A BRIEF NOTE FOR THE 56th COURSE OF THE INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS by Arthur N. Chester and Sergio Martellucci Professor Antonino Zichichi, already very famous for his scientific achievements at CERN, Geneva, in particular the discovery of nuclear antimatter, in 1963 founded the Ettore Majorana Erice Centre. The Centre began in 1963 with the first course of the Erice Subnuclear Physics School, and the Centre now encompasses more than one hundred twenty Schools. Shortly after the discovery of the Laser, Professor Zichichi established the International School of Quantum Electronics (ISQE), dedicated to the physics and technology of lasers. The I.S.Q.E. was established in 1970 and held its first course in 1971 under the direction of Alberto Sona, C.I.S.E., Milan, Italy. From 1972 to 1976 the School was directed by Fortunato T. Arecchi, Professor of Physics at Pavia University, Italy, and since 1980 by Arthur N. Chester, Director of Hughes Research Laboratories, Malibu (California) and Sergio Martellucci, Professor of Physics at Tor Vergata University of Rome, Italy. In the following the CV’s of A.N. Chester and S. Martellucci (Annex 1 and Annex 2) are attached. The proceedings of the courses represent a series of great scientific value, giving a historical record of the evolution of national and international research in the field of Quantum Electronics. A list of the ISQE Course and Workshops is also appended to these remarks for reference, with their Proceedings, if any. Among these, the 2004 ISQE Course marks a milestone in the history of the Laser as well as a milestone in the International School of Quantum Electronics. The 2004 Course commemorated the 40th anniversary of the award of the 1964 Nobel Prize in Physics “for fundamental work in the field of quantum electronics, which has led to the construction of oscillators and amplifiers based on the maser-laser principle.” This award, given to Profs. Charles H. Townes, Nicolay G. Basov and Alexander M. Prokhorov, acknowledged the discovery and early development of masers and lasers, which have so richly benefited both scientific research and practical applications. 2004 also marked the 40th Course of ISQE, which has presented workshops and short courses on almost every aspect of lasers from 1971 through the present 2015 Course. Because of this coincidence of anniversaries, it was decided early in the planning of the 2004 course to set aside time in the program for a ceremony to commemorate the “birthday” of the Laser, with the participation if possible of those who contributed to its initial discovery and development. Unfortunately, Profs Basov and Prokhorov were no longer living; however, Prof. Townes, who later died at the end of January of 2015 at 99 years of age, kindly consented not only to attend the ceremony, but also to give the keynote address. His remarks captured the excitement and energy of the early days of maser and laser research, and also touched on the breadth of applications today. He also pointed out that 2004 was also the 50th year of the operation of the first maser, making that year a threefold anniversary. Prof. Townes is one of the widely respected scientists who came to Erice after being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics. In addition, the 1985 ISQE Workshop on “Progress in Microemulsions” and the 1999 Course on “Bose-Einstein Condensates and Atom Lasers” listed among their participants Prof. Pierre Gilles de Gennes (France) and Wolfgang Ketterle (Germany), two leaders in science who were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics after their participation in the Ettore Majorana Centre activities in Erice. This year’s Course, the 56th Course, is dedicated to the topic “Atoms and Plasmas in Super-Intense Laser Fields” and directed by Professors Dimitri Batani, Université Bordeaux 1, Talence, France, and Matteo Passoni, Politecnico di Milano, Italy. This Course represents the seventh edition on the topic, the first six organised in Erice under the joint direction of Professors Batani and Joachain; their previous Courses were the 30th (July 2000), the 37th (July 