kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n
F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
am¿K-tcJ
(Lineamenta)
B[p-\nI temI-Ønse sh√phnfnIfpw
k`-bpsS {]Xyp-Ø-chpw
Pohn-X-Ønse emfn-Xyw, IpSpw_Ønse km£yw,
{]hm-kn-I-fpsS ZuXyw
""a\p-jy¿ \nß-fpsS kXv{]-hrØnIƒ I≠v
kz¿§-ÿ-\mb \nß-fpsS ]nXm-hns\
alXzs∏Sp-tØ-≠-Xn\v \nß-fpsS shfn®w
Ah-cpsS apºn¬ {]Im-in-°-s´''
(aØm:5:16)
taP¿ B¿°n F∏nkvtIm-∏¬ Iqcnb
au≠v sk‚ v tXma-kv, Im°-\m-Sv, sIm®n ˛ 682030
15 am¿®v, 2016
Title:
B[p-\nI temI-Ønse sh√phnfnIfpw k`-bpsS
{]Xyp-Ø-chpw: Pohn-X-Ønse emfn-Xyw, IpSpw_
Ønse km£yw, {]hm-kn-I-fpsS ZuXyw
Published and distributed by:
The Secretariat, The Syro-Malabar Major Archiepiscopal
Assembly-2016, Mount St. Thomas, Kakkanad,
Kochi – 682 030, Kerala, India
Layout and Printing:
Viani Printings, Ernakulam, Ph.: 0484 2401635
(For private circulation only)
Df-f-S°w
BapJw
06
H∂mw- hn`mKw
emfnXyw k`-bnepw hy‡n-Po-hn-X-Ønepw
BapJw
12
1. Cutim-bpsS efnX PohnXhpw {]t_m-[-\-ßfpw 13
1.1. Cutim aninlm- ˛ emfn-Xy-Øns‚ amXrI
13
1.2. Cutim-bpsS B¥-cnI kzmX{¥yw:
14
emfn-Xy-Øns‚ DZm-Ø-`mhw
1.3. -{In-kvXp-hns‚ emfnXyhpw {InkvXp-in-jys‚
17
]¶p-h-bv°p-hm-\p≈ hnfnbpw
20
2. efnXPohnXw k`m-{]-t_m-[-\-ß-fn¬
2.1. hnip-≤-em-fn-Xyhpw ss{IkvX-h-Po-hn-Xhpw
20
2.2. em-fn-Xyhpw hn`-hß-fpsS hn\n-tbmKhpw
22
24
2.3. em-fn-Xyhpw ]cn-ÿnXn Bflo-b-Xbpw
3. emfnXy PohnXw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ B[p-\nI
sh√phnfn-Iƒ
25
3.1. D]-t`m-K-kw-kvIm-chpw am\-h-]p-tcm-K-Xnbpw
25
3.2. A\p-Zn-\-Po-hn-X-Ønse BUw-_-c{`aw
27
3.3. BtLm-j-ß-fnepw A\p-jvTm-\-ß-fnepw B¿`mSw 29
4. kotdm ae-_m¿ k`bpw emfnXy B≤ym-fln-I-Xbpw ˛
Nne {]mtbm-KnI hnNn-¥-\-߃
33
4.1. k`bnse AP-]m-e-\ t\XrXzw
33
4.2. k`bnse k\y-kvX¿
35
4.3. CS-h-Ibpw AP-]m-e-\-ssi-en-Ifpw
36
4.4. AP-]m-e-\-taJ-e-bnse B[p-\nI sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
37
4.5. {InkvXob IpSpw-_-Ønse emfnXy sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
D]-kw-lmcw
40
N¿®-bv°p≈ tNmZy-߃
42
c≠mw hn`mKw
IpSpw_Ønse km£yw
45
BapJw
H∂mw- `mKw
IpSpw-_-Øns‚ kphn-tijw
1. IpSpw-_-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ssZhn-I-]-≤Xn
2. IpSpw_w ˛ Km¿ln-I-k-`-sb∂ \ne-bn¬
3. IpSpw_w kaq-l-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-tIm-i-sa∂
\ne-bn¬
46
49
51
c≠mw -`mKw
B[p-\nI IpSpw-_-Øns‚ sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
1. IpSpw-_-Øns‚ LS-\bpw kpÿn-cXbpw
2. kvt\lhpw sshIm-cn-I-]-Iz-Xbpw
3. kmaq-ln-I-˛-kmw-kvIm-cn-I, kmº-Øn-I,
]cn-ÿnXnI sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
aq∂mw- `mKw
C∂v IpSpw-_sØ KpWkº-∂-am-°m-\p≈
{]mtbmKnIcoXn-Iƒ
1. IpSpw-_-Øns‚ kphn-tijw {]Jym-]n-°¬
2. IpSpw-_-ß-sfbpw bph-Z-º-Xn-I-sfbpw kl-K-an-°¬
3. IpSpw-_hpw ss{IkvXh ]cn-io-e-\hpw
52
54
56
59
63
65
D]-kw-lmcw
N¿®-bv°p≈ tNmZy-߃
67
68
aq∂mw -hn`mKw
{]hm-kn-I-fp-sS Zu-Xyw
sh√p-hn-fn-Ifpw ho-£-W-ßfpw
BapJw
1. {]hm-k-Øns‚ ss__n-f-[n-jvTn-Xhpw
ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-hp-amb ImgvN-∏m-Sp-Iƒ
2. {]-hm-k-Øn-s‚ kz`m-hhpw k¶o¿ÆXbpw
3. kotdm a-e-_m¿ {]-hmkw: N-cn-{Xhpw h-f¿-®bpw
4. {]-hm-knIfpsS sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
5. kotdm a-e-_m¿ {]-hm-k-sØ-°p-dn-®p-≈
ho£W-߃
71
D-]-kw-lmcw
N¿®-bv°p≈ tNmZy-߃
103
103
71
74
77
81
86
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
BapJw
am¿tØm-am-{In-kvXym-\n-I-fp-sS-bn-S-bnSbn¬ \ne-hnen-cp∂
""tbmKw'' F∂v hnfn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ]pcm-X\ k`mkwhn-[m-\Øns‚ ]p\-cp-≤-cn-®Xpw \ho-IrXhp-amb cq]-amWv kotdm-ae-_m¿ k`-bpsS taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvt°m-∏¬ Akw-ªn.
km[m-c-W-bmbn taP¿ B¿®p_nj]v A©p h¿j-Øn-semcn-°¬ Akwªn hnfn-®p-Iq-´p-I-bpw, k`m-ip-{iq-j-I-fp-sSbpw
tkh-\ß
- f
- p-sSbpw hnhn[ taJ-eI
- ƒ ]p\-ch
- tem-I\w sNbvXv
IqSp-X¬ ^e-{]-Zamb am¿§-߃ Bcm-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.1
Ime-Øns‚ Nph-sc-gp-Øp-Iƒ a\- n-em-°n B\p-Im-enI
temI-Øn¬ IqSp-X¬ {Inbm-fl-I-am-bn- h¿Øn°p-∂-Xn-\v D]I-cn-°p∂ Imcy-߃ 2016 HmKÃv 25 apX¬ 28 hsc- \-SØs∏Sp∂ Akwªnbn¬ N¿® sNø--W-sa∂v 2015 P\p-h-cnbn¬ tN¿∂ kotdm ae-_m¿ kn\Uv B{K-ln-°p-Ibpw
AXntebv°mbn k`m hnizm-kn-If
- n¬\n∂v hnj-bß
- ƒ £Wn°p-hm≥ Xocp-am-\n-°pIbpw sNbvXp. AX-\p-k-cn-®v, cq]-XIƒ, k\ym-k-ÿm-]-\-߃, {]hmknkaq-l-߃ F∂n-hn-Sß-fn¬ \n∂pw hnhn[ hnj-b-߃ kam-l-cn-°p-I-bp≠mbn.
Ah-bn¬ G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ \n¿t±in-°-s∏-´hbmb, -Pohn-XØnse emfnXyw, IpSpw-_-Ønse km£yw, {]hm-kn-I-fpsS
ZuXyw F∂o aq∂v B\pImenI {]k-‡amb hnj-b-߃
C∂ns‚ sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ°p≈ k`-bpsS {]Xyp-Ø-c-sa∂\nebn¬ 2015 HmKÃn¬ tN¿∂ sa{Xm≥ kn\Uv Xncs™Sp-Øp.
Cu hnj-b-{X-bßsf aq∂v IΩn-‰n-Iƒ {]tXy-I-ambpw kwbp‡-ambpw ]Tn-°p-I-bp-w hnhn[ Xe-ß-fn-¬ N¿® sNø-p-Ibpap≠m-bn. Ah-cpsS A£o-W]
-- -cn-{iaw hgn-bm-bp≈ Is≠- n-embn
Ø-ep-If
- mWv Cu am¿K-tcJ- (Lineamenta) aq∂p hn`mK-ßf
Ah-Xc
- n-∏n®n-cn-°p-∂X
- v. hnj-b_
- ‘
- n-bmbn Hcp°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂
Cu am¿K-tcJ- k`m-flIPohn-Xh
- p-ambn _‘-s∏´ hnhn[ taJ“Preamble, Statutes of the Major Archiepiscopal Assembly,” in The Code of
Particular Law of the Syro-Malabar Church, Part II, Syro-Malabar Major
Archiepiscopal Curia, Mount St. Thomas, Kochi, 2013, p. 100.
1
6
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
e-If
- psS kºq¿Æ-amb Ah-Xc
- W
- sam \ho-Ic
- Wsam Dƒs°m≈p-∂n-s√¶nepw Ah Akw-ªn-bnse N¿®-Iƒ
- °v Znim-t_m[w
\¬Ip-hm≥ ]cym-]vXa
- m-sW∂Xn¬ kwi-ban-√. A{]-Imcw k`bn¬ s]mXp- h mbpw Akw- ª n- b n¬ ]s¶- S p- ° p∂ AwK
-ß-ƒ°v {]tXy-I-ambpw Bi-b-ß-fp-sSbpw, A\p-`-h-ß-fp-sSbpw, B≤ym-fln-I-Zm-\-ß-fp-sSbpw ]c-kv]cw ]¶p-h-bv°en\v
CXp hgnsXfn-°pw (1sImdn 12: 4, 28; Ft^ 4:11).2
"Pohn-X-Ønse emfnXyw' F∂-Xm-Wv hnj-b-{X-b-ß-fn¬
H∂m-a-Xmbn Cu am¿K-tcJ-bn¬ hni-I-e\w sN-øp-∂-Xv.
{InkvXpinjy-cpsS Iq´m-bva-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ ss{I-kvXhk`,
\{k-Ønse Cutim-bp-sSbpw injy-cp-sSbpw amXrI A\p-Icn®v \nc-¥-c-ambn efn-X-Po-hn-X-ssi-en-bn-tebv°v Xncn-b-Ww.
B[p-\nI Ime-L-´-Øn¬ {^m≥kokv ]m∏ kphn-ti-j-aq-eyß-fpsS Dƒ°m-ºn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Nn¥-Iƒ \Ωn¬ DW¿Øns°m≠v emfn-Xy-Øns‚ Bƒcq-]-ambnØo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p.
AXym-hi
- y-Øn-\p-t]mepw e`n-°msX hcp-tºmgpw "aXn' F∂p
]d-bm-\p≈ Bflob Icp-ØmWv emfn-Xyw. F∂n-cp-∂mepw
emfn-Xy-sa-∂Xv Bflob]nip°v A√; adn®v `uXoIhkvXp°-fpsS \oXn-]q¿Δ-Ihpw anXhp-amb D]-tbm-K-Øn\pw Bhiy-°m-cp-am-bp≈ HuZm-cy-]q¿Æ-amb ]¶p-h-bv°-en\pw AXv
Hcp-hs\ \n¿_‘n-°p-∂p. BXy-¥n-I-ambn, F√mw krjvSn-®h\pw F√m-‰n-s‚bpw DS-b-h-\p-amb ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ B\-μ]q¿Æ-amb ASp∏w hgn-bm-Wv efn-X-Po-hn-X-w hf¿tØ-≠Xpw
\ne-\n¿tØ-≠Xpw. Cutim A`n-e-jn-°p-∂t]msebpw H∏w
Imen-I-temIw B{K-ln-°p-∂Xp-t]m-sebpw, {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ
Xß-fpsS at\m-`m-h-Ønepw {]h¿Ø-\-ssi-en-I-fn-epw, k`bpsS LS- \ - I - f nepw IqSp- X ¬ emfnXyw ]pe¿Ø- W - w .
kar≤nbpsS kwkv°m-c-Øn¬, Cutim-bpsS Pohn-X-Ønse
emfn-Xy-sa∂ \∑-sb-°p-dn®v [ym\n-°p-hm≥, AXns‚ shfn-®Øn¬ Xs‚ bYm¿∞ PohnXØns‚ hgn-Isf hne-bn-cp-Øp“Preamble, Statutes of the Major Archiepiscopal Assembly,” in The
Code of Particular Law of the Syro-Malabar Church, p. 100.
2
7
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
hm≥, Hcp-h\v Akm-am-\y-amb Bflm¿∞Xbpw [oc-Xbpw
Bh-iy-am-Wv. D]-t`m-Kh
- m-Zw, hy‡n-hmZw F∂n-hb
- m¬ kzm[o\n-°-s∏´ Cu temI-Øn¬, "Pohn-X-Ønse emfn-Xyw' F∂
Xes°t´mSp- I q- S nb H∂mw`mKw \sΩ BflhnNn- ¥ - \ Øntebv°pw \ho-I-c-W-Øntebv°pw \bn-°p-∂p.
"IpSpw-_-Ønse km£yw' F∂ hnjbamWv Cu
am¿KtcJ-bpsS c≠mw hn`mKØn¬ N¿® sNøs∏Sp-∂X
- v. Ipd®p-h¿j-ß-fmbn temIw apgp-h-\n-ep-ap≈ sa{Xm≥ kan-Xn-IfpsS AP-]m-e\{i≤ apgp-h\pw IpSpw-_sØ tI{μo-I-cn-®p≈-Xm-Wv. 2014 HIvtSm_¿ 5 apX¬ 19 hscbpw 2015 HIvtSm_¿
4 apX¬ 25 hscbpw tdman¬ \S∂ c≠p sa{Xm≥ kn\-Up-Ifnepw {InkvXob IpSpw-_ß
- ƒ B[p-\nI Ime-L´- Ø
- n¬ A`nap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ hnhn[ sh√p-hn-fn-I-fmWv {][m-\-ambpw N¿®
sNbvX-Xv. km¿Δ-{XnI k`-bn¬ \S∂ kn\-U¬ N¿®-I-fpsS
]mX ]n¥pS¿∂v ASpØ taP¿ B¿°nF∏n-ktv °m-∏¬ Akwªn-bpsS hnNn-¥\
- Ø
- n-\p≈ Hcp hnj-ba
- mbn IpSpw-_ß
- f
- nse
{InkvXob km£yw F∂Xv Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-hm≥ kotdm ae_m¿ kn\Uv Xocp-am-\n-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. hnip≤{KŸw, k`m]m-cº
- c
- y-߃, k`m-{]-t_m-[\
- ß
- ƒ F∂n-hb
- v°m-Wv Cu am¿KtcJbnse IpSpw-_-Ø-°p-dn-®p≈ {]Ya`mKw Du∂¬ sImSp°p∂Xv. {XnssXz-Ik
- vt\lw aq¿Ø-hX
- v°c
- n-°p-∂p-sh∂ coXnbn¬ ssZh-imkv{X bmYm¿∞y-ambpw Km¿lnI k` F∂
coXn-bn¬ k`m-bm-Ym¿∞y-ambpw kaq-l-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\L-SI
- s
- a∂ coXnbn¬ cmjv{Sob bmYm¿Yy-ambpw IpSpw-_sØ
ho£n-°p-hm\pw hne-bn-cp-Øp-hm\pw BZy-`mKw \sΩ £Wn°p-∂p. ka-Im-enI IpSpw-_-߃ t\cn-Sp∂ {][m-\-sh-√p-hnfn-Isf Xncn-®-dn-bp-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]cn-{i-a-amWv CXns‚ c≠mw-`mK-Øp-≈-Xv. B[p-\nI Ime-L-´-Øn¬ IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Øns‚
KpW-\n-eh
- mcw sa®-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\p≈ Nne {]mtbm-KnI \n¿t±i-ß-fmWv aq∂mw `mKw apt∂m´p hbv°p-∂-Xv. ka-Im-enI
IpSpw-_-߃ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ sh√p-hn-fn-Isf Xncn-®-dn-bphm\pw \ΩpsS IpSpw-_-ßsf Xncp-°p-Spw-_-ß-fm°n cq]m-¥c-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm-\p-ap≈ {]mtbm-KnI am\-߃ Is≠-Øp-hm-\pw,
8
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
Cu am¿K-tc-Jsb Nph-Sp-]n-Sn®p≈ N¿® D]-I-cn-°p-sa∂v
{]Xym-in-°p-∂p.
"{]hm-kn-I-fpsS ZuXyw' F∂-XmWv aq∂m-a-Xmbn Cu
am¿KtcJ-bn¬ N¿® sNøp-∂-Xv. kotdm ae-_m¿ hnizm-kn-IfpsS t{]jn-X-{]-h¿Ø-\hpw `mc-X-Øn-s‚bpw temI-Øns‚
Xs∂bpw hnhn[ `mK-ßf
- n-te-bv°p≈ IpSn-tb-‰hpw aqew C∂v
\ΩpsS k`bv°v BtKm-f-am\w ssIh∂ncn-°p-∂p. XØzØn¬, anj≥ {]h¿Ø-\h
- pw, IpSn-tb-‰hpw Htc \mW-bØns‚
Ccp-hi
- ß
- ƒ t]mse-bm-Wv. hnip≤-{K-ŸØ
- n-s‚bpw ssZh-imkv{X-Øn-s‚bpw ImgvN-∏m-S-\p-k-cn®v, temI-Øns‚ hnhn[
kmwkv°m-cnI˛`mjm˛aX -km-l-N-cy-ß-fn¬ I¿Øm-hns‚
kphn-tijw {]tLm-jn-®p-sIm≠v, \ΩpsS hnizm-k-Øns‚
]nXm-hmb tXmam-«o-lm-sb-t∏mse, km£yw hln-°p-hm≥ Xncs™-Sp-°-s∏´ ssZh-Øns‚ P\-amWv {]hm-kn-Iƒ. hnizm-kØns‚bpw ]mc-ºc
- y-ßf
- p-sSbpw ssIam-‰Ø
- nepw, IpSpw-_ß
- fpsS ]hn-{X-X-bnepw \ΩpsS k`-bnse {]hm-kn-Iƒ A\p-`hn-°p∂ {]Xn-k‘n-Iƒ AXn-Po-hn-°p-hm≥, temI-Øns‚
F√m CS-ß-fnepw sa®-s∏´ AP-]m-e-\-ip-{iqj \evIp-hm≥
kotdm- a - e - _ m¿ k` \n¿_- ‘ n- ° s∏Sp- ∂ p. Xß- f p- s Sk`bpsSbpw kmwkv-°m-cØns‚bpw X\n-a-bn¬ hf-cp-hm≥
kotdm-a-e-_m¿ sshZo-I-cpsS AP-]m-e\ ip{iq-j, k`m-X-\b¿°v Bhiy-amsW¶nepw k`-bpsS A[n-Im-c]
- c
- n-[n-bn-ep≈
]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ aqew ]e-t∏m-gpw, CXv \ntj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. F∂ncp-∂mepw Ieym¨, ^co-Zm-_mZv XpS-ßnb cq]-X-I-fpsS
ÿm]\w, a‰p anj≥ cq]-X-Iƒ, AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø-\-Øn-\mbp≈ `mc-X-Øn-ep≈ \ΩpsS anj≥ tI{μ-߃, Ata-cn-°bn- e p≈ Nn°mtKm cq]- X , Im\- U - b n- e p≈ an n- k uK
FIvkm¿t°‰v F∂nh BtKmf anj≥ {]h¿Ø-\-Øn-\mbp≈ kotdm ae-_m¿ k`-bpsS Xpd-°-s∏´ hmXm-b-\-ß-fmWv. kotdm ae-_m¿ {]hm-kn-I-fpsS hnhn[ {]iv\-߃ hc®p-Im-Wn-°p-∂Xp hgn Ah-cpsS {]Xo-£-Ifpw Bi-¶-Ifpw
k` apgp-h\pw Dƒs°m-≈p-Ibpw a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw sNøpsa∂v {]Xym-in-°mw.
9
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
k`-bp-sS Bfl-hn-Nn-¥\
- Ø
- n-\pw, hy‡nIƒ, IpSpw-_ß
- ƒ,
ÿm]-\-߃ F∂o X-e-ßfnep≈ \-ho-I-c-W-Øn-\pambn
Hcp°p∂ AaqeyAh-kc
- a
- mWv taP¿ B¿°nF∏n-kvt°m-∏¬
Akw-ªn-. C∂ns‚ sh√phn-fn-Iƒ°p-ff k`-bp-sS {]Xyp-Øcw, hninjym A\p-Zn-\-Po-hn-X-Øn-se emfn-Xyw, \Ωp-sS IpSpw_-ßfn-se {InkvXob km£yw, temIØns‚ hnhn-[-`m-K-ßfn-¬ kotdmae-_m¿ {]hm-kn-IfpsS ZuXyw F∂nh {]Xn-]mZn-°p∂ Cu am¿K-tcJbpsS {i≤m-]q¿h-amb ]T-\hpw Xpd∂-N¿®-Ifpw Akw-ªn˛2016 se hnhn[ sk-j-\p-Iƒ ^e-{]-Zam-bn-Øo-cp-hm≥ klm-bn-°-s´.
10
H∂mw hn-`mKw -
emfnXyw k`-bnepw
hy‡n-Po-hn-X-Ønepw
BapJw
1) D]-t`mK kwkvImcØns‚ Hcp Ime-L-´-Øn-em-Wt√m
\mw Pohn-°p-∂X
- v. PohnXw IqSp-X¬ kpJ-Ic
- am°m\p-XI
- p∂
hkvXp-°ƒ DXv]m-Zn-∏n-°p-Ibpw Ah [mcmfw Bfp-Iƒ D]tbm- K n- ° m≥ CS- h - c p- Ø p- I bpw sNøp∂ hymh- k m- b nI
kwkvImc-am-Wv C∂p ]S¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. BUw-_c
Kcn-abpw kmaqly ]Z-hnbpw am\-knI kpJhpw {]Zm\w
sNøp∂ Xc-Øn-ep≈ `h-\-߃, hkv{X-߃, Imdp-Iƒ,
Krtlm-]-I-c-W-߃ apX-em-b-hbpw BtLm-j߃, NS-ßpIƒ F∂n-hbpw h¿≤n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv CXns‚ kv]jvSamb {]I-S\
- a
- m-Wv. AXp-sIm≠p-Xs∂ A\p-Zn-\P
- o-hn-XØ
- nse
Bh-iy-߃ \nd-th-‰n-s°m≠v, efn-X-amb PohnXw \bn-°pI
F∂Xv C∂sØ kaq- l - Ø n¬ s]mXpsh A{]-k -‡-ambns°m≠n-cn-°p-∂Xpt]mse ImW-s∏-Sp∂p.
2) kaq-l-Ønse CØcw sh√p-hn-fn-I-ƒ kotdm-a-e-_m¿
k`-bn¬, {]tXy-In-®v, tIc-fØ
- n-ep≈ k`m-a°
- f
- n¬, C∂v {]IS-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂p F∂ Bi¶ k`m-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ Xs∂
{]I-Sn-∏n-°p-Ib
- p-≠mbn. AXns‚ ]›m-Øe
- Ø
- n¬, {InkvXobPo- h n- X Øn\v Fßs\ efn- X - a mb ssien- Bhn- j v I - c n
°m\mIpw F∂ hnjbw BKÃv 25 \v XpS-ßp∂ kotdm-a-e_m¿ Akw-ªn-bpsS hnj-b-ambn kn\Uv ]n-Xm-°-∑m¿ Xncs™-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. emfn-Xyw Fhn-sSbpw A`nImay-sa¶nepw, tIc-fØ
- n\v ]pd-Øv, Xt±-io-bc
- p-sS-bn-Sb
- n¬ cq]wsIm≠
ssii-hZ- i
- b
- n-ep≈ kaqlß-fn¬ ChnsS {]Xn-]m-Zn-°s∏Sp∂
sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ ]eXpw ImW-s∏-Sp-∂n√ F∂Xv {]tXyIw FSpØp-]-d-tb-≠Xm-Wv.
3) ""emfnXyw k`-bnepw hy‡n Pohn-X-Ønepw'' F∂
hnjbw ChnsS Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv \mep `mKßfmbm-Wv.
H∂mw `mKØn¬ Cutim-bpsS efnX Pohn-Xhpw {]t_m-[-\ßfpw c≠mw `mKØn¬ k`m-{]-t_m-[-\-ßfn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°s∏-Sp∂ efnXPohn-XZ¿i-\hpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-p-∂p. k`-bnepw
hy‡n-Po-hn-XØ
- nepw efnX PohnX ssien kzoI-cn°p-∂X
- ns‚
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
ASn-ÿm-\hpw Blzm-\-hpw \mw Is≠-Øp-I ssZh-h-N-\Ønepw k`-bpsS ]T-\-ß-fnepamWv. emfnXy Pohn-Xw A`n-apJo-I-cn-°p∂ B[p-\nI sh√p-hn-fn-Isf aq∂mw `mKØv hniI-e\w sNøp∂p. kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k`-bn¬ emfnXyw ]cn-io-en°m\pw Pohn-°m-\p-ap-ff {]mtbm-KnI hnNn¥-\-߃ tcJ-s∏Sp-Øp∂ \memw `mKw- {InkvXob emfn-Xy-Øns‚ _mlyhpw
{]I-S-hp-amb PohnX km£y-Øns‚ Bhn-jv°m-c-am-Wv.
1. Cutim-bpsS efnX PohnXhpw {]t_m-[-\-ßfpw
4) Cutim k`-bpsS inc pw k` Ahn-SpsØ ico-c-hpamWv. k`-bnepw hy‡n Pohn-X-Ønepw {]I-S-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cn°p∂ B¿`m-SØ
- ns‚ ssien-bn¬ \n∂v amdp-hm≥ \sΩ t{]cn∏n-°p-∂Xv k`-bpsS inc- mb Cutim-bpsS (F-t^. 5, 23)
efn-X-Po-hn-X-hpw {]t_m-[-\-ß-fpamWv. kphn-ti-j-Ønse
Cutim \ΩpsS hnNn-¥-\-߃°v hgn-Im-´n-bm-bn-cn-°s´.
1.1. Cutim aninlm- ˛ emfn-Xy-Øns‚ amXrI
5) ssZh-Øns‚ kº-∂-X-I-sf√mw kz¥-am-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂n´pw kzbw iq\y-\m-°n-s°m≠v Ah≥ Zmks‚ cq]w kzoIcn-®p (^n-en. 2, 6˛7). hN\w Hcp a\p-jy-in-ip-hmbn P\n-®p
(tbm-l. 1, 14). hn\-b-Øn-s‚bpw emfn-Xy-Øns‚bpw Bƒcq-]am-bmWv Ah≥ ]p¬sXm-´n-bn¬ ]nd-∂Xv (eq°m 2, 7). Ipdp-\cnIƒ°p amf-ßfpw BIm-i]
- d-hI
- ƒ°v IqSp-ap-s≠-¶nepw a\pjy-]p-{X\p Xe Nm-bv°m≥ kz¥-ambn Hcn-S-hp-an-√-mbncp∂p
(aØm 8:20). F√mw D≈-h-\m-bn-cp-∂n´pw Xs‚ P\-\-Ønepw
Pohn-X-Ønepw ac-W-Ønepw Cutim Zcn-{Z-\m-bn-cp-∂p.1
6) ^cn-tk-b-cp-sSbpw \nb-a-⁄-cp-sSbpw {]t_m-[-\-co-Xnbn¬ \n∂pw hn`n-∂-ambn XnI®pw efn-X-amb {]t_m-[-\-ssien-bm-bn-cp∂p Cutim-bptS-Xv. XnI®pw efn-X-ßfmb hbepw
hoSpw Imb-tem-chpw Ip∂n≥sNcnhpw tZhm-ebhpw Ahs‚
{]t_m-[-\-th-Zn-I-fm-bn. a\p-jy¿ A≤zm-\n-°p∂ ]mS-ßfpw
A\p-Zn-\-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ `mK-amb ]pfn-amhpw (eq°m 13, 20-˛21)
ho™p-`-c-Wn-Ifpw (eq°m 5, 37) FÆ-hn-f°pIfpw (eq°m 8,
13
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
16; 11, 33) apdn-hn-sem-gn-°p∂ FÆbpw (eq°m 10, 34) Iod¬
Xp∂n-t®¿°m-\p≈ XpWn-°-j-W-ßfpw (eq°m 5, 36) ]mSØp-ap-f-°p∂ hnØp-Ifpw ISp-Ip-a-Wnbpw (a-Øm. 13, 4˛9)
BIm-i-Ønse ]d-h-Ifpw (a-Øm. 6, 26-˛27) F√mw Ahs‚
hN-\{- ]-tLm-jW
- Ø
- ns‚ `mK-am-bn. \n›-bZ- m¿Vy-tØmsSbpw
XnI™ ZuXy-t_m-[t- Øm-sSbpamWv Cutim ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp-s∂sX-¶nepw XnI®pw efn-Xhpw Pohn-Xk
- v]¿in-bp-ambn AXv ssZhP-\-Øn\v A\p-`-h-s∏-´p.
7) {Inkv X p- h ns‚ emfnXyw Ahs‚ a\p- j ym- h - X mcw
sIm≠pw Ipcn-ip-ac
- Ww sIm≠pw Ah-km-\n-°p-∂X
- m-bn--cp-∂n√. adn®v shdp-samcp \n m-c-amb A∏-ambn amdm≥ am{Xw
Ah≥ Xs∂-Øs∂ XmgvØn. C∂pw A\p-Zn\ Ip¿_m-\-Ifn¬ Bh¿Øn-°p∂Xv Ahs‚ Cu emfnXyØns‚ ]c-a-ImjvT-bm-Wv. ]cn-ip≤ Ip¿_m-\-bn-eqsS AhnSp∂v Cu emfn-Xy`mhw Pohn-X-\n-b-a-am-°m-\mWv \tΩmSv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.
1.2. Cutim-bpsS B¥-cnI kzmX{¥yw: emfn-Xy-Øns‚
DZm-Ø-`mhw
8) efn-X-Po-hnXw B¥-cn-I-amb kzmX-{¥y-am-Wv. Bh-iyß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ hnSp-Xn-bm-W-Xv. Pohn-X-Øn\v AXymh-iy-ambXp am{Xw aXn F∂p Xocp-am-\n-®p-sIm≠v, AXn-\-∏p-d-Øp≈-h-bn¬ Affn∏nSn°mt\m H´n-∏n-Sn-°mt\m kzbw A\-ph-Zn°m-Xn-cn-°p∂ D≈ns‚ kzmX-{¥y-am-WX
- v. bYm¿∞ B¥-cnI
kzmX{¥yw ]cn-[n-I-fn-√msX kvt\ln-°m-\p≈ Ign-hm-Wv.
Cutim H∂n-t\m-Spw ˛ A[n-Im-c-tØm-tSm, AwKo-Im-c-tØmtSm, kº-Øn-t\mtSm, kz¥w Poh-t\m-Sp-t]m-eptam ˛ ASn-as∏-´n-cp-∂n-√. Cu kzmX-{¥y-ap≈-Xp-sIm≠mWv ssZh-cm-PyØn\v tNcm-Ø-h-sb√mw \n¿`bw X≈n-°-f-bm\pw kt¶m-Nan-√msX ]pØ≥ ]mX-Iƒ Xpd-°m\pw Ah\v Ign™Xv.
9) Cu B¥-cn-I-kzm-X-{¥y-Øns‚ _ln¿kv^p-c-W-am-bncp∂p Cutim ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp∂ kulr-Z-߃. ]{¥≠v A∏kvtXm-e-∑mcpsS kulr-Z-Iq´m-bva-bn-emWv Ahn-Sp∂v Xs‚
ip{iqj \n¿Δ-ln-®X
- v. Ahsc Ahn-Sp∂v kvt\ln-X∑
- m¿ F∂v
14
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
hnfn-®p (tbm-l. 15, 15). Ahn-Sp∂v Hcn-°epw a\p-jy-cn¬ \n∂v
HmSn-sbm-fn-®n-√, adn-®v, F√m-hs
- cbpw ssZh-cm-Py-Øns‚ kulrZ-Øn-te°v amSn-hn-fn-®p. henb P\-°q´w Ft∏mgpw Ahs\
A\p-[m-h\w sNbvXp-sIm≠n-cp-∂p. Cutim-bpsS emfnXyw
kulr-Z-߃°v CSw Is≠-Øp-∂Xmbn-cp∂p.
-10) B-¥-cnI kzmX{¥yw D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v Cutimbv°v kaq-l-Ønse ]mh-s∏-´-h-scbpw [\n-I-scbpw, ]m]nsbbpw \oXn-am-s\-bpw, Hcp-t]mse kvt\ln-°m\pw ssZh-cmPy-Øn-te°v £Wn-°p-hm\pw Ign-™p. kº-∂-scbpw kaql-Ønse D]cn-Xe
- Ønep-≈h
- s
- cbpw Ah≥ shdp-Øn-√. Ah¿
£Wn-®-t∏m-sg√mw Ahn-Sp∂v Ah-cpsS hncp-∂p-Iƒ°p-t]mbn (eq°m 14, 1; 5,29; 7, 6: 7, 30, 11, 37). F∂m¬ a\p-jy-Po-hnXw
[\y-am-Ip-∂Xv kº-Øp-sIm≠√ F∂v Ah≥ Ak-∂n-Kv[ambn ]Tn-∏n®p (eq°m 12, 15).
11) kap-Zmbw Ah-K-Wn-°pItbm -{`jvSp-I-ev]n-°p-Itbm
sNbvXncp∂ F√m-hscbpw {]tXy-I-hn-[-Øn¬ Ahn-Sp-∂v
kvt\ln-®p. Ah-cpsS timN-\obh-ÿ-bn¬ \n∂v hntam-Nn∏n°p-hm-\mWv Ahn-Sp∂p Ah-cp-ambn kulrZw ]¶p-h®Xv.
kaq-l-Ønse G‰w sNdn-b-h-cmb IpjvT-tcm-Kn-Isfbpw apS¥-scbpw A‘-scbpw Ahn-Sp∂v kpJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw, ]m]nI-tfm-sSm∏w `£n-°p-Ibpw H∂p-an-√m-Øh
- t- cm-sSm∏w Pohn-°pIbpw A¥n-bp-d-ßp-Ibpw sNbvXp. kaq-l-Ønse F√m \nehm-c-Øn-ep-≈-h-cp-ambn Htc tai-bn¬ \n∂v `£Ww ]¶p-h®-Xp-hgn AhnSp∂v Ahsc Xpey-cmbpw ktlm-Zc
- c
- mbpw AwKoI-cn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. hncp-s∂m-cp-°p-tºmƒ Zcn-{Z-scbpw
hnI-emw-Ks
- cbpw apS-¥s
- cbpw Ipcp-Ss
- cbp-sam-s°-bmWv £Wnt°≠Xv F∂v Cutim ]Tn-∏n-®p (eq°m 14, 13-˛14). PmXn, h¿§,
Ipe aln-a-I-f-√, ]cn-[n-I-fn-√mØ kvt\-l-amWv a\p-jy-a-lXz-Øns‚ \nZm-\w (eq°m 10, 25-˛37) F∂v kz¥Pohn-X-ØnepsS Ah≥ ad-dp-f-f-h¿°v ImWn®p sImSp-Øp.
12) kZp-°m-b¿
- s°Xn-sc-bp≈ Cutim-bpsS hna¿i-\ß
- ƒ
Ahn-SpsØ emfn-Xy-ImgvN∏
- mSpIfn-te°v hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂p-≠v.
ac-Wm-\-¥-c-Po-hn-X-sØ-°p-dn®v hy‡-amb [mc-W-I-fn-√m-Xn15
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
cp∂ Ah¿ BUw-`-c-{]n-bcpw kzØpw kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßfpw
kzm[o-\hpw Cu temI-Øn¬ Bthmfw Bkz-Zn-°p∂-Xn¬
Xr]vXn-Is
- ≠-Øn-bn-cp-∂h
- c
- p-am-bn-cp-∂p. km[p-°t- fmSpw km[mc-W°
- m-tcmSpw Ch¿°v ]p—-am-bn-cp-∂p. CXn¬ \n∂pw XnI®pw
hyXy- k vX- a mbn Np¶- ° m- c p- s Sbpw ]m]n- I - f p- s Sbpw
kplrØmbn-cp∂p Cutim (eq°m 7, 34). ssZh-sØbpw
]WsØbpw Hcp-an®v tkhn-°pI km[y-a-s√∂v Cutim ]Tn∏n-®p (eq°m 16, 13). tZhm-e-bsØ I®-h-S-ÿ-e-am-°p-∂-Xn¬
\n¿Wm-bI ]¶p-h-ln-®n-cp∂ kZp-°m-b¿°pIq-Sn-bp≈ adp-]Sn-bm-bmWv Cutim Nm´-hm-sd-Sp-Ø-Xv (tbm-l. 2, 13-˛22). I√nt∑¬ I√p-ti-jn-°msX Pdp-ksew tZhm-ebw XI¿∂-Snbpw
(a-Øm. 24, 2) F∂ Cutim-bpsS hm°p-Iƒ, BUw-_c-Ønepw
I®-h-S-at\m-`m-h-Ønepw Du∂n-bp-ff AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø-\ßfpsS A¥y-sa-ßs\bmbncn°pw F-∂t√ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv?
