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯽﮕﻧﻮﮕﭼ
( ۲۰۰۳ ) NRVA
ﺪﻨﻣﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﻣﺩﺮﻣ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ
(NRVA)
.
ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮔ ﺺﻴﺨﺸ ﺗ ﺰﻴﻧ
ﻭ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﺖﻤﻴﻗ ﻭ ﺖﻗﻭ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺶﻣ ﻂﺧ ﲔﻨﭼ
ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﹰﺎﻨﻤﻄﻣ ﻭ
ﺖﻗﻭ
ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﻊﻳﺮﺳ ﯽﺒﺴﻧ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﻥﺁ
ﺪﻨﻳﺎﳕ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺪﻨﻫﺍﻮﲞ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ
ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ
ﻪﮐ ﯼﺎﻧﻬﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ
.
ﺩﺭﺍﺬﮕﻴﻣ ﻥﺎﺷ ﺭﺎﻴﺘﺧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﯼ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ
ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﺕﺎﻫﺩ ﺢﻄﺳ
ﯼﺎﺿﺎﻘﺗ ﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ
ﺭﺩ
ﺕﻻﻮﺼﳏ
ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﲔﻨﭼ ﯼﺭﺍﺬﮔﺮﺑ
ﯼﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﲨ ﺯﺍ
ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺗ
ﺪﻌﺑ ﻞﺟﺎﻋ ﻭ ﯽﺘﻨﺳ
ﺪﻳﺍﻮﻋ ﻝﺩﻮﻣ
ﲑﻐﺗ ﺍﺭ ﺶﻣ ﻂﺧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﯽﺋﺍﺬﻏ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻥﻮﻨﮐﺍ .
( ﺕﺎﺑﻮﺒﺣ
ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﺕﻻﻮﺼﳏ
.) ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ
ﯼﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﲨ
ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﯽﺋﺍﺬﻏ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ
ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭ ﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ
ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ .
ﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﳔ ﻪﻧﻻﺎﺳ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻩﺍﺭ
ﯽﺋﺍﺬﻏ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﱳﺷﺍ ﺩ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﹰﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﺕﻻ ﻮﺼﳏ ﯼﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﲨ
ﺮﺜﮐﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺍﺮﭼ ، ﺩﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﯽﻘﻠﺗ ﻪﺒﻧﺎﺠﮑﻳ ﻭ ﻪﻓﺮﻄﮑﻳ ﯽﻓﺎﮐ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ
ﺮﺘﻟﻮﻤﺘﻣ ﻝﺎﺳ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﻣ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻩﺭﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﻡﺩﺮﻣ
ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﻧﻻﺎﺳ ﯽ ﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻦﻳﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ . ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ
ﻪﮐ
ﺮﺘﺑﻬ
ﺖﺴ ﻨﻳﺍ ﻥﺁ
ﹰﻻﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ
ﺩﺎﻔﻣ ﺩ، ﲑﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺎﺑﻬ / ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻣﺯ ﻞﺼﻓ ﻢﺘﺧ
ﯼﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻭ ﺮﻘﻓ ، ﺕ ﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ
.
ﺖﺳﺍ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺭﺎﮐ ﯼ ﺎﺿﺎﻘﺗ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻦﻳ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ، ﺩﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﺭﺎﮑﺷﺁ
: ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
Andrew Pinny
Andrew.pinny@mrrd.org
070 222 121 Or visit www.af/nrva
ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ﯼﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺐ ﻴﺳﺁ ﻭ ﺮﻘﻓ
ﺪﻳﺪﲡ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ
: ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﳔ ﺭﺍﺮﮑﺗ ﻞﻳﺫ ﻞﻳﻻﺩ ﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ
(NRVA)
ﺕﺎﻫﺩ
ﺖﺳﺎﻳﺭ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﲔﻨﭼ ﯼﺭﺍﺬﮔﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ
؛ﺖﺳﺍ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺎﻧ ﻭ ﻞﮑﺸﻣ ﯼﺭﻮﻬ ﲨ
•
ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﻒﻠﺘﳐ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ ﺭﺩ
ﻪﺑ ﻭﺭ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ
ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻝﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻨﻣﺍ ﺎﻧ
ﯽﻟﺎﺴﮑﺸﺧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮑﻴﺗﺎﺣﺎﺳ ﹰﺎﺻﻮﺼﳐ
؛ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ
•
ﯼﺭﺎﴰﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻞ
ﺍﺭ ﯼﺭﺎﮐ ﻞﭙﲰ
ﻣﺎﮐ ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﺖﻳﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ
/ ﯽﺋ ﻪﻧﻮﳕ ﻡﺍﺪﮐ ﻥﺍﻮﺘﻴﳕ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺯﺍ ﭖﻭﺮﮔ ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻞﭙﲰ ﺎﺠﻨﻳﺭﺩ ) ؛ﺩﻮﳕ ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ
ﺏﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﮏﻳ ﺱﻮﻔﻧ ﻉﻮﻤﳎ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻪﮐ
(.
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺮﺑ ﺭﺎﮑﺑ ،ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ
•
؛ﺕﺎﻫﺩ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﻓ / ﻪﺟﺩﻮﺑ ﺩﻮﺒﻤﮐ
•
ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻭ
ﺎﻫ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ
WFP
(NRVA)
ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﯽﻳﺍﺬﻏ ﻡﺍﺮﮔﻭﺮﭘ
ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯼﺭﺍﺬﮔﺮﺑ
ﺕﺎﻫﺩ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻴﻧ ﻡﺎﳒﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ
.
ﺪﻨﻧﺍﺪﻴﻣ ﺮﺘﻣﺪﻘﻣ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗ ﺮﺧﺍﻭﺍ ﯽﻟﺍ ﺖﻓﲑﻣ ﻊ ﻗﻮﺗ ، ﻦﻳﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ
ﻭ ﯼﻮﺟ ﺕﻻﻮﲢ ،ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻧﺭﺎﺑ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ ﻭ ﺕﺎﺗﺎﺒﻧ ﯼﻮﳕ ﻭ ﺪﺷﺭ
ﻡﺎﲤ ﺯﺍ ﯽﻓﺎﮐ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﻢﻴﻗ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ،ﯽﺘﻋﺍﺭﺯ
ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻭ ،ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﯼﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﲨ ﺎﻫ ﯽﻟﺍﻮﺴﻟﻭ
•

٣ ۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
: ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
Acsf-kabul@swisspeace.ch
Or Susanne Schmeidle at: schmeidl@swisspeace.unibe.ch
!
ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺐﻳﺎﺳ ﺐﻳﻭ
: ﯼﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﻪﻳﺎﺼﺣﺍ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺖﻳﺎﺳ ﺐﻳﻭ www.aims.org.af/cso/
ﮏﻳ (Swisspeace) ﺲﻴﭘ ﺲﻳﻮﺳ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﺮﺧﺍﻭﺍ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ
،ﺎﻴﺘﮑﭘ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﮐ ﺎﻴﺘﮑﭘ ﯼﻮﻟ ) ﺍﺭ ﮒﺭﺰﺑ ﺎﻴﺘﮑﭘ ﺯﺍ " ﯼﺍ ﻪﻠﻴﺒﻗ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ "
ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﺭﺎﮐ ﺭﺎﮑﻨﻳﺍ ﻦﻤﺿ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ( ﺩﺩﺮﮕ ﻴﻣ ﺖﺳﻮﺧ ﻭ ﺎﮑﻴﺘﮑﭘ
ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻦﻳ ﺭﺩ ﯼﻭ ﻪﻠﻴﺒﻗ ﺕﺎﻋﺯﺎﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ
ﻪﭽﳜﺭﺎﺗ ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﺭﺎﮐ ﻪﺒﻧﺎﺟ ﻪﳘ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯼﺩﻭﺯ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ
ﯼﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ
. ﺖﺳﺍ
ﺎﻫ ﯼﺪﻨﻣﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﯽﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ
ﻦﻳﺍ ( ﻞ ﳏ ﯼﺍﺭﻮﺷ ﯼﺎﺿﺎﻘﺗ ﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ
ﻭ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﮐﺭﺪﻧﺍ ﺖﺳﺩ
) .
ﺩﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﺰﻴﻧ
ﻩﲑﻏ ﻭ ﻪﻴﺑﺮﺗ ﻭ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗ ،ﺖﺤﺻ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺶﲞ
.
ﺭﺩ ﺎﻬﻳﺪﻨﻣﺯﺎﻴ
ﺪﺷ ﺪﻨﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ
ﻧ
ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﺷ ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺩﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺏﻮﻴﻌﻣ
.
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﺘ ﻔﻴﻌﺿ ﲑﻧ ﻥﺎﺷ ﺏﺎﺼﻋﺍ
Mental health, social functioning, and disability in postwar Afghanistan /
Barbara Lopes Cardozo, Oleg O. Bilukha,
Carol A. Gotway Crawford, Irshad
Shaikh, Mitchell I. Wolfe, Michael L.
Gerbe, and Mark Anderson Journal of the
American Medical Association (JAMA)
2004;292: p.575
ﺮﺘﮔﺭﺰﺑ ﺮﻔﻧ ۱۰۱۱ ﻭ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻡﺎﳒﺍ ﺶﲞ ﻦﻳ ﺪﻨ ﭼ ﺭﺩ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ
، PTSD ﱘﻼﻋ .
ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺼﻣ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ، ﻝﺎﺳ ۱۵ ﺯﺍ
، ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﯽﻧﺍﻭﺭ ﻭ ﯽﺣﻭﺭ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺕﺎﺛﺩﺎﺣ
ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺎﺴﺣﺍ ﻪﻳﻮﻘﺗ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻭ ﺏﺍﺮﻄﺿﺍ
ﻩﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﺯﺍ ﺪﺼﻴﻓ ۴۳,۷ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫﺪﻴﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ . ﺪﻧﺍ
ﯽﻧﺍﻭﺭ ﻭ ﯽﺣﻭﺭ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺕﺎﺛﺩﺎﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﮔ
( ﺪﺼﻴﻓ ۳۸,۵ ) ﯽﮔ ﻩﺩﺮﺴﻓﺍ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﺎﺘﻓﺮﮔ، ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ
. ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ( ﺪﺼﻴﻓ ۲۰,۴ ) PTSD ﻭ ( ﺪﺼﻴﻓ ۵۱,۸ ) ﺏﺍﺮﻄﺿﺍ
ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻀﻳﺮﻣ ﱘﻼﻋ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﯼﺭﻭﺁ ﺩﺎﻳ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ
،ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﯽﻧﺍﻭﺭ ﻭ ﯽﺣﻭﺭ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺕﺎﺛﺩﺎﺣ
.
ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ
Mental health symptoms following war and repression in eastern Afghanistan /
Willem F. Scholte, Miranda Olff, Peter
Ventevogel, Giel-Jan de Vries, Eveline
Jansveld, Barbara Lopes Cardozo, and
Carol A. Gotway Crawfor. Journal of the
American Medical Association (JAMA)
2004; p.292:585-593)
: ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ http://jama.amaassn.org/cgi/content/extract/292/5/626
ﺕﻼﮑﺸﻣ
ﯽ ﮑﻳ .
ﻩﺭﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺘﮑﻳ
ﺪﻧﺍ ﻡﺎﳒﺍ ﻝﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺮﺳﺍﺮﺳ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻧﺍﻭﺭ ﺖﺤﺻ
، ۲۹۲ ﺪﻠﺟ ) ﺎﮑﻳﺮﻣﺍ ﯽﺒﻃ ﻦﻤﳒﺍ ﻝﺎﻧﺭﻭﮊ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ﺯﺍ
ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﺚﲝ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ( ۲۰۰۴ ﺖﺴﮔﺁ ﻡﺭﺎﻬﭼ ، ۵ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ
ﯼﺭﺎﺳ ﺽﺍﺮﻣﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﯽﺗﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ "
ﻦﻳﺍ ".
ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺮﺛﺄﺘﻣ ﮓﻨﺟ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎ ﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻧﺍﻭﺭ
ﻭ ﻭﺯﻭﺩﺭﺎﮐ ﺲﻴﭘﻮﻟ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﲔﻟﻭﺍ
. ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻠﻣ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺶﻧﺍﺭﺎﮑﳘ
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻡﺎﳒﺍ ﺶﻧﺍﺭﺎﮑﳘ ﻭ ﺖﻟﻮﮑﺳ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ
ﲔﺸﻧ ﻥﻮﺘﺸﭘ ﯽﻗﺮﺷ ﺖﻳﻻﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﯽﻧﺍﻭﺭ
ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ
ﺖﺤﺻ ﻢﺋﻼﻋ
ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﺫﻮﻔﻧ ﻭ ﺶﺒﻨﺟ ﺮﻘﻣ
ﺎﺑ ﻪﻄﺑﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺩﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﯼ
) ،ﺖﺳﺍ
ﺮﮕﻳﺩ
ﻩﺩﺮﮐ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺭﺎﻫﺮﮕﻨﻧ
ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﹰﺎﺗﻭﻼﻋ .
( ﻥﺎﺒﻟﺎﻃ
ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﯽﻧﺍﻭﺭ ﺖﺤﺻ ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﮓﻨﺟ ﺏﺮ ﳐ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ
؛ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﻞﻘﻧ ) " .
ﺩﲑﮕﻴﻣ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﺒﻟﺎﻃ ﻥ ﺍﺭﻭﺩ
Journal of the American Medical
Association (2004: 268-292)
ﻝﺎﺳ ﮒﺭﺰﺑ ﯼﺎﻀﻋﺍ ۷۹۹ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﲔﺘﺴﳔ
ﺏﻮﻴﻌﻣ
: ﺯﺍ
ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺍﺮﻧﺁ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ
ﺮﻔﻧ
ﻖﻴﻘﲢ
۱۰۰
ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻪﻠﲨ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ
ﯼﺪﻴﻠﮐ
ﻩ
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﺪﺷ ﺎﻫ
.
ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ
ﺩﺍﺪﻴﻣ ﻞﻴﮑﺸﺗ
ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺕﺎﺛﺩﺎﺣ ،ﯽﮔ ﻩﺩﺮﺴﻓﺍ ﱘﻼﻋ ،ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺩﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ
ﻭ ﯽﺣﻭﺭ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺭﺎﺸﻓ ﱘﻼﻋ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ
ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ . ﺪﻧ ﺂ ﻴﻣ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯽ
ﯽﻧﺍﻭﺭ ﻭ ﯽﺣﻭﺭ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ
ﻤﻈﻧ ﯽﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻧﺍﻭﺭ
ﻭ ﺏﺍﺮﻄﺿﺍ ،ﯽﮔ ﻩﺩﺮﺴﻓﺍ ﱘﻼﻋ ﻉﻮﻴﺷ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﯽﭼ ﺎﺗ ﻪﮐ
ﲔﺑ ﺭﺩ ﯽﮔ ﻩﺩﺮﺴﻓﺍ ﻭ ﺏﺍﺮﻄﺿﺍ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﻨﻠﺑ
ﻪﮑﻴﻧﺎﺴﮐ .
ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ
PTSD
ﺏﻮﻴﻌﻣ ﲑﻏ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺗﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺏﻮﻴﻌﻣ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ

٤
۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
ﺭﺎﻫﺮﮕﻨﻧ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻤﻐﻟ ،ﺮﻨﮐ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭ ﺭﺩ ﯼﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ _ ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ
ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﭘﻭﺭﺍ ﻥﻮﻴﺴﻴﻤﮐ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
.
GTZ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ .
ﺪ ـ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺩﺍﺩﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻩﮊﻭﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ
ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ
: ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
PAL GTZ IS Management Unit
Leo.brandenberg@gtz.de
070 607 829 (Team Leader)
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻕﺮﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ (PAL) ﺏﻭﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﺖﺸﻴﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻣﺍ ﻩﮊﻭﺮﭘ
ﺎﺑ ،ﺩﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ GTZ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﯽﻠﻠﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
ﺖﺸﻴﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻣﺍ ﻭ ﻊﻣﺍﻮﺟ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﻥﺁ ﺰﮐﺮﲤ ﻪﮑﻨﻳﺍ
ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
ﻡﺍﺮﮔﻭﺮﭘ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
ﲑﮔﺍﺮﻓ ﻡﺍﺮﮔﻭﺮﭘ ﮏﻳ
ﻩﮊﻭﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺪ ﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ،
،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺏﻭﺎﻨﺘﻣ
ﺕﺎﺟ ﻪﻳﺮﻗ ﻩﺩﺮﺘﺴﮔ
ﺭﺩ .
ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻞﳏ ﻩﺭﺍﺩﺍ ﯼﺭﺎﮐ ﯼ ﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻓﺮﻇ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ
ﲑﻐﺗ ﺩﺎﳚﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻞﻴﻬﺴﺗ ﻭ ﺮﻘﻓ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻩﮊﻭﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺖﻳﺎﻧﻬ
ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﮏﻳ ﻪﺑ ﮎﺎﻳﺮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘﺴﺑﺍﻭ ﯼﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﺯﺍ
: ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
Simon Russell
Slyruss@hotmail.com
ﻦﻳ ﺭﺩ ﺎﺗ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺪﺼﻗ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﯼﻭﺭﺎﻧ ﻦﻳﺮﺟﺎﻬﻣ ﻦﻤﳒﺍ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﯽﮑﻳ ﺍﺭ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻭﺩ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ
ﺎﻫ ﯽﮑﻳﺩﺰﻧ
ﯼﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻭ
.
ﺪﻳﺎﳕ ﺮﺸﻧ ﻭ ﻪﻴﺗﻬ
2004 / 1383
ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﻪﺳﻭﺮﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﻈﻧ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺍﺭ ﯽﺑﻮﺧ ﻒﻗﻮﻣ
ﺭﺩ ﯽﻟﺎﺴﮑﺸﺧ ﯼﺭﺎﺟ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻭ
ﺖﻟﻭﺩ
ﻩﺩﻮﳕ
.
ﺪﻳﺎﳕ ﻪﻴﺗﻬ ﻥﺎ ﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﺣﺎﺳ ﯼﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ
ﻞﻳﺫ ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﺯ ﺍ ﺍﺭ ﯽﺋﺍﺬﻏ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﺩﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﺩﺭﻭﺁﺮﺑ ﯽﺗﺎﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ
: ﺪﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ http://www.mrrd.gov.af/vau /
ﻪﺑ ﺪ ﻴ ﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻭ
(Analysis of drought impact in
Afghanistan: summer 1383 (2004) /
MRRD Vulnerability Analysis Unit in collaboration with WFP VAM,
FEWSNET, FAO, Mol and UNHCR.
Kabul: MRRD Vulnerability Analysis
Unit, 2004. 20 p.: col. Maps; 30 cm,
ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﯽﻧﺎﺴﻧﺍ ﺕﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣ ﻭ ﯼﺯﺎﺳﺯﺎﺑ ﻪﺻﻼﺧ ﻥﻼﭘ ﺎ ـ ﻳ
ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻟﺎﺴﮑﺸﺧ ﻪﮐ ﺖ ﻳﻻﻭ ۱۲ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺕﺎﻫﺩ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ
.
ﺪﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﻪﻌﺟﺍﺮﻣ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺐﻟﺎﻏ
Ministry of Rural Rehabilitation and
Department. [Kabul: Ministry of Rural
Rehabilitation and Development, 2004]. 3 p. ; 30 cm.
ﺕﺎﺣﺎﺳ ﺯﺍ ﯼﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﯽﮐﺎﺣ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﻡﺎﲤ
ﻝﺎﺳ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﺑ ﮎﺪﻧﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ
ﻭ ﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻞﻠﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ،
ﯽﻟﺎﺴﮑﺸﺧ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ
ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺕﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ
ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻞﻴﻠﲢ ﺎﺗ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺳﺍﻮﺧ ﯽﺘﻟﻭﺩ ﲑﻏ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ
.
ﺪﻨﻳﺎﳕ ﻪ ـ ﻴﺗﻬ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯﺭﺩ ﻪﺸﻗﺎﻨﻣ ﻭ ﻩﺮﺟﺎﺸﻣ ﺖﻬﺟ
ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﺕﺎﮐﻮﭼ ﺭﺩ ﯼﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻞﻴﻠﲢ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ
، FAO / ﯼﺭﺎﻴﺑﺁ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﺎﺑ ﮏﻳﺩﺰﻧ ﯼﺭﺎﮑﳘ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺎﻫﺩ
ﻭ ﯼﻮﺟ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ FAO / ﺖﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ
FEWS ، WFP VAM ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﯽﺋﺍﺬﻏ ﻡﺍﺮﮔﻭﺮﭘ ،ﯽﺘﻋﺍﺭﺯ
ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ ﻭ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ
ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺪﻧ
ﺮﮕﻳﺪﮑﻳ ﯼﺭﺎﮑﳘ ﻪﺑ UNHCR ﻭ
ﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﻞﻴﻠﲢ ﻢﻫﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﯽﻟﺎﺴﮑﺸﺧ
NET
ﯽﺗﺎﻣﺪﻘﻣ
. ﺖﺳﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ
HTML
ﻞﮑﺸﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﺮﺗﻮﻴﭙﻤﮐ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺻ ﺭﺩ
ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﯽﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺯﺍ ﯼﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ
ﻦﻳﺍ . ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ
ﻪﻴﺗﻬ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺁ
ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺎﺑﻬ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮑﻠﺑ ﻩﺪﺸﻧ ﺪﻳﺪﲡ ﻝﺎﺴ ﻣﺍ
NRVA
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ
ﻭ ﯼﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ
ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ
ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ
ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﲔﻋ ﺭﺩ
ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐﺍﺮﭼ ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ
. ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺮﺘﺑﻬ ﺭﻮﻃ ﺮﻘﻓ
ﺩﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﻭ ﻥﺎﮑﻣ ﲑﻐﺗ ،ﺎﻫ ﺭﺍﺯﺎﺑ ﺖﻤﻴﻗ ﻭ ﺥﺮﻧ ﺮﺑ ﺕﺭﺎﻈﻧ ﯼﺎﻫ
ﺎﺗ ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺖﻳﻮﻘﺗ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺎﻫ ﯽﻟﺍﻮﺴﻟﻭ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺏﺁ

٥
ﺏﺁ ﻡﺩﺮﻣ ﻦﻳﺮ ﺗ ﺪﻨﻣﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﻼﭘ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﭼ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺰﻳﺭﺎﮐ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ
(NGO) ﯽﺘﻟﻭﺩ
ﯽﺑﺁ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ، ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﻪﻴﺗﻬ ﯽﻧﺪﻴﻣﺎﺷﺁ
ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﯽﺋﺍ ﺬﻏ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ،ﻩﺩﺮﮐ ﯼﺯﺎﺳﺯﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻖﻤﻋ ﻢﮐ
؛ ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﻪﻴﺗﻬ ﺐﺗﺎﮑﻣ ﻭ ﯽﺤﺻ ﺰﮐﺍﺮﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﮏﻤﮐ ﻭ ﺭﺎﮐ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﯽﮐﺍﺭﻮﺧ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ
ﻭ ﺕﺎﻫﺩ ﺭﺩ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﻡﺍﺮﮔﻭﺮﭘ
ﮏﻤﮐ ﻪﺑ ﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﺍﺪﻳﺪﺷ ﻪﮐ ﯼﺎﻫ ﯽﻟﺍﻮﺴﻟﻭ ﻥﺁ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﯽﺋﺍﺬﻏ ﲑﻏ
.
ﺪﻨﻳﺎﳕ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻭ ﺡﺮﻃ ﺖﻳﻻﻭ ۱۶ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ
See also The decline towards crisis:
Afghanistan’s deteriorating drought situation. [Kabul]: Government of the
Transitional Islamic State of Afghanistan and the United Nations, 2004. 24 p. 30 cm.)
ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻞﻳﺫ ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻴﻧﺮﺘﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺻ ﺭﺩ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ
: ﺖﺳﺍ http://www.reliefweb.int/wrwb.nsf/0/3C8
CCFA774930FA5C1256F07002C487A?O
penDocument
۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
ﺖﻬﺟ ﺕﺎﻫﺩ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺄﻴﺣﺍ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﯼﻮﻳﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻥﻼﭘ ﻦﻳﺍ
،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﻣﺎ ﺧﻭ ﻪﺑ ﻭﺭ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻟﺎﺴﮑﺸﺧ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﻪﺑ ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺭ
.
ﺪ ـ ﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ
ﺖﻬﺟ
ﯼﺩﺍﺪﻣﺍ
ﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻞﻠﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺖﻟ ﻭﺩ ،ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﺮﺑ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﮏﻤﮐ ﻥﺎﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﯽﻟﺎﺴﮑﺸﺧ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺋﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ
ﻢﻫ ﺎﺑ ﺎﺠﮑﻳ ﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻞﻠﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻭ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ .
ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ
ﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯼﺎﻫ ﯼﺪﻨﻣﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻞﺟﺎﻋ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻨﺷﻮﮑﻴﻣ
ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺭ ،ﺪﻧﻮﺸﻴﻣ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻥﺁ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺩﺮﻣ ﯽﭘﺎﻴﭘ ﯼﺎﻫ ﯽﻟﺎﺴﮑﺸﺧ
ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ، ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﲣﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﺖﺳﺍﻮﺧﺭﺩ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ .
ﺪﻨ ﻳﺎﳕ ﯽﮔ
ﲑﻏ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻭ ﯽﻠﻠﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ،ﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻞﻠﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ
۵ ﻪﮐ ﻡﺍﺮﮔﻭﺮﭘ ﮏﻳ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺡﺮﻃ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﯽﺘﻟﻭﺩ
.
ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﻦﻳﺍﺰﻳﺩ ،ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻪﻧﺎﮔﺍﺪﺟ ﺶﲞ
ﻩﺎﻨﭘﺮﺳ ،ﺖﻋﺍﺭﺯ ، ﯽﮐﺍﺭﻮﺧ ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ، ﺏﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﺎﻫ ﺶﲞ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻭ ﯽﺋ ﺍﺬﻏ ﲑﻏ ﻡﻼﻗﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
.
ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﯼﺯﺎﺳ ﺎﻨﺑﺮﻳﺯ ﻭ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻆﻔﺣ ،ﻡﺍﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍ ،ﯼﺭﺍﺮﻄﺿﺍ )
ﲑﻏ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻞﻠﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ، ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﲣﺭﺍﺯﻭ
ﺡﻼﺳ ﻊﻠﺧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ
ﺍﺭﻮﺘﮐ
.
ﻭ
ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ۲۰۰۵ ﭺ ﺭﺎﻣ ﻩﺎﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺎﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﯼﻮﺣﺎﺳ ﺭﺎﮐ
ﺩﺩﺮﮔ
ﺩ ﯽﻠﻴﺼﲢ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ﺐﺴﮐ
ﯽﮑﻠﻣ ﻭ ﺡﻼﺳ ﻊﻠﺧ
ﺶﻳﻮﺧ ﺍﺭﻮﺘﮐ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﯽﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﺪﲪﺍ ﻪﺸﻳﺎﻋ ﱎﺎﺧ
ﻭﺩ ﯽﻠﻴﺼﲢ ﻪﺟﺭﺩ ﺐﺴﮐ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
ﻭ ﺢﻠﺻ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﯼﻭ
(DDR) ﯼﺯﺎﺳ
.
ﺩﻮﳕ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﺞﻳﱪﻣﺎﮐ ﻥﻮﺘﻨﻫﻮﭘ ﺯﺍ
: ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ aishasahmad@hotmail.com
. ﺪﻫﺪﻴﻣ ﻡﺎﳒﺍ
ﻪﺳﻭﺮﭘ
ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﮓﻨﺟ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺶﻣﺍﺭﺁ
ﯽﻠﻴﻠﲢ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﯼﻻ ﺎ ﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ
ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﻦﻳ ﺭﺩ
ﻝﺯﻮﭘﻭﺮﭘ
ﻥﺩﻮﳕ
ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ
ﯽﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﲑﻏ
ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ .
ﺩﲑﮕﻴﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﯽﻠﻤﻋ
ﻞ ﺼﻓ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺟ
ﻝﺎﻐﺘﺷﺍ
ﺭﺩ ﺕﺮﺟﺎﻬﻣ ﻪﺑ
ﻥﺁ ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻓﻭﺮﺼﻣ ﺖﻴﻋﻮﻧ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﮐﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺮﺟﺎﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ
ﻡﺩﺮﻣ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ
ﻡﺍﺪﻗﺍ ﯽﮕﻧﻮﮕﻴﭼ
ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﻭ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
، ﻝﺎﺳ ﻪﻔﻠﺘﳐ ﯼﺎﻫ
ﺪﻧﺯﺭﻮﻴﻣ
ﯼﺭﺎﺟ ﻝﺎﺳ ﱪﻤﺘﭙﺳ ﻩﺎﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺪ.
ـ ﺷﺎﺒﻴ ﻣ ، ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ﻭ
ﺮﻬﺷ
ﺭﺍﺮﻗ
ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ،ﻞﺑﺎﮐ ﺮﺑ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺖﲢ
.
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻉﻭﺮﺷ
ﺰﻴﻧ ﺩﺎﺑﺁ ﻝﻼﺟ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺮﻫ ﯼﺎﻫ
ﻝﺎﺳ ﻞﻳﺮﭘﺍ ﻢﺘﺧ ﯽﻟﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳ
ﹰﺎﻔﻄﻟ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ .
ﺍ ﯽﺋﺎﻧﻬ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﲑﮕﺑ
ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺮﺸﻧ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺎﻣﺁ ۲۰۰۵ aftab@areu.org.af
ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﻪﺑ Aftab Opel ﺎﺑ
.
ﺪﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﻪﺒﺗﺎﮑﻣ
ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﮏﻳ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ
ﻉﻭﺮﺷ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
ﺖﺸﻴﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻣ ﺍ ﯽﺑﺎ ﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻩﮊﻭﺮﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﮑﻴﺗﺎﻋﻼ ﻃﺍ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﳕ
ﯽﺘ ﻋ ﺍﺭﺯ ﲑﻏ ﯼﺮﮔﺭﺎﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫﺪﻴﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﯼﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﲨ
ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ،ﺪ ﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﯽﺗﺎﻫﺩ ﯽﻟﺎﻫﺍ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﯼﮋﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﮏﻳ
ﲑﻏ ﻭ ﯽﺘﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﯽﭼ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺭﺎﮐ ﻪﺑ ﻡﺩﺮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﯼﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﻝﺎﺳ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻤﮐ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺯﻮﻨﻫ ،ﻢﻧﻬﺁ ﺎﺑ .
ﺪﻧﺍ ﻑﻭﺮﺼﻣ ﯽﺘﻋﺍﺭﺯ
ﻡ ﺩﺮﻣ ﻢﺴﻗ ﻡﺍﺪﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻣﺯ ﯽﭼ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ؟ﻪﻧﻮﮕﻴﭼ ؟ﺍﺮﭼ ﻪﮑﻨﻳﺍ
ﯼﺭﺎﮐ ﯽﭼ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻭ ﯽﺗﺪﻣ ﯽﭼ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ( ؟ﻥﺎﻧﺍﻮﺟ ﹰﻻﻮﻤﻌﻣ )
ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ .
ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﺕﺮﺟﺎﻬﻣ

٦
ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﯼﺭﻭﺁ ﻊ ﲨ ﻩﺎﻣ ۱۶ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﺭﺩ ﲔﺸﻧ ﺮﻬﺷ ﯽﻟﺎﻫﺍ
ﺭﺍﺮﻣﺍ ﲔﻣﺎﺗ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﯼﺎﻀﻋﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﻨﻴﺒﻴﻣ
ﺯﺍ
ﻪﺑ
ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻉﻮﻨﻴﭼ ﻑﻭﺮﺼﻣ ﻩﺩﺍﻮﻧ ﺎﺧ ﺖﺸﻴﻌﻣ
.
ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﯽﻣﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﯽﭼ ﺪﻨﲤﺩﺎﻌﺳ ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻧﺯ ﻭ ﺮﻘﻓ ﺎﻧﻬﺁ ﺮﻈﻧ
ﺩﺍﺪﻣﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺖﺴﻨﻳﺍ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﲔﳘ
ﻭ ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺐﺳﺎ ﻨﻣ ﺕﻼﺧﺍﺪﻣ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻳﺎﳕ ﮏﻤﮐ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺮﮔ
ﺮﻬﺷ ﺖﺸﻴﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻣﺍ ﺩﻮﺒﺑﻬ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺍﺭ ﯽﻠﻤﻋ ﻭ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ،ﯽﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ
ﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ .
ﺪﻧﲑﮔ ﺖﺳﺪﻳﻭﺭ ﲑﻘﻓ ﻥﺎﻨﻴﺸﻧ
.
ﺪﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺱﺎﲤ ﺕﻮﮑﺳ ﻥﺎﻔﻴﺘﺳﺍ
Stefan@areu.org.af
۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
ﺭﺍﺮﻣﺍ ﯽﮕﻧﻮﮕﻴﭼ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﯽﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﲔﻨﭽﳘ
ﻪﻫﺩ ﺪﻨﭼ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﺭﺩ .
ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﻉﻭﺮﺷ ﺎﻫ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺸﻴﻌﻣ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﯼﮋﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ،ﺎﻫ ﯽﺋﺎﲜﺎﺟ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﯽﻟﺎﺴﮑﺸﺧ ،ﮓﻨﺟ
ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻧﺯ ﺕﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﺭﺬﮔ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﯽﻔﻠﺘﳐ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﯽﺗﺎﻋ ﻼﻃﺍ ﺮﺘﻤﮐ ،ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻝﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻧﻬﺁ ﺎﺑ .
ﺪﻧﺍ
ﺭﺩ
ﺭﺩ
، ﺩﻮﺸﻴﻣ ﺎﻧﻬﺁ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﻞﻠﻋ
ﺩﲑﮕﻴﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻩﺎﻣ ۱۸ ﻪﮐ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﯼﮋﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ
. ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﺳﺩ
ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﻩﺎﮕﻴﻟﺎﺧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺩﻮﳕ ﺮﭘ ﺮﻃﺎﲞ ﱪﻤﺘﭙﺳ ﻂﺳﺍﻭﺍ
ﻒﻠﺘﳐ ﯼﺎﻫ ﯼﮋﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﺘﺑﻬ ﺭﻮﻄ ﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﺑ ﯽﻌﺳ .
ﺖﺳﺍ
،ﻞﺑﺎﮐ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ ﻥﺎﻨﻴﺸﻧﺮﻬﺷ ﺖﺸﻴﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻣﺍ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﲑﻐﺗ ﯽﮕﻧﻮﮕﻴﭼ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﯽﺋﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺩﺎﺑﺁ ﻝﻼﺟ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺮ ﻫ
ﻥﺍﺮﮔ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ .
ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺖﺷﺬﮔ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﯼﮋﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ
ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻧﺯ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻌﻗﺍﻭ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭ ﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ
.
ﺪﻧﻮﺸﻴﻣ ﯽﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻃﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﯼ ﺎﻫ ﺶﻳﺎﻤُﻫ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﮑﺒﺷ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺕﺎﻗﻼﻣ ، ﺕﺎ ـ ﺴﻠﺟ ،ﺎﻫ ﺲﻧﺍﺮﻔﻨﮐ
ﺭﺩ ﭖﺎﺸﮐﺭﻭ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﺳﺍﻮﺧﺭﺩ ﮎﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ
؛ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﯽﻤﺘﺣ ۲۰۰۵ ﻞﻳﺮﭘﺍ ﻭ ۲۰۰۴ ﱪﻤﻴﺳﺩ
•
ﯼﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ
ﯽﻧﺎﲨﺮﺗ
ﺯﺍ ﲑﻐﺑ
ﺕﻼﻴﻬﺴﺗ
ﻪﮑﻴ ﻧﺎﮔ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﮎﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
،ﺪﻨﻳﺎﳕ ﺖﺒﺤﺻ ﯼ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﯽﺴﻴﻠﮕﻧﺍ
؛ﺩﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻣﺁ
•
؛ﺩﻮﺸﻴﻣ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﻳﺬﭘ ۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۳۰ ﯽﻟﺍ ﺎﻫ ﺖﺳﺍﻮﺧﺭﺩ
•
ﻩﺩﺮﮐ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﻦﻳﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﺖﺳﺍﻮﺧﺭﺩ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻡﺭﻮﻓ
: ﺪﻴﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴﻣ
• http://www.ddrd.ca/frame2.iphtml?langue=0&menu=m01&u rlpage=english/commdoc/publications/women/ afghanWomenRightsMenu.html
: ﺎﻫ ﺖﺳﺍﻮﺧﺭﺩ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
Lauren Oates, Project Associate
Women’s Rights in Afghanistan Fund loates@dd-rd.ca
+514 283-6073 ext 251
Fax: +514 283-3792
ﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﯼﺭﺎﮑﳘ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺳﺍﺮﮑﻣﺩ
ﻭ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ
ﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﻭ
ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ
ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺭﻮﻣﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﮐ ﺭﺪﻧﺍ ﺖﺳﺩ ﲔﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ،ﺪﻨﻨﮑﻴﻣ
ﺭﻮﻫﻻ ﺭﺩ ۲۰۰۴ ﱪﻤﻴﺳﺩ ۱۹ ۱۶ ﺭﺩ ﯽﺷﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﭖﺎﺸ ﮐﺭﻭ
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﲔﻣﺄﺗ ﭖﺎﺸﮐ ﺭﻭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ .
ﺩﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﺭﺍﺬﮔﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﮐﺎﭘ
ﻪﻧﺍﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺘﺑ ﺎﺗ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻥﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﯽﻧﺪﻣ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﯽﻓﺎﮐ
ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻃﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻭ ﺢﻠﺻ ﯼﺭﺍﺮﻗﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ
ﮎﺍﺭﺩﺍ ﻡﺎﻧ ﺖﲢ ﻝﻭﺍ ﭖﺎﺸﮐﺭﻭ .
ﺪﻨﻳﺎﳕ ﮎﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ
ﻡﺎﻧ ﺖﲢ
ﺮﻳﺍﺩ
ﻡﻭﺩ ﭖﺎﺸﮐﺭﻭ ﻭ ۲۰۰۴ ﱪﻤﻴﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ
۲۰۰۴ ﻞﻳﺮﭘﺍ ﺭﺩ
. ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﮐﺎﭘ ،ﻥﺍﺮﻳﺍ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﮔ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﺳﺍﻮﺧﺭﺩ
•
ﭖﺎﺸﮐﺭﻭ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﮎﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ﻂﻳﺍ ﺮﺷ ﺪﺟﺍﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﮑﺑﺯﺍ ﻭ
؛ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ
ﺵﺎﺑﻭﺩﻮﺑ ﻭ ﺮﻔﺳ ﻑﺭﺎﺼﻣ ﯽﺳﺍﺮﮑﻣﺩ ﻭ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ
ﻢﻬﻣ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ ﻥﺎ ﮔ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺖﺳﺍﻮﺧﺭﺩ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ
؛ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻴﻣ ﻪﻴﺗﻬ ،ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﮎﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ
•
ﭖﺎﺸﮐﺭﻭ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﮎﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ﺮﻔﻧ ۳۰ ﺮﺜﮐﺍ ﺪﺣ
؛ ﺩﺮﮐ ﺪﻨﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﮎﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ
•

٧ ۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
:
:
(HRRAC) ﺮﺸﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺯ ﺍ ﻪﻌﻓﺍﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻡﻮﻴﺳﺮﺴﻨﮐ
ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴ ﻣ ﯽﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻭ ﯽﻠﻠﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﯽﺘﻟ ﻭﺩ ﲑﻏ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﻞﻤﺘﺸﻣ ﭖﻭﺮﮔ ﮏﻳ ﻪﮐ
ﺖﲢ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻳ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻉﻮﻤﳎ ﻪﮐ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ، ﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﻡﺎﳒﺍ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻌﻓﺍﺪﻣ ﻭ ﺮﺸﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﯽﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺪﻬﻌﺘ ﻣ ۲۰۰۳
ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﻩﺪﻴﻘﻋ ﻦﻳﺮﺑ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺯﺍ ﯼﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺴﻨﻳﺍ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯼﺪﻴﻠﮐ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺯﺍ ﯽﮑﻳ
.
ﺪﺳﲑﻣ ﺮﺸﻧ ﻪﺑ
ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻡﺎﻧ
ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﺭﺍﻭﺪﻴﻣﺍ ﻩﺩﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ .
ﺩﻮﳕ ﺶﻣﺍﺭﺁ ﺱﺎﺴﺣﺍ ﻥﺁ ﻞﻴﻤﮑﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺍﻮﺘﻴﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺴﻳﺮﻣﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ ﺡﻼﺳ ﻊﻠﺧ ﻪﮐ
ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻌﻓﺍﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻡﻮﻴﺳﺮﺴﻨﮐ ،ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺎﺑ .
ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﯽﺘﺒﺜﻣ ﺕﺍﲑﻐﺗ ﯽﻠﻣ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻪﮐ
ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻪﻴﻣﻮﻳ ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻧﺯ ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﮓﻔﻨﺗ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﻳﻻﻭ ۶ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﲑﮔﺍﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺼﻣ ﻭ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ۷۰۰ ﺮﺧﺍﻭﺍ ﻦﻳ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺸﺑ
ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺭﺩ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ
ﻦﻳﺍ
ﯽﮔ ﻩﺯﺎﺗ ﻪﺑ
ﲔﻨﭽﳘ ﻭ
ﻪﮐ ﯽ
.
ﺪﻫﺪﻴﻣ ﻡﺎﳒﺍ
ﺷﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﯽﻃ ﺕﺎ
ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﮓﻔﻨﺗ ﺖﻳﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺪﻨﻨﮑﻴ
ﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ .
ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧ ﺍ
ﻣ ﺮﮑﻓ ﻡﺩﺮﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺍﺭ ﯽﺗﺍﺮﺛﺍ ﻭ
ﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﯼﺭﺎﻈﺘﻧﺍ ﯽﭼ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺑﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﺎﺗ
.
: ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﻝﻮﺼﺣ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ،ﺖﺳﺍ
ﻑﺪﻫ ﻪﮑﻠﺑ ﺩﲑﮕﻴﻣ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ ﻭ ﺪﻳﺎﻘﻋ ﺯﺍ ﯽﻠﮐ ﯽﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺭﻮﻈﻨﲟ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﻪﻧ ﻡﻮﻴﺳﺮﺴﻨﮐ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﯽﺗﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﲔﻨﭼ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ
ﺭﺩ ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺚﲝ ﺮﺜﮐﺍ .
ﺪﻳﺎﳕ ﺫﺎﲣﺍ ﻪﻃﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻢﻴﻣﺎﺼﺗ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﺩﺎﳚﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﯼﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ ﲔﻨﭼ ﺎﺗ ﺖﺴﻨﻳﺍ ﻥﺁ
ﻥﺎﺳﺁ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺎﺳ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺖﻳﺮﺜﮐﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ .
ﺪﻧﺍ ﺰﮐﺮﻤﺘ ﻣ " ﮒﺭﺰﺑ ﺭﻮﺼﺗ " ﯼﻭﺮﺑ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﺯﺍ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺎﻳ ﻭ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﯽﭼ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﮑﻴﻟﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ .
ﺩﻮﺸﻴ ﻣ ﻥﺁ ﻪﺑ ﯼﺎﻨﺘﻋﺍ ﻢﻫ ﻪﻧ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﺵﻮﮔ ﻪﻧ ﻞﻴﺳﻭﺮﺑ ﻭ ﮎﺭﻮﻳ ﻮﻴﻧ ،ﱳﮕﻨﺷﺍﻭ ،ﻞﺑﺎﮐ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻭﺮﻫﺍﺭ ﺭﺩ
ﻭ ﻪﻧﺎﺧ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ،ﲔﻤﻠﻌﻣ ،ﲔﻗﺎﻫﺩ
ﺫﻮﻔﻧ
) ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺯﺍ ﯽﻀﻌﺑ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ ،ﺪﻳﺎﳕ ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺎﳕ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﻋﻮ ﻤﳎ ﺱﻮﻔﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴ ﳕ ﯼﻮﻳﺎﺼﺣﺍ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻴﻣﺎﺼﺗ ﺖﻳﺮﺜﮐﺍ ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺰﻴﭼ ﻥ ﺁ ﺮﻫ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻪﮑﻴﺗ ﺍﺮﻈﻧ _ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻪﺘﺴﺟﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ( ﻥﺍﺭﺍﺪﻧﺎﮐﻭﺩ
، ﻉﻮﻨﺘﻣ ﺕﺍﺮﻈﻧ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻪﮐﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺮﮔ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ .
ﺖﺴﻴﻧ ﯽﻄﻴﺴﺑ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺳﺁ ﯼﺭﺎﮐ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ
.
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ
ﺖﺳﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﻪﻳﺍﺭﺍ
ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻥﺍﺭﻻﺎﺳ ﮓﻨ ﻔﺗ ﻭ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺩﻮﺒﺑﻬ ﯽﺘﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﺱﺎﺴﺣﺍ ،ﻑﺮﻃ ﮏﻳﺯﺍ .
ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺩﺎﻀﺘﻣ ﺕﺎﻗﻭﺍ ﯽﻀﻌﺑ ﻭ ،ﻩﺪﻴﭽﻴﭘ
ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻮﺌﺳ ﻩﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺯﺍ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﺪﻨﻣﻮﻗ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﻤﻨﻴ ﻣ ﺭﺎﻬﻇﺍ ﻝﺎﺣ ﲔﻋ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺩ ﺖﺳﺩ ﺭﺩ ﯼﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﻪﺤﻠﺳﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺪﻨﭼ
ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﯼﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﺫﻮﻔﻧ ﻪﻳﻮﻘﺗ ﻭ ﺡﻼﺳ ﻊﻠﺧ ﺪﻧﻭﺭ ﻊﻳﺮﺴﺗ ﻥﺎﻫﺍﻮﺧ
ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﻡﺪﻋ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻪﺳﻭﺮ ﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﺠﻨﺸﺗ ﺯﻭﺮﺑ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ
ﻞﻣﺎﮐ ﻕﺎﻴﺘﺷﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ
ﯼﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ ﻪﮑﻨﻳﺍ ﺎﺑ
. ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﲑﻘﲢ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻧﻬﺁ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺮﮐ
، ﻢﺴﻗ ﲔﳘ ﻪﺑ .
ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﯼﺭﻻﺎﺳ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﻣﻮﻗ
ﻭ ،ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺪﻨﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎ ﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﮎﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ﯽﺋﺎﻧﺍﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﻘﺘﻌﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺑ ﹰﺍ ﺮﺜﮐﺍ ،ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮑﻴﻣ ﯽﻧﺍﺮﮕﻧ ﻭ ﺱﺮﺗ ﺭﺎﻬﻇﺍ ﻪﻧﻻﺩﺎﻋ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ
.
ﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﺑ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﯽﺘﺒﺜﻣ ﺕﺍﲑﻐﺗ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺭﻭﺎﺑ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﻴﭼ ﺎﺗ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﯽﻌﺳ ﹰﺎﺒﻠﻏﺍ ﺮﺸﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻌﻓﺍﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻡﻮﻴﺳﺮﺴﻨﮐ ،ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﺕﺎﻋ ﻼﻃﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﲢ ﻭ ﯼﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﲨ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ
ﺯﺍ ﺶﻳﻮﺧ ﻊ ﻔﻨﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻨﻳﺎﳕ ﯽﻌﺳ ﻥﺍﺯﺎﺳ ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﻦﮑﳑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺷﺍﺩ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﯽﻧﺍﺮﮕﻧ .
