The 13th IEEE VTS Asia Pacific Wireless Communications
Symposium
Final Program & Abstracts
IEEE VTS APWCS 2016
August 25-26, 2016
Tokyo City University
Tokyo, Japan
Technical Sponsors
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Vehicular Technology
Society (VTS)
IEEE VTS Tokyo Chapter
IEEE VTS Seoul Chapter
IEEE VTS Taipei Chapter
IEEE VTS Singapore Chapter
Financial Sponsors
The Telecommunications Advancement Foundation
KDDI Foundation
Support Center for Advanced Telecommunications Technology Research, Foundation
(SCAT)
*Photograph on the front cover is licensed by Tokyo Tower.
Table of Contents
Welcome Message from the General Chairs ---------------------------------------------- 2
Welcome Message from the Technical Program Committee Chairs ------------------- 3
Organizing Committee ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
Board of Governors --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5
Technical Program Committee -------------------------------------------------------------- 6
Program at a Glance --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7
Venue of Conference --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8
Sponsors --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12
Keynote Speech ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 13
Invited Speech 1 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 14
Invited Speech 2 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 15
Invited Speech 3 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 16
Invited Speech 4 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 18
Technical Program -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 19
Paper Abstracts ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 31
Author Index -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 64
1
Welcome Message from the General Chairs
On behalf of the organizing committee of the 13th IEEE VTS Asia Pacific Wireless Communications
Symposium (IEEE VTS APWCS 2016), we welcome you to the Tokyo City University in Tokyo, Japan.
IEEE VTS APWCS 2016 is technically sponsored by the IEEE Vehicular Technology Society (VTS), and
jointly sponsored by the IEEE VTS Japan Chapter, Seoul Chapter, Taipei Chapter, and Singapore Chapter.
The APWCS conference aims to promote the exchange of technical information and improve collaboration
among researchers, scholars, engineers, and leaders who are working in the mobile and wireless
communication fields, particularly in the Asia Pacific region.
The Technical Program Committee (TPC) has worked enthusiastically to create a comprehensive program
including a keynote speech, four invited speeches, four special sessions, and twenty regular sessions. The
distinguished keynote speaker and the four invited speakers will be giving informative speeches that show
the requirements, technical trends, and the key technologies for the future 5th generation (5G) mobile
communications. In the four special sessions, the 20 professors and experts engaged in 3GPP standardization
activities will address the leading-edge wireless technologies for 5G mobile communications. The 95
accepted papers are grouped into 20 regular sessions that cover technical fields including antenna and
propagation, microwave devices, non-orthogonal multiple access, physical layer techniques, signal
processing, resource management, mmWave communications, heterogeneous networks, cognitive radio,
wireless networks, wireless ad hoc and sensor networks, machine type communications, and optical/visible
light communications.
We are most grateful to our TPC members, special session organizers, and all the reviewers for their great
effort for the conference. We express our heartfelt thanks to the keynote and invited speakers for sharing
their excellent expertise and insights on the technical trends, standardization, and development for future
mobile and wireless communications. We are also grateful to the members of the International Board of
Governance for their expert advice and kind support.
We hope that you enjoy the technical programs, take the opportunity to renew old friendships, and create
new ones to foster future collaborations among the VTS based community members in the Asia Pacific
region.
We look forward to seeing you at IEEE VTS APWCS 2016!
Mamoru Sawahashi (General Chair)
Tokyo City University, Japan
Jun Heo (General Co-Chair)
Korea University, Korea
Jen-Yeu Chen (General Co-Chair)
National Dong-Hwa University, Taiwan
Boon-Hee Soong (General Co-Chair)
Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
2
Welcome Message from the Technical Program Committee Chairs
On behalf of the Technical Program Committee (TPC), it is our great pleasure to welcome you to the 2016
IEEE Vehicular Technology Society Asia Pacific Wireless Communications Symposium (IEEE VTS APWCS
2016) to take place in Tokyo, Japan.
This year, we have organized plenary sessions, special sessions, and regular oral sessions for the symposium.
In the plenary sessions, following the symposium traditions, we have invited Mr. Takehiro Nakamura, Vice
President, Management Director of 5G Laboratory of NTT DOCOMO INC. as a keynote speaker from
Tokyo Chapter, and invited four speakers, Prof. Inkyu Lee of Korea University from Seoul Chapter, Dr. Li
Fung Chang of DoIT/MoEA in Taiwan from Taipei Chapter, Dr. Feng Bao of Huawei Technologies from
Singapore Chapter, and Dr. Fumio Watanabe of KDDI R&D Laboratories Inc. from Tokyo Chapter for the
invited talks. They will give us exciting and inspiring presentations on wide views of the technical front and
next wave of our technical society.
We have also organized four special sessions comprising 20 invited papers aiming at sharing the ideas of new
technical trends among all the participants in this symposium. The organized sessions are 5G Vision,
Standardization, and Air Interface, R&D Activities for 5G Mobile Communications, Massive MIMO
Technology for 5G, and Heterogeneous Network for 5G Multi-RAT.
The regular oral sessions have been also successfully organized. This year, we have received 137 paper
submissions. After extensive and strict peer-reviews, we have accepted 95 high-quality papers that cover a
broad range of important and timely issues related to state-of-art wireless communications technologies.
These papers have been grouped into 20 sessions, ranging from antenna and propagation, microwave devices,
modulation and coding, signal processing, massive MIMO, non-orthogonal multiple access, resource
management, mmWave communications, heterogeneous networks, cognitive radio, wireless ad hoc and
sensor networks, IoT for machine type communications, and optical/visible light communications.
This impressive technical program would not be possible without voluntary support from an outstanding
team of colleagues that we would like to thank strongly. Special thanks go to the TPC members for their
professional and timely review of technical contributions. We would also thank special session organizers
who devoted themselves to every necessary management for the sessions including the invitation of speakers
and review process.
Of course, making a successful symposium is not possible without active participations of the paper authors.
We would like to express our gratitude to the paper authors for having decided to present and share their
valuable ideas and contributions to our community. Finally, we would like to thank the IEEE VTS APWCS
2016 Organizing Committee members for their full support.
We look forward to seeing all of you in Tokyo, Japan, this coming August.
Kenichi Higuchi (TPC Chair)
Tokyo University of Science, Japan
Shinsuke Ibi (TPC Co-Chair)
Osaka University, Japan
Een-Kee Hong (TPC Co-Chair)
Kyung Hee University, Korea
Hung-Yu Wei (TPC Co-Chair)
National Taiwan University, Taiwan
Chau Yuen (TPC Co-Chair)
Singapore University of Technology and Design, Singapore
3
Organizing Committee
General Chair
Mamoru Sawahashi
Tokyo City University
Japan
Jun Heo
Korea University
Korea
Jen-Yeu Chen
National Dong-Hua University.
Taiwan
Boon-Hee Soong
Nanyang Technological University
Singapore
Tokyo University of Science
Japan
Shinsuke Ibi
Osaka University
Japan
Een-Kee Hong
Kyung Hee University
Korea
Hung-Yu Wei
National Taiwan University
Singapore University of Technology and Design
(SUTD)
Taiwan
NTT DOCOMO INC.
Japan
NTT DOCOMO INC.
Japan
General Co-Chairs
Technical Program Chair
Kenichi Higuchi
Technical Program Co-Chairs
Chau Yuen
Singapore
Special Session Chair
Satoshi Suyama
Finance Chair
Hiroyuki Kawai
Finance Co-Chairs
Ji-Hoon Yun
Seoul National University of Science & Technology Korea
Chuan-Ming Liu
National Taipei University of Technology
Taiwan
Mingtuo Zhou
NICT
Singapore
Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
Japan
Oh-Soon Shin
Soongsil University
Korea
Jen-Jee Chen
National University of Tainan
The University of Electro-Communications
(Formerly I2R)
Taiwan
Tadatomo Sato
Tokyo City University
Japan
Kohei Ohno
Meiji University
Japan
Keisuke Saito
NTT DOCOMO INC.
Japan
Publicity and Publication Chair
Akinori Taira
Publicity Co-Chairs
Koichi Adachi
Japan
Local Arrangement Chairs
4
Board of Governors
Fumiyuki Adachi
Youngnam Han
Japan
Korea
Takeshi Hattori
Nak-Myeong Kim
Jae Hong Lee
Ying-Chang Liang
Tohoku University
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
(KAIST)
Sophia University
Ewha Womans University
Seoul National University
Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)
Seiichi Sampei
Sumei Sun
Osaka University
Institute for Infocomm Research (I2R)
Japan
Singapore
Yu-Chee Tseng
Li-Chun Wang
Yoshihiko Akaiwa
(honorary member)
Susumu Yoshida
(honorary member)
National Chiao Tung University
National Chiao Tung University
Formerly Kyushu University, The University of
Taiwan
Taiwan
Japan
Japan
Korea
Korea
Singapore
Electro-Communications
Kyoto University
Japan
5
Technical Program Committee Members
Koichi Adachi
Kushal Anand
Seung Baek
Seok-Ho Chang
Chiao-En Chen
Jen-Jee Chen
Min-Xiou Chen
Whai-En Chen
Sunghyun Choi
Young-June Choi
Satoshi Denno
Takeo Fujii
Hiromasa Habuchi
Shiying Han
Kazunori Hayashi
Masayuki Hoshino
Chih-Lin Hu
Chih-Wei Huang
Jane-Hwa Huang
Wan-Jen Huang
Takamichi Inoue
Shiann-Shiun Jeng
Jingon Joung
Suguru Kameda
Dongwoo Kim
Jae-Hyun Kim
Junsu Kim
Sun Yong Kim
Meng-Lin Ku
Ernest Kurniawan
Inkyu Lee
Jang-Won Lee
Jong-Ho Lee
Wen-Tai Li
Shao-Yu Lien
Chun-Cheng Lin
Ding-Bing Lin
Guan-Yu Lin
Hai Lin
Chuan-Ming Liu
Lei Liu
Ran Liu
Xiao Bei Liu
Jiangbin Lyu
Fumiaki Maehara
Manabu Mikami
Nobuhiko Miki
Kazuo Mori
Hidekazu Murata
Osamu Muta
Toshihiko Nishimura
Tatsunori Obara
Tomoaki Ohtsuki
Hiraku Okada
Eiji Okamoto
Akihiro Okazaki
Takeshi Onizawa
Takahiko Saba
Yukitoshi Sanada
6
Hiroyuki Seki
Shin-Lin Shieh
Byonghyo Shim
Hyundong Shin
Oh-Soon Shin
Won-Yong Shin
Yoan Shin
Jaewoo So
Sumei Sun
Osamu Takyu
Tomoya Tandai
Hua-Lung Tsai
Jung-Tsung Tsai
Chih-Cheng Tseng
Hideyuki Uehara
Chih-Yu Wang
Tsang-Yi Wang
Wenwen Wang
Chao-Kai Wen
Jiyan Wu
Chiharu Yamazaki
Ping Yang
Kazuto Yano
Kai Yen
Kazunari Yokomakura
Seokhyun Yoon
Chao-Tang Yu
Shuowen Zhang
Ming-Tuo Zhou
Program at a Glance
17:00 - 18:00
18:00 - 20:00
8:10 - 9:00
9:00 - 9:10
9:10 - 9:50
9:50 - 10:30
10:30 - 10:50
10:50 - 12:30
12:30 - 14:00
14:00 - 15:40
15:40 - 16:00
16:00 - 17:40
18:00 - 20:00
8:20 - 8:50
8:50 - 9:30
9:30 - 10:10
10:10 - 10:50
10:50 - 11:10
11:10 - 12:50
12:50 - 14:10
14:10 - 15:50
15:50 - 16:10
16:10 - 17:50
Wednesday 24 August
Registration (Lounge Oak, 4F Building 1)
Welcome Reception (Lounge Oak, 4F Building 1)
Thursday 25 August
Registration (Lobby, 1F Building 2)
Welcome Addresses (21C)
Invited Speech 1 (21C) : Dr. Fumio Watanabe, Chairman of the Board of Directors, KDDI R&D Laboratories Inc., CTO, UQ Communications Inc., Japan
Invited Speech 2 (21C) : Prof. Inkyu Lee, School of Elec. Eng., Korea University, Korea
Coffee Break
Special Session 1 : 5G Vision, Standardization, and Air Interface (21C), Organizer: Dr. Satoshi Suyama, NTT DOCOMO INC., Japan
Special Session 2 : R&D Activities for 5G Mobile Communications (22C), Organizer: Prof. Hidekazu Murata, Kyoto University, Japan
Lunch
A1: Signal Processing for
A3: Modulation and Coding
A4: mmWave
A5: Heterogeneous Networks I
A2: Relaying I (21B)
Communications I (21A)
I (21C)
Communications (22A)
(22B)
Coffee Break
B1: Non-orthogonal
B4: Heterogeneous
B5: Cognitive Radio and
B2: Sensor Networks (21B)
B3: Massive MIMO (21C)
Multiple Access (21A)
Networks II (22A)
Wireless Ad hoc Networks (22B)
Dinner Banquet (Memorial Hall, 4F Building 3)
Friday 26 August
Registration (Lobby, 1F Building 2)
Keynote Speech : Mr. Takehiro Nakamura, Vice President, Management Director, 5G Laboratory, NTT DOCOMO INC., Japan
Invited Speech 3 (21C) : Dr. Li Fung Chang, Chief Architect, 5G Program Office, DoIT/MoEA, Taiwan
Invited Speech 4 (21C) : Dr. Feng Bao, Director of Security and Privacy Lab, Huawei Technologies, Singapore
Coffee Break
Special Session 3 : Massive MIMO Technology for 5G (21C), Organizer: Prof. Takeo Ohgane, Hokkaido University, Japan
Special Session 4 : Heterogeneous Network for 5G Multi-RAT (22C), Organizer: Prof. Kei Sakaguchi, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
Lunch
C1: IoT for Machine Type
C2: Optical/Visible Light
C3: Resource Management
C4: Signal Processing for
C5: Modulation and Coding II
Communications (21A)
Communications (21B)
(21C)
Communications II (22A)
(22B)
Coffee Break
D1: Antenna and
D2: Channel Estimation
D3: Heterogeneous Networks
D4: Wireless Networks
Propagation, and Microwave
D5: Relaying II (22B)
(21B)
III (21C)
(22A)
Devices (21A)
7
Venue of Conference
1.
Maps of the major railway stations of Tokyu Lines, JR Lines, and Keikyu Line
The conference venue is Tokyo City University, Setagaya Campus, which is located in Setagaya
ward in the southern part of Tokyo. The campus is approximately 10 kilometers from Haneda Tokyo
International Airport as the crow flies.
The Setagaya campus of Tokyo City University is approximately 15 minutes walking distance
from Oyamadai Station on the Tokyu Ōimachi Line. Oyamadai Station is 3 stops from
Futako-Tamagawa Station which is on the Tokyu Den-en-toshi Line and Tokyu Ōimachi Line.
Futako-Tamagawa Station is approximately 10 minutes by express train on the Tokyu Den-en-toshi
Line from Shibuya Station. Oyamadai Station is also 2 stops from Jiyūgaoka Station which is on the
Tokyu Toyoko Line and Tokyu Ōimachi Line. Jiyūgaoka Station is approximately 10 minutes by
super-express train on the Tokyu Toyoko Line from Shibuya Station.
When you come to the university by a taxi, we recommend taking a taxi at Jiyūgaoka Station or
Den-en-chofu Station on the Tokyu Toyoko Line. There is no taxi stand at Oyamadai Station.
To Narita
Nippori
Ikebukuro
Shinjuku
JR Yamanote Line
Tokyo
Shibuya
Meguro
Gotanda
Shinagawa
Tokyu
Den-en-toshi Line
Keikyu Line
FutakoTamagawa
Oyamadai
Hatanodai
Jiyūgaoka
Ōimachi
Tokyu Ōimachi Line
By walking
By Taxi
To Nagatsuta
Ōokayama
TCU
Den-en-chofu
Tokyu Toyoko Line
Tokyu Meguro Line
To Yokohama
To Haneda
Tokyu Ikegami Line
JR Kehin Tohoku Line
To Yokohama
Maps of the major railway stations of Tokyu Lines, JR Lines, and Keikyu Line.
8
The times from Oyamadai Station to major stations are as follows.
3 min. local train
Jiyūgaoka
Station
Tokyu Ōimachi Line
Futako-Tawagawa
Station
Ōimachi
Station
Shinagawa
Station
Oyamadai
Station
6 min. local train
Oyamadai
Station
Tokyu Ōimachi Line
20 min. local train
Oyamadai
Station
Tokyu Ōimachi Line
3 min. local train
JR Keihin Tohoku Line
Shibuya
Station
10 min. super-express train
Meguro
Station
6 min. local train
Tokyu Toyoko Line
Tokyu Meguro Line
Ōimachi
Station
Jiyūgaoka
Station
Ōokayama
Station
20 min. local train
Tokyu Ōimachi Line
3 min. local train
Tokyu Ōimachi Line
6 min. local train
Tokyu Ōimachi Line
Oyamadai
Station
Oyamadai
Station
Oyamadai
Station
The way from Tokyo Oyamadai Station to the Setagaya campus of TCU
The way from Tokyu Oyamadai Station to the TCU Setagaya campus is shown below.
2.
9
3.
Campus map of the Setagaya campus of TCU
Building 3
Banquet room (4F)
Building 1
Welcome reception (4F)
BoG meeting room (1F)
Building 2
Venue of conference
(1F & 2F)
From Oyamadai Station
of Tokyo Ōimachi Line
10
Floor map of Building 2: Setagaya campus of TCU
 2nd floor
Rest
room
Gentlemen
Ladies
Elevator
To Building 3
22B
22C
22A
 1st floor
To Building 3
Gentlemen
Ladies
Registration
desk
Rest
room
Elevator
4.
21B
21C
To the
2nd floor
21A
Entrance
11
Technical Sponsors
The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Vehicular Technology
Society (VTS)
IEEE VTS Tokyo Chapter
IEEE VTS Seoul Chapter
IEEE VTS Taipei Chapter
IEEE VTS Singapore Chapter
Financial Sponsors
The Telecommunications Advancement Foundation
KDDI Foundation
Support Center for Advanced Telecommunications Technology Research, Foundation
(SCAT)
12
Keynote Speech
5G Deployment in 2020 and Beyond
(Friday 26 August, 8:50 - 9:30, Room: 21C)
Mr. Takehiro Nakamura
Vice President, Management Director of 5G Laboratory,
NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan
Abstract
5G is one of the hot topics in ICT industry and academia. So many deliverables have been
published and reported by many 5G research activities so far. On the other hand, we are shifting to
development phase toward 5G commercial deployment. Major ICT industry companies including
NTT DOCOMO have already announced their aggressive time plan to launch 5G. Standardization
work is on-going to specify 5G specifications in 2017-2018. NTT DOCOMO has been so active for
5G research and development to launch 5G commercial service in 2020. In this presentation,
DOCOMO’s views on time plan, NW deployment & migration scenarios, spectrum deployment
scenarios for 5G deployment in 2020 and beyond will be provided. And updates on DOCOMO’s 5G
trial activities will be presented, also.
Biography
Mr. Nakamura has been working for research and development of the W-CDMA, HSPA,
LTE/LTE-Advanced and 5G technologies.
He has been engaged in the standardization activities in Japan. He is currently the Acting
Chairman of the Strategy & Planning Committee in 5G Mobile Communication Promotion Forum
(5GMF) in Japan.
He has been contributing to standardization activities in 3GPP since1999. He had contributed to
3GPP TSG-RAN as a chairman during April 2009 to March 2013.
13
Invited Speech 1
Innovative strategies to tackle real challenges of future mobile systems
and services
(Thursday 25 August, 9:10 - 9:50, Room: 21C)
Dr. Fumio Watanabe
Chairman, KDDI R&D Laboratories Inc.,
CTO, UQ Communications Inc., Japan
Abstract
“5G” mobile networks are required to cope with diverse requirements not only enhanced mobile
broadband but also massive-machine type communication and ultra-reliable/low latency
communication. How “5G” network can be super flexible would be the most essential. Existing
operators will use “5G” with existing networks, e.g. 3G, 4G, Wi-Fi, etc., heterogeneously to avoid
huge additional CAPEX. Simultaneous and seamless operation with 5G and existing networks
would be also quite important for operators. How smoothly migrate to new generation will be the
key challenge.
Software defined networking is undoubtedly one of the key for next generation network
expecting flexibility, scalability, cost reduction, rapid service provisioning, and etc. However,
SDN is really challenging from a view point of operators to handle huge scale of the network and
devices.
This talk will examine these expectations and challenges from an operator’s perspective. And it
will cover typical approaches how to effectively apply “5G” and SDN to commercial networks.
Biography
Dr. Watanabe has 40 years of experience in research and development of satellite and mobile
communication systems including IMT-2000, IMT-Advanced, WiMAX and 5G. He has been active
for a long time in international standardization of mobile communication systems in ITU-R.
He joined KDD in 1980. He was an Executive Director, General Manager of KDDI from 2006
responsible for mobile radio access networks and R&D activities. He is now the Chairman of KDDI
R&D Laboratories Inc. He is also CTO of UQ Communications Inc.
He received Piero Fanti International Prize in 1989, the R & D Awards of Radio Systems in 1991,
the meritorious Awards on ITU activities in 2001, the Commendation for Science and Technology by
the Minister of Education in 2010, and Maejima memorial Awards in 2013, respectively. He is the
chairman of Broadband Wireless Access Committee in ARIB. He is a Fellow of IEICE.
14
Invited Speech 2
Wireless Energy Transfer Techniques based on RF Signals
(Thursday 25 August, 9:50 - 10:30, Room: 21C)
Prof. Inkyu Lee
School of Elec. Eng., Korea University, Korea
Abstract
Recently, radio frequency (RF) signals have been considered as a new energy source for electronic
equipments. In this talk, I will describe wireless energy transfer systems based on RF signals,
namely simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) and wireless powered
communication networks (WPCN).
First, several wireless energy transfer techniques will be introduced which utilize
communication links for conveying energy to end users. Then, I will present a new technology
which allows energy transfer in a multi-cell environment. Finally I will discuss challenges in
research on wireless energy transfer systems and examine the possibility of application in future
communication systems.
Biography
Prof. Inkyu Lee received the B.S. (Hons.) degree in control and instrumentation engineering from
Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in electrical
engineering from Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA, in 1990, 1992, and 1995, respectively.