13) ^cn-tk-b-tcm-Sp≈ Cutim-bpsS at\m-`m-hhpw CØcp-W-Øn¬ {it≤-b-am-Wv. amdn-h-cp∂ kml-N-cy-ß-fpsS
kΩ¿±-ßfn¬ hnizmk£bw kw`-hn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥, \nb-am\p-jvTm-\ß
- f
- nepw k¶o¿W-amb BNm-cß
- f
- nepw kpc-£n-XXzw
Is≠-Øn-bn-cp-∂-h-cmbncp∂p ^cn-tk-b¿. "ip≤' aXm-fl-IX
Im°phm-\mbn km[m-c-W-°m-cn¬ \n∂pw AI∂p Pohn-°pIbpw Np¶-°m-tcmSpw ]m]n-I-tfm-Sp-sam∏w `£n-°m-Xn-cn-°pIbpw sNøp-∂-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p Ah¿. X߃ Zm\w sNøp-∂Xpw
{]m¿∞n-°p-∂Xpw D]-h-kn-°p-∂Xpw \mep-t]¿ Adn-bp∂-Xn\mbn, \m¬°-h-e-I-fn¬ h®v {]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw (eq°m 20,
47, aØm. 6, 16), Bfl-{]-iw-k-sN-øp-Ibpw (eq°m 18, 11-˛12)
{][m\ Ccn-∏n-S-߃ tXSp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xn¬ am{Xw (eq°m
11, 43; 14, 7; aØm. 23, 6˛7) Pm{KX ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp-∂ Hcp aX-Pohn-X-am-bn-cp∂p Ah-cp-tS-Xv. \nb-asØ, {]tXy-In®v km_-ØmN-c-W-sØ, A£-cm¿∞-Øn¬ hymJym-\n-®n-cp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v
Ah-cpsS \nb-a-hn-[n-Iƒ kmam\y P\-Øn\v Xmßm-\m-hmØ
Npa-Sp-I-fm-bn-Øo¿∂p (eq°m 11, 46, eq°m 13, 14).
14) Cutim ^cn-tk-b-scbpw \nb-a-⁄-scbpw shdp-°p16
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
Itbm i{Xp-°f
- mbn ImWp-Itbm sNøp-∂n-√. Ahn-Sp∂v AhcpsS BYnXyw kzoI-cn-®ncp∂p (eq-°m 7, 36; 11, 37; 14, 1). \n°tZ-aq-kn-s\-t∏m-ep-≈-h¿ cl-ky-Øn¬ Ahs\ A\p-K-an-°pIbpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p (tbm-l. 3, 1). F∂m¬, kzbw \oXo-I-cn°pIbpw a‰p-≈-hsc Ipd-hp-≈-h-cm-bn-°≠v A\m-h-iy-ambn
\nb-a-߃ ASn-t®-ev]n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xns\ Cutim
FXn¿Øp. ]nXm-hmb ssZh-Øns‚ Imcp-Wyhpw a\p-jys‚
alXzhpw ad-∂p≈ \nb-am-\p-jvTm-\sØ Ahn-Sp∂v FXn¿Øp.
a\p-jys‚ \∑-bv°p-X-Ip-∂-Xm-IWw \nb-am-\p-jvTm-\-ßfpw
km_-Øm-N-c-Whpw (a¿t°m. 3, 4; 2, 27) F∂v Ahn-Sp∂v ]Tn∏n®p. \nb-a-Øns‚ k¶p-Nn-X-amb ImgvN-∏m-Sn-eqsS t\m°ptºmƒ a\p-jysc ssZh-Øns‚ kmZr-iy-ßfmbn ImWm≥
km[n-°msX hcp-Ibpw Ah-tcmSv Imcp-Wy-an-√msX s]cp-amdp-hm≥ CS-bm-Ip-Ibpw sNøpw. Np¶-°mcpw ]m]n-If
- pamb-hsc
ssZh-cm-Py-Øns‚ Ah-Im-in-If
- m°m≥ Ah-cnse ssZhn-I`- mhsØ D÷o-hn-∏n-°pIbmWv I¿Øm-hv sNbvXXv (a-Øm. 21,
31; 8, 11; eq°m 7, 29-˛30). Cutim shfn-s∏-Sp-Ønb ]nXm-hmb
ssZhw Xs∂ emfn-Xy-ap-≈-h-\m-bXp sIm≠m-Wv, kphn-ti-jØnse Cutim emfn-Xy-ap-≈-h-\m-bXv; kphn-ti-jm-\p-kr-Xamb emfn-Xy-Øn-te°v \mw hnfn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
1.3. -{In-kvXp-hns‚ emfnXyhpw {InkvXp-in-jys‚ ]¶p-hbv°p-hm-\p≈ hnfnbpw
15) Bflm-hn¬ Zcn-{Z-cm-bh
- ¿°mWv {InkvXp-hns‚ emfnXyw
Pohn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°pI. kphn-ti-j-Øns‚ kmc-kw-{K-lambn aØm-bn-bpsS kphn-ti-jØ
- n¬ (aØm 5, 3˛12) ImWp∂
AjvT-`m-Ky-߃ Xs∂ 37-˛mw k¶o¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ]p\¿hm-b\-bm-Wv (-k-¶o. 37, 1-˛11). CXn\v ]›-mØ-e-sam-cp-°n-bXv ]g-b\n-b-a-Ønse A\hnw bmth (Anawim Yhwh) AYhm ssZhØns‚ \nkz-sc∂ ImgvN-∏m-Sm-Wv. ssZh-Øns‚ Zcn-{Z--sc∂p
]d- ™ m¬ ssZh- a - √ msX a‰mcpw B{i- b - a n- √ mØh¿
F∂¿∞w. AXm-bXv kaq-l-Ønse G‰hpw sNdn-b-h¿.
ImcWw, AhcmWv ssZhsØ hnfn®v tIW-t]-£n-°p-∂-h¿.
ssZhw Ahsc ad-°n√ (k¶o 9:18). Ahn-Sp∂v Ah-cpsS \ne17
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
hnfn tIƒ°p-Ibpw (k¶o 10:17) Ahsc Xs‚ hgn ]Tn∏n°pIbpw sNøpw (k¶o 25:9); Ahsc Xr]vX-cm°pw (k¶o
22:26); Ahsc ]n¥p-Wbv°pw (k¶o 147:6); Ah¿°v \oXn
\S-Øn-s°m-Sp°pw (Gi 11:4); Ahsc Xs‚ c£-bm¬ Ae¶-cn°pw (k¶o 149:4); Ah¿ I¿Øm-hn¬ B\-μn-°p-Ibpw
sNøpw (Gi 29:19). Npcp-°Ø
- n¬, ssZh-Øn¬ kºq¿Æ-ambn
B{i-b-a¿∏n-°pIbpw ssZh-Øm¬ kº-∂-cm-°s∏-SpIbpw
sNøp∂-h-cm-Wv -Bflm-hn¬ Zcn-{Z¿. I¿Øm-hpam{X-amWv
AhcpsS Hml-cnbpw tIm´-bpw.
16) `uXn-I-k-º-Øp-≈-h\pw C√m-Ø-h\pw I¿Øm-hn¬
(B-flm-hn¬) Zcn-{Z-cm-IW
- w. F∂m¬, `uXn-Ik
- º
- Ø
- p-≈h
- ≥,
Zcn-{Z-\m-IW
- s
- a-¶n¬ Ah≥ kt°-hq-kn-s\-t∏mse (eq°m 19,
8) B kº-Øv ]¶ph°m≥ Xøm-dmI-Ww. ssZh-Øn¬ ]q¿Wambn B{i-bn®v X\n-°p≈ kºØv Zcn-{Z¿°v ]¶p-h-bv°p∂-h-cmWv Bflm-hn¬ Zcn-{Z-cm-b-h¿. ssZh-Øn¬ B{i-bn-°p- I bpw Ahn- S psØam{Xw kº- Ø mbn IW- ° m- ° p- I bpw
sNøp∂Xns\-bmWv {^m≥knkv ]m∏m {InkvXp-hns‚ Zmcn{Zy-Øn¬ kº-∂c
- m-Ip∂ {]{In-bb
- mbn Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-∂Xv.2
Cu A¿∞-Øn¬ {InkvXp-hns‚ emfnXyw ]n¥p-Sc
- p∂ injy¿
G‰hpw sNdnb ktlm-Z-csc {InkvXp-hns‚ ico-c-am-sW∂p
I≠v ]¶p-h-bv°Ww (aØm 25:45).3
17) an®-ap-≈Xv sImSp-°pIsb∂ km[m-cW Zm\-[¿Ω-a√, adn®v Hcp-hs‚ Bh-iy-Øn-\p≈Xpw "D]-Po-h-\-Øn-\p≈Xp-t]mepw sImSp-°p∂' (a¿t°m 12:44) {InkvXp-hns‚ ]¶p-hbv°-en¬ ]¶m-fn-bm-Im-\mWv {InkvXp-in-jy≥ hnfn-°-s∏-´n-cn°p-∂-Xv. emfnXyw F∂-Xn\v D]tbm-Kn-°-p∂ ltπm-sXkv
(haplotes) F∂ {Ko°p-]Zw ]¶p-h-bv°p∂ emfn-Xy-sØ-bmWv
Ah-Xc
- n-∏n-°p-∂Xv. BZn-ak
- `- b
- psS Pohn-Xs
- si-ensb G‰hpw
at\m-l-c-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°phm≥ Cu ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-®p-ImWp-∂p≠v: hnizkn®h¿ F√mhcpw H‰kaqlamhpIbpw
X߃°p≠mbncp∂sX√mw s]mXphmbn°cpXpIbpw
sNbvXp. Ah¿ XßfpsS kzØp°fpw hkvXphIIfpw hn‰v
18
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
Bhiym\pkcWw F√mh¿°pambn hoXn®p. Ah¿ GI
a\kvtkmsS XmXv]cy]q¿Δw A\pZn\w tZhmebØn¬
H∂n®pIqSpIbpw `h\wtXmdpw A∏wapdn°pIbpw
lrZbemfnXytØmSpw BÀmZtØmSpw IqsS `IvjWØn¬
]¶ptNcpIbpw sNbvXncp∂p (A∏. {- ]-h. 2, 44˛46). X߃°p≈-sX√mw s]mXp-hm-bn-°-cp-Xp-Ibpw Bh-iy-°m¿°v ]¶p-hbv°p-I-bpw sNbvXp-sIm≠mWv BZn-a-ss{I-kvX-h¿ Xß-fpsS
ss{IkvX-h-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-ßfmb {]m¿∞-\, A∏w
apdn-°¬, Iq´mbva F∂nhbneqsS BÀm-Zhpw lrZ-b-em-fnXyhpw D≈-h-cm-b-Xv. sFIyw, Bflm¿∞-X (Ft^. 6, 5;
sImtfm. 3, 22), kXy- k - ‘ X, DZm- c X F∂n- h - s b√mw
ltπmsXkv F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ ˛ emfn-Xy-Øns‚ ˛ hnhn[
A¿∞-X-e-߃ Xs∂. Zm\w sNøp∂-h≥ HuZm-cy-tØm-sSsNøp-hn≥ (-tdm-a. 12, 8). HuZm-cy-amWv ˛em-fn-Xy-amWv ˛ Zm\Øn\v \ndw ]I-cp-∂-Xv. Zmcn-{Zy-Ønep≈ Zm\-am-Is´ Ic-I-hns™m-gp-Ip∂ kº-Ømbn amdpw (2 sImdn. 8, 2; 9, 11). sX‰mb
{]t_m-[\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ]n¥n-cn-bp-hm≥ {InkvXp-hn-ep≈
emfnXyhpw hnip-≤nbpw \sΩ klm-bn-°pw (2 sImdn. 11, 3).
18) emfnXyw F∂Xv tIhew B¿`m-S-ß-fn-√m-Ø, Ae-¶mc-ß-fn-√mØ PohnXØn¬ HXp-°n-\n-dp-Øm-hp-∂-X√. AXv
hm°pw {]hr-Ønbpw XΩn-ep≈ s]mcp-Ø-am-Wv. t_m[y߃°-\p-kc
- n-®p≈ ]¶p-hb
- v°em-Wv. AI-hpw ]pdhpw H∂mIp∂ \njvI]
- S- X
- b
- m-Wv. efn-XP
- o-hn-XØ
- n¬\n∂p ]pd-tØ-s°mgp-Ip-∂ ssZhkvt\l-Øns‚ ip≤-amb {]Im-i-\-amWv ImcpWyw. Icp-W-b-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-h≥ IcpW sNøp-∂-h-\n-eqsS
ssZh-Øns‚ apJw Z¿in-°p-∂p. IcpW sNøp-∂-h-\m-I-s´,
X∂n-eqsS {]Im-in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ ssZhn-I-X-bpsS {]`bn¬
ssZhm\p-`h-Øm¬ \nd-bp-∂p. Aßs\ emfn-Xyhpw ImcpWyhpw a\p-jy-k-aq-lsØ B¥-cn-I-ambpw _mly-ambpw
ssZhm-\p-`h-Øn¬ hf-cm≥ klm-bn-°p-∂p. InkvXp-hns‚
at\m-`m-hhpw Pohn-X-co-Xn-bp-am-Ip∂ \n[n Is≠-Øp-∂-hs‚
apºn¬ `uXnI kº-sØ√mw \njv{]-`-am-Ipw.4 D≈Xv ]¶p-hbv°p-hm-\p-≈X
- mWv F∂ t_m[yw PohnX emfn-Xy-Øn¬ A`n19
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
am-\n-°p-hm≥ \sΩ t{]cn-∏n°pw. k`-bn¬ C∂v G‰hpw Bhiy-am-bn-cn-°p∂ at\m-`m-hhpw CXp-X-s∂.
2. efnXPohnXw k`m-{]-t_m-[-\-ß-fn¬
19) emfn-Xy-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hn. {KŸ ktμ-i-Øns‚
XpS¿®-bmWv k`m-{]t_m-[\ß-fnepw ssZh-im-kv{X-kc
- W
- n-Ifnepw \mw ImWp-∂ hnip-≤-amb emfnXyw (sancta simplicitas).
{InkvXo-b-Po-hnXw \bn-°p-∂-Xn\v \sΩ klm-bn-°p∂ {][m\-s∏´ DXvt{]-c-I-amWXv. a\p-jys‚ hm°p-I-f-√, lrZ-b-em-fnXy-amWv ssZhw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-∂Xv F∂v hn. t_kn¬ ]Tn-∏n°p-∂p. Ffn-as
- b∂ ]pWyhpw ssZh-Øn-ep≈ ]cn-]q¿W-amb
B{i-b-Xz-hp-amWv hnip-≤-em-fn-Xy-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-߃.
{Inkv X o- b - e m- f n- X y- Ø ns‚ hnhn[ am\- ß sf°p- d n®v hn.
{IntkmtÃmw hmNm-e-am-Ip-∂Xv ImWmw ˛ ""im¥-X-tbmsS
kabw Nne-hg
- n-°p-∂h
- ¿, kXy-k‘
- h
- pw ka-Nn-ØX
- b
- p-≈X
- pamb PohnXw \bn-°p-∂-h¿, A\o-Xn-bpsS {]I-S-\-߃ C√mØ-h¿, ]´-W-Øns‚ B¿`m-S-ß-fn-√m-Ø-h¿, X∂njvSa-\p-hZn-°mØh¿, kpt_m-[-tØmsS Pohn-°p-∂-h¿, A≤zm-\n°p∂-Xn¬ e÷n-°m-Ø-h¿, kI-e-hn[ ZpjvS-X-bp-sSbpw Dd-hn-Samb Ae-k-X-bn¬ e÷n-°p-∂-h¿, _mly-amb BIm-c-sØ
t{ijvTambn ImWm-Ø-h¿, F∂m¬, Xß-fpsS a\- ns‚
B¥-cn-I-X-bn¬ A`n-am-\n-°p-∂-h¿....''5
2.1. hnip-≤-em-fn-Xyhpw ss{IkvX-h-Po-hn-Xhpw
20) emfn-Xyhpw anX-Xzhpw: emfnXyw {InkvXo-bP
- o-hn-XsØ
F{]-Imcw al-Ø-c-am-°p∂p F∂v sl¿a-knse CS-b≥ ]Tn∏n-°p-∂p-≠v: ""hnizm-k-Øn¬ \n∂mWv Bfl-\n-b-{¥Ww ]pds∏-Sp-∂-Xv. Bfl-\n-b-{¥-W-Øn¬ \n∂v emfn-Xy-hpw. emfn-XyØn¬ \n∂mWv \njvI]
- S- X P∑w sIm≈p-∂X
- v.''6 emfn-Xyhpw
Bfl-\n-b-{¥-Whpw ]c-kv]cw _‘-s∏-´p-In-S-°p-∂p. ]n∂oSv
ss{Ikv X h B≤ym- fl n- I - X - b n¬ hf¿∂p- h ∂ anXXzw
(temporance) F∂ ]pWyw emfn-Xy-Øns‚ kl-bm-{Xn-I-bm-Wv.
AXv \sΩ ]cn-an-Xn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ \ntj-[m-fl-I-amb H∂√, adn20
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
®v, \ΩpsS B¥-cn-I-im-¥-Xsb e£yw h®p≈ Hcp Pohn-X{I-ao-Ic
- W
- a
- m-Wv. hkvXp-°fpw kuI-cy-ßfpw kzm¿∞-]c
- a
- mbn
Ip∂p-Iq-´p-∂-Xn-\p≈ \n¿_-‘-_p-≤n-bn-¬ \n∂v hnSp-X¬
{]m]n®v \ΩpsS Pohn-X-Ønse \∑Isf Xncn-®-dnbp-Ibpw
kzm`m-hn-I]
- c
- n[n ewLn-°msX Ahsb Bkz-Zn-°p-hm≥ \sΩ
{]m]vX-cm-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ ]pWy-am-W-Xv.
21) emfn-Xyhpw Xo£vW-Xbpw: Nne¿ emfn-Xy-ap-≈h
- s
- c∂v
Ah- I m- i - s ∏- S p- s ∂¶nepw XnI®pw aμKXn- ° m- c mWv .
emfnXyap≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°pI F∂-Xp-sIm≠v aSn-b-cm-bn-cn-°p-I
F∂¿∞-an√ -F∂v hn. A-K-Ãn≥ hy‡am°p-∂p. tbml. 1,
32- ¬ Cutim-bpsS amtΩm-Zo-k-bn¬ {]mhns\t∏mse Cd-ßnh∂ ]cnip≤m-flmhv emfn-Xy-Øns‚ AS-bm-f-am-Wv. hn. AKÃns‚ ho£-W-Øn¬, kz¥w Xm¬]-cy-߃ t\m°msX
{InkvXp-hns‚ Imcy-߃ At\z-jn-°p-∂-h-cmWv {]mhn-t\t∏mse emfn-Xy-ap-≈h
- ¿. F∂m¬, D∞n-X\
- mb {InkvXp s]¥s°m-kvXm-Zn-\-Øn¬ X∂n¬ hniz-kn-°p-∂-h¿°v ]cnip≤mflmhns\ ]I¿∂p X∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv Xo\m-hp-I-fpsS cq]-Ønem-Wv. {]mhn-t\-t∏mse emfn-Xy-ap-≈-h-cm-Im≥ ]cn-{i-an-°ptºmgpw Xo\m-hp-I-sf-t∏mse Xo£vW-X-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°Ww
{InkvXym-\n-Iƒ. hn. Ão^≥ ssZhm-flm-hn-\m¬ \nd-™n-cp∂-Xn-\m¬ Xo£vW-X-sIm≠v Pzen-®n-cp-∂p. AXn-\m-emWv
Ahs\ {ihn® hntcm-[n-Iƒ Ahs\ Fdn-bm≥ I√p-I-sf-SpØ-Xv. F∂m¬, It√-dns‚ a[y-Øn¬ ap´p-IpØn \n¬°p∂
Ão^-\n¬ {]mhns‚ emfnXyw hn. AK-Ãn≥ Z¿in-°p∂p.
AXn-\m-emWv Ah≥ Xs‚ Kpcp-hn-t\-t∏mse ""I¿Øm-th, Cu
]m]w \o Ah-cpsS ta¬ Npa-Ø-cp-tX'' F∂v {]m¿∞n-®-Xv.7
22) ao≥]n-Sp-Ø°
- mcpw ]
- m-]n-Ifpw IqSm-c\
- n¿am-Xm-°f
- p-amb
injy∑m-cpsS emfn-Xy-amWv Ahsc Xo£vW-X-bp≈ t{]jnX-cm-Iphm≥ klm-bn-®Xv F∂v hn. {IntkmtÃmw ]Tn-∏n-°p∂p≠.v8 {InkvXym-\n-IfpsS B¿`m-SP
- o-hnXw Ah¿ Gs‰-Sp-Øncn-°p∂ Bflo-b-k-acw Ae-kn-t∏m-Ip-hm≥ Fßs\ Imc-Wam-Ip∂p F∂v At±lw hnhcn°p-∂X
- n-{]-Im-ca
- mWv: ""ap∂n¬
sabvh-g-°-tØmsS \n¬°p∂ a√-\mb i{Xp-hp-ambn a¬]n21
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
Sp--Ø-Øn-te¿s∏-Sp-hm≥ Im¬]mZw hsc \o≠ tae-¶n-Ifpw
]´p-h-kv{X-ßfpw inc- n¬ hne-Ip-d™ B`-c-W-ßfpw (trinkets) AWn™v \n¬°p-∂-h¿°v Fßs\ km[n°pw? i{Xphns\ tXm¬∏n-°pI F∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ Xs‚ ta¬Øcw hkv{X߃ sNfn-]p-cf
- m-Xn-cn-°p-∂X
- n\pw Iodm-Xn-cn-°p-∂X
- n\pw Bbncn°pw Abm-fpsS {i≤. _mly-am-b- tamSn-Ifn¬ {i≤n-°msX
B¥-cn-I-am-b-h-bn¬ a\- ns\ GIm-{K-am-°p-tºmƒ am{Xta
\ap°v Xn∑-bpsS ta¬ hnPbw hcn-°m≥ km[n-°q''.9
23) hnizm-k-hym-Jym-\-ß-fn-ep≠m-tI≠ emfnXyw: hfsc
kmt¶-Xn-I-amb ]Zm-h-en-I-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v hnizm-k-Øns‚ emfnXy-hpw AIr-{Xn-aX
- zhpw C√m-Xm-°c
- pXv F∂v hn. t_kn¬ ]Tn10
∏n-°p-∂p≠.v euInI `mj-bpsS s]mß-®-Øn-e-√, ""hn\o-Xamb kw`m-jW
- Ø
- n-emWv ssZhw kw{]o-X\
- m-bn-cn-°p-∂X
- v.''11
""emfnXyw kXy-Øns‚ Nßm-Xn-bm-Wv.''12 {^m≥knkv ]m∏mtemI-{i-≤ ]nSn-®p-]-‰p-∂Xv At±-l-Øns‚ hm°nepw {]hrØn-bn-ep-ap≈ Cu emfn-Xy-am-Wv.
2.2.-em-fn-Xyhpw hn`-h-ß-fpsS hn\n-tbmKhpw
24) hn`-hh
- n-\n-tbm-KsØ-°p-dn-®p≈ k`-bpsS {]t_m-[\w
emfn-Xy-Øns‚ ]Iz-amb am\-ß-fn-te°v \sΩ \bn-°pw.
"Rm≥ IjvS-s∏´v A≤zm-\n®v D≠m-°nb kzØm-Wv. AXv
F\n°v CjvSa
- p-≈t- ]mse Bkz-Zn®v Rm≥ Pohn°pw. AXn¬
\n߃°v F¥v Imcyw' F∂ Nn¥-bmWv Nnesc BVw-_cØn-te°v \bn-°p-∂Xv. F∂m¬, ssZh-Ir-]-bm¬ \ap°v
ssIh-∂h
- sb F{]-Imcw t\m°n-°m-WWsa∂v hn. {KŸhpw
k`m-{]-t_m-[-\-ßfpw \sΩ hy‡-ambn ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p-≠v.
krjvSnbpsS Bcw-`-Øn¬ Xs∂ `qan-sbbpw AXns‚ hn`-hß-sfbpw ]cn-c£
- n-°m\pw A≤zm\w hgn Ah-bpsS ta¬ A[nImcw ]pe¿Øm\pw Ah-bpsS ^e-߃ Bkz-Zn-°m\pw
ssZhw a\pjys\ \ntbm-Kn-®p (D¬]. 1, 26-˛29). F∂m¬, hn`h-ß-fpsS km¿h-{Xn-I-e-£ysØ ad-°-cpXv F∂v k` Hm¿Ωn∏n-°p-∂p.13 krjvSh
- k
- vXp-°ƒ a\p-jyIpe-Øn\v apgp-h\
- p-ambn
Dt±-in-°-s∏-´mWv krjvSn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. s]mXpImcy-ÿ22
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
Xbv°mWv ssZhw a\p-jys\ Ah `c-ta¬]n-®Xv, A√msX,
Ahs‚ kzm¿∞em`-Øn-\-√.14 ""F√m-hcpw F√m-h¿°pw
th≠n-bmWv'' F∂ Iq´p-Øc
- h
- m-ZnØt_m[w c≠m-bncw h¿j
-°m-ew k`-bpsS Bflm-hn¬ kPo-h-ambn \ne-\n-∂n-´p≠v.15
kzIm-cy-kz-Øn-\p≈ Ah-Im-isØ k` AwKo-I-cn-°p∂p-≠v.16 F∂m¬, Aan-X-ambn Nne-hp-sNøp∂Xpw [q¿Ø-Sn°p-∂Xpw A[m¿Ωn-I-amWv.17 ""a\p-jy≥ \nb-am-\p-kr-X-ambn
kz¥-am-°n-bn-´p≈ _mly-hk
- vXp-°sf Xt‚-Xp-am-{X-ambn IcpXm≥ ]mSn- √ . ]ns∂tbm X\n°pw a‰p- ≈ - h ¿°pw Ahbn¬\n∂v D]-Imcw e`n-°Ww F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ Ah¿°pIqSn D≈-h-bmbn Icp-X-Ww.''18 `qan-bpsS DS-a-ÿm-h-Imiw
ssZh-Øn-\mWv; a\p-jy≥ IpSn-In-S-∏p-Im-c≥ am{X-amWv F∂
]g-b-\n-b-a-]T-\-amWv (tehy¿ 25, 23) AXn-\-Sn-ÿm\w. AXpsIm-≠mWv ""kzIm-cy-kz-Ø-h-Imiw kºq¿Wtam hyh-ÿmXo-Xtam A√''19 F∂v t]mƒ Bdm-a≥ ]m∏m ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂Xv.
25) Zmcn-{Zyhpw A{I-a-hpw a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-sØ th´-bm-Sp∂n-S-sØ√mw klm-\p-`q-Xn-tbmsS X߃°p-≈-sX√mw ]¶ph-bv°p-hm≥ {InkvXym-\n°v IS-a-bp-≠v. ]m]-]-¶n-e-amb a\pjy-cm-in-°p-th≠n Cutim-aninlm kzbw _en-bmbn Xo¿∂Xp-t]mse ktlm-Z-c-ß-fpsS Bh-iy-ß-tfmSv klm-\p-`q-XntbmsS {]Xn-Ic
- n-°p-hm≥ {InkvXym-\n°v DØ-ch
- m-Zn-Øa
- p≠v.20
AXp-sIm-≠m-Wt√m hn. Awt{_mkv Cßs\ ]Tn-∏n-®-Xv,
""\n߃ ]mh-s∏-´h
- ¿°v Zm\w sImSp-°p-Ib
- √; Ah¿°v AhIm-is
- ∏-´Xv \n߃ XncnsI sImSp-°p-Ib
- m-Wv. F√m-hc
- p-sSbpw
s]mXp- D]-tbm-KØ
- n-\mbn \¬I-s∏-´Xv \n߃ ssIhiw h®ncn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. `qan F√m-h-cp-tS-Xp-amWv; kº-∂-cp-tS- s\ I≠n´pw ]¶p-hb
- v°mX√.''21 Bh-iy-Øn¬ sRcp-ßp-∂h
Ø-h≥ ]m]w sNøp-∂p F∂v tbml-∂m≥ «olm \sΩ
Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p- (1 tbml. 3, 17).22
26) emfn-XytØmsS kºØv ssIImcyw sNøp-hm≥
klm-bn-°p∂ ]pWy-ßsf°p-dn®v k`- ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p≠v.23 a\pjy-am-lm-fly-tØm-Sp≈ BZ-c-hns\ {]Xn, Cu temI-hkvXp23
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
°-tfm-Sp≈ {]Xn-]Øn \nb-{¥n-°p-∂-Xn-\m-h-iy-amb kwb-a\-amWv AXn-em-Zy-tØ-Xv. Ab¬°m-cs‚ Ah-Im-iß
- sf kwc£n-°m\pw Ah\v A¿l-X-s∏-´Xv \¬Im\pw \oXn F∂
]pWyhpw A`y-kn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. klm-\p-`q-Xn-bmWv \Ωnep-≠m-bn-cn-t°≠ aq∂m-asØ ]pWyw. kzbw kº-∂-\m-bncp-∂n´pw \sΩ kº-∂-cm-°m≥ th≠n Zcn-{Z-\mbnØo¿∂
Cutim-bpsS at\m-`mhw Xs∂-bm-W-Xv (2 sImdn. 8, 9). \ap°v
kzbw hybw sNøm-am-bn-cp-∂n´pw efn-XP
- o-hnXw \bn®v ktlmZ-cß
- fpsS timN-\o-bm-hÿ
I
- f
- n¬ klm-\p-`qXntbmsS s]cpam-dp-hm-\p≈ hnfn-bm-W-Xv.
2.3.-em-fn-Xyhpw ]cn-ÿnXn Bflo-b-Xbpw (Eco-Spirituality)
27) {InkvXob emfnXy-Øns‚ G‰w hnim-ea
- mb `mh-amWv
euZm-tØm kn (Atß-bv°v kvXpXn) bn¬ {^m≥kokv
]m∏m apt∂m-´p-hb
- v°p∂ ]cn-ÿnXn am\-km-¥c
- w. {]Ir-Xnsb
B¿ØntbmsS NqjWw sNøp∂ C∂sØ Ahÿ \Ωƒ
Ah-km-\n-∏n-°-Ww. AØ-c-samcp Xocp-am-\hpw am‰-hp-amWv
]cn-ÿnXn Bflo-b-X. AXns‚ ASn-ÿm\ {]am-Ww, {]]-©h- k v X p- ° sf apgph≥ ktlm- Z - c - ß - f mbn ImWp∂ hn.
{^m≥knkv A o-kn-bpsS ssNX-\y-am-Wv. ae-bpw, ]pg-bpw,
ac-hpw, arK-hp-sams° Fs‚ ktlm-Zc
- ß
- f
- m-bXn-\m¬ Ahsb
\in-∏n-°-cp-Xv, thZ-\n-∏n-°-cp-Xv. Fs‚ D]Po-h-\-Øn\v AXymh-iy-am-bn-´p-≈n-S-tØmfw am{Xta thZ-\n-∏n-°m-hq. a\p-jys\
krjvSn® ssZhw Xs∂-bmWv Cu {]-]©sØbpw AXnse
Ncm-N-c-ß-sfbpw krjvSn-®-sX∂ Xncn-®-dn-hmWv ]cn-ÿnXn
B≤ym-fln-I-X-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\w. AtXm-sSm-∏w, D∞n-X-\mb
{InkvXp `uXn-It- em-IsØ X∂n-te°v kzmwio-Ic
- n-®n-cn-°p-∂psh∂pw AXn-eqsS Hmtcm krjvSh
- k
- vXp-hnepw Ahn-Sp∂v k∂nln-X-\m-Ip-∂p-sh-∂p-ap≈ Xncn-®-dnhpw IqSn-bm-WnXv.24
28) Aev]-Øn¬ B\μw Is≠-ØpI F∂-Xm-Wv ]cnÿnXn Bflo-bX
- b
- psS as‰mcp {]am-Ww. an\naw sIm≠v Pohn°m\pw, Xr]vXn-b-S-bm\pw ioen-°p∂ coXnbmWn-Xv.25 C{]-Imc-ap≈ ]cn-ÿnXn BXvao-bX
- s
- b∂ Pohn-Xs
- si-en°p \nZm\w
24
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
Cu `qanbpw AXnse hn`-h-ßfpw ]cn-an-X-am-sW∂ Xncn-®-dnhm-Wv. a\p-jys‚ B¿Ønsb Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øm-\p≈ hn`-h߃ `qan-bn-en√; adn®v Ahs‚ Bh-iy-߃°p-≈h
- tb D≈q.
a\p- j y- c mb \Ωƒ Cu s]mXp- ` - h - \ - Ø ns‚ DS- a - ÿ - c √
Imh¬°mcpw kwc-£I
- c
- p-am-sW∂ DØ-ch
- m-Zn-Xz-t_m-[Ø
- n¬
\n∂p-amWv ]cn-ÿnXn Bflo-bX cq]w sIm≈p-∂Xv.26 \ap°p
tijw hcm-\n-cn-°p∂ Xe-ap-dI
- ƒs°-√m-ambn Cu `qan-sbbpw
AXnse Ncm-N-c-ß-sfbpw kwc-£n-°m-\p≈ DØ-c-hm-ZnXzw
a\p-jy-\p≠v.27 AXn-\m¬ kz¥w D]-Po-h-\-Øn\v Bh-iy-ap≈-Xpam{Xw Cu `qan-bn¬ \n∂pw FSp-°p∂ efnXPohn-XamWv
]cn-ÿnXn Bflo-b-X.
3. emfnXy PohnXw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂
B[p-\nI sh√phnfn-Iƒ
3.1. D]-t`m-K-kw-kvIm-chpw am\-h-]p-tcm-K-Xnbpw
29) a\p-jycpsS Adnhpw hnZym-`ym-khpw h¿≤n-°p-∂-X\p-kc
- n-®v, Xß-fpsS \nc-h[
- n-bmb Bh-iy-ßsf∏‰n-bp≈ Aht_m-[hpw Bg-s∏-´p-sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p. a\p-jys‚ \ne-\n-ev]n\v AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-amb imco-cn-Im-h-iy-߃ ]q¿Øo-I-cn°m≥ Xmc-X-tay\ Ffp-∏-am-sW-¶n-epw, Ahs‚ am\-kn-Ihpw
kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb Bh-iy-߃ \nc-¥cw h¿≤n-°p-∂-hbpw
Hcn-°epw ]q¿W-ambn Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ ]‰m-Ø-h-bp-am-Wv.
DZm-l-c-W-am-bn, ico-csØ NqSn¬\n∂pw XWp-∏n¬\n∂pw
kwc-£n-°p-∂-Xn\pw \mWw ad-bv°p-∂-Xn\pw Bh-iy-amb
hkv{Xw hmßm≥ henb sNe-hp-≠m-Ip-I-bn-s√-¶n-epw, HcmfpsS kmaq-ln-I-amb \nebpw hnebpw A\p-k-cn®v a\- ns\mØ hkv{Xw hmß-W-sa-¶n¬ at‰-Xn-t\-°mƒ F{Xtbm
IqSp-X¬ XpI sNe-hm-°Ww? Hcp IpSpw-_-Øn\p kpc-£tbmsS Xma-kn-°m≥ Bh-iy-amb hoSn-t\-°mƒ F{Xtbm
BUw-_-c-ap-≈-XmWv ]W-ap-≈-h≥ Xs‚ kmaq-ly-amb
\nebpw {]uVnbpw {]I-Sn-∏n-°m-\pw, a\- n\p IqSp-X¬ kpJw
sImSp-°m\pw th≠n D≠m-°p∂ ta¬Øcw h≥ _lp-\n-ea-μn-cß
- ƒ. Cu kml-Nc
- y-Øn¬ emfn-Xy-tØ-°mƒ Abm-fpsS
25
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
a\- n¬ ap≥K-W\ Xs‚ am\-kn-Ihpw kmaq-ly-hp-amb Bhiy-Øn\p klm-b-I-amb BUw-_-c-Øn\p Xs∂-bm-Im-\mWv
km[y-X. Aßs\ kmº-Øn-I-ambpw kmaq-ly-ambpw hnI-kn°p-Ibpw Ign-hp-‰-Xm-Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂-Xn-\-\p-k-cn®v kaq-lØn¬ BUw-_-c-Xzc h¿≤n-°p-∂p.
30) C∂v hnI-kz-c-cm-Py-ß-fnse P\-߃ hnI-kn-X-cm-Pyß-fn-ep-≈h
- s
- c-t∏mse In´m-hp-∂{X D]-t`m-Kh
- k
- vXp-°ƒ A\p`hn-°m≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. Hcp kaq-l-Ønse Xs∂ Xmgv∂Xe-Øn-ep-≈h
- ¿ D]-cn-Xe-Øn-ep-≈h
- s
- c-t∏mse PohnXw BkzZn-°m≥ B{K-ln-°p-∂p. Xß-fm-{K-ln-°p∂ hn[-Øn¬ AXp
km[n-°m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v hf-sc-t∏¿ Akw-Xr-]vX-cmtbm \ncmi-cmtbm Ign-bp-∂p. am{X-a-√, D]-cn-X-e-Øn-ep-≈-h¿ IqSp-X¬
B¿`m-SØ
- n¬ Ign-bp-tºmƒ Xmgv∂X
- e
- Ø
- n-ep-≈h
- ¿°p B\p]m-Xn-I-amb hcp-am-\-an-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v Ccp-Iq-´cpw XΩn-ep≈
hnShv A\p-Zn\w h¿≤n-®p-h-cp-∂p. CXp Zcn-{Z-cpsS Akw-Xr]vXn-bp-sSbpw \ncm-i-bp-sSbpw B°w Iq´p-∂p.
31) a\p-jycpsS h¿≤n-®p-h-cp∂ Bhiy-߃ ]q¿Øo-Icn-°p-∂-Xn-\-\p-k-cn®v am\h]ptcm-KXn Af-°p∂ Cu kmlN- c y- Ø n¬ emfn- X y- Ø n\v \ΩpsS kaq- l - Ø n¬ F¥p
{]k‡nbmWp-f-fXv v? a\p-jys‚ am\-kn-Ihpw kmaq-ly-hpamb Bh-iy-߃ Hcp ImeØpw ]q¿W-ambn ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°s∏-Sp-I-bn-√ F∂v kmaq-ln-I-]-T-\-߃ sXfn-bn-°p∂p. Ah
Hc¿∞-Øn¬ A\-¥-am-Wv. A[n-Im-cw, ÿm\w, BUw-_-ckpJw apX-em-bh a\p-jy≥ \nc-¥cw IqSp-X¬ IqSp-X-embn
At\z-jn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ am\-kn-I˛- k
- m-aq-lym-hi
- y-ßf
- m-Wv.