ﺪﻫﺩ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻢﻬﻓ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺾﻗﺎﻨﺘﻣ ﹰﺍﺮﻫﺎﻇ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ
ﺩﻮﺒﺑﻬ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻘﺘﻌﻣ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺪﺼﻴﻓ ۷۶ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ، ﹰﻼ ﺜﻣ .
ﺪﻨ ﻳﺎﳕ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﺒﻧﺎﺟ ﻪﳘ ﺭﻮﺼﺗ ﻥﻭﺪﺑ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ
.
ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﻩﺩﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﺕﺎﻋﺯﺎﻨﻣ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﮓﻨﺟ ﺖﻳﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻡﺪﻋ ﻂﻘﻓ ﺎﻧﻬﺁ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﯽﺘﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﺩﻮﺒﺑﻬ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﯽﺘﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ
ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮑﻴﻣ ﺮﮑﻓ ﺭﺎﻫﺪﻨﻗ ﺭﺩ ﻡﺩﺮﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺪﺼ ﻴﻓ ۳۵ – ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺕﻭﺎﻔﺘﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻒﻠﺘﳐ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺪﺼﻴﻓ ۷۶ ﻢﻗﺭ ،ﻢﻫ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﺣ
.
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺩﻮﺒﺑﻬ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ
ﹰﺎﺒﻠﻏﺍ .
ﺪﺳﺮﺑ ﻡﻮﻤﻋ ﺮﻀﳏ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺁ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﺎﺗ ﺩﻮﳕ ﺎﻴﻬﻣ ﻡﻮﻴﺳﺮﺴ ﻨﮐ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻡﺯﻻ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﲑﮔﺍﺮﻓ ﻭ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺼﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺯﺍ ﻡﺩﺮﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺸﻴﻣ ﻩﺪﻳﺩ ﺎﻫ ﺚﲝ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻣﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺩﻮﺒﺑﻬ ﯽﺘﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻪﮐ ﺪﺸﻴﻣ ﻪﺘﻔﮔ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺼﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺃﺪﺘﺑﺍ ﺭﺩ
ﲔﻨﭼ ﺖﻳﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﻔﮕﺷ ﯼﺎﺟ . ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﮕﻧ
ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨ ﺘﻧﺍ ﻪﺳﻭﺮﭘ ﻥﺩﺮﮐ ﻦﻣﺍ ﺎﻧ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺩﺍﺪﻌﺗ !
ﻝﺎﻔﻃﺍ ﺖﻗﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺸﺣﻭ ﻭ ﺱﺮﺗ ،ﻪﻧﺍﺪﺒﺘﺴﻣ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻞﺘﻗ ،ﯽﺿﺍﺭﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺯﺎﻨﻣ
ﺪﻨﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺭﻭﺎﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻳﺎﻨﺟ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﮔ ﻩﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ، ﯽ ﺗﺎﺷﺭﺍﺰﮔ

٨ ۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺩﺍﺩ ﯼﺍﺭ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺍ ﺭﺍﻭ ﺪﻴﻣﺍ ﻥﺎﮔ ﻩﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺼﻣ ﺪﺼﻴﻓ ۷۵ ﻢﻧﻬﺁ ﺎﺑ ،ﺪﻧﺩﻮﺑ ﻥﺍﺮﮕﻧ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﺪﻨﻣﻮﻗ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺭﻻﺎﺳ ﮓﻨﻔﺗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
. ﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﻨﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺭﺍﺩﺭﻮﺧﺮﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﮐ ﯼﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﺯﺍ
ﻦﺷﻭﺭ ﻭ ﻩﺩﺎ ﺳ ﯼ ﺎﻫ ﻡﺎﻴﭘ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺎﺗ ،ﺪﻫﺩ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺍﺭ ﯽﺋﺰﺟ ﺕﺎﻓﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﲔﻨﭼ ﺎﺗ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﺑ ﺕﺎﻗﻭﺍ ﯽﻀﻌﺑ ﻪﻧﺍﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﻪﻌﻓﺍﺪﻣ ﯽﻌﺳ
ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﲔﺑﺎﻣ ﯽﻓ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻓﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴﻣ ﻪﻌﻓﺍﺪﻣ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘ ﲢ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ .
ﺪﻳﺎﳕ ﺐﻠﺟ ﺍﺭ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺯﺎﺳ ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ
ﺫﻮﻔﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺩﻮﺸﻴﻣ ﺮﮑﻓ ﻭ .
ﺩﻮﳕ ﺮﻳﺍﺩ ﺍﺭ ﯽﺗﺎﻣﺪﻘﻣ
ﺶﻫﻭﮋﭘ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﯼﺪﻌﺑ ﺪﻨﺟ ﺕﺍﺮﻈﻧ
ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﺃﺪﺘﺑﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ ﺮﺸﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻌﻓﺍﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻡﻮﻴﺳﺮﺴﻨﮐ
ﺯﺍ ﱳﺳﺎﮐ ﺎﻳ ﻭ ﻥﺩﻮﳕ ﻩﺩﺎﺳ . ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯼﺭﺍﻮﺷﺩ ﯼﺭﺎﮐ ﺎﻫ ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯼﺍﺪﺻ ﺮﺛﺍ ﻭ
.
ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴﳕ ﻩﺩﻭﺰﻓﺍ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯼﺍﺪﺻ
. ﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﺑ ﻪﻌﻓﺍﺪﻣ
ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﺮﺑ ، ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ
ﺭﺎﺑ ﻭ ﺩﻮﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﺍﻮﺘﺣﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﲔﻋ ﻪﮐ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻪﻔﻠﺘﳐ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ ﺎﺗ ﺖﺳﺍﻮﳔ ﺮﺸﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻌﻓﺍﺪﻣ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻡﻮﻴﺳﺮﺴﻨﮐ ،ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﲔﻋ ﺭﺩ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﯼﺪﻴﻣﺍ ﺎﻧ ﹰﺎﺻﻮﺼﳐ .
ﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﻞﻤﻌﺑ ﯼﲑﮔ ﻮﻠﺟ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﻥﺩﻮﳕ ﻢﻬﺒﻣ ﺯﺍ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻳﺎﳕ ﺭﺍﺮﮑﺗ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺭﺎﻬﻇﺍ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﳐ ﻁﺎﻘﻧ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ
ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺕﺍﲑﻐﺗ ﻥﺩﺭﻭﺁ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻪﮑﻨﻳﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻕﻮﺷ ﻭ ﺡﻼﺳ ﻊﻠﺧ ﻪﺳﻭﺮﭘ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﮐ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻡﺎﮔ ﺮﺑ ﯽﻨﺒﻣ ﯼﺪﺟ
ﺮﻈﻧ ﻢﻧﻬﺁ ﺎﺑ ؛ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺕﺎﻌﻳﺎﺷ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﻪﺘﺴﺟﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﺱﺎﮑﻌﻧﺍ ﻦﮑﳑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﲔﻋ ﺭﺩ ﻪﭼ ﺮﮔﺍ
.
ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻢﻫ ﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺩﻮﺸﻴﻣ
ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ ﻉﻮﻨﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺖﺳﺭﺩ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﻪﻳﺍﺭﺍ
ﺪﻴﻣﺍ ؛ﻪﲤﺎﺧ ﺭﺩ .
ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﺩﺎﳚﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺍﺭ ﯽﺋ ﻪﻧﺯﺍﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺲﻧﻼﻴﺑ ﻞﮑﺸﻣ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻡﺎﲤ ﺭﺩ ﯼﺪﻴﻠﮐ ﻞﻳﺎﺴﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻡﻮﻤﻋ
ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻴﭽﻴﭘ ﻭ ﻑﻼﺘﺧﺍ ﻢﻫ ﻪﻧﻻﺩﺎﻋ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﺑ
ﺪﯾزاﺪﻨﯿﺑ رود ار ﺎﻫ ﮓﻨﻔﺗ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ
ﻪﻧﻻﺩﺎﻋ ﻭ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﮏﻳ ﻪﺑ ﮎﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻧﺍﺪﻨﻣﻮﻗ ﺖﺸﺣﻭ ﻢﺘﺧ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻪﻗﻼﻋ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﲔﻋ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ،ﺪﻳﺎﳕ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺯﺍﺮﺑ ﺍ
ﻞﻳﺫ ﺐﻳﺎﺳ ﺐ ﻳ ﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻝﻮﺼﺣ ﲔﻨﭽﳘ ﻭ ﻡﻮﻴﺳﺮﺴﻨﮐ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ .
ﺪﻧﺎﺳﺮﺑ ﺶﻧﺎﮔ ﻩﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮﺧ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
ﯽﻧﻭﺮﺘﮑﻟﺍ ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﻪﺑ ﻞﻳﻭﺁ ﺍﺭﺎﺳ ﱎﺎﺧ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﻳ ﻭ
ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﻳﻮﮕﻴﻣ ﻦﺨﺳ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ www.afghanadvocacy.org
ﻡﺎﻧ ﺖﲢ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯽﭘﺎﭼ ﺕﺍﺮﺸﻧ .
ﺪﻴﺘﺳﺮﻔﺑ ﻞﻴﳝﺍ
: ﺪﻴﺋﺎﻣﺮﻓ ﻪﻌﺟﺍﺮﻣ sara.aviel@care.org.af
.
ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻞﺑﺎﮐ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ
ﻝﺎﺳ ﻥﺍﺰﺧ ﻞﺼﻓ ﺭﺩ ﹰﺍﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﮑ
ﻳﺍﻨ ﺎﻳ ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﯽﮔ ﻩﺯﺎﺗ ﻪﺑ
AREU
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﻪﮑﻴﺗﺍﺮﺸﻧ ﻥﺁ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ
.
ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﯽﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻪﻧﺎﮔﺍﺪﺟ ، ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ۲۰۰۴
ﻢﻬﺳ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳ ﺭﺩ ﯼﻭﺭﻮﺷ ﻝﺎﻐﺷﺍ ﻭ ﺖﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻞﺼﻔﻣ
ﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻭ ﺕﺎﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﯽﻨﻌﻳ ﻪﻧﺎﮔﺍ ﺪﺟ ﺶﲞ ﻪ ـ ﺳ .
ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ
ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻩﺪ ﻨﻳﺁ ﯼﺎﳕ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ ﻝﺎﻐﺷﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ ؛ﻥﺎﮔ ﻩﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ
ﺭﺩ ﺶﺷﻮﭘ ﺖﲢ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﺘﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﺵﺮﺘﺴﮔ
ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﻞﻳﺫ
. ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﺭﻭﺁ
ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻴﻧﺮﺘﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺻ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ
: ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ http://topics.developmentgateway.org/afgh anistan/rc/ItemDetail.do~1005900~intcmp
=00001AIAEEAbstract-1Thesis.doc
Understanding civil society in
Afghanistan / Sippi Azerbaijani-
Moghaddam. Kabul: Afghan Civil Society
Forum (Swisspeace), 2004. (Internal document, work in progress).
The Afghan agricultural extension system (AES): impact of the Soviet occupation and prospects for the future /
Tooryalai Wesa. Coquitlam, British
Columbia, Canada: Partnership
Afghanistan-Canada (PAC), [2004?]. [13] p. ; 30 cm. Thesis (Ph.D.)-University of
British Columbia, 2002.
ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ ﯼﺭﻮﺷ ﺩﺎﲢﺍ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻝﺎﻐﺷﺍ
ﻩﺪﻧﺎﻣ ﯼﺎﲜ
ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ
ﺎﻫ ﺭﻮﺘﮑﺳ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻭ ﺖﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﺍﺭ ﯼﺍ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ
ﺯﺍ ﺶﲞ ﻦﻳﺪﻨﭼ ﺭﺩ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯽﺘﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﻢﺘ ﺴﻴﺳ .
ﺖﺳﺍ
ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﲑﺛﺎﺗ ﺖﲢ ﺭﺎﻨﮐﻮﮐ ﻭ ﮎﺎﻳﺮﺗ ﺖﺸﮐ ﺎﺗ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﯼﺭﺎﻴﺑ ﺁ
(AES)
ﯽ ﺘﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﺵﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻒﻠﺘﳐ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪ ﺒ ﻨﺟ ﻭ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ
، ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺖﻋﺍﺭﺯ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﺕﺎﮐﻮﭼ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺖﻨﲤﺭﺎﭙﻳﺩ ﮏﻳ ﻪﮐ
ﺖﻬ ﺟ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺪﺑ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺮﺛﺎﺘﻣ ﹰﺍﺪﻳﺪﺷ
ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺕﺎﺷﺭﺎﻔﺳ
ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﱳﺷﺍﺩ ﺎﺑ
ﻪﻳﺍﺭﺍ ﻭ
ﻥﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺮﻔﻧ
ﻝﺎﻐﺷﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ
۶۲ .
ﺪﻳﺩﺮ
ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ
ﮔ ﺡﺮﻃ ،ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺁ

٩
: ﺖﺳﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻞﻳﺫ ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ http://www.odi.org.uk/hgp/papers/hpgrepo rt18.pdf
.
The changing role of UN in protracted crises / commissioned and published by the Humanitarian Policy Group (HPG);
Bruce D. Jones. London: Overseas
Development Institute (ODI), 2004 4 p.;
30 cm. (HPG Research briefing; no.17)
ﺭﺩ ﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻞﻠﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺶﻨﮐﺍﻭ ، ۱۹۹۰ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻞﻳﺍﻭﺍ ﺯﺍ
ﻪﺑ " ﺭﺍﺬﮔ ﺖﻟﺎﺣ " ﺮﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺯﺍ ﺭﺍﺪﻣﺍﻭﺩ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻥﺍﺮﲝ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ
ﺏﻮﭼﺭﺎﭼ " ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﯽﻓﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﻭ ﯼﺮﺸﺑ ﯼﺯ ﺍﻮﺘﻣ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ
ﻝﻮﲢ ﻭ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ " ﯽﮕﭼﺭﺎﭙﮑﻳ " ﻭ " ﯽﮑﻳﮋﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﯼﺭﺎﮐ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﺡﺮﻃ ﺮﺑ ﯽﻨﺒﻣ ﺕﺎﺸﻨﮐﺍﻭ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯼﺍﺪﻨﺟﺍ . ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪ ـ ﺘﻓﺎﻳ
ﻭ ﺎﻀﻋﺍ ﯽﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﻪ ـ ﻗﻼﻋ ﲔﻨﭽﳘ ﻭ ﯼﺮﺸﺑ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﻭ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ
ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻞﻠﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﯽﺳﺍﺮﮐ ﻭﲑﺑ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺖﺳﺎﻴﺳ
ﻝﺪﺒﻣ ﯽﻠﻤﻋ ﻞﻳﺎﺳ ﻭ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺡﺮﻃ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯽﻫﺎﮔ ﻩﺎﮔ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ
ﺖﻟﺎﺧﺩ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻞﻠﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻪﻗﻼﻋ ﻩﺯﻭﺮﻣﺍ .
ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ
ﺶﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﮓﻨﺟ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺕﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻭ ﺭﺍﺪﻣﺍﻭﺩ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻥﺍﺮﲝ ﺭﺩ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﺶﻟﺎ ﭼ ﺪﺤﺘﻣ ﻞﻠﻣ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ،ﻢﻧﻬﺁ ﺎﺑ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ
،ﻥﺁ ﺕﺭﺪﻗ ﺎﺑ ﯼﺎﻀﻋﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺵﺍ ﯽﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﻝﻼﻘﺘﺳﺍ ﻆﻔﺣ ﻞﻴﺒﻗ ﺯﺍ
ﮎﺮﺘﺸﻣ ﯼﺎﻫ ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﻊﻳﺮﺴ ﺗ ﻭ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﻣﺭﺎﮐ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﲔﻣﺎﺗ
ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﻥﺁ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ﻪﮐ ،ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ
. ﺩﲑﮔ
: ﺖﺳﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻞﻳﺫ ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ http://www.odi.org.uk/hpt/hpgbrief17.pdf
Reforming fiscal and economic management in Afghanistan / Michael
Carnahan, Nick Manning, Richard Bontjer and Stephane Guimbert, editors.