2003), the 43rd (July 2003), the 46th (July 2009), the 50th (July 2011), and the 54th (July 2013). Annex 1 CURRICULUM VITAE FOR EACH CO-DIRECTOR SURNAME Chester FIRST NAME(S) Arthur N. Affiliation and official address: Dr. A. N. Chester, 667 Neff Road, Grosse Pointe, Michigan 48230, USA Tel. +1 313 884 9425 – Mobile +1 313 378 0262 – e-mail: chester@alumni.caltech.edu Date and place of birth: August 6, 1940, Washington, USA Nationality: United States Education (degrees, dates, universities) Bachelor of Science in Physics, University of Texas, Austin, USA (1961); Doctor of Philosophy in Theoretical Physics, California Institute of Technology, USA (1965) Career/Employment (employers, positions and dates) During the 1960s and 1970s, Chester conducted research in lasers, optics and microelectronics for AT&T Bell Laboratories (1961 – 1965) and for Hughes Research Laboratories (HRL, 1965 – 1982), becoming Associate Director of HRL in 1975. During 1982 – 1987 he managed a large microelectronics program, Very High Speed Integrated Circuits (VHSIC), for Hughes Aircraft Company. He was Division Manager of Hughes’ largest engineering organization, the Tactical Engineering Division; then Group Vice President of the Hughes Space and Strategic Systems Division. In 1988 he became Senior Vice President for Research and Technology at Hughes Electronics Corporation, and President and General Manager of Hughes Research Laboratories. In 1997 Hughes Electronics was dissolved, and Chester led the conversion of HRL to HRL Laboratories LLC, becoming President of the shared research laboratory jointly owned by Boeing, General Motors and Raytheon. He retired in December 2002, continuing to be active as a director and consultant to privately owned technology companies. Chester is currently hosting the website ArtChester.net, which discusses advances in science that affect society, written for a non-specialist audience. He is also writing fiction about research laboratory life, under the name Art Chester and under the pseudonym Urno Barthel. Specialization (specify) (i) main field Management of Technology (ii) other fields Theory of Lasers (iii) current research interest Technology Management Honours, Awards, Fellowships, Membership in Professional Societies Fellow and Life Member, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1981 – present Fellow and Life Member, Optical Society of America, 1989 – present Distinguished Alumnus, California Institute of Technology, 1997 Elected Senior Fellow, California Council of Science and Technology, 2000 Centennial Medal, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1984 Third Millennium Medal, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2000 Life Member, American Physical Society Life Member, American Association for the Advancement of Science Life Member, Sigma Xi Physics Society Past President, Lasers and Electro-Optics Society of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers CCST Council Member, California Council of Science and Technology (2000 – 2006) Publications - Number of papers in refereed journals: 43 - Books: 22 Annex 2 CURRICULUM VITAE FOR EACH CO-DIRECTOR SURNAME Martellucci FIRST NAME(S) Sergio Affiliation and official address: Prof. S. Martellucci, Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica - Università di Roma “Tor Vergata” Via del Politecnico 1 - 00133 Roma - Italy - Tel. +39 06 72597206 - Telefax +39 06 72597207 - e-mail: smart@uniroma2.it Date and place of birth: April 14, 1937, Rome, Italy Nationality: Italian Education (degrees, dates, universities) Doctoral Degree in Physics, University of Rome, Italy (1960) Post-doctoral Degree in Astrophysics and Plasma Physics, University of Rome, Italy (1965) “LiberaDocenza” in Experimental Physics, University of L’Aquila, Italy (1968). Full Professor of “Physics” (1977). Career/Employment (employers, positions and dates) From 1960 to 1977 he worked with the Italian Agency for Nuclear Energy (now E.N.E.A.) in Frascati (Italy) on the European thermonuclear fusion research program. For his pioneering work in the field of plasma diagnostics by laser and laser fusion he has been called in 