AXp-sIm≠v, BUw-_-c-Xzc Pohn-X-Øn-sem-cn-°epw ]q¿Wambn Xr]vXn-s∏-SpØn Ah-km-\n-∏n-°m-\m-hn-√. AXn\v kzbw
Hcp AXncv \n›-bn®v, C{Xbpw aXn-sb∂p Xocp-am-\n-°p-∂nSØp\n∂p am{Xta emfnXyw apf- s bSp°phm≥ XpS- ß pIbp≈p. thsd hm°p-If
- n¬ ]d-™m¬, Bh-iy-ßsf ]q¿Wambn Xr]vXn-s∏-SpØnbn´-√, adn®v Ahbv°v AXo-X-ambn
Db¿∂p-sIm≠p am{Xta emfn-Xy-Øn\p XpS-°-an-Sm-\m-hq.
26
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
32) tPm¨ t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ ]m∏m 1979 se Xs‚ BZy
Ata-cn-°≥ kμ¿i-\t- hf-bnepw {^m≥knkv ]m∏m IqsS-°qsSbpw D]-t`m-Kk
- w-kvIm-cØ
- n\v Hcp {]Xn-kw-kvImcw krjvSn°p∂ ap∂-Wn-t∏m-cm-fn-I-fm-Ip-hm≥ ss{IkvX-h¿ emfn-Xy-ap≈-h-cm-IWw F∂v DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂p≠v: ""]cp-°≥ hna¿i\-ßs
- fbpw Xf¿Øp∂ kwi-bß
- s
- fbpw ]W-Øns‚ kzm[o\w am\-h-]p-tcm-K-Xn-bpsS am\-Z-WvU-am-°p-∂-Xn-s\bpw t\cnSp-∂-Xn-\p≈ adp-a-cp-∂mWv kphn-tijw Blzm\w sNøp∂
B\-μI
- c
- a
- mb efn-XP
- o-hn-Xw.''28 F∂m¬, BZytaXs∂ kqNn∏n-®-Xp-t]m-se, h¿≤n-®p-h-cp∂ BUw-_-c{`aw CXn\p XS- ambn \nev°p-∂p. \ΩpsS k`m-a-°-fpsS Pohn-X-Øns‚ H´pan° taJ-e-I-fnepw CXp Z¿in-°mw.
3.2.A\p-Zn-\-Po-hn-X-Ønse BUw-_-c{`aw
33) samss_¬ t^mWpw C‚¿s\‰pw \qdpI-W-°n\v Sn.
hn. Nm\-ep-If
- pw IqSp-X¬ kmt¶-Xn-Ia
- n-It- hmsS PohnXw \bn°p-hm≥ \sΩ {]m]vX-cm-°n-bn-´p-≠v F∂Xv icn Xs∂.
F∂m¬, Ch t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂ [q¿Øns‚ hgn-Iƒ \ΩpsS
Pohn-X-ßsf hy‡n-tI-{μo-Ir-Xamb (Individualism) kpJ-kuI-cy-ß-fn-te°pw F√mw kzcp-°q-´p-hm-\p≈ {]tem-`-\-ß-fnte°pw \bn-®n-´p≠v. \ΩpsS A\p-Zn-\-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ kuI-cyß-sf-°mƒ BI¿j-WØ
- n\pw BVw-_c
- Ø
- n-\pw Bh-iy-ßtf-°mƒ B¿`m-S-Øn\pw ap≥Xq°w sImSp-°p-∂-h-cmbn \mw
amdn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
34) sI´nS \n¿ΩmWßfpsS ]pd-Inse \ΩpsS am’cyw
H∂n-s\m∂v anIhv h¿≤n-∏n-°m\p≈ B{Klw am{X-a-√ {]ISn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. \ΩpsS hoSpIƒ Hcp IpSpw-_-Øn\v Pohn-°p∂-Xn-\m-h-iy-amb kuI-cytØ-°mƒ {]uVnbpw BI¿j-IXzhpw ]W-sIm-gp∏pamWv {]Z¿in-∏n-°p∂Xv. AXn-\mbn
tem¨ FSpØv, hc-hn¬ Ihn™ Nnehv sNbvXv henb ISs°-Wn-bn-te°v \oßp∂ Ahÿ F{Xtbm t]¿°p≠v.
\ΩpsS tZhm-eb\n¿Ωm-W-Ønepw Cu kao-]-\-߃ IS-∂pIq-Sn-bn-cn-°p∂p.
27
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
35) k`-bpsS ÿm]-\-ßfn¬ ]eXpw t]cpw s]cp-abpw
\ne\ndp-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ D]m-[n-I-fmbn -amdn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. -Ah
XΩn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw A\m-tcmKyIc-amb a’cw \S-°p-∂-p.
KpW-ta-∑bpsS t]cn¬ {InkvXobaqey-߃ ]I¿∂p sImSp°p-∂X
- n¬ \ΩpsS ÿm]-\ß
- ƒ hngvN hcp-Øp-∂p-t≠m F∂v
hne-bn-cp-Øs
- ∏-tS-≠X
- p-≠v. \ΩpsS ]e ÿm]-\ß
- fpw k\ymk-`-h-\-ßfpw ]mh-s∏-´-h-\n¬ \n∂v thdn-´mWv \n¬°p-∂-Xv
F∂ kXyw \mw a\- n-em-°W
- w. kºØpw i‡nbpw ÿm\am-\-ßfpw kΩm-\n® hy{K-X-Iƒ hnfn-®-h-\n-te°pw Ab-°s∏-´-h-cn-te°pw Xncn-tb≠ \ΩpsS Pohn-X-ßsf hyXn-N-en-∏n°p-∂pt≠m? {]i-kvXnbpsS ]S-hp-Iƒ Ib-dm≥ _e-lo-\scbpw ]mh-s∏-´h
- scbpw \mw Ah-KW
- n-°p∂pt≠m? CutimbpsS ip{iq-j-bpsS {][m\ kzoI¿Øm-°fm-bn-cp∂ ]mh-s∏´-h¿ \ΩpsS ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS ip{iq-j-bpsSbpw e£y-ambn
XpS-tc≠-Xt√? \ΩpsS ip{iqj ]mh-s∏-´-h-cn-te°pw kaql-Øns‚ {]m¥-{]-tZ-i-ß-fn-ep≈ F√m-h-cn-te°pw FØn\n¬°-W-sa∂ {^m≥knkv ]m∏m-bpsS Blzm\w \ΩpsS
Nn¥°v hnj-b-am-°Ww.
36) sXmgn-en-t\m-Sp≈ \ΩpsS at\m-`m-hhpw Bfl-]c
- n-tim[-\°v hnt[-ba
- m-tI-≠X
- m-Wv. B¿`m-SØ
- n\pw [\-kº
- m-Z\
- Ø
- n\p-ap≈ Hcp am¿§-sa-∂-Xn-\-∏pdw ssZhw a\p-jy\p kΩm-\n®n-cn-°p∂ krjvSn-]-c-X-bpsS km£m-XvIm-c-ambn sXmgn-ens\
ImWp-∂-h¿ hfsc hnc-f-ambns°m≠n-cn-°p∂p. sXmgn-ent\mSpw sXmgn¬ÿm]-\-tØm-Sp-ap≈ {]Xn-_-≤X sXmgn-emfn°pw, sXmgn¬ ÿm]-\Ønse sXmgn-em-fn-Isf IpSpw-_mwKß-fmbn ImWp∂ kao-]\w sXmgn¬ ZmXm-hn\pw \jvS-am-bncn-°p∂p. Ipd®v tPmen-Iƒ sNbvXv IqSp-X¬ hcp-am-\-ap-≠m°p-hm≥ sXmgn-emfn ]cn-{i-an-°p-tºmƒ, Ipd®v sXmgn-em-fnIsfs°m≠v IqSp-X¬ ]Wn-sb-Sp-∏n®v Fßs\ hcp-am\w
h¿≤n-∏n°mw F∂XmWv sXmgn¬ ZmXm-hns‚ apJyNn¥. Aek-Xbpw B¿`m-Shpw sXmgn¬ taJ-esb \ne-hm-c-an-√m-ØXpw
kaq-lØ
- ns‚ sI´p-d∏
- n-s\- X-I¿°p∂Xpw B°n Xo¿°p∂p.
28
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
37) Db¿∂ hnZym-`ymk \ne-hm-chpw tPmen-Ifpw \ΩpsS
Ipsd-tbsd IpSpw-_ß
- sf D∂X Pohn-X\
- n-eh
- m-cØ
- n-te°v \bn®n-´p≠v. F∂m¬, AXv XØp-ey-amb {InkvXo-b- ]¶p-h-bv°en-te°v \bn-®n-´pt≠msb∂v \Ωƒ Nn¥n-t°≠ kabw AXn{I-an-®n-cn-°p∂p. IqSp-X¬ kzcp-°q-´m≥ th≠n IqSp-X¬ tPmen
sNøp-Ibpw IpSpw-_-Øn\pw hy‡n-_-‘-߃ ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n°p-∂-Xn\pw a‰p-≈-hsc klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn\pw kabw Is≠ØmXncn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂-hsc \ap°-dnbmw. Bscbpw B{ibn-°msX Pohn-°phm≥ th≠n kmº-ØnI kpc-£n-XXzw
t\Sn- s b- S p- ° m- \ p≈ hy{K- X bn¬, ]¶p hbv t °≠Xns‚
BhiyIX Xs∂ ]ecpw ad-∂p-t]mIp-∂p. CXn-s\√mw aqeIm-c-Ww IqSp-X¬ kzcp-°q-´p-∂-Xn-\p≈ {]h-W-X-bm-b-XpsIm≠v efn-X-Po-hn-X-amWv Cu Ah-ÿ-bv°p≈ ]cn-lm-cam¿§w F∂v \mw Xncn-®-dn-bWw. efn-X-Po-hnXw \bn-°p-∂h¿°v IpSpw-_-Øns‚bpw k`bpsSbpw kaq-l-Øns‚bpw
D∂-a-\-Øn-\mbn kabw I-s≠Øphm≥ Ignbpw. Xmc-X-tay\
Db¿∂ PohnX \ne-hmcw ]pe¿Øp∂ tIc-f-Ønse kotdm
ae-_m¿ k`mk-aq-l-ß-ƒ {]hmkn k`m-k-aq-l-ß-fp-sSbpw
ssii-hm-h-ÿ-bn-ep≈ k`m-k-aq-l-ß-fp-sSbpw ]ptcm-K-Xne£yw hbv°Ww.
3.3. BtLm-j-ß-fnepw A\p-jvTm-\-ß-fnepw B¿`mSw
-38) \-ΩpsS kaql-Po-hnXsØ Iq´n-bn-W-°p∂ {][m\
LSIßfmWv P\\w apX¬ acWw hsc \mw IS-∂p-t]m-Ip∂
At\Iw BNm-c-ßfpw BtLm-j-ß-fpw. F∂m¬, C∂v kaql-Øns‚ F√m taJ-e-I-fnepw kzm[o\w sNep-Øp∂ Itºmf-he
- vIc
- Ww \ΩpsS BtLm-jß
- f
- nepw BNmc-ßf
- nepw {]Xn^-en-°p-∂p. Itºm-fh
- e
- vIc
- Ww aqeyt{iWn-bnse {][m\ LSI- a mbn Ah- X - c n- ∏ n- ° p∂ kmº- Ø n- I - k - a r- ≤ n- X s∂ k`bpsSbpw {InkvXo-bI
- p-Spw-_Ø
- n-s‚bpw BXy-¥n-Ie
- £
- y-ambn
{]mtbm-Kn-I-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ IS-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xmbn Is≠-Øp-hm≥
km[n-°pw.
39) A\p-jvTm-\-ßsf Ah-bpsS kz`m-h-Øm¬Xs∂ ^ekn-≤n-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-SpØmdp-≠v. F∂m¬, C∂sØ Itºm29
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
f-kw-kvIm-cØ
- n¬ ]c-ºc
- m-KX A\p-jvTm-\ß
- sf apX¬apS-°pI-fmbn ImWp∂ kml-Ncyw kwPm-Xa
- m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Ch A\pjvTn-®m¬ F¥p In´pw? F¥v sa®w? XpS-ßnb tNmZy-ß-ƒ
I®-hS-- kw-kvImcw k`m-Po-hn-X-Øn-te°v IS-∂p-h-cp-∂-Xns‚
AS-bm-f-ßfmbn ImW-Ww. Adnt™m Adn-bm-sXtbm AP]m-e\ ip{iq-j-Iƒ Cu kwkvImcw kzmwio-I-cn-®p-h-cp-∂p.
]pXp-abpw sshhn-[y-ßfpw sIm≠-e¶
- c
- n® A\p-jvTm-\ß
- f
- psS
A\-¥-km-[y-X-Iƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂Xn¬ am{Xw \ΩpsS AP]m-e\
- Hu’pIyw HXp-ßp-∂pt≠m? s]cp-Ip∂ Xo¿∞-mS\tI{μ-ßfpw h¿≤n-®p-h-cp∂ s]cp-∂m-fmtLm-j-ßfpw, hmKvZm-\߃ am¬kcy_p-≤n-tbmsS DuXn-ho¿∏n-°p∂ s\mth-\I
- fpw
am¿°-‰nse hn]-W\ X{¥-߃ IS-sa-Sp-°p-∂-Xmbn tXm∂p∂p. Ah \ΩpsS hnizm-k-Po-hn-XsØ ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°p-hm≥
klm-bI
- a
- mtWm F∂v k`m-a°
- ƒ Xncn-®d- n-tb-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
40) {InkvXo-b-Iq-Zm-i-Ifmb amtΩm-Zo-kmbpw BtLm-jamb hn. Ip¿_m-\-kzo-I-c-Whpw hnhm-lhpw Xncp-∏-´hpw
XpSßn k\ym-k{- h-Xh
- m-KvZm-\ß
- fpw ac-Wh
- m¿jn-Iß
- fpw hsc
kmº-ØnI kar-≤n-bp-sSbpw {]uVn-bp-sSbpw {]I-S\
- ß
- f
- mbn
amdn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bt√? BtLm-j-߃ [q¿Øn-te°pw
[q¿Øv I]S {]i-kvXn- At\z-jWØnte°pw IS-∂n-cn-°p∂p. XmXvIm-enI Imcy-em-`-Øn-\p-th≠n, D]-t`m-K-a-\-t msS
Hcp-an-®p-Iq-Sp∂ `‡-cpsS -_m-lpeyw ImWp-sa-¶nepw Ime-{Ia-Øn¬ hnizm-kc
- m-ln-Xy-Øn-te-°mbncn°pw CØcw at\m-`mh-߃ k`sb sIm≠p-sN-s∂-Øn-°p-I. AXn-\m¬ AP-]m-e\-ip-{iq-jsb Imcy-Ku-c-h-tØmsS hne-bn-cp-Øp-Ibpw hnIeamb at\m-`m-hß
- fnepw A‘-hn-izm-kß
- f
- nepw\n∂v \ΩpsS
hnizm- k m\p- j v T m- \ - ß sf hntamNn- ∏ n°p- I bpw thWw.
kaqlw kpJ-tem-ep-]-X-bn-te°pw [q¿Øn-te°pw t]mIptºmƒ AXn\v {]Xn-kw-kvImcw krjvSn-°p-I-bmWv k`-bpsS
ZuXyw.
41) \ΩpsS [ym\-tI-{μ-ß-fpw k\ym-k-`-h-\-ß-fpw CS-hI-tZ-hm-e-b-ß-fpw {]tLmj-I-\n-te°pXs∂ {i≤ tI{μo-Icn-°p∂ B¿`m-S-Øns‚bpw cmP-Io-b-X-bp-sSbpw A¥-co-£30
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
ß-fmbn hf¿∂p-hc
- p-∂p. k`mlb-cm¿°nbpw k\ym-kk
- a
- ¿∏nXcpw {InkvXp-hns\ kpXm-cy-ambn Ah-Xc
- n-∏n-°p-∂X
- n-\p-XI
- p∂
emfn-Xy-ap-≈-h-cm-tI≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. {hX-hm-KvZm-\w, Xncp-∏´w
XpSßn k`-bpsS s]mXp BtLm-j-th-Zn-Ifpw [mcm-fn-ØØns‚ {]I-S-\-th-Zn-I-fmbn amdp∂p F∂-Xv \sΩ Nn¥n-∏nt°-≠-Xt√? k÷o-I-c-W-ßfpw Ae-¶m-c-ßfpw a‰p-≈-h-cptS-Xnt\°mƒ BI¿j-I-ßfpw IÆ-©n-∏n°p-∂-Xp-am-IWw
F∂ Zpc-`n-am\w \sΩ ]e-scbpw _m[n-®n-´p-≠v. \ΩpsS Xncp∂mƒ \S-Øn-∏p-Iƒ ssZh-P\
- Ø
- ns‚ hnizm-kh
- f
- ¿®°v F¥pam{Xw klm-bn-°p∂p? Bflob DW¿hpw, Iq´m-bvabpw kmapZm-bnI sI´p-d∏pw hf¿tØ≠ Xncp-∂m-fp-Iƒ hmWn-Py-h-XvIcn°s∏-Sp-∂pt≠m F∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°Ww.
42) IpSpw-_-ß-fp-sSbpw Ah-cpsS _‘p-°-fp-sSbpw
kºØpw Ipe- a - l n- a bpw hnfw- _ cw sNøm- \ p≈ thZnIfmsW∂p tXm∂pw-hn-[-amWv Nne -hn-hm-lm-tLm-j-ß-ƒ.
£W-°Ø
- ns‚ Xnf-°hpw ]s¶-Sp-°p-∂h
- c
- psS _mlp-eyhpw
hnhm-lmtLmjØns‚ am\-Z-WvU-ß-fmbn ]ecpw I≠p-Xp-Sßn-bn-cn-°p∂p. ioXo-Ic
- n® HmUn-t‰m-dn-bß
- fpw kz¿Wm-`c
- W
- ß-fpsSbp-w DS-bm-SI
- f
- p-sSbpw {]uVnbpw Ch‚ v amt\-Pva‚pIfpsS ss\]p-Wy-hpw ]e hnhm-lm-tLm-j-ßsfbpw B¿`m-SØn-s‚bpw [q¿Øn-s‚bpw Ac-ßp-I-fm-°n-am-‰nbncn-°p∂p.
kmº-Øn-I-kp-ÿn-Xn-bn-√m-Ø- ]ecpw CØcw B¿`m-S-ßsf
A\p-I-cn®v IS-Øns‚ Bg--°-bßfn-te°v Iq∏p-Ip-Øp-∂Xv
ZpxJ-ap-f-hm-°p-∂p.
43) tZhm-ebw Ae-¶-cn-°p-hm≥ ]Xn-\m-bn-c-ßfpw e£ßfpw Nne-hnSptºmƒ AXv tZhm-e-b-ssN-X-\y-Øn\v NmcpX
]I-cp-∂n√ F∂-XmWv hkvXp-X. hnhm-lm-io¿hm-ZI
- ¿Ω-Øn\v
H∂n¬Iq-Sp-X¬ sa{Xm-∑m-cp-≠m-hWw F∂v imTyw ]nSn-°p∂-h-cp-≠v. Xß-f-dn-bp∂ F√m sshZn-I-scbpw Bio¿hm-ZØn\v hnfn-°p-I hgn Ah-cpsS AP-]m-e-\-ip-{iq-j-bv°p≈
hne-tb-dnb ka-ba
- mWv hrYm \jvSs
- ∏-Sp-Øp- ∂-Xv. ]e ]m›mXy-cm-Py-ß-fnepw hnhm-l-Øn\v Hcp-°nb sshZn-I≥Xs∂ hnhmlw
Bio¿h-Zn-°p∂ ]Xn-hp-≠v. AXv hfsc A¿∞-hØmWv.
31
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
44) Hmtcm A\m-h-iy-hpw Bh-iy-am°n \mw am‰p-tºmƒ
Pohn-XØ
- ns‚ ]pdw-t]m-°n¬ At\-I¿ \n¬°p-∂p F∂v \mw
Hm¿t°-≠-Xp≠v. hnhmlw C\nbpw kz]v\-ambn am{Xw Ahti-jn-°p∂ At\Iw bph-Xn-Iƒ \ΩpsSbnS-bn-ep≈t∏mƒ,
tIc-f-Øns‚ hnhmlm-h-iy-߃°mbn 800 S¨ kz¿Ww
Hmtcm h¿jhpw ae-bm-fn-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°-p-∂p≠v F∂v IW°p-Iƒ hy‡-am-°p-∂p. ]Øp ]h≥ kz¿Ww sIm≠v at\ml-c-ambn hnhmlw \S-Øn-°qsS F∂v 2015-˛¬ tIc-f-Ønse
h\nXm IΩo-j≥ tNmZn-®Xv \sΩ Nn¥n-∏n-t°≠-Xt√? £WnXm-°-fpsS FÆ-Øn¬ anXXzw ]men-°p-hm≥ km[n-°Ww.
Bbn- c Øn\pw Bbn- c - Ø n- b - ™ qdn\pw ]Icw Ccp- ∂ qdp
t]cpsS Hcp kvt\l-hn-cp∂v IqSp-X¬ lrZyat√?
45) [q¿Øn-s‚bpw ]mgvNn-e-hn-s‚bpw Zpxÿn-Xn-bn¬
\n∂pw emfn-Xy-Øns‚ Xe-ß-fn-te°v A\p-jvTm-\-ß-sfbpw
BtLm-j-ß-sfbpw am‰n-sb-Sp-°pI t¢i-I-c-ambn tXm∂mw.
kºØv hybw sNøp-∂X
- v hy‡n-bpsSbpw kaq-lØ
- n-s‚bpw
kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ {]iv\-ambn ImWp-∂-h-cp≠v. CXv ÿew,
Imew, kml-Ncyw, Ahÿ F∂n-h-bp-ambn _‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p. AXp-sIm≠v, Hcp am¿§-tcJ Xøm-dp-°pI ZpjvI-c-amWv.
F∂m¬, hy‡n-]-c-amb CS-s]-S-ep-I-fn-eqsS am‰-ß-ƒ krjvSn°p-hm≥ {ian-°pI F∂-XmWv ]c-a-{]-[m-\w. Hmtcm BtLmj-Øn\p tijhpw \S-∂ Imcy-ßf
- psS hkvXp-\n-jvTa
- mb Ahtem-I\w \SØn, A\m-h-iy߃°pw B¿`m-S-߃°p-sa-Xnsc-bp≈ Bi-bk
- a
- \
- zbw k`-bpsS F√m- X-eß-fnepw krjvSns®-Sp-°p-hm≥ km[n-°-Ww. BtLm-j-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Xocp-am\-ß-sf-Sp-°p-tºmƒ kaq-l-Ønse Xmsg-°n-S-bn-ep-≈-hsc
Fßs\ _m[n-°p∂p F∂v ]e-h´w Nn¥n-t°-≠-Xp-≠v.
kºØv IqSp-X¬ Df-f-h¿ C√m-Ø-hcp-ambn ]¶p-h-bv°p-∂XmWv Xß-fpsS BtLm-j-Øns‚ am‰p-Iq-´p-∂Xv F∂v Xncn®-dnbWw. F¶n¬ am{X-amWv emfn-Xy-Øns‚ Xe-ß-fn-te°v
BtLm-j-ßsf Db¿Øp-hm≥ \ap°v km[n-°q.
32
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
4. kotdm ae-_m¿ k`bpw emfnXy B≤ym-fln-I-Xbpw:
Nne {]mtbm-KnI hnNn-¥-\-߃
46) {InkvXob emfnXy-Øns‚ Bflob `mh-amb CutimbpsS efnX Pohn-Xhpw {]t_m-[-\-ßfpw k`m-{]-t_m-[-\ßfn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°-s∏-Sp∂ efnXPohn-XZ¿i-\hpw emfnXy
Pohn-Xw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ B[p-\nI sh√p-hn-fn-Ifpw hniI-e\w sNbvX \mw AXns‚ _mlyhpw {]I-S-hp-amb cq]-ßsf-°p-dn-®mWv C\n Nn¥n-°p-I. {InkvXp-hns‚ emfnXyw
Fßs\ kotdm-˛-a-e-_m¿ k`-bn¬ \ap°v ]cn-io-en-°m\pw
A`y-kn-°m\pw km[n°pw? {^m≥knkv am¿∏m∏m Xs‚ PohnXØn- e q- s Sbpw ktμ- i - Ø n- e q- s Sbpw {InkvXp- h ns‚
emfnXyØn\p km£yw hln-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂p. Aß-s\-sb¶n¬ \ΩpsS k`-bn¬ apI-fn¬ \n∂v Xmtgm´p≈ AP-]m-e\
ssienbnse am‰-ßsf°p-dn®v \mw {]mtbm-KnI hnNn-¥\w
\S-tØ-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p.
4.1. k`bnse AP-]m-e-\ t\XrXzw
47) kphn-ti-j-Ønse Cutim-sb C∂sØ k`m-ip-{iqj-bn¬ ASpØv A\p-[m-h\w sNøp-hm≥ ]cn-{i-an-°p∂
[mcmfw AP-]m-eI
- ¿ \ap°v C∂p≠v. F¶nepw \ΩpsS sa{Xmt∏m-eo-Øm-amcpw sa{Xm-≥-amcpw sshZn-Icpw siΩm-»-∑mcpw
{InkvXp-hns‚ injyXzw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ emfn-Xy-Øns‚ hnhn[- am-\ß
- sf Xß-fpsS Pohn-Xs
- sienbmbn kzmwio-Ic
- n-t°≠nbn-cn-°p∂p. Nne {]mtbm-KnI ssien-Iƒ k`-bpsS AP-]me\ t\Xr-Xz-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ ]cn-Nn-¥-\-a¿ln-°p∂p.
48) (1) kwe-`yX (availability): emfnXyØns‚ hen-sbmcp
am\-amWv kIe¿°pw kwe-`y-cmIp-I-sb-∂-Xv. sshZnI tae[y-£-∑m¿ ssZh-P-\-Øn\v, {]tXy-In®v kaq-l-Ønse ]mhs∏-´h
- ¿°v, kao-]n-°m-hp-∂h-cm-IW
- w. sshZn-IcpsS Pohn-Xhpw
ip{iqjbpw kaq-l-Ønse G‰hpw Xmsg-Ø-´n-ep-≈-hcpsS
Bh- i y- ß tfmSv {]tXyIw {]Xn- I - c n- ° p- ∂ - h - b m- I - W w.
Cutimsb-t∏mse Np¶-°m-cp-sSbpw ]m]n-If
- p-sSbpw kvt\lnX≥ F∂v hnfn-°-s∏-Sphm≥ X°-co-Xn-bn¬ sshZn-I¿ XßfpsS AP-]m-e\
- i
- p-{iq-jb
- n¬ ]mh-s∏-´h
- ¿°v kwe-`y-cmIWw.
33
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
49) (2) hy‡n-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ emfnXyw: AP-]m-e-\-ip-{iqj-bnep≈-h¿ emfnXy-sØ-°p-dn®v {]kw-Kn-°p-∂-h¿ am{X-amImsX emfn- X y- Ø ns‚ kzm`m- h n- I - Bhn- j v I mcßfp
ambncn°Ww. At∏mƒ am{X-amWv k`m-ip-{iq-j-I¿°v AhcpsS ip{iq-j-bn¬ B[nIm-cnIX ssIh-cp-∂-Xv. hkv{Xw,
`£Ww, bm{X, Pohn-tXm-]-I-c-W-߃ F∂n-h-bn¬ BVw_cw shSn™v emfnXyw kzoI-cn-°-Ww. AP-]m-e-\-t\-Xr-XzØn-ep-≈-h¿ Hcp-an®p IqSp-∂-bn-S-ß-fnse hml\ßfpw Du´pap-dn-Ifpw \nco-£n-®m¬ kphn-ti-j-emfnXy-Øn¬ \n∂p≈
\ΩpsS AIew hy‡-am-hpIbnt√? CS-s°¶nepw s]mXp
bm{Xm kwhn-[m-\-߃ D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bm¬ AXv
amXr-Im-]c
- a
- m-bn-cn-°pw. km[m-cW
- °
- m-tcm-sSm-∏a
- m-bn-cn-°pIbpw
Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-hn-Im-c-ß-f-dn™v AP-]m-e-\-ip-{iqjbn
te¿s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂ {^m≥knkv am¿∏m-∏m-sb-t∏m-se,
km[m-cW P\-ßt- fm-sSm-∏a
- m-bn-cn-°p-∂X
- n¬ kt¥mjw Is≠Øp-∂-h-cm-IWw k`m-ip-{iq-j-I¿.
50) (3) AP-]m-e\ kao-]-\-߃: AP-KW
- ß
- tfmSp≈ CSs]-S¬ [m¿jvSy-tØm-sS-bm-Ic
- p-Xv, Imcp-Wy-tØm-sS-bm-bn-cn-°Ww. kmaq-ly-t{i-Wn-bn¬ Bcp-am-bmWv \mw XmZmflyw {]m]n°p-∂Xv F∂v hne-bn-cp-Ø-Ww. k` ]mh-s∏-´-h-fm-Wv, ]mhs∏-´-h-cp-tS-XmWv F∂ k`m-Z¿i\w Pohn-°p-∂-h-cm-Ip-∂-XneqsSbmWv \mw {InkvXp-hns‚ emfn-Xy-Øn\v km£yw hln°p∂Xv.
51) (4) ]¶p-h-bv°¬: ]mh-s∏-´-h-cp-ambn kºØv ]¶p-hbv°p-∂X
- n-\p≈ Ah-kc
- ß
- ƒ \jvSs
- ∏-Sp-Øm-Xn--cn-°p-I. ssZhP-\sØ CØ-c-Øn¬ Ah-t_m-[-a-p-≈-h-cm-°p-Ibpw tZhm-eb-\n¿amWw, Xncp-∂mƒ XpS-ßnb Ah-k-c-ß-fn¬ ]mh-s∏-´hs‚ s\Sp-ho¿∏p-Iƒ°v ImtXm¿°p-hm≥ t{]cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNøpI.
52) (5) \oXn-bpsS ]£w tNcp-I: \oXn-°p-th-≠n-bp≈
ka-cß
- f
- n¬ kPo-ha
- mbn ]¶p-sIm-≈p-∂h
- c
- m-IWw k`mip{iqj-°mbn {]tXyIw \ntbm-Kn-°s
- ∏-´h
- ¿. \ΩpsS kap-Zm-bØ
- n\v
34
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
\oXn \ntj-[n-°p-tºmƒ am{XamImsX, Fhn-sS-sbms° \oXn
\ntj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-∂pthm, AhnsSsbms° k`-bpsS {]Xn-\n-[nI-fmbn ss{IkvX-h-aq-ey-߃ Db¿Øn-∏n-Sn®v CS-s]-Sp-hm≥
k`m-ip-{iq-j-I¿°v DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-ap-≠v.
4.2.k`bnse k\y-kvX¿
53) {InkvXp-hns‚ Zmcn-{Zy-t{]-asØ auen-I-ambn Pohn-°phm-\mWv Hmtcm k\ym-k-k-aq-lhpw hnfn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
ssZhw Hml-cn-bm-bp-s≠-¶n¬ H∂n-s‚bpw Ipd-hn-s√∂v lrZb-Øn¬ t_m[y-ap-≈-hcpw PohnXw sIm≠v km£yw \¬Ip∂-h-cp-am-IWw k\y-kvX¿. CXn\v Nne {]mtbm-KnI kao-]-\߃ kzoI-cn-t°-≠Xv Ime-L-´-Øns‚ Bh-iy-amWv.
54) (1) efn-X-Po-hn-X-ssi-en-bn-te-°p≈ Xncn-®p-t]m°v:
k\ym-k-t{i-jvTcpw k\y-kvXsc√m-hcpw {InkvXp-hns‚ efnX-Po-hn-Xs
- sien kzmwio-Ic
- n-t°≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ""\ΩpsS hnizmkhpw Zmcn-{Zyhpw XΩn¬ At`-Zy-amb _‘-ap-≠v.''29 ka¿∏nX
t{]jn-XXzw kzoI-cn-®-h¿°v CXv k¿thm-]cn hy‡-am-bn-cn°-W-sa∂v am¿∏m∏m Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂p.30
55) (2) Zcn-{Z-tcmSv XmZm-fly-s∏-´p≈ kphn-ti-jh
- ¬°-cW
ZuXyw: Cutim-sb-t∏m-se, kaq-lØ
- nse G‰hpw Zcn-{Z-tcmSpw
Ffn-b-h-tcmSpw tcmKn-I-tfmSpw Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏-´-h-tcmSpw
hnkva-cn-°-s∏-´-h-tcmSpw {]Xn-^ew \¬Im≥ Ign-hn-√m-Ø-htcmSpw (eq°m 4, 13-˛14) {]tXyI ]cn-KW
- \ ImWn-®p-sIm-≠p≈
kphn-tijh¬°-c-W-Øn-\mWv k\ykvX˛ka¿∏n-X¿ {]tXyI-ambn hnfn-°s
- ∏-´n-cn-°p-∂X
- v.30 A[n-Im-cØ
- n-\p≈ F√m AhIm-i-ßfpw Dt]-£n-®p-sIm≠pw Zncn-{Z-tcm-sSm∏w A\p-Zn-\-Pohn-XØ
- ns‚ A\n-›n-XX
- z-ßf
- n¬ Pohn-®p-sIm≠pw ssZh-kvt\l-Øns‚ kPo-h-amb AS-bm-f-ß-fmbn amdWw k\y-kvX¿.
Aßs\ Zcn-{Z-cpsS ktlm-Z-co-k-tlm-Z-c-∑m-cm-bn-Øo-cp∂Xp hgn kphn-tijkt¥m-jØ
- ns‚ km£nI-fm-Ip-hm≥ Ah¿°v
km[n°pw.
56) (3) ÿm]-\_
- ≤
- c
- m-Im-Xn-cn-°pI: ÿm]-\ß
- f
- psS kpc£n-X-Xm-h-f-ß-fn¬ HXp-ßn-°q-SmXncn-°p-I. \ΩpsS ]c-º-cm35
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
KX AP-]m-e\ ip{iq-j-I-fmb hnZym-`ymk t{]jn-X-Xz-hpw
BXp-ct- k-h\
- {- ]h¿Ø-\ß
- fpw Ime-L´- Ø
- ns‚ {]tem-`\
- ßfmb euIm-bn-IX
- zhpw am’-cyhpw B¿`m-Shpw Fßs\ AXnPo-hn-°Ww F∂v \Ωƒ hni-I-e\w sNø-Ww. \n -lm-bcpsS hy{K-XI
- sfbpw tcmKn-If
- psS ASn-b¥
- n-cm-hi
- y-ßs
- fbpw
NqjWw sNøcpXv.
57) (4) k\ym-kk
- `- I
- f
- psS kºØv s]mXp-\∑
- °p-≈X
- mWv
F∂ Ah-t_m[w hf¿Ønsb-Sp-°p-I. {]hm-N-I-a-\-t msS
Ai-cW
- ¿°v AØm-Wn-If
- m-Ip∂Xn¬ Pohn-Xk
- m-^eyw A\p`-hn-°p∂hcm-Ip-I. Pohn-X-Øns‚ CS-\m-gn-I-fn¬ CS-dn-ho-gp∂-hsc Xmßn-sb-SpØv ]pXnb CS-߃ Xc-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp°p∂ k\y-kvX¿ {InkvXp-hns‚ ssZh-cmPyw hnkvXr-Xa
- m-°pI-bm-Wv.
4.3.CS-h-Ibpw AP-]m-e-\-ssi-en-Ifpw
58) ""CS-h-I-sb-∂Xv Hcp {]tZ-i-Øp≈ k`-bpsS km∂n[y-amWv.''32 k`mKm-{X-Øn-ep-≈-hcpsSbpw B {]tZ-i-Øp≈
CX-c-a-X-ÿ-cp-sSbpw Pohn-X-ß-fn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-]m-e-\bpw {InkvXp-hns‚ Icp-Wm¿{Z-kvt\-lhpw sNmcn-bs
- ∏-tS-≠Xv
CS-hI Iq´m-bvab
- n-eq-sS-bm-Wv. AXn-\p-XI
- p∂ ssieo-am‰w CSh-I-Isf IqSp-X¬ A¿∞-hØm-°pw.
(1) CS- h - I - b psS AP- ] m- e \ {]h¿Ø- \ - ß sf ap≥KW\m{Ia-Øn¬ hne-bn-cp-Ø-Ww. emfn-Xyhpw Bflo-tbmXv°¿jhpw {][m-\-e-£y-ß-fmbn amd-Ww. Ah ]mh-s∏-´-htcm-Sp≈ Imcp-Wy-{]-hr-Øn-I-fmbn _ln¿kv^pcn°-Ww.
Aßs\ CS-hI kI-e¿°pw kzmK-X-tam-Xp∂ Xpd∂ Ihm-Sambn {]tZ-i-hm-kn-Iƒ°v A\p-`-h-s∏-S-Ww.
(2) AXn-cp-I-S∂ BtLm-j-߃°pw A\m-h-iy-amb
\n¿ΩmW{]h¿Ø- \ ߃°pw hy¿∞- a mb ]e BNm- c ߃°pw Nne-h-gn-°p∂ kabhpw Du¿÷hpw Ipd-®v, CS-hI-bpsS AP-]m-e\ ip{iq-j-bn¬ {i≤-tI-{μo-I-cn-°m-\p≈
kml-N-cy-sam-cp-°p-Ibpw sNøpI. {]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS B[nIy-Øm¬ CS-h-Ibnepff IpSpw-_-_-‘-ß-fp-sS \nP-ÿnXn
36
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
Adn-bm≥ t]mepw AP-]m-e-I\v Ign-bmsX hcp∂ kml-N-cy߃ Xncp-Øs
- ∏SWw. Hcp {]tZ-isØ ssZh-P\
- Ø
- ns‚ s\Spho¿∏p-Iƒ°pw ]cn-tZ-h-\-߃°pw I¿Ømhp sImSp-°p∂
DØ-c-ß-fmbn \ΩpsS AP-]m-e\ {]h¿Ø-\-߃ amdWw.