Washington, DC.: The World Bank, 2004. xx, 156 p.; 23 cm. ISBN 0821357867.
(Directions in development, Washington,
D.C.)
ﮏﻧﺎﺑ ﭖﺎﺸﮐﺭ ﻭ ﺭ ﺩ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺡﺮﻄﻣ ﺕﺎ ﺷﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﯼﻭﺎﺣ ﺏﺎﺘﮐ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﺕﺎﺣﻼﺻﺍ ﻭ ﯽﺳ ﯼﺩ ﱳﮑﻨﺷﺍﻭ ﺭﺩ ۲۰۰۳ ﻞﻳﺮﭘﺍ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻧﺎﻬﺟ
ﯽﻟﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﻩﺭﺍﺩﺍ ﻭ ﺖﻗﻮﻣ ﻩﺭﺍﺩﺍ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻭ ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ
ﱪﻣﺍﻮﻧ ﺭﺩ ﻦﺑ ﺲﻧﺍﺮﻔﻨﮐ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺶﺴﻴﺳﺄﺗ ﻭﺪﺑ ﺯﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ
ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻴﭽﻴﭘ ﻥﺁ ﺭﺩ .
ﺪ ـ ﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ۲۰۰۱
۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
، ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﺎﻳﺮﺟ ﻥﻮﻨﮐﺍ ﻢﻫ ﻪﮐ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻭ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻧﺪﻣ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻪﻴﺗﻬ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ
ﹰﺎﺻﻮﺼﳐ ﯽﻠﻠﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻭ ﺮﻧﻭﺩ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
.
ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ،ﺪﻧ ﺍ ﺭﻮﺘﮑﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻳﻮﻘﺗ ﻭ ﺖﻳﺎﲪ ﺪﻨﻤﻗﻼﻋ ﻪﮑﻴﻧﺎﻧﺁ
: ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
Acsf-kabul@swisspeace.ch
or Susanne Schmeidl at schmeidl@swisspeace.unibe.ch
Beyond the continuum: the changing role of aid policy in protracted crises / researched written and published by the
Humanitarian Policy Group at ODI; edited by Adele Harmer and Joanna Macrae.
London: Overseas Development Institute
(ODI), 2004. 78 p.; 30 cm. ISBN
0850037190. (HPG report 18).
ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﻴﻟﺎﺳ ﺕﺍﺮﺸﻧ ﻪﻠﺴﻠﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﲔﻣﻮﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻪﮐ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ Humanitarian Policy Group ﯼﺮﺸﺑ ﯼﺎﻫ
.
ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻞﻴﻠﲢ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﯼﺪﻴﻠﮐ ﺕﺎﺸﻳﺍﺮﮔ
ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﲔﺑ ﲑﻐﺘﻣ ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺭ ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺕﺎﺷﺭﺍﺰﮔ
ﯼﺎﻧﻬﺍﺮﲝ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﯽﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻞﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺲﮑﻋ ﻭ ﯼﺮﺸﺑ ﯼﺎﻫ
ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻧﺎﮕﳘ ﮓﻨﺟ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ ﻭ
ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪ
ﺕﺎﻋﺯﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ
ـ ﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺰﮐﺮﲤ ﻢﺴﻳﺭﻭﺮﺗ
ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴﻣ ﯽﻠﻠﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﯽﻓﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﮏﻤﮐ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﻴ ﭼ ﻪﮐ
ﺾﻔﻧ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻦﻳﺪﻨﭼ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺍﺰﻓﺍ ﺭﻮﻃ ﻪﺑ
ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺭ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ . ﺩﻮﺷ ﻊﻗﺍﻭ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺮﺸﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ
ﲑﺴﻣ ﻭ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯽﻟﺎﻣ ﺭﻮﻣﺍ ﻭ ﻞﻳﺎﺳﻭ ،ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ ﲔﺑ ﲑﻐﺘﻣ
ﻂﻳﺍﺮﺷ ﻭ ﺕﻻ ﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﯽﻓﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﻪﺳﻭﺮﭘ ﯽﮕ ﻨﻫﺎﳘ ﯽﻠﺻﺍ
.
ﺪﻨﮑﻴﻣ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺮﻣ ﯽﻧﺍﺮﲝ
ﯽﻧﺎﭘﺎﭼ ﯽﺘﻟﻭﺩ ﲑﻏ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻪﮑﺒﺷ
ﻩﺭﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺕﺎﺷﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺲﻴﺑﺎﺘﻳﺩ ﹰﺍﲑﺧﺍ ﻪﮑﺒﺷ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﱳﻣ ۴ ﻩﺎﻣ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ؛ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ
ﹰﺍﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻪﮑﺒﺷ ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﻪﲨﺮﺗ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻪﻧﺎﮔﺍﺪﺟ
ﯽﻧﺎﭘﺎﭼ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻪﺑ ﺡﻼﺳ ﻊﻠﺧ ﻪﺳﻭﺮﭘ ﺮﺑ ﯽﻨ ﺒﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ
ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻞﻳﺫ ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺲﻴﺑﺎﺘﻳﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﻪﻴﺗﻬ ﺰﻴﻧ
: ﺖﺳﺍ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ http://www.jca.apc.org/~jann/database.html

١٠
ﺎﺑ ،ﺪﻴﻣﺎﻧ ﯽﺗﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻳﺮﺸﻧ ﮏﻳ
ﺮﮕﻳﺩ
ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﻤﻨﻫﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﺩﻮﻤﻨﻫﺭ ﺕﺍﺩﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﮕﻴﻟﺎﺧ
ﻥﺍﻮﺘﻴ
ﺩﻮﻤﻨﻫﺭ
ﳕ ﻪﭼ ﺮﮔﺍ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻢﻧﻬﺁ
ﺏﺎﺘﮐ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻪﺻﻼﺧ ﻪﭽﳜﺭﺎﺗ ﻩﺍﺮﻤﺑﻬ .
ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﺮُﭘ ﺍﺭ
،ﺕﺎﻨﻌﻨﻋ ،ﮓﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻭ ﯽﻠﻤﻋ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﻴﺻﻮﺗ
ﺩﺍﻮﻣ ،ﺖﺤﺻ ،ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ ،ﯽﻣﻼﺳﺍ ﮏﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﻭ ﺪﻳﺎﻘﻋ
ﲑﻏ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﲔﺑ ﯽﮕﻨﻫﺎﳘ ،ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺧﺰﭙﺷﺁ ﻢﻴﻈﻨﺗ ﻭ ﯽﮐﺍﺭﻮﺧ
،ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﺵﺯﻮﻣﺁ ﻝﻮﺻﺍ ،ﯽﺘﻟﻭﺩ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺭﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﻭ ﯽﺘﻣﻮﮑﺣ
ﮏ ﻳ ﺩﺪﳎ ﭖﺎﭼ ﻭ ﻥﻮﮔﺎﻧﻮﮔ ﯽﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﯼ ﺎﻫ ﻢﻴﺗ ﯽﺋﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ
ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻭ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﻪﺤﻔﺻ ۳۰ ﯼﻭﺎﺣ ﻪﮐ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ
ﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﯽﺋﺎﻴﻧﺎﺘﻳﺮﺑ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ
.
ﺩﲑﮕﻴﻣ
.
ﺖﺳﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻞﺑﺎﮐ ﺭﺩ IAM
ﻩﺯﻭﺭ ۴
ﯼﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺩﻮﻤﻨﻫﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﺱﺭﻮﮐ ﻩﺎﻣ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﲔﻨﭽﳘ ﻭ
ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﻭ ﯽﺋﺎﻤﻨﻫﺍﺭ ﺖﻬﺟ
ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﺭﺩ ﺮ ﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺖﻬﺟ .
ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﺭﺍﺬﮔ ﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﻴﺟﺭﺎﺧ
: ﺪﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺱﺎﲤ ﻞﻳﺫ ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﺭﺩ hq@iamafg.org
ﺎﻳﻭ media@iamaf.org
, phone: 020 250 1185 or mobile: 070 277 296.
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺕ ﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻝﺎﻧﺭﻭﮊ
ﱪﻤﺘﭙﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧ ﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻝﺎﻧﺭﻭﮊ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ﲔﻟﻭﺍ
. ﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﺮﺸﻨﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺕﻮﺘﻴﺘﺴﻧﺍ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ۲۰۰۴
.( ﺪﺸﻴﻣ ﻩﺪﻴﻣﺎﻧ ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻥﺎﮔ ﻩﺪﻨﺴﻳﻮﻧ ﻪﻳ ﺩﺎﲢﺍ ﹰﻼﺒﻗ )
: ﺪﻧﺍ ﻞﻳﺫ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻝﺎﻧﺭﻭﮊ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻮﺘﳏ
ﺭﻭﺮﻣ : ﺶﹸﮑﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻳﺎﺴﳘ ؛ﺭﺍﺪﺑ ﺖﺳﻭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻳﺎﺴﳘ
ﺪﻣﺎﺣ ؛ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ – ﻥﺎﺘﺴﮐﺎﭘ ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ ﯼﺩ ﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ
•
؛ﲔﺴﺣ
؛ﲔﺑﻭﺭ ﺖﻴﻧﺭﺎﺑ / ﺎﻴﺳﺁ ﺏﻮﻨﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﺯﺮﻣ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ
ﺖﻴﺑ / ﺩﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺎﺗ ﻪﺳﻭﺮﭘ ﺯﺍ : ﮓﻨﺟ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﯼﺯﺎﺳﺯﺎﺑ
؛ﻥﻮﺘﺴﻴﻠﮕﻳﺍ
•
•
ﱘﺮﮑﻟﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ / ﻥﺎﮔ ﻪﻧﺎﮕﻴﺑ ﺖﻟﺎﺧﺩ ﻥﺮﻗ ﮏﻳ : ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ
؛ﻥﺎﺧ
/ ﯼﺭﺎﮑﳘ ﺎﺗ ﻪﻋﺯﺎﻨﻣ ﺯﺍ : ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ _ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﮐﺎﭘ ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺭ
/ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﯼﺯﺮﻣ ﻥﻭﺮﺑ ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻗ
؛ﻞﮔ ﺯﺎﻴﺘﻣﺍ
ﯼﺍﺮﺟﺍ ﯼﺭﺎﮑﳘ
؛ﲔﻠﺴﻳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍﺮﺑ
؛ﺐﻴﺒﺣ ﻩﺎﺷ ﺪﲪﺍ / ﺡﻼﺳ ، ﺕﺎﻋﺯﺎﻨﻣ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﮓﻨﺟ
•
•
•
•
۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
ﻪﮐ ﺎﻫ ﺮﻧﻭﺩ ﻖﻳﻼﻋ ﻭ ﯽﻓﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﮏﻤﮐ ﻩﺭﺍﺩﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ
ﻭ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﺮﻧﻭﺩ ﯼﺭﺎﮐ ﺖﻳﻮﻟﻭﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﯼﺪﻨﻣﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺯﺍ ﻮﺘﻣ
، ﺪﻳﺎﳕ ﺩﺎﳚﺍ ﺍﺭ ﯽﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺭﻮﺘﮑﺳ ﯼﻮﻗ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﺑ
ﻪﺟﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳ ﺭﺩ .
ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ
،ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻭ ﻑﺎﺸ ﮑﻧﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﯽﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﻪﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ
ﻥﺩﺍﺩ ﻞﮑﺷ ﺭﺩ ﯼﮋﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﻴﭼ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫﺪﻴﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﻭ
ﺎﺑ ﺏﺎﺘﮐ ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﺶﻘﻧ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻪﻴﻟﺎﻣ ﺕﺭﺍﺯ ﻭ ﺄﻴﺣﺍ
ﻭ ﺕﺎﺣﻼﺻﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﯼﺍﺪﻨﺟﺍ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﻪﻳﺍﺭﺍ
ﺪ.
ـ ﺳﲑﻣ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻪﻴﻟﺎﻣ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﺭﺎﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﺪﻳﺪﲡ
Voter education planning survey:
Afghanistan 2004 national elections: a report based on a public opinion poll /
Criag Charney, Radhika Nanda, Nicole
Yakatan. [New York?]: The Asia
Foundation, 2004. 123 p.; 30 cm.
ﻪﻴﺗﻬ ﺖﻬﺟ The Asia Foundation ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﺶﻳﺍﺮﮔ ﻭ ﯽﻫﺎﮔﺁ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﯽﺘﻴﻤﮐ ﻭ ﻞﺼﻔﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻡﺎ ﳒﺍ ،ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺁ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺩﺭﻮ ﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﻭﺮﻬﺷ
ﻥﺁ ﺕﺎﻓﺎﺸﺘﮐﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻑ ﺪﻫ .
ﺖﺳﺍ
ﺮﻃﺎﲞ ﯽﺘﻣﻮﮑﺣ ﲑﻏ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻭ ﺩﺎﻴﻨﺑ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
ﻭ ﻥﺎﮔ ﻩﺪﻨﻫﺩ ﯼﺍﺭ
ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺖﺳﺭﺩ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﻥﺎﺷ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺖﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﯼﺭﺍﺬﮕﻧﻼﭘ
۲۰۰۴
ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﯽﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﯼﺭﺍﺬﮔﺮﺑ
ﭺﺭﺎﻣ ﻭ ﯼﺭﻭﱪﻓ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﻣ ﻂﺳﺍﻭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ
ﯽﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺼﻣ
ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﻝﺎﺳ
۸۰۴ ﻞﻣﺎ ﺷ ﻭ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ
۱۸ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﮔﺭﺰﺑ ﻥﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻧﻭ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﮔﺍﺪﺟ
ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﺒﺣﺎﺼﻣ
ﻭ ﻥﺍﺩﺮﻣ ﲔﺑ
. ﺩﻮﺸﻴﻣ ،ﺭﻮﺸﮐ
ﯼﺮﻬﺷ ﻢﻫ ﻭ ﯽﺋﺎﺘﺳﻭﺭ
ﺖﻳﻻﻭ ۲۹
ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻫ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ
.
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻡﺎﳒﺍ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ
: ﺖﺳﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻞﻳﺫ ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ http://topics.developmentgateway.org/afgh anistan/rc/ItemDetail.do~11007370~intcm p=00001
Enjoy Afghanistan: an orientation manual for expatriate workers / compiled by International Assistance Mission
(IAM). Peshawar, Pakistan: InterLit
Foundation, 2004. 377 p.; 27 cm. ISBN
969834330X.

١١
Psychological Operations Command,
2004.
“USACAPOC Technical report 04-01, 12
March 2004”
ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﺯﺍ ﯼﻮﻳﺎﺼﺣﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﻈﻧ ﻭ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ
ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﯼﺭﺍﺬﮔ ﺱﺎﺳﺍ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺏﻮﺧ ﯼﺭﺍﺪﺘﻟﻭﺩ
Measures of effectiveness
ﺰﻴﻧ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻧﺪﻣ – ﯽﻣﺎﻈﻧ
ﺎﻳ ﺖﻳﺮﺛﻮﻣ
ﺕﺎﻃﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ
ﺶﺠﻨﺳ
ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
ﺝﺭﺪﻨﻣ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ .
ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺩ ﺍﺩ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ
ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ .
۱ : ﺖﺳﺍ
ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﯽﺗﺎﻴﻠﻤﻋ ﻉﻮﻧ ﺮﻫ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺖﻳﺮﺛﻮﻣ
.
۳ ؛ ﯽﻧﺪﻣ _ ﯽﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺭ ﯽﺋﺎﻧﻬ ﻪﻴﻧﺎﻴﺑ .
۲ ؛ﺩﲑﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ
ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﻪﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﮏﻳ .
۴ ﺖﻳﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻢﺘﺴﻴﺳ
ﻪﮐ ،ﯼﺭﺍﺪﺘﻟﻭﺩ ﯽﻔﻴﮐ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ،ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
. ۵ ﻭ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺪﻴﻔﻣ ﯼﺭﺍﺪﺘﻟﻭﺩ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﻈﻧﻭ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﻈﻧ ﺖﻬﺟ ﯼﺭﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﳕ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﯽﻠﻣ ﯼﮋﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﺵﻭﺭ .
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺮﺳﺎﺗﺮﺳ ﺭﺩ ﯼﺭﺍﺪﺘﻣﻮﮑﺣ
ﻊﻣﺍﻮﺟ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺖﻴﻠﺑﺎﻗ ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺮﮐﺫ ﺎﺠﻨﻳﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ
.
ﺖﺳﺍ ﯽﻧﺪﻣ ﻭ ﯽﻣﺎﻈﻧ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺮﮔ ﺩﺍﺪﻣﺍ
Results summary: baseline assessment of governance quality indicators for Gardez,
Jalalabad, and Kandahar (preliminary analysis) / [Anthony P.] Pusateri….[et al.]
[fort Bragg, North Carolina: United States
Army Civil Affairs and Psychological
Operations Command, 2004.]
ﻭ ﺩﺎﺑﺁ ﻝﻼﺟ ،ﺰﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭ ﺭﺩ ﯼﺭﺍﺪﺘﻟﻭﺩ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺯﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺎﺑ ۲۰۰۳ ﱪﻤﻴﺳﺩ ﻩﺎﻣ ﻥﺎﻳ ﺮﺟ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﻫﺪﻨﻗ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺮﺠﻴﺳﻭﺮﭘ ﻭ ﯼ ﺭﺍﺪﺘﻟﻭﺩ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﯽﻔﻴﮐ ﯼﺎﻫ
ﯼﺯﺎﺳﺯﺎﺑ ﻭ ﯼﺭﺍﺪﺘﻟﻭﺩ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ / ﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﻴﻘﻣ ﯽﻨﻓ
DTIC Report
) ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ
ﻉﻮﻤﳎ ﺪﻨﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺖﻓﺎﻳ ﻡﺎﳒﺍ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ( ADA42244
ﯼﺎﻫ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺯﺍ ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺎﳕ ﻪﮐ ﺍﺭ ﺮﻬﺷ ﻪﺳ ﺯ ﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ
ﯽﻨﻌﻳ ﮒﺭﺰﺑ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﻪﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺪ ﻳﺎﻤ ﻨﻴﻣ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻩﺪﻤﻋ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺮﻬﺷ
ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﯼﻮﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺕﺎﺣﺎﺳ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻗﺮﺸﺑﻮﻨ ﺟ ﻭ ،ﺏﻮﻨﺟ ،ﻕﺮﺷ
ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ . ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻴﻣ ﻪﻳﺍﺭﺍ ،ﺪﻧﺍ ﺰﻴﻧ
UNAMA
ﺖﻬﺟ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﲢ ﺵﻭﺭ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﻴﻟﻭﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ
۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
ﺪﻤﳏ ﲑﺧ / ﻥﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺮﻔﻨﮑﻳ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﮓﻨﻨﻳﺎﳝﺩ ﺕﺎﺳﺎﮑﻌﻧﺍ
.
ﻒﻳﺮﺷ
•
۱۵ ﺝﺭﺎﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺮﻟﺍﺩ ۱۰ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﺭﺩ ﻝﺎﻧﺭﻭﮊ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﯼ ﺭﺍﺪﻳﺮﺧ ﻩﻮﳓ ﺎﻳ ﻭ ﮎﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ .
ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺖﻤﻴﻗ ﺮﻟﺍﺩ
: ﺪﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺱﺎﲤ ﻞﻳﺫ ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻝﺎﻧﺭﻭﮊ
A Amin, Editor, Journal of Afghanistan
Studies, Seminar & Research coordinator,
Afghanistan Study Center, House # 3,
Street # 1, Kolola Pushta, Kabul,
Afghanistan, Tel: +93 079202 076 or +93
079 202 076 or email: afghanstudiesjournal@yahoo.com
or
Afghanistan@kurdland.com
Interface between state and society: an approach for Afghanistan: discussion paper / Raphy Favre. 16p. ; 30 cm.
(Forthcoming) 2004.09.28
ﯽﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﯽﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﻪﻠﺌﺴﻣ ﻭ ﻪﺼﺨﺸﻣ ﻭﺩ ﻪﮐ
. ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻞﻴﻠﲢ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﺪﻫﺪﻴﻣ ﻞﻴﮑﺸﺗ ﺍﺭ
ﲔﺑ ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺭ
، ﯼﺭﺍﺪﺘﻟﻭﺩ
ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﻭﺩ
ﯼﺭﻮﳏ ﻪﻠﺌﺴﻣ ﮏﻳ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ
ﻪﮐ
ﻦﻳ ﺭﺩ
ﯽﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻭ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ
. ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺚﲝ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﯼﺯﺎﺳﺯﺎﺑ ﻭ ﻪﳊﺎﺼﻣ
ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﯼﺎﻫ ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﯽﮕﻧﻮﮕﻴﭼ
ﻪﮐ ﻩﺪﻣﺁ ﺚﺤﺒﻣ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ . ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺡﺮﻄﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ
ﻪﺑ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﹰﺎﻤﺴﻗ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎ ﻐﻓﺍ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﻖ ﻓ ﻮﻣ ﻩﺭﺍﺩﺍ ﮏﻳ ﯽﻣﺎﮐﺎﻧ
؛ ﻦﻳﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ . ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﺖﻠﻣ ﻭ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﲔﺑ ﺎﻣ ﯽﻓ ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺭ ﺩﻮﺒﻤﮐ
ﺪﻨﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﲔﻌﺗ ﯽﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻭ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﲔﺑ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ ﺕﺍﺮﺛﺍ
ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﯽﻠﺒﻗ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺮﺘﻘﻓﻮﻣ ﯽﻠﻌﻓ ﻩﺭﺍﺩﺍ ﺭﻮﻄﻴﭼ ﻪﮐ ﺩﻮﳕ
.
ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴﻣ
: ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ raphyfavre@gmx.net
.
Metrics to monitor governance and reconstruction in Afghanistan: development of measures of effectiveness for civil-military operations and a standardized tool to monitor governance quality / authors Anthony E. Pusateri …
[et al.] Fort Bragg, North Carolina: United
States Army Civil Affairs and

١٢
ﺭﺩ ﯽﺳﺎﺳﺍ ﻪ
ﯼﺎﳕ ﺭﻭﺩ ﻭ
ﺒﻨﺟ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ ﲔﺑ ﻢﻬﻣ ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺭ
ﺕﺎﻫﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ
ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﺖﺸﻴﻌﻣﺭﺍﺮﻣﺍ ﻭ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ
ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﺪﻴﮐﺄﺗ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺪﻣﺯﺍﺭﺩ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﻭ ﺢ ﻠﺻ
ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﻭ ﺮﺸﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ : ﺯﺍ ﺪﻧﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺒ ﻋ ﯽﺘﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﻪﺒﻨﺟ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ
ﻭ ﯼﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ ،ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻡﺩﺮﻣ ﻭ ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ ،ﯽﺼﺨﺷ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﻡﺰﻴﻧﺎﮑﻴﻣ ﹰﺎﺗﻭﻼﻋ .
ﯽﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﻭ ﯼﺭﺍﺪﺘﻟﻭﺩ ﻭ ،ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
ﻭ ﺖﻟﺍﺪﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﯼﻮﻨﻌﻨﻋ ﻭ ﯽﺘﻨﺳ ،ﯽﲰﺭ ﻩﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ
ﻭ ﯽﺘﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﺕﺍﺪ ﻳﺪﺗﻬ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻭ
ﻪﳘ .
ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻞﻴﻠﲢ
ﺍﺭ ﺹﻮﺼﳜﺭﺩ ﻑﺎﺼﻧﺍ
ﺕﺎﻫﺩ ﯽﻟﺎﻫﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﯽﺘﺸﻴﻌﻣ
ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻪ ـ ﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺱﺎﺳﺍﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﺷﺭﺎﻔﺳ ﺖﻗﻭ
.
ﺩﲑﮕﻴﻣ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﺕﻼﻴﻠﲢ
: ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻝﻮﺼﺣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ http://www.famine.tufts.edu
Registan water/pasture assessment
(UNAMA): final report July 20, 2004 /
Central Asia Development Group.
Singapore: Central Asia Development
Group, 2004. 129 p.: ill., maps; 30 cm. +1 computer optical dis.
ﻭ ﺭﺎﻫﺪﻨﻗ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭ ﻪﮐﻭﺮﺘﻣ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺖﺷﺩ
ﯽﻟﻭ ﺪﻧﺩﻮﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻧﺯ ﻥﺎﭘﻮﭼ
ﺭﺩ ﻞﺒﻗ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ
ﻥﺍﺭﺍﺰﻫ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺪﻨﻤﻠﻫ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﻣﺭ ﺮﺑ ﯼﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﺕﺎﻔﻠﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺮﮕﻧﺍﺮ ﻳﻭ ﯼﺎﻫ ﯽﻟﺎﺴﮑﺸﺧ ﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ
ﻪﺑ ﻭ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻩﺎﺠﻴﺑ
ﺪﻨﻓ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ .
ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻧﻬﺁ ﺩﻮﳕ
ﺪﻧﺩﻮﳕ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﺍﺮﻧﺎﺷ ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻧ ﺯ
ﺩﺭﺍﻭ
ﻥﺁ
ﺎﻧﻬﺁ ﯽﺷﺍﻮﻣ
ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺍ ﯽﺿﺍﺭﺍ
ﺖﺷﺩ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﯼﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﺎﻴﺳﺁ ﯽﻓﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﭖﻭﺮﮔ ﻭ ﺎﻣﺎﻧﻮﻳ
ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻞﺣ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺎﺗ ﺪﺷ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻥﺁ ﻑﺍﺮﻃﺍ ﯽﺿﺍﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺘ ﺴﮕﻳﺭ
،ﺪﻧﺍ ﻪﺟﺍﻮﻣ ﻥﺁ ﺎﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﮕﻳﺭ ﯼﺎﻫ ﯽﭼﻮﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺕﻼﮑﺸﻣ
ﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ۲۰۰۴ ﯼﺭﻭﱪﻓ ﻂﺳﺍﻭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﮑﻨﻳﺍ .
ﺩﻮﺷ ﺖﻓﺎﻳﺭﺩ
ﻞﺼﻔﻣ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺪﻴﺳﺭ ﻥﺎﻳﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ۲۰۰۴ ﻥﻮﺟ ﺮﺧﺍﻭﺍ
ﯼﮋﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ / ﯼﺭﺎﮐ ﻥﻼﭘ ﻭ ،ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ،ﯼﺭﺎﮐ ﺕﺎﻴﺋﺰﺟ ،ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ
ﺢﺿﺍﻭ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﺷ ﯽﻠﺻﺍ ﻖﻃﺎﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﻧﺎﭘﻮﭼ ﺖﺸﮔﺮﺑ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
. ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ
۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
ﻞﻳﺪﻌﺗ ،ﻂﺑﺮﻳﺫ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﯼﺎﻫ ﯼﺪﻨﻣﺯﺎﻴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﯽﮔ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺭ
.
ﺪﺷ ﺪﻨﻫﺍﻮﺧ
ﯽﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻭ ﺖﺤﺻ
Child marriage in Afghanistan: a preliminary briefing / Sajia and Wahida
Mukhtar. [Kabul]: medica mondiale, 2004.
18 p.; 30 cm.
ﺞﻳﺎﺘﻧ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻝﺎﻔﻃﺍ ﺝﺍﻭﺩﺯ ﺍ ﯽﺗﺎﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﺩﺎﻌﺑﺍ ﯽﻀﻌﺑ
ﺕ ﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻭ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ
ﯽﻧﻮﻨﮐ ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻗ ،ﺝﺍﻭﺩﺯﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﻥﺁ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﺘﻣ
ﯽﺘﻨﺳ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ medica ﺯﺍ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ،ﯽﻠﻠﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺭﺎﻴﻌﻣ ،ﺝﺍﻭﺩﺯﺍ mondiale psychologists and gynecologists
، ﺎﻧﻬﺍﺪﻧﺯ ﺯﺍ ﯽﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻭ ﯽﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﲔﻔﻟﻮﻣ ﻭ ﲔﺼﺼﺨﺘﻣ ﺕﺎﻳﺮﻈﻧ
.
ﺩﻮﺸﻴﻣ ﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﺎﺧﺎﻔﺷ ﻭ ﺐﺗﺎﮑﻣ
ﻞﻳﺫ ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻝﻮﺼﺣ ﻭ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
: ﺪﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺱﺎﲤ rachelwareham@yahoo.com
or
Stefanie_kuenzel@yahoo.de
Human security and livelihoods of rural
Afghans, 2002-2003: a report for the
United States Agency for International
Development / Feinstein International
Famine Center, Youth and Community
Program, Tufts University, USA. Medfor,
Ma., USA: Feinstein International Famine
Center, Tufts University, 2004. 263 p.: maps, 30 cm. Bibliography, p.258-263
ﺖﺸﻴﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻣﺍ ﻭ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﻂﺑﺍﻭﺭ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺯﺎﺗ ﺕﺎﺸﻳﺍﺮﮔ
ﻦﻳ ﺭﺩ ۲۰۰۳ –
ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻡﺎﲤ
۲۰۰۲ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﺕﺎﻫﺩ ﺮﺳﺎﺗﺮﺳ ﺭ ﺩ
ﻭ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻞﻴﻠﲢ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ
ﻭ ﺮﻄﺧ ﯽﻠﻣ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻭ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﺢﻄﺳ
ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﺮﺑ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺝﺍﺮﺨﺘﺳﺍ ۲۰۰۳ ﯼﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺐﻴﺳﺁ
ﺭﺩ ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺍﺭ ﺕﻼﻴﻠﲢ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﹰﻼﺼﻔﻣ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ
،ﺦﻠﺑ ،ﺲﻴﻏﺩﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ Tufts ﯼﺭ ﺎﮐ ﻢﻴﺗ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﺖﻳﻻﻭ ۶
ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﺰﻴﻧ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻡﺎﳒﺍ ﺭﺎﻫﺮﮕﻨﻧ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻫﺪﻨ ﻗ ،ﻞﺑﺎﮐ ،ﺕﺍﺮﻫ
.
ﺩﻮﺸﻴﻣ

١٣
ﻢﻴﻣﺎﺼﺗ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﺑ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﺎﺗ ﺪﻧﻮﺷ ﻩﺩﺍﺩ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﯼﺩﺮﺑﺭﺎﮐ ﯼﺎﻫ
ﯼﺎﻨﺑ ﺮﻳﺯ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺖﻳﻮﻟﻭﺍ ﲔﻌﺗ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﯽﺤﻄﺳ ﺮﻫ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ
ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻑﺎﻔﺷ ﻭ ﻁﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﮏﻳ .
ﺪﻨﮐ ﺫﺎﲣﺍ ﺎﻫ ﻩﮊﻭﺮﭘ
ﺮﺠﻴﺳﻭﺮﭘ ﺯﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﯼﺭﺍﺬﮕﻧﻼﭘ ﻪﺳﻭﺮﭘ ﻞﻴﻬﺴﺗ
Integrated Rural Accessibility Planning
ﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ
ﲔﻌﺗ ﻥﺁ ﯽﻠﺻﺍ ﻑﺪﻫ
،ﯽﻟﺍﻮﺴﻟﻭ ،ﻞﳏ ﺢﻄ ﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻧﺍﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﻭ ؛ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﻞﺣ ﻩﺍﺭ
.
ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﯽﻠﻣ ﻭ ﯽﺘﻳﻻﻭ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻗﻮﻣ ﺭﻭﺎﺸﻣ ،ﻩﺪﺷ ﺮﮐﺫ ﺮﺠﻴﺳﻭﺮﭘ ﺱﺎ ـ ﺳﺍ ﺮﺑ
ﯼﺎﻫ ﺎﺘﳘ ﺎﺑ ﮏﻳﺩﺰﻧ ﯼﺭﺎﮑﳘ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺪﻣ ﻩﺎﺗﻮﮐ ﯼﺭﺍﺬﮕﻧﻼﭘ
ﺭﺩ ﺎﻫ ﮎﺮﺳ ﯼﺭﺍﺬﮕﻧﻼﭘ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﯽﺋﺎﻤﻨﻫﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﯼﺪﻴﻠﮐ
ﻭ ﲔﻌﺗ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺩﻮﺘﻴﻣ ﺎﻤﻨﻫﺭ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ .
ﺪﻧﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﺡﺮﻃ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺎﻨﺑﺮﻳﺯ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﮎﺮﺳ ﯼﺯﺎﺳﺯﺎﺑ ﺖﻳﻮﻟﻭﺍ
ﻪﮐ ﻑﺪﻫ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﺑ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺩﺎﻬﻨﺸﻴﭘ ﯽﻠﻤﻋ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ
ﻭ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻫ ﯼﺭﺎﮐ ﻪﺣﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺍﺭﺎﮐﺭﺪﻧﺍ ﺖﺳﺩ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ
.
ﺩﲑﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﯽﻟﺍﻮﺴﻟﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻫ
: ﺖﺳﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺖﻴﻧﺮﺘﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺻ ﺭﺩ ﺪﻨﺳ ﻦ ﻳﺍ http://www.neepjmu.org/
ﺪﻳﺪﲡ
ﲔﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﺏﺎﺘﮐ ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﯽﻠﻠﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﯼﺭﻭﺁ ﺩﺎﻳ ﯽﻠﺒﻗ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ) ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ
ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﲔﻣﺍﺮﻓ ﻭ ﲔﻧﺍﻮﻗ ﻪﮐ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﺪﻳﺪﲡ ( ﺩﻮﺑ
ﻩﺪﺷ ﭖﺎﭼ ( ۱۳۸۲ / ۲۰۰۳ ) ۸۰۸ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ﯽﲰﺭ ﻩﺪﻳﺮﺟ
.
ﺩﲑﮕﻴﻣ ﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ
ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ : ﻞﺑﺎﮐ ) ﻪﻴﻟﺪﻋ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﲔﻣﺍﺮﻓ ﺖﺳﺮﻬﻓ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻭ
ﺰﻴﻧ ﺍﺭ ( ﺮﺘﻣ ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ۳۰ ،ﻪﺤﻔﺻ
ﺎﺗ ﻪﻴﻟﺪﻋ ﺕﺍﺭﺯﻭ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮑﻴﻧﺎﻣﺮﻓ ۳۸۲
۱۷ ، ۲۰۰۴ ،ﻪﻴﻟﺪﻋ
ﺖﺴﻴﻟ ﻥﺁ ،ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ
ﻪﺑ ﺎﺗ ۱۳۴۳ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻝﺎﺳ ﺯﺍ ) ،ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﻴﺳﺮﻧ ﺏﺎﭽﺑ ﺯﻮﻨﻫ
.( ۱۳۸۳
: ﺪﻳﺰﻣ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ afghanistanIlDO@idlo.int
: ﺪﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﻥﺪﻳﺩ ﻥﺁ ﺐﻳﺎﺳ ﺐﻳﻭ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻳ ﻭ www.idlo.int
۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
The demodernization of an army: northern Afghanistan, 1992-2001 /
Antonio Giustozzi. Published in: Small wars and insurgencies, v. 15 (no. 1)
(Spring 2004), p. 1-19
ﯼﺎﻳﺎﻘﺑ ﻭ ﺭﺎﺛ ﺁ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺭﺩ ﯽﺘﺴﻴﻧﻮﻤﮐ ﱘﮊﺭ ﻁﻮﻘﺳ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ
ﺎ ﺗ ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﻢﻴﻈﻨ ﺗ ﯽﻫﻭﺮﮔ ﻡﺎﻈﻧ ﮏﻳ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻭﺩﺭﺍ
.
ﺪﻳﺎﳕ ﺮُﭘ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﺷ ﺩﺎﳚﺍ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﻁ ﻮﻘﺳ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺍﺭ ﻸﺧ
ﺯﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﯽﻟﻭﺍ ﯼﻭﺩﺭﺍ ﺪﻨﻧ ﺎﳘ ﻭﺩﺭﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺕﺍﺍﺮﺟﺍ ،ﺃﺪﺘﺑﺍ ﺭﺩ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻡﺎﲤ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﻪﺸﻴﻠﻣ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻩﻭﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺩﻮﺧ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻦﻳﺪﻨﭼ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﻞﻠﻋ ﺎﺗ ﺪﺷﻮﮑﻴﻣ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﻞﻳﺪﺒﺗ ،ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻂﻠﺴﻣ
.
ﺪﻳﺎﳕ ﺢﺿﺍﻭ ﺍﺭ ﺕﻻﻮﲢ ﻭ ﺕﺍ ﲑﻐﺗ
L’évaluation de programme en santé internationale: qu’est-ce que c’est, comment la planifier et utiliser une approche participative?
/ par Valéry
Ridde. Dévelppment et santé, février 2004
(no. 169) p. 23-29.
ﺭﺩ ﺵﺭﺍﺰ ﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻭ ﺎﻘﻳﺮﻓﺍ ﺯﺍ ﯽﺗﺎﺷﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﺮﺑ ﯽﻨﺒﻣ
ﺎﻫ ﻩﮊﻭﺮﭘ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﯽﮐﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺩﻮﺘﻴﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
ﺚﲝ ،ﺪﻧﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﻞﻳﻮﲤ ﯽﺘﻟﻭﺩ ﲑﻏ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ
: ﺪﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﻪﺒﺗﺎﮑﻣ ﻞﻳﺫ ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﺎﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ .
ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ
Valery.ridde1@ulaval.ca
NEEP – rural access, field manual for road planning: review of the Kapisa pilot project planning, January-July 2004 /
Ruth Schaffner. Kabul: National
Emergency
.
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﭖﺎﭼ ﺰﻴﻧ ﯼﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺑﺯ ﻪﺑ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﮐ ﯼﺭﺍﺬﮕﻧﻼﭘ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻊﻣﺎﺟ ﯼﮊﻮﻟﺩﻮﺘﻴﻣ
ﺩﻮﻤﻨﻫﺭ ﺪﻳﺎﺑ ، ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍ ﺪﻧ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ،ﻩﺩﻮﺑ
ﺮﮔﺍ ﻪﺘﺒﻟﺍ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ

١٤
ﺶﻣ ﻂﺧ ﻭ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﻴﺗﻬ ، ﻩﺪﺷ ﻡﺎﳒﺍ ﺏﺎﻳﺭﺎﻓ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺸﺧﺪﺑ
ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺶﻨﺗ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ ﺖﻬﺟ ﯼﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﯼﺎﻫ
ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﺵﺭﺎﻔﺳ ، ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﻭ ﯽﻠﻤﻋ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺭﺩ ﯽﭼ ﯽﺿﺍﺭﺍ
۲۰۰۴ ﱪﻣ ﻮﻧ ﻞﻳﺍﻭﺍ ﺎﻳ ﻭ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ﺮﺧﺍﻭ ﺍ ﺭﺩ ﹰﻻﺎﻤﺘﺣﺍ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ
.
ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ ﺪﻴﻟﻮﺗ ﻭ ﻪﻴﺗﻬ
ﺪﺣﺍﻭ ﱪﻣﻮﻧ ﻭ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻩﺎﻣ ﺭﺩ .
ﮏﻳ ﻭ ﯽﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻭﺩ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ
ﯼﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﻭ ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﮑﺒﺷ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ
ﺮﺸﻧ ﺏﺎﻳﺭﺎﻓ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺮﻫ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺕﺩﻮﻋ ﻦﻳﺮﺟﺎﻬﻣ
ﻪﮑﺒﺷ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﻴﭼ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫﺪﻴﻣ ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺩﻮﳕ ﺪﻫﺍﻮﺧ
ﻩﺪﻧﺯ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻥﺎﮔ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺕﺩﻮﻋ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﯼﺮﺳﺍﺮﺳ ﯼﺎﻫ
.
ﺪﻨﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﮏﻤﮐ ،ﯽﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﻧﻮﻨﮐ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﺭﺩ ﯽﮔ
ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺭﺩ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﯼﺪﻌﺑ ﺰﻴﻓ ﺎﻳ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﺯﺍ
ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔﺮﺑ ﺕ ﺎﻫﺩ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺸﻴﻌﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻣﺍ ﻩﺭﺎﺑ
ﺚﲝ ﯼﺭﺍﺪﻟﺎﻣ ﻭ ﯽﺿﺍﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺷ ﺖﻴﮑﻟﺎﻣ ﻭ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﯼﻻﺎﺑ
.
ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ
ﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ .
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
۴ ﺎﺗ ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻥﻼﭘ ﺹﻮﺼﺧ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍ
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﺮﺑ ﯽﻨﺒﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ ﮏﻳ ﺎﺑ ﻩﺍﺮﳘ ﻪﻧﺎﮔﺍﺪﺟ ﯽﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ
ﺫﺎﲣﺍ ﻖﺣ ﻩﺯﺍﺪﻧﺍ ﺎﺑ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻳﺎﳕ ﺮﺸﻧ ﯼﻭﺮﺳ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻞﺑﺎﮐ ﻭ ﺕﺍﺮﻫ ،ﺦﻠﺑ ، ﻥﺎﻴﻣﺎﺑ ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻢﻴﻣﺎﺼﺗ
. ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ
ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ ﮏﻳ ،ﻞﻴﺒﻗ ﺯﺍ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺕﺍﺮﺸﻧ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻢﺘﺧ ﺭﺩ ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ
ﺭﺩ ﻪﻟﺎﺳﺭ ﮏﻳ ، ﺎﻫ ﺮﻬﺷ ﺭﺩ ﻩﺭﺍﺩﺍ ﻭ ﯼﺭﺍﺪﺘﻟﻭﺩ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ
ﯽﻤﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﺖﻴﻌﺿﻭ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﻭ ﺖﻴﺴﻨﺟ ﻭ ﯼﺮﺳﺍﺮﺳ ﺖﻟﺍﺪﻋ ﺩﺭﻮ ﻣ
.
ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﺭﺎﺸﺘ ﻧﺍ
ﻩﺪﻧ ﲑﮔ ﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺎﻤﻨﻫﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ۲۰۰۴ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﭖﺎﭼ
ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ،ﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﲤ ﺖﺴﻟ ،ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ
.
ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﻥﺎﮔ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﮏﻤﮐ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
ﻪﮐ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺁ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺶﲞ ﮏﻳ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻭ
،ﺩﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻭ ﯼﺭﺍﺬﮔﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
ﺰﻴﻧ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ
!
ﺖﺳﺍ ﺝﺭﺪﻨﻣ ﺰﻴﻧ
ﺖﻳﺎﺳ ﺐﻳﻭ ﺯﺍ ﺪﻴﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴﻣ ﺍﺭ ﻪﻳﺮﺸﻧ ﻦﻳﺍ
.
ﺪﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﯽﭘﺎﮐ www.areu.org.af
۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
AREU
ﺶﻟﺎﭼ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ ﻦﻳﺮﺗ ﻩﺯﺎﺗ
ﯽﻧﺎﳌ ﺭﺎﭘ ﻭ ﯼﺭﻮﻬﲨ ﺖﺳﺎﻳﺭ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﺮﺑﺍﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺍﺭ
ﻥﺍﻮﺘﻴﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﻴﭼ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻳﺎﻤﻨﻴﻣ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﻭ
ﯼﺎﻫ
ﻩﺩﻮﳕ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ،ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ
ﻦﻳﺍ ﺎﻧﻬﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻞﻣﺎﮐ ﻥﺎﻨﻴﻤﻃﺍ ﺎﺑ ﺎﺗ ﺩﺍﺩ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺍﺭ ﺎﻫ ﺶﻟﺎﭼ ﻦﻳﺍ
.
ﺪﻨﻳﺎﳕ ﯽﻘﻠﺗ ﻉﻭﺮﺸﻣ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ
(A to Z)
ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ ﻩﺪﻧﲑﮔ ﺮﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺎﻤﻨﻫﺭ ﻦﻳﺍ ۲۰۰۴ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﭖﺎﭼ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ،ﺎﻫ ﺱﺎﲤ ﺖﺴﻟ ،ﺪﻳﺪﺟ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺶﲞ ﮏﻳ ﺰﻴﻧ ﻭ .
ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﻥﺎﮔ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﮏﻤﮐ ﻭ
ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻥﻮﻧﺎﻗ ﻭ ﯼﺭﺍﺬﮔﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﻣﺯ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﮐ ﻩﺪﻨﻳﺁ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ
. ﺪﺷﺎﺒﻴﻣ ﺏﺎﺘﮐ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺝﺭﺩ ﺰﻴﻧ ،ﺩﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ
ﯽﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﻣﺍﺩﺍ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﺢﻴﺿﻮﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﺏﺎﻳﺭﺎﻓ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺸﺧﺪﺑ ،ﻥﺎﻴﻣﺎﺑ
ﺕﺎﻳﻻﻭ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻧﺎﮔﺍﺪﺟ ﻪﮐ
ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﺍﺭ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻭ
ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ،ﺖﺳﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻮ
.
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻪﻴﺗﻬ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﻳ ﻡﺎﳒﺍ
ﻣ ﯽﺿﺍﺭﺍ ﻩﺩﺎﻔﺘﺳﺍ ﻭ ﺖﻴﮑﻟﺎﻣ
ﻪﻨﻴﻣﺯ
ﻝﻮﺣﺎﻣ
ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﺷﺭﺎﻔﺳ ﻥﺁ ﺮﺑ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ،ﺪﻫﺪﻴﻣ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ
ﺮﭽﻔﻠﻋ ﯼﻻﺎﺑ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺕﺎﻋﺯﺎﻨﻣ ﻥﺩﻮﳕ ﻑﺮﻃ ﺮﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ ﻥﺍ ﺯﺎﺳ
.
ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻴﻣ ﻪﻳﺍﺭﺍ ﺎﻫ
ﺶﺷ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
ﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻡﺩﺮﻣ
ﺯﺍ ﻪﻋﻮﻤﳎ
ﮎﺭﺩ ﻭ ﺱﺎﺴﺣﺍ
ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻪﮐ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻪﻧﺎﮔﺍﺪﺟ ﯽﻟﺍﻮﺴﻟﻭ
ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ ﺖﻤﺴﻗ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧﺍ ﻭ ﯽﻠﻣ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺒﳘ ﻡﺍﺮﮔﻭﺮﭘ
ﻥﺎﺸﻧ ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﻦﻳﺍ .
ﺩﺭﺍﺪﻴﻣ ﻪﻳﺍﺭﺍ ﻭ ﯽﺳﺭﺮﺑ ﯽﻠﳏ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺍﺭﻮﺷ
ﻞﳏ ﺭﺩ ﯽﻠﻣ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺒﳘ ﻡﺍﺮﮔﻭﺮﭘ ﯼﺪﺣ ﯽﭼ ﺎﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻫﺪﻴﻣ
ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﻧﺯ ﮎﺍﺮﺘﺷﺍ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻭ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ
.
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺩﺭﻮ ﻣ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺶﻘﻧ ﯽﭼ ، ﻡﺍﺮﮔﻭﺮﭘ
ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺯ ﺍ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺧﻮﻣﺁ ﻭ ﺭﺎﻣﺁ ﻭ ﻦﺋﺍﺮﻗ ﯼﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ،ﯽﻋ ﻮﺿﻮﻣ
،ﻥﺎﻴﻣﺎﺑ ﺭﺩ ﻪﮐ ﯽﺿﺍﺭﺍ ﺕﺎﻋﺯﺎﻨﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻭ

١٥ ۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
.