1965 to join as senior scientist the A.E.C. Fusion Program, CHALICE Experiment, in the U.S.A. Associate professor of “Quantum Electronics” at the University of L’Aquila (1967 – 1971), and of “Experimental Physics” at the University of Rome (1972 – 1977), he was appointed full professor of “Physics” at the Engineering Faculty of the University of Naples (1977 – 1982), and of the “Tor Vergata” University of Rome (from 1982 to present), where he has been the Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering and of the Department of Physics and Energetics Science and Technology. Retired on November 1st, 2010. Specialization (specify) (i) main field Optics; Quantum Electronics; Astrophysics and Plasma Physics. Controlled Thermonuclear Fusion; Laser Fusion; Optical Diagnostics of Plasmas (ii) other fields Physics and Technology of High Power Lasers; Isotope Enrichment by Laser; Photobiology and Photomedicine; Laser Safety. (iii) current research interests Optoelectronic systems for military defence, environment and informatics; Magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) sounding of the interior of the Earth; Industrial applications of lasers; Consultant to the governmental research funding agencies; X-ray lasers: physics and technology. Honours, Awards, Fellowships, Membership in Professional Societies Member of the Italian Physical Society (SIF) and European Physical Society (EPS) (1960 to present) President of the Quantum Electronics and Plasma Physics National Group (CNR) (1965 to 1970) President (elect) of the National Committee for Physical Sciences of the Italian Research Council (CNR) (1981 to 1988) President of the Scientific Committee of ENEA (2004 to 2009) Knighthood order of merit of the Republic of Poland (1999) Member Scientific Committee of the WORLD LABORATORY (1984 to present) Member of the World Federation of Scientists (1993 to present) Publications - Number of papers in refereed journals: 130 - Number of communications to scientific meetings: 112 - Books: 22 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS Ettore Majorana Foundation and Centre for Scientific Culture INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: F.T. ARECCHI - D. ROESS 1st Course: Physical and Technical Measurements with Lasers - Director: A. SONA 8 - 21 May 1971 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: F.T. ARECCHI - D. ROESS 2nd Course: Nonlinear Optics and Short Laser Pulses - Directors: W. KAISER - O. SVELTO 16 - 29 April 1972 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: F.T. ARECCHI - D. ROESS 3rd Course: Laser Frontiers: Short Wavelengths and High Powers - Directors: P. CALDIROLA - S. RAMSDEN 3 - 16 June 1973 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: F.T. ARECCHI - D. ROESS 4th Course: Co-operative Phenomena in Multi-component Systems - Directors: R. BONIFACIO - H. HAKEN 21 May - 5 June 1974 Proceedings: Cooperative Effects: Progress in Synergetics Editor: H. Haken. Publisher: North-Holland Publishing Company (1974) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: F.T. ARECCHI - D. ROESS 5th Course: Molecular Spectroscopy and Photo-chemistry with Lasers - Directors: F.P. SCHAEFER - A. SONA 25 June - 10 July 1975 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: F.T. ARECCHI - D. ROESS 6th Course: Coherent Optical Engineering 1 - 15 September 1976 Proceedings: Coherent Optical Engineering Editors: F.T. Arecchi and V. Degiorgio. Publisher: North-Holland Publishing Company (1977) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 7th Course: Physics and Technology of Free Electron Lasers 17 - 29 August 1980 Proceedings: Free Electron Lasers Editors: S. Martellucci and A.N. Chester. Publisher: Plenum Press (1983) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 8th Course: Integrated Optics: Physics and Applications. NATO A.S.I. 17 - 29 August 1981 Proceedings: Integrated Optics: Physics and Applications Editors: S. Martellucci and A.N. Chester. Publisher: Plenum Press (1983) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 9th Course: Analytical Laser Spectroscopy. NATO A.S.I. 23 September - 3 October 1982 Proceedings: Analytical Laser Spectroscopy Editors: S. Martellucci and A.N. Chester. Publisher: Plenum Press (1985) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI Workshop on: Hybrid Ray Mode Formulation of Wave Propagation 25 - 27 September 1982 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 10th Course: Laser Applications to Medicine and Biology 4 - 16 September 1983 Proceedings: Laser Photobiology and Photomedicine Editors: S. Martellucci and A.N. Chester. Publisher: Plenum Press (1985) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI Workshop on: Optical Phase Conjugation 24 - 30 March 1984 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI Workshop: Progress in Microemulsions 26 October - 1 November 1985 Proceedings: Progress in Microemulsions Editors: S. Martellucci and A.N. Chester. Publisher: Plenum Press (1989) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 11th Workshop: Optical Fiber Sensors. NATO A.S.I. 2 - 10 May 1986 Proceedings: Optical Fiber Sensors Editors: A.N. Chester, S. Martellucci and A.M. VergaScheggi. Publisher: MartinusNijhoff Publishers (1987) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 12th Course: Laser Science and Technology 11 - 19 May 1987 Proceedings: Laser Science and Technology Editors: A.N. Chester, V.S. Letokhov and S. Martellucci. Publisher: Plenum Press (1988) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 13th Course: Non Linear Optics and Optical Computing 11 - 19 May 1988 Proceedings: Nonlinear Optics and Optical Computing Editors: S. Martellucci and A.N. Chester. Publisher: Plenum Press (1990) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 14th Course: Optoelectronics for Environmental Science – Directors: V.S. LETOKHOV - A.M. SCHEGGI 3 - 12 September 1989 Proceedings: Optoelectronics for Environmental Sciences Editors: S. Martellucci and A.N. Chester. Publisher: Plenum Press (1991) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 15th Course: Laser Systems for Photobiology and Photomedicine. NATO A.S.I. 11 - 20 May 1990 Proceedings: Laser Systems for Photobiology and Photomedicine Editors: S. Martellucci, A.N. Chester and A.M. Scheggi. Publisher: Plenum Press (1991) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 16th Course: Phase Transitions in Liquid Crystals 2- 12 May 1991 Proceedings: Phase Transitions in Liquid Crystals Editors: S. Martellucci and A.N. Chester. Publisher: Plenum Press (1992) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 17th Course: Laser Applications for Mechanical Industry. NATO A.S.I. - Directors: L. PERA - A.M. SCHEGGI 4 - 16 April 1992 Proceedings: Laser Applications for Mechanical Industry Editors: S. Martellucci, A.N. Chester and A.M. Scheggi. Publisher: Kluwer Academic Publishers (1993) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.S. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 18th Course: Advances in Integrated Optics - Directors: M. BERTOLOTTI - G.C. RIGHINI 1 - 9 June l993 Proceedings: Advances in Integrated Optics Editors: S. Martellucci, A.N. Chester and M. Bertolotti. Publisher: Plenum Press (1994) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 19th Course: Biomedical Optical Instrumentation and Laser-assisted Biotechnology. NATO A.S.I.- Directors: R. PRATESI - A.M. SCHEGGI 10 - 22 November 1995 Proceedings: Biomedical Optical Instrumentation and Laser-Assisted Biotechnology Editors: A.M. VergaScheggi, S. Martellucci, A.N. Chester and R. Pratesi. Publisher: Kluwer Academic (1996) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Director: S. MARTELLUCCI 20th Course: Diffractive Optics and Optical Microsystems - Directors: F. GORI - G.C. RIGHINI 14 - 24 November 1996 Proceedings: Diffractive Optics and Optical Microsystems Editors: S. Martellucci and A.N. Chester. Publisher: Plenum Press (1997) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 21st Course: Global Automotive Technology. Senior Management Briefing - Director: M. NASIM UDDIN 27 - 31 July 1997 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 22nd Course: Optical Sensors and Microsystems: New Concepts, Materials Technologies – Directors: A. DOMANSKY – A.G. MIGNANI 27 November - 