(3) BtLm-jß
- f
- psS `mK-ambn shSn-s°´n\v sImSp-°p∂
{]m[m\yw ]p\x-]cntim-[n-°phm≥ At\Iw XhW k`m-t\XrXzw Xs∂ Blzm\w sNbvXn-´p-≈-XmWv. tZhm-e-b-Øns‚
]cn- i p- ≤ n, ssZhm- e - b - ] - c n- k - c - ß - f n¬ D≠m- b n- c n- t °≠
\n»_vZX F∂nh shSn-s°-´n-t\-°mƒ {]m[m-\y-ap-≈h
- b
- mWv
F∂v \mw Xncn-®-dn-b-Ww. i_vZ-aen-\o-I-c-Ww, A¥-co-£-a-en\o-I-c-Ww, [\-Zp¿hn-\-ntbmKw XpS-ßn-bh kmaq-lnI Xn∑-Ifm-Wv. Poh\pw Btcm-Ky-Øn\pw henb \jvS-߃ hcpØp-∂p.
(4) BZn-ak
- `- m-ka
- q-ls
- Ø-t]mse {]m¿∞-\, A∏w-ap-dn-°¬
Iq´mbva F∂n-hb
- n¬ hm¿sØ-Sp-°s
- ∏´ Poh-Ømb ss{IkvXh-k-aq-l-ßfmbn CS-h-I-Iƒ amd-Ww. IpSp-X¬ kº-Øp≈
]≈n-Iƒ AXv s]mXp\∑-°mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°-Ww. BtLm-jß-ƒ°mbn kzcp-°q-´p∂ ]W-Øns‚ \√ Hcp iX-am\w ]mhs∏-´h
- sc klm-bn-°p∂ ImcpWy-\n-[n-bmbn am‰n-hb
- v°p-Ibpw
A¿ln-°p-∂-hsc klm-bn-°p-hm\mbn AXv D]-tbm-Kn-°pIbpw thWw.
4.4.AP-]m-e-\-taJ-e-bnse B[p-\nI sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
59) \√ ka-cn-bm-°m-cs‚ D]a C∂sØ AP-]m-e-\-ip{iq-j°v sh√p-hn-fn-bm-Wv. D]-ab
- nse ]ptcm-ln-Xs\bpw tehmbs\bpw t]mse ÿm]-\-ß-fpsSbpw ]c-º-cm-KX {]ÿm-\ß- f p- s Sbpw Imh¬°mcmIp- ∂ - X n¬ \ΩpsS AP- ] m- e \
ip{iqj Ah-km-\n-°p-∂pt≠m? _en-b¿∏n-°m-\p≈ X{X-∏mSn¬ tZhm-e-b-Øn-te°p \oßp∂ ]ptcm-ln-X≥; IqsS-bm-bncn-t°≠ tehm-b≥; hgn-bn¬ apdn-th‰v tIgp-∂-h≥ Ah-cpsS
I¿Ω-߃°v XS w krjvSn-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv. F∂m¬, ka-cnbm-°m-c≥ Nn¥n-°p-∂X
- v, apdn-th-‰h
- \v F¥v kw`-hn°pw F∂mWv. Ah≥ Xs‚ Igp-X-∏p-d-Øp-\n∂v Xmsg-bn-dßn; apdn-hp-Iƒ
37
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
h®p-sI´n; FÆ ]I¿∂p. k{X-ØnseØn-®p. AhnsS _en
\S-∂Xv sXcp-hn-em-Wv. kwhn-[m-\-ß-fp-sSbpw sI´p-]m-Sp-I-fpsSbpw A∏p-dØv Cutim-bpsS at\m-`mhw kz¥-am-°m≥
{^m≥knkv ]m∏m \sΩ Blzm\w sNøp∂p.
60) \ΩpsS k`-bn¬ CØ-c-Øn-ep≈ [mcmfw AP-]m-e\
apt∂-‰-߃°v Bcw`w Ipdn-®n-´p≠v F∂Xv ipt`m-Z¿°-amWv. XS-hd- t- {]-jn-XX
- zw, BIm-i∏
- d- h
- I
- fpsS Iq´p-Im¿, am¿°‰v
t{]jn-XX
- zw, Ah-bh
- Z- m\ apt∂-‰ß
- ƒ, A\y-kw-ÿm\ sXmgnem-fn-I-fp-sS-bn-S-bnse ip{iq-j-Iƒ, am\-kn-I-tcm-Kn-I-fp-sSbpw
el-cn-°S- n-s∏-´h
- c
- p-sSbpw thiym-hr-Øn-bn-te¿s∏-´h
- c
- psSbpw
CS-bnse t{]jn-X-{]-h¿Ø-\w XpSßn \nc-h-[n-bmb ]pXnb
t{]jn-X-ta-J-e-Iƒ C∂v \ne-hn-ep-≠v. apdn-th¬∏n® sIm≈°mcs‚ am\-km-¥c
- w AP-]m-e\
- i
- p-{iq-jb
- psS `mK-am-bn-´p≠v
C∂v. hgn-am-dn-t∏mb ]ptcm-ln-X\pw tehm-b\pw, apdn-hp-h®v
sI´n k{X-Øn-se-Øn® ka-cn-bm-°m-c\pw k`m-ip-{iq-j-bn¬
Htc {InkvXp-a\
- t- msS ]¶m-fn-If
- mIp-∂X
- mbn ImWmw. ChnsS
_enbpw _en-]o-Thpw _en-h-kvXphpw XΩn-semcp eb-ap-≠v.
Ah \ΩpsS k` temI- Ø n- \ p- a p- º n¬ \¬Ip∂ \qX\
km£yßfmWv F∂v kt¥m-j-tØmsS ]d-b-s´. F∂m¬,
Cu at\m-`mhw k`-bpsS F√m taJ-e-I-fn-te°pw hy]n-°Wsa-¶n¬ k` emfn-Xy-Øns‚ eLp-Xz-Øn-te°v IqSp-Xe
- mbn IS∂p-h-tc≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
61) C{Xbpw ]d-™-Xp-sIm≠v ÿm]-\-ßsf k` ]q¿Wambn Dt]-£n-°W
- s
- a∂¿∞-an-√. Ime-Øns‚ Bh-iy-߃°\p-k-cn®v k`m-ÿm-]-\-߃°v ssieo-am‰w A\n-hm-cy-am-Wv.
kaq-lØ
- nse Xmsg-Ø´- n-ep-≈h
- ¿°pw {]m]y-amb D∂-Xh
- n-Zym`ym-k-Øns‚ h‡m-°-fm-IWw \ΩpsS hnZym-`ym-k-ÿm-]-\߃. Zmcn-{Zy-Øns‚ \n -lm-bX A\p-`-hn-°p∂ ]mhw
tcmKnbmbn-cn-°Ww k`-bpsS Bip]-{Xn-bnse G‰hpw henb
hn.-sF.-]n. Aß-s\-bp-≈-hsc klm-bn-°p-∂Xv \jvS-Øns‚
]´n-I-bn-e√ Dƒs∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xv. Db¿∂ \ne-hm-c-ap≈ AwKoIrX ÿ]-\-ß-fn¬ ]Øp iX-am\w ko‰v ]mhs∏´-h¿°v
\o°n hbv°pI. sI´n-S-\n¿Ωm-W-Øn¬ B¿`m-SsØ-°mƒ
38
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
kuI-cy-߃°v {]m[m\yw sImSp-°p-∂-Xn\v t_m[-h¬°cWw \¬IpI. ÿm]-\ß
- f
- psS \S-Øn-∏n¬ cq]-XI
- f
- p-w k\ymk-k-`-I-fpw kpXm-cyX Dd-∏p-h-cp-ØWw. ChbpsS `c-W-k-anXnI-fn¬ {InkvXo-b-t_m-[y-ß-fp≈ Aflm-b-cpsS ]¶m-fnØw
h¿≤n-∏n°p-hm≥ \mw ]cn-{i-an-°-Ww.
4.5.{InkvXob IpSpw-_-Ønse emfnXy sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
62) {InkvXob IpSpw_w Km¿ln-I-k-`-bmWv F∂ k`m-{]t_m-[\w k`bpw IpSpw-_hpw XΩn-ep≈ Cg]ncnbmØ
_‘sØ {]I-S-am-°p∂p. IpSpw_w tIhew Hcp kmaq-lnI
ÿm]-\-a-√. adn®v {InkvXp-hn¬ Bcw-`n® ssZh-cm-Py-Øns‚
hmXm-b\
- a
- m-Wv. Ah-cpsS A\p-Zn-\P
- o-hnXw k`-bpsS bYm¿∞
Bhn-jv°c-Wam-Wv.
(1) {InkvXo-b-Ip-Spw_߃ ssZhn-I-Pohn-X-{Iaw A`ykn°p∂ If-cn-Ifmbn amdWw. kvt\l-Øn¬ A[n-jvTn-X-amb
PohnXw \bn-°p-I, a°-tfm-sSm∏w {]m¿∞n-°p-I, Hcp-an-®n-cp∂v
ssZh-h-N\w hmbn-°p-I, ]Tn-°p-I, hnip≤ Ip¿∫m-\-bnepw
a‰v IqZm-i-I-fnepw ]s¶-Sp-°pI XpS-ßn-bhbneqsS Xß-fpsS
a°-fpsS `mhn tIhew `uXn-I-amb kpc-£n-X-Xzw Dd-∏p-h-cpØp-∂Xne√, ssZhnI ]≤Xn Xncn-®d- n-™v Pohn-°p-∂X
- n-emWv
F∂v amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ a°ƒ°v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°W
- w.
(2) BtLm-j-ßfpw Xncp-∂m-fp-Ifpw B¿`m-S-Øn-\p≈
Ah- k - c - ß - f m- b n- ° m- W msX, hnizm- k PohnX- Ø ns‚
_ln¿kv^p-cWambn-Øo-cp-hm≥th≠ kao-]-\-߃ Cu
Akw-ªn-bn¬ Dcp-Øn-cn-bWw.
(3) Cutim-bpsS Imcp-Wy-I-c-ß-fmbn a°sf cq]-s∏-SpØ-Ww. Xß-fpsS a°ƒ Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-Øn-eqsS At\Iw
a°ƒ°v Xmßpw XW-ep-ambn, A[-c-ß-fn¬ kphn-ti-jhpw
Ic-ß-fn¬ ]c-kvt\-l-{]-hr-Ønbpw lrZ-b-Øn¬ ssZh-kvt\lhpw Pohn-°p-∂Xv ImWp-hm≥ F{X amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ sImXn°p-∂p!
(4) kº-Ønt\mSpw hn`-h-ß-tfm-Sp-ap≈ \oXn-]q¿hIamb
ss{IkvXh kao-]\w amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ ]pe¿Øn-bm¬ am{X39
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
ta, a°ƒ aqeym-[n-jvTn-X-Po-hnXw \bn-°p-∂-h-cm-Iq. tPmen
sNøp-∂-n-SØv ssI°qen hmßn Aan-X-ambn kzØv kºm-Zn°p-Ibpw kz¥w a°ƒ°v B¿`m-S-ambn Pohn-°m≥ ]Ww
Icp-Xp-Ibpw sNbvXn´v a°-fm¬ Xnc-kvI-cn-°-s∏´v Zpcn-X-a-\p`-hn-°p∂ amXm-]n-Xm-°sf \ap°v ImWm-\m-Ipw. GXv I≈Ø-c-Øn-eq-sS-bpw kzcp-°q-´nb ]WØns‚ Hcp \n›n-X- XpI
k`-bpsS hnI-k-\{]h¿-Ø\-߃°v sImSp-Øm¬ k¿Δ-]m]hpw Xocp-sa-∂p≈ sX‰mb Nn¥ Adnt™m Adn-bm-sXtbm
\ΩpsS AP-]m-e-\-k-ao-]\ßfn-eqsS Hcp Imc-W-h-imepw
t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°-s∏-ScpXv.
(5) \ΩpsS IpSpw-_-ß-fnse BtLm-j-ßfn¬ ]mh-ßtfm-Sp≈ Icp-Xepw ]¶p-h-bv°p∂Xnse B\-μhpw Ahn-`mPy-L-S-ß-fm-°n am‰m≥ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ {i-≤n-°-Ww. sNdp∏w
apXte Ip´n-Isf AXn¬ ]cn-io-en-∏n-°p-Ibpw thWw.
(6) hnhm-lm-tLm-jß
- f
- nse B¿`m-Sß
- fpw [q¿Øpw \nb{¥n-°p-∂X
- n\v F¥v {]mtbm-KnI \S-]S- n-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°m-\mIpw
F∂v ]cn-Nn-¥\w sNtø-≠-Xm-Wv.
(7) efnX-Po-hnXw \bn-°p-I-hgn k`°pw kaq-l-Øn\pw
Bh-iy-Øn¬ sRcp-ßp-∂h
- ¿°pw th≠n kabw am‰n-hbv°phm≥ IqSpw-_mwK-߃°v km[n°pw. _u≤n-Ihpw kmt¶-XnIhpw sXmgn¬]c-hp-amb Xß-fpsS ]mS-hß
- sf k`m-Iq-´m-bva°pw s]mXp-k-aq-l-Øn\pw D]-Im-c-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww. {]tXy-In-®v,
DtZym-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂v hnc-an-®-h-cpsS Ign-hp-Iƒ D]-Im-c-s∏-SpØ-Ww.
D]-kw-lmcw
63) B¥-cn-Ik
- zm-X{- ¥y-Øn¬ \n∂p-fh
- m-Ip∂ emfnXy PohnX-ssi-en-bmWv Cutim-bpsSbpw Ahn-SpsØ ASp-Ø\
- pK-an®
hnip≤ {^m≥ko-kv, hmgvØ-s∏´ aZ¿ sXtck apX-emb-h-cpsSbpw Pohn-XØns‚ apJ-ap-{Z. Cu B¥-cn-I -\n-¿hrXnbpw
`mKyhpw At\z-jn-®mWv ka¿∏n-X¿ F√mw Dt]-£n®v ]q¿W
emfn- X yØn¬ Pohn- ° p- h m≥ ]cn- { i- a n°p∂- X v . D]- t `mK
kwkv°m-c-Øns‚ a[y-Øn¬ Pohn-®p-sIm≠v B¥-cn-I-ambn
40
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
emfnXyw A\p-`hn-°m≥ ss{IkvX-h¿s°√mw km[n-°-Ww.
F¶n¬ am{X-ta, ]¶p-h-bv°p∂ ss{IkvX-h-kvt\-l-Øn-te°v
hf-cp-hm≥ \ap°v km[n-°q.
64) emfnXyw [q¿Øn-s\bpw kzm¿∞-X-sbbpw ]m]-am-bn°m-Wm≥ \sΩ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. bYm¿∞-Øn¬, [q¿Øv
kΩm-\n-°p-∂Xv Aim-¥nbpw DXvIW
- vTI
- f
- p-am-Wv. F√mw D≠mbmepw ]nXm-hns‚ kvt\lw Pohn-X-Øn¬ \n∂v \jvS-s∏-Sptºm-gmWv DXvI-WvT-Ifpw BIp-e-X-Ifpw lrZ-b-Øn¬ \nd-bp∂-Xv. efn-XP
- o-hn-Xa
- m-Is
- ´, BIm-iØ
- nse ]d-hI
- s
- f-t∏m-sebpw
hb-ense en√n-I-sf-t∏m-sebpw ]nXm-hns‚ ]cn-]m-e-bn¬ ]cn]q¿W-ambn B{i-bn®v DXvIW
- vTb
- n-√msX Pohn-°phm≥ \sΩ
]Tn-∏n°p∂p≠ v (a-Øm. 6, 25-˛34). im¥-Xbpw kam-[m-\hpw
B{K-ln®v a\p-jy≥ ]pXnb ]pXnb am¿K-߃ tXSp-∂p.
F∂m¬, ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ Ffn-a-bp≈ lrZ-b-amWv im¥X
ssIh-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ ssZhw Xs‚ kamizmkw \¬Ipw.
65) emfnXyw {InkvXp-hns‚ F∂t]mse k`bpsSbpw
PohnXssien Bbn cq]-s∏-Sp-ØW
- w. At∏mƒ am{X-amWv k`
{InkvXp-hns\ temI-Øn\v kwe-`y-am-°p-I. Cu ssien kz¥am-°p-tºm-gp≈ \jvSß
- sf t\´-ßf
- mbn ImWp-tºm-gmWv k`
Cutim-bpsS emfnXy-`mhw bYm¿∞-Øn¬ Pohn-°p-∂Xv.
C∂sØ temIw BI¿j-I-ß-fmbn apt∂m´p-h-bv°p∂
Itºm-f-kw-kvIm-cØns‚bpw BtLm-jm¿`m-S-ß-fp-sSbpw
apºn¬ emfn-Xy-Øns‚ X\-Xmb Pohn-X-ssien Hmtcm kmlN-cy-Ønepw Is≠-Øm-\p≈ hnthIw k`m-X-\-b-cn-tem-tcmcp-Ø-cnepw D≠m-I-s´. {InkvXp-hns‚ emfnXyw ss{IkvX-hPo-hn-X-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-{]-am-W-am-Ip-Ibpw AXv ssZhØns‚ Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ hnkvabapJ-ambn Pohn-X-Øn¬
]pjv]n-°p-Ibpw thWw. ]nXmhv Icp-W-bp-≈-h-\m-bn-cn-°p∂-Xp-t]mse \nßfpw Icp-W-bp-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°p-hn≥ (eq°m
6, 36). k` C∂sØ temI-Øn-¬ {]hm-N-I-km-£y-ambn Xocp∂Xv Aß-s\-bmWvv.
41
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
N¿®-bv°p≈ tNmZy-߃
1. efn-XP
- o-hnXw F∂-Xp-sIm≠v \n߃ A¿∞-am-°p-∂Xv
F¥mWv? efn-X-Po-hnXØn\v XS- -ambn k`-bnepw hy‡n-Pohn-X-Ønepw I≠p-h-cp∂ B[p-\nI {]h-W-X-Iƒ GsX√mw?
Ahsb AXn-Po-hn-°p-hm≥ kzoI-cn°mhp∂ kao-]-\-߃
\n¿t±-in-°pI.
2. N¿®m-k-lm-bn-bpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ A¿∞-]q¿Æamb
Po-hnXsØ°p-dn®v s]mXp-k-aq-l-Øns‚ ImgvN-∏m-Sp-Ifpw
\ΩpsS hy‡n-]-c-amb ImgvN-∏m-Sp-Ifpw {InkvXp-hns‚ ImgvN∏m-Sp-Ifpw XΩn¬ Xmc-Xayw sNøp-I.
3. D]-t`m-K-kw-kvIm-c-Øns‚ k¥-Xn-I-fmb B¿`m-Shpw
I®-h-S-a-\-ÿn-Xnbpw k`m-a-°-fpsS hy‡n-Po-hn-X-sØbpw
IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-sØbpw kaq-l-Po-hn-X-sØbpw kmc-ambn
_m[n-°p∂pt≠m? Ds≠-¶n¬ AXn-\p≈ {]mtbm-Kn-I- ]cnlm-c-am¿§ßƒ \n¿t±-in-°p-I.
4. k`bpsSbpw k∂ymk kaq-l-ß-fp-sSbpw ÿm]-\߃ emfnXy B≤ym-fln-I-XbpsS {]tLmjWØn\v XS- ß-fmtWm? \nßfpsS hnNn-¥-\-߃ ]¶p-h-bv°pI.
5. efn-XP
- o-hnXw kz¥-am--°p-hm≥ AP-]m-e\ t\XrXzhpw
k\ym-k- kaq-l-ß-fpw CS-h-IIfpw IpSpw-_-ßfpw hy‡nIfpw Fs¥√mw {Inbm-flI ssien-Iƒ kzoIcn°Ww?
End notes:
Pope Francis Speech on 20/07/2015.
PFS 16/06/2015.
3
PFS 16/06/2015
4
Evangelii Gaudium 179.
5
Chrysostom, “Twenty-one Homilies on the statues, Homily XIX, 2-3”, in
NPNF, First Series, Vol. XIX, p. 465. At´ym-Iym-bn \n¶v h¶ kpdn-bm1
2
42
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
\n-¡m-sc¶v Icp-X-s¸-Sp-¶-hcpsS emfn-Xys¯ {]IoÀ¯n-¡p-¶n-S¯mWv
{IntkmtÌmw CXv hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
6
Shepherd of Hermes, 15 - ANF, II, p. 16.
7
Augustine, “Tractates on the Gospel of St. John, Tractate 4”, in NPNF, First
Series, Vol. VII, p. 40.
8
Chrysostom, “Twenty-one Homilies on the Statues, Homily XIX, 5”, in NPNF,
First Series, Vol. XIX, p. 465.
9
Chrysostom, “Homilies on the Acts of the Apostles. Homily VII on Acts 2,
37”, in NPNF, First Series, Vol. XI, pp. 48-49.
10
Basil, “On the Spirit, VI, 13”, in NPNF, Second Series, Vol. VIII, p. 8.
11
Otloh von St. Emmeram - ca 1020, Rustica humilium dicta, PL 146:246.
12
Gilbertus of Hoilandia (1150), PL 184: 115.
13
CCC 2403.
14
CCC 2402, 2403.
15
Pius XII, Discourse, June 1, 1941; CCC 1942.
16
CCC 2402.
17
CCC 1409.
18
Gaudium et spes 69.
19
Paul VI, Populorum Progressio, 23.
20
Pius XII, Summi pontificatus, Oct. 20, 1939 in AAS 31 (1939) 423ff.; CCC
1939.
21
De Nabute, c. 12, n. 53: PL 14. 747.
22
Paul VI, Populorum Progressio, 23. t]mÄ Bdm-a³ ]m¸m \s½ C{]-Imcw
HmÀ½n-¸n-¡p¶p: “aäp-Å-hÀ¡v D]-Po-h-\-¯n-\pÅ hI t]mep-an-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡pt¼mÄ, Bcpw kzmÀ°-XmÂ]-cy-§Ä¡p-th- n Bh-iy-¯n Ihnªv k¼mZn-¡-cp-Xv.”
23
CCC 2407.
24
Laudato Si 221.
25
Laudato Si 222.
26
Laudato Si 67.
27
Laudato Si 68.
28
John Paul II, Homily, 2 October 1979, Yankee Stadium, New York, no. 6.
29
Evangelii Gaudium, 48.
30
Pope Francis Speech on 24/05/2015.
31
Pope Francis Speech on 24/05/2015.
32
Evangelii Gaudium, 28.
43
H∂mw- hn-`mKw
IpSpw_Ønse km£yw
BapJw
1) ""hnhm-lØ
- n¬ sFIy-s∏´ Hcp ]pcp-j\pw Hcp kv{Xobpw
Xß-fpsS Ip´n-I-tfm-sSm∏w Hcp IpSpw_w cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p.''1
""ss{IkvXh
- I
- p-Spw_w hy‡n-If
- psS Iq´m-bvab
- m-Wv. ]cn-ip-≤mflm-hn¬ ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw ]p{X-s‚bpw kwk-¿K-Øns‚ ASbm-fhpw Omb-bp-amWv.''2 hnip≤ Nmhd Ipcym-t°mkv Genbm-k-®s‚ `mj-bn¬ IpSpw_w `qan-bn¬ BIm-i-tam-£Øns‚ Omb-bm-Wv. temI-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ ssZh-Øns‚
]≤-Xn-bn¬ IpSpw-_-Øn\p {]tXyI ÿm\-ap-≠v. ss{IkvX-hIp-Spw-_-Ønse am[p-cy-ap≈ sFIyw k`m-flI kwk¿KØns‚ BZysØ Xo£vW-amb km£m-XvIm-c-amWv.3 IpSpw_-amWv G‰hpw kzm`m-hn-I-amb kaq-lw; AXn-\m¬, ""IpSpw_-Ønse _‘-ß-fpsS PohnXw, kaq-l-Øn¬ kzmX-{¥yw,
kpc-£n-X-Xzw, kmtlm-Zcyw F∂n-h-bv°p≈ ASn-ÿm-\amWv.''4 F∂m¬, B[p-\n-I-Ip-Spw_w At\Iw sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
t\cn-Sp-∂p. Ahsb kuIcym¿∞w aq∂p {Kq∏p-I-fmbn Xncn°mw. H∂v, IpSpw-_-Øns‚ LS-\-sbbpw \ne-\n-ev]n-s\bpw
_m[n-°p-∂h. c≠v, IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-fpsS kvt\l-sØbpw
sshIm-cn-I-]-Iz-X-sbbpw _m[n-°p-∂-h. aq∂v, kmaq-ln-I,
kmwkvIm-cn-I, kmº-ØnI, ]mcn-ÿn-XnI sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ. C∂v
IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ KpWw kº-∂-am-°m≥ Hmtcm IpSpw_hpw k` apgph\mbpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-h-gn-Iƒ Is≠-Ø-Ww.
IpSpw-_P
- o-hn-XØ
- ns‚ \ho-Ic
- W
- Ø
- n-\p≈ {]mtbm-Kn-I]
- S- n-Iƒ
apJy-ambpw aq∂p Xe-ßf
- n¬ kzoI-cn-°W
- w: 1) IpSpw-_Ø
- ns‚
kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn-°p-∂-Xn¬ \mw ^e-{]-Z-amb hgn-Iƒ
Is≠-Ø-Ww. 2) IpSpw-_-ß-sfbpw bph-Z-º-Xn-I-sfbpw AP]m-e-\-]-c-ambn kl-K-an-°p-∂-Xn\v hnP-b-{]-Z-amb hgn-Ifpw
coXn-Ifpw Is≠-ØWw. 3) IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS ss{IkvX-h-]-cnio-e-\-Øns‚ Bi-b-ßfpw coXn-Ifpw \mw C∂v \ho-I-cn°-Ww.
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
H∂mw-`mKw
IpSpw-_-Øns‚ kphn-tijw
1. IpSpw-_-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ssZhn-I-]-≤Xn
2) a\p-jys\ kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\
- p-ambn krjvSn-®p-sIm≠pw
(DXv] 1:27 a) h¿≤n®p s]cp-Im≥ Bio¿h-Zn-®p-sIm≠pw (DXv]
1:28) ssZhw IpSpw-_-Øn\p cq]w- \-evIn. Hcmƒ Xs∂-Øs∂
\evInbpw as‰ hy‡nsb kzoI-cn®pw kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw
Hcp ico-c-am-bnXocp∂p (DXv] 2:24). ssZh-Øns‚ klmbØm¬ (DXv] 4:1), Ah¿ Ip´n-Isf P\n-∏n-°p-∂p. ChnsS
\ΩpsS {]tXyI {i≤ A¿ln-°p∂ c≠p Imcy-ß-fp-≠v:
H∂ma-Xmbn, ssZhw Zº-Xn-Isf Xs‚ Ombbpw kmZr-iyhpw
sIm≠v (DXv] 1:27) ap{Zn-X-am-°p-∂p. {^m≥kokv ]m∏m
C°mcyw Cßs\ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p. ]pcp-j≥ H‰bv°v ssZhØns‚ Omb-b-√. kv{Xobpw H‰bv°v ssZh-Øns‚ Omb-b√. adn®v, kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw Zº-Xn-Iƒ F∂ \ne-bn-emWv
ssZh-Øns‚ Omb-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂X
- v. kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw XΩnep≈ hyXymkw ]c-kv]cw hncp-≤a
- m-bn-cn-°mt\m Iog-S°
- mt\m
Dt±-in-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈-X-√. adn®v B hyXymkw kwk¿K-Øn\pw
{]P-\-\-Øn\pw th≠n-bp-≈-Xm-Wv. Ah¿ Ft∏mgpw ssZhØns‚ Omb-bnepw kmZr-iy-Øn-ep-am-Wv. IpSpw-_-Øn¬
hy‡n-bpsS al-Øzhpw hnfnbpw a\- n-em-t°-≠X
- v, ""kv{XobpsSbpw ]pcp-j-s‚bpw {]tXyI sshhn-[y-Øn-s‚bpw sshb‡nI X\n-a-bp-sSbpw''5 _‘-Øn-emWv. IqSm-sX, k`-bpsS
kmaq-ln-I-{]-t_m-[-\-Øns‚ kw{K-l-Øn¬ \mw ImWp-∂-Xpt]m-se, ""kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw Xpey-a-l-Øz-ap≈ c≠p
hyXykvX hy‡n-I-fm-Wv. F∂m¬, AXv Hcp \n›e Xpey-Xb-√. Fs¥-∂m¬, kv{XobpsS {]tXy-IX ]pcp-js‚ {]tXy-IX-bn¬ \n∂p hyXy-kvX-am-Wv. Xpey-X-bn-ep≈ hyXy-kvXX
Pohn-X-Øns‚ Xmfm-fl-I-Xsb kº-∂-am-°p-∂Xpw AXn\v
Hgn®p IqSm-\m-hm-Ø-Xp-am-Wv. kv{Xo ]pcp-js‚ ]qc-I-am-Wv,
]pcp-j≥ kv{XobpsS ]qc-Ih
- p-am-Wv. kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw ]ckv]cw ]q¿W-am-°p∂p.''6 hnip≤ tPm¨t]mƒ c≠m-a≥
46
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
]m∏m ]d- ™ - X p- t ]m- s e, Xo¿®- b mbpw kv { Xo ]pcp- j \v
klmbnbmWv, ]pcp-j≥ kv{Xo°v klmbn Bbn-cn-°p-∂Xp
t]mse-X-s∂.
3) c≠maXmbn, hnhm-l-Øns‚ sFIy-]-chpw {]P-\-\-]-chp-amb hi-ß-fpsS ]c-kv]-c-]q-c-I-Xz-kz-`mhw a\p-jy-kr-jvSnbn¬ {]Im-in-Xa
- mb ssZh-Øns‚ ]≤-Xn-bm-Wv. hnhmlw Htck-abw imco-cn-Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb sFIy-am-Wv. ]pcp-js‚bpw kv{Xobp-sSbpw sFIyw AXns‚ ]q¿W-A¿∞w \ne\n-dp-Øp-∂-Xv, AXv hnI-k-\-Øns‚ XØzhpw Pohs‚ Dd-hnShpw Bbn-cn-°p-tºmgpw Zmº-Xy-{]-hr-Øn-bpsS B¥-cn-I-LS\ \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºm-gm-Wv. Zmº-Xy-{]hr-Øn-bpsS alØzw AXns‚ \mev ASn-ÿm\ hi-ßf
- n-emWv
A[n-jvTn-Xa
- m-bn-cn-°p-∂X
- v. 1) Zmº-Xy-{]-hrØn Htc-ka
- bw ZºXn-Iƒ°p ]c-kv]-chpw ssZh-tØm-Sp-w D≈ kl-I-c-W-am-Wv.
2) Zmº-Xy-{]-hr-Øn°v ]e e£y-߃ D≠v. AXn¬ {][m-\s∏-´Xv Poh-t\m-Sp≈ Xpd-hnbm-Wv. AXm-b-Xv, AXns‚ {]P-\\-]-c-amb am\w B {]hr-Øn-bpsS B¥-cn-I-L-S\ ssZhw
πm≥ sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse \ne-\n-dp-Øp-∂p. AXns\
c≠mw hØn-°m≥ Iu¨kn¬ hnti-jn-∏n-®Xv, hnhm-lØ
- ns‚
AXn-t{i-jvT-amb al-Øz-sa-∂m-Wv. 3) Zmº-Xy-{]-hrØn ASnÿm-\-]-c-ambn ]c-kv]-c-ap-≈Xpw ]c-kv]-c-]q-c-I-hp-amb Hcp
Zm\-Øns‚ \nanj-am-Wv. AY-hm, Bflm-hv, ico-cw, B¿{Z-X,
kvt\lw F∂n-h-bpsS KmV-amb H∂m-I-em-Wv. 4) Zmº-Xy-{]hr-Øn-bv°p kzIo-b-amb kuμ-cyhpw ]cn-ip-≤nbpw AXns‚
kØ-bn¬\n-∂v, AXm-bXv P\-t\-{μnb kwtbm-K-Øn¬\n∂v
Dcp-Øn-cn-bp-∂p; DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-]q¿Whpw Bflo-b-hp-amb Hcp
{]hr-Øn-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ \n¿hln-°p∂ -co-Xn-bn¬ \n∂v AXv
D≠m-Ip-∂p.
4) Zmº- X y- { ]- h rØn ]cn- i p- ≤ - a mb I¿Ωw: hnip≤
{KŸhpw k`-bpsS HutZym-KnI {]t_m-[-\hpw Zmº-Xy-{]-hrØnsb ]cn-ip-≤I
- ¿Ω-ambn ImWp-∂p. AXv Ah-cpsS kvt\l]q¿Whpw At`-Zy-hp-amb _‘-Øns‚ {]Im-i-\-am-Wv. ZmºXy-_-‘sØ AXp i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. H∂m-Ip-∂-Xn-\p≈
47
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
B{Klw Zº-Xn-I-fpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ ap{Zn-X-am-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv
ssZhw Xs∂-bm-Wv. ]c-kv]-c-Zm-\-tØm-sS-bp≈ H∂m-I¬
{]hrØn ssZthjvSw \nd-th-‰-em-Wv. B {]-hr-Øn-bpsS ^eZm-b-IXzw, AXv K¿`-[m-c-Wtam Zº-Xn-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ _‘Øns‚ KmV-amb ASp-∏tam BImw, ssZh-Øns‚ Zm\-amWv. Pohn-X]
- ¶
- m-fn-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ icn-bmb, DØ-ch
- m-Zn-Xz-]q¿Wamb, kvt\lm¿{Z-amb Zmº-Xy-{]-hrØn ssZh-Øns‚ ]≤-Xnbn¬ kvt\l-Øns‚ shdpw {]Im-i\w am{X-a√
- , adn®v kvt\lØns‚ A\p-`-hhpw kº-∂-am-°-ep-am-Wv. Aßs\ AXv Hcp
]cn-ip≤ I¿Ω-am-Ip-∂p. AXn-\m¬, Zmº-Xy-Po-hn-X-Ønse
hnip≤n Hcp Xc-Ønepw ssewKn-I{- ]-hr-Øn Hgn-hm-°p-∂X
- ns\
t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂n√.
5) sFIy-]-chpw {]P-\-\-]-c-hp-amb am\-߃: krjvSn°p∂ ssZhw ]cn-]m-en-°p-∂-h-\p-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬, hnhm-lØns‚ {]P-\-\-hiw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-]q¿W-amb amXr-]nXr-XzØns‚ IS-aI-fpsS hkvXp-\n-jvT-amb _‘-Øn¬ a\- n-em°-Ww. F∂m¬, hnhmlØns‚bpw IpSpw-_-Øn-s‚bpw Ncn{X-]-c-amb bmYm¿∞yw ]m]w Imc-Ww, ssZhn-I-]-≤-Xnbn¬\n∂v AI-∂p-t]m-bn. hnhm-l-Øn-s‚bpw IpSpw-_-Øns‚bpw apgp-h≥ ssZh-P\
- Ø
- n-s‚bpw BZn-as
- sZ-hi
- mkv{X ka{KX ImØp-kq-£n-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n c£-bpsS Ncn-{X-Øn¬
Iev]\Ifpw (\nb 5:1-21) Cf-hp-Ifpw (\nb 24:1-4) \evI-s∏´n´p≠v. F∂m¬, hnhm-l-Øns‚ BZn-a-cq-]-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂
Ah-ÿ-bn-te°v kp\n-›n-X-amb ]p\-cp-≤m-cWw \SØnbXv
Cutim-an-in-lm-bm-Wv (a¿t°m 10:1-12). Ah-\n-eqsS Ir]bpw
kXyhpw F√m-h-cnepw FØn (tbml 1:17).