ﺪﻧﺭﺍﺪﻴﻣ ﯽﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﻦﻳﺯﺍ ﺰﻴﻧ ﺍﺭ ﺩﻮﺧ ﺕﺍﺮﺸﻧ ﻒﻠﺘﳐ ﺩﺍﺮﻓﺍ ﻭ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﻮﻣ ،ﺪﺷ ﻩﺩ ﺍﺩ ﺮﮐﺬﺗ ﹰﻼﺒﻗ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﺕﺍﺮﺸﻧ ﻩﻭﻼﻋ ﺮﺑ
– ۱۶ ﮓﻨﻳﺪﻨﻓ – ۱۶
ﯼﺎﻫ ﻪﻴﺻﻮﺗ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ
ﻭ
–
۱۵
۱۶
ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺨﺘﻧ ﺍ – ۱۵ ﻭ ۱۴ ﻑﺎﺸﮑﻧﺍ
ﺩﺍﺯﺁ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺒﻄﻣ ﻭ ﺮﺸﺑ ﻕﻮﻘﺣ –
–
۱۶
۱۴ ﯽﻧﺪﻣ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ -
ﯽﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﻭ ﺖﺤﺻ
۱۴ ﻭ
– ۱۶
۱۳ ﻭ ۱۲
ﯼﺭﺍﺪﺘﻟﻭﺩ
ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺻ
– ۱۶
ﺖﻋﺍﺭﺯ
ﺖﻴﺴﻨﺟ
.
۱۷ ﺡﻼﺳ ﻊﻠﺧ ﻭ ﺖﻴﻨﻣﺍ – ۱۷ ﻦﻳﺮﺟﺎﻬﻣ – ۱۷ ﮎﺎﻳﺮﺗ – ۱۷ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺸﻘﻧ – ۱۷ ﻭ ۱۶ ﯽﻗﻮﻘﺣ
.
ﺖﺳﺍ ﺭﺎﻴﺴﺑ ﺖﻴﳘﺍ ﺭﻮﺧ ﺭﺩ ﮏﻳﮋﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺩﺍﺩ ﺥﺭ ﺎﻣ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﺭﺩ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺩﺍﺪﻳﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﹰﺍﲑﺧﺍ
ﺯﺍ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﻭ ،ﻞﺑﺎﮐ ﺭﺩ ﺎﮑﻳﺮﻣﺍ ﻪﺟﺭﺎﺧ ﺕﺭﺍﺯﻭ ﲔﻌﻣ ﻑﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﯽﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺕﺭﺎﲡ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﺭﺩ ﺮﻇﺎﻧ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺵﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻡﻼﻋﺍ ،ﯽﮑﻳ
ﯽﻟﺎﻘﺘﻧﺍ ﺖﻟﻭﺩ ﺲﻴﺋﺭ ﯼﺯﺮﮐ ﺪﻣﺎﺣ ﻡﺮﺘﳏ ﺮﻔﺳ ﻑﺍﺪﻫﺍ ﺯﺍ ﯽﮑﻳ ﻪﮐ ﻥﺎﺘ ﺴﮐﺎﭘ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺭﺎﲡ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ ﯽﺗﺭﺎﲡ ﯼﺎﻬﺘﻳﺩﻭﺪﳏ ﱳﺷﺍﺩﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﻴﻣ
.
ﺩﺍﺪﻴﻣ ﻞﻴﮑﺸﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﮐﺎﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﻣﻼﺳﺍ
ﻭ ﯼﻮﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺕﺭﺎﲡ ﺎﺑ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﯼﺩﺎﺼﺘﻗﺍ ﯼﺎﻨﺑ ﻥﺎﻤﺘﺧﺎﺳ ﯽﻨﻌﻳ ﮏﻳﮋﻴﺗﺍﺮﺘﺳﺍ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﮏﻳﺭﺩ ﻭﺩ ﺮﻫ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ﺩﺍﺪﻳﻭﺭ ﻭﺩ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺖﻴﳘﺍ
.
ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻪﻴﺟﻮﺗ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴﻣ ﯽﺗﺭﺎﲡ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯼﺭﻮﻴﺗ ﻑﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳﺍ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﯽﻧﺎﻬﺟ
ﮏﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺘ ﺷﺬﮔ ﻝﺎﺳ ﻭ ﺩﻮﺑ ﻩﺪﻳﺩﺮﮔ ﺡﺮﻄﻣ ﺕﺎﻋﻮﺒﻄﻣ ﺭﺩ ﻞﺑﺎﮐ ﻪﻴﺑﺮﺗ ﻭ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻥﻮﺘﻨﻫﻮﭘ ﻥﺍﺩﺎﺘﺳﺍ ﺯﺍ ﯽﮑﻳ ﻑﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﹰﻼﺒﻗ ﯼﺭﻮﻴﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ
ﻡﻮﻠﻋ ﯽﻣﺩﺎﮐﺍ ﺭ ﺩ ﺮﺻﺎﻌﻣ ﻥﺎﻬﺟ ﺭﺩ ﻢﺸﻳﺮﺑﺍ ﻩﺍﺭ ﯼﺎﻴﺣﺍ ﺡﺮﻃ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﮏﻳ ﻦﻤﺿ ﺎﻬﻴﻧﺎﺷﻮﮐ ﯽﻠﻠﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺭﺎ ﻨﻴﻤﻴﺳ ﺭﺩ ﮏﻳﺭﻮﻴﺗ ﺡﺮﻃ
.
ﺪﺷ ﻩﺪﻧﺍﻮﺧ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ
ﺭﺪﻨﺑ ﻭ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﮐﺎﭘ ﯽﺘﻳﺰﻧﺍﺮﺗ ﻩﺍﺭ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﯼﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﯼﺎﻴﺳﺁ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﹰﺎﺻﻮﺼﳐ ﺎﻴﺳﺁ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻘﻄﻨﻣ ﺕﺭﺎﲡ ﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ،ﻕﻮﻓ ﯼﺭﻮﻴﺗ ﺱﺎﺳﺍﺮﺑ
.
ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺖﻳﻮﻫ ﺐﺴﮐ ﺭﺩﺍﻮﮔ
، ﯽﺘﻳﺰﻧﺍﺮﺗ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﮐﺎﭘ ﺭﻮﺸﮐ ﻖﻓﺍﻮﺗ ﻭ ﯽﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺕﺭﺎﲡ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﺩﻮﺷ ﻲﻣ ﻩﺩﺎﻴﭘ ﻞﻤﻋ ﺭﺩ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﭼ ﯼﺭﻮﻴﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻪﮑﻨﻳﺍ
ﯽﻤﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻭ ﺎﻧﻬﻮﺘﻨﻫﻮﭘ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺘﺸﻴﺑ ﻪﳘ ﺯﺍ ،ﯽﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺕﺭﺎﲡ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﮏﻳ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺩﺮﮐ ﺖﻳﻮﻫ ﺐﺴﮐ ﯽﻟﻭ ،ﺩﺩﺮﮕﻴﻣ ﺮﻳﺬﭘ ﻥﺎﮑﻣﺍ
ﯼﺎﺗﻬ ﺭﺍ ﺯﻭ ﻖﻳﺮﻃ ﺯﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﺖﺳﺍ ﯽ ﻠﻤﻋ ﺭﻮﻄﺑ ﯼﺭﻮﻴﺗ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻩﺍﺭ ﺍﺮﻓ ﻪﮐ ﯽﺗﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﺍﺮﻳﺯ ،ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﻁﺎﺒﺗﺭﺍ ﮏﻴﻣﺩﺎﮐﺍ ﻭ ﯽﻤﻠﻋ ﯼﺎﻧﻬﻮﻧﺎﮐ ﻦﻳﺍ
.
ﺪﻧﺯﺍﺩﺮﭙﺑ ﺮﻣﺍ ﻦﻳﺍ ﺭﺩ ﮏﻴﺗﺎﻤﻨﻴﺳ ﺕﺭﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻧﻬﻮﺘﻨﻫﻮﭘ ﯽﻤﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﮑﻨﻳﺍ ﺮﮕﻣ ،ﺩﺩﺮﮔ ﻞﲪ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴﳕ ﯽﻟﺎﻣ ﻭ ﯼﺭﻮﺘﮑﺳ
ﻪﻳﺎﭘ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺭﺩ ﮏﻴﻣﺩﺎﮐﺍ ﻭ ﯽﻤﻠﻋ ﯼﺎﻫ ﺭﺎﮐ ﺯﺎﻏﺁ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻪﺑ ﺪﻧﺍﻮﺘﻴﻣ ﺩﻮﺷ ﯽﻣ ﻮﮕﺘﻔﮔ ﺩﺎﻳﺯ ﻥﺁ ﺯﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺎﻧﻬﻮﺘﻨﻫﻮﭘ ﺭﺩ ﺖﻨﻤﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ
.
ﺩﲑﮔ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﻝﺎﺒﻘﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺎﺘﺳﺍﺭ ﻦﻳﺭﺩ ،ﯽﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺕﺭﺎﲡ ﻢﻬﻣ ﺰﮐﺮﻣ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻪﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯼﺭﻮﻴﺗ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﯽﻤﻠﻋ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﯼﺭﺍﺬﮔ
۱۳۸۳ ﻪﻠﺒﻨﺳ ۱۴ ۱۶ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ، ﻞﺑﺎﮐ ﻪﻴﺑﺮ ﺗ ﻭ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺗ ﻥﻮﺘﻨﻫﻮﭘ ﺕﻮﻗﻮﻣ ﲑﻏ ﯼﱪﺧ ﻪﻳﺮﺸﻧ ؛ ﻥﺎﺷﻭﺭ : ﺯﺍ ﺬﺧﺂﻣ

١٦ ۲۰۰۴ ﺮﺑﻮﺘﮐﺍ ۱ ،ﻡﻮﺳ ﻩﺭﺎﴰ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﱪﺧ
ﺭﺩ ﻖ ـﻴﻘﲢ ﺕﺎـﻋﻮﺒﻄﻣ ﻭ ﺎﻫ ﻩﮊﻭﺮﭘ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻦ ﻳﺮﺗ ﻩﺯﺎﺗ ﯼﺭﻭﺁ ﻊﲨ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺎﴰ ﯼﺭ ﺎﮑﳘ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﺑﺎ ﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ ﻖ ﻴﻘﲢ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ
،ﺕﺎـﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻞ ـﻴ ﺒﻗ ﺯﺍﺪﻳﺪﺟ ﯼﺎﻫ ﻩﮊﻭﺮﭘ ﻉﻮﻧ ﺮﻫ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﹰﺎﻔﻄﻟ .
ﺩﺭﺍﺩ ﺯﺎ ﻴﻧ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓ ﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴ ﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﱪﺧ ﻩﺪﻨ ﻳ ﺁ ﻪیﺮﺸﻧ ﯼﺍﺮﺑ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ
.
ﺪ ـﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﻝﺎـﺳﺭﺍ ﺎـﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﮏ ﻳﺩﺰﻧ ﻩﺪﻨ ﻳ ﺁ ﺭﺩ ﺎﻳ ﻝﺎﺣ ﺭﺩ ﯽﭼ ﻩ ﲑﻏﻭ ﺎﻫ ﯽﺑ ﺎ ﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﺎﻳ / ﻭ ﺖﻧﺮﺘﻧﺍ ﺕﺎﺤﻔﺻ ،ﺲ ﻴﺑﺎﺗﺩ ، ﺕﺎﺷﺭﺍﺰﮔ
: ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﹰﺎﺻﻮﺼﳐ
• ؛ ﯽﺗﺎﻘ ﻴﻘﲢ ﻩﮊﻭﺮﭘ ﻡﺎﻧ
(؛ ﲔﻔﻟﻮﻣ ) ﻒﻟﻮﻣ
؛ ﻩﺩﺮﺸﻓ ﺎ ﻳ ﻦ ﻳﻭﺎﻨﻋ ،ﻑﺪﻫ
•
•
؛ ﺮﺸﻧ ﺦ ﻳﺭﺎﺗ ﻭ ﺕﺪﻣ
ﻩ؛ ﲑﻏ ﻭ ،
URL
،ﺵﺭﺍﺰﮔ ﯽﭘﺎﮐ ﮏ ﻳ
•
•
؛ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﺕﺭﻭﺮﺿ ﻦﮑﳑﺰ ﻴﻧ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﯼﮊﻮﻟﻭﺩﻮﺘﻴﻣ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎ ﻳﺮﻈﻧ
.
ﺪﻧﺭﻭﺁ ﺖﺳﺪﺑ ﻥﺎﺗ ﺮﺘﻓﺩ ﺯﺍ ﺍﺭ ﻖ ﻴﻘﲢ ﻦﻳﺍ ﯽﭘﺎﮐ ﺪﻨﻧﺍﻮ ﺘ ﻴﻣ ﺭﻮﻄﭼ ﺮﮕﻳﺩ ﺹﺎﺨﺷﺍ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻴﻫﺩ ﺕﺎ ﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ
•
•
ﻪﮑﻴﺗﺭﻮﺻ ﺭﺩ ﻭ ، ﺪﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﻝﺎﺳﺭﺍ ۲۰۰۴ ﱪﻤﻴﺳﺩ ۵ ﻪﺒﻨﺸﮑﻳ ﺯﻭﺭ ﺯﺍ ﻞﺒﻗ newsletter@areu.org.pk
ﺱﺭﺩﺁ ﻪﺑ ﺍﺭ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﲔﻨﭼ
: ﺪﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺱﺎﲤ ﻞﻳﺫ ﺱﺭﺩ ﺁ ﺎﺑ ،ﺪﻴﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷﺍﺩ ﯽﻟﺍﻮﺳ
ﺰﻠﻳﺍﻭ ﺲﻳﻭﺭ
ﯽﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃﺍ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﻩﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﮓﻨﻫﺎﳘ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﺑﺎﻳﺯﺭﺍﻭ ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ
( ﻮﻧﻻﻮﭘﺎﭘ ﻭ ﻑﺎﺼﻧﺍ ﻞﺗﻮﻫ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ ) ﯼﺭﺎﺼﻧﺍ ﯽﻫﺍﺭ ﺭﺎﻬﭼ
ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﻞﺑﺎﮐ ،ﻮﻧ ﺮﻬﺷ
Royce@areu.org.pk
+ 93 (0) 70 504 060
ﻭﺭﺪﻧﺍ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ،ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﻭ ﻪـﻴﺗﻬ ﺰﻴﻠﻳﺍﻭ ﺲﻳﻭﺭ ﻭ ﲑﺋﻮﺑ ﯼﺪﻧﺍﺮﺑ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﻦﻳﺍ ﻥﺍﺪﻨﻣﺭﺎﮐ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﺕﺎﻘ ﻴ ﻘﲢ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﱪﺧ
ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ﺪﺣﺍﻭ .
ﺖﺳﺍ ﻩﺪﺷ ﻦﻳﺍﺰﻳﺩ ﻭ ﻪﲨﺮﺗ ﯼﺭﺩ ﻥﺎﺑﺰﺑ ﻕﺭﺎﺷ ﻥﻭﺪﻳﺮﻓ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ ﻭ ﺶﻳﺍﺮﻳﻭ ﻭ ﺢﻴﺤﺼﺗ ﺮﻟﻮﻣ ﺱﺎﻣﻮﺗ ﻭ ﺭﺪﻠﻳﻭ
ﻭ ﯽﺴﻴﻟﺎﭘ ﻞﻴﻬﺴﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ ﺍﺭ ﻞﻴﻤﻌﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻪﮐ ﻩﺩﻮﺑ ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﯽﺗﺎﻘﻴﻘﲢ ﻥﺎﻣﺯﺎﺳ ﮏ ﻳ ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺍ ﯽﺑﺎ ﻳﺯﺭﺍ ﻭ
: ﺪﻴﺋﺎﳕ ﻪﻌﺟﺍﺮﻣ ﻪﺴﺳﻮﻣ ﺖﻳﺎﺳ ﺐﻳﻭ ﻪﺑ ﺕﺍﺮﺸﻧ ﻭ ﺕﺎﻣﺪﺧ ﺩﺭﻮﻣ ﺭﺩ ﺕﺎ www.areu.org.af
ﻣﻮﻠﻌﻣ ﺪﻳﺰﻣ ﺖﻬﺟ .
ﺪﻫﺪﻴﻣ ﻡﺎﳒ ﺕﺍﺍﺮﺟﺍ