From 1995 to 2001, he was a Member of Technical Staff with Bell Laboratories, Lucent
Technologies, Murray Hill, NJ, USA, where he studied high-speed wireless system designs Since
September 2002, he has been with Korea University, Seoul, South Korea, where he is currently a
Professor of Electrical Engineering. He has authored over 130 journal papers in the IEEE and has
30 U.S. patents granted or pending. His research interests include digital communications, signal
processing, and coding techniques applied for next-generation wireless systems. He has served as
an Associate Editor of the IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS, and the IEEE
TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, and the Chief Guest Editor of the IEEE
JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS (special issue on 4G Wireless
Systems). He was the recipient of the Best Paper Award at the IEEE VTC in 2009. He was also the
recipient of the Best Research Award from the Korea Information and Communications Society in
2011 and the Best Young Engineer Award from the National Academy of Engineering in Korea
(NAEK) in 2013. He has been elected as a member of NAEK in 2015. He is an IEEE fellow.
15
Invited Speech 3
5G & The Industrial IoT
(Friday 26 August, 9:30 - 10:10, Room: 21C)
Dr. Li Fung Chang
Chief Architect, 5G Program Office, DoIT/MoEA, Taiwan
Abstract
Unlike its predecessors, 2G, 3G or 4G cellular system, which focus on delivering voice, packet
data and multimedia services to subscribers, future 5G network is envisioned to provide different
vertical applications via one core network. Furthermore, it is expected to connect everything with
diverse QoS requirements, everywhere to the Internet anytime.
On Feb. 2015, ITU-R has defined three use cases for 5G, namely, eMBB (enhanced Mobile
BroadBand), mMTC (massive Machine Type Communication) and uMTC (ultra-reliable MTC). It
has also identified 8 KPI such as throughput, peak data rate, latency, energy efficiency, spectrum
efficiency, connection density and system capacity. For each service/application, a set of KPIs is
associated with it. In 3GPP 5G workshop held in Phoenix Arizona on Sept. 2015, cellular industry’s
views on 5G network and envisioned services have also converged. The timeline for 3GPP standard
development has been determined in this workshop. To align with the ITU-R WRC19 event, 3GPP
specifications for the 5G system will be released via two stages: June 2018 and December 2019,
respectively. It is clear that the schedule for 5G system development is no longer at the conceptual
stage. Service providers around the world have announced 5G trials, each focuses on specific feature
and application.
In this talk, we will provide overview of 5G from technology enablers to applications. We will
then share the overall work scope of the multi-year 5G project funded by DoIT/MoEA (Department
of Information Technology/Ministry of Economic Affair) in Taiwan. Finally, we will discuss 5G &
the industrial IoT use cases and opportunity.
Biography
Dr. Li Fung Chang is the Chief Architect of the national 5G program funded by the DoIT/MoEA in
Taiwan. In this role, she is responsible for setting up 5G master plan, strategy direction for this
program as well as providing technical consultation and guidance to the engineering teams working
under this project. Prior to this position, she was a Senior Director of Engineering at Broadcom Corp,
- Mobile and Wireless Group. Dr. Chang is a veteran from AT&T research Labs and Telcordia. In
2001, she joined Mobilink Telecom (acquired by Broadcom in 2002) to start her career in cellular
16
SOC design/implementation and commercialization. She has led the Broadcom baseband
2G/3G/HSPA+ /TD-SCDMA designs and managed Broadcom baseband modem system groups
across multiple sites (San Diego, Irvine, Sunnyvale, New Jersey, Hsin-Chu Taiwan and Shanghai) to
support multi-mode modem design including 4G LTE and LTE-A.
She is hands-on in managements and has personally driven the advanced receiver designs and
baseband technology advancements for Broadcom’s baseband solutions. She was an architect for the
HW/SW functional partition for the baseband receiver, designer for HSDPA/HSUPA data path
optimization and several 3GPP Release 7 and Release 8 HSPA features. She had also managed teams
responsible for chipset architecture definition for Broadcom mobile SOC, pre-chip performance
estimation of the multi-media subsystem, memory subsystem QoS, power estimation for different use
cases, audio subsystem designs and performance, system design for PMU (power management unit).
Dr. Chang holds over 85 US patents and many international patents in the area of wireless
communications. She is a Chair Professor with NCTU (National Chiao Tung University, HsinChu,
Taiwan), fellow of the IEEE, recipient of the 2004 Asian American Engineer of the Year Award, 2008
Braodcom Distinguished Engineer Award, member of the Phi Tau Phi Chinese honor society, member
of the IEEE and member of the CIE GNYC chapter.
17
Invited Speech 4
5G Security Forward Thinking
(Friday 26 August, 10:10 - 10:50, Room: 21C)
Dr. Feng Bao
Director of Security and Privacy Lab, Huawei Technologies,
Singapore
Abstract
Deeply supporting vertical industries is the most important service requirement in 5G. The openness
and diversity of network capabilities arising out of this will become the most important technical
features of 5G. The re-established 5G security architecture should be flexible and customizable one
with matching heterogeneous and massive access by agile and exactly right security mechanism;
with meeting quite different vertical industrial services by the modular and combinable security
enablers and unified policies. Security will become the cut-point of the collaboration between 5G
operators and vertical industries.
Biography
Dr. Feng Bao is currently the Director of the Security Lab at Huawei. He received his BS in
mathematics and MS in Computer Science from Beijing University, and his PhD in Computer
Science from Gunma University, Japan. He was a researcher with Chinese Academy of Science and
a Visiting Scientist with Hamburg University. From 1996 to 2012, he was with the Institute for
Infocomm Research, A*STAR of Singapore, and took the position of the Principal Scientist and the
Head of the Cryptography and Security Dept. His research interests are mainly in cryptography and
cyber security. He has published over 200 papers in the international conferences and journals,
which have over 5000 citations. He has 16 patents and has been involved in the management of
dozens of industry projects and international collaborations. He is a member of Asiacrypt Steering
Committee and the Editorial Member of 2 international journals. He has chaired over 20
international conferences in security.
18
Technical Program
Technical Program
19
S1: 5G Vision, Standardization, and Air Interface
Thursday 25 August, 10:50 - 12:30, Room: 21C
Organizer & Chair: Dr. Satoshi Suyama (NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan)
S1-1
5G R&D Activities: From Concept toward Reality
Speaker: Dr. Anass Benjebbour (NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan)
Anass Benjebbour, Yoshihisa Kishiyama, Yukihiko Okumura and Takehiro Nakamura (NTT
DOCOMO, INC., Japan)
S1-2
The new 5G radio-access technology
Speaker: Dr. Hideshi Murai (Ericsson Japan, Japan)
Erik Dahlman and Stefan Parkvall (Ericsson Research, Sweden); Hideshi Murai (Ericsson Japan,
Japan)
Physical Layer Implications and Basic Principles for the 5G New Radio Air Interface
Speaker: Dr. Brian Cho (Nokia, Japan)
Andres Arjona, Brian Cho, Tsunehiko Chiba and Mitchell Mulder (Nokia, Japan)
High-Capacity Access and Transport Network for Enhanced Mobile Broadband Services
Speaker: Dr. Yasuhiko Matsunaga (NEC Corporation, Japan)
Yasuhiko Matsunaga and Kazuaki Kunihiro (NEC Corporation, Japan); Xavier Costa Pérez (NEC
Europe Ltd, Germany)
5G Design Concepts for its Targets and Enabling Technologies
Speaker: Dr. Tsuyoshi Kashima (Huawei Technologies Japan, Japan)
Tsuyoshi Kashima (Huawei Technologies Japan, Japan); Jianglei Ma and Peiying Zhu (Huawei
Technologies, Canada)
S1-3
S1-4
S1-5
S2: R&D Activities for 5G Mobile Communications
Thursday 25 August, 10:50 - 12:30, Room: 22C
Organizer & Chair: Prof. Hidekazu Murata (Kyoto University, Japan)
S2-1
S2-2
S2-3
S2-4
S2-5
Research Progress of the Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum
Speaker: Mr. Takaharu Nakamura (FUJITSU LIMITED, Japan)
Takaharu Nakamura (FUJITSU LIMITED, Japan)
R&D Activities for 5G in IEICE Technical Committee on Radio Communication Systems in
FY2015 - Multi-Antenna Technologies and Advanced Modulation/Multiple Access Schemes Speaker: Prof. Yukitoshi Sanada (Keio University, Japan)
Yukitoshi Sanada (Keio University, Japan); Satoshi Denno (Okayama University, Japan); Hidekazu
Murata (Kyoto University, Japan); Toshihiko Nishimura (Hokkaido University, Japan); Tomoya
Tandai (Toshiba Corporation, Japan); Akihiro Okazaki (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Japan),
Satoshi Suyama (NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan); Takamichi Inoue (NEC Corporation, Japan); Jun
Mashino (NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan); Tetsuya Yamamoto (Panasonic Corporation, Japan);
Makoto Taromaru (Fukuoka University, Japan)
Cognitive HetNet for 5G
Speaker: Dr. Sumei Sun (Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore)
Sumei Sun, Koichi Adachi, Peng Hui Tan, Yuan Zhou, Ernest Kurniawan and Jingon Joung
(Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore)
European 5G Research Activities in 5G PPP
Speaker: Dr. Katsutoshi Kusume (DOCOMO Euro-Labs, Germany)
Katsutoshi Kusume and Thomas Walter (DOCOMO Euro-Labs, Germany)
Millimeter-wave based eMBB Technologies in ETRI 5G
Speaker: Dr. JunHwan Lee (ETRI, Korea)
Jihyung Kim and JunHwan Lee (ETRI, Korea)
20
S3: Massive MIMO Technology for 5G
Friday 26 August, 11:10 - 12:50, Room: 21C
Organizer & Chair: Prof. Takeo Ohgane (Hokkaido University, Japan)
S3-1 Downlink Performance of Massive MIMO in 3GPP 3D Urban Scenarios
Speaker: Dr. Hideshi Murai (Ericsson Japan, Japan)
Eleftherios Karipidis, George Jöngren and Svante Bergman (Ericsson Research, Sweden); Hideshi
Murai (Ericsson Japan, Japan)
S3-2
S3-3
S3-4
S3-5
Activities on Massive MIMO towards 5G
Speaker: Dr. Yoshikazu Kakura (NEC Corporation, Japan)
Yoshikazu Kakura, Toshifumi Sato, Yasushi Maruta, Naoto Ishii and Jun Shikida (NEC Corporation,
Japan)
A Hybrid Beamforming Architecture for High SHF Wide-band Massive MIMO in 5G
Speaker: Dr. Akinori Taira (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Japan)
Akinori Taira, Satoshi Yamaguchi, Koji Tsutsumi, Shintaro Shinjo, Akihiro Okazaki and Atsushi
Okamura (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Japan)
Massive MIMO Technologies and Experimental Trials for 5G
Speaker: Dr. Satoshi Suyama (NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan)
Satoshi Suyama, Jun Mashino, Yoshihisa Kishiyama and Yukihiko Okumura (NTT DOCOMO, INC.,
Japan)
Study of Coordinated Radio Resource Scheduling Algorithm for 5G Ultra High-Density
Distributed Antenna Systems - Performance Evaluation of Large-Scale Coordinated
Multi-User MIMO Speaker: Mr. Takashi Seyama (FUJITSU LIMITED, Japan)
Takashi Seyama, Masafumi Tsutsui, Teppei Oyama, Takaharu Kobayashi, Takashi Dateki, Hiroyuki
Seki and Morihiko Minowa (FUJITSU LIMITED, Japan); Tatsuki Okuyama, Satoshi Suyama and
Yukihiko Okumura (NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan)
S4: Heterogeneous Network for 5G Multi-RAT
Friday 26 August, 11:10 - 12:50, Room: 22C
Organizer: Prof. Kei Sakaguchi (Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan)
Chair: Prof. Gia Khanh Tran (Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan)
S4-1
Study multi frequency performance evaluation for 5G by Multi-RAT simulator
Speaker: Dr. Mitchell Mulder (Nokia, Japan)
Naoyuki Toyoda and Mitchell Mulder (Nokia, Japan)
S4-2
Optimal small cell selection technology for 5G heterogeneous networks
Speaker: Mr. Hiroaki Asano (Panasonic Corporation, Japan)
Hiroaki Asano (Panasonic Corporation, Japan); Noriyuki Shimizu, Masaaki Yoshino, Sojiro Norita
and Yasufumi Ichikawa (AVC Networks Company & Panasonic Corporation, Japan); Osamu Kato
(Panasonic Mobile Communications, Japan); Yoshifumi Morihiro and Yukihiko Okumura (NTT
DOCOMO, INC., Japan)
Cooperative Management Approaches for Spectrum Sharing in 5G
Speaker: Dr. Kentaro Ishizu (National Institute of Information and Communications Technology,
Japan)
Kentaro Ishizu, Homare Murakami and Fumihide Kojima (National Institute of Information and
Communications Technology, Japan)
S4-3
21
S4-4
S4-5
Evaluation of mmWave Overlaid 5G Cellular HetNet - Suitable Frequency Bands for Different
5G KPIs Speaker: Prof. Gia Khanh Tran (Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan)
Gia Khanh Tran and Hidekazu Shimodaira (Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan); Kei Sakaguchi
(Tokyo Institute of Technology & Fraunhofer HHI, Japan)
LTE/WiGig Radio Level Interworking for 5G Millimeter-wave Heterogeneous Networks
Speaker: Dr. Hailan Peng (KDDI R&D Laboratories Inc., Japan)
Hailan Peng, Kazuya Moriwaki and Yasuhiro Suegara (KDDI R&D Laboratories Inc., Japan)
A1: Signal Processing for Communications I
Thursday 25 August, 14:00 - 15:40, Room: 21A
Chair: Prof. Yukitoshi Sanada (Keio University, Japan)
A1-1
A1-2
A1-3
A1-4
A1-5
Performance Evaluation of Interference Rejection Combining Receiver for Unlicensed
Spectrum
Jumpei Yamamoto (Hokkaido University, Japan); Nobuhiko Miki (Kagawa University, Japan)
A Low-Complexity Upgrade of the Hybrid DFE for Single-Carrier Block Transmission
Systems via Adaptive Multiple Decision Feedback
Jiun-Jie Jia, Jian-Yu Pan and Kuei-Chiang Lai (National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan)
A Novel Method for Mitigating Timing Misalignment based on DFT Window Shifting in
Cellular Overlaying D2D Networks
Tsung-Yu Tsai and Yu-Nung Wei (Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National
Taiwan University, Taiwan); Zsehong Tsai (National Taiwan University, Taiwan)
Best Channel Selection by the Receiver for the Laser Beam Based WPT
Heedong Son, Boram Kim, Jeongsook Eom and YongWan Park (Yeungnam University, Korea);
Jeong-Hee Choi (Daegu University, Korea)
Estimate the Astronomical Seeing by Using Digital Signal Processing
David Shiung (National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan); Ya-Yin Yang and Chu-Sing
Yang (National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan); Jhang-Syun Liou (National Changhua University
of Education, Taiwan)
A2: Relaying I
Thursday 25 August, 14:00 - 15:40, Room: 21B
Chair: Prof. Satoshi Denno (Okayama University, Japan)
A2-1
A2-2
A2-3
A2-4
Non-linear Precoding Using Ordered Cholesky Factorization for Physical Layer Network
Coding
Yuto Nagai and Satoshi Denno (Okayama University, Japan)
Rate-Split Dynamic Decode-and-Forward Protocol for Feedback-Aided Cooperative
Communications
Hsiao-feng Francis Lu (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan)
Performance Study of Relay Node in Cooperative Transmission at 2.4GHz Industrial Wireless
Network
Nur Alyaa Alias and Tetsushi Ikegami (Meiji University, Japan)
Joint Channel Estimation and Training Signal Design for Two-way MIMO Relay Systems
Huiming Chen (The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong); Xiaohan Zhong (Sichuan University,
P.R. China)
22
A2-5
Joint relay selection and power allocation for cooperative jamming in amplify-and-forward
relay network with eavesdropper
Yongyun Choi and Jae Hong Lee (Seoul National University, Korea)
A3: Modulation and Coding I
Thursday 25 August, 14:00 - 15:40, Room: 21C
Chair: Prof. Jun Heo (Korea University, Korea)
A3-1
A3-2
A3-3
A3-4
A3-5
Coding for FFH/MFSK Systems under MTJ
Yu-Sun Liu and Bi-Man Jhu (National Taipei University of Technology, Taiwan)
A Cross-Linking Method for Layered BP decoding of LDPC codes
Myeongwoo Lee, Taehyun Kim, JongHyun Baik and Jun Heo (Korea University, Korea)
Investigation on Frozen Bit Determination Method of Polar Code
Yoshiyuki Watanabe (Kagawa University, Japan); Satoshi Suyama and Satoshi Nagata (NTT
DOCOMO, Inc., Japan); Nobuhiko Miki (Kagawa University, Japan)
A Type-II HARQ Scheme with Re-encoded Redundancy
Chia-Chi Lu and Tofar Chih-Yuan Chang (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan); Tsu-Hsuan
Chien (MediaTek Inc., Taiwan); Yu T. Su (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan)
Practical Dirty Paper Coding Scheme Using LDPC Codes
Taehyun Kim and Jun Heo (Korea University, Korea)
A4: mmWave Communications
Thursday 25 August, 14:00 - 15:40, Room: 22A
Chair: Prof. Yuyuan Chang (Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan)
A4-1
A4-2
A4-3
A4-4
A4-5
Spatial Beamforming Codebook Design for Indoor Multi-User mmWave Communications
Tzung-Hua Tsai and Chi-chao Chao (National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan)
Retransmission Subcarrier-Block Phase Hopping with Space Spreading Selection for
Millimeter-Wave MIMO-OFDM Systems
Yuyuan Chang, Takeshi Ryo and Kazuhiko Fukawa (Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan)
Tile-Based Deployment Method for mmWave Communications
Lei Yen and Hsin-Piao Lin (National Taipei University of Technology, Taiwan); Ming-Chien Tseng
and Kun-Yi Lin (Industrial Technology Research Institute, Taiwan); Shiann-Shiun Jeng (National
Dong Hwa University, Taiwan)
Statistical Prediction of Human Blockage for Camera-assisted mmWave Communications
Yusuke Koda, Yuta Oguma, Takayuki Nishio, Koji Yamamoto and Masahiro Morikura (Kyoto
University, Japan)
Experimental Performance Evaluation of Single Carrier Visible Light Communication with
Frequency Domain Equalization
Shunsuke Fujitaka and Satoshi Denno (Okayama University, Japan)
23
A5: Heterogeneous Networks I
Thursday 25 August, 14:00 - 15:40, Room: 22B
Chair: Prof. Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
A5-1
Initial Cell Search Time Performance in Heterogeneous Networks with Same Frequency
Spectrum
Naoki Noguchi and Mamoru Sawahashi (Tokyo City University, Japan); Satoshi Nagata (NTT
DOCOMO Inc., Japan)
A5-2
Effect of Transmit Diversity on Cell Search Using Two-Step Frequency Offset Estimation in
Heterogeneous Networks
Aya Shimura, Naoki Noguchi and Mamoru Sawahashi (Tokyo City University, Japan); Satoshi
Nagata and Yoshihisa Kishiyama (NTT DOCOMO, Inc., Japan)
Throughput Performance of Adaptive Control CRE in HetNet Incorporating eICIC
Norihiro Naganuma, Sho Nakazawa and Hiroyuki Otsuka (Kogakuin University, Japan)
A Study on Improvement in Convergence Rate of Adaptive User Association Method for
System Throughput Maximization
Sho Fukuhara and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
Pioneering Dual-Connectivity Handover Scheme in C/U Split Networks
Wei-Shih Lin, Ping–Jung Hsieh and Hung-Yu Wei (National Taiwan University, Taiwan)
A5-3
A5-4
A5-5
B1: Non-orthogonal Multiple Access
Thursday 25 August, 16:00 - 17:40, Room: 21A
Chair: Prof. Nobuhiko Miki (Kagawa University, Japan)
B1-1
Non-orthogonal Multiple Access with Joint ML Detection in Heterogeneous Network
Natsumi Kashiba, Takahiro Yazaki, Kenji Ando and Yukitoshi Sanada (Keio University, Japan)
B1-2
Energy Efficient Resource Allocation with QoS for Non-orthogonal Multiple Access
Communications
Ya-Wen Huang and Jen-Ming Wu (National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan)
B1-3
Performance Evaluation of System-level Throughput of NOMA with SIC in Cellular MIMO
Downlink under FTP Traffic Model
Masahiro Kimura and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
Investigation on Soft-Symbol Estimation Methods for Turbo SIC in OFDM Using
Faster-than-Nyquist Signaling
Bin Zheng, Yuki Yamada and Mamoru Sawahashi (Tokyo City University, Japan); Keisuke Saito
(NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan)
B1-4
B1-5
Complexity Reduction through Coordinate Rotation to Summation and Subtraction Metric
Takashi Ikeuchi, Takayoshi Aoki and Yukitoshi Sanada (Keio University, Japan)
B2: Sensor Networks
Thursday 25 August, 16:00 - 17:40, Room: 21B
Chair: Prof. Chuan-Ming Liu (National Taipei University of Technology, Taiwan)
B2-1
Impact of Capture on Throughput Performance of Contending-type MAC Scheme in Wireless
Passive Sensor Networks
Heewon Seo, Jun Ha, Jin Kyung Park and Cheon Won Choi (Dankook University, Korea)
24
B2-2
B2-3
B2-4
B2-5
Cooperative Range-Skyline Query Processing in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks
Zulhaydar Akbar, Chuan-Chi Lai and Chuan-Ming Liu (National Taipei University of Technology,
Taiwan)
Providing Stochastic Delay Guarantees in Personal Area Sensor Networks
Ching Wen Yeh and Zsehong Tsai (National Taiwan University, Taiwan)
Improving Fingerprinting-based RFID Localization Accuracy Using Computer Vision Assisted
Sensor Deployment Technology
Chun-Hao Kao, Rong-Shue Hsiao, Tian-Xiang Chen and Kai-Wei Ke (National Taipei University of
Technology, Taiwan)
Lifetime Improvement by Extended LEACH with Energy Harvest in Wireless Sensor Network
T. Onishi, Takahiro Sekii and Shigeaki Ogose (Kagawa University, Japan)
B3: Massive MIMO
Thursday 25 August, 16:00 - 17:40, Room: 21C
Chair: Dr. Akihiro Okazaki (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Japan)
B3-1
B3-2
B3-3
B3-4
A Tree-search Based Low-complexity Massive MIMO Detector For Generalized Space Shift
Keying Schemes
Yen-Ming Chen (Chung Yuan Christian University, Taiwan); Chi-Fu Lin, Wei-Min Lai and
Yeong-Luh Ueng (National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan)
Fast Group Detection Schemes For Massive MIMOs
Chen Bosing, Hoang-Yang Lu and Mao-Hsu Yen (National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan)
Uplink Throughput with Coordinated Reception Considering Functional Split in Fronthaul
Link
Takahiro Kubo, Takahiro Asai, Tatsuki Okuyama, Satoshi Suyama and Yukihiko Okumura (NTT
DOCOMO, Inc., Japan)
A Study on Transmitter Beamforming Control Based on Firefly Algorithm for Massive MIMO