6) hnhm-l-Øns‚ Ahn-`m-PyX: hnhm-ls
- a∂ IqZm-ib
- n¬
km£m-XvIc
- n-°s
- ∏´ Zmº-Xy-_‘w anin-lmbpw k`bpw XΩnep≈ DS-º-Sn-bn¬\n∂v AXns‚ ]q¿Wamb -A¿∞w kzoI-cn°p-∂p (Ft^ 5:32). hnhm-l-Øn¬ H∂n-®p-h-cp∂ Zº-Xn-Isfbpw F√mw IpSpw-_mw-Kß
- s
- fbpw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn¬ sFIys∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v aninlm Hmtcm IpSpw-_-sØbpw `qan-bn¬
ssZh-Øns‚ kvt\l-Øn\pw Poh\pw km£y-ta-Im≥ {]m]vXn48
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
bp-≈X
- m-°p-∂p. Aßs\ anin-lm ]cn-ip-≤{- Xn-Xz-Øns‚ kmZriy-Øn¬ IpSpw-_sØ ]p\-cp-≤-cn-°p-∂p. ""a\p-jym-h-Xmcw
sNbvX hN-\Ø
- ns‚ cl-ky-Øn¬ am{Xw hy‡n-bpsS clkyw
{]Im-in-X-am-I-bm¬,''7 Hcp-h≥ sshb-‡n-I-Po-hnXw, hnhm-lc- l - k y- Ø ns‚ Bgw, IpSpw- _ - _ - ‘ ßfpsS icn- b mb
kuμcyw F∂nh a\- n-em-°m≥ anin-lm tI{μo-Ir-X-amb
Xmt°m¬ D]- t bm- K n- ° - W w. BZna ssZhn- I - ] ≤- X nDu∂n]d™p-sIm≠v Cutim hnhm-l-Øns‚ Ahn-`m-PyX
ho≠pw Dd-∏n-®p (aØm 19:6). Xß-fpsS ss{IkvX-h-hnhmlw
]q¿W-Xt- bmSpw kt¥m-jt- Øm-Spw-IqsS Pohn-°p∂ Zº-Xn-Iƒ
Ahn-`m-Py-Xb
- p-sSbpw Zmº-Xy-hn-iz-kvXX
- b
- p-sSbpw aqey-Øn\v
km£yw hln-°p-∂p. Hmtcm ]¶m-fn°pw as‰ Btfm-Sp≈
\o≠p-\n-ev°p∂ kvt\l-Ønepw Xßsf H∂n∏n® ssZhtØmSpw ssZhw Xßsf `c-ta-ev]n-°p∂ F√m-ht- cmSpw {]tXyIn®v Xß-fpsS a°-tfm-Sp-ap≈ s]mXp-k-a¿∏-W-Ønepw AXp
{]mtbm-Kn-I-ambn {]Im-in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
7) hnhm-lw ]q¿W-Po-hn-XØ
- ns‚ kwk¿K-w: hnhm-ls
- a∂
IqZmi Zº-Xn-Isf apgp-h≥ Pohn-XØ
- n-s‚bpw kwk¿Kw Pohn°m≥ £Wn-°p-∂p. AXp Xmsg-]d- b
- p∂ Imcy-߃ Dƒs°m≈p-∂p: ]¶m-fn-bpsS kpÿn-Xn°pw kt¥m-jØ
- n\pw th≠Xp
\evIp∂ A¿∏-W-kvt\lw, Zmº-Xy-[m¿Ωn-I-X-tbm-Sp≈ BZcw, Zmº-Xy-ku-lrZw ÿm]n-°p-∂X
- n¬ `mcy-bp-sSbpw `¿Ømhn-s‚bpw ]c-kv]c
- ap≈ DØ-ch
- m-Zn-Xzw, IpSpw-_Ø
- ns‚ `uXnI-kp-ÿn-Xn°p th≠Xv \evI¬ ˛ AXn\v tPmen-bn¬ ÿncX, _UvP-‰n-ep≈ Zo¿L-ho-£Ww, Zmº-Xy-Pohn-Xhpw Xmfmfl-I-Xbpw A]-I-S-Øn-em-°p∂ hnth-I-an-√mØ hnIm-c-߃,
tNmZ-\-Iƒ F∂n-h-bpsS taep≈ hnP-bw, -F∂nh thWw.8
2. IpSpw_w Km¿ln-I-k-`-sb∂ \ne-bn¬
8) hnhm-l-Øn-te°p {]th-in-°m-\p≈ hnfnbpw AXns\
A\p-Ka
- n-°p∂ Ir]bpw ssZh-Øm¬ \evIs
- ∏-Sp-∂p. hnhmlw
IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Øn-te°p \bn-°p-∂p (aØm 19:11). hnhm-lsa∂ IqZm-i-bn-eqsS sFIy-s∏-Sp∂ Zº-Xn-Iƒ anin-lmbpw
k`bpw XΩn-ep≈ sFIy-Ønepw ^e-Zm-b-I-kvt\-l-Ønepw
49
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
]¶p-tN-cp-Ibpw AXns\ {]Xo-I-h-XvI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p
(Ft^ 5:32). ""hnhm-l-Po-hn-X-Øn¬\n∂v IpSpw_w D≠m-Ip∂p. AhnsS a\p-jy-k-aq-l-Øns‚ ]pXnb ]uc-∑m¿ P\n-°p∂p.''9 IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Øn-te-°p≈ hnfn, hnip-≤n-bn-te-°p≈
ssZhn-I-£-W-am-Wv. IpSpw_w Km¿ln-I-k-`-bm-Wv. AhnsS
amXm-]n-Xm-°∑m¿ hnizmkw {]kwKn°pI am{X-a√ sNøp-∂Xv
adn®v Hmtcm AwK-Øn-s‚bpw hnfn Fs¥∂v hnth-Nn-°p-Ibpw
AXp t{]m’m- l n- ∏ n- ° p- I bpw IqSn sNøp- ∂ p. hnip≤
tPm¨t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ ]m∏m ]d-™-Xp-t]m-se, Xo¿®-bmbpw
IpSpw_w k`-bpsS ]mX-bm-Wv. IpSpw-_-Øns‚ kphn-tijw
AXns‚ Dd-hn-S-amb {XnssXz-I-kvt\-l-tØmSpw Poh-t\mSpw
AXns‚ XpS¿®bpw Bfl-{]-Xn-^-e-\-hp-amb k`-tbmSpw a\pjy-h¿K-tØmSpw {]Ir-Xn-tbm-Sp-ap≈ AXns‚ kpÿn-c-amb
sFIy-Zm¿Vy-tØmSpw, {]tXy-In®v Zcn-{Z-tcmSpw ]e-X-c-Øn¬
]m¿iz-h-XvI-cn-°-s∏-´-h-tcmSpw _‘-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. IpSpw-_Øns‚ kphn-tijw hyXykvX {]mtZ-inI k`m-flI ]›mØ-e-Øn¬ Ft∏mgpw At\Iw ]pXnb coXn-I-fn¬ Pohn-°p∂p-sh-¶nepw F√m IpSpw-_ß
- fpw AXn-\p≈ B¥-cn-Ie
- £
- yt_m[w A\p-Zn\ IpSpw-_-{]m¿∞-\-bn¬ \n∂mWv kzoI-cn°p-∂-Xv. IpSpw-_-{]m¿∞-\-bn¬ hnip-≤-{KŸ-Øns‚ ssZhnI-hm-b-\bv°v {]tXyI ÿm\-ap-≠v. IpSpw-_-{]m¿∞-\-bm¬
]pjv]n-°p∂ B¥-cnI Bflo-b-Po-hnXw IpSpw-_-ßsf XßfpsS {]mtZ-inI k`m-fl-I-k-aq-l-tØm-Sp-IqsS ]cn-ip≤
Ip¿_m- \ - b ¿∏n- ° m≥ t{]cn∏n°p∂p. Aßs\ IpSpw_
B≤ym-fln- IX Znhy-Im-cpWy B≤ym-fln-IX
- b
- n-te°p \bn-°p∂p. AXv Xncn-®v, IpSpw_ B≤ym-fln-I-Xsb ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n°p-∂p.
9) ]cn-ip≤ k`m-am-Xm-hns‚ Hmtcm k¥m-\hpw AXn-t{ijvT-amb Hcp hnfn-sb-°p-dn®v Ah-t_m-[-ap≈h\m-Ip-∂Xv
IpSpw-_-sa∂ BZy-k-`m-fl-I-th-Zn-bn-em-Wv. kvt\ln-°m-\p≈
hnfnbm-W-Xv.10 k`-bn¬ ]pXp-Xmbn P\n-°p∂ Hmtcm k¥m-\Øn\pw IpSpw-_-Øn¬ amXm-]n-Xm-°∑mcpw apXn¿∂-hcpw
hnizm-kw, {]Xo-£, D]hn F∂n-h-bpsS Hcp PohnXw \bn50
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
°m≥ th≠ {]mY-an-Ihpw \nc-¥-c-hp-amb aX-]-cn-io-e\w
\evIp-∂p. Hmtcm {]mtZ-inI k`m-k-aq-lhpw IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬
Pohn-°p-Ibpw Ah-bn-eqsS cq]-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂X
- p-t]mse
Hmtcm IpSpw-_hpw AXns‚ ss{IkvXh DZv`-hhpw kaq-lmflI A\-\y-Xbpw k`-bn¬ Is≠-Øp-∂p. k`m-ka
- q-lw, AXp
CS-hI
- X
- e
- Ø
- ntem cq]XmXe-Øntem km¿h-{XnI Xe-Øntem
D≈-Xm-Is
- ´, AXp IpSpw-_ß
- ƒ°v Bflo-b˛- k
- m-aq-lnI tkh\-߃ \¬I-s∏-Sp∂ tIhew Hcp sk‚-d-√; adn®v IpSpw-_߃ P\n-°p-∂ Hcp ÿe-am-Wv. AhnsS, IuZm-inI Ir],
AP-]m-e\
- i
- p-{iq-j, kmaq-ln-Ia
- mb ]¶p-tN-c¬ F∂n-hb
- n-eqsS
IpSpw-_-߃ ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n°-s∏-Sp-∂p. C¥y-bn-sebpw hntZi-sØbpw am¿tØmΩm {InkvXym-\n-If
- psS ItØm-en-°mIpSpw_-߃, Ah-cpsS kotdm ae-_m¿ k`m-flI ]mc-ºc
- y-Øns‚
A\-\y-amb BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\-ßfpw kmwkvIm-cnI khn-tij-X-Ifpw hyXykvX Km¿lnI {]m¿∞\mcoXn-I-fn-eqsS \SØn-t∏m-cp-∂p. k` kz`m-h-Ømte t{]jn-X-bm-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xpt]mse IpSpw-_ß
- ƒ°pw kphn-ti-jh
- X
- vIc
- W
- ]
- c
- hpw t{]jnX-Xz]-c-hp-amb ZuXy-ap-≠v.11
3. IpSpw_w kaq- l - Ø ns‚ ASn- ÿ m\ tImi- s a∂
\ne-bn¬
10) c≠mw hØn-°m≥ Iu¨kn¬ ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂X
- p-t]m-se,
""IpSpw_w kaq-lØ
- ns‚ ASn-ÿm-\a
- mbn \nev°p∂p.''12 sNdp∏-°mcpw hr≤cpw, kv{XoIfpw ]pcp-j∑m-cpw, F√m-hcpw
kt¥m-j-tØmsS IpSpw-_-Øn¬ H∂n®p Pohn-°p-Ibpw
H∂n®v hf-cp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. B A¿∞-Øn¬, ""IpSpw_w
IqSp-X¬ kº-∂-amb am\pjn-I-X-bpsS hnZym-e-b-am-Wv.''13
IpSpw-_Ø
- n¬ hy‡n-Iƒ XßsfØs∂ ]c-kv]cw _‘-s∏´-hc
- mbn Is≠-Øp-∂p. _‘sØ Hcp Zm\-ambn hne-aX
- n-°m≥
AXv Ahsc ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂p. IpSpw-_-Øn¬ hy‡n-Iƒ kzoIcn-°s
- ∏-´h
- c
- mbpw {i≤n-°s
- ∏-´h
- c
- mbpw A\p-`h
- n-°p∂p, {]tXyIn®pw HcwKw IgnhpIpd-hv, tcmKw, hm¿≤Iyw F∂n-h-bm¬
{hWn-X-\m-Ip-tºmƒ. Hcp {]tZ-isØ Bfp-I-fpsS kmwkvImcnI t{ijvTX h≥tXm-Xn¬ Ahn-SsØ IpSpw-_ß
- f
- psS KpW51
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
Øm-emWv \n›-bn-°p-∂-Xv. F√m hy‡n-I-fp-sSbpw alØzw
kaq¿Ø-ambn Dd∏m-°p-∂X
- n¬ AXp {]Im-in-Xa
- m-Ip-∂p. AXn\m¬, kmaq-ln-Ihpw cmjv{So-bh
- p-amb F√m kan-Xn-Ifpw hnhml-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ kz`m-hhpw IpSpw-_-Øns‚ Bflo-bhpw
kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb ZuXy-ßfpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw kwc£n-°p-Ibpw t]mjn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøm≥ IS-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p.14
IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS KpWw sa®-s∏-Sp-ØpI F∂ e£y-tØmsS
t£a-kw-hn-[m-\ß
- ƒ ÿm]n-®p-sIm≠pw F√m-h¿°pw hnZym`ym-khpw Btcm-Ky-]-cn-]me-\hpw Dd-∏m-°n-s°m≠pw kmaqln-I-˛-km-º-Øn-I-˛-enw-K-]-c-amb Ak-a-Xz-ßsf G‰hpw Ipd®p-sIm≠pw bph-P-\-߃°p sXmgn¬ Ah-k-c-߃ krjvSn®p-sIm≠pw aX-kzm-X{¥yw Dd-∏m-°n-s°m≠pw DNn-X-amb
s]mXp-\-b-߃ cq]o-I-cn-°p∂ Hcp cmjv{Sw bYm¿∞-Øn¬
AXn-s‚-Xs∂ tim`-\-amb `mhn-bn¬ \nt£-]n-°p-I-bmWv
sNøp-∂-Xv.15
c≠mw- `mKw
B[p-\nI IpSpw_w
t\cn-Sp∂ sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
1. IpSpw-_-Øns‚ LS-\bpw kpÿn-c-Xbpw
11) kotdm ae-_m¿ hnizm-kn-I-fn¬ _lp-`q-cn-]-£hpw
hnhm-l-sØbpw IpSpw-_-sØbpw Ipdn-®p≈ ItØm-en-°mk-`-bpsS {]t_m-[-\w, AXn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ krjvSn-]-c-amb
]≤- X n- b \p- k - c n- ® p≈ kv t \lhpw ]cn- ] m- e - \ bpw a\- nem°ns°m≠v, ]n≥Xm-ßp-Ibpw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw Pohn°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-cm-Wv. F∂n-cp-∂mepw hyXy-kvX-ß-fmb
A\m-tcm-Ky-{]-h-W-X-Iƒ Nne kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿ C∂p {]I-Sn∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. AXp IuZm-in-I-a-√mØ sshhm-ln-I-co-Xn-I-fnte°v Bfp-Isf \bn-°p-∂p. {]mtbm-Kn-Ia
- mbn hnhm-lß
- fpsS
XI¿®bv°pw IpSpw-_-Øns‚ hep-∏w Ipd-bp-∂-Xn\pw IpSpw_-ßf
- psS inYn-eo-Ic
- W
- Ø
- n\pw Hs° AXp- hgnsXfn-°p-∂p.
2014 HIvtSm-_¿ 5˛19 hsc IpSpw-_-sØ-°p-dn®v hØn-°m-\n¬
52
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
\S∂ Akm-[m-cW kn\Upw (AXp N¿®- sN-bvXXv \h-kphn-ti-jh
- X
- vIc
- W
- Ø
- ns‚ ]›m-Øe
- Ø
- n¬ IpSpw_w t\cn-Sp∂
AP-]m-e\ sh√p-hn-fnIƒ Bbn-cp-∂p), 2015 HIvtSm-_¿ 4
apX¬ 25 hsc \S∂ 14˛mw km-[m-cW kn\Upw (AXp N¿®
sNbvXXv IpSpw-_Ø
- ns‚ hnfnbpw ZuXyhpw k`-bnepw B[p\nI temI-Ønepw F∂ hnjbw Bbn-cp-∂p) IpSpw-_sØ
kw_-‘n-°p∂ At\Iw {]iv\-߃ Kuc-h-]q¿hw N¿®
sNbvXp. c≠p ktΩ-f\
- ß
- fnepw C∂sØ IpSpw-_ß
- ƒ t\cnSp∂ {]iv\-ß-fpsS apJy-Im-c-W-ambn Is≠-Øn-b-Xv, hnhm-lØn-s‚bpw IpSpw-_-Øn-s‚bpw `uXn-I-h-XvI-c-W-am-Wv.
kotdm ae-_m¿ ^manen IΩo-j≥ ASp-Ø-Im-e-Øv \SØnb Hcp ]T-\-Øns‚ ^ew \ΩpsS IÆp Xpd-∏n-°m≥
t]m∂-Xm-Wv. IpSpw-_Ø
- ns‚ LS-\s
- bbpw kpÿn-cX
- s
- bbpw
sh√p- h n- f n- ° p- ∂ Imcy- ß ƒ B ]T\w hy‡- a m- ° p∂p.
knhn¬]-ca
- mbn hnhm-lt- am-N\w t\Sp-∂h
- ¿, IqSn-Øm-ak
- n-°p∂-h¿, h‘y-X-bp-≈-h¿, Hcp ]¶m-fn-bpsS ac-Wtam hnhmltamN-\tam aqe-ap≈ GI-t]-c‚nwMv F∂nh h¿≤n-°p-∂p.
kotdm ae-_m¿ k`-bnse IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬ a°-fpsS kwJy
h√msX Ipd-bp-∂p-sh-∂Xv AkzÿXm-P-\-I-am-Wv. Ct∏mƒ
Xs∂ \mw hfsc \yq\-]-£-am-sW∂ Imcyw Hm¿°-Ww.
\s√mcp ]¶p Zº-Xn-Iƒ Ip´n-I-fm-Ip∂ ssZh-oIZm\w kzoIcn-°m≥ k∂≤X C√m-Ø-h-cmbn ImW-s∏-Sp-∂p. Ip´n-Isf
hf¿Øm-\p≈ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xzhpw Ah¿ Gs‰-Sp-°m≥ Xøm-dmIp-∂n-√. Ip´n-I-fpsS kwJy Ipd-bv°p∂ Cu ]pXnb {]h-WX-bpsS ^e-ambn At\Iw kotdm ae-_m¿ IpSpw-_-߃
A\yw \n∂p-t]m-Im-\p≈ km[y-X-bn-em-Wv.
12) \ΩpsS k`-bnse sNdp-∏-°m¿ hnhn[ aX-ß-fp-sSbpw
hnhn[ `uXn-I-kn-≤m-¥-ß-fp-sSbpw a’-c-ß-fpsS BtKm-f-hXvIrX ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv Pohn-°p-∂-Xv. hnhm-l-sØbpw
IpSpw-_-sØbpw Ipdn-®p≈ km[m-c-Whpw am\-Z-WvU-]-c-hpamb Bi-b-߃ \ΩpsS ImeØv Hcp \yqP-\-td-j-W¬ ]cnh¿Ø- \ - Ø n\v hnt[- b - a m- I p- I - b m- t Wm- s b∂v A¤pXs∏tS≠nbncn-°p-∂p. kotdm ae-_m¿k-`b
- n¬ \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂
53
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
amXr-Im-]c
- a
- mb s]cpam-‰w, kwkvImc-kº
- ∂
- a
- mb hy‡nXzw,
\∂mbn Hcp-ßn-bp≈ hnhm-lw, kt¥m-j-I-c-amb IpSpw-_w,
hnizm-kP
- o-hnXw F∂o Bi-bß
- ƒ I®-hS- h
- X
- vIc
- n-°s
- ∏-Sp∂
C∂sØ kmwkvIm-cnI Xe-ßf
- n¬ {]_-ea
- m-bn-cn-°p∂ Bflob-a√
- mØ {]h-WX
- I
- f
- n¬\n∂v kwc-£n-°s
- ∏-SW
- w. F∂mepw
k`-bpsS apºn-ep≈ {]mY-anI sh√p-hnfn Cu Xn∑-Iƒ s]cp∏n®p ImWn-°p-∂-Xn\pw \ΩpsS sNdp-∏-°m-cp-sSbpw IpSpw_-ßf
- p-sSbpw [m¿Ωn-Im-[x-]X
- \
- Ø
- n-s\-Xnsc t]mcm-Sp-∂X
- n\pw
]Icw \ΩpsS k`-bn¬ BZ¿i-]-c-ambn Pohn-°p∂ IpSpw-_ßsf AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw Ah-sc s]mXpk-aq-lØn\v ]cn-Nb-s∏-SpØp-Ibpw sNøpI F∂-Xm-Wv. AXp-t]mse At\Iw
{]Xn-⁄m-_-≤-cmb sNdp-∏-°mcpsS A\p-I-c-Wm¿l-ß-fmb
Pohn-Xß
- s
- fbpw \mw AwKo-Ic
- n-°p-Ibpw FSp-Øp-Im-´p-Ibpw
thWw. \mw an°-t∏mgpw hnf-I-fn-se-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ If-IfnemWv IqSp- X ¬ {i≤n- ° p- ∂ - X v . \mw Np‰pw- t \m- ° p- I bpw
Fßs\ \ne-߃ hnf-sh-Sp-∏n\p ]mI-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v
ImWp-Ibpw thWw (tbml 4:35).
2. kvt\lhpw sshIm-cn-I-]-Iz-Xbpw
13) Hcp bYm¿∞ ss{IkvX-h-Ip-Spw-_-Øns‚ A\-\y-amb
ap{Z A\-¥-amb kvt\l-Øn-s‚bpw B¿{Z-X-bp-sSbpw A\p`-h-am-Wv. an° kotdm ae-_m¿ IpSpw-_-ßfpw ssZh-Øns‚
Icp-Wm¿{Z-kvt\-l-Øn\v km£yw-h-ln-°p-∂-h-cm-Wv. `mcym`¿Ør-_‘
- Ø
- nepw amXm-]n-Xm-°fpw a°fpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘Ønepw hey-∏-t\mSpw hey-Ω-tbm-Sp-ap≈ _‘-Øn-ep-sa√mw
AXv Ah¿ kt¥m-j-]q¿hw {]I-S-am-°p-∂p. ]mc-kv]cyw
Fßpw Zriy-am-Wv. IpSpw-_-Ønse _e-lo-\-cmbhtcmSv ˛
tcmKn-Iƒ, IgnhpIpd-™-h¿, `n∂-ti-jn-°m¿, {]mb-am-b-h¿
˛ IqSp-X¬ kvt\lhpw {]tXyI {i≤bpw ImWn-°p-∂p. F∂ncp-∂m-epw, sshb-‡n-Ihpw kmaq-ln-Ihpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-hpamb hyXykvX Imc-W-ß-fm¬ B[p\nI IpSpw-_-Øn¬
kvt\l-Øn\p `wKw D≠m-Ip-∂p-≠v. kvt\l-Øn¬ {Ia-ambn
hf-cp-∂-Xn\p ]Icw ]c-kv]c kvt\lhpw {i≤bpw kmh[m\w \jvSa
- m-Ip-∂ A\p-`h
- w Nne Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v C∂p-≠v. Xß54
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
fpsS a°-fp-ambn KpW-]c
- a
- mb kabw Is≠-Øm≥ Ign-bmØ
amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cp-ap-≠v. amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS kvt\lØn\pw
Dujva-f-X-bv°pw-th≠n Zmln-°p∂ At\Iw Ip´n-Iƒ C∂p≠v. Xß-fpsS a°-fpsS hnhm-l-Øn-\p-tijw Ahsc ]q¿Wambn \jvS-am-Ip∂ amXm-]n-Xm-°∑m-cp-ap-≠v. a°-fn¬\n∂pw
t]c-°n-Sm-ßf
- n¬ \n∂pw th≠{X kvt\lhpw [mc-Wbpw In´mØ-Xp-sIm≠v hm¿≤Iyw t¢i-]q¿W-am-bn-cn-°p∂ hey-∏-∑mcp-sSbpw hey-Ω-am-cp-sSbpw kwJybpw C∂v Gsd-bm-Wv. GIt]-c‚ v IpSpw-_-ßfpw H‰-Ip-´n-bp≈ IpSpw-_-ßfpw imco-cnI-ambn `n∂-ti-jn-bp-≈-hcpw amc-I-tcm-Kn-Ifpw ]e-X-c-Øn¬
Zpcn-Xa
- \
- p-`h
- n-°p-∂h
- cpw AS-ßp∂ IpSpw-_ß
- fpw \ΩpsS k`bn¬ \ma-am-{X-a-√. Ah-cn¬ ]e¿°pw th≠{X {i≤bpw
kvt\lhpw e`n-°p-∂n-s√-∂Xv Hcp kXy-am-Wv. kXy-Øn¬
IpSpw-_-Ønse F√m-hcpw, {]tXyIn®v _e-lo-\cpw Ignhp
Ipd-™-h-sc∂p tXm∂p-∂-hcpw, ]c-kv]-c-Zm-\-ß-fm-sW∂
Imcyw \mw ad-°-cp-Xv. Dt]-£n-°-s∏-´-hcpw tcmKn-Ifpw hr≤cp-amb At\-Isc ZsØ-Sp-°p∂hcpw kwc-£n-°p∂hcp-amb
[mcmfw amXr-ImIpSpw-_-߃ \ΩpsS k`-bn-ep-s≠-∂Xv
kvXpXy¿l-am-Wv. F∂m¬, Bh-iy-Øn\p kmº-Øn-I-˛-am-\pjnI t{kmX- k p- I - f n- √ m- Ø - X n- \ m¬ Nne IpSpw- _ - ß ƒ°v
Zp¿_esc Xß-fpsS IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬ th≠-hn[w kwc-£n°m≥ Ign-bp-∂n-s√-∂Xpw kXy-am-Wv. CØcw kml-N-cy-ßfn¬ {]mtZ-inI CS-h-I-Ifpw k∂y-kvXtcm Aevam-btcm \SØp∂ D]hn ÿm]-\-ßfpw B IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS klm-bØn\v FØWw.
14) Bcpw kzbw IpSpw_w Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂n-√. F√m-hcpw
Hcp IpSpw-_-Øn¬ h∂p]nd-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂-Xv. IpSpw-_Ønse Hmtcm AwK-sØbpw IpSpw-_sØ apgp-h-\mbpw \√h-\mb ssZh-Øn¬\n∂v Ft∂-°p-ambn \evI-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂
Zm\-am-bn-°≠v \μn-tbmSpw kvt\l-tØmSpw IqsS kzoI-cn°p-Ibpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw thWw. AXv IpSpw-_-Øn¬
Dujva-fhpw kvt\l-]q¿W-hp-amb Pohn-X-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\-am-Wv; t\cn-´p≈ e£y-t_m-[-hp-am-Wv. \ΩpsS hnizm-k55
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
Øns‚ sshIm-cnI ]pjv]n°¬ \ap°p ssZh-hp-ambn BgØn-ep≈ `‡n-]c
- a
- mb Hcp _‘w \evIp-∂Xp t]mse, IpSpw_mw-K-ß-fpsS sshIm-cnI Pohn-X-Øns‚ KpWw IpSpw-_Ønse kvt\l-Øns‚ i‡n \n¿W-bn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬,
bYm¿∞ sshIm- c n- I - ] - I zX {]m]n- ° ¬ IpSpw- _ - Ø n¬
kvt\lw cq]-h-XvI-cn-°p-∂-Xn-te-°p≈ Xmt°m¬ BWv.
IpSpw-_-Øns‚ hyXn-cn-‡-amb B[ym-fln-I-X-sb-°p-dn®pw
IpSpw-_-Øns‚ a\x-im-kv{X-sØ°pdn-®p-ap≈ Adnhv hfsc
{][m-\-s∏´ Imcy-am-Wv. kvt\l-sØbpw sshIm-cn-I-]-Iz-Xsbbpw Ipdn-®p≈ ItØm-en-°m [m-cW ssIam-dp-∂X
- n\v AXv
Bh-iy-am-Wv. IpSpw-_]
- c
- a
- mb kvt\l-Øn-te°pw sshb-‡nI-]-Iz-X-bn-te°pw hf-cp-∂-Xn¬\n∂v Xß-fpsS a°sf XS- s∏-Sp-Øp∂ kmwkvIm-cnI {]h-WX
- I
- sf k`bv°v I≠n-s√∂p
\Sn-°m-\m-hn√. Ccp-]-Øn-\mev aWn-°qdpw kn\n-abpw kocnb-ep-Ifpw AXp-t]m-ep≈ t{]m{Km-ap-Ifpw \evIp∂ Sn.-hn. Nm\ep-If
- psS hnth-N\
- b
- n-√mØ hcn°m-cm-I¬, C‚¿s\-‰n-s‚bpw
samss_¬t^m-Wp-If
- p-sSbpw Zpcp-]t- bmKw F∂nh Ip´n-Isf
Ah-cpsS kvt\l-ssew-Kn-I-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ {]mcw-`-Z-i-bn¬
am{Xw \ne-\n-ev°mt\ CS-bm-°q. IqSmsX Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_k-a-b-߃ {]tXy-In®v H∂n-®p-h-cm\pw kwkm-cn-°m\pw ]ckv]cw {ihn-°m-\p-ap≈ kabw FSp-Øp-If
- b
- p-Ibpw sNøpw.
3. kmaq-ln-Ihpw kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw kmº-Øn-Ihpw
]cn-ÿn-Xn-]-c-hp-amb sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
15) B[p-\n-I-k-aqlw hnhn-[-Xcw ]pXnb {]h-W-X-I-fm¬
khn-ti-j-am-°-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. Hmtcm CS-h-Ibpw, AXp {KmaØntem ]´-W-Øntem D≈-Xm-Is´, AXv a‰v CS-h-I-I-fn¬
\n∂pw Xptemw hyXykvX kz`m-ha
- p-≈X
- m-Wv. CS-hI
- I
- ƒ am{Xa-√, IpSpw-_ß
- fpw hyXykvX kz`m-hw- D≈-hb
- m-Wv. IqSmsX,
Hmtcm IpSpw-_-Øn-sebpw AwK-ßfpw hyXy-kvX-˛-km-aq-ln-I˛-kmw-kvIm-cnI {]h-WX
- I
- ƒ {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂p. Ahbv°v \ΩpsS
IpSpw-_-ß-fn¬ `mhm-fl-Ihpw \ntj-[m-fl-I-hp-amb kzm[o-\߃ D≠v.
56
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
16) Nne ImX-emb sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ: Nne `mhm-flI sh√phn-fn-Iƒ Chbm-Wv; hnZym-`ym-k]
- c
- hpw sXmgn¬]-ch
- p-amb Ahk-c-ß-fpsS Xpey-X, kv{XoI-fp-sSbpw Ip´n-I-fp-sSbpw Ah-Imi-ß-fpsS AwKo-Im-cw, F√m Xe-ß-fnepw ]¶m-fn-Ø-]-c-amb
Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°-ens‚ hym]-I-amb hne-a-Xn-°¬... \ΩpsS
Ime-L-´-Ønse CØcw bYm¿∞-amb kmaq-ln-I-˛-kmw-kvImcnI am‰-߃°\p-k-cn®v IpSpw-_-߃ ]p\x-{I-ao-I-cn-°m≥
Xøm-dm-IpI Bh-iy-am-Wv.
adp-h-iØv \mw {i≤n-t°≠ Nne \ntj-[m-flI sh√p-hnfn-I-fp-ap-≠v. hy‡n-K-X-hm-Zhpw D]-t`m-K-kw-kvIm-chpw c≠v
ASn-ÿm\ sh√p-hn-fn-If
- m-Wv. Ah hyXykvX cq]-߃ kzoIcn-°mw. hy‡n-KX
- h
- mZw kºq¿W-amb kzbw-]c
- ym-]vXX
- b
- psS
k¶-ev]a
- mWv P
- o-hn-°p-∂X
- v. ]c-aa
- mb sshb-‡nImh-Im-iß
- fpsSbpw kmº-ØnI kzmX-{¥y-Øn-s‚bpw B[p-\nI Bi-bß-fm¬ AXv ]n≥Xm-ß-s∏-Sp-Ibpw D÷z-en∏n°s∏-Sp-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p. IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-fpsS CS-bn-ep≈ Bi-b-hn-\n-a-b-an√m-bva, Zº-Xn-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈ KmV-A-Sp-∏-Øns‚ \jvSw, a‰p
IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-fpsS CS-s]-S¬ H´pw-]m-Sn-s√∂ kzIm-cy-X-sb°p-dn-®p≈ hnI-e-amb [mcW, am\p-jnI ssewKn-IX s]mXphn¬ IpSpw-_-Øn¬ \n∂pw {]tXyIw {]P-\-\-Øn¬ \n∂pw
th¿s]-Spج (AXv Hcp hy‡n-bpsS ssewKn-I-Xsb Dt±in-°-s∏-SmØ Imcy-߃°mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°m-\n-S-bm-°p-∂p),
Hcm-fpsS kmº-Øn-Ihpw am\p-jn-I-hp-amb t{kmX-kp-I-fpsS
Zpcp-]-tbmKw XpS-ßn-bh IpSpw-_-ß-fnse {]iv\Ic-amb
hy‡n-K-X-hm-Z-Øns‚ Nne cq]-ß-fm-Wv.
Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw Hcp D]-t`m-‡m-hm-Wv. ssZhw Xs‚ ]cn]m- e - \ - b m¬ \ap°p \ev I n- b n- ´ p- ≈ `qan- b nse At\Iw
\∑Ifpw tkh-\-ßfpw \ap°v \μn-]q¿hw kz¥-am-°p-Ibpw
D]-tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNømw. F∂m¬, hkvXp-°f
- p-sSbpw tkh\-ßf
- p-sSbpw hnthN\m]q¿h-a√
- mØ B¿÷\w D]-t`m-Kk
- wkvImcw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-∂p. AXv FXn¿°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-Wv.
D]-t`m-K-kw-kvImcw ]W-Øns‚ \ncp-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xz-]-c-amb D]tbmKw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p. AXv hen-s®-dn-b¬ kwkvIm-c-Øn\p
57
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
hgn-sbm-cp-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬ Hmtcm IpSpw-_Ø
- n-s‚bpw apºnep≈ sh√p-hnfn Xs‚ apºn-ep≈ \ymb-a-√mØ D]-t`m‡r
s]cp-am-‰-ßsf Is≠-Øp-Ibpw Ah Xncp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpI
F∂Xm-Wv. Fs¥-∂m¬, Ah a‰p IpSpw-_-߃°p {]tXyIn®v Zcn-{Z¿°v Xpey-amb Ah-kc
- ß
- ƒ \ntj-[n-°p-∂p; cmjv{Sd-h-\yq-hn\pw ]cn-ÿn-Xn-{I-a-Øns‚ icn-bmb {]h¿Ø-\Øn\pw AXp XS- -am-Ip-∂p.
17) {]tXyI {]iv\-߃: CXn\pw ]pdta IpSpw_w C∂p
t\cn-Sp∂ a‰-t\Iw kmaq-ln-Ihpw aX-]-chpw kmwkvIm-cn-Ihp-amb sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ D-≠v: (1) hyXykvX Imc-Wß
- f
- m¬ an{i˛-kn-hn¬ hnhm-l-ß-fpsS kwJy kmh-[m-\-sa-¶nepw h¿≤n°p-∂p. IuZm-inI ^e-Zm-bI
- X
- z-sØ-°mƒ {]mtbm-KnI kuIcy-߃°v {]mapJyw \evIp∂ ss{IkvX-h-cp-≠v. Ah-k-c-]-camb Imc-W-߃, `mhm-fl-I-^-e-߃, A¥¿lnX kμn-≤m-hÿ, aX-]-c-amb A\-\y-X-bpsS {]iv\-߃ XpS-ßn-bh an{i˛-kn-hn¬]-c-amb hnhm-l-ßsf Np‰n-∏-‰n-bp-≠v. Cu hkvXpXIƒ ]Tn-°p-Ibpw kXy-k-‘-ambn hne-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw
thWw. (2) ]e Imc-W-ß-fm¬ IqSp-X¬ IqSp-X¬ IpSpw-_߃ \yp¢n-b¿ BbnsIm≠ncn°p∂p. IpSpw-_-Øns‚ hep∏-Øn\v IpSpw-_-Øns‚ ÿnc-X, Ip´n-I-fpsS am\p-jnI ]cnio-e-\w, IpSpw-_-Øns‚ kmº-Øn-I-i‡n F∂n-h-bp-sS-ta¬
kzm[o-\a
- p-s≠∂v A\p-`hw \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-°p∂ Imcy-am-Wv. (3)
hnhmlw Xma-kn-∏n°pItbm hnhn[ Imc-Wß
- f
- m¬ hnhmlw
Hgn-hm-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-h-cpsS kwJy h¿≤n-°p-∂p. hnizmk-an-√m-bva, IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Øn-te-°p≈ hnfn-bpsS hyXn-cn‡X-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Ah-t_m-[a
- n-√m-bva, amXm-]n-Xm-°∑mcpsS
hnhm-l-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ \ntj[m-flI amXr-I ˛ AXm-b-Xv, ]ckv]cw kvt\l-an-√m-bva, Km¿ln-I-]o-U-\w, ]c-kv]-c-h-©\
F∂nh DZm-l-c-W-߃ ˛ DNn-X-amb ]¶m-fn°p th≠n-bp≈
Atß-b‰w \nin-X-amb At\z-j-Ww, sP≥U¿ ]¶n-s\-°p-dn®p≈ kμn-≤m-hÿ F∂n-h-sbms° Cu ]pXnb kmwkvImcnI {]h-W-X-bv°p≈ Nne Imc-W-ß-fm-Wv. (4) Nne Bk‡n-Iƒ IpSpw-_-Po-hn-XsØ t¢i-I-chpw `wKp-chpw B°p58
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
∂p. Hmtcm Bk-‡nbpw IpSpw-_P
- o-hn-XØ
- n¬\n∂v F¥v \in∏n-°p∂p F∂-Xns\ B{i-bn®v hnhn[ A-f-hp-I-fn¬ AXv
A\p-`h
- s
- ∏-Sp-∂p. a\x-im-kv{X-]c
- hpw Bflo-bh
- p-amb NnIn-’I-fmepw kl-K-a-\-Ømepw Bk-‡n-Isf AXn-Po-hn-°m-hp-∂Xm-Wv. ]pI-h-en, aZyw, ab-°p-a-cp-∂v, NqXp-I-f-n, t]m¿tWm-{K^n, kmaq-ln-I-s\-‰p-h¿°p-Iƒ, Sn.-hn. kocn-b-ep-Iƒ F∂n-hbpsS D]-tbmKw, XpS-ßn-bh ASn-b-¥n-c-{i≤ Bh-iy-ap≈
Nne Bk-‡n-I-fm-Wv.