2 December 1997 Proceedings: Optical Sensors and Microsystems: New Concepts, Materials Technologies Editors: S. Martellucci, A.N. Chester and A.G. Mignani. Publisher: Plenum Press (2000) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 23rd Workshop: Excimer Lasers for Fusion and Industrial Application - Director: M.J. SHAW 29 November - 4 December 1997 Proceedings: Excimer Lasers for Fusion and Industrial Applications (Abstracts Collection) Editors: L. Cemoli and S. Martellucci. Publisher: University of Rome “Tor Vergata” (to be reproduced upon request) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 24th Course: Advances in Optoelectronics for Environmental Monitoring - Director: C. BELLECCI 16 - 22 November 1998 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 25th Course: Observational Data Base and Mechanisms of Climate - Director: G.P. GREGORI 21 - 27 November 1998 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI Workshop: Monitoring Black Sea Environmental Conditions – Directors: R.C. RAGAINI - S. MARTELLUCCI 27 February - 3 March 1999 Proceedings: Monitoring Black Sea Environmental Conditions Editor: L. Krueger. Publisher: The World Federation of Scientists (1999) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 27th Course: Bose-Einstein Condensates and Atom Lasers - Directors: A. ASPECT - M. INGUSCIO 19 - 28 October 1999 Proceedings: Bose-Einstein Condensates and Atom Lasers Editors: S. Martellucci, A.N. Chester, A. Aspect and M. Inguscio. Publisher: Kluwer Academic/Plenum (2000) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 28th Course: Laser Beam and Optics Characterization (LBOC5) - Directors: N. RENG - H. WEBER 20 - 25 March 2000 Proceedings: The 5th International Workshop on Laser Beam and Optics Characterization Editors: H. Laabs and H. Weber. Publisher: Technische Universität Berlin – Optical Institute (2000) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 29th Course: Nanoscale Linear and Non-linear Optics - Directors: M. BERTOLOTTI - C.M. BOWDEN - R. HORAK 2 - 14 July 2000 Proceedings: Nanoscale Linear and Nonlinear Optics Editors: M. Bertolotti, C.M. Bowden and C. Sibilia. Publisher: American Institute of Physics (2001) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 30th Course: Atoms, Solids and Plasmas in Super-Intense Laser Fields - Directors: D. BATANI - C.J. JOACHAIN 8 - 14 July 2000 Proceedings: Atoms, Solids and Plasmas in Super-Intense Laser Fields Editors: D. Batani, C. Joachain, S. Martellucci and A.N. Chester. Publisher: Kluwer Academic/Plenum (2001) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 31st Course: Global Automotive Laser Applications - Directors: F.A. DI PIETRO - J. MAZUMDER 1 - 7 August 2001 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 32nd Course: Optical Coatings: Theory, Production and Characterization - Directors: E. MASETTI - D. RISTAU 22 - 28 September 2001 Proceedings: Optical Coatings: Theory, Production and Characterization Editors: E. Masetti, D. Ristau and A. Krasilnikova. Publisher: ENEA, Unità Comunicazione (2003) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 34th Course: Laser Spectroscopy - Directors: G. FERRANTE - S. MARTELLUCCI 6 - 13 July 2002 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 35th Course: Free and GuidedOptical Beams- Directors: M. SANTARSIERO – J. TURUNEN 20 - 27 November 2002 Proceedings: Free and Guided Optical Beams Editors: S. Martellucci and M. Santarsiero. Publisher: World Scientific (2004) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS – Directors: A.N. CHESTER – S. MARTELLUCCI 36th Course: Advances in Quantum Information Processing: from Theory to Experiments Directors: S.F. HUELGA – C. MACCHIAVELLO – G.M. PALMA – M.B. PLENIO 15 – 22 March 2003 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 37th Course: Atoms, Solids and Plasmas in Super-Intense Laser Fields - Directors: D. BATANI - C.J. JOACHAIN 5 - 15 July 2003 Proceedings: Atoms and Plasmas in Super-Intense Laser Fields Editors: D. Batani, C. Joachain and S. Martellucci. Publisher: EditriceCompositori, Bologna (2004) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 38th Course: Spectroscopic Techniques for Materials, Environment and Cultural Heritage Directors: N. OMENETTO - V. PALLESCHI 5 - 15 July 2003 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 39th Course: Microresonators as Building Blocks for VLSI Photonics Directors: M. BERTOLOTTI – A. DRIESSEN – F. MICHELOTTI 18 - 25 October 2003 Proceedings: Microresonators as Building Blocks for VLSI Photonics Editors: F. Michelotti, A. Driessen and M. Bertolotti. Publisher: American Institute of Physics (2004) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 40th Course: Optical Chemical Sensors. NATO A.S.I. Directors: F. BALDINI – J. HOMOLA 29 July – 10 August 2004 Proceedings: Optical Chemical Sensors Editors: F. Baldini, A.N. Chester, J. Homola and S. Martellucci. Publisher: Kluwer Academic NATO A.S.I. series (2006). INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 41st Course: Molecular Physics and Plasmas in Hypersonics. Directors: M. CAPITELLI – D. GIORDANO 1-7 August 2005 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 42nd Course: Photonics Metamaterials: from Micro to Nano Scale. Directors: C. SIBILIA - D.S. WIERSMA 1-7 August 2005 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 43rd Course: Matter in Super-Intense Laser Fields. Directors: D. BATANI – C.J. JOACHAIN 27 June – 5 July 2006 Proceedings : Matter in Super-Intense Laser Fields (CD electronic format) Editors: S. Martellucci and M. Tonti. Publisher: University of Rome “Tor Vergata” (to be reproduced upon request) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 44th Course: Advances in Nanophotonics II. Directors: C. SIBILIA - D.S. WIERSMA 22 June - 2 July 2007 Proceedings: Advances in Nanophotonics II Editors: C. Sibilia and D.S. Wiersma. Publisher: American Institute of Physics (2007) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 45th Course: Optical Biosensors and Biochips for Clinical Applications. Directors: F. BALDINI 28 June – 3 July 2008 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 46th Course: Atoms and Plasmas in Super-Intense Laser Fields. Directors: D. BATANI – C.J. JOACHAIN 10 – 16 July 2009 Proceedings : Matter in Super-Intense Laser Fields (CD electronic format) Editors : S.Martellucci and M. Tonti (to be reproduced upon request) INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 47th Course: Advances on NanoPhotonics III Directors: C. SIBILIA – M. BERTOLOTTI – C. SOTOMAYOR TORRES – D. WIERSMA 11 – 18 July 2010 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 48th Workshop: Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena Directors: R. LI VOTI – A. MANDELIS 11 – 18 July 2010 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 49th Course: Radiowave Propagation Directors: A. MARTELLUCCI – C. RIVA 7 – 20 November 2010 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 50th Course: Matter in Super-Intense Laser Fields Directors: D. BATANI - C. JOACHAIN 14 – 24 July 2011 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 51st Course: Second Mediterranean International Photoacoustic and Photothermal Phenomena: Focus on Biomedical and Nanoscale Imaging and NDE Directors: R. LI VOTI – A. MANDELIS 19 – 26 April 2012 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 52nd Course: Advances on Nanophotonics IV Directors: C. SIBILIA – F.A. BOVINO – M. BERTOLOTTI 17 – 29 July 2012 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 53rd Course: Molecular Physics and Plasmas in Hypersonics: II Directors: D. BRUNO – M. CAPITELLI – A. LARICCHIUTA 8 – 15 September 2012 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 54th Course: Matter in Super-Intense Laser Fields: VI Directors: D. BATANI - C. JOACHAIN 21 – 31 July 2013 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 55th Course: Third Mediterranean International Photoacoustic & Photothermal Phenomena: Focus on Biomedical and Nanoscale Imaging and NDE Directors: R. LI VOTI – A. MANDELIS 5 – 12 October 2014 INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS - Directors: A.N. CHESTER - S. MARTELLUCCI 56th Course: Atoms and Plasmas in Super-Intense Laser Fields VII Directors: D. BATANI – M. PASSONI 12 – 22 July 2015