Systems
Takashi Yamanaka and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
B4: Heterogeneous Networks II
Thursday 25 August, 16:00 - 17:40, Room: 22A
Chair: Prof. Hung-Yu Wei (National Taiwan University, Taiwan)
B4-1
B4-2
B4-3
B4-4
Joint Power and Frequency-Domain Inter-Cell Interference Coordination in Heterogeneous
Networks
Sho Takano and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
Distributed Coverage and Capacity Joint Optimization for Ultra-Dense Small Cell Deployment
in 5G Systems
Ya-Ju Yu (Institute for Information Industry, Taiwan); Yen-Ju Chen, Ai-Chun Pang and Chih-Sheng
Wang (National Taiwan University, Taiwan); Jun-Jie Su (ITRI, Taiwan)
Throughput Improvement with Multiple Antennas and Channel Allocation for Ultra-Dense
Femtocells
Ang-Hsun Tsai and Chung-Hsien Tsai (Chung Cheng Institute of Technology, National Defense
University, Taiwan); Li-Chun Wang (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan)
Distributed STBC Transmit Diversity In The Presence of CCI From Adjacent Macro-Cells
Tomoyuki Saito (Tohoku University, Japan); Hiroyuki Miyazaki (Tohoku University & Guraduate
School of Engineering, Japan); Fumiyuki Adachi (Tohoku University, Japan)
25
B4-5
B5:
Impact of CSI Error on OFDM-MU-MIMO Downlink of Distributed Antenna Small-cell
Network
Yuta Seki, Shinya Kumagai and Fumiyuki Adachi (Tohoku University, Japan)
Cognitive Radio and Wireless Ad hoc Networks
Thursday 25 August, 16:00 - 17:40, Room: 22B
Chair: Prof. Jen-Yeu Chen (National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan)
B5-1
B5-2
B5-3
B5-4
B5-5
Time-Frequency Analysis for Spectrum Sensing in Multi-Antenna Wireless Systems
Ping-Rong Lin, Jen-Yeu Chen and Shiann-Shiun Jeng (National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan);
Szu-Lin Su (National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan)
Throughput Analysis of Secondary Users in a Distributed Cognitive Radio Network
Chao-Tang Yu (Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan); Chih-Hao Hsu
and Tsang-Yi Wang (National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan)
Performance Analysis in Secondary Networks with Multiple Primary Users for
Database-driven Spectrum Sharing
Shota Yamashita, Koji Yamamoto, Takayuki Nishio and Masahiro Morikura (Kyoto University,
Japan)
Exploiting Contact Periodicity for Probabilistic Routing in Delay Tolerant Networks
Yu-Feng Hsu and Chih-Lin Hu (National Central University, Taiwan)
Random Access Based on the Importance of Information for Disaster Management
Seung Beom Seo and Wha Sook Jeon (Seoul National University, Korea); Dong Geun Jeong
(Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Korea)
C1: IoT for Machine Type Communications
Friday 26 August, 14:10 - 15:50, Room: 21A
Chair: Prof. Jen-Jee Chen (National University of Tainan, Taiwan)
C1-1
Performance Evaluation of Convolutional Code with List Decoding for 5G Machine Type
Communications
Shunich Bushisue (Kagawa University, Japan); Satoshi Suyama and Satoshi Nagata (NTT
DOCOMO, Inc., Japan); Nobuhiko Miki (Kagawa University, Japan)
C1-2
CARS: Cost-Alleviating Reservation Scheme for Online Charging of Discrete IoT Traffics
Huai-Sheng Huang and Yu-Chee Tseng (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan)
C1-3
An Efficient Triggering Scheme to Alleviate Congestion for MTC Devices in LTE network
Huai-Sheng Huang and Yu-Chee Tseng (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan)
Recent Physical Layer Technologies for IoT Communications
Guiyong Zhang and Guyoung Lim (Seoul National University, Korea); Hyoungju Ji (Seoul National
University & Samsung Electronics. Co., Ltd, Korea); Byonghyo Shim (Seoul National University,
Korea)
Massive Connectivity and Small Data Issues for M2M/IoT Communications
Po-Yen Chang (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan); Jia-Ming Liang (Chang Gung University,
Taiwan); Jen-Jee Chen (National University of Tainan, Taiwan); Kun-Ru Wu (National Chiao Tung
University, Taiwan); Yu-Chee Tseng (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan); Zhiyuan Ren
(Xidian University, P.R. China); Ming-Zoo Wu (Institute for Information Industry, Taiwan)
C1-4
C1-5
26
C2: Optical/Visible Light Communications
Friday 26 August, 14:10 - 15:50, Room: 21B
Chair: Prof. Yu-Sun Liu (National Taipei University of Technology, Taiwan)
C2-1
Free-Space Optical Communications using Gaussian Q-function Bounds in Weak Atmospheric
Turbulence
Ha Duyen Trung and Do Van Tuan (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam);
Tomoaki Ohtsuki (Keio University, Japan)
C2-2
Improvement of Bit Rate in Flicker-Free Visible Light Communication Using Image Sensor
Ryotaro Kitaoka, Tomoki Kondo and Wataru Chujo (Meijo University, Japan)
Enhancement of RGB Parallel Turbo-code System with UTPA in Optical Partial Erasure
Channel
Ran Sun and Hiromasa Habuchi (Ibaraki University, Japan); Yusuke Kozawa (Tokyo University of
Science, Japan)
3D Pixel-by-pixel Scanning LIDAR with Optically Coded Pulses
Gunzung Kim and Jeongsook Eom (Yeungnam University, Korea); Jeong-Hee Choi (Daegu
University, Korea); YongWan Park (Yeungnam University, Korea)
C2-3
C2-4
C3: Resource Management
Friday 26 August, 14:10 - 15:50, Room: 21C
Chair: Dr. Yoshikazu Kakura (NEC Corporation, Japan)
C3-1
C3-2
C3-3
C3-4
A 4-guideline Downlink Scheduling Strategy to Support Fairness and QoS for LTE Networks
You-Chiun Wang and Dai-Rong Jhong (National Sun Yat-Sen University, Taiwan)
LTE-A Downlink Resource Management for Green Communication
You-Chiun Wang and Hung-Yi Ko (National Sun Yat-Sen University, Taiwan)
Capacity and Fairness Analysis of User Scheduling in Full-Duplex Cellular Networks
Takuya Ohto and Koji Yamamoto (Kyoto University, Japan); Katsuyuki Haneda (Aalto University,
Finland); Takayuki Nishio and Masahiro Morikura (Kyoto University, Japan)
An Extended CCA Control Mechanism for LTE and Wi-Fi Coexistence
Sung-Chul Choi and Jae-Hoon Kim (Ajou University, Korea)
C4: Signal Processing for Communications II
Friday 26 August, 14:10 - 15:50, Room: 22A
Chair: Prof. Mamoru Sawahashi (Tokyo City University, Japan)
C4-1
C4-2
C4-3
C4-4
A New PTS Scheme with Conversion Matrices for PAPR Reduction of OFDM Signals
Sheng-Ju Ku (Tatung University, Taiwan)
Blind Selected Mapping Techniques for Space-Time Block Coded Filtered Single-Carrier
Signals
Amnart Boonkajay and Fumiyuki Adachi (Tohoku University, Japan)
Iterative Time-Domain Compression Method of MIMO Channel State Information Using
Iterative Updates of Path Selection
Tomohiro Nabeshima and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
On the Initial Interpolation Vector Setting for Iterative Time-Domain Compression Method of
MIMO Channel State Information
Masato Ozeki and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
27
C4-5
Signal Separation Based on Independent Component Analysis for SDMA of Bluetooth Low
Energy
Masahiro Takigawa, Shinsuke Ibi and Seiichi Sampei (Osaka University, Japan)
C5: Modulation and Coding II
Friday 26 August, 14:10 - 15:50, Room: 22B
Chair: Dr. Takahiro Asai (NTT DOCOMO, Inc., Japan)
C5-1
C5-2
C5-3
C5-4
C5-5
Possibility for New Entries of 1024- and 4096-QAM in Mobile Communication Systems
Tomoki Ota, Mitsutoshi Nakamura and Hiroyuki Otsuka (Kogakuin University, Japan)
A Study on a Combination of Bit-Labeling and Error-Correcting Code for Multi-level QAM
Shuhei Higashiyama and Tadatomo Sato (Tokyo City University, Japan)
Embedded codes transmission in multiple antenna systems
Seok-Ho Chang (Dankook University, Korea)
Reliable Data Transfer Based on Bundle Protocol and Erasure Coding in Delay-Tolerant
Networks
Yun-Shan Jiang (National Central University, Taiwan); Keiichi Koyanagi (Waseda University,
Japan); Chih-Lin Hu (National Central University, Taiwan)
Joint Effects of Bundle Protocol and Fountain Coding for Message Transfer in DTNs
Chih-Lin Hu and Yu-Fang Huang (National Central University, Taiwan)
D1: Antenna and Propagation, and Microwave Devices
Friday 26 August, 16:10 - 17:50, Room: 21A
Chair: Prof. Hiraku Okada (Nagoya University, Japan)
D1-1
D1-2
D1-3
D1-4
D1-5
Measurement of Radio Propagation in 920 MHz Band for Wireless Sensor Networks in a Farm
Field
Tomoya Moribe, Hiraku Okada, Kentaro Kobayashi and Masaaki Katayama (Nagoya University,
Japan)
Study on the Efficiency Improvement of WPT by the Loading Shape of Magnetic Sheet
Hiromu Odanaka, Takaho Sekiguchi and Yoshinobu Okano (Tokyo City University, Japan); Satoshi
Ogino (Microwaveabsorbers inc., Japan)
Switchable Dual-Frequency Matching Network
Ming-Lin Chuang, Ming-Tien Wu and Tsan-Chun Chang (National Penghu University of Science
and Technology, Taiwan)
Low power through body biasing to realize a 3.9-mW CMOS inductorless LNA for LoRa
applications
Yu Chu Yang and Jeng Rern Yang (Yuan Ze University, Taiwan)
Beamforming for Secure Antenna Subset Modulation in Micro-wave Systems
Yong-Gu Lee and Bumchul Sun (Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Korea); Jin
Goog Kim (Agency for Defense Development, Korea); Jinho Choi (Gwangju Institute of Science
and Technology (GIST), Korea)
28
D2: Channel Estimation
Friday 26 August, 16:10 - 17:50, Room: 21B
Chair: Prof. Koichi Adachi (The University of Electro-Communications, Japan)
D2-1
D2-2
D2-3
D2-4
Performance Analysis of Channel Estimation in OFDM Systems Using the Regularized
Least-Squares Method
Kuo Guan Wu and Min-Kuan C. Chang (National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan)
Discretization in Channel Estimation Using Compressed Sensing and Its Performance
Improvement
Dongshin Yang and Yutaka Jitsumatsu (Kyushu University, Japan)
Detecting Abrupt Changes in Delay Spread for OFDM Channel Estimation
Junichiro Hagiwara (NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan); Toshihiko Nishimura, Takeo Ohgane and
Yasutaka Ogawa (Hokkaido University, Japan)
Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation under Interference Environments for OFDMA Uplink
Systems
Chien-Chung Chen and Yung-Fang Chen (National Central University, Taiwan)
D3: Heterogeneous Networks III
Friday 26 August, 16:10 - 17:50, Room: 21C
Chair: Dr. Kentaro Ishizu (National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Japan)
D3-1
D3-2
D3-3
D3-4
D3-5
A Study of Energy- and Spectral-Efficiency for Dense HetNet Scenario with Non-Unifom BS
and UE distribution
Abolfazl Mehbodniya, Rintaro Yoneya and Fumiyuki Adachi (Tohoku University, Japan)
Improved Methods for Online Probabilistic Activation Control of Base Stations Based on
Observed System Throughput in Heterogeneous Networks
Akira Ujiie and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
On the Range in Inter-Base Station Information Exchange in Online Probabilistic Activation
Control of Base Stations Based on Observed System Throughput
Kosuke Takahashi and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
A Cross-Layer Sleep Scheme in LTE-A Networks
I-An Wang and Jen-Jee Chen (National University of Tainan, Taiwan); Jia-Ming Liang (Chang
Gung University, Taiwan); Kun-Ru Wu and Po-Yen Chang (National Chiao Tung University,
Taiwan); Yu-Chee Tseng (National Chiao-Tung University, Taiwan); Ming-Zoo Wu (Institute for
Information Industry, Taiwan); Zhiyuan Ren (Xidian University, P.R. China)
A Study on Online Transmission Power Control of Base Stations Based on Observed System
Throughput in Heterogeneous Networks
Takahiro Saito and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
D4: Wireless Networks
Friday 26 August, 16:10 - 17:50, Room: 22A
Chair: Dr. Hailan Peng (KDDI R&D Laboratories Inc., Japan)
D4-1
D4-2
VoLTE Coverage Enhancement for TD-LTE Networks
Gang Wang and Jun Du (NEC labs, P.R. China)
An Experimental Evaluation on Optimization of Network-Listening Based Synchronization
Mitsukuni Konishi, Sho Nabatame, Daigo Ogata and Atsushi Nagate (SoftBank Corp., Japan)
29
D4-3
D4-4
D4-5
UWB-Impulse Radio Using MIMO Technology for Optical Fiber -Wireless Links
Taishi Sato, Tomoki Kishida, Kengo Nabika and Saeko Oshiba (Kyoto Institute of Technology,
Japan)
On Bistable Behavior of Slotted-ALOHA Systems with Delay Constraints
Takayuki Horiuchi, Katsumi Sakakibara and Jumpei Taketsugu (Okayama Prefectural University,
Japan)
A Scalable Flow Management Scheme for Customizable Mobile Service Chain using OpenFlow
Chi-Hsiang Hung, Jiun-Chen Huang, Li-Chun Wang and Li-Ping Tung (National Chiao Tung
University, Taiwan)
D5: Relaying II
Friday 26 August, 16:10 - 17:50, Room: 22B
Chair: Prof. Shinsuke Ibi (Osaka University, Japan)
D5-1
D5-2
D5-3
D5-4
Line-of-Sight Component Impact Analyses for Lossy Forward Relaying over Fading Channels
Having Different Statistical Properties
Shen Qian (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology & University of Oulu, Finland);
Jiguang He (University of Oulu, Finland); Xin He (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and
Technology & University of Oulu, Japan); Weiwei Jiang (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and
Technology, Japan); Markku Juntti (University of Oulu, Finland); Tad Matsumoto (Japan
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Japan)
Analysis of Channel-Coded Physical Layer Network Coding over Binary-Input Gaussian
Channel
Hironori Soen and Motohiko Isaka (Kwansei Gakuin University, Japan)
Error Performance Analysis of Network Coded Cooperation for Relay Networks
Hironori Soen, Koki Fujii and Motohiko Isaka (Kwansei Gakuin University, Japan)
Delay-Amplify-and-Forward Beamforming for Single-Carrier Relay Transmissions
Hiroki Takahashi and Teruyuki Miyajima (Ibaraki University, Japan)
30
`
Paper Abstracts
31
S1: 5G Vision, Standardization, and Air Interface
S1-1
5G R&D Activities: From Concept toward Reality
Anass Benjebbour, Yoshihisa Kishiyama, Yukihiko Okumura and Takehiro Nakamura (NTT
DOCOMO, INC., Japan)
R&D activities on 5G, the next-generation mobile communications system, are accelerated toward
deployment in 2020. The 5G system is expected to enable a variety of new services including
enhanced MBB (eMBB) having even higher data rates and system capacity, and IoT connecting all
kinds of things to the network by wireless means. This paper presents an overview of NTT
DOCOMO's 5G R&D activities toward making 5G a reality. It describes services and requirements
envisioned for the 5G era, NTT DOCOMO's 5G definition and technical concept, and
standardization strategy and activities toward the 2020 launch of 5G services.
S1-2
The new 5G radio-access technology
Erik Dahlman and Stefan Parkvall (Ericsson Research, Sweden); Hideshi Murai (Ericsson Japan,
Japan)
5G is the next step in the evolution of mobile communication and a key component of the future
networked society. With capabilities such as massive system capacity, higher data rates, very low
latency and ultra-high reliability, 5G will provide significantly enhanced mobile-broadband
experience but also support a wide range of new wireless applications and use cases. Key
technology components include operation at higher frequency bands and flexible spectrum usage,
advanced multi-antenna/multi-site transmission, lean transmission, access/backhaul integration, and
possibility for direct device-to-device communication.
S1-3
Physical Layer Implications and Basic Principles for the 5G New Radio Air Interface
Andres Arjona, Brian Cho, Tsunehiko Chiba and Mitchell Mulder (Nokia, Japan)
The 5G New Radio interface requirements are diverse and cover multiple use case scenarios
(eMBB, mMTC, URLLC), as well as different deployments at various frequency ranges. These
requirements impose the need for an adaptable and flexible physical layer design for the 5G New
Radio air interface. Overall, OFDM-based waveform selections are best suited and the variant of
choice depends on the deployed frequency range. Likewise, due to spectrum and deployment
differences, multiple numerology options are needed, and it is recommended to use same common
base clock across numerologies for scalability reasons and LTE coexistence. Similarly, an inbuilt
scalable common framework in the New Radio frame structure is preferred over a single solution.
Finally, in regard to MIMO and BF, different solutions (SU, MU, BF) should be accounted for, as
well as flexibility in the number of antenna elements, Tx/Rx architectures, and multi-antenna array
beamforming technique, which may vary depending on the deployed frequency.
S1-4
High-Capacity Access and Transport Network for Enhanced Mobile Broadband Services
Yasuhiko Matsunaga and Kazuaki Kunihiro (NEC Corporation, Japan); Xavier Costa Pérez (NEC
Europe Ltd, Germany)
A fundamental challenge that confronts today's mobile network is to meet the surging capacity
requirements at a reasonable cost. We review the trend of traffic demand in several countries and
present key resources such as antenna sites, fronthaul/backhaul links and new spectrum frequencies
to efficiently increase the network capacity. We present a massive MIMO with active antenna
system and a digital transmitter and as candidate key technologies for the next generation mobile
access. For the next generation transport network, we present an SDN/NFV integrated
fronthaul/backhaul architecture and introduce D-band devices as a promising key component.
S1-5
5G Design Concepts for its Targets and Enabling Technologies
Tsuyoshi Kashima (Huawei Technologies Japan, Japan); Jianglei Ma and Peiying Zhu (Huawei
Technologies, Canada)
The 5th generation (5G) mobile communications system is supposed to cover a wide range of
services, which is wider than that covered by the 4th generation (4G) mobile communications
system. In addition, because the variety of vertical services on mobile communications system
continues to expand, the 5G should be designed not only to cover the existing services but also to
32
accelerate the creation of new services in the future. The 5G mobile network can be considered as a
part of the future network in 2020 and beyond, and the flexibility, scalability and adaptability of the
whole network is a key requirement for the support of various services and the realization of short
time to market for new services. This paper explains the 5G in this context and also from the
requirements discussed in 3GPP standardization. Together with these targets, the design concept of
5G and candidate enabling technologies are introduced.
S2: R&D Activities for 5G Mobile Communications
S2-1
Research Progress of the Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion Forum
Takaharu Nakamura (FUJITSU LIMITED, Japan)
Latest updates of progress achieved in the Fifth Generation Mobile Communications Promotion
Forum to realize ‘5G’ are reported. In order to serve variety of use cases in a flexible and efficient
manner, genuine ‘heterogeneous network’ combining new and evolved radio access technologies for
‘5G’ will be the key. This paper also touches studies on utilization of higher frequency spectrum in
Super high frequency (SHF) or Extremely high frequency (EHF) bands, latency reduction aspect
and several preparatory studies towards ‘5G’.
S2-2
R&D Activities for 5G in IEICE Technical Committee on Radio Communication Systems in
FY2015 - Multi-Antenna Technologies and Advanced Modulation/Multiple Access Schemes Yukitoshi Sanada (Keio University, Japan); Satoshi Denno (Okayama University, Japan); Hidekazu
Murata (Kyoto University, Japan); Toshihiko Nishimura (Hokkaido University, Japan); Tomoya
Tandai (Toshiba Corporation, Japan); Akihiro Okazaki (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Japan),
Satoshi Suyama (NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan); Takamichi Inoue (NEC Corporation, Japan); Jun
Mashino (NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan); Tetsuya Yamamoto (Panasonic Corporation, Japan);
Makoto Taromaru (Fukuoka University, Japan)
The fifth generation mobile communication systems are expected to be launched within several
years. This paper provides an overview of the latest research and development activities on the 5G
mobile communication systems reported in IEICE technical committee conferences on radio
communication systems mainly in FY2015. This survey paper indicates the directions of the
evolution of the 5G mobile communication systems.
S2-3
Cognitive HetNet for 5G
Sumei Sun, Koichi Adachi, Peng Hui Tan, Yuan Zhou, Ernest Kurniawan and Jingon Joung
(Institute for Infocomm Research, Singapore)
The heterogeneous network (HetNet) is an evolution of the cellular communications system
towards the fifth generation (5G) system. In HetNet, different radio access technologies (RATs) in
both licensed and unlicensed carrier frequencies such as cellular system and Wi-Fi system coexist.
Virtualizing the various RATs in different carrier frequencies enables a more efficient resource
utilization. This virtualization can be realized by an agile software defined HetNet architecture. In
this paper, we will share our recent work in context-aware Wi-Fi-cellular network traffic steering
and mobility management as two use cases in the software defined HetNet.
S2-4
European 5G Research Activities in 5G PPP
Katsutoshi Kusume and Thomas Walter (DOCOMO Euro-Labs, Germany)
5G PPP - the 5G Public-Private Partnership - is the European platform to foster research and
innovation towards the future 5G network infrastructure. 5G PPP was established in end of 2013 as
a partnership between the European Union represented by the European Commission (the public
partner) and the 5G Infrastructure Association (the private partner). The research agenda until 2021
has been defined. It is built on a phased approach. Three phases are foreseen namely research and
innovation, development and experimentation. The paper presents details on 5G PPP, its set-up and
organization, vision and mission as well as working scheme. 5G PPP itself is not a research project
but the umbrella under which research projects are executed. Thus, the paper presents details of the
first set of research projects of the Phase I, i.e., research and innovation, as well as the status of
Phase II and Phase III planning.
33
S2-5
Millimeter-wave based eMBB Technologies in ETRI 5G
Jihyung Kim and JunHwan Lee (ETRI, Korea)
In this paper the recent results and progresses of mmWave based eMBB technologies in ETRI are
presented. The eMBB is one of usage scenarios defined in the 5G vision document of ITU-R, and
ETRI has further categorized the usage scenario depending on the mobility. One is optimized for
the nomadic users, and the other is optimized for the high speed users. For the former there is Giga
KOREA project, and MHN project for the latter. This paper briefly introduces what has been going
on so far for each project in terms of the research and development. In addition, some challenging
issues will be introduced. According to the results of the researches, mmWave based solutions
could be attractive to support ever growing traffic demands regardless of mobile environments.
S3: Massive MIMO Technology for 5G
S3-1
Downlink Performance of Massive MIMO in 3GPP 3D Urban Scenarios
Eleftherios Karipidis, George Jöngren and Svante Bergman (Ericsson Research, Sweden); Hideshi
Murai (Ericsson Japan, Japan)
Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) is undoubtedly a key technical component of the
5th generation (5G) wireless systems, which encompass both long-term evolution (LTE) and new
radio (NR). This paper presents system-level simulation results of massive MIMO performance,
according to the established methodology in 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP)
standardization. The downlink capacity and throughput gains of user equipment (UE)-specific
beamforming are evaluated for several array sizes and orientation setups in the 3GPP
three-dimensional (3D) urban macro (UMa) and 3D urban micro (UMi) scenarios. It is observed
that the gains of single-user MIMO over fixed beamforming are significant even for currently
popular array sizes and increase substantially with the number of active antenna elements. In
particular, horizontal arrays are an interesting alternative for interference-limited scenarios.
Additional gains are achieved with multiuser (MU)-MIMO, especially at high traffic load. The
performance potential of MU-MIMO can be significant for massive arrays, provided that well
working channel state information is available.
S3-2
Activities on Massive MIMO towards 5G
Yoshikazu Kakura, Toshifumi Sato, Yasushi Maruta, Naoto Ishii and Jun Shikida (NEC Corporation,
Japan)
This paper describes our activities related to massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) for
use in 5G mobile communication networks. With the rapid increase in data traffic of broadband
mobile services and in the diversity of mobile services, increasing capacity without increasing
transmission power per cell is a key requirement for 5G wireless access. Massive MIMO is a
promising technology for meeting this requirement. Our research is focused on the achievement of
massive MIMO in a low super-high-frequency (SHF) band. These bands provide wide coverage
and are expected to be commercially available relatively sooner.
S3-3
A Hybrid Beamforming Architecture for High SHF Wide-band Massive MIMO in 5G
Akinori Taira, Satoshi Yamaguchi, Koji Tsutsumi, Shintaro Shinjo, Akihiro Okazaki and Atsushi
Okamura (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Japan)
In the 5th generation mobile communication system, large system capacity, low latency and
massive connection will be provided for novel and various applications. In order to realize these
features, we are developing high SHF band massive-MIMO system which can earn wide system
bandwidth and high spectral efficiency. Especially, the combination of analog beamforming
(APAA: Active Phased Array Antenna) and digital MIMO signal processing for the multi-beam
multiplexing is one of the promising approaches for reducing the complexity and power
consumption. In this paper, hybrid beamforming configuration for high SHF band massive-MIMO
system will be shown. Additionally the development results of fundamental technologies such as
APAA, RF components and digital signal processing are presented.
34
S3-4
Massive MIMO Technologies and Experimental Trials for 5G
Satoshi Suyama, Jun Mashino, Yoshihisa Kishiyama and Yukihiko Okumura (NTT DOCOMO, INC.,
Japan)
In order to provide a wide variety of mobile services and applications, the fifth-generation (5G)
mobile communication system has attracted much attention to improve system capacity much more
than the 4G system. The drastic improvement is mainly realized by small/semi-macro cell
deployment with much wider bandwidth in higher frequency bands. To cope with larger pathloss in
the higher frequency bands, Massive MIMO is one of key technologies to acquire beamforming
(BF) in addition to spatial multiplexing. This paper introduces 5G Massive MIMO technologies
including high-performance hybrid BF and novel digital BF schemes in addition to distributed
Massive MIMO concept with flexible antenna deployment. The latest 5G experimental trials using
the Massive MIMO technologies are also shown briefly.
S3-5
Study of Coordinated Radio Resource Scheduling Algorithm for 5G Ultra High-Density
Distributed Antenna Systems - Performance Evaluation of Large-Scale Coordinated
Multi-User MIMO Takashi Seyama, Masafumi Tsutsui, Teppei Oyama, Takaharu Kobayashi, Takashi Dateki, Hiroyuki
Seki and Morihiko Minowa (FUJITSU LIMITED, Japan); Tatsuki Okuyama, Satoshi Suyama and
Yukihiko Okumura (NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan)
In fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems, it is necessary to significantly increase
system capacity compared with 4G in order to support rapidly increasing mobile data traffic. Cell
densification has been considered an effective way to increase system capacity. However, severe
interference between transmission points (TP) slows system capacity improvement due to the
existence of line-of-sight interference TPs in a high-density small-cell environment. In this paper,
we propose large-scale coordinated multi-user MIMO (LSC-MU-MIMO), which combines joint
transmission from all the TPs connected via a centralized baseband unit (C-BBU) and MU-MIMO.
LSC-MU-MIMO can significantly reduce severe inter-TP interference. We compared
LSC-MU-MIMO using radio parameters assuming 5G with coordinated multi-point (CoMP) of
LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) through computer simulations. The simulation results show that
LSC-MU-MIMO is a much more promising solution than LTE-A CoMP, especially in an isolated
cluster scenario and in the case where clusters are geographically well separated. We also compare
distributed antennas and centralized antennas when fixing the total number of transmission
antennas. In addition to the simulation results, a preliminary experimental result in a radio anechoic
room is introduced.
S4: Heterogeneous Network for 5G Multi-RAT
S4-1
Study multi frequency performance evaluation for 5G by Multi-RAT simulator
Naoyuki Toyoda and Mitchell Mulder (Nokia, Japan)
The 5G New Radio interface requirements are diverse and cover multiple use case scenarios
( eMBB(enhanced mobile broadband), mMTC(massive machine-type-communications),
URLLC(ultra-reliable and low latency communications) ), as well as different deployments at
various frequency ranges. Different frequencies have different characteristic, thus many kind of
frequency characteristics are under study and HW PoC (Proof of Concept) systems are being
developed to show the specific benefits of each frequency. This paper will introduce new Radio
frame structure for 3GHz-40GHz and evaluation of results using real time Multi-RAT simulator.
S4-2
Optimal small cell selection technology for 5G heterogeneous networks
Hiroaki Asano (Panasonic Corporation, Japan); Noriyuki Shimizu, Masaaki Yoshino, Sojiro Norita
and Yasufumi Ichikawa (AVC Networks Company & Panasonic Corporation, Japan); Osamu Kato
(Panasonic Mobile Communications, Japan); Yoshifumi Morihiro and Yukihiko Okumura (NTT
DOCOMO, INC., Japan)
Recently research and development for realizing enhanced mobile broadband, massive device and
mission critical IoT are promoted for 5G networks. And many novel and effective services are
35
expected to become practical. In order to meet demands for mobile broadband services and traffic
volume, many frequency bands for cellular network will be discussed to be added and utilized. And
it will be desirable that wireless LANs and cellular systems are also mixed to be used. We are
discussing to realize high quality mobile video applications because 5G broadband features are
suitable for them. And we have proposed the optimal cell selection technology in 5G heterogeneous
mobile networks.
S4-3
Cooperative Management Approaches for Spectrum Sharing in 5G
Kentaro Ishizu, Homare Murakami and Fumihide Kojima (National Institute of Information and
Communications Technology, Japan)
This paper proposes an approach of 5G network where heterogeneous network is organized by
wireless systems operated by different administrators and managed in a coordinated way for
efficient and flexible utilization of the frequency bands assigned to them. The coordinated
management realizes optimized selection of Radio Access Technology (RAT) and spectrum sharing
crossing operators.
S4-4
Evaluation of mmWave Overlaid 5G Cellular HetNet - Suitable Frequency Bands for Different
5G KPIs Gia Khanh Tran and Hidekazu Shimodaira (Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan); Kei Sakaguchi
(Tokyo Institute of Technology & Fraunhofer HHI, Japan)
Mobile traffic is increasing exponentially year by year and it will be over 1000 times higher than
that of today in the near future. In order to tackle this matter, mmWave mobile access networks
which can provide several GHz bandwidth attract international attention. Focusing on 28GHz,
60GHz and 73GHz bands, this paper investigates suitable mmWave spectrum for 5G using our
developed system level simulator integrated with latest propagation model above 6GHz. Our
numerical results in terms of several 5G KPIs e.g. area spectral efficiency, energy efficiency etc.
will suggest preferable frequency bands for 5G.
S4-5
LTE/WiGig Radio Level Interworking for 5G Millimeter-wave Heterogeneous Networks
Hailan Peng, Kazuya Moriwaki and Yasuhiro Suegara (KDDI R&D Laboratories Inc., Japan)
Heterogeneous networks (HetNet) with different radio access technologies have been deployed to
support a range of communication services. Recently, the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) based
HetNet has been explored to provide multi-gigabits-per-second data rates over short distances in
the 60 GHz frequency band for 5G wireless networks. WiGig (Wireless Gigabit Alliance) is one of
the available radio access technologies using mm-wave. However, conventional interworking
solutions are not sufficient for the implementation of LTE (Long Term Evolution)/WiGig HetNets.
Since the coverage area of WiGig is very small due to the high propagation loss of the mm-wave
band signal, it is difficult for UEs (user equipment) to perform cell discovery and handover if using
conventional LTE/WLAN (wireless local area networks) interworking solutions, which do not
support specific techniques of WiGig, such as beamforming and new media access methods. This
paper introduces a radio level interworking architecture to enable 5G mm-wave based HetNets,
where, a LTE/WiGig protocol adaptor above the protocol stacks of WiGig is designed to process
and transfer control signaling and user data traffic. The proposed extended control plane can assist
UEs to discover and access mm-wave BSs successfully and support LTE macro cells to jointly
control the radio resources of both LTE and WiGig, so as to improve spectrum efficiency. The
effectiveness of the proposed interworking solution is shown. The inter-cell handover rate is
decreased and the user throughput is improved significantly.
36
A1: Signal Processing for Communications I
A1-1
Performance Evaluation of Interference Rejection Combining Receiver for Unlicensed
Spectrum
Jumpei Yamamoto (Hokkaido University, Japan); Nobuhiko Miki (Kagawa University, Japan)
In order to support the rapid increase of mobile traffic, LTE-based air interface is expected to be
employed in the unlicensed spectrum, which is called “Licensed-Assisted Access (LAA).” The LAA
terminal, which employs LTE-based air interface, suffer from the interference from WiFi access
points as well as LAA base station. The interference rejection combining (IRC) receiver, which
employs linear minimum mean square error (MMSE) filter, can suppress the interference from WiFi
access points in addition to LAA base station. This paper evaluates the performance of IRC receiver
to suppress the interference from WiFi access points based on the link-level simulation.
A1-2
A Low-Complexity Upgrade of the Hybrid DFE for Single-Carrier Block Transmission
Systems via Adaptive Multiple Decision Feedback
Jiun-Jie Jia, Jian-Yu Pan and Kuei-Chiang Lai (National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan)
To combat the inter-symbol interference in single-carrier block transmission systems, the hybrid
decision feedback equalizer (HDFE) is a low-complexity detector that combines a
frequency-domain feedforward filter and a time-domain feedback filter. To mitigate the error
propagation effect of HDFE, we propose in this paper the parallel HDFE (P-HDFE) algorithm that
comprises the primary HDFE and the auxiliary HDFEs. When the instant decision is deemed
reliable, only the primary HDFE is used for detection. Otherwise, both types of HDFEs run in
parallel for a period of time, with each HDFE driven by a distinct symbol hypothesis initially, to
generate multiple decision sequences. In the end, the best sequence among them is chosen as the
final decision sequence. Our study shows that, at moderate to high signal-to-noise ratios, P-HDFE
significantly outperforms HDFE with little increase in complexity.
A1-3
A Novel Method for Mitigating Timing Misalignment based on DFT Window Shifting in
Cellular Overlaying D2D Networks
Tsung-Yu Tsai and Yu-Nung Wei (Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering, National
Taiwan University, Taiwan); Zsehong Tsai (National Taiwan University, Taiwan)
In this paper, a novel approach, called Jumping DFT Window Method (JDWM), is proposed for
mitigating the impact of the sample-level timing misalignment (STM) among Device- to-Device
(D2D) devices under cellular overlaying D2D networks. The basic procedure of JDWM is shifting
the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) window in advance by a number of sample durations,
namely, jumping value. When the STM between two nearby D2D devices is bounded, it can be
proved when the bound satisfies certain condition, there exists at least one proper jumping value
such that the corresponding DFT window of a D2D receiver covers the range within only one
received OFDM symbol transmitted by each nearby D2D transmitter, which means the impact
caused by STM such as intercarrier interference and interblock interference can be fully mitigated.
An algorithm for searching the proper jumping value at the D2D receiver is also developed, and
this algorithm could reuse the existing reference signal structure for D2D data channel in LTE-A.
The simulation results show that JDWM could effectively mitigate ICI and IBI caused by STM,
and achieve a symbol error rate close to that under perfect global timing synchronization among
devices in the D2D network.
A1-4
Best Channel Selection by the Receiver for the Laser Beam Based WPT
Heedong Son, Boram Kim, Jeongsook Eom and YongWan Park (Yeungnam University, Korea);
Jeong-Hee Choi (Daegu University, Korea)
In this paper, we present the design and experimental implementation of the laser beam based
wireless power transmission (WPT), which has best WPT channel selection technique at the
receiver side. The transmitter sends the transmission channel information via optically modulated
laser pulses. The receiver uses the intensity and digitized data to choose an optimum power
transmission path. We demonstrate three experiments with a different energy receiving channels.
37
A1-5
Estimate the Astronomical Seeing by Using Digital Signal Processing
David Shiung (National Changhua University of Education, Taiwan); Ya-Yin Yang and Chu-Sing
Yang (National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan); Jhang-Syun Liou (National Changhua University
of Education, Taiwan)
In this paper, we extend the field of wireless communication to astronomical observation. In
particular, we model the process of starlight detection as a new paradigm of wireless
communication. The generalized system consists of remote sidereal stars, a camera for image
recording, and the atmosphere between them. The communication begins from starlight (signal
source) traveling through the atmosphere (time-varying channel), and is recorded by a camera
(receiver) on the Earth. By using digital signal processing (DSP), we first remove the noise
embedded in the image and fit the noise-removed star image to an optimized 3-dimensional (3D)
surface. Through measuring the full-width half-maximum (FWHM) of the fitted surface, we
estimate the degree of atmospheric turbulence, also called astronomical seeing, which is useful for
other astronomical observations, e.g., active optics.
A2: Relaying I
A2-1
Non-linear Precoding Using Ordered Cholesky Factorization for Physical Layer Network
Coding
Yuto Nagai and Satoshi Denno (Okayama University, Japan)
Physical layer network coding is known to double frequency utilization efficiency in bidirectional
wireless relaying systems. This paper proposes a non-linear precoding for further transmission
performance improvement and complexity reduction of relays in multiple input multiple output
(MIMO) relaying systems. The precoding is based on the minimum mean square error (MMSE)
criteria. The ordering enhances the precoder to improve the performance. When the proposed
precoding is applied to the transmitters on the terminals, the receivers of the relays can be
implemented with amplifiers and slicers. The relays does not need any arithmetic signal operations.
On the other hand, we derive simultaneous equations which give us the optimum modulus values
for the precoders on the terminals. Furthermore, the optimum modulus values are found that enable
the bidirectional MIMO relay system to achieve almost the optimum performance. The
performance is confirmed by computer simulation. The proposed precoding achieves 20dB better
performance than conventional ZF precoding at BER of 10-3 in a 2-hop MIMO bidirectional
conventional relaying systems.
A2-2
Rate-Split Dynamic Decode-and-Forward Protocol for Feedback-Aided Cooperative
Communications
Hsiao-feng Francis Lu (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan)
A two-phase, rate-split dynamic decode-and-forward (RSDDF) protocol for a cooperative network
formed by one source, multiple relays and one destination is proposed and investigated in this paper.
Assuming that each node has perfect channel state information (CSI) of its incoming channels and
that the destination has additional partial CSI knowledge of all other links in the system, the
operating parameters of rate-split  and time-split t are first explicitly calculated at the destination
and then fed back to all nodes in the system. According to , the source splits the average
transmission rate R into R1 and R2 for the transmission in each phase, where the number of channel
uses is determined by the rational number t. A further simplified RSDDF protocol that is
independent of the number of relays is also proposed. It is shown that both protocols achieve the
optimal cooperative diversity-gain performance derived from the information-theoretic cut-set
bound. Compared to the existing DDF and compress-forward protocols, the new protocols are
much simpler and completely scalable, and achieve the optimal performance in finite number of
channel uses.
38
A2-3
Performance Study of Relay Node in Cooperative Transmission at 2.4GHz Industrial Wireless
Network
Nur Alyaa Alias and Tetsushi Ikegami (Meiji University, Japan)
In wireless multihop transmission, there is a data transmission method called cooperative
transmission which exploits spatial diversity by transmitting signals from source (S) node via relay
(R) nodes and then combining the direct and relay transmissions at the destination (D) node. In this
study, we studied about the factors affecting BER performances when the relay node is placed at
different locations in 2.4GHz indoor industrial wireless network. We compared the BER
performances when using Rician fading channel with different K factors. Next, we investigate the
relation between the transmission power of source and relay nodes with the locations of relay node.
A2-4
Joint Channel Estimation and Training Signal Design for Two-way MIMO Relay Systems
Huiming Chen (The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong); Xiaohan Zhong (Sichuan University,
P.R. China)
In this paper, a two-stage channel estimation scheme for two-way MIMO relay systems with a
single relay antenna is proposed. The backward channel is estimated by using linear minimum
mean square estimator (LMMSE) at the first stage, where the optimal training signal is designed.
We then mainly focus on the forward channel estimation by using singular value decomposition
(SVD) based maximum likelihood method, and the related training signal is proposed. We note that
the forward channel estimator is nonlinear and by analyzing the asymptotic Bayesian Cramér-rao
Lower Bound (BCRLB), we seek BCRLB as the criterion for training signal design. Finally, the
numerical results show that the proposed training signal can improve the MSE performance.
A2-5
Joint relay selection and power allocation for cooperative jamming in amplify-and-forward
relay network with eavesdropper
Yongyun Choi and Jae Hong Lee (Seoul National University, Korea)
In this paper, we propose joint relay selection and power allocation scheme for a two-hop
amplify-and-forward relaying network with cooperative jamming where a source and destination
transmit jamming signals. The secrecy outage probability is defined and obtained in closed form.
An optimization problem which finds optimal relay and power is formulated to minimize the
secrecy outage probability. Simulation results show that the proposed relay selection and power
allocation scheme improves the secrecy outage probability.
A3: Modulation and Coding I
A3-1
Coding for FFH/MFSK Systems under MTJ
Yu-Sun Liu and Bi-Man Jhu (National Taipei University of Technology, Taiwan)
Making use of error control coding to resist jamming is one of the most important research issues in
the design of fast frequency-hopping spread-spectrum M-ary frequency shift keying military
communication systems. In this paper, the performances of several soft-decoding concatenated
coding schemes are investigated under multi-tone jamming. The pros and cons of each scheme are
explored, and several designing guidelines are observed.
A3-2
A Cross-Linking Method for Layered BP decoding of LDPC codes
Myeongwoo Lee, Taehyun Kim, JongHyun Baik and Jun Heo (Korea University, Korea)
In this paper, we propose a novel scheduling method of the layered belief propagation (LBP) for
low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. The proposed schedule is a fixed decoding schedule with a
cross-linking of front part and latter part of parity check matrix in WiGig codes. According to
sequential decoding, the proposed decoder achieves faster convergence speed and higher
throughput than conventional LBP. Simulation results show that the proposed scheduling reduces
the number of iterations.
39
A3-3
Investigation on Frozen Bit Determination Method of Polar Code
Yoshiyuki Watanabe (Kagawa University, Japan); Satoshi Suyama and Satoshi Nagata (NTT
DOCOMO, Inc., Japan); Nobuhiko Miki (Kagawa University, Japan)
In the next generation radio access, extremely high and diverse performance is required. In order to
meet such demands, one of the promising candidates for channel coding is polar code. In the polar
code, the frozen bit, i.e., unreliable bits, needs to be effectively selected, since inappropriate frozen
bits degrade the performance. This paper proposes the novel frozen bits determination methods
employing the polar code construction based on target error rate instead of signal-to-noise power
ratio (SNR). This is because the operating SNR is different for different coding rate assuming
adaptive coding rate, which is the inevitable technique in the mobile communications. Furthermore,
the performance of the proposed scheme are compared with the conventional scheme, and it is
showed that the proposed scheme works well.
A3-4
A Type-II HARQ Scheme with Re-encoded Redundancy
Chia-Chi Lu and Tofar Chih-Yuan Chang (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan); Tsu-Hsuan
Chien (MediaTek Inc., Taiwan); Yu T. Su (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan)
In this paper, we propose a new HARQ protocol based on rate-compatible shortened low-density
parity-check (LDPC) code. A distinct feature of the new HARQ protocol is: when a packet (frame)
fails to pass the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) test and the system is operating at a rate lower than
that of the mother code, the corresponding re-transmitted packet will consists of a coded payload
resulted from systematic encoding a fraction of the original bits plus new data bits. The doubly
encoded part plays the role of bridging two (component) codewords, or equivalently, building a
larger code out of smaller codes. Various decoding schedules that exchange messages between two
or even more packets (component codewords) become available and the decoding performance is
much improved. For example, if the re-encoded bits are successfully decoded, they will be used as
shortened bits to decode the negative acknowledgement (NAK) frame which has encoded the same
set of bits. Even if the re-encoded bits are not CRC-proved, the corresponding log likelihood ratio
(LLR) information can still be forwarded to the other related packets for decoding. Numerical
results show that, compared with the conventional HARQ protocol, our approach provides
significant better throughput performance in the low SNR region.
A3-5
Practical Dirty Paper Coding Scheme Using LDPC Codes
Taehyun Kim and Jun Heo (Korea University, Korea)
In this paper, we present a construction of dirty paper coding (DPC) scheme based on low density
parity check (LDPC) codes. Unlike previous DPC schemes using joint iterative decoding between
channel codes decoder and shaping code decoder, the proposed scheme use an error correction code
decoder with an additional operation which has low complexity. Since the decoder structure is
similar with conventional decoder structure, it can be easily implemented in practice. The error
performance is significantly improved compared to previous DPC schemes based on LDPC codes.
A4: mmWave Communications
A4-1
Spatial Beamforming Codebook Design for Indoor Multi-User mmWave Communications
Tzung-Hua Tsai and Chi-chao Chao (National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan)
A spatial beamforming codebook design is proposed for multi-user multiple-input multiple-output
(MIMO) orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems under the IEEE 802.15.3c
channel models. The codebook includes two types of beamforming patterns: one enhancing the
desired signal with maximum beamforming gain and the other reducing the interference with
minimum beamforming gain. The arrangement of beamforming patterns is based on the statistical
property of millimeter wave (mmWave) channels. Simulation results demonstrate that our
codebook has substantial performance improvement under different numbers of beamforming
patterns, antennas, and users. We also show that the proposed codebook is robust to multi-user
interference.
40
A4-2
Retransmission Subcarrier-Block Phase Hopping with Space Spreading Selection for
Millimeter-Wave MIMO-OFDM Systems
Yuyuan Chang, Takeshi Ryo and Kazuhiko Fukawa (Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan)
Since the millimeter wave (mm-Wave) MIMO-OFDM transmission aims at short distance
communications, the channels of the mm-Wave MIMO-OFDM systems are likely to be quasi-static,
and thus the number of retransmitted packets cannot be reduced in retransmission systems. To solve
this problem, we propose a scheme based on subcarrier-block phase hopping (SBPH) for the
transmission or retransmission over the mm-Wave channel. SBPH divides the overall subcarriers
into blocks and multiplies them by a selected phase pattern, which can minimize the
peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) and also can randomize the channel transfer function. The
proposed retransmission SBPH (RSBPH) scheme selects the best phase pattern to minimize the
PAPR from the set of the quantized phase patterns except those used in the previous transmission
and retransmissions. On the other hand, SBPH performs spatial spreading for the transmitted
signals in order to gain spatial diversity effects of MIMO systems. When the line of sight (LOS)
components are strong, however, the spatial spreading cannot exploit the spatial diversity and even
deteriorates the transmission performance. To cope with such degradation, the proposed RSBPH
determines whether the spatial spreading should be conducted or not, according to the channel
conditions. Computer simulations under Rician multipath fading conditions with phase noise show
that the proposed scheme is superior to conventional schemes in the throughput performance with
fewer retransmissions and also can maintain low PAPR.
A4-3
Tile-Based Deployment Method for mmWave Communications
Lei Yen and Hsin-Piao Lin (National Taipei University of Technology, Taiwan); Ming-Chien Tseng
and Kun-Yi Lin (Industrial Technology Research Institute, Taiwan); Shiann-Shiun Jeng (National
Dong Hwa University, Taiwan)
This paper proposes the distributed tile structure based indoor deployment method at Millimeter
Wave (mmWave) bands with the fronthaul of Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN) in
conjunction with Distributed Antenna System (DAS), Fractional Frequency Reuse (FFR) and
Carrier Aggregation (CA) techniques, which resolves the poor downlink transmission quality
problem due to the short transmission range at mmWave bands. The so-called "tile" defined in this
paper means the service area of a Radio Access Unit (RAU) in C-RAN and covered by the square
radiation pattern created by four horn antennas. Apart from breaking down the large indoor radio
propagation area into a cluster of modular small tile propagation areas in conjunction with
DAS+FFR for co-channel interference (CCI) avoidance between adjacent tiles, we adopt CA
among adjacent tiles such that to enhance the downlink transmission quality. Simulation results
show that, for the tile structure with DAS+FFR technique, the case of adoption of CA contributes
maximally 176.29% in terms of overall throughput increment from the case of without adoption of
CA.
A4-4
Statistical Prediction of Human Blockage for Camera-assisted mmWave Communications
Yusuke Koda (Kyoto University, Japan); Yuta Oguma (Kyoto University & Graduate School of
Informatics, Japan); Takayuki Nishio, Koji Yamamoto and Masahiro Morikura (Kyoto University,
Japan)
This paper proposes a statistical prediction scheme of human blockage for millimeter wave
(mmWave) communications. Link quality of mmWave communications drastically decreases due to
human blockage. For avoiding the throughput degradation caused by human blockage, we have
proposed a camera-assisted mmWave communication system where RGB and depth (RGB-D)
cameras observe communication areas and a proactive handover is conducted based on the
observation. This paper discusses a scheme which statistically estimates a line-of-sight (LOS) path
between an access point and a station and predicts an instant when human blockage occurs from
measured throughputs and coordinates of pedestrians obtained by the RGB-D cameras. In the
proposed scheme, a geographical area of a LOS path is estimated by Bayesian inference, a
pedestrian mobility is predicted based on auto regressive (AR) model, and an instant when the
pedestrian blocks the LOS path is predicted by using estimated geographical area of the LOS path
and predicted the mobility of the pedestrian. To confirm the feasibility of the prediction system, the
41
proof-of-concept experiments using IEEE 802.11ad devices were conducted. Our experimental
results show that the prediction error of an instant when a pedestrian blocks a LOS path was
reduced by iterating the estimation of a geographical area of a LOS path.
A4-5
Experimental Performance Evaluation of Single Carrier Visible Light Communication with
Frequency Domain Equalization
Shunsuke Fujitaka and Satoshi Denno (Okayama University, Japan)
While the use of orthogonal frequency division multiplex(OFDM) has been considered in visible
light communications to combat with delay spread in channels. Single carrier transmission with
equalization also has been investigated. This paper evaluates the performance of single carrier
visible light communication with frequency domain equalization in channels with channel impulse
response obtained by hardware experiment. The performance is actually evaluated by computer
simulation, in other words, while channel impulse response in a visible light channel is measured in
a hardware experimental setup. Channel bandwidth is set to 20MHz, 40MHz and 80MHz in the
measurement to evaluate the performance of broadband wireless communications in visible light
communication band, so called, Terahertz band.
A5: Heterogeneous Networks I
A5-1
Initial Cell Search Time Performance in Heterogeneous Networks with Same Frequency
Spectrum
Naoki Noguchi and Mamoru Sawahashi (Tokyo City University, Japan); Satoshi Nagata (NTT
DOCOMO Inc., Japan)
This paper presents the primary synchronization signal (PSS) detection time and initial cell search
time performance based on the Long Term Evolution (LTE) radio interface in heterogeneous
networks with the same frequency spectrum. We first derive numerical analysis on the PSS
detection probability in a single-macrocell environment. Through comparisons of the simulation
results with the analytical results, we show the validity of the computer simulation results. Then,
based on system-level simulations, we show that a fast initial cell search of less than 100 ms at the
cell ID detection probability of 95% in the cumulative distribution function (CDF) is achieved in
heterogeneous networks with the same frequency spectrum. We also show that receive diversity
with up to four antennas is beneficial in achieving fast initial cell search times in heterogeneous
networks with the same frequency spectrum.
A5-2
Effect of Transmit Diversity on Cell Search Using Two-Step Frequency Offset Estimation in
Heterogeneous Networks
Aya Shimura, Naoki Noguchi and Mamoru Sawahashi (Tokyo City University, Japan); Satoshi
Nagata and Yoshihisa Kishiyama (NTT DOCOMO, Inc., Japan)
This paper presents the effect of precoding vector switching (PVS) transmit diversity on the initial
cell search using two-step frequency offset estimation for a small cell in heterogeneous networks
with separate frequency spectra. Link-level simulation results first show that PVS transmit diversity
is effective in decreasing the frequency offset estimation error for the two-step frequency offset
estimation for a small cell under a low received SNR condition. Moreover, system-level simulation
results show that the cell search time when using PVS transmit diversity at the cell ID detection
probability of 95% is reduced by approximately 60 ms compared to that with a one-antenna
transmitter. Through the system-level simulations, we show that PVS transmit diversity is
beneficial in achieving a fast cell search time for the cell search method using the two-step
frequency offset estimation due to the decreasing miss and false detections of the primary
synchronization signal and secondary synchronization signal sequences in heterogeneous networks.
A5-3
Throughput Performance of Adaptive Control CRE in HetNet Incorporating eICIC
Norihiro Naganuma, Sho Nakazawa and Hiroyuki Otsuka (Kogakuin University, Japan)
This paper describes the performance of a state-of-the-art cell range expansion (CRE) technique: an
adaptive control CRE in Heterogeneous Network (HetNet) incorporating enhanced inter-cell
42
interference coordination (eICIC). The features of the proposed adaptive control CRE technique
describes through comparison with those of conventional methods. The average and the
5-percentile user throughput are described by system-level computer simulation as parameters of
almost blank subframes (ABSs) ratio for eICIC. This approach provides a remarkably effective
solution in a HetNet incorporating eICIC.
A5-4
A Study on Improvement in Convergence Rate of Adaptive User Association Method for
System Throughput Maximization
Sho Fukuhara and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
This paper enhances our previously reported user association method to maximize the downlink
system throughput in a cellular network, where the system throughput is defined based on (p,
α)-proportional fairness. The aim of this investigation is to improve the convergence rate of the
iterative algorithm. The proposed method assumes a fully decentralized approach, which is
practical in a real system as complicated inter-base station (BS) cooperation is not required. In the
proposed method, each BS periodically and individually broadcasts supplemental information
regarding the bandwidth allocation to newly connected users. Assisted by this information, each
user calculates the expected throughput that will be obtained by connecting the respective BSs.
Each user terminal feeds back the metric for user association to the temporally best BS, which
represents a relative increase in throughput through re-association to that BS. Based on the reported
metrics from multiple users, each BS individually updates the user association. In the enhanced
method proposed in the paper, we apply low-pass filtering to the supplemental information
regarding the bandwidth allocation for newly added users and allow for the update of association of
multiple users simultaneously with threshold-based decision. We show through computer
simulation that the proposed method improves the convergence rate of the original method while
avoiding the oscillation of user association after sufficient number of iterations in algorithm, which
means the avoidance of the ping-pong handovers.
A5-5
Pioneering Dual-Connectivity Handover Scheme in C/U Split Networks
Wei-Shih Lin, Ping–Jung Hsieh and Hung-Yu Wei (National Taiwan University, Taiwan)
The handover failure (HOF) occurs frequently in previous work. Moreover, the radio resource
control (RRC) layer (L3) measurement reports are only considered in existing handover (HO)
schemes in evaluating the performance in terms of HOFs. In fact, physical layer (L1) measurements
at the user equipment (UE) should be taken into account for radio link monitor process (RLMP) to
decide whether the HOF occurs. Therefore, we take both of L1 measurements at the UE and L3
measurements at the macro evolved Node B (eNB) to evaluate the HOF rate. In addition, we
propose the pioneering handover (PHO) scheme which integrates carrier aggregation (CA) and dual
connectivity (DC) techniques to reduce the HOF rate and improve transmission throughput. The
simulation results show that the PHO excels existing handover schemes in HOF rate, ping-pong
(PP) rate and transmission throughput.
43
B1: Non-orthogonal Multiple Access
B1-1
Non-orthogonal Multiple Access with Joint ML Detection in Heterogeneous Network
Natsumi Kashiba, Takahiro Yazaki, Kenji Ando and Yukitoshi Sanada (Keio University, Japan)
Interference owing to a signal from a macro cell base station limits the offloading capability of a
pico cell as well as the total throughput of heterogeneous network. In this paper, the joint ML
detection is applied to heterogeneous NOMA network. The numerical results obtained through
system level simulation show that the joint ML detection can effectively realize the offloading of
mobile traffic from the macro base station to the pico base station in the heterogeneous NOMA
downlink.
B1-2
Energy Efficient Resource Allocation with QoS for Non-orthogonal Multiple Access
Communications
Ya-Wen Huang and Jen-Ming Wu (National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan)
In this paper, we present joint subcarrier and power allocation schemes to optimize the energy
efficiency for non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) multi-channels downlink communications.
In a NOMA system, each subband can be shared by L users simultaneously, which leads to higher
spectral efficiency than the Orthogonal Multiple Access (OMA) system. The joint subchannel and
power allocation that exploit the multiuser diversity is a mixed binary integer programming
problem and is NP hard. The optimization usually adopts iterative approaches and the energy
efficiency performance is subject to the initializations. In this paper, the optimal energy efficiency
bound for NOMA is studied with unconstrained number of overlapped users L. The proposed
schemes leverage on the devised energy bound condition to reformulate the resource allocation
problem with fixed L to achieve near optimal performance. Starting with optimal bound with
unconstrained L, the subchannels are carefully assigned to users with fixed L. The power is
redistributed based on minimum increase of power consumption while satisfying the the minimum
transmission rate requirement of each user for QoS. The total transmission power is minimized
with bounded error rate for each user to maintain the quality of service (QoS). Simulation results
show that significant power and diversity gain are achievable comparing with the conventional
resource allocation approaches. The comparison of complexities of the proposed algorithms with
prior arts are also presented.
B1-3
Performance Evaluation of System-level Throughput of NOMA with SIC in Cellular MIMO
Downlink under FTP Traffic Model
Masahiro Kimura and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
We investigate and compare the system-level throughput of the non-orthogonal multiple access
(NOMA) with a successive interference canceller (SIC) and orthogonal multiple access (OMA) in
the cellular multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) downlink under realistic file transfer protocol
(FTP) traffic model. With FTP traffic model, a user is assigned a finite payload to transmit when it
arrives, and it leaves the system after the payload transmission is completed. This FTP traffic model
is more realistic than the full-buffer traffic model, which is assumed in previous investigations on
NOMA. Furthermore, we evaluate the system-level throughput with various user scheduling
criteria. Under realistic finite-payload traffic model, the very high throughput gain at the cell
vicinity by using NOMA can be translated to the improvement of cell-edge user experience.
Through the extensive computer simulations, we clarify the behavior of NOMA with SIC under
realistic traffic model in conjunction with various user scheduling criteria. The simulation results
suggest that NOMA with SIC is a promising multiple access schemes for systems beyond 4G even
when the base station (BS) has multiple transmitter antennas.
B1-4
Investigation on Soft-Symbol Estimation Methods for Turbo SIC in OFDM Using
Faster-than-Nyquist Signaling
Bin Zheng, Yuki Yamada and Mamoru Sawahashi (Tokyo City University, Japan); Keisuke Saito
(NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan)
This paper presents the effect of the soft-symbol estimation method for the turbo soft-interference
canceller (SIC) on the average block error rate (BLER) for orthogonal frequency division
44
multiplexing (OFDM) using Faster-than-Nyquist (FTN) signaling. Computer simulation results
show that the turbo SIC employing the a posteriori log-likelihood ratio (LLR) at the
Max-Log-MAP (maximum a posteriori probability) decoder output for generating the soft-symbol
estimation achieves a better average BLER performance level compared to that using the extrinsic
LLR. Moreover, we show that the structure using the a posteriori LLR at the FTN demapping
output for the succeeding Max-Log-MAP decoder in the second iteration or later achieves a better
average BLER performance level compared to that based on the extrinsic LLR. By using the turbo
SIC based on the a posteriori LLR, the loss in the required average received signal-to-noise power
ratio (SNR) at the average BLER of 10-2 using FTN signaling from cyclic prefix-based OFDM is
suppressed to within approximately 2 dB for the frequency efficiency improvement factor of 16/14.
B1-5
Complexity Reduction through Coordinate Rotation to Summation and Subtraction Metric
Takashi Ikeuchi, Takayoshi Aoki and Yukitoshi Sanada (Keio University, Japan)
This paper presents a complexity reduction scheme that applies coordinate rotation to a summation
and subtraction (SS) metric in joint maximum-likelihood detection (MLD) for overloaded
multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)
systems. In the overloaded MIMO systems, a nonlinear detection scheme such as MLD combined
with error correction coding achieves superior performance than that of a single signal stream with
higher order modulation. However, MLD demands larger computational complexity because of
multiplications for selecting candidate signal points. In order to reduce the computational
complexity, a Manhattan metric substitutes for an Euclidean metric. However, it is not accurate
enough to select the best candidate all the time and the error causes performance deterioration in
overloaded MIMO systems. The SS metric is proposed to overcome this problem. This metric has
improved bit error rate (BER) performance by 0.2dB as compared to that with a Manhattan metric
at the BER of 10-4. In this paper, a complexity reduction scheme through coordinate rotation for the
SS metric is proposed. With the proposed scheme, the number of summations for calculating the
metric decreases as compare to the conventional SS metric. Numerical results obtained through
computer simulation show that no BER degradation is observed with the proposed scheme as
compared to that with the original SS metric.
B2: Sensor Networks
B2-1
Impact of Capture on Throughput Performance of Contending-type MAC Scheme in Wireless
Passive Sensor Networks
Heewon Seo, Jun Ha, Jin Kyung Park and Cheon Won Choi (Dankook University, Korea)
Theoretically, a wireless passive sensor network, in which sensor nodes are powered by separate
RF sources, can live an eternal life without recharging or replacing batteries. Against theoretical
expectations, however, a wireless passive sensor network suffers from many practical difficulties.
Due to the difficulties, a simple contending-type MAC scheme has to be employed inevitably rather
than a sophisticated scheduling-type scheme. In this paper, we consider a contending-type MAC
scheme, which is rooted in framed and slotted ALOHA, for sensor nodes to deliver packets to a
sink node in w wireless passive sensor network. Next, we investigate the throughput achieved by
the MAC scheme. Especially, focusing on the irregularity in the locations where sensor nodes are
initially deployed and the uncertainty in the power losses that transmitted packets experience, we
uncover the event that no capture occurs. Using the throughput brought by the event, we then reveal
the impact of the capture phenomenon on the throughput performance.
B2-2
Cooperative Range-Skyline Query Processing in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks
Zulhaydar Akbar, Chuan-Chi Lai and Chuan-Ming Liu (National Taipei University of Technology,
Taiwan)
A Range-Skyline Query (RSQ) is the combination of a range query and a skyline query and it is
one of the practical query types in multi-criterion decision services, which may include the spatial
and non-spatial information. Due to the multi-criterion decision, the range-skyline search may
return some results of which the location is far away from the query point, thus being the useless
45
information to the users. We therefore consider the range skyline query, which will produce the
skyline within a given range in Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks (MWSNs). Most of existing
approaches process the skyline or range-skyline in a centralized way since they assume that the
data is stored in a centralized fashion. Some methods process queries in a distributed manner but do
not consider moving data objects. In this paper, we propose a cooperative approach to process
range-skyline query in a distributed way while considering moving data objects in mobile wireless
sensor networks.
B2-3
Providing Stochastic Delay Guarantees in Personal Area Sensor Networks
Ching Wen Yeh and Zsehong Tsai (National Taiwan University, Taiwan)
Provisioning of Quality of Service (QoS) in personal area sensor networks is challenging due to
unique traffic flows of sensor applications and the fluctuation behavior of wireless capacity. In this
paper, we propose a novel approach to model stochastic properties of both wireless channels and
sensor application traffic processes. We employ a stochastic performance bound called the
exponentially bounded fluctuation (EBF) to model the wireless channel. For sensor traffic
processes, we employ the so called exponentially bounded burstiness (EBB) to characterize its
stochastic arrivals. We then modify Yaron and Sidi's method to predict the probability of satisfying
the targeted delay guarantee. Our prediction is validated via measurements in a real IEEE 802.11ac
network environment as well as observations via ns-3 simulations. We include the 802.11ac
collision issue in the model and then implement a call admission control to avoid traffic overload.
In the final result, we demonstrate that the call admission control and our model can be employed
to provide stochastic delay guarantees in typical personal area sensor networks.
B2-4
Improving Fingerprinting-based RFID Localization Accuracy Using Computer Vision Assisted
Sensor Deployment Technology
Chun-Hao Kao, Rong-Shue Hsiao, Tian-Xiang Chen and Kai-Wei Ke (National Taipei University of
Technology, Taiwan)
RFID technology is one of the promising technologies enabling the realization of Internet of Things.
However, the current major application is its identification ability. The applications will be
increased if we can allow RFID technology to have the capability of accurate localization. This
paper proposes a new sensor deployment method for improving the indoor localization accuracy.
The proposed method integrates computer vision technology while employing a genetic algorithm
to find the appropriate locations to deploy RFID reader antennas. The proposed method was
applied to a fingerprinting based indoor localization system. The result showed that the localization
accuracy can be improved.
B2-5
Lifetime Improvement by Extended LEACH with Energy Harvest in Wireless Sensor Network
T. Onishi, Takahiro Sekii and Shigeaki Ogose (Kagawa University, Japan)
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of a large number of sensor nodes to collect sensing data.
It is applied to various fields such as agriculture, crime prevention and disaster prevention. In this
case, sensor nodes are usually driven by battery energy. Thus, running out of battery energy
becomes serious problem. In this case, it is difficult to change the batteries of all nodes. Because of
this, it is important to extend lifetime of WSN. To extend lifetime, Low Energy Adaptive Clustering
Hierarchy (LEACH) has been proposed. On the other hand, the adoption of energy harvest
technology also has been proposed. In addition the method that applies energy harvest to LEACH
has been proposed. However, these methods have some problems. In LEACH, Cluster Head (CH)
is chosen from among nodes without considering the remaining energy of node. Thus, when the
node which has little energy is chosen CH, the battery of the node die. To equip energy harvest
devices to all nodes causes rising system costs. Energy harvest has problem that the amount of
generated energy is unstable in real situation. To solve these problems, this paper proposes LEACH
with Partial Energy Harvest (LPEH), Extend LEACH with Energy Harvest (ELEH). and ELEH
with sleep operation. In LPEH, the number of energy harvest nodes is limited to avoid the rising
costs. In ELEH, CH is chosen from only energy harvest nodes to extend lifetime effectively. In
ELEH with sleep operation, when the amount of battery energy of n-th node decreases, it becomes
in sleep mode. When the amount of battery energy of n-th node is recharged by energy harvest, it
becomes in active mode.
46
B3: Massive MIMO
B3-1
A Tree-search Based Low-complexity Massive MIMO Detector For Generalized Space Shift
Keying Schemes
Yen-Ming Chen (Chung Yuan Christian University, Taiwan); Chi-Fu Lin, Wei-Min Lai and
Yeong-Luh Ueng (National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan)
Aimed at the emerging massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems, in this paper, we
investigate a hard-decision MIMO detector for the generalized space shift keying (GSSK)
modulation scheme, where a tree search (TS) based algorithm is used to reduce the detection
complexity. The comparison between the proposed TS detector and other low-complexity GSSK
detectors reported in the previous literature is also provided. A satisfactory error performance and a
significant reduction in computational complexity can be observed when using the proposed TS
detector, especially for the cases with large codebook sizes or active antennas numbers.
B3-2
Fast Group Detection Schemes For Massive MIMOs
Chen Bosing, Hoang-Yang Lu and Mao-Hsu Yen (National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan)
In this paper we proposed two fast group detection schemes for massive MIMO systems. First, we
choose a number G, (e.g. G = 2 or G = 3) as the size of each group. Then, the proposed schemes
recursively compute the MMSE detectors group by group to facilitate symbol detection. Specially,
to avoid the requirement of huge complexity for directly computing the MMSE detectors, the
proposed schemes recursively find the corresponding assistant matrices to assist the determination
of the groups and the calculation of the MMSE detectors. As a result, the transmitted symbols can
be recursively estimated group by group. Finally, simulation results and complexity analysis show
the proposed schemes can achieve near to the performance of the conventional V-BLAST at a
significant saving of computational complexity.
B3-3
Uplink Throughput with Coordinated Reception Considering Functional Split in Fronthaul
Link
Takahiro Kubo, Takahiro Asai, Tatsuki Okuyama, Satoshi Suyama and Yukihiko Okumura (NTT
DOCOMO, Inc., Japan)
This paper presents a comparative evaluation of the uplink throughput performance of multi-user
MIMO with coordinated reception considering various functional split candidates in the fronthaul
link, i.e., the link between the baseband unit (BBU) and remote antenna unit (RAU), together with
the required line rate in the fronthaul link. In the evaluation, two deployment scenarios are assumed
for coordinated reception: (i) distributed antennas in which several RAUs with a small number of
antenna elements are deployed and (ii) massive antennas in which a few RAUs with a large number
of antenna elements are deployed. Numerical results show the performance trade-off between the
uplink throughput and the required line rate in the frontfaul for each scenario.
B3-4
A Study on Transmitter Beamforming Control Based on Firefly Algorithm for Massive MIMO
Systems
Takashi Yamanaka and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
In massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) downlink, the transmitter beamforming (BF) to
achieve the beamforming (power) gain and/or reduction in inter-user interference in multiuser
MIMO case based on the channel state information (CSI)-feedback from the user terminals is
essential. However, the error in CSI at the base station transmitter (CSIT) severely degrades the
performance of the transmitter BF, where the error in CSIT occurs due to the limited received
signal power of pilot signal (reference signal) for CSI measurement and inter-pilot signal
interference due to the reuse of the same pilot signal pattern among cells which is called pilot
contamination. In order to mitigate the BF performance loss due to erroneous CSIT, we propose a
transmitter BF control based on firefly algorithm (FA). FA is a kind of swarm intelligence and by
mimicking the behavior of fireflies which moves toward neighbor fireflies based on distance and
brightness of the neighbor fireflies, the solution to the multimodal optimization is obtained
efficiently. By setting the phase vector corresponding to the BF vector as a position of the firefly
and the obtainable throughput by using that the BF vector as a brightness of the firefly, we apply
47
the FA to the BF control. We show the throughput performance of the proposed BF control based
on FA by using computer simulations.
B4: Heterogeneous Networks II
B4-1
Joint Power and Frequency-Domain Inter-Cell Interference Coordination in Heterogeneous
Networks
Sho Takano and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
We propose a joint power and frequency-domain inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) method
for heterogeneous networks where low transmission-power pico base stations (BSs) overlay onto a
high transmission-power macro BS. To protect users connected to a pico BS from interference from
high-power macro BS, we define the protected band, which is exclusively used by only pico BSs.
At the remaining non-protected band, we employ the soft fractional frequency reuse (SFR) so that
the macro-to-macro ICIC is achieved. With this frequency usage, we employ adaptive transmission
power control to the non-protected band at macro BS and control of the bandwidth allocation to
protected band simultaneously from a viewpoint of proportional fairness (PF). The proposed
method is achieved with very limited information exchange between BSs. Computer simulation
results show the effectiveness of the proposed method compared to conventional approaches under
various system conditions.
B4-2
Distributed Coverage and Capacity Joint Optimization for Ultra-Dense Small Cell Deployment
in 5G Systems
Ya-Ju Yu (Institute for Information Industry, Taiwan); Yen-Ju Chen, Ai-Chun Pang and Chih-Sheng
Wang (National Taiwan University, Taiwan); Jun-Jie Su (ITRI, Taiwan)
To support the rapid growth of mobile data traffic, deploying ultra-dense small cells is regarded as a
promising solution for 5G operators to improve network coverage and capacity with low cost. The
network coverage and capacity of a small cell are respectively affected by its pilot power and traffic
power, and the summation of the two power quantities is bounded by the total transmit power
which depends on the power supply of the small cell. Thus, how to deal with the trade-off between
the pilot and the traffic power allocation is one of the important issues for ultra-dense small cell
deployment. This paper studies the power allocation problem, with the goal of jointly optimizing
the network coverage and capacity, for the ultra-dense small cell deployment in 5G cellular systems.
We formulate the target problem as a multi-objective optimization problem and propose a
distributed optimal algorithm by Lagrangian method. We conduct a series of simulations to
evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithm, and the simulation results confirm that
compared with two baseline approaches, our proposed algorithm can significantly improve the
network coverage and capacity.
B4-3
Throughput Improvement with Multiple Antennas and Channel Allocation for Ultra-Dense
Femtocells
Ang-Hsun Tsai and Chung-Hsien Tsai (Chung Cheng Institute of Technology, National Defense
University, Taiwan); Li-Chun Wang (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan)
In this paper, we investigate the impacts of channel allocation with multiple antennas on link
reliability and throughput, and formulate an optimization problem in the ultra-dense multi-antenna
orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA)-based macrocell and femtocell
heterogeneous network. We develop a distributed joint transmission antenna selection and channel
allocation scheme to achieve the tradeoff between the throughput and link reliability in this
optimization problem, and to improve the users' link reliability and the femtocell throughput. This
scheme can jointly allocate suitable antennas and resource blocks (RBs) for transmission with two
steps of comparisons on channel gains of RBs and antennas. Simulation results show that the
proposed scheme with ten antennas can achieve 130% higher throughput for femtocells than the
random channel allocation scheme with four antennas under the link reliability requirement.
48
B4-4
Distributed STBC Transmit Diversity In The Presence of CCI From Adjacent Macro-Cells
Tomoyuki Saito (Tohoku University, Japan); Hiroyuki Miyazaki (Tohoku University & Guraduate
School of Engineering, Japan); Fumiyuki Adachi (Tohoku University, Japan)
Small-cell structured network using distributed antennas significantly improves the spectrum and
energy efficiencies simultaneously, and is a good candidate for the 5th generation (5G) mobile
communications systems. To provide a good transmission quality over a macro-cell area,
distributed space-time block coded transmit diversity (STBCTD) can be used to exploit distributed
antennas close to a user equipment (UE). In this paper, we introduce transmit frequency-domain
equalization (FDE), receive FDE, and cyclic delay transmission (CDT) into distributed STBCTD.
In any cellular network, co-channel interference (CCI) from adjacent macro-cells limits the
transmission quality. We evaluate by computer simulation the achievable OFDM downlink capacity
using distributed STBCTD in the presence of CCI from adjacent macro-cells. It is shown that
transmit FDE achieves higher capacity than receive FDE and CDT. Also shown is that by
increasing the number of transmit antennas, transmit FDE improves the OFDM downlink capacity,
but receive FDE and CDT do not.
B4-5
Impact of CSI Error on OFDM-MU-MIMO Downlink of Distributed Antenna Small-cell
Network
Yuta Seki, Shinya Kumagai and Fumiyuki Adachi (Tohoku University, Japan)
An introduction of multi-user multiple-input multiple-output (MU-MIMO) into distributed antenna
small-cell network can further increase the spectrum efficiency. Recently, we proposed a joint
transmit and receive minimum mean square error (MMSE) filtering (joint Tx/Rx MMSE filtering)
for the orthogonal-frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-MU-MIMO downlink. For joint
Tx/Rx MMSE filtering, both sides of baseband unit (BBU) and user equipment (UE) need to share
the channel state information (CSI). In this paper, we model the CSI error as a sum of estimation
errors due to the Gaussian background noise and the time-varying fading. We discuss how the CSI
error affects the sum capacity performance of OFDM-MU-MIMO downlink using joint Tx/Rx
MMSE filtering in distributed antenna small-cell network.
B5: Cognitive Radio and Wireless Ad hoc Networks
B5-1
Time-Frequency Analysis for Spectrum Sensing in Multi-Antenna Wireless Systems
Ping-Rong Lin, Jen-Yeu Chen and Shiann-Shiun Jeng (National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan);
Szu-Lin Su (National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan)
Spectrum sensing which probes for spectrum holes is the essential and also initiating process of
dynamic spectrum access for Cognitive Radio. Thanks to its simplicity and easiness for
implementation, Energy Detector (ED) is one of prevailing architectures of spectrum sensing.
However, the detection performance of Energy Detector could be unreliable because it is easily
influenced by noise uncertainty and channel fading. In this paper, in an OFDM wireless system, we
propose to adopt the multi-antenna architecture to enhance the reliability of received signals and
then apply time-frequency analysis to improve the performance of Energy Detector. The simulation
results show that applying the discrete wavelet packet transform (DWPT) as the time-frequency
analysis algorithm on a multi-antenna architecture, the detection performance of Energy Detector
for spectrum sensing could be nicely improved.
B5-2
Throughput Analysis of Secondary Users in a Distributed Cognitive Radio Network
Chao-Tang Yu (Southern Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taiwan); Chih-Hao Hsu
and Tsang-Yi Wang (National Sun Yat-sen University, Taiwan)
The cognitive radio (CR) has emerged as a promising technology that increases the utilization
efficiency of precious frequency spectrum. This paper considers the problem of detecting a primary
user signal in a distributed cognitive radio network where there are one primary channel and
multiple secondary user pairs, and the co-channel interference is present. Based on the energy
detector, the distributed detection scheme of primary channel usage is derived and the throughput
49
analysis of secondary user pairs is then presented. Numerical simulations are also carried out for
illustration.
B5-3
Performance Analysis in Secondary Networks with Multiple Primary Users for
Database-driven Spectrum Sharing
Shota Yamashita, Koji Yamamoto, Takayuki Nishio and Masahiro Morikura (Kyoto University,
Japan)
One of the techniques that realize high-speed and high-capacity 5G mobile networks is that
secondary users (SUs) opportunistically operate in licensed spectrum bands allocated to primary
users (PUs). This paper presents the performance evaluation for secondary networks with multiple
PUs. On the assumption that locations of primary receivers (PRs) and secondary transmitters (STs)
follow a Poisson point process and Poisson hole process, respectively, we derive a PU's
interference probability and SU's total throughput using stochastic geometry. We evaluate both the
PU's interference probability and SU's total throughput for the primary exclusive region (PER) size
with respect to the distribution of the ST's power level. The results show that both the PU's
interference probability and SU's total throughput decrease along with an increase in the PER size.
We quantitatively evaluate the trade-off between the PU's interference probability and SU's total
throughput.
B5-4
Exploiting Contact Periodicity for Probabilistic Routing in Delay Tolerant Networks
Yu-Feng Hsu and Chih-Lin Hu (National Central University, Taiwan)
Probabilistic routing studies in delay tolerant networks are mainly based on delivery predictability
with contact frequency. With real mobility traces collected in NCU campus, however, it is found
that the delivery predictability may become inaccurate in the periods of low contact frequency. As a
result, conventional probabilistic routing schemes can induce many needless transmissions, unduly
reducing the delivery performance. This paper presents a complementary scheme based on contact
periodicity to maintain the performance of probabilistic routing in delay-tolerant networks. This
scheme considers the residual duration of a current period instead of the original delivery
predictability when nodes currently go through some periods of low contact frequency. This
scheme can thus accurately determine whether or not to hand over messages when two nodes
encounter during movement. Simulation results manifest that the proposed scheme can alleviate
transmission overhead by unreliable delivery predictability and obtain a moderate delivery
performance when message traffic is congested.
B5-5
Random Access Based on the Importance of Information for Disaster Management
Seung Beom Seo and Wha Sook Jeon (Seoul National University, Korea); Dong Geun Jeong
(Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Korea)
In long term evolution (LTE) systems, the random access channel (RACH) is used for initial access.
Since the random access (RA) protocol is designed based on contention, the congestion on RACH
can severely worsen as the number of contending devices increases. On the other hand, when a
disaster occurs, we expect that a large number of access attempts will be made in the vicinity, and
this blocks most of the RA attempts from devices even having important information for disaster
management. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a priority-based RA scheme using access class
barring (ACB) method. In the scheme, we assign separate ACB parameters according to the given
priority of information. To this end, we formulate an optimization problem which aims at
maximizing the number of devices that succeed in RA while giving more access opportunities to
the devices with important information than the devices with relatively less important information.
Then, we present a solution to solve the problem. Our simulation results show that the proposed
scheme achieves good performance in RACH collision ratio, uplink utilization, and access delay.
50
C1: IoT for Machine Type Communications
C1-1
Performance Evaluation of Convolutional Code with List Decoding for 5G Machine Type
Communications
Shunich Bushisue (Kagawa University, Japan); Satoshi Suyama and Satoshi Nagata (NTT
DOCOMO, Inc., Japan); Nobuhiko Miki (Kagawa University, Japan)
In the future 5G machine type communications, support of IoT becomes more important. In such
scenario, smaller packet size is the main target. Therefore, this paper evaluates the performance of
tail-biting convolutional code with two list decoding. Furthermore, the performance is also
compared with the Polar code. In the final paper, more variation of decoding algorithm are
compared from the viewpoint of performance with various information bit length as well as
decoding complexity.
C1-2
CARS: Cost-Alleviating Reservation Scheme for Online Charging of Discrete IoT Traffics
Huai-Sheng Huang and Yu-Chee Tseng (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan)
The average number of IoT devices is predicted to increase dramatically to 25 billions in 2019.
According to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) specifications, Online Charging
System (OCS) has to determine the Granted Unit (GU) and make reservations per session before a
service can be delivered by a serving network to a User Equipment (UE). However, such protocols
may not fit Internet of Things (IoT) devices well because IoT traffics are very different from typical
Internet traffics. Clearly, giving too small GUs will incur a lot of overheads, but giving excessive
GUs will cause unbalanced distribution of resources among different sessions. Since how to
determine GUs can be self-defined by operators, it deserves careful investigation on the GU
reservation issue for IoT devices. In this paper, we propose a new solution, which is considering
holding and reordering costs in inventory management, to find the optimal value of period
combining GUs into a single reservation. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first one
considering reservation issues based on such concepts. Simulation results show that our scheme can
substantially save signaling messages compared to typical fixed allocation schemes on discrete IoT
traffics.
C1-3
An Efficient Triggering Scheme to Alleviate Congestion for MTC Devices in LTE network
Huai-Sheng Huang and Yu-Chee Tseng (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan)
The number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices are forecasted to be 25 billion in the world at 2019.
It not only focus on user equipment (UE) but also consider anything connected on the Internet. Due
to large number of devices may be connected in the Internet at the same time, the explosive
signalings may occur disastrous congestion in the core network, especially in the Mobility
Management Entity (MME). In the current 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) specification,
back-off scheme is an essential open issue since the MME only reject the requests without giving
any back-off information nowadays. If a great deal of triggering signaling triggered simultaneously,
signaling congestion may first strike the MME down. Therefore, we propose an efficient scheme
considering devices' delay tolerations and priorities to alleviate the signaling congestion.
Simulation results show that the MME adopting our scheme can handle more triggering requests
and enhance the successful probability significantly compared to typical schemes.
C1-4
Recent Physical Layer Technologies for IoT Communications
Guiyong Zhang and Guyoung Lim (Seoul National University, Korea); Hyoungju Ji (Seoul National
University & Samsung Electronics. Co., Ltd, Korea); Byonghyo Shim (Seoul National University,
Korea)
Over the last decade, a significant opportunity for wireless network has been recognized as the
Internet-of-Things (IoT). The IoT is a massive device-interconnected platform that enables
seamless communications among objects. The main challenges in IoT include the increasing
number of devices in the system, the improving reliability of small data transmission and enhancing
coverage of networks. However, current physical layer protocols are often inefficient to tackle these
challenges and more advanced techniques are required. In this paper, we present several key design
principles, such as connectivity and coverage, for developing physical layer solutions in IoT. While
51
the connectivity plays an important role in supporting massive user devices, the coverage is a
critical issue in supporting more practical indoor scenarios. We also introduce some recent physical
layer technologies for unlicensed and licensed spectrum. In particular, we investigate modulation
and massive access schemes in unlicensed spectrum and the evolution of long-term evolution (LTE)
systems.
C1-5
Massive Connectivity and Small Data Issues for M2M/IoT Communications
Po-Yen Chang (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan); Jia-Ming Liang (Chang Gung University,
Taiwan); Jen-Jee Chen (National University of Tainan, Taiwan); Kun-Ru Wu (National Chiao Tung
University, Taiwan); Yu-Chee Tseng (National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan); Zhiyuan Ren
(Xidian University, P.R. China); Ming-Zoo Wu (Institute for Information Industry, Taiwan)
Machine-to-machine (M2M) communication is one of the key technologies to realize Internet of
Things (IoT). Since the IoT applications are mainly used for smart sensing, such as smart metering,
home surveillance, disaster detection, and e-health, the special sensing/uploading behaviors will
result in periodic and/or event-driven 'small data' transmission, which potentially decreases the
radio resource efficiency; on the other hand, due to the popularity and widespread deployment of
IoT, it raises the problem of 'massive connectivity' when data is uploading. Therefore, how to solve
above problems is a critical issue for current communication technologies. In this paper, we
investigate an uplink resource allocation problem which considers the periodic, event-driven, and
query-based traffic behaviors of IoT over LTE-M architecture. The proposed approach takes
advantage of data aggregation in both spatial and temporal manners, and exploits long-term static
scheduling for periodic small data to ensure the delay and data rate, and employs short-term
dynamic scheduling for event-driven and/or query-based small data to improve transmission
efficiency. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed scheme can increase the resource
efficiency and enlarge the network capacity effectively.
C2: Optical/Visible Light Communications
C2-1
Free-Space Optical Communications using Gaussian Q-function Bounds in Weak Atmospheric
Turbulence
Ha Duyen Trung and Do Van Tuan (Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Vietnam);
Tomoaki Ohtsuki (Keio University, Japan)
In this paper, we study the performance of the free-space optical (FSO) communications using
quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) and Gaussian Q-function bounds over weak atmospheric
turbulence conditions modeled by the log-normal distribution. We theoretically derive average
symbol error rate (ASER) analytical expressions for FSO systems taking into account the weak
atmospheric turbulence channel, various modulation schemes. We use the tight lower and upper
approximations of the Gaussian Q-function to accurately approximate the ASER. Numerical results
qualitatively analyze the influence of the low and high SNR regions on the performance of such
systems.
C2-2
Improvement of Bit Rate in Flicker-Free Visible Light Communication Using Image Sensor
Ryotaro Kitaoka, Tomoki Kondo and Wataru Chujo (Meijo University, Japan)
LED lighting for image-sensor-based visible light communication is recognized as flicker due to
low symbol rate performance by the low-frame-rate image sensor. Triangular wave is utilized as a
subcarrier to realize flicker-free operation with a symbol rate of less than 5 symbols per second. In
order to increase the bit rate and communication distance, triangular subcarrier ASK and FSK are
used under flicker-free condition. EVM and BER are measured against optical intensity ratio and
symbol rate when modulation scheme, focal length of image sensor lens, and total luminous flux of
LED are changed. 15 bps is achieved for 8-ary FSK using 3 subcarriers up to a distance of 1.7
meter under flicker-free condition using 4-element LED array.
52
C2-3
Enhancement of RGB Parallel Turbo-code System with UTPA in Optical Partial Erasure
Channel
Ran Sun and Hiromasa Habuchi (Ibaraki University, Japan); Yusuke Kozawa (Tokyo University of
Science, Japan)
In optical parallel communications using RGB LEDs, the different attenuation rate of each color
causes the partial erasure channel, which makes the performance of communications degrade
seriously. In this paper, a novel optical parallel turbo-code communication system using RGB
LEDs for solving the partial erasure channel problem is proposed. Unequal Transmission Power
Allocation (UTPA), which allocate different powers to information bits and parity bits keeping the
total transmission power fixed, is applied for enhancement of the proposed system. Binary Pulse
Position Modulation (BPPM) is used as the modulation technique for reducing the background
noise. The performance of the proposed system is evaluated through computer simulation, and the
optimal power allocation ratio of UTPA is investigated. Consequently, the proposed system exhibits
good performance in the partial erasure channel.
C2-4
3D Pixel-by-pixel Scanning LIDAR with Optically Coded Pulses
Gunzung Kim and Jeongsook Eom (Yeungnam University, Korea); Jeong-Hee Choi (Daegu
University, Korea); YongWan Park (Yeungnam University, Korea)
This paper presents the design and simulation of a three-dimensional pixel-by-pixel scanning light
detection and ranging (LIDAR) system with a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) scanning
mirror and direct sequence optical code division multiple access (DS-OCDMA) techniques. It
measures a frame with 848×480 pixels at a refresh rate of 60fps. The emitted laser pulse waves of
each pixel are coded with DS-OCDMA techniques. The coded laser pulse waves include a unique
device identification number, the pixel's position in the frame, and a checksum. The LIDAR emits
the coded laser pulse waves periodically, without idle listening time to receive returning light at the
receiver. The MEMS scanning mirror is used to deflect and steer the coded laser pulse waves to a
specific target point. When all the pixels in a frame have been processed, the travel time is used by
the pixel-by-pixel scanning LIDAR to generate point cloud data as the measured result. The results
of simulations performed on the proposed LIDAR are compared with simulation of existing
LIDARs.
C3: Resource Management
C3-1
A 4-guideline Downlink Scheduling Strategy to Support Fairness and QoS for LTE Networks
You-Chiun Wang and Dai-Rong Jhong (National Sun Yat-Sen University, Taiwan)
LTE has been the main protocol for 4G networks, which supports large-demand multimedia service.
How to schedule its downlink spectral resource, namely physical resource blocks (PRBs), has great
impact on performance but is not specified in standards. This paper thus proposes a 4-guideline
LTE downlink scheduling (4G-LDS) strategy to support fairness and QoS in LTE networks. For
fairness, 4G-LDS uses a credit-based guideline to adjust the amount of resource given to each user,
and a cell-division guideline to reserve bandwidth for cell-edge users to avoid starving them. For
QoS, 4G-LDS adopts flow-weight and packet-fitness guidelines to allocate each PRB to a packet
based on its flow type and size. Simulation results show that 4G-LDS outperforms previous
methods in terms of network throughput, system fairness, and QoS support.
C3-2
LTE-A Downlink Resource Management for Green Communication
You-Chiun Wang and Hung-Yi Ko (National Sun Yat-Sen University, Taiwan)
LTE-A adopts carrier aggregation to support high-speed transmission by integrating component
carriers to send data to a single user. While many resource scheduling schemes seek to maximize
network throughput, the paper aims at providing green communication for LTE-A. Specifically, we
define an energy-reduction LTE-A resource management (ELRM) problem to allocate downlink
resource to user devices by carrier aggregation, such that the energy expense of LTE-A network is
minimized, under the constraint that user demands are satisfied. ELRM is NP-hard, so we develop
an energy-efficient heuristic by considering the channel quality, data backlog, and energy
53
consumption of each device. Simulation results show that our ELRM solution significantly saves
the energy consumption of user devices and base station, thereby achieving green communication.
C3-3
Capacity and Fairness Analysis of User Scheduling in Full-Duplex Cellular Networks
Takuya Ohto and Koji Yamamoto (Kyoto University, Japan); Katsuyuki Haneda (Aalto University,
Finland); Takayuki Nishio and Masahiro Morikura (Kyoto University, Japan)
We formulate the capacity, fairness, and probability of a certain user being scheduled in full-duplex
cellular (FDC) networks with user scheduling. These formulations enable us to analytically derive
the performance of FDC networks. We consider two scheduling algorithms: scheduler that decides
a downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) users pair according to the maximum
signal-to-interference-plus-noise power ratio (SINR) and scheduler that decides a DL and UL users
pair according to maximum SINR normalized by average SINR. In particular, since the latter
scheduler is based on the same idea as proportional fair scheduling (PFS) in FDC networks, the
formulated performance would be used for performance estimation of PFS. To facilitate the
derivation of the performance of each scheduler, the assumption that a pair consisting of DL and
UL users is an independent set is utilized, and thus it provides a lower bound of the capacity
because a multi-user diversity gain is not fully exploited. We explore the validity of this assumption
and investigate the impact of self-interference and inter-user interference on the performance
through numerical examples. It is also shown that the latter scheduler has nearly the same capacity
as PFS in FDC networks.
C3-4
An Extended CCA Control Mechanism for LTE and Wi-Fi Coexistence
Sung-Chul Choi and Jae-Hoon Kim (Ajou University, Korea)
Focusing on the increasing demand of mobile traffic, the LTE unlicensed bandwidth can be an
effective technical choice for mobile operators. However, the problem of interference between LTE
and Wi-Fi should be resolved in the unlicensed bandwidth. The number of extended clear channel
assessment (ECCA) is the key determinant for interference avoidance. Based on Load Based
Equipment (LBE) of Listen-before-talk (LBT), the unlicensed band sharing between LTE and
Wi-Fi was tested by applying the adjustment of the size of contention window (CW). The control of
CW is flexibly applied according to the measured number of ECCA. The total throughput of two
systems could be simulated by an NS-3 network simulator. The results of NS-3 network simulator
show the effectiveness of the proposed control mechanism.
C4: Signal Processing for Communications II
C4-1
A New PTS Scheme with Conversion Matrices for PAPR Reduction of OFDM Signals
Sheng-Ju Ku (Tatung University, Taiwan)
In this paper, a new partial transmit sequences (PTS) scheme with conversion matrices is proposed
to reduce the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
(OFDM) signals. In the proposed PTS scheme, a subblock partitioned by a predefined partition
method is selected and multiplied by two phase rotation vectors to form alternative subblocks,
where the corresponding discrete-time domain signals can be obtained easily by doing
circularly-shifting-left operations of the time-domain signal of the selected subblock. Then, the
various versions of time-domain signal of the selected subblock are combined with the intermediate
results obtained from the other subblocks to form several candidate signals. Simulation results
show that, as compared to the conventional PTS scheme, the proposed PTS scheme achieves a
well-approximated PAPR reduction performance with much lower computational complexity.
C4-2
Blind Selected Mapping Techniques for Space-Time Block Coded Filtered Single-Carrier
Signals
Amnart Boonkajay and Fumiyuki Adachi (Tohoku University, Japan)
Single-carrier with frequency-domain equalization and space-time block coded transmit diversity
(SC-FDE/STTD) is a promising broadband transmission technique achieving spatial and frequency
diversity gains. SC signal has low peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) property, but its PAPR
54
increases if transmit filtering and/or high-level data modulation are used. Recently, we proposed a
blind selected mapping (blind SLM) which does not require the side-information sharing between
transmitter and receiver. Maximum likelihood detection (MLD) is employed. Our previous studies
considered the single-antenna transmission case (i.e., without transmit diversity) only. In this paper,
we extend the blind SLM technique to SC-FDE/STTD. Phase rotation of the transmit signal is
carried out as a linear precoder prior to STTD encoder. Performance evaluation is done by
computer simulation to show that the blind SLM provides a low-PAPR signal and a good BER
performance without side-information sharing even for SC-FDE/STTD.
C4-3
Iterative Time-Domain Compression Method of MIMO Channel State Information Using
Iterative Updates of Path Selection
Tomohiro Nabeshima and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
In this paper, we propose an enhanced approach of our previously proposed iterative time-domain
compression method of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel state information (CSI).
An efficient MIMO-CSI compression is essential for reducing the feedback overhead of
MIMO-CSI from the user terminal receiver to the base station transmitter for beamforming
(precoding), especially when the number of antennas is large. Our previously proposed method is
based on the time-domain CSI compression method by selecting K-best paths with high power with
frequency-domain CSI bundling and interpolation for all combinations of transmitter and receiver
antennas in the literature. In this method, how much the CSI compression is achieved or how
accurate the compressed CSI is dominantly dependent on the interpolation between CSI of different
antenna sets. While the previous works assume simple linear or spline interpolation, our previously
proposed method iteratively updates the interpolation vector so that the CSI error due to
compression is minimized. In our original proposal, the K-best paths are selected at the initial
iteration and are fixed in the following iterations. In this paper, we propose an adaptive update of
K-best paths at each iteration process. The numerical results show that the proposed method can
improve the accuracy of the compressed CSI or enhance the CSI compression ratio compared to
our previous method with fixed path selection.
C4-4
On the Initial Interpolation Vector Setting for Iterative Time-Domain Compression Method of
MIMO Channel State Information
Masato Ozeki and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
In this paper, we investigate the setting for initial interpolation vector in our previously reported
iterative time-domain compression method of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel state
information (CSI). The iterative MIMO-CSI compression method is based on the time-domain CSI
compression with frequency-domain CSI bundling and interpolation for all combinations of
transmitter and receiver antennas. How accurately the CSI compression is achieved is largely
dependent on the initial setting for the interpolation between CSI of different antenna combinations.
In our original work, simple linear interpolation is assumed although it is iteratively updated so that
the resultant CSI error due to compression is reduced. In the paper, we propose new generation
method of the initial interpolation vector, which reuse the actual frequency-domain CSI variation,
in order to take into account the periodical channel variation in frequency domain. The numerical
results show that the proposed method can further improve the accuracy of the compressed CSI or
enhance the CSI compression capability of the original method.
C4-5
Signal Separation Based on Independent Component Analysis for SDMA of Bluetooth Low
Energy
Masahiro Takigawa, Shinsuke Ibi and Seiichi Sampei (Osaka University, Japan)
This paper proposes a signal separation scheme based on independent component analysis (ICA)
for spatial division multiple access (SDMA) of Bluetooth low energy (BLE) systems. In typical
SDMA schemes, channel state information (CSI) estimation with orthogonal pilot sequences is
necessary. Unfortunately, orthogonal pilot sequences are not included in the BLE specification.
Therefore, ICA motivates us to realize a pilotless signal separation. Although ICA does not request
explicit CSI, a covariance matrix of the received signal has to be captured before ICA operation.
For improving an accuracy of the covariance matrix, we apply oversampling whose sampling rate
is higher than the symbol rate to get a large number of samples even for short length packet. When
55
ICA is applied to separate spatially multiplexed signal, phase ambiguity is included in the separated
signal. In this paper, we remove such phase ambiguity by differential detection. In terms of the bit
error rate (BER) performance, computer simulations validate the proposed differential detection
with the assistance of oversample signaling.
C5: Modulation and Coding II
C5-1
Possibility for New Entries of 1024- and 4096-QAM in Mobile Communication Systems
Tomoki Ota, Mitsutoshi Nakamura and Hiroyuki Otsuka (Kogakuin University, Japan)
This paper investigates new entry of OFDM using 1024- and 4096-QAM in future mobile
communication systems such as 5G. We present the transmission performance of OFDM using
1024- and 4096-QAM by link-level simulations, and also discuss the possibility for new entries of
1024- and 4096-QAM from the link adaptation perspective. The BER, BLER and throughput
performance of OFDM using 1024- and 4096-QAM are highlighted as parameters of the coding
rates. And using these results, we clarify the switching point on the modulation and coding scheme
for channel quality such as received SNR. These research results will provide for designing an
adaptive modulation and coding scheme when 1024- and 4096-QAM are implemented.
C5-2
A Study on a Combination of Bit-Labeling and Error-Correcting Code for Multi-level QAM
Shuhei Higashiyama and Tadatomo Sato (Tokyo City University, Japan)
This paper discusses about the combination of bit-labeling and error-correcting code for BICM-ID
using a higher-order multi-level QAM. To achieve superior bit error rate in the low SNR regions,
high suitability between the bit-label assignment and the error-correcting code is required in
BICM-ID system. Although some bit-labeling searching algorithms have been proposed, it takes
enormous amount of computational time in the case of higher-order multi-level modulations. This
paper provides a reproducible recursive bit-labeling which has large Hamming distance between
the bit-labels of adjacent signal points. Then, the suitability of combinations with several
well-known channel codes is evaluated by EXIT chart analysis. Moreover, bit error rate
performances in AWGN channel and Rayleigh fading channel are shown.
C5-3
Embedded codes transmission in multiple antenna systems
Seok-Ho Chang (Dankook University, Korea)
In this paper, we study the optimal communication of progressive multimedia over multiple-input
multiple-output channels. We first derive the outage probability of a space-time code for an
arbitrary piecewise-linear diversity-multiplexing tradeoff function, and then suggest a method for
optimal space-time coding of progressive packets.
C5-4
Reliable Data Transfer Based on Bundle Protocol and Erasure Coding in Delay-Tolerant
Networks
Yun-Shan Jiang (National Central University, Taiwan); Keiichi Koyanagi (Waseda University,
Japan); Chih-Lin Hu (National Central University, Taiwan)
Communications in deep space confront many challenges different from the global Internet, such as
occasional connections, high bit error rate and long propagation delay. The Delay-Tolerant Network
(DTN) architecture is advocated to cope with such extreme communication environments. When
bundle protocols or erasure coding techniques have been considered in DTNs, however, they have
respective advantages and drawbacks for performance achievement. This paper aims to combine
benefits of both techniques to augment the joint effects of end-to-end message transfer in DTNs.
The proposed scheme, named NEW, thus achieves higher transmission successful rate and shorter
transmission time in DTN under synthetic simulations and performance investigation.
C5-5
Joint Effects of Bundle Protocol and Fountain Coding for Message Transfer in DTNs
Chih-Lin Hu and Yu-Fang Huang (National Central University, Taiwan)
Custody transfer employed in bundle protocols provides a reliable message delivery with guarantee
and loss in- tolerance in delay-tolerant networks. Custody transfer utilizes re- transmission and
timing restriction to enforce delivery reliability but induces long message delivery time, this
56
circumstance which cannot be accepted by many message-intensive or interactive data applications.
This paper provides a hybrid message delivery technique that takes advantage of the joint effects of
custody transfer and Fountain coding techniques. With a mixture of original and Fountain-encoded
bundles, the custody transfer can shorten the message delivery time and improve the successful
ratio of message delivery in a network. Performance results under simulation show that the
proposed hybrid technique obtains remarkable enhancement in both message delivery time and
successful delivery ratio in delay-tolerant network environments.
57
D1: Antenna and Propagation, and Microwave Devices
D1-1
Measurement of Radio Propagation in 920 MHz Band for Wireless Sensor Networks in a Farm
Field
Tomoya Moribe, Hiraku Okada, Kentaro Kobayashi and Masaaki Katayama (Nagoya University,
Japan)
Smart agriculture is getting a lot of attention as an application utilizing a wireless sensor network
(WSN). Radio propagation characteristics in some environments of farm field should be clarified
for the reliable WSN. In this paper, we measure radio propagation characteristics in 920 MHz band
in a farm field, inside a vinyl house and between farm fields, and evaluate the variability of RSSI
by analyzing measured data statistically. As a result, we obtained the knowledge that is useful to
design the reliable WSN to consider propagation losses and a margin of RSSI due to its variation.
D1-2
Study on the Efficiency Improvement of WPT by the Loading Shape of Magnetic Sheet
Hiromu Odanaka, Takaho Sekiguchi and Yoshinobu Okano (Tokyo City University, Japan); Satoshi
Ogino (Microwaveabsorbers inc., Japan)
Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) system in accordance with Qi standard is being installed in
smart phone in recent years. However, the transmission efficiency is greatly deteriorated due to
adjacent metal objects. To solve this problem, magnetic sheet with high permeability is inserted
between WPTcoil and metal objects. In order to make thickness of these materials thinner and
improve the transmission efficiency, the amorphous magnetic sheet use is proposed in this report.
D1-3
Switchable Dual-Frequency Matching Network
Ming-Lin Chuang, Ming-Tien Wu and Tsan-Chun Chang (National Penghu University of Science
and Technology, Taiwan)
This work presents a microstrip switchable dual-frequency matching network using shunt open
stubs. The matching network is suitable for load with unequal complex impedances at two
uncorrelated frequencies. The shunt stubs are connected by switching diodes to main line such that
the matching condition can be met at one of the two operating frequencies. The circuit parameters
including microstrip impedances and electrical lengths are obtained by derived design formula
without time-consuming trial-and-error or iterative procedure. The proposed structure and design
formula are validated by numerical simulations.
D1-4
Low power through body biasing to realize a 3.9-mW CMOS inductorless LNA for LoRa
applications
Yu Chu Yang and Jeng Rern Yang (Yuan Ze University, Taiwan)
This paper presents a two-stage design for an inductorless low-power low-noise amplifier (LNA)
that can be used in long-range (LoRa) applications. The first stage is a common-source amplifier
with noise-canceling architecture, intended to decouple the noise figure (NF) associated with the
input matching network. To increase the gain of this stage, a cascode amplifier with a cascade
diode-connected load is used. In the last stage, a source follower is employed for inductorless
output matching. Furthermore, a body-bias technique is used to minimize the supply voltage, for
achieving low power consumption. At a supply voltage VDD of 900mV, the power consumption,
gain, output return loss, and NF of the LNA were 3.9mW, 17.2 dB, -15.84 dB, and 2.8 dB,
respectively. The LNA was simulated and fabricated using a TSMC 1P6M 0.18μm CMOS process.
D1-5
Beamforming for Secure Antenna Subset Modulation in Micro-wave Systems
Yong-Gu Lee and Bumchul Sun (Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Korea); Jin
Goog Kim (Agency for Defense Development, Korea); Jinho Choi (Gwangju Institute of Science
and Technology (GIST), Korea)
In millimeter (mm)-wave systems, antenna subset modulation (ASM) has been studied to exploit a
high directivity due to sparse-nature scattering environments for secure transmissions. In this paper,
we consider ASM for secure transmissions under rich scattering environments in micro-wave
systems. Since no directivity can be exploited for secure transmissions, we use beamforming with
ASM. In order to see the performance, we derive outage probabilities and show that an
eavesdropper can have a high outage probability, while a legitimate receiver has a low outage
58
probability with a positive secrecy rate. We also consider partial selection for ASM to improve the
performance.
D2: Channel Estimation
D2-1
Performance Analysis of Channel Estimation in OFDM Systems Using the Regularized
Least-Squares Method
Kuo Guan Wu and Min-Kuan C. Chang (National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan)
A regularized least-squares (LS) method for tracking time-varying channels in OFDM systems has
been proposed to incorporate the initial channel estimate from the preamble to improve the
performance of pilot-assisted channel estimation. The MSE of the regularized LS method increases
gradually after successive combination with the standard LS estimate obtained using pilot symbols
only. In this paper we examine the convergence behavior of the regularized LS method and derive
an analytic expression for the MSE improvement over the standard LS method. Simulation results
verify the accuracy of the derived expression.
D2-2
Discretization in Channel Estimation Using Compressed Sensing and Its Performance
Improvement
Dongshin Yang and Yutaka Jitsumatsu (Kyushu University, Japan)
Precise channel estimation is significant for reliability of wireless communications. Recently,
Bajwa proposed channel estimation methods based on compressed sensing. Their estimation
accuracies are markedly superior to those of traditional methods based on the least square criterion
and of non-traditional methods based on MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) and Estimation
of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques (ESPRIT) algorithms. However, there is
a problem in Bajwa's methods that multi-path delays may not be resolved if they span between the
grids. This problem leads to inaccurate channel estimation. We try to overcome the drawback of
discrete time model, investigating up-sampled transmitted signals so that we could estimate channel
spanning between the grids.
D2-3
Detecting Abrupt Changes in Delay Spread for OFDM Channel Estimation
Junichiro Hagiwara (NTT DOCOMO, INC., Japan); Toshihiko Nishimura, Takeo Ohgane and
Yasutaka Ogawa (Hokkaido University, Japan)
We propose a novel method for detecting abrupt changes in channel statistics using the Kalman
filter to improve channel estimation accuracy. In orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
(OFDM) mobile communications, channel estimation is an essential topic because it can be used to
compensate for multipath fading and to improve the radio capacity by enhancing the accuracy.
Accurate channel estimation requires channel statistics. Any abrupt change in the statistics should
be immediately followed by channel estimation in order to retain a high level of estimation
accuracy. This immediate follow up can be achieved by resetting the channel estimation process
according to adequate detection of the abrupt change. To address this, we investigate a method for
detecting abrupt changes in the channel statistics. We confirm the effectiveness of the method based
on computer simulation using the delay spread as an example of the channel statistics. The
proposed method relies on the state-space model and enables detection based on statistical theory.
D2-4
Carrier Frequency Offset Estimation under Interference Environments for OFDMA Uplink
Systems
Chien-Chung Chen and Yung-Fang Chen (National Central University, Taiwan)
In orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, carrier frequency offsets
(CFOs) not only cause the loss of orthogonality among the carriers, the inter-carrier interference
(ICI), but also influence the different users among this system, the multiple-access interferences
(MAI). Recently, heterogeneous networks (Hetnet) emerge as a result from the increasing demand
for higher capacity and data rate. In this paper, we proposed a carrier frequency offset (CFO)
estimation algorithm with strong interference resistant capability for OFDMA systems. Hetnet
environments in OFDMA are considered. How received signals are processed under the Hetnet
59
scenarios to deal with the CFO estimation problem is developed. The simulation results
demonstrate the effectiveness of this method and the performances are close to the Cramér-Rao
Bounds.
D3: Heterogeneous Networks III
D3-1
A Study of Energy- and Spectral-Efficiency for Dense HetNet Scenario with Non-Unifom BS
and UE distribution
Abolfazl Mehbodniya, Rintaro Yoneya and Fumiyuki Adachi (Tohoku University, Japan)
In this paper, two remarkable challenges, i.e., energy-efficiency (EE) and spectral-efficiency (SE)
in next generation wireless networks are addressed. Specifically, we have studied the effect of
uniform and non-uniform user equipment (UEs) and base stations (BSs)’ distribution in a dense
heterogeneous network (HetNet) environment. An ON/OFF switching algorithm has been used for
the purpose of improving the EE of base stations (BSs). Simulation results are provided to
understand the percentage of EE and SE improvement, when BSs’ distribution adapts to UEs’
distribution.
D3-2
Improved Methods for Online Probabilistic Activation Control of Base Stations Based on
Observed System Throughput in Heterogeneous Networks
Akira Ujiie and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
In this paper, we propose improved methods for online probabilistic activation/deactivation control
of pico-base stations (BSs) in heterogeneous networks where low transmission-power pico-BSs are
overlaid onto a high transmission-power macro-BS. By deactivating the signal transmission of
unnecessary pico-BSs, the inter-cell interference is reduced resulting in an increase in system
throughput. The proposal in the paper is applicable to our previously reported method. The reported
method does not rely on a priori knowledge of probability distributions of user locations or the
traffic load of the entire system coverage. The method requires only a single metric to be
exchanged among BSs, which is a system throughput measure at each cell. The reported method
adaptively controls the activation probability of each pico-BS individually, depending on the time
variation in the system throughput and the temporal activation/deactivation states of each pico-BS.
Two improved methods for the reported method are presented in the paper, aiming at better
convergence rate, stability, and higher system throughput after convergence. For achieving this,
first method additionally takes into account the transition of activation/deactivation states during
the control of activation probability in order to exclude the effect of time valuation in the system
throughput due to the transition of other pico-BS's activation/deactivation states. The second
method applies the moving average of past system throughput for the same purpose. Computer
simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed methods compared to the previous one.
D3-3
On the Range in Inter-Base Station Information Exchange in Online Probabilistic Activation
Control of Base Stations Based on Observed System Throughput
Kosuke Takahashi and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
In this paper, we investigate the influence of the range in inter-base station (BS) information
exchange in our previously reported online probabilistic activation control of BSs 9, 10]. In the
reported method, the network-level system throughput is shared by all BSs by using the inter-BS
information exchange regarding the system throughput observed at each BS. Based on the obtained
network-level system throughput, all pico-BSs control activation probability independently. This
method is practical compared to the conventional approaches, since the proposed method does not
rely on a priori knowledge of probability distributions of user locations or the traffic load in the
entire system coverage. Nevertheless, excessively wide range in inter-BS information exchange
about local system throughput increases the traffic in backhaul and control delay in the reported
method. Furthermore, in the reported method, the update of activation probability of particular BS
based on the system throughput observed far away from that BS, which is effectively not related to
the activation/deactivation state of that BS, may result in undesirable control. By using the
computer simulation, we show that there is appropriate range of inter-BS information exchange in
60
our reported method. It is also shown that the appropriate range is not dependent on the node
density of pico-BSs.
D3-4
A Cross-Layer Sleep Scheme in LTE-A Networks
I-An Wang and Jen-Jee Chen (National University of Tainan, Taiwan); Jia-Ming Liang (Chang
Gung University, Taiwan); Kun-Ru Wu and Po-Yen Chang (National Chiao Tung University,
Taiwan); Yu-Chee Tseng (National Chiao-Tung University, Taiwan); Ming-Zoo Wu (Institute for
Information Industry, Taiwan); Zhiyuan Ren (Xidian University, P.R. China)
In this article, a cross-layer design of sleep scheduling in 3GPP LTE/LTE-A wireless networks is
discussed. The design jointly considers the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer multi-user sleep
scheduling (via the settings of DRX/DTX parameters) and the physical layer power and radio
resource allocations. The new approach enables User Equipment (UE) to gain longer battery life
time and better utility of radio resource while guarantee the delay, packet drop rate, and maximum
transmit power constraints. The design is validated through comparisons with simulation results.
D3-5
A Study on Online Transmission Power Control of Base Stations Based on Observed System
Throughput in Heterogeneous Networks
Takahiro Saito and Kenichi Higuchi (Tokyo University of Science, Japan)
This paper proposes an online downlink transmission power control method in heterogeneous
networks aiming at maximization of the system throughput. The proposed method requires
inter-base station (BS) cooperation. However, the proposed method can be implemented by sharing
only a single metric among BSs, which is different from the conventional BS cooperative
transmission power control methods that require exchanging a large amount of channel state
information (CSI) of all users among BSs. In the proposed method, cooperating BSs share the
tentative system throughput within the cooperating cells, so the proposed method does not require
additional CSI feedback from the user terminals. Based on the time variation in the observed
system throughput and transition state of transmission power, each BS independently updates its
transmission power in probabilistic manner. Multi-cell simulation evaluation shows that the
proposed method yields advantageous throughput performance compared to conventional
approaches.
D4: Wireless Networks
D4-1
VoLTE Coverage Enhancement for TD-LTE Networks
Gang Wang and Jun Du (NEC labs, P.R. China)
Voice over LTE (VoLTE) is a key technology to provide high-quality voice service over LTE
networks. The voice packet traverses the all-IP network, which is a big challenge to guarantee the
service level. To improve the VoLTE performance in radio access aspect, coverage enhancement by
TTI bundling has been proposed. TTI bundling utilizes 4 consecutive subframes to transmit the
same packet with different redundancy versions to provide the diversity gain. In TDD (TD-LTE)
networks, however, there is always a lack of sufficient uplink frame for TTI bundling in many
uplink downlink configurations. So the VoLTE coverage for TD-LTE is less than that for FDD
networks. And the customers' experience is compromised. This paper analyzes the coverage issues
and proposes a novel TTI bundling scheme by utilizing special subframe for TD-LTE networks.
Simulation results show that the proposed scheme could improve the coverage of VoLTE service
with the minimum changes to both the LTE standard and the product implementation.
D4-2
An Experimental Evaluation on Optimization of Network-Listening Based Synchronization
Mitsukuni Konishi, Sho Nabatame, Daigo Ogata, and Atsushi Nagate (SoftBank Corp., Japan)
In deploying co-channel heterogeneous networks, which use the same frequency band for both
macro and small cells, it is essential to avoid mutual interference. This can be achieved by
enhanced Inter-Cell Interference Coordination (eICIC), in which some of the downlink transmitted
signals are muted in order to reduce the interference from a macro-cell base station to small cells or
vice versa. Because interference control in eICIC is conducted in the time domain, accurate timing
61
synchronization is required between macro and small cells. Network-listening based
synchronization is recently attracting attention as an effective timing synchronization method even
for indoor small-cell base stations, which cannot utilize GPS-based synchronization. It uses only
the macro-cell downlink signal to establish synchronization with the overlaying macro cell.
However, the loop-back signal from the small-cell base station itself interferes with the reception of
the macro-cell downlink signal. To solve this issue, we proposed a synchronization method that
avoids loop-back interference and clarified its synchronization accuracy by computer simulations
and laboratory experiments. In this paper, we optimize the parameters of the network-listening
based synchronization and evaluate the performance improvement by computer simulations and
laboratory experiments on actual equipment. Furthermore, we show the actual loop-back
interference level in indoor environments by the field experiments.
D4-3
UWB-Impulse Radio Using MIMO Technology for Optical Fiber -Wireless Links
Taishi Sato, Tomoki Kishida, Kengo Nabika and Saeko Oshiba (Kyoto Institute of Technology,
Japan)
We propose a combined fiber and wireless link system using ultra wide band impulse radio
(UWB-IR) for access points. We examine a means of quality achieved using 2.5 Gbit/s UWB-IR
multiple input/single output(MISO). We show via simulations and experiments that communication
quality is improved beam forming is enabled for using a phase shifting device. In addition, we
investigate the possibility of 5 Gbit/s UWB-IR zero forcing MISO.
D4-4
On Bistable Behavior of Slotted-ALOHA Systems with Delay Constraints
Takayuki Horiuchi, Katsumi Sakakibara and Jumpei Taketsugu (Okayama Prefectural University,
Japan)
Bistable behavior of slotted ALOHA systems has been extensively investigated, since 1970s. It is
proved that bistable region can be eliminated by limiting the number of allowable transmission
attempts per packet to eight or less. In this paper, we investigate bistable behavior of slotted
ALOHA systems with delay constraints in terms of the catastrophe theory. A lifetime of a packet is
confined within D slots, that is, a packet will be discarded after timer of D time-slots expired,
unless packet transmission succeeds. Letting r be the packet transmission probability in a slot, we
indicate that there exists bistable region, if the product Dr is greater than approximately 8.30, and
that the system can operate with the unique stable equilibrium point, if Dr is less than
approximately 8.30.
D4-5
A Scalable Flow Management Scheme for Customizable Mobile Service Chain using OpenFlow
Chi-Hsiang Hung, Jiun-Chen Huang, Li-Chun Wang and Li-Ping Tung (National Chiao Tung
University, Taiwan)
For providing dynamically customized service chains to differential users with different
requirements, the Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Software-Defined Networking
(SDN) techniques are utilized to instead traditional hardware-based cascading service chaining. The
commodity OpenFlow switch uses TCAM as flow table to accelerate packet forwarding process. In
order to manage huge number of users' flows fast with limited TCAM size in OpenFlow-based
customized mobile service network, we develop a User Grouped chain based Flow Management
(UGFM) scheme to divide users who subscribed the same type of service chain into several groups
and assign unique group ID to each group. All Packets sent from the same group's users will be
marked the same tag with its group ID. Then, the OpenFlow switches can forward the packet
depended on marked tag instead of IP/MAC address. The number of flow entries in OpenFlow
switches can be reduced from the number of users to the number groups to overcome the table
overflow problem.
62
D5: Relaying II
D5-1
Line-of-Sight Component Impact Analyses for Lossy Forward Relaying over Fading Channels
Having Different Statistical Properties
Shen Qian (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology & University of Oulu, Finland);
Jiguang He (University of Oulu, Finland); Xin He (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and
Technology & University of Oulu, Japan); Weiwei Jiang (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and
Technology, Japan); Markku Juntti (University of Oulu, Finland); Tad Matsumoto (Japan
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Japan)
The primary objective of this paper is to analyse the impact of line-of-sight (LOS) component in a
lossy-forward (LF) relaying system. An exact outage probability bound, indicating the theoretical
limit of diversity order and coding gains, is derived. The links are assumed to suffer from dissimilar
fading variations. The source-destination link variation follows Rayleigh distribution, while the
source-relay (S-R) and relay-destination (R-D) link variations follow either Rician or Nakagami-m
distribution. The differences between the outage performances of the LF relaying with Rician and
Nakagami-m fading, are investigated. It is found that the outage performances of LF relaying over
Rician fading channel and that over Nakagami-m fading channel are similar. However, the gap
between the outage curves with Rician and Nakagami-m distributions does not change
monotonically (first increases and then decreases) as the LOS component ratio increases. It is also
found that the system diversity order is determined by the minimum achieved diversity order of
S-R and R-D links. The Kullback-Leibler divergence, which measures the difference between two
probability distributions, is used to verify the performance difference on the outage curves with
Rician and Nakagami-m distributions.
D5-2
Analysis of Channel-Coded Physical Layer Network Coding over Binary-Input Gaussian
Channel
Hironori Soen and Motohiko Isaka (Kwansei Gakuin University, Japan)
We analyze the error performance of the binary-input two-way Gaussian relay channel with
physical layer network coding and channel coding. Our attention is on the uplink phase where the
transmit power as well as the channel code used by the two users are not identical. We present a
tight upper bound on the error probability for the minimum distance decoding for the superimposed
code. Analysis and some discussions in regard to low-complexity decoding schemes are also given.
D5-3
Error Performance Analysis of Network Coded Cooperation for Relay Networks
Hironori Soen, Koki Fujii and Motohiko Isaka (Kwansei Gakuin University, Japan)
In this paper, we analyze the performance of network coded cooperation for wireless relay
networks in which multiple communication nodes send each one's message to a common
destination. The nodes first broadcast the message, and subsequently relay the XOR of subset of
decoded messages to the destination. This system yields a linear code with which message is
essentially encoded in a distributed manner, and the destination performs decoding for this code.
Tight upper bound on the decoding error probability is derived, and the effect of relaying strategy
on the error correcting capability of the code is evaluated.
D5-4
Delay-Amplify-and-Forward Beamforming for Single-Carrier Relay Transmissions
Hiroki Takahashi and Teruyuki Miyajima (Ibaraki University, Japan)
In this paper, we propose a relaying scheme, where each relay amplifies and forwards a delayed
signal of its received signal, for single-carrier relay transmissions in frequency selective channels.
We also propose a computationally efficient delay design method which chooses the best delay
from the candidates obtained by aligning high-gain paths of each channel at a time bin. Simulation
results show that the proposed delay design method achieves near optimum performance. It is also
shown that the proposed relaying scheme outperforms a conventional amplify-and-forward relaying
scheme, and achieves the performance close to that of a more complicated filter-and-forward
relaying scheme.
63
Author Index
Abolfazl Mehbodniya
Ai-Chun Pang
Akihiro Okazaki
Akinori Taira
Akira Ujiie
Amnart Boonkajay
Anass Benjebbour
Andres Arjona
Ang-Hsun Tsai
Atsushi Nagate
Atsushi Okamura
Aya Shimura
Bi-Man Jhu
Bin Zheng
Boram Kim
Brian Cho
Bumchul Sun
Byonghyo Shim
Chao-Tang Yu
Chen Bosing
Cheon Won Choi
Chia-Chi Lu
Chi-chao Chao
Chien-Chung Chen
Chi-Fu Lin
Chih-Hao Hsu
Chih-Lin Hu
Chih-Sheng Wang
Chi-Hsiang Hung
Ching Wen Yeh
D3-1
B4-2
S2-2
S3-3
S3-3
D3-2
C4-2
S1-1
S1-3
B4-3
D4-2
S3-3
A5-2
A3-1
B1-4
A1-4
S1-3
D1-5
C1-4
B5-2
B3-2
B2-1
A3-4
A4-1
D2-4
B3-1
B5-2
B5-4
C5-4
C5-5
B4-2
D4-5
B2-3
Chuan-Chi Lai
Chuan-Ming Liu
Chung-Hsien Tsai
Chun-Hao Kao
Chu-Sing Yang
Daigo Ogata
Dai-Rong Jhong
David Shiung
Do Van Tuan
Dong Geun Jeong
Dongshin Yang
Eleftherios Karipidis
Erik Dahlman
Ernest Kurniawan
Fumihide Kojima
Fumiyuki Adachi
Gang Wang
George Jöngren
Gia Khanh Tran
Guiyong Zhang
Gunzung Kim
Guyoung Lim
Ha Duyen Trung
Hailan Peng
Heedong Son
Heewon Seo
Hidekazu Murata
Hidekazu Shimodaira
Hideshi Murai
64
B2-2
B2-2
B4-3
B2-4
A1-5
D4-2
C3-1
A1-5
C2-1
B5-5
D2-2
S3-1
S1-2
S2-3
S4-3
B4-4
B4-5
C4-2
D3-1
D4-1
S3-1
S4-4
C1-4
C2-4
C1-4
C2-1
S4-5
A1-4
B2-1
S2-2
S4-4
S1-2
S3-1
Hiraku Okada
Hiroaki Asano
Hiroki Takahashi
Hiromasa Habuchi
Hiromu Odanaka
Hironori Soen
Hiroyuki Miyazaki
Hiroyuki Otsuka
Hiroyuki Seki
Hoang-Yang Lu
Homare Murakami
Hsiao-feng Francis Lu
Hsin-Piao Lin
Huai-Sheng Huang
Huiming Chen
Hung-Yi Ko
Hung-Yu Wei
Hyoungju Ji
I-An Wang
Jae Hong Lee
Jae-Hoon Kim
Jeng Rern Yang
Jen-Jee Chen
Jen-Ming Wu
Jen-Yeu Chen
Jeong-Hee Choi
Jeongsook Eom
D1-1
S4-2
D5-4
C2-3
D1-2
D5-2
D5-3
B4-4
A5-3
C5-1
S3-5
B3-2
S4-3
A2-2
A4-3
C1-2
C1-3
A2-4
C3-2
A5-5
C1-4
D3-4
A2-5
C3-4
D1-4
C1-5
D3-4
B1-2
B5-1
A1-4
C2-4
A1-4
C2-4
Jhang-Syun Liou
Jia-Ming Liang
Jianglei Ma
Jian-Yu Pan
Jiguang He
Jihyung Kim
Jin Goog Kim
Jin Kyung Park
Jingon Joung
Jinho Choi
Jiun-Chen Huang
Jiun-Jie Jia
JongHyun Baik
Jumpei Taketsugu
Jumpei Yamamoto
Jun Du
Jun Ha
Jun Heo
Jun Mashino
Jun Shikida
JunHwan Lee
Junichiro Hagiwara
Jun-Jie Su
Kai-Wei Ke
Katsumi Sakakibara
Katsutoshi Kusume
Katsuyuki Haneda
Kazuaki Kunihiro
Kazuhiko Fukawa
Kazuya Moriwaki
A1-5
C1-5
D3-4
S1-5
A1-2
D5-1
S2-5
D1-5
B2-1
S2-3
D1-5
D4-5
A1-2
A3-2
D4-4
A1-1
D4-1
B2-1
A3-2
A3-5
S2-2
S3-4
S3-2
S2-5
D2-3
B4-2
B2-4
D4-4
S2-4
C3-3
S1-4
A4-2
S4-5
Kei Sakaguchi
Keiichi Koyanagi
Keisuke Saito
Kengo Nabika
Kenichi Higuchi
Kenji Ando
Kentaro Ishizu
Kentaro Kobayashi
Koichi Adachi
Koji Tsutsumi
Koji Yamamoto
Koki Fujii
Kosuke Takahashi
Kuei-Chiang Lai
Kun-Ru Wu
Kun-Yi Lin
Kuo Guan Wu
Lei Yen
Li-Chun Wang
Li-Ping Tung
Makoto Taromaru
65
S4-4
C5-4
B1-4
D4-3
A5-4
B1-3
B3-4
B4-1
C4-3
C4-4
D3-2
D3-3
D3-5
B1-1
S4-3
D1-1
S2-3
S3-3
A4-4
B5-3
C3-3
D5-3
D3-3
A1-2
C1-5
D3-4
A4-3
D2-1
A4-3
B4-3
D4-5
D4-5
S2-2
Mamoru Sawahashi
Mao-Hsu Yen
Markku Juntti
Masaaki Katayama
Masaaki Yoshino
Masafumi Tsutsui
Masahiro Kimura
Masahiro Morikura
Masahiro Takigawa
Masato Ozeki
Ming-Chien Tseng
Ming-Lin Chuang
Ming-Tien Wu
Ming-Zoo Wu
Min-Kuan C. Chang
Mitchell Mulder
Mitsukuni Konishi
Mitsutoshi Nakamura
Morihiko Minowa
Motohiko Isaka
Myeongwoo Lee
Naoki Noguchi
Naoto Ishii
Naoyuki Toyoda
Natsumi Kashiba
A5-1
A5-2
B1-4
B3-2
D5-1
D1-1
S4-2
S3-5
B1-3
A4-4
B5-3
C3-3
C4-5
C4-4
A4-3
D1-3
D1-3
C1-5
D3-4
D2-1
S1-3
S4-1
D4-2
C5-1
S3-5
D5-2
D5-3
A3-2
A5-1
A5-2
S3-2
S4-1
B1-1
Nobuhiko Miki
Norihiro Naganuma
Noriyuki Shimizu
Nur Alyaa Alias
Osamu Kato
Peiying Zhu
Peng Hui Tan
Ping-Jung Hsieh
Ping-Rong Lin
Po-Yen Chang
Ran Sun
Rintaro Yoneya
Rong-Shue Hsiao
Ryotaro Kitaoka
Saeko Oshiba
Satoshi Denno
Satoshi Nagata
Satoshi Ogino
Satoshi Suyama
Satoshi Yamaguchi
A1-1
A3-3
C1-1
A5-3
S4-2
A2-3
S4-2
S1-5
S2-3
A5-5
B5-1
C1-5
D3-4
C2-3
D3-1
B2-4
C2-2
D4-3
A2-1
A4-5
S2-2
A3-3
A5-1
A5-2
C1-1
D1-2
A3-3
B3-3
C1-1
S2-2
S3-4
S3-5
S3-3
Seiichi Sampei
Seok-Ho Chang
Seung Beom Seo
Shen Qian
Sheng-Ju Ku
Shiann-Shiun Jeng
Shigeaki Ogose
Shinsuke Ibi
Shintaro Shinjo
Shinya Kumagai
Sho Fukuhara
Sho Nabatame
Sho Nakazawa
Sho Takano
Shota Yamashita
Shuhei Higashiyama
Shunich Bushisue
Shunsuke Fujitaka
Sojiro Norita
Stefan Parkvall
Sumei Sun
Sung-Chul Choi
Svante Bergman
Szu-Lin Su
T. Onishi
Tad Matsumoto
Tadatomo Sato
Taehyun Kim
Taishi Sato
Takaharu Kobayashi
Takaharu Nakamura
66
C4-5
C5-3
B5-5
D5-1
C4-1
A4-3
B5-1
B2-5
C4-5
S3-3
B4-5
A5-4
D4-2
A5-3
B4-1
B5-3
C5-2
C1-1
A4-5
S4-2
S1-2
S2-3
C3-4
S3-1
B5-1
B2-5
D5-1
C5-2
A3-2
A3-5
D4-3
S3-5
S2-1
Takahiro Asai
Takahiro Kubo
Takahiro Saito
Takahiro Sekii
Takahiro Yazaki
Takaho Sekiguchi
Takamichi Inoue
Takashi Dateki
Takashi Ikeuchi
Takashi Seyama
Takashi Yamanaka
Takayoshi Aoki
Takayuki Horiuchi
Takayuki Nishio
Takehiro Nakamura
Takeo Ohgane
Takeshi Ryo
Takuya Ohto
Tatsuki Okuyama
Teppei Oyama
Teruyuki Miyajima
Tetsushi Ikegami
Tetsuya Yamamoto
Thomas Walter
Tian-Xiang Chen
Tofar Chih-Yuan Chang
Tomoaki Ohtsuki
Tomohiro Nabeshima
Tomoki Kishida
Tomoki Kondo
B3-3
B3-3
D3-5
B2-5
B1-1
D1-2
S2-2
S3-5
B1-5
S3-5
B3-4
B1-5
D4-4
A4-4
B5-3
C3-3
S1-1
D2-3
A4-2
C3-3
B3-3
S3-5
S3-5
D5-4
A2-3
S2-2
S2-4
B2-4
A3-4
C2-1
C4-3
D4-3
C2-2
Tomoki Ota
Tomoya Moribe
Tomoya Tandai
Tomoyuki Saito
Toshifumi Sato
Toshihiko Nishimura
Tsan-Chun Chang
Tsang-Yi Wang
Tsu-Hsuan Chien
Tsunehiko Chiba
Tsung-Yu Tsai
Tsuyoshi Kashima
Tzung-Hua Tsai
Wataru Chujo
Wei-Min Lai
Wei-Shih Lin
Weiwei Jiang
Wha Sook Jeon
Xavier Costa Pérez
Xiaohan Zhong
Xin He
Ya-Ju Yu
Yasufumi Ichikawa
Yasuhiko Matsunaga
Yasuhiro Suegara
Yasushi Maruta
Yasutaka Ogawa
Ya-Wen Huang
Ya-Yin Yang
Yen-Ju Chen
Yen-Ming Chen
Yeong-Luh Ueng
C5-1
D1-1
S2-2
B4-4
S3-2
S2-2
D2-3
D1-3
B5-2
A3-4
S1-3
A1-3
S1-5
A4-1
C2-2
B3-1
A5-5
D5-1
B5-5
S1-4
A2-4
D5-1
B4-2
S4-2
S1-4
S4-5
S3-2
D2-3
B1-2
A1-5
B4-2
B3-1
B3-1
Yong-Gu Lee
YongWan Park
Yongyun Choi
Yoshifumi Morihiro
Yoshihisa Kishiyama
Yoshikazu Kakura
Yoshinobu Okano
Yoshiyuki Watanabe
You-Chiun Wang
Yu Chu Yang
Yu T. Su
Yuan Zhou
Yu-Chee Tseng
Yu-Fang Huang
Yu-Feng Hsu
Yuki Yamada
Yukihiko Okumura
Yukitoshi Sanada
Yung-Fang Chen
Yun-Shan Jiang
67
D1-5
A1-4
C2-4
A2-5
S4-2
A5-2
S1-1
S3-4
S3-2
D1-2
A3-3
C3-1
C3-2
D1-4
A3-4
S2-3
C1-2
C1-3
C1-5
D3-4
C5-5
B5-4
B1-4
B3-3
S1-1
S3-4
S3-5
S4-2
B1-1
B1-5
S2-2
D2-4
C5-4
Yu-Nung Wei
Yusuke Koda
Yusuke Kozawa
Yu-Sun Liu
Yuta Oguma
Yuta Seki
Yutaka Jitsumatsu
Yuto Nagai
Yuyuan Chang
Zhiyuan Ren
Zsehong Tsai
Zulhaydar Akbar
A1-3
A4-4
C2-3
A3-1
A4-4
B4-5
D2-2
A2-1
A4-2
C1-5
D3-4
A1-3
B2-3
B2-2