18) At\Iw IpSpw-_-߃ a\p-jy-XzsØ C√m-Xm-°p∂
Zmcn{Zyw sIm≠v hnj-an-°p-∂p-≠v. At\Iw Imc-Wß
- ƒ AXn\p-≠v. Zmcn-{Zy-Øn\p Xs∂ ]e apJ-ßfp-ap≠v. kmº-Øn-Iambn ]nt∂m°w \nev°p∂ IpSpw-_-ß-fp≠v. Bflob Zmcn{Zy-Øn¬ Pohn-°p∂ IpSpw-_ß
- f
- p-≠v, _u≤nI Zmcn-{Zy-Øm¬
thZ-\n-°p∂ IpSpw-_ß
- f
- p-ap-≠v. Cu _lp-apJ Zmcn-{Zy-Øns‚
Ah-ÿ-Isf D∑q-e\w sNøm-\p≈ {ia-ßfpw Zcn-{Z-tcm-Sp≈
henb A\p-I-ºbpw ss{IkvX-h-Ip-Spw-_-ß-fpsS kzm`m-hn-Iamb apJ-e£
- W
- a
- m-IW
- w. {^m≥kokv ]m∏m hy‡-ambn FSpØp-Im-´n-bn-cn-°p-∂X
- p-t]mse \ΩpsS ImeØv Zcn-{Z-cpsS tcmZ\hpw `qan-bpsS tcmZ\hpw _‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. ]m∏m ]d-bp∂p: ""{ZpX-KX
- n-bn-ep≈ am‰hpw A[x-]X
- \
- hpw ImcWw Imcy߃ Hcp XI¿®-bn¬ FØn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xns‚ AS-bm-f-߃
\ap-°n-t∏mƒ Im-Wm-\m-hpw. h≥tXm-Xn-ep≈ kzm`m-hn-I-Zp-c¥-ß-fnepw kmaq-ln-I-˛-km-º-ØnI kwL¿j-ß-fnepw Ch
hy‡-amWv.''16
aq∂mw- `mKw
C∂v IpSpw-_-sØ KpWkº-∂-am-°m-\p≈
{]mtbm-KnI hgn-Iƒ
1. IpSpw-_-Øns‚ kphn-tijw {]Jym-]n-°¬
19) apI-fn¬ kqNn-∏n® IpSpw-_-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ sa{Xm-∑mcpsS kn\-Up-Iƒ, 2014˛epw 2015-˛epw tdman¬ \S-∂-h, IpSpw_-Øns‚ kphn-tijw ]p\ÿm]n-°m\pw B Dd-∏m¿∂ ASn59
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
ÿm-\-Øn-t∑¬ IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS sh√p-hn-fn-Isf A`n-ap-Jo-Icn-°phm\pw {ian-®p. kphn-ti-j{- ]-kw-Kß
- fn--eq-sSbpw aX-t_m[-\-Øn-eq-sSbpw a‰v HutZym-Kn-Ihpw A\u-tZym-Kn-I-hp-amb
am¿K- ß - f n- e q- s Sbpw IpSpw- _ - Ø ns‚ t{ijv T - a mb ssZhimkv{Xw Hmtcm {]mtZ-inI k`bpw ]Tn-∏n-°-Ww. ItØm-en°m-k-`-bpsS aX-t_m-[-\-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ kw£n-]vX-ambn ]Tn∏n®n-´p-≈-Xp-t]mse IpSpw-_-Øns‚ ssZh-imkv{Xw AXns‚
ASn-ÿm-\-kz-`m-h-tØmSpw ss{IkvXh -X-\n-a-tbmSpw t\cn´p≈ kqN-\-tbmsS k` ]Tn-∏n-°-Ww. kv{Xosbbpw ]pcp-js\bpw krjvSn-®p-sIm≠v ssZh-amWv am\p-jnI IpSpw-_sØ
ÿm-]n-®-Xv. AXns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-\n-baw \evIn-bXpw ssZh-amWv. IpSpw-_-Ønse AwK-߃ al-Øz-Øn¬ Xpey-hy-‡n-Ifm-Wv. k`m-flI
- k
- w-k¿K-Øns‚ {]tXyI shfn-]mSpw km£mXvIm-c-hp-am-Ip-tºmƒ IpSpw_w kz`m-h-\p-k-tcW ss{IkvXh-am-Ip-∂p; Km¿ln-Ik
- `- b
- m-Ip-∂p. Hmtcm IpSpw-_hpw AXnse
Ip´n-I-fpsS {]P-\-\-Ønepw hnZym-`ym-k-Ønepw ]¶p-tN-cptºmƒ AXp ""]nXm-hns‚ krjvS-{]-h¿Ø\w {]Xn-^-en-∏n°pIbmWv sNøp-∂Xv'' F∂pw ""Hmtcm IpSpw-_hpw CutimbpsS {]m¿∞-\-bnepw _en-bnepw ]¶p-tN-cp-hm-\mWv hnfn-°s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv''17 F∂pw k` IpSpw-_-ßsf Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°-Ww.
20) t{]m˛-sse^v at\m-`m-h-ßfpw {]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw: a°fpsS kwJy h¿≤n-∏n-°p-IbmWv Ipd-bv°p-Ib
- √ th≠-sX∂v
AP-]m-e-I¿ Zº-Xn-Isf D]-tZ-in-°Ww (Psd 29:6). K¿`-—n-{Z\n-ba
- ß
- ƒ Hcp a\- m-£n-°S- nbpw C√msX DZm-ch
- X
- vIc
- n-°p∂
kmaq-lnI-˛-cm-jv{Sob ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ k` h¿≤n® i‡ntbmsS K¿`-[m-cW
- \
- n-anjw apX¬ kzm`m-hn-IA
- ¥yw hsc-bp≈
a\p-jy-Po-hs‚ Aew-L\
- o-ba
- mb aqeyw {]Jym-]n-t°-≠X
- p-≠v.
k` ]q¿W-lr-Z-b-tØmsS Poh\pw IpSpw-_-Øn\pw th≠nbp≈ DZy-a-ßsf ˛ K¿`-—n{Zw Ah-km-\n-∏n-°m\pw IpSpw-_Øns‚ hep∏w h¿≤n∏n°m\pw Poh-t\m-Sp≈ BZcw ]p\-cp≤-cn-°m-\p-ap≈ DZy-a-ßsf ˛ ]n≥Xm-ß-Ww. IpSpw-_-Øns‚
kphn-tijw {]kw-Kn-°p∂ k` AXn-eqsS Ah-fpsS t{]m˛B-Iv‰ohv ZuXyhpw \n¿h-ln-°p-IbmWv sNøp∂sX∂v A¿∞60
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
am-°p-∂p-≠v. AXn¬ H∂v, amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ°p Xß-fpsS
a°sf hf¿Øp-∂-Xn-ep≈ kaq¿Ø-amb amXr-]n-XrXztØmSv A\p-_-‘n-®p≈ kmaq-ln-I-˛-km-º-Øn-I, Bflob _p≤nap-´p-Isf AXn-Po-hn-°m≥ Ahsc klm-bn-°p-I-bm-Wv. c≠v,
Iuam-c°
- m¿, bph-P\
- ß
- ƒ F∂n-hsc Ah-cpsS Pohn-XØ
- nse
hf¿®m-L´- ß
- f
- n¬ hy‡n-hX
- vIc
- n-°s
- ∏´ AP-]m-e\ t{]m{Kmap-I-fn-eqsS kl-K-an-°p-∂-XpamWv.
21) IpSpw-_-{]m¿∞\: A\p-Zn\ IpSpw-_-{]m¿∞-\-bpsS
]Xnhpw ssZh-hN
- \
- h
- m-b\
- bpw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°W
- w. F∂m¬,
]´-W-ß-fn-sebpw {]hm-kn-IfpsSbpw IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS hyXncn-‡-amb {]tXy-I-X-Iƒ ]cn-K-Wn-®p-sIm≠v Hmtcm kμ¿`Øn\pw tN¿∂ hn[-Øn¬ IpSpw_ B[ym-flnIX hnI-kn-∏n°m≥ AP-]m-e-I¿ hnizm-kn-Isf klm-bn-°m≥ Xøm-dm-IWw. an{i-hn-hm-lnX¿, hnhmlw tamNn-∏n-°-s∏´h¿, ho≠pw
hnhmlw sNbvXh-¿ F∂nhcpsS IpSpw-_-ß-ƒ°v IqSp-X¬
AP-]m-e-\-{i≤ Bhiyam-Wv.
22) a°-fpsS ISa: ss{IkvXh
- I
- p-Spw-_Ø
- n¬ Ip´n-Iƒ°pw
amXm-]n-Xm-°∑
- m¿°p-ap≈ IS-aI
- s
- f-°p-dn®v k` ]Tn-∏n-°W
- w.
A∏-t\mSpw AΩ-tbmSpw Ip´n-Iƒ _lp-am\w ImWn-°-W-sa∂Xv ssZh-Øns‚ Iev]\ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp∂ Imcy-amWv (]pd
20:12). a°ƒ°- S pØ _lp- a m\w Pohs‚ Zm\- Ø mepw
kvt\lw, A[zm\w F∂nh hgn a°sf temI-Øn-te°p
sIm≠p-h-cn-Ibpw {]mb-Ønepw hn⁄m-\-Ønepw Ir]-bnepw
hf-cm≥ klm-bn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h-tcm-Sp≈ \μn-bn¬\n∂v
hcp-∂-Xm-Wv ({]`m 7:27-28).18 hnt[-b-Xzhpw A\p-k-c-Wbpw
a°ƒ°-SpØ BZ-chns‚ AS-bm-f-ß-fm-Wv. apXn¿∂ a°ƒ
Xß-fpsS amXm-]n-Xm-°∑m¿°v `uXn-Ihpw [m¿Ωn-Ihpamb
klmbw hm¿[-Iy-Ønepw Zpcn-X-Ønepw tcmK-Ønepw GIm¥-X-bnepw \evIn-s°m≠v a°ƒ°-SpØ BZchv {]Im-in-∏n°Ww.19 IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ Xmfm-fl-I-Xbpw kvt\lhpw
hf¿Øp-∂X
- n¬ amXm-]n-Xm-°t- fmSpw hey-∏t- \mSpw hey-Ωt- bmSp-ap≈ _lp-am-\-Øn\pw \μn°pw henb ]¶p-≠v.
61
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
23) amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS ISa: ss{IkvXh amXm-]n-Xm°∑mcpsS {][m-\-s∏´ IS-a-I-sf-°p-dn®v hy‡-amb am¿K\n¿t±-iß
- ƒ k` \evIn-s°m-≠m-Wncn-°p-∂X
- v. t]c‚nwKv Kuch-]q¿W-amb sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ t\cn-Sp∂ C∂v B IS-a-Iƒ
C\nbpw Du∂n-∏-d-b-Ww. ss{IkvXh amXm-]n-Xm-°∑mcpsS
G‰hpw {][m-\-s∏´ IS-a-Iƒ Xmsg tN¿°p∂p:
1. ssZhØns‚ \nbaw \nd-th-‰m≥ DXIp∂ hnZym-`ymkw
a°ƒ°p \evIp-I.
2. a°-fpsS imco-cn-Ihpw am\- n-Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb
Imcy-߃°p Bh-iy-ap≈Xv \evIp-I.
3. B¿{Z-X, £a, _lp-am-\w, hniz-kvXX
- , \nkzm¿∞-tkh\w F∂n-hb-p≈ IpSpw_w krjvSn°pI.
4. ss{IkvXh A[ym-]-I-sc∂ \ne-bnep≈ Xß-fpsS
ZuXyw \n¿h-ln-°m≥ amXm-]n-Xm-°∑msc G‰hpw \∂mbn
klm-bn-°p∂ kvIqfp-Iƒ Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-I.
5. _p≤n- b p- s Sbpw kzmX- { ¥y- Ø n- s ‚bpw icn- b mb
hf¿®bv°pw D]-tbm-KØ
- n\pw D]-Ic
- n-°Ø
- °
- h
- n-[Ø
- n¬ Ip´nIsf hnZym-`ymkw sNøn-°p-I.
6. `uXn-Ihpw tNmZ-\-]-c-hp-amb am\-ßsf B¥-cn-Ihpw
Bflo-b-hp-am-b-hbv°p hnt[-b-am-°m≥ Ip´n-Isf ]Tn-∏n-°pI.
7. Ip´n-Isf kphn-ti-j-h-XvI-cn-°p-Ibpw k`m-Po-hn-X-hpambn _‘-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøp-I.
8. {]mtZ-in-Ihpw hnim-e-hp-amb kaq-l-Øn¬ s]mXp
DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-߃ Gs‰-Sp-°m≥ t{]cn-∏n-°p-I.
9. a°sf kpIr- X - ß - f n¬ hnZym- ` ymkw sNøn- ° p- I .
AXn\p \o≠p-\n-ev°p∂ A`y-k-\hpw Bfl-Xym-Khpw icnbmb hne-bn-cp-Øepw Bfl-hn-P-bhpw Bh-iy-amsW∂v
Hm¿°-Ww.
10. Ip´n-Iƒ Bflm¿∞-ambn Xnc-s™-Sp-°p∂ sXmgn-ens\bpw Pohn-Xm-h-ÿ-sbbpw BZ-cn-°p-I. ]utcm-ln-Xy-Po-hn62
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
X-Øn-te-°pw k∂ykvX Pohn-X-Øn-te-°pw D≈ a°-fpsS
ssZh-hn-fnsb {]tXyIw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°pI.20
ss{IkvXh amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m¿°v enkyp-hnse hnip≤
sIm®p-t{X-kym-bpsS amXm-]n-Xm-°fmb hnip≤ fqbn am¿´o\n¬ \n∂pw (1823-˛1894) hnip≤ sken-sKz-cn-\n¬ \n∂pw (1831˛1877) ]Tn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-Wv. Ah¿ Zmº-Xy-˛-Ip-Spw_ B[ym-flnI-Xbv°pw ss{IkvX-h-t]-c‚nw-Mn\pw Akm-[m-cW km£yw
\¬In-bhcm-Wv. k¿thm-]cn hnip≤ Nmhd Ipcym-t°mkv
Gen-bm-k-®≥ IpSpw-_-߃°p \evInb hn⁄m-\-{]-Z-amb
D]-tZ-i-߃ {i≤m-]q¿hw ]Tn-°p-∂-Xn\v ss{IkvX-h-Ip-Spw_-߃ Xøm-dm-I-Ww. amXrIm IpSpw-_-ßsf AwKo-I-cn-°pIbpw ss{IkvX-h-{]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-fn-eqsS Adn-bn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂Xv ]tcm-£s
- a-¶nepw ss{IkvXh
- I
- p-Spw-_Ø
- ns‚ kphntijw {]Jym-]n-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈ ^e-{]-Z-amb am¿Kam-Wv.
24) IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS k`m-fl-I-hnfn: hnhm-l-Øn-eq-sSbpw
IpSpw-_-Øn-eq-sSbpw a\p-jy-hy‡n am\p-jnI IpSpw-_-Ønte°pw ssZhnI IpSpw-_-amb k`-bn-te°pw {]th-in-°p-∂p.
IpSpw-_-Øns‚ kØbpw ZuXyhpw kvt\lw kwc-£n-°pI, shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-I, ssIam-dpI F∂-Xm-Wv. IpSpw_w Cu
ZuXyw \mev coXn- b n¬ \n¿h- l n- ° p- ∂ p- s h∂v hnip≤
tPm¨t]mƒ c≠m-a≥ ]m∏m hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. 1) hy‡nI-fpsS Iq´mbva cq]o-I-cn-°pI, 2) Poh\p ip{iqj sNøp-I,
3) kaq-l-Øns‚ ]ptcm-K-Xn-bn¬ ]¶p-tN-cp-I, 4) k`-bpsS
Poh-\nepw ZuXy-Ønepw ]¶p-tN-cp-I.
2. IpSpw-_-ß-sfbpw bph-Z-º-Xn-I-sfbpw kl-K-an-°¬
25) IpSpw- _ - Ø ns‚ kphn- t ijw {]kw- K n- ° p- I bpw
ss{IkvXh
- h
- n-hm-lsØ hf¿Øp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmgpw apdn-th‰
IpSpw-_ß
- s
- fbpw IpSpw_w sI´n-∏S- p-°m≥ Bcw-`n-°p∂ bphZ-ºX
- n-Is
- fbpw AP-]m-e\
- ]
- c
- a
- mbn kl-Ka
- n-°p-Ibpw t{]m’mln-∏n-°p-Ibpw thWw. IqsS-°q-sS-bp≈ IpSpw-_k
- μ
- ¿i-\hpw
IpSpw_w Bio¿h-Zn-°epw CS-hI sshZn-I-cpsS ip{iq-jm]-c-amb B[ym-fln-I-X-bpsS ^e-{]-Z-ß-fmb c≠p hi-ß
63
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
-fm-Wv. AP-]m-e-\-]-c-amb kl-K-a-\-Øns‚ ^e-{]-Z-amb coXnI-fmbn Ah XpS-cp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. Cu ]c-º-cm-K-X-amb
coXn°p ]pd-ta, k∂ykvX ktlm-Z-cn-am¿ IpSpw_ Iu¨ken-Mn-s‚bpw tlmwan-j-s‚bpw coXn-Iƒ C∂v At\Iw cq]-XI-fn¬ \∂mbn \S-Øp-∂p-≠v.
apdn-th‰ IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS {]iv\-ßfpw bph-Z-º-Xn-I-fpsS
Bh-iy-ßfpw hyXy-kvX-ß-fm-Wv. AXn-\m¬, hy‡n-K-X-tIkp-Iƒ°p {i≤ sImSp-°p∂ IpSpw-_-Iu¨k-enMv \ΩpsS
Ime-L´- Ø
- n¬ IpSpw-_ß
- f
- psS {]tXyI kl-Ka
- \
- Ø
- ns‚ DNnX-h-gn-bm-bn-cn-°pw. Xß-sf--Ø-s∂bpw A]-c-s\bpw a\- n-em°m\pw kzoI-cn-°m\pw CXp Zº-Xn-Isf klm-bn-°pw. sshImcnI sI´p-Isf Agn-°m\pw XpS¿∂v BgØn-ep≈ kwXr]v X nbpw sshIm- c n- I - _ - ‘ hpw t\Sp- ∂ - X n- \ mbn H∂n®p
{]h¿Øn-°m\pw IpSpw-_-Iu¨kn-enMv Zº-Xn-I-sf -k-lm-bn°pw. AXp-am-{X-a-√, hnizm-kw, k`m-flI in£Ww, B[ymfln-IX
- , ssewKn-IX
- , h‘yX F∂n-hbpw Ch-tbm-sS√mw _‘s∏´ Bg-am¿∂ {]iv\-ßfpw Is≠-Øm\pw Chbv°v DØ-c߃ Is≠-Øm≥ Ign-bp∂ icn-bmb CSß-fn-te°p Zº-XnI-sf \bn-°m\pw IpSpw-_-Iu¨k-enMv D]-Icn°pw. Npcpßnb ]£w Hcp ^manen Iu¨k-enMv sk‚¿ F¶nepw cq]X-bnse Hmtcm s^mtdm-\-bnepw D≠m-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv A`n-Im-ayam-Wv.
Nne ÿe-ß-fn¬ CS-h-I-Iƒ ]e IpSpw-_m-Nm-c-ßfpw
Gs‰-SpØp \S-Øp-∂X
- mbn tXm∂p-∂p. Ah CS-hI
- X
- e
- Ø
- n¬
BtLm-jn-°p-∂p. AXp-hgn IpSpw-_-߃°v Ah-bpsS ]cº-cm-KX IpSpw-_m-tLm-jß
- ƒ C√m-Xm-Ip-∂p. s]klm A∏wap-dn-°¬ Nne CS-h-I-I-fn¬ IpSpw-_-bq-Wn‰v sk≥{S¬ IΩn‰n-bpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂Xv Hcp DZm-l-c-W-amWv. Km¿ln-I-k-`-Iƒ CS-h-I-]-≈n-I-fn¬ e-bn-∏n-°p-∂Xv A`nIm-ay-a-√, A\p-h-Zn-°m-hp-∂-Xpa-√. IpSpw-_-߃ Ah-bpsS
A\-\y-Xbpw \n¿h-l-W-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-Xbpw CS-h-Im-Xe-Øn-ep≈ BtLm-j-ßfn¬ \jvS-s∏-Sp-Ø-cp-Xv. CS-h-I-X-eØn-ep≈ k`m-flI A\-\y-Xbpw Hmtcm IpSpw-_-Øn-s‚bpw
64
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
khn-ti-j-X-bn-ep≈ IpSpw_ A\-\y-Xbpw XΩn-ep≈ ka-Xpe-\X {i≤m-]q¿hw \ne-\n-dp-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv.
3. IpSpw-_hpw ss{IkvX-h-]-cn-io-e-\hpw
26) hnhm-l-H-cp-°-tImgvkv cq]-X-Iƒ \ho-I-cn-t°≠
kabw AXn-{I-an-®n-cn-°p-∂p. hnhm-l-co-Xn-bnepw IpSpw-_-Pohn-XØ
- n-ep-ap≈ {]mtZ-in-Ihpw BtKm-f]
- c
- h
- p-amb {]iv\ß
- fpw
{]h-W-X-Ifpw ]cn-K-Wn-®p-thWw AXp-sN-øm≥. ]pXnb ZºXn-Isf Hcp-°p-∂-Xnepw Ah¿°v XpS¿]cnio-e\w \evIp-∂Xnepw Npcp-ßn-b-]£w CS-h-I-bn¬\n∂v Hcp kvt]m¨k¿
Zº-Xn-tbm, km[y-sa-¶n¬ ct≠m aqt∂m Zº-Xn-Ifpw Hcp sshZnI\pw Hcp k\y-kvXk
- n-Ãdpw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Hcp Sotam, Dƒs∏Sp-∂Xp \√-Xm-Wv. {]mcw-`-Iq-Zm-i-bn¬ Xe-sXm-´-∏\pw Xe-sXm´-Ωbpw sNøp-∂-Xp-t]mse kvt]m¨k¿ Zº-Xn-Iƒ°v hnhml-Øns‚ ASpØ Xøm-sd-Sp-∏nepw hnhm-ls
- a∂ IqZm-ib
- psS
Bcm-[\
- m-{I-aØ
- nepw \h-Zº
- X
- n-If
- psS IpSpw-_P
- o-hn-XØ
- ns‚
BZy-\m-fp-I-fnepw {]tXyI ÿm\w D≠m-bn-cn-°pI D]-Im-c{]-Z-amWv. ]cn-io-e\w e`n® Soan\v XpS¿]c-n-io-e-\hpw am¿K\n¿t±ihpw \evIm≥ ]‰p-∂n-S-sØms° Zº-Xn-Isf, {]tXyIn®p hnhmlw Ign™v ct≠m aqt∂m amk-ambhsc, hnfn®p-Iq-´m-\mhpw. \h-Z-º-Xn-IfpsS sshhm-lnI A\p-`-h-߃
]¶p-h-bv-°p-∂-Xn\pw {]iv\߃ h√-Xp-ap-s≠-¶n¬ AXp ]cnl-cn-°m≥ Ahsc klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn\pw Soan\p km[n-°pw.
At\Iw CS-h-I-I-fn¬ IpSpw-_-ßsf klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn-\p≈
kvXpXy¿l-amb kwcw-`ß
- ƒ Aevamb¿ \S-Øp-∂p-≠v; {]tXyIn®pw IpSpw-_-߃°p-≈nepw IpSpw-_-߃ XΩn-ep-ap≈
kwL¿j-߃ ]cnl-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v. AP-]m-e-I¿ Cu ]pXnb
A∏-kvtXm-en-Ik
- w-cw-`ß
- sf t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw \bn-°pIbpw Ah-bp-ambn ssItIm¿°p-Ibpw thWw.
27) sshZn-I-cp-sSbpw CS-h-I-bn¬ {]h¿Øn-°p∂ k∂ykvX-cp-sSbpw AP-]m-e-\-ip-{iq-j-bn¬ k` IpSpw-_-t{]-jn-XXz-Øn\p {]mapJyw \evI-Ww. IpSpw-_-߃°p-th-≠n-bp≈
ip- { iq- j - b ntebv ° v `mhn- b n¬ IS- ∂ p- h - c p- ∂ - h ¿ ]mS- h ap≈hcpw ^e-Zm-b-I-cp-am-Im≥ ItØm-en°m IpSpw-_-t{]-jn65
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
X-Xz-Øns‚ kao-]-\-߃ skan-\m-cn-I-fp-sSbpw k∂y-kvX-]cn-io-e-\-tI-{μ-ß-fp-sSbpw ]mTy-]-≤-Xn-bn¬ Dƒs∏-Sp-Ø-Ww.
Ct∏mƒ ip{iq- j - b n- e m- b n- c n- ° p∂ sshZn- I ¿°pw k∂ykvX¿°pw IpSpw-_t- {]-jn-XX
- z-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ {lkz-Ime D]cn
tImgvkp-Iƒ \evIpI F∂Xpw hfsc {][m-\-s∏´ Imcy-amWv. Aßs\ IpSpw-_-t{]-jn-X-Xz-Øn¬ Ah¿°p≈ Adnhpw
sshZ-Kv[yhpw \ho-Ic
- n-°m-\m-hpw; IpSpw-_I
- m-cy-ßf
- n¬ km¿h{Xn-Ik
- `- b
- v°p≈ \ho-IrX Xo£vWX
- b
- nepw ka¿∏-WØ
- nepw
]¶p-tN-cm-\pam-Ipw. hnhmlw, IpSpw_w F∂n-hs
- b-°p-dn®p≈
]T-\-K-th-j-W-ß-ƒ°m-bn hnip≤ tPm¨t]mƒ c≠m-a≥
]m∏m-bpsS t]cn-ep≈ C≥Ãn-‰yq-´pw (N-ß-\m-t»-cn-bnse
Im\m), Xncp-°p-Spw_ k∂ym-kn-\n-Iƒ \S-Øp∂ Xriq¿ theqcnse FATRIbpw henb klm-b-am-Wv. IpSpw-_-ß-fpsS \ho-Ic-W-Øn\pw hnip-≤n°pw th≠n {]h¿Øn-°m≥ Hmtcm
ss{IkvX-h\pw IS-a-bp-s≠∂ Imcyw ad-°-cp-Xv. IpSpw-_-t{]jn-XXzw `wKn-bmbn \n¿h-ln-°p-∂-Xn\v ]Iz-Xbpw Xo£vW-Xbp-ap≈ Zº-Xn-Isf Xnc-s™-SpØv IpSpw-_i
- p-{iq-jb
- n¬ ]cnio-e\w \evIp-∂Xp DØ-a-am-Wv. \ΩpsS k`bnse Nne cq]X-Iƒ A∏-kvtXm-enI Zº-Xn-Iƒ°mbn hnP-b-{]-Z-amb ]cnio-e-\-]-cn-]m-Sn-Iƒ Icp-∏n-Sn-∏n-®n-´p-s≠-∂Xpw kt¥m-j-Ic-am-Wv.
28) icn-bmb ssewKn-I-hn-Zym-`ymkw \ΩpsS Cu Ime-L´-Øns‚ ASn-b-¥n-cm-h-iy-am-Wv. C∂sØ ssk_¿ ˛ UnPn‰¬ bpK-Øn¬, ]Ip-Xn-bn-e-[nIw ssewKn-I-hn-hc-߃ Ip´nIƒ°p e`n-°p-∂Xv C‚¿s\‰v hgn-bm-Wv. t]m¿tWm-{K-^n-bneqsS AXp an°-t∏mgpw \evI-s∏-Sp-∂p. t]m¿tWm-{K^n am\pjnI ssewKn-I-X-sb∂ ]cn-ip-≤hpw i‡-hp-amb ssZhn-I-Zm\-Øns‚ hnj-ab
- a
- mb hymP-am-°epw Zpcp-]t- bm-Kn-°e
- p-am-Wv.
k`bpw amXm-]n-Xm-°∑mcpw bYm¿∞ ssewKn-I-hn-Zym-`ymkw
Ip´n-Iƒ°p \evIpI F∂ {][m-\-s∏´ ZuXy-Øn¬\n∂v amdn\n-∂m¬, Ip´n-Iƒ°v AXv a‰p ÿe-ß-fnepw kml-N-cyßfnepw \n∂pambncn°pw In´pI F∂ Imcyw \mw Hm¿Ωn°-Ww.
66
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
29) Kh¨sa‚n¬ \n∂p≈ s]mXp-k-lm-b߃ t\Sn-sbSp-°p-∂-Xn\v IpSpw-_-ßsf ^e-{]-Z-ambn klm-bn-°m≥
k`bv°p Ign-bpw. kXy-Øn¬ tZiob ˛ kwÿm\ ˛ ]©mbØv Xe-ßf
- n-ep≈ AkwJyw t{]m{Km-ap-Is
- f-°p-dn®v \ΩpsS
an° IpSpw-_-߃°pw th≠{X Adn-hn-√. B klm-b-߃
Ahbv°v \ymbm-\p-krXw Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. Hmtcm cq]-Xbn-sebpw kmaq-lnI t£a-{]-h¿Ø\ sk‚-dp-Iƒ C°m-cy߃ {i≤n-°p-Ibpw Aßs\ \ΩpsS IpSpw-_-ßsf kmºØn-I-ambn Dd∏p-≈Xpw kmaq-ln-I-ambn Db¿∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xpam- ° m≥ klm- b n- ° - W w. k` IpSpw- _ - ß sf i‡o- I cn°pIbpw ]cn-io-en-∏n-°p-Ibpw thWw. {]tXy-In®v AXnse
F√m AwK-߃°pw ka{K ]mcn-ÿn-XnI hnZym-`ymkw \evIWw. {^m≥kokv ]m∏m-bpsS hm°p-Iƒ \ap°v Hm¿°mw:
""IpSpw-_-Øn¬ ka-{K-amb hnZym-`ymkw \ap°p e`n-°p-∂p.
hy‡n-]c
- a
- mb ]Iz-Xb
- n¬ kzssc-Iy-tØmsS hf-cp-hm≥ AXp
\sΩ klm-bn-°p-∂p. \ap°p \evI-s∏´ Hcp hkvXp-hn-s\°p-dn-®p≈ Bflm¿∞-amb IrX-⁄-X-bpsS {]Im-i-\-am-bn,
Bcpw Bh-iy-s∏-SmsX Xs∂ \n\°p \μn F∂p ]d-bm≥
IpSpw-_-Øn¬ \mw ]Tn-°p-∂p. \ΩpsS A{I-a-hm-k-\bpw
AXym-{K-lhpw \nb-{¥n-°m\pw \mw Bsc-sb-¶nepw t{Zmln®m¬ am∏p tNmZn-°m\pw IpSpw-_-Øn¬h®v \mw ]Tn-°p-∂p.
lrZy-amb acym-Zb
- psS efn-Xa
- mb Cu {]I-S\
- ß
- ƒ, ]¶p-hb
- v°s∏Sp∂ Pohn-XØ
- ns‚ kwkvIm-cs
- Øbpw \ΩpsS ]cn-Xx-ÿnXn-I-tfm-Sp≈ _lp-am-\-sØbpw krjvSn-°p∂p.''21
D]-kw-lmcw
30) hnip≤ Nmhd Ipcym-t°mkv Gen-bm-k-®≥ ]d-™Xp-t]mse "IpSpw_w `qan-bn¬ kz¿K-Øns‚ kmZr-iy-am-Wv'.
At\Iw ss{IkvXh IpSpw-_-߃ \evInb ]c-kv]-c-kvt\l-Øn-s‚bpw {i≤-bp-sSbpw at\m-l-c -km-£y-Øn\v \Ωƒ
ssZhsØ kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw \μn ]d-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. \{kØnse Xncp-°p-Spw-_-Øns‚ Omb-bn-ep≈ Hcp bYm¿∞
ss{IkvX-h-Ip-Spw-_-Øns‚ amXr-Ibpw, ]ca ]cn-ip-≤-{Xn-Xz67
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
Øns‚ kmZr-iy-Øn-ep-≈Xpw anin-lmbv°v Xs‚ k`-tbm-Sp≈
kvt\l-sØ ]q¿W-ambn ZrjvSm-¥o-I-cn-°-s∏-´-Xp-amb Hcp
bYm¿∞ ss{IkvXh
- h
- n-hm-lhpw, hy‡n-KX
- h
- m-ZØ
- mepw kpJtem-ep-]-X-bmepw hfsc tcmKm-Xp-c-am-bn-cn-°p-∂ C∂sØ
temI-Øn¬, "{]Im-ihpw D∏p-am-Wv'. AtX-k-abw Xs∂
At\Iw IpSpw-_ß
- ƒ°p {]iv\ß
- ƒ Ds≠∂v k`bv°v ZpxJ]q¿W-amb Ah-t_m-[hp-ap-≠v. hnhm-l-Øn-te°pw IpSpw-_Po-hnXØnte-°p-ap≈ kaq-∂-X-amb ssZh-hn-fn-tbm-sSm∏w
ssZhw Xs‚ a°ƒ°p \evIp-∂- A\p{K-l߃ Bkz-Zn-°p∂-Xn¬\n∂v Cu {]iv\ß
- ƒ Ahsc XS-bp-∂p. hy‡n-]c
- a
- mb
hnizm-k£
- b
- hpw ]q¿W-ambpw `uXn-Ih
- X
- vIc
- n-°s
- ∏-´n-cn-°p∂
Hcp Pohn-X-ho-£-W-Øns‚ Xo{h-amb B™p-]p-evI-ep-amWv
hnhm-lhpw IpSpw-_hpw ssZh-]-≤-Xn-bn¬\n∂v AI-ep-∂-Xn\p≈ G‰hpw Bg-am¿∂ Imc-W-߃. AXn-\m¬, IpSpw-_sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ ssZhn-I-]-≤-Xn-bpsS icnbmb [mc-Wbpw
ssZh-Øns‚ kz]v\ß
- ƒ°-\p-kc
- n®v Pohn-XsØ ho≠pw cq]s∏-Sp-Øm-\p≈ Bflm¿∞-amb {iahpw ASn-b¥
- n-ca
- mb Bhiy-am-Wv. Cu {ia-Øn¬, Cu ]T-\-tc-J-bpsS BZy-`m-KØp
{lkz-ambn \evIn-bn-cn-°p∂ IpSpw-_-Øns‚ kphn-ti-jhpw
c≠mw-`mKØv Nq≠n-°m-´n-bn-cn-°p∂ B[p-\nI IpSpw_w t\cnSp∂ sh√p-hn-fn-I-fpsS hnh-c-Whpw aq∂mw`m-KØv Ah-X-cn∏n-®n-cn-°p∂ C∂v IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ KpWw h¿≤n-∏n-°p∂-Xn-\p-th≠n sNtø≠ {]mtbm-Kn-II
- m-cy-ßf
- psS kqN-\m-flIhpw A]q¿W-hp-amb ]´n-Ibpw henb klm-b-am-Ip-sa∂v
{]Xo-£n-°p-∂p.
N¿®-bv°p≈ tNmZy-߃
1) ss{IkvX-h-Ip-Spw-_-sØ-°p-dn®v hnip≤ {KŸhpw k`bpsS {]t_m-[\m-[n-Im-chpw \evIp∂ {]t_m-[\
- sØ°pdn®v
\ΩpsS IpSpw-_ß
- ƒ°v F¥v Ah-t_m-[a
- m-Wp-≈Xv? IpSpw_
ssZh-im-kv{X-Øns‚ GtXXp hi-ßf
- mWv C∂v Du∂n-∏d- t- b≠Xv?
2) IpSpw-_Ø
- n¬ F√m-h¿°pw kv{Xo]p-cp-j∑m-cpsS Xpeya-l-Øz-sØ-°p-dn®v Ah-t_m-[-apt≠m?
68
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
3) kotdm- a - e - _ m¿ kaq- l - ß - f n¬ IpSpw- _ - ß - f nse
AwKkwJy Ipd-bp∂ {]iv\sØ Fßs\ \ap°p ^e-{]-Zambn t\cn-Sm-\mhpw?
4) C∂sØ IpSpw-_ß
- ƒ A`n-ap-Jo-Ic
- n-°p∂ {][m-\s
- ∏´
sh√p- h n- f n- I ƒ Gh? {]iv \ - ß - f psS Kuc- h w, ASn- b - ¥ nckz`mhw F∂n-h-bpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ ]´nI Xøm-dm-°p-I.
5) bYm¿∞ IpSpw- _ - { ]m¿∞\m- \ p- ` hw IpSpw- _ ߃°pt≠m? IpSpw-_-k-a-b-ß-fpsS, {]tXy-In®v IpSpw_{]m¿∞-\b
- psS, KpWw-sa-®s
- ∏-Sp-Øm≥ th≠ \nß-fpsS \n¿t±i-ß-tfh?
Endnotes
1
Catechism of the Catholic Church (1994), 2202.
2
Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2205.
3
Pope John Paul II, Familiaris Consortio, (1981), 21.
4
Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2207.
5
Pope John Paul II, Mulieris Dignitatem (1988), 10.
6
The Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace, The Compendium of the Social
Doctrine of the Church (2004), 146, 147.
7
Second Vatican Council, Gaudium et Spes, 22.
8
“The Consortium Vitae Coniugalis: Nature and Application” in Studia
Canonica 6, 1972.
9
Second Vatican Council, Lumen Gentium, 11; Second Vatican Council,
Gaudium et Spes, 48.
10
Pope Francis, Lumen Fidei, 53.
11
Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2205.
12
Second Vatican Council, Gaudium et Spes, 52.
13
Second Vatican Council, Gaudium et Spes,52.
14
Pope John Paul II, Familiaris Consortio, 45.
15
The Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church, 252-254.
16
Pope Francis, Laudato si’, 61.
17
Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2202-2205.
18
Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2215.
19
Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2218.
20
Catechism of the Catholic Church, 2221-2233; Pope John Paul II,
Familiaris Consortio, 71.
21
Pope Francis, Laudato si’, 213.
69
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
aq∂mw -hn`mKw
{]hm-kn-I-fp-sS Zu-Xyw
sh√p-hn-fn-Ifpw ho-£-W-ßfpw
70
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
BapJw
1) ssZh-]-cn-]m-e\bm¬ kotdm ae-_m¿ k`bv°v C∂v
Hcp BtKmfam\w ssIh-∂n-cn-°p-∂p. CXn-\p≈ apJy-Im-cWw
Ccp-]-Xv, Ccp-]-sØm∂v \q‰m-≠p-I-fn¬ D≠mb {]hm-ksa∂
{]Xn-`m-k-am-Wv. amXrtZi-Øp≈ hn`-h-ß-fpsS A]-cym-]vX-Xbpw, Zqc-tZ-i-ß-fnepw hntZ-i-ß-fn-ep-ap≈ tPmen km[y-X-Ifp-amWv IqSp-X¬ ]®-∏p≈ {]tZi-߃ tXSn-t∏m-Ip-hm≥
kotdm ae-_m¿ hnizm-kn-Isf t{]cn-∏n-®-Xv. am{X-a-√, tIc-fØn-ep≈ hnZym-`ym-kÿ
- m-]\
- ß
- ƒ Zqc-tZ-iß
- f
- n-tebv°v bm{X
sNøp-hm≥ Ahsc kpk-÷c
- m-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-. C∂v temIØns‚ hnhn[ `mK-ß-fn¬ Xma-k-ap-d-∏n®ncn°p∂ {]hm-knI-ƒ -c≠pw aq∂pw Xe-apdIƒhsc FØnbncn°p-∂p. kzm`mhn-I-am-bpw, Ah¿ B tZi-Øns‚ k¥m-\-ß-fmbn ]cn-Wan°pIbpw sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂p. X∑qew, tIc-fØ
- ns‚ AXn¿ØnI-fn¬ HXp-ßn-bn-cp∂ kotdm ae-_m¿ k`, tXmam-«o-lm-bpsS
t{]jn-X-ssN-X\yw Dƒs°m-≠v hyXy-kvX-amb `mjm˛aX˛
kmwkm-°m-cnI ]›m-Øe
- ß
- f
- n¬ Cutim-an-in-lm-bpsS kphntijw {]tLm-jn-°pIhgn C∂v BtKm-f-k-`-bm-bn- hf¿∂ncn-°p-∂p.
1. {]hm-k-Øns‚ ss__n-f-[n-jvTn-Xhpw ssZh-im-kv{X]-c-hp-amb ImgvN-∏m-Sp-Iƒ:
2) hnip-≤-{KŸ ho£-W-߃: ss__n-sf-∂Xv {]hm-kØns‚ ]pkvX-I-hpw, bm{X-bn-em-bn-cn-°p-∂- P\-X-IfpsS Ncn{X-hp-am-Wv. hnP-b]
- c
- m-Pb
- ß
- f
- pw, kpJZp:Jß-fpw, {]Xn-k‘
- nIfpw ]co-£-W-ß-fpw, {]Xym-i-I-fpw \ncm-i-I-fpw A\p-`-hn®p-sIm≠v Hmtcm-hy-‡nbpw \nXy-Xsb e£y-am°n {]bmWw
sNøp-∂p. ssZh-]-≤-Xn-b-\p-k-cn®v bm{X sNøp-hm≥ A{_ml-Øn\v e`n® hnfn, Xs‚ hoSv hn´v ^nen-kvXy-cpsS \m´n¬
Xma-kÿ
- ew tXSp∂ Ck-lm-°v, ^nen-kvXy-cpsS \m´n¬ \ncmI- c n- ° - s ∏- S p∂ At±- l - Ø ns‚ Zpc- \ p- ` - h w, hntZ- i n- b mb
tPmk^v CuPn-]vXns\ Zmcn-{Z-Øn¬ \n∂v c£n-®Xns\ XpS¿∂v
CuPn-]vXns‚ Imcy-ÿ\
- mbnØo-cp-hm\p≈ \nb-a\w; ]cnNnXamb Np‰p-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ \n∂v A⁄mX hgn-I-fn-eqsS \bn-°71
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
s∏-Sp∂ tKm{X-]nXm°∑m¿; F∂n-ßs\ {]hm-k-Øns‚
[mcmfw DØ-tamZm-l-c-W-߃ ]g-b-\n-b-a-Øn¬ Is≠-Øphm≥ \ap°p Ign-bpw.1 Ch-sb√mw B[p-\nI Ime-L-´-Ønep≈ {]hm-k-Øns‚ ]q¿h-am-Xr-I-I-fm-Wv. Cu kw`-h-ß-tfmtcm∂pw ssZho-I]
- ≤
- X
- n-bnepw, ssZhn-I]
- c
- n-]m-e\
- b
- nepw B{ibn-°p-hm≥ \sΩ t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂p. Cu A¿∞-Øn¬ {]hm-knIƒ {]tXy-I-amb e£y-tØm-Sp-IqSn Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´v \bn°-s∏-Sp∂ ssZh-P-\-am-Wv.
3) Cutim-bpsS Pohn-X-sa-∂Xv a\pjyk©m-c-Øns‚
km£y-am-Wv. amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m-tcm-sSmØv Cutim s_Xvtel-an-tebv°pw ]n∂oSv CuPn-]vXn-te-bv°pw, ]c-ky-Po-hn-X-Øn\mbn ]e-kvXo-\m-bn-tebv°pw bm{X sNbvXp. am{X-a√
- , I¿Ømhns‚ hnNm-cW
- b
- pw, ]oUm-kl
- \
- h
- pw, Ipcn-ip-ac
- W
- hpw hnhn[
ÿe-ß-fn¬ h®m-bn-cp-∂p. kaq-l-Øns‚ Xmgv∂ Xe-ß-fnep-≈h
- c
- p-ambn Cutim Xs∂Øs∂ XmZm-fly-s∏-Sp-Øn. kphntijw {]tLm-jn-°p-hm-\mbn Cutim-bpsS injy∑m¿ hnZqc
ÿe-ß-fn¬ Np‰n k©-cn-®p. {]hmkn kaq-l-ß-fpsS t£aØn-\mbn BZna ss{IkvXh kaqlw {]tXyIw {i≤n-®n-cp∂p. IqSm-sX, ssZh-\m-a-Øn¬, Ah¿ ka-Xzhpw \oXnbpw
{]tLm-jn-°p-Ib
- pw s
- N-bvXp.2 A]-cn-Nn-Xsc kvt\ln-°p-hm\pw
Ah¿°v BXn-Yy-ac
- p-fp-hm-\pw, BZn-ak
- `- mw-Kß
- ƒ
- °v {- ]tXyIw
\n¿t±iw e`n-®n-cp-∂p. ImcWw A]-cn-Nn-Xsc kzmKXw sNøpI-sb-∂Xv \oXn]q¿h-amb {]hrØnbmbn Ah¿ a\- n-em-°nbn-cp∂p.
4) k- ` m- fl m- I am- b {IaoI- c W߃: B- Z n- a - I m- e w apX¬Xs∂ k-` A-Xn-s‚ AP-]m-e-\m-]-c-amb ZuXyw Ku-chXcam-bn IcpXn-bn-cp∂p. B-Zn-a \q-‰m-≠p-I-fn¬ Xs∂ AXXp ÿ-e-ß-fn-se k-`m hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sS ta¬ ]m-{Xn-b¿-°okp-am¿°pw a‰p ]n-Xm-°∑m¿-°p-ap-≈ A-[n-Im-c N-´-߃ G¿s∏-Sp-Øn-bncp∂p. B-Zy-sØ km¿-h{XnI kq\-l-tZm-kmb
\nJymbpsS (325) Imt\m-\-I-fn¬ \mw Cßs\ hm-bn-°p∂p.
"Cu-Pn-]vXv, en-_n-b, s]‚m-t]m-fn-kv, Xp-Sßn-b {]-tZ-i-ß-fn-se
]-pcmX\]m-c-º-cy-߃ Xo-¿-®-bmbpw kwc-£n°s∏-SWw.
72
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
\memw em-‰-d≥ kq\-ltZm-kns‚ (1215) Imt\m-\b\p-k-cn®v
hnhn-[ `m-jI
- ƒ kwkmcn-°p-∂ a-\p-jy¿ H-tc \-Kc
- Ø
- n¬ AYhm H-tc cq-]-X-bn¬ ]e ÿe-ß-fnepw D-≈Xn-\mepw, A-h¿
H-tc hn-izm-k-ap-≈-hcpw F-∂m¬ hyXykvX-amb B-cm-[\{Ia-ßfpw coXn-Ifpw D-≈-h-cm-bXn-\mepw, k-`m]n-Xm-°∑m¿-°p
Xmsg ]d-bp∂ Imcy-ß-fn¬ Ir-Xyam-b \n¿t±iw \¬-In-bn-´p-≠v... hyXykvX-amb B-cm-[-\ -{I-a-ßfnepw `m-j-Ifnepw BtLm-j-]q¿-hw hn-ip-≤ I¿-a-߃ A-\p-jvTn-°p-hm\pw Iq-Zmi-Iƒ- ]
- c
- n-I¿-aw sN-øphm\pw, hm-°p-If
- n-eq-sSbpw \√ amXrIIfn-eq-sSbpw D]-tZ-in°p-hm\pw A\ptbmPycm-bh
- sc {]Zm\w
sNøWw.
5) ]-{¥-≠mw ]o-bq-kv am¿-]m-∏- 1952˛¬ ]pds∏Sphn® F-Ivkpƒ ^-ao-en-b (Exsul familia) F∂ {]am-W-tcJ {]-hm-kn-Iƒ°mbp≈ AP-]m-e\ip{iq-jb
- psS am-·m-°m¿-´ Bbn IcpXs∏-Sp∂p. c≠mw h-Øn-°m≥ Iu¨-kn-¬,4 ]mkvsXmdmenkv
an{K- t Xmcpw Iqc (pastoralis migratorum cura) F∂
tamØpt{]m{]n-sbm, ]uckvXy ]m›mXyk-`m \n-b-akw-ln-XIƒ, {]hm- k n- I - f psS AP- ] m- e \ Imcy- ß ƒ°m- b p≈
s]m¥n^n-°¬ Iu¨kn-¬ ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn® Erga migrantes
caritas Christi (The love of Christ towards migrants)5 F∂o
tcJ-Ifn¬ C-tX hnj-bw hn-]p-ea
- m-bn hn-iZ- o-Ic
- n-®n-´p-≠v. XßfpsS am-Xr-k-`-I-fp-sS \n¿-t±-i-߃°-\p-k-cn-®v B-cm-[-\ \-SØphm\p≈ A-h-Im-iw -F√m {In-kvXo-b hn-izm-kn-I-ƒ-°pw
D-≠v. Hcp kzbm-[n-Imck`-bpsS AXn¿Øn-°p-≈n¬ as‰m-cp
kzbm-[n-Imck`-bnse hn-izm-kn-Iƒ th≠-{X D-s≠-¶n¬ Ah-cp-sS AP-]m-e\m-h-iy-߃ ]-cn-c-£n-°m≥ A-h-cp-sS X-s∂
k`-bnse sshZo-I¿
- , CS-hI
- Iƒ, F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ hn-Im-cnam¿,
F∂n-h \¬-Iphm≥ k`m-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ {i≤n°Ww.6 C-Ø-cØn-ep-≈ {Iao-Ic
- W
- ß
- ƒ \-St- Ø-≠Xv AXmXp ÿe-ßf
- nse
sa-{Xm-∑mcpw taP¿-B¿®p-_n-j∏pw X-Ωn-ep-≈ ]-c-kv-]-c kΩX-Øns‚ A-Sn-ÿm-\-Øn-em-bncn°Ww. Hcp kzbm-[n-Imck`bn¬\n∂pw as‰m-cp kzbm-[n-Imck`-bntebv°v Aw-KX
- zw amdphm≥ H-cmsf a-s‰m-cm-ƒ t{]-cn-∏n-°p∂Xv k-`-bpsS Im-t\m-\n73
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
I\n-b-aw hne-°p-∂p. k`m\n-b-a-ß-fp-sS ssN-X\ya\p-k-cn®v
a-s‰m-cp k-`mAw-KXzw Ffp-∏-amb coXn-bn¬ Xn-c-s™Sp°phm≥ Bscbpw A-\p-h-Zn-°p∂n√. F√m hn-izm-knIfpw
XßfpsS B-cm[-\m{I-a-sØ A-dn-bphm\pw \n-e-\n-¿-Øm\pw
]cnc£n-°p-hm\pw I-S-a-bp-≈-h-cmWv.7 Np-cp-°n-∏-d-™m¬ {]hm-kn-I-tfm-sSm∂n®p≈ AP-]m-e\kl-Ka-\w F√m kzbm[n-Imc k-`Ifbp-sSbpw D-Øc
- h
- m-Zn-Xz-am-Wv; Iq-Zm-iI
- f
- p-sSbpw
Iq-Zm-im\pI-cWßfp-sSbpw ]-cn-I¿-aw- , Ip-´n-If
- p-sSbpw bphm°-fp-sSbpw apXn¿∂-h-cp-sSbpw hn-izm-k]-cn-ioe-\w, `-‡-kwLS-\IfpsS {]h¿Øßsf GtIm-]n-∏n-°p-Ibpw kp-km-[yam-°p-Ibpw sNø¬, F∂nh Cu D-Ø-c-hm-Zn-Xz-Øn-s‚ ]-cn-[nbn¬ h-cp∂p.8
2. {]-hm-k-Øn-s‚ kz`m-hhpw k¶o¿ÆXbpw
6) {]-hm-k-Øn-s‚ ASn-ÿm\ X-Xz-߃: a-\p-jy-hw-i-Øns‚ N-cn-{XwX-s∂ {]-hm-k-Øn-s‚ N-cn-{X-am-Wv; ]-®-∏p-Iƒ tXSn-bp-≈ kwLmXam-b H-cp k-©m-cw. s]m-Xp-hm-bn ]-d-™m¬,
Po-hn-Xk
- m-lN
- c
- y-߃ sa-®s
- ∏-Sp-ØpI, ]pXn-b e-£y-߃ t\SpI, A-Xn-Po-h\
- Ø
- n\mbn ]pXn-b A¿-∞X
- e
- ß
- ƒ I-s≠-ØpI,
`q-an-bn-se A-\n-Xyam-b \n-e\
- n¬-]n-s‚ km-^e
- y-w ssIhcn°pI
XpSßnb-hb
- mWv {]-hm-kØn\p≈ apJy-Im-cW
- ß
- ƒ. A-`b
- m¿Yn-I-ƒ, ÿn-c-tPm-en-°m-¿, Xm-Xv-Imen-I tPm-en-°m-¿, kap{Z-bm{X-°m¿, hnhn[ cm-Py-°mcm-b D-tZymK-ÿ¿, \m-tSm-Sn-Iƒ
- XpSßn-b-h¿ {]-hm-kn-I-fn¬ Dƒ-s∏-Sp∂p. kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`bn¬ \n-∂p-≈ {]-hm-kn-I-fn¬ A-[n-Ihpw sa-®-s∏-´ hn-Zym-`ymk-Øn-\pw sXmgnen\pw Ir-jn°pw th-≠n ho-Sp-hn-´n-d-ßn-b-hcm-Wv. tIc-f-sam-gn-®v C-¥y-bp-sS C-X-c-kw-ÿm-\-ß-fnepw C¥y-bv-°p ]p-dØpw Xm-a-k-ap-d-∏n-® {]-hm-kn-Iƒ-°v A-h-cp-sS
am-Xr-k-`-bp-sS A-P-]m-e-\-Øn¬ \n-∂v am-dn-\n¬-t°-≠n- hcp∂p≠v. F¶nepw, X߃ hmk-ap-d∏
- n® tZi-tØm-Sp≈ A\pcq-]-W-Ønepw DƒtN-c-enepw tZio-b A-¥¿-tZio-b {]-hm-knIƒ-°p {i-t≤-bam-b k-am-\-X-Iƒ ImWmhp-∂XmWv.
7) BZyXe-ap-d-bnse {]-hm-kn-I-fp-sS A\p-cq-]Ww: a-s‰mcp kw-kvI
- m-cØ
- n-te°pw `m-jb
- n-te°pw ]-cn-ÿn-Xn-bn-te°pw
74
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
]-dn-®p-\Ss∏Sp-tºmƒ {]-hm-kn-Iƒ°v X-ßfpsS D‰ kv-t\-lnXtcbpw _-‘p-°tfbpw \-„-s∏-Sp∂p. ]t£ A-h-cp-sS \-„t_m-[w km-ºØn-I A-`n-hr-≤n-°p-th-≠n-bp-≈ Xo-{h-m`n-em-jØn-\p h-gn-am-dn-s°m-Sp-°p∂p. {]-hm-kn-If
- p-sS B-ZyX-eap-d ITn\m≤zm-\n-Ifpw I-„-∏m-Sp-Iƒ Dƒ-s°m-≈m≥ X-øm-dp-≈-hcpambn-cp∂p. A-Xn-\m¬ A-h¿-°v G-Xp ]pXn-b ]-cn-ÿn-Xn-bnepw
\n-e-bp-d-∏n-°m≥ km-[n-®n-cp∂p. hn-Ikn-X cm-Py-ß-fn¬ a-s‰hn-Sp-sØ-°mfpw A-\m-bm-ka
- m-bn A\p-cq-]W
- h
- pw DƒtN-cepw
km[y-amWv. Cu A-hÿ
b
- n¬ kzm-`m-hn-Ia
- mbpw Xß-fpsS `mhn-h-f¿-®-bv-°v hn-Lv-\-am-bn \n¬-°p-∂ ]q¿Δ kmw-kvIm-cnI
X\n-asb \n¿-_‘
-- n-Xamtbm kz-a\
- - msetbm Ah¿ D-t]-£n°p∂p. F-¶nepw C-t∏mgpw Ah-cpsS Kr-lm-Xp-c-X C-∂-se-Ifn-se A-hcpsS kmw-kvIm-cnI kØ-sb t{]m-Pz-en-∏n-°p∂p.
B-ZyX-eap-dbn¬s∏´ {]-hm-kn-I-ƒ°v XßfpsS ]pXnb kml-N-cy-ß-tfm-Sp ]q¿-W-ambpw C-W-ßn-t®-cm-\m-bn-´n-s√-¶nepw
Ah-tbmSv s]m-cp-Ø-s∏´p-t]m-Iphm≥ A-h¿ {ian°p-∂p.
8) a-Æn-s‚ a-°-fp-sS DƒtN-c-¬: {]-hm-kn-I-fp-sS c-≠pw
aq∂pw X-ea
- p-dI
- ƒ A-h¿ tN-t°-dp-∂ \m-´n-se `mj-sb kz¥w
-`m-j-bm-bn kzo-I-cn-°p∂p. F-∂m¬ kz`-h\-ß-fn-emI-s´ Xß-fp-sS am-Xm-]n-Xm-°-fp-sS `m-jX-s∂ kw-km-cn°p-I-bpw sNøp-∂p. C-Xv A-h-cn¬ c-≠p tem-Iw kr-„n-°p∂p. AXp-sIm≠v C-cp-`m-j-I-tfmSpw Htc-t]m-ep-≈ a-a-X h-f¿-Øm≥ A-h¿
\n¿-_-‘n-X-cm-Ip-∂p. am-Xm-]n-Xm-°ƒ an-°-hmdpw X-ß-fp-sS ]g-b ]m-c-º-cy-ß-sfbpw k-{º-Zm-b-ß-sf-bpw Ip-dn-®v hen-b A`n-am-\-tØm-sS kw-km-cn-°p-Ibpw \-„s∏´p- sIm≠ncn°p∂aq-ey-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p a-°-sf DZv-t_m-[n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sN-øp∂p.
CØ-c-sam-c-h-ÿ-bn¬ A\p-cq-]Ww hf-sc {i-a-I-c-amWv. Ip´n-Iƒ
- °
- mI-s´ kmw-kvI
- m-cn-Ia
- m-b H-cp k-∂n-Kv≤m-hÿ-sb t\cn-tS-≠n-h-cn-I-bpw h-cp∂p. Ah¿ ]p-Xn-b Np-‰p-]m-Sn-se Bhiy-X-I-tfmSv s]m-cp-Ø-s∏-SpIbpw am-Xm-]n-Xm-°-fp-sS A-\p-`-h
-⁄m-\-Øn-s‚ Im-X¬ \n-e-\n-¿-Øp-hm≥ t{]cn-X-cmhpIbpw
sN-øp∂p. A-tXm-sS H-cp a-[y-am¿-Kw (middle position) sX-cs
- ™Sp-°m≥ A-h¿ kz-bw ]Tn-°p∂p. H-∂p-In¬ Xßfp-sS am-Xm75
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
]n-Xm-°-fp-sS A-\\y-X ]q¿-W-ambpw \-„-s∏SpØpI, A-s√¶n¬ A-Xp ]pXn-b kw-kvI
- m-ct- Øm-Sp k-a{- K-am-bn e-bn-∏n°pI
F-∂nßs\-bp≈ AhcpsS Nn¥-Iƒ B-Z¿-i-Øn¬ am-{Xw HXp-ßn \n¬°p-∂-hbm-Wv. c≠mw X-e-ap-d Cu k-¶o¿-W-{]-iv\-Øn-eq-sS I-S∂p-t]mIp∂-hc
- msW¶n-epw aq∂mw X-ea
- p-db
- nepw
Xp-S¿-∂p h
- c
- p-∂h
- cnepw ]pXnb kwkvIm-cØ
- n-te-bv°p≈ Cu
DƒtN-c¬ Xm-c-X-tay-\ F-fp-∏-am-Wv.
9) {]-hm-k-Øn-s‚ k-¶o¿W-X: tZ-io-b A-¥¿-tZio-b {]hm-kn-Iƒ At\Iw km-aq-lnI˛cm-{„o-b {]-iv-\ß-sf A-`n-apJo-I-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. X-t±-io-b{]-hm-knIƒ aXw, `m-j, kw-kv-Imcw F-∂n-hb
- n-se hy-Xy-kX
v- I
- fp-am-bn _-‘s
- ∏-´ \n-ch-[n {]iv\߃ A`n-ap-Jo-Ic
- n-°ptºmƒ, A-¥¿-tZio-b {]-hm-knIfmIs´
AXXp cmPy-Øn-s‚ km-aq-ln-I˛kmw-kv-Im-cn-I˛km-ºØn-I
kwhn-[m-\ß
- ƒ°v `oj-Wn D-b¿Øp∂hcmbn- tem-Ic
- m-{„-߃
hne-bn-cpØp-∂psh∂ {]iv\-amWv t\cn-Sp-∂Xv. A-¥¿-tZiob {]-hm-kn-Iƒ A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p-∂ {][m\ {]-iv-\-߃ Xmsg ]-d-bp-∂hbmWv.
1. kz-¥w k-º-Zv-L-S-\-bp-sS kp-ÿn-Xn-°p `o-j-Wn-bm-bn
{]-hm-knI-sf t\m-°n-°m-Wp-∂ X-t±-iob¿.
2. h¿-Ko-bhpw hw-i-ob-hpam-b hn-th-N-\-Øn-s‚ ^-e-ambn D≠m-Ip∂ im-cocn-I am-\kn-I ]o-U-\-߃.
3. {]-hmkn-I-fp-sS tPm-en-k-a-b-Øn-s‚ ssZ¿-Ly-sØ-°pdn-®p-≈ hn-hm-Z߃, A-]-cym-]v-Xamb sXm-gn¬-hy-h-ÿIƒ,
i-º-f- \n-c°v, t]m-j-Im-lm-c-°p-dhv, Xm-a-k-ku-I-cy-ß-fp-sS
A-`m-hw.
4. {]-hm-kn-Ifn¬ Nne¿ k-ln-°p∂ am-\kn-I ]n-cn-ap-dp°hpw \-„-t_m-[-hpw.
5. sXm-gn-eh
- k
- c
- ß
- s
- f-°p-dn-®p≈ Imcy-ßf
- n¬ a-Æn-s‚ a°fpw {]-hmkn-I-fp-w X-Ωn-ep-≈ A-k-a-Xzhpw A-kz-ÿX-Ifpw.
6. {]-hm-kn-Iƒ-°p ]ucmh-Im-i-߃ \n-tj-[n-°p-∂ Nne cm-Py-ß-fpsS \ne]m-SpIƒ.
76
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
3. kotdm a-e-_m¿ {]-hmkw: N-cn-{Xhpw h-f¿-®bpw
10) A- [ n- \ n- t h- i - I m- e - L - ´ - ß - f n¬ ( Colonial Period )
`mcXØns‚ hnhn[ `mKßfntebv°pff {- ]-hm-kw Xmc-Xt- ay\
sNdnb tXm-Xn-em-bn-cp∂p. `m-cX
- P-\k
- w-Jy-bp-sS aqt∂m \mtem
i-X-am-\w am{X-am-bncp-∂p CXv. F∂m¬, Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬
B-bn-c-°-W-°n-\v A-hn-Z-Kv-[cmb sXm-gn-em-fnI-sf hS-t° C¥y-bn¬ \n-∂v {_n-´o-jp-Im¿ A-h-cp-sS hntZitIm-f-\n-I-fn-te°v sIm≠p-t]mbn. kzm-X-{¥ym\-¥-c Im-eL-´w hf-sc hy-Xykv-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1950 s‚ A-hkm-\-amb-t∏m-tgbv°pw kotdm
a-e-_m¿ hn-izm-kn-Iƒ `mc-XØns‚ hnhn[ `mKßfntebv°v
{]-bm-Ww B-cw-`n-°p-I-bpw 1960I-fn¬ A-sXm-cp Iq´m-b apt∂‰am-bn XocpIbpw 1980I-fn¬ AXns‚ aq¿≤-\ym-h-ÿ-bn¬
FØp-Ibpw sNbvXp. 1950 Ifn¬ Ip-Sn-tb-dnb-Xp I¿-j-Icpw
A-hn-ZKv[ sXm-gn-em-fn-I-fp-am-sW¶n¬, 1960I-fnemIs´ sslkv-Iqƒ hn-Zym-`ym-kw D-≈hsc¶nepw km-t¶-Xn-I ssh-ZKv[yw
Ip-d-™-h-cm-bncp∂p Ip-Sn-tb-dn-b-Xv. 1970 ap-X¬ \-gv-kp-am-cpsSbpw sF-Sn- (IT) hn-ZKv[h-cp-sSbpw henb tXm-Xn-ep-≈
{]hmkIme-am-bn-cp∂p. B-Zy-Ime-L-´-ß-fn¬ Xn-I-®pw {]m-tZin-I-am-bn-cp∂ {]-hm-kw ]n-∂oSv Ata-cn-°, Im\-U, bp-.sI.,
Ab¿e-≠v, Hm-kv-t{S-en-b, \yq-kn-em≥Uv, bq-tdm-∏v F-∂n-hn-Sß-fn-te°v hym-]n-®p. 1960˛I-fn-¬ F-Æ-∏m-S-ß-fn-ep-≠m-b A`q-X-]q¿-h-Iam-b ap-t∂-‰-Øn-s‚ ^-e-am-bn Kƒ-^v cm-Py-ß-fnte-°p {]-hm-kn-I-fp-sS H-cp Ip-sØm-gp-°p-≠m-bn. Xmc-X-tay\
kmt¶-XnI ]-cn-⁄m-\w C√m-Ø-hcpw I¿-a-ti-jn Ip-d-™-hcpam-b {]-hm-kn-Iƒ-°v Ip-Sn-tbdn-b k-aq-l-Øn-\p-≈n¬ X\Xmb H-cp hy-‡nXzw cq-]-s∏-SpØnsb-Sp-°p∂-Xn-\p≈ kmºØn-I `-{Z-Xbpw `mjm-]c
- n-⁄m-\hpw C√m-bn-cp-∂p. F-∂m¬
hn-Z-Kv-[cm-b D-tZym-Km¿-∞n-Iƒ-°v A-h-cp-sS hn-Zym-`ymk tbmKy-X-Ifpw [-\-ÿn-Xnbpw I-W-°n-se-Sp-Øp {]-hm-k-ÿe-Øp
X-s∂ kp-ÿn-cP
- o-hn-Xw sI´n∏Sp-°p-hm≥ ap-≥ X-ea
- p-dt- b-°mƒ
th-K-Øn¬ km-[n-®p.
11) 1990˛IfpsS A-hk
- m-\Ø
- n¬ {]-hm-kw A-Xn-s‚ D-®ÿ
- m77
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
bn-seØn. Cu Ime-L-´-Øn¬ B-tKm-f-h-Xv-I-c-Ww {]-hmksØ Xz-cn-X-s∏-Sp-Øp∂-Xmbn Im-Wm-\m-Ipw. Bb-Xn-\m¬
{]hmk kwkv°m-cØ
- ns‚ `m-hn-sb-°p-dn-®p- {]h-Nn-°pI _p≤n-ap-t´-dn-bX
- m-Wv. hmkvXhØn¬, c-≠m-bn-ca
- m-≠n-\p-ti-jw {]hm-kw Io-gv-a-dn-bp-∂-Xn-s‚ A-S-bm-f-߃ I≠pXp-Sßn. hy-hkm- b - h - X v - I - c - W - Ø n- s ‚ A- ` m- h w Hcp ImeØv tI- c - f Øn¬\n∂p≈ {]-hm-k-Øn-\v ap-Jy-Im-c-W-am-sb-¶n¬, ]n∂oSv
tI-c-f-Øn-¬ DS-se-SpØ hyh-kmb- ÿm-]-\-ß-fpw, Gdn-h∂
sXmgn¬ km[y-X-Ifpw, kzbw ]cym]vX kwL-ß-fpsS cq]oI-c-Whpw kzm-`m-hn-I-am-bn h-∂p-tN-¿-∂ a-‰p km≤yXIfpw {]hmk kwkvImc-sØ Zp¿-_-e-s∏-Sp-Øn.
12) kotdm a-e-_m¿ {]-hm-kn-I-fnse hnhn-[ hn-`m-K߃:
Ct∏mƒ kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`-bn¬ aq-∂p X-cw {]-hm-kn-I-fp≠v.
1. ÿnc-ambn {]-hm-knIfm-bn Ign-bp∂-h¿
2. ta¬Ø-cw tPm-en-km-[y-X-Iƒ tX-Sn XmXvIm-en-I-ambn
{]-hm-kw \-S-Øp-∂h¿
3. ]T-\-Øn\pw sXm-gn-en-\p-am-bn {]hm-kn-I-fmbn Ignbp∂ hnZym¿∞n-Ifpw A-hn-hm-ln-X-cpam-bh¿.
C-Xn¬ B-Zy-sØ hn-`m-KØ
- n¬-s∏-´ {]-hm-knI-fp-sS a-°ƒ
c-≠pw A-Xn-e∏
- p-dh
- p-ap-≈ X-ea
- p-dI
- f
- n-te-°p h-f¿
- ∂p Ign™p.
X-߃ {]-hm-kn-I-fm-sW∂ tXm-∂¬ A-h¿-°n√. X-߃ aÆn-s‚ a-°-fm-sW-∂ H-cp t_m-[yhpw A-h-Im-i-hm-Zhpw AhcpsS CS-bnep-≠v. ta¬-∏d- ™
]-´n-Ib
- n¬ c≠pw aq∂pw KWØn¬-s∏-´h
- ¿ kotdm a-e_
- m¿ k-`b
- n-se a≤y-hb
- k
- vIc
- Sßp∂
bphhn-`m-K-am-Wv. tem-Iw ap-gp-h-\p-ap-≈ kotdm a-e-_m¿ {]hm-kn k-aq-lØ
- n-s‚ C-t∏m-gs
- Ø i-cmi-cn hb-kv \m¬-]X
- n¬
Xm-sg-bm-Wv. tI-cf
- Ø
- n-se Ip-Spw-_ß
- ƒ hm¿≤IyØn¬ FØphm\pw {]-hm-kn k-aq-l߃ bphXzØn¬ \ne-sIm≈phm\pap≈ km[yX Cu hkvXpX shfns∏SpØp-∂p.
13) ÿn-Xn-hn-h-c-°W°v: kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`-bn-ep≈
49,00,000 hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ 13 e-£-tØm-f-w Bfp-Iƒ C-∂p tI78
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
c-f-Øn-\p ]p-d-Øv {]-hm-kn-Ifmbn Ign-bp∂p. tI-c-f-Øn-\p ]pd-Øv, F∂m¬ C-¥y-bn¬X-s∂-bmbn, A-©-c e-£-Øn-e-[nIhpw C-¥y-bv-°v shfn-bn¬ G-g-c e-£hpw {]-hm-kn-I-fp-s≠∂m-Wv ÿn-Xn-hn-hc
- °
- W
- °
- pIƒ kq-Nn∏n°p-∂Xv. C-¥y-bn-se
kotdm a-e-_m¿ cq-]-X-Iƒ°v shfnbn¬ D≈ c-≠p e-£-Øne-[n- I
- w h-cp-∂ k-`m-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw C-¥y-bv°
- p ]p-dØ
- v Kƒ9
^v cm-Py߃, bq-tdm-∏v, bp.-sI., Ab¿e-≠v, knw-K-∏q¿, B{^n-° ap-Xem-b cm-Py-ß-fn-ep-≈ A-©-c e-£-tØm-fw h-cp-∂
hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°pw th≠n kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`-bp-sS AP-]me\kwhn-[m\߃ D≠mbncn-t°≠Xm-Wv.
14) {]-hm-kn-I-fp-sS A-P-]m-e-\-Øn-\m-bn kzo-I-cn-® \S]SnIƒ: hnhn-[-ß-fmb ]-cn-an-Xn-Iƒ D≠m-bncp∂n´pw, kotdm
a-e-_m¿ k-` {]-hm-kn-I-fp-sS {]-iv-\-ß-fn¬ k-Po-h-ambn CSs]-Sp-Ibpw A-h-cp-sS A-P-]m-e-\ kw-c-£-W-Øn-\m-bn ]-e-X-cØn-ep-≈ \-S]
- S- n-Iƒ ssIs°m≈pIbpw sNbvXn´p-≠v. sX-°≥tI-c-f-Øn¬ \n∂pw h-S-°≥ tI-c-f-Øn-te-°p-≈ {]-hm-k-Imew ap-X¬ k-` A-h-fp-sS {In-bm-fl-Iam-b C-S-s]-S-ep-I-fn-eq-sS
^-e-hØm-b coXn-bn¬ AP-]m-e\ZuXyw \n¿Δln®n-´p-≠v.
1953¬ X-e-ti-cn cq-]-X \ne-hn¬ hcpIbpw ]n-∂o-Sv A-Xp A©p cq-]-X-I-fm-bn hn-`-Pn-°-s∏-SpIbpw sNbvXp. c≠mw h-Øn°m≥ Iu¨-kn-en\pti-jw, k-`mIq´m-bva-bpsS ssZhim-kv{X]T\ß-fp-sS kzm[o-\^-e-am-bn, kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-` tI-cf-Øn-\p ]p-dØpw hn-tZ-iØpw {]hm-kn-I-fmbn Ignbp-∂h¿°v X\-Xmb AP-]m-e\ip{iqj \¬-tI≠-Xn-s‚ D-Ø-c-hm-ZnXz-sØ-°p-dn®pw kz-¥w -X\n-asb-°p-dn®pw h-f-sc-tb-sd t_m[-h-Xn-bm-bn-Øo¿-∂p.
15) A-P-]m-e-\ip{iq-j-bv°m-bp≈ DNn-X-amb \-S-]-Sn-Iƒ
th-W-sa-∂p ]cn-ip≤ knwlm-k-\tØmSv {]-hm-k-Øn-s‚ Bcw-`L´w ap-X¬ kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-` Xp-S¿-®-bm-bn A-`y¿-∞n®n-cp-∂p. {]-hm-kn-I-fp-sS B-h-iy-ß-sfs¥-∂p a\- n-em-°phm\pw AXn-\p≈ {]Xn-hn[nIƒ \n¿t±-in-°p-hm-\p-ambn ]cnip≤ knwlmk\w 1978˛ap-X¬ A-∏kv-tXmenIv hn-kn-t‰
t-‰gvkns\ \n-ba
- n-®n-cp-∂p. XpS¿∂v 1988˛¬ I-eym-¨ cq-]X
- bpw,
79
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
2001˛¬ Nn°m-tKm-bn-se sk‚ v tXma-kv cq-]-Xbpw 2012˛¬ ^co-Zm-_m-Zv cq-]-Xbpw 2014˛¬ sa¬-_-Wn-se sk‚ v tXma-kv
cq]-Xbpw \ne-hn¬ h∂p. 2015-˛¬ F-Iv-km¿-t°-‰v ÿm]n-X-amIp-∂-Xp-hsc Nn°m-tKm-bnse sa-{Xm\mbn-cp∂p Im-\-U-bn-se
A-∏kv-tXm-en-Iv hn-kn-t‰-‰-¿. sa¬_-Wnse sa-{Xm≥ \yq-kn-em≥-Un-se A-∏kv-tXm-en-Iv hn-kn-t‰-‰-dm-bn 2014 apX¬ ip{iqj
sNbvXp-h-cp-∂p. I¿-Wm-S-I-bn-se afiy cq-]-X _mw-K-fq-cn-se
]- Ø p Pn√- I ƒ- ° q- S n Dƒ- s ∏- S p- Ø n 2015˛¬ hn- ] p- e o- I cn°pIbp≠mbn. C-hn-sS-sb√mw k-tlm-Z-cok`-Iƒ XΩn¬
ku-lm¿-Z-]cam-b A¥-co£amWv \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-Xv.
16) {]-hm-kn-IfpsS CSbn-se A-P-]m-e-\ip{iqj: kotdm
a-e-_m¿ k-` ]cn-ip≤ knwlm-k-\w h-gn \¬I-s∏´ Xo-cp-am-\߃ \-S-∏n-em°nbXn\p ]pdsa, bq-tdm∏v, bq.-sI., Ab¿e≠v, B{^n-°m, XpSßn hnhn-[ hntZicm-Py-ß-fnepw C-¥y-bnse {][m-\ \-K-c-ß-fnepw {]hm-kn-k-aq-l-ß-fnepw kotdm a-e_m¿ hn-izm-kn-Iƒ-°m-bn {]-tXy-Iw AP-]meI-sc \n-tbmKn®n´p≠v. {][m\ ÿe-ß-fnse AP-]m-e\ {]h¿Ø\߃
G-tIm-]n-∏n-°phm\mbn sshZoI˛A-ev-am-b-t\-Xr-Xz-sØ NpaX-es
- ∏-Sp-Øn-bncn°p∂p. C°m-cy-ßf
- psS Npa-Xe
- b
- p≈ sa-{Xm∑m¿ C-hn-sS-sb√mw CS-b-\-SpØ k-μ¿-i-\-߃ ka-bm-k-ab-ß-fn¬ \-S-Ønhcp-∂p. {]-hm-k-nk-aq-l-ßfn-se {]-Xn-\n-[nIsf k-`m B-ÿm-\am-b Im-°-\m-Sv au-≠v sk‚ v tXm-a-kn-¬
h®p \S∂ B-tKm-f k-tΩ-f-\-Øn-te-°p £-Wn-°p-Ibp≠mbn. Iq-Sm-sX C-Sb
- t- e-J\
- ß
- ƒ F√m {]-hm-kt- I-{μ-ßf
- n-te°pw
A-bbv°pIbpw B-cm-[-\m-{I-a˛a-X-t_m-[-\-{K-Ÿ-߃ hn-XcWw \SØpIbpw sNøp∂p. C-¥y-b°
v- p ]p-dsabp-≈h¿°mbn,
{]-hm-kn-If
- p-sS kp-hn-ti-jh
- X
- I
v- c
- W
- Ø
- n\pw A-P]
- m-e\
- ip{iqjbv°pw Bbp≈ kotdm a-e-_m¿ IΩo-j≥ At\I h¿-jßfm-bn A£oWw ]-cn-{i-an®p -h-cp∂p. C-¥y-bv-°-I-Øp-≈
{]-hm-kn-I-fp-sS B-h-iy-߃ kw-c-£n-°p-∂-Xv A-∏kv-tXmenIv hn-kn-t‰-‰-dpsS t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep-≈ km-t¥mw an-j-\m-Wv.
17) {]-hm-kn-I-fp-sS kw-`m-h-\-Iƒ: kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`-bnse {]-hm-kn-Iƒ Hcpan®p-tN¿-∂p Iq-´m-bv-a-Iƒ cq-]o-I-cn80
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
°pIbpw Xß-fpsS k-maq-lyhpw kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-hpam-b Po-hnXw AXXp {]-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ B-hn-jv-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.
CØ-cw Iq-´m-ba
v- I
- f
- n¬- ]pXn-b X-ea
- p-db
- p-sS kPoh]-¶m-fn-Øw
{i-t≤-b-amWv. H-cp a-tX-X-c k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ km-wkvImcnI-hpw
cm- j v - { So- b - h pam- b afießf- n ¬ A- h ¿ {Inbm- fl - I - a mbn
h¿Øn°p-∂p. {In-kvXo-b Iq-´m-bva
- I
- fnepw {In-kvXo-b k-`I
- ƒ°n-S-bnepw hnhn[ a-X-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ-°n-S-bnepw {]h¿Øn
°phm≥ {]-hm-kn-kaq-lß-ƒ°v \n-ch-[n A-h-k-c-߃ D≠v.10 ss{I-kv-X-h hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sS C-S-bnepw a-‰p hn-`m-K-߃°n-S-bnepw X߃°p≈ F√m ku-I-cy-ß-fpw ]ckv]cw ]¶p-h®
- pPohn°phm\pw k-aq-l\
- ∑
- b
- °
v- m-bn Po-hI
- m-cp-Wy-{]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ G¿-s∏-Sphm\pap≈ Ah-k-c-߃ {]-hm-kn kaq-l-߃ Hcp°p-∂p.
18) ]p-tcmKXn ssIh-cn®p -sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂ {]hm-kn-Iƒ
Xß-fp-sS k-ºm-Zy-Øn-s‚ \-s√m-cp ]¶pw kztZ-itØbv-°v
A-b-°p∂-p. AXph-gnbmbn A-h-c-p-sS Ip-Sw-_-ß-fn-epw C-S-hI-I-fnepw -{Km-a-ß-fnepw am-{Xa√, tI-c-f kw-ÿm-\-Ønepw `mc-XØn-sem-´m-sIbpw h-≥t- Xm-Xn-ep-≈ kmº-ØnI `{ZX ssIhcp∂p. B-b-Xn-\m¬, kotdm a-e-_m-¿ k-`mw-K-ß-fp-sS {]-hm-kPo-hn-X-Øn-eqsS A-h¿ ]-dn-®p-\-S-s∏-´ C-S-ß-fn-se {]m-tZin-I
k-aq-l-߃-°p am-{Xa√, am-Xr-k-`-bv°pw amXrcmPy-Øn\pw
hf¿® D≠mIp-∂p-≠v.
4. {]-hm-knIfpsS sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ
19) hn-izm-k-Øn-s‚bpw ]m-c-º-cy-Øn-s‚-bpw ssIam‰w:
{]-hm-knI-ƒ X-ß-fp-sS amXr-tZi-Øp\n-∂v hy-Xn-cn-‡-am-b Hcp ]p-Xp-a-Æn-te-°p ]-dn-®p-\-S-s∏´hcmWv. ]p-Xp-aÆpw km-lN-cy-ßfpw F-t∏mgpw A-\p-Iq-ea
- √m-ØX
- n-\m¬ Ah-sb th≠hn[w Dƒs°m≈phm≥ {]hm-kn-Isf k÷-amt°≠Xv A-hcp-sS h-f¿-®b
- v°v A-\n-hm-cy-amWv. Xßfp-sS hn-izm-kt- Øbpw
k-`-bp-sS ]mc-ºcyßtfbpw ka-\z-bn-∏n®v Po-hn-°phm≥Ign™ Ime-ß-fn¬ {]-hm-kn Ip-Spw-_-߃ h-f-sc-b-[n-Iw {]bm-kß
- ƒ k-ln-®n-cp-∂p. Ip-Spw-_]
- m-cº
- c
- y-߃, {]m¿∞-\I
- ƒ,
Ip-Spw-_-aq-ey- kw-hn-[m\߃, kmw-kv-Imcn-I ]m-c-º-cy߃,
81
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
B-Nm-cm-\p-jvTm-\߃, ap-X-em-b-h h-gn A-h-¿- Xßfp-sS hnizmk- s Ø kw- c - £ n®ncp∂p. kotdm a- e - _ m¿ k- ` - b p- s S
X\Xmb AP-]m-e\ip-{iq-j-bp-sS A-`mhØn¬, B-cm-[-\m{I-asshhn[yßsf Ku\n-°msX, e`y-amb Bcm[\m-\pjvTm\ßfn¬ ]¶p-tNcp-hm≥ Ah¿ \n¿_‘nX-cmbn Xo¿∂p.]t£ amXr-k`- b
- nse Bcm[\m-\p-jvTm\ßfn¬ ]¶p-tNtc≠Xns‚ IS-as
- b-°p-dn®v Ahcn¬ \s√mcp ]¶pw A-ht- _m[ap≈h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. CØ-cp-WØ
- n¬, A-wKoImcan√mØ tbm-K߃,
{]m¿∞-\mIq-´m-bv-aIƒ, skIvSp-Iƒ F-∂n-h-bn¬ \n-∂v A-I∂n-cn°p-I F∂-Xv a¿Ω{]-[m-\-amWv. kXyhniz-mkØn¬ \n∂p hyXn-Nen∏n°p∂ CØcw kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬\n∂v AI∂ncn-°p-hm≥ k`m-a°
- ƒ A-Xo-h{- i-≤b
- p-≈h
- cmbn-cn-°Ww.
20) kotdm ae-_m¿ Bcm-[-\-{IaØns‚ BtLm-j-hpw
hn-izm-k]
- cnio-e\
- h
- pw (Catechism) {]-hm-kn-If
- p-sS C-Sb
- n¬ hnizm-k ssIam-‰Øn-\p-≈ hfsc ^-e-{]-Zam-b D-]m-[n-IfmWv.
C-h Imcy-£-a-ambn \S-ØpI F∂Xv k-`-bp-sS I¿-Ø-hy-hpwsh√p-hn-fnbpam-Wv. {]hmkn kaq-l-ß-fn¬ Zo¿L-\m-fmbn
kotdm ae-_m¿ Bcm-[\
- {- IaØn¬ XpS¿®bmbn ]s¶Sp°p∂
hnizmkn-Iƒ IqSp-X¬ sFIy-Øn¬ Hcp kaq-la
- mbn Pohn°p∂Xmbn ImWphm≥ km[n°pw. {]hmkn kaq-l-ß-fnse
hnizm-kn-Iƒ ]e cq]-XI
- f
- n¬ \n∂pw h∂ptN¿∂hcmI-bm¬,
Ah-sc-sb√mw Dƒs°m≈p∂-Xn\v {]hmkn kaq-l-ß-fn¬
A¿∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂ Bcm-[-\-{I-ahpw IqZm-i-Ifpw Ft∏mgpw
kotdm ae-_m¿ kn\Uv AwKo-I-cn® {KŸ-ßfpw- A\p-jvTm\-hn-[nIfpw (synodal formula) A\p-k-cn-®p-≈Xmbn-cn-°-Ww.11
{]-hm-kn-Iƒ Xß-fpsS sNdp-∏-Im-e-ß-fn¬ Xs∂ amXrtZisØ D-t]-£n-t°≠n-h∂-Xn-\m¬ ]e am-Xm-]n-Xm-°fpw
A-h-cp-sS hn-izm-k-]m-c-º-cy-ßtfbpw A-h-bp-sS A¿-∞ßtfbpwIpdn®v A⁄-cm-Wv. ]-cº-cmK-Xa
- mb hn-izm-k]
- cnioe-\- co-XnIƒ {]-hm-kn-I-fp-sS kml-N-cy-ß-sfbpw B-h-iy-ßsfbpw th≠-hn[w Dƒs°m≈phm≥ ]-et- ∏mgpw ]cym-]vXamIp∂n√. F-∂m¬ Cu ZuXyw ^-e-{]-Z-am-bn \n¿Δ-ln°p-hm≥ \Ωp-sS hnizmk-]c
- n-io-e\
- N
- {- I-hm-fß
- ƒ C\nbpw hn-]p-ea
- m-t°82
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. kw-LS- n-Xa
- mb hn-izm-k]
- cnio-e\
- km[y-XI
- ƒ
C√msX hcptºmƒ- ko-tdm a-e-_m¿ ]mT-]p-kv-X-I-߃ D-]tbm-Kn®p-sIm-≠p Xß-fpsS a°sf hn-izm-k-w ]cnio-e-n
∏n°phm-\p-≈ D-Ø-c-hm-ZnXzw am-Xm-]n-Xm-°ƒ G-s‰-Sp-°Ww.
Ip-Spw-_Ø
- n-se ap-Xn¿-∂h
- c
- n¬ hn-izm-khpw B-[ym-fln-IX
- bpw
t{]m-Pz-en-∏n-°m≥ ap-Xn¿-∂-h¿°p≈ hn-izm-k-]cnio-e-\hpw(adult catechism) \-S-∏n-em-t°≠nbncn-°p-∂p.
21) {]-hm-kn-Iƒ-°n-Sb
- n¬ `qcn-`m-Khpw bp-hP
- \
-- ß
- fpw bph
Ip-Spw-_ß
- f
- p-am-Wv. B[p-\nI B-ib
- h
- n- \n-ab kwhn-[m\߃,
Po-hn-Xs
- si-enIƒ, BtLm-jß
- ƒ apX-em-bh C-hsc {ZpXKXnbn¬ - kzm-[o-\n°p∂p. \-K-c-ß-fn¬ H-cp A-⁄m-XXzw (anonymity) \n-e-\n¬-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ k-`-bv-°v A-Xm-Xp ÿ-e-ß-fnse {]-hm-knI-sf Xn-cn-®-dn-bm≥ I-gn-bp-∂n√. Imcy-£-a-amb
kwhn-[m\ßfptSbpw Bi-b-kw-th-Z-\ am¿§-ß-fptSbpw A`m-h-amWv Cu Zpc-h-ÿ-bv-°p Im-cWw. kz-¥w sXm-gn-en-\pw
km-ºØn-I `-{Z-Xb
- v°pw km-aq-ly-Po-hn-X \n-eh
- m-cØ
- n\pw ap≥Xq-°w sIm-Sp-°p-∂-Xp-aq-ew B[p-\nI Xe-ap-d A-h-cp-sS k-ao]-Øp-≈ C-S-h-I-Iƒ A-t\z-jn-®p -I-s≠-Øp-∂-Xn\pt]mepw
sshapJyw ]pe¿Øp-∂p.
22) Ip-Spw-__
- ‘
- ߃: {]-hm-kn Ip-Spw-_ß
- ƒ an-°h
- mdpw
AWpIp-Spw-_-ßfmWv. Bg-amb Ip-Spw-_-_-‘-ß-fpsS A-`mhw aq-ew sI-´p-d-∏n-s‚ _ew A-h¿°v \jvSam-Ip∂p. km[m-cW-bmbn {]-hm-k-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ _-‘p-°ƒ C√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ ]q¿-W-ambpw X-ß-fp-sS a°-sf B-{i-bn-t°≠n
hcp∂p. Cu A-hÿ
A-hc
- p-sS a-°f
- p-sS IpSpw-_P
- o-hn-Xs
- Ø
kmc-ambn _m-[n-°p∂p. tPm-en-ÿ-e-ß-fn-se t¢-i-ßfpw ]ncn-ap-dp-°-ßfpw, h¿-[n-®p-h-cp-∂ km-º-Øn-I-`m-chpw, hm-bv-]Ifpw, Ip-Spw-_mw-K-ß-fp-sS Akm-∂n-≤yØm¬ hcp∂ k-lmb-an√m-bvabpw a‰pw bphIp-Spw-_-ß-fp-sS am-\kn-I k-Ω¿±sØ h¿-[n-∏n-°p-Ibpw Pohn-XØ
- ns‚ Bh-iy-XI
- t- fmSv th≠hn[w {]Xyp-Ø-cn-°p-hm≥ A-h¿- IjvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p.
tPmen-ÿ-eß-fn¬-\n∂pw hf-sc ssh-In- FØp-∂-Xp-aq-ew
{]m¿-∞-\m-Po-hn-Xhpw Ip-Spw-_PohnX-Øn-se ISa-Ifpw A-h83
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
K-Wn-°p-hm≥ A-h¿ \n¿-_-‘n-X-c-am-Ip-∂p.
23) hn-izm-k-Øn¬ h-f-cm≥ Ip-´n-Iƒ-°p \√ am-Xr-I-Ifpw
km-£y-ß-fpw B-h-iy-amWv. ap≥Ime-ß-fn¬ hey-∏∑mcpw
hey-Ω-am-cpw A-h-cp-sS t]-c-°p-´n-Iƒ-°p hn-izm-kw ssI-amdnbncp-∂p. F∂m¬ C∂sØ {]hm-k-km-l-N-cy-ßfn¬ bp-hIp-Spw-_-߃ am-Xm-]n-Xm°-sf hn-´p sNdn-b ^v-fm-‰p-I-fnsem
ho- S p- I - f nsem am- d n- Ø m- a - k n- ° p∂Xn\m¬ ta¬- ∏ - d - ™
hn[Ønep≈ hn-izmk ssI-am-‰Øn\p≈ A-h-k-c-߃ C√mXm-hp-∂p.
24) hn-hm-l߃: kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`-bv-°p hnhm-l k{º-Zm-b-sØbpw Ip-Spw-_-Po-hn-X-sØbpw kw-_-‘n-®p hf-sc
k-º-∂am-b ]m-c-º-cy-ß-fpw ss]-Xr-I-hp-ap-≠v. C-Xp \q-‰m-≠pI-fm-bn \-Ωp-sS ]q¿-h]
- n-Xm-°∑
- m¿ A-N©
- e
- a
- m-b hn-izm-kt- ØmsS \n[n-t]m-se Im-Øp-kq-£n-®p ssI-amdn-b A-aq-ey k-ºØm-Wv. hn-hm-l-Øn-se hn-ip-≤nbpw hn-izkvX-Xbpw D-b¿-Øn∏n-Sn®p-sIm-≠v Ip-Spw-_-ß-fp-sS sI-´p-dp∏pw {]-i-kv-Xnbpw Ah¿ \n-e-\n¿ØpIbpw {]hm-k ÿ-e-ß-fn-se hyXykvX kwkvI
- m-cß
- f
- n-ep-≈h
- ¿ t]m-epw A\p-Ic
- n-°Ø° hn[-Øn¬ Cu
ss]-Xr-Ihpw ]m-c-º-cyhpw ap-tºm-´p sIm≠p-t]m-hpIbpw
sNbvXncp∂p. F∂m¬ B-tKm-f-h-Xv-I-c-W-kwkvImc-Øns‚
{]h-WX
- I
- f
- mb, D-]t- `m-K kw-kvI
- m-cw, A-Wp-Ip-Spw-_h
- yh-ÿ,
]m-›m-Xy-kw-kv-Im-c-Øn-s‚ A-\p-I-cWw, km-t¶-Xn-I-im-kv-{XØn-s‚ h-f¿-®, A-Xn-s‚ Zp-cp-]-tbmKw, kz-¥w sXm-gnen-t\m-Sp≈ A-an-Xam-b Bk-‡n ap-X-em-b-h {]-hmkn-I Ip-Spw-_-ßfp-sS A-Sn-th-cn-f°phm≥ ]e-t∏mgpw Imc-W-am-Ip∂p. D∂-Xamb Ip-Spw-_a
- qey-ßsf kwc-£n-°p-hm≥ k-` CØ-cw {]iv\ßsf Kuc-h-ambn IW-°n-seSpt°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
25) an-{i-hn-hm-l-ßfpw (mixed marriages) hyXykvX aXhn`mKßfn¬s∏´-h¿ XΩn-ep-ff hn-hm-lß
- fpw (disparity of cult
marriages) {]-hm-kn-I-fp-sS C-S-bn¬ h¿-[n-®phcn-I-bm-Wv. ]-cº-cm-K-X-am-b co-Xn-bn¬, ap≥Iq´n \n›-bn®pd-∏n-®p hn-hm-ln-Xcm-hp-∂-h-cp-sS F-Æw 60˛70 i-X-am-\-tØm-f-am-bn Ip-d-™p
t]mbn-cn-°p∂p. Po-hn-X-]-¶m-fn-sb sX-c-s™-Sp-°m-\p-≈ hy84
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
‡n-kzm-X-{¥y-Øn-s‚ A-S-bm-f-am-bn t{]-a-hn-hm-l߃ Icp-Xs∏-Sp-∂p. B¨˛s]¨ ku-lr-ZsØ al-Xzo-I-cn-°p∂ hn-Zyme-b-ß-fnepw I-em-e-b-ß-fn-ep-am-Wp `qcn-`mKw I-tØm-en-°m
Ip´n-Ifpw ]Tn°p-∂-Xv. kz-¥w k-ap-Zm-b-Øn¬ \n∂pw X-\n°p tN¿-∂ Po-hn-X-]-¶m-fn-sb I-≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥ km-[n-°p-∂ns√-∂p-≈Xpw, \m¬-]-Xp-I-fnepw hn-hm-lw \-S-°m-sX t]m-Ip∂-Xn-se A-\n-›n-X-Xzhpw, Po-hn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p hy-‡am-b ho£-W-߃ C√msX-t]mIp∂Xpw B-Uw-_-c coXn-Ifpw, C-S-bv°n-sS Iq-´pIm-cpsam-Øp≈ hmcm¥yH-Øp-tNc-ep-Ifpw, am-\pjn-I, Ip-Spw-_ aq-ey-ß-fp-sS Kp-cp-X-camb ssi-Yn-eyhpw,
kzm¿∞-_p-≤nbpw, kz-tI-{μoIr-X Po-hn-Xhpsa√mw {]-hm-knI-fnse bp-h-X-e-apd-sb {]-Xn-Iq-e-am-bn _m-[n-®n-´p-≠v.
26) \n›nX A[nImc]cn[n-°p (Proper territory) ]p-dØp≈h-cpsS AP-]m-e\ ip{iq-j-bnse \n-_-‘-\Iƒ:
kotdm a-e-_m¿ k`-sb A-©p {]-hn-iy-I-fm-bn AXn¿Øn
\n¿Æbn®Xp -tem-Iw ap-gp-h-\pap-≈ A-hfpsS a-°ƒ-°p ^-e{]-Zam-b AP-]m-e\ ip{iq-j- \¬-Ip-∂-Xn-\p X-S-k-am-bnØo¿∂p. ]-cn-ip-≤ knw-lmk-\w a-Xnbm-b am¿-Kt- c-JI
- f
- pw Imt\m\n-I N-´-ßfpw cq]oIcn®n´ps≠¶nepw knwl-`mKw {]hmkn-Iƒ-°pw Xr-]v-Xn-I-cam-b AP-]m-e\ ip{iq-j e-`n-°p-∂n√.
Bcm-[-\-{Ia-Po-hn-Xw, hn-izm-k-]cnio-e-\-w, k`-bp-sSbpw IpSpw-_ßfpsSbpw hn-izm-k ]m-c-º-cy-ß-fn¬ \n∂pap≈ A\yh-XvI-c-Ww, F-∂n-h- C-∂p {]-hm-kn-Iƒ A-`n-aq-Jo-I-cn-°p∂Kp-c-X-cam-b {]-iv-\-ß-fm-Wv. C-¥y-bp-sS C-t∏mg-sØ {]-tXy-I
km-l-N-cy-Øn¬ H-cp-h≥ X-s‚ kz-¥ \m-´n¬ H-cp {]-hm-kn-bmbn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-se Akm-[m-c-WXzw C-∂sØ Ku-cmham-b Hcp
{]-iv-\-am-Wv. {]-hm-kn-Ifm-b hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sS F-Æw ]-cn-K-Wn°p-tºmƒ, e-Øo≥ k-`-t°m kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`-t°m
IrXyam-b ÿn-Xn-hn-h-c I-W-°pIfn√. kotdm a-e-_m¿ {]-hmkn- I ƒ- ° p Bhiyam- b AP- ] m- e \ ip{iq- j e`yam°phm≥th≠n k-`m- \n-ba
- ߃ A-Xn-s‚ Ir-Xyam-b ]-cn-t{]£y-Øn-eq-sS a-\-kn-em-°phm≥ {ian-°p-Ibpw Ahsb \S∏nem°p-hm≥ t¢-ihpw I-cp-X-ep-Ifpw F-Sp-°pIbpw sNbvX
85
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
e-Øo≥ k`-bnse sa-{Xm-∑m-cp-sS kvX
- p-Xy¿-lam-b tkh-\sØ
kotdm a-e-_m¿ hn-izm-knIƒ G-sd hne-a-Xn-°p-∂p-≠v. F∂ncp-∂mepw, e-Øo≥ k`-bn¬s∏´ Nne A-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw sshZoIcpw k-`m-]-T-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ {]ISnXam-b A⁄-X-sIm≠v , kotdm a- e - _ m¿ hn- i zm- k n- I - ƒ °mbp≈ A- P - ] me\ip{iqj {]-hm-kn- kaq-lß
- f
- n¬ Ass\Iyw kr-„n-°p--sa∂v
I-cp-Xp-∂p. kw-hm-Z-Øn-eq-sSbpw e-Øo≥ sa-{Xm-∑m-cp-am-bp-≈
k-lI
- c
- W
- Ø
- n-eq-sSbpw am-{X-ta C-Xn\p ^-e{- ]-Za
- m-b ]cn-lmcw
ImWm≥ km-[n-°q. kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`-bn¬ \n∂pw \n-k-lI-cn-®p am-dn-\n¬-°pIbpw e-Øo≥ CS-h-I-I-fn¬ `mKn-I-ambn
tNcp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≈ {]-hm-knI-sf Xn-cn®p-sIm-≠p-hcp∂Xn\v kw-L-Sn-X-amb {]-bv-X-\w B-h-iy-am-Wv.
27) tI-c-f-Øn-te-°p-≈ {]-hmkw: `mc-X-Øns‚ A\y-kwÿm-\ß
- f
- n¬\n∂v tI-cf
- Ø
- n-tebv°p≈ {]-hm-kw \-Ωp-sS {]tXy-I {i-≤ A¿-ln-°p-∂ B[p\nI {]Xn-`m-k-am-Wv. tI-c-fØn-se B-sI P-\-kw-Jy-bn¬ GI-tZiw 7% i-X-am-\w BfpIƒ A\y-kw-ÿm-\-ß-fn¬\n∂p≈hcm-Wv. an-j≥ cq-]-X-Ifnepw {]-hm-kn-Iƒ-°p-th-≠n-bp-≈ cq-]-X-I-fnepw C-tX ÿnX-nh
- n-ti-jw X-s∂-bm-Wv \n-eh
- n-ep-≈X
- v. {]-hm-knIfmbn FØp∂-hsc kzoI-cn°phm≥ \-Ωp-sS k-` k÷-am-bn-cn-t°-≠-XmWv. a‰v k-`-I-fn-se I-tØm-en-°¿°pw hnhn-[ hn`m-K-ß-fn¬s∏-´ A-I-tØm-en-°cm-b {In-kv-Xy-≥ {]-hm-kn-Iƒ°pw A-P]me-\ip{iqj B-h-iy-ap-≠v.12 {]hm-kn-I-fmbn IS-∂p-h-cp∂
Bfp-IfpsS `m-j-, kw-kv-Im-c-w, hnizmk]m-c-º-cyß-ƒ, -k`mhy-‡n-Xz-w, B-cm-[-\m-{I-a-߃ F∂nh _-lp-am-\n®p-sIm≠pXs∂ A-P-]me-\ip{iqj \evIp-hm≥ kotdm a-e-_m¿ k`bn-se A-P-]m-e-I-cpw hn-izm-kn-I-fpw {i≤nt°-≠-Xm-Wv.
5. kotdm a-e-_m¿ {]-hm-k-sØ-°p-dn-®p-≈ ho£W-߃
28) {]-hm-kn k-`bn¬ \n∂pw B-tKm-f-k-`-bn-te°v: sXt° C-¥y-bnep-≈ H-cp sIm-®p-kw-ÿm\-Øp am{Xw H-Xp-ßn\n-∂n-cp-∂ kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`, 75 h¿-j-sØ Im-e-b-f-hnep≠mb {]-hm-k-Øn-eq-sS, K-Wyamb tXm-Xn¬ tem-I-Øn-se
k-I-e `q-J-fi-ß-fn-te°pw hym-]n-®p. {]-hm-kw H-cn-°epw
86
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-` Xo-cp-am-\n-®p-d-∏n-® H-cp kw-L-Sn-X apt∂‰-am-bn-cp∂n√; {]XypX ssZh-]-cn-]m-e\bpsS `mK-ambn-cp-∂p.
Im-e-{Ia-Øn¬, X߃ ]dn-®p-\-S-s∏´ kw-kv-Im-ctØmSv CgpIn-tN¿∂v {]-hm-kn-Iƒ a-Æn-s‚ a-°f
- mbn, A-hn-sS B-gØ
- n¬
th-cp-d-∏n®p. A{]-Imcw kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`-bv°v Hcp B-tKmfam\w ssIh-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬, {]-hm-kn-Iƒ-°mbp≈ AhfpsS A-P]
- m-e\
- - {]h¿-Ø\
- ß
- ƒ°pw km¿Δ-{Xn-Ia
- m\w ssIhtc-≠n-bncn°p∂p. Im-e-Øn-s‚ Nph-sc-gp-Øp-Iƒ hmbn-®psIm≠,v -kw-kv-Im-c߃, `m-jIƒ, aX ]-›m-Ø-e-߃ F-∂nßs\- k-`m-Po-hn-X-hpambn _‘-s∏´ F√m Xe߃°pw Hcp
B-tKm-f-am\w \¬-Iphm≥ -kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`- k∂-≤bmtI≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.
29) hn-hn-[ `m-jm˛a-X˛kw-kvIm-cßfnep≈ {]-hm-kn-Iƒ:
k-`m-flI
- X
- \n-asb kmw-kvI
- mcn-I X\n-ab
- n¬\n-∂pw th¿Xn-cn®v
ImtW-≠n-bn-cn-°p∂p. H-∂m-a-tØ-Xv Hcp hy-‡n-bp-sS {In-kvXo-b hn-izm-k-Øns‚ ImXepw c-≠m-a-tØ-Xv A-\pZn-\ Po-hnX-Øn-s‚ {]-Im-i-\-hp-am-Wv. Hm-tcm kzbm-[n-Imck-`bpw (sui
iuris Church) A-X-Xn-s‚ B-cm-[-\m-{I-a-߃ Im-Øp-kq-£n-°Wsa-∂mWp k-`m-\n-ba
- ß
- ƒ A-\p-im-kn-°p-∂Xv. {]hmknIƒ
ssh-hn-[y-am¿-∂ kmwkvIm-cnI ]-›m-Ø-e-Øn-¬ Po-hn-°p-∂Xn\m¬ k-`m-fl-Ihpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb {]-h¿-Ø-\-߃ Xo¿®-bmbpw {]-hm-kn-I-fp-sS ]pXn-b km-l-N-cy-߃-°p CW-ßp∂Xpw tbm-Pn-°p∂Xp-am-bn-cn-°Ww; I-gn-bp-∂Xpw, ]pXn-b ]›mØ-eØn¬ A¿∞-hØpw {]k-‡hpam-bncn-°W
- w. {]-hmk-tZ-i-ß-fn¬ `m-j, `-£-W-io-e-߃, sXm-gn¬[m¿ΩnIX, hkv-{X-[m-c-W co-XnIƒ, Po-hn-X-ssi-en-Iƒ F-∂n-h-sb√mw hyXy-kv-X-am-bn-cn-°pw. F-∂m-¬ C-Ø-cw L-S-I-ßsfm∂pwXs∂
H-cph-s‚ k-`m-fl-I X\n-abv°v X-S-k-am-bn \n¬-°p-hm≥ ]cym-]v-X-a√.
30) k-`m-fl-I X\na Pohn-°p-Ibpw {]-I-S-n∏n°p-Ibpw
sNøp∂Xv hy-Xn-c-‡am-b kw-kv-Im-c-ß-fnemWv.13 F-∂m¬
k-`m-fl-I X\n-asb hngp-ßn°fbphm≥ GsX-¶nepw Hcp {]tXy- I kw- k v - I m- c - Ø n\v km- [ n- ° n√. H- c p kw- k v - I m- c - h pw
87
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
\n›etam ]q¿Ætam A√; cq-]m-¥-co-I-c-Whpw ip-≤o-I-cWhpw A-Xn-\v B-h-iy-amWv. {]-hm-knIƒ-°v Xß-fpsS k-`mfl-IX\na GXp kw-kv-Im-c-Ønepw Po-hn-°m≥ I-gn-bpw. BZnass{I-kX
v- h
- k-aq-l߃ C-Xn\v DØ-aam-Xr-II
- fmWv.14 kotdm
a-e-_m-¿ k-` -Ah-fpsS ss]-Xr-I-k-º-Øn¬ Po-hn-°p-tºmƒ
A-Xn-s‚ ssh-hn-[y-am¿-∂ ]mT-t`-Z-ß-ƒ {]hmkn kaq-l-ßfn¬ c-Nn-°phm-≥ km-[n-°pw. D-Zm-l-c-W-Øn-\v Kƒ-^v cm-Pyß-fn¬ sh-≈n-bm-gv-N-bmWv I¿Øm-hns‚ Zn-h-k-am-bn {]-hmknIƒ B-N-cn-°p-∂-Xv. bq-tdm-∏n-sebpw A-ta-cn-°-bn-se-bpw
h-kv-{X-[m-c-W-co-Xn-Iƒ {]hm-kn-I-fmb hn-izm-kn-I-fpsSbpw
sshZo-I-cp-sSbpw HutZym-KnI h-kv-{X-[m-c-W-co-XnIsf kzm-[o\n-°p-hm≥ km[y-X-bp≠v. F∂n-cp-∂mepw tI-c-f-Øn-\v ]pdtØbv°p hym-]n-°p∂ kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-` -tI-c-f kw-kvImc-Øns‚ ]-I¿∏msW∂ B-tcm]-Ww A-{X \n-km-c-am-bn
X-≈n-°-f-bm-hp-∂X√. tI-c-f kw-kv-Im-c-tØm-Sp-≈ Cu H´nt®-c¬ kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`-bv-°p tI-c-f-Øn-\p ]pd-Øv X-g-®ph-f-cp-∂-Xn-\v H-cp X-S-k-am-bn `-hn°ptam F-∂ Im-cy-Øn¬ Bfl-]cn-tim-[-\ B-h-iy-ap-≠v.
31) kmw-kv-Im-cn-I-k-¶-e-\-w (interculturation): {]-hm-k-tZisØ ]pXn-b kw-kv-Im-c-Øn-te-°v {]-hm-knI-sf Iq-´n-t®¿-°p∂-Xn-\p ]I-cw {]-hm-kn-I-fpsS X\-Xp kw-kv-Im-c-Øns‚bpw
]pXn-b kw-kv-Im-cßfp-tSbpw XpS-¿®-bp-≈Xpw ]-c-kv-]-c]q-cIhpam-b B-ib
- ß
- f
- p-sS ]-ck
- v]
- c
- hn-\n-ab
- a
- m-Wv kmw-kvI
- mcnI k-¶-e\Øn¬ kw`hn°p∂Xv. Cu {]-h¿-Ø-\ ssi-en Hmtcm {]-hm-kn-bp-sSbpw kw-kv-Im-c-nI Pohn-X-ssi-en-I-fn¬
kv^pcn-°p-∂p-≠v. ]pXn-b km-lN
- c
- y-tØm-Sv C-Wß
- n-t®-cm\pw
X\na \n-e-\n¿-Øm\pw G-‰hpw DNn-X-amb am¿Kw Cu ]m-c-kv]-cy-Øn-s‚ ss\-c-¥-cy-Øn-eq-sS A-h-\-h-s\Ø-s∂ ]m-I-s∏Sp- Ø n cq- ] m- ¥ - c - s ∏- S pØp- I F- ∂ - X m- W v . sshZo- I - s cm
{]hmknkaql-ßtfm Cu {]-In-b-bn-eq-sS I-S∂p-t]m-Im≥
ssh-a\
- kyw Im-Wn-®m¬, bp-hX
- e
- ap-d k-`m-flI
- hy-‡n-Xz-sØ
A-{]k‡ambn am-{X-ta ImWq. hn-I-kn®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-∂
]pXn-b kw-kv-Im-c-߃°pw {]-h-W-X-Iƒ°pw C-Wßpw hn88
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
[w kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`mw-K-ß-fp-sS `m-j-sb-bpw {]-h¿Ø\ssi-en-sbbpw kw-th-Z-\£-a-X-bp-≈-Xm-°n-Øo¿-°Ww.
enw-Km-h-t_m-[-sØ°p-dn-®v h-f-cp-∂ B-Z¿-i-߃, `m-h-mhn-jvIm-c-kzm-X-{¥yw, k-l-I-c-Wm-fl-Iam-b B-kq-{XWw, kw-LSnXb-⁄ß
- f
- n-se kp-Xm-cy-X F∂n-h hn-Ikn-X cm-Py-ßf
- p-sSbpw
\-Kc
- ß
- f
- p-sSbpw kp-{]-[m-\am-b aq-ey-ßf
- n¬ Nn-eX
- m-Wv. CØcw km-aq-lyaq-ey-ßs
- f ip-{iq-jm- taJ-eI
- f
- n¬ hne-aXn-°m\pw
Dƒ-s°m-≈m\pw k-`m-t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-\p I-gn-bW
- w. kotdm a-e_
- m¿
k-`- BtKm-fk`bmbn-s°m≠n-cn-°p∂ C∂sØ ]-›m-Ø-eØn¬ C- { ]Im- c - a p≈ kmw- k v - I m- c n- I - k - ¶ - e - \ - w km[y- a mIp∂Xmhiy-amb am¿-K-߃ kzoIcn°phm≥ sshZoIcpw
AP- ] m- e \ ip{iq- j - b n¬ t\- X rXzw sImSp°p- ∂ - h cpw
{i≤n°Ww.
32) {]-hm-kn-I-fn-eqsSbp≈ kp-hn-ti-j-h-Xv-Ic-Ww: k-`bp-sS N-cn-{X-Øn¬, N-e-\mflI-X kp-hn-ti-j-{]-tLmj-W-Øn\p-≈ apJy D]m[nbmbn. - {]-hm-kn-Ifmb hnizm-kn-Iƒ A-hcp-sS Po-hn-Xhpw km-£yhpw h-gn h-N-\-{]-tLm-j-W-Øn-s‚ D]-I-c-W-ßfm-bn-Øo¿-∂p. k-`m-a-°-fp-sS A\p-kyq-X-amb
t{]jnXbm-{X-If
- m-Wp tem-IØ
- n-s‚ F√m ap-°nepw aq-eb
- nepw
k`-sb hym-]n-∏n-®-Xv. Cut-im-sb°pdn®v tI-´n-´n√m-Ø-h-tcmSv
A-hn-Sp-sØ {]-tLm-jn-°phm-\pw Ah-cpsS D-d-ßn-°n-S-°p-∂
ss{I-kv-X-h a-\-km-£n-sb \-hoI-c-W km-£y-Øn-eq-sS D-W-¿Øp-hm-\p-ap-≈ Bflo-tbm-Ø-c-hm-ZnXzw ssZhw Hmtcm {]-hmkn-sbbpw `- c-ta-ev]n®n-´p-≠v. Rm≥ kp-hn-ti-jw {]-kw-Kn-°p∂n-s√-¶n¬ F-\n-°p Zp-cn-Xw (1 sIm-dn. 9.16), F∂ hn-ip-≤
]u-tem-kv «o-lb
- p-sS hm-°pIƒ Hmtcm {]-hm-kn-bp-sSbpw lrZ-b-Øn¬ {]-Xn-[z-\n-°-Ww. am¿-tØm-am-«o-lm `m-c-X-Øn-te°v A-b-°-s∏-´Xp-t]m-se kotdm a-e-_m¿ {]-hm-kn-Iƒ temIw ap-gp-h-\n-te°pw A-b-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p. {]-hm-ksa∂Xv Ah-cp-sS am{Xw \n-e-\n¬-]n-\pw km-º-Øn-I-`-{Z-X-bv°pw th-≠nam{Xap-≈X√, {]XypX, -k`-sb BtKm-f-h-XvI-cn-°p-hm-\p≈
ZuXyØn¬ ]¶p-tN-cp∂-Xn\pw Iq-Sn-bm-Wv.
33) ssl-μ-h `qcn-]£ap-≈ D-Ø-tc-¥y≥ kw-ÿm-\-ß89
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
ƒ, ap-…ow `qcn-]£ap-≈ Kƒ-^v {]-tZ-i-ß-ƒ, {In-kv-Xy≥ `qcn]£ap-≈ bq-tdm-∏pv, hyXykvX aXhnizmk-߃ ]pe¿Øp∂
-a-‰p hntZicm-Py-ß-ƒ F∂n-hn-S-ß-fnep-≈ kotdm ae-_m¿ {]hm-kn-I-fp-sS km-∂n[yw Xs∂ kp-hn-ti-j-h-Xv-I-c-W-Øn-s‚
H-cp coXnbmWv. hnhn-[ a-X-ßfpw kw-kv-Im-c-ß-fp-ap-≈ a-tX-Xc k-aq-lßfp-am-bn kw-h-Zn-°m≥ ]-cn-ip-≤m-flm-hn-s‚ Ir-]mh-c-Øm¬ A-h¿ ]-Iz-X-bp-≈ ss{I-kv-X-h-cm-bn-Øocp∂p. hnizm-kn-Iƒ F-hn-sS h-fc
- p∂pthm A-hn-sS {In-kvX
- o-b km£yw
h-ln-°m≥ Ah-sc {]m-]v-X-cm-t°-≠ Npa-Xe kotdm a-e-_m¿
k-`-bp-tS-Xm-Wv. C-{]-Im-cw sN-bv-Xn-s√-¶n¬ A-Xn-s‚ ]-c-aam-b
\-„w km¿h-{XnI k-`-bv-°p X-s∂-bm-Wv.
34) aq-eym-[njvTn-X Ip-Spw-_hn-Zym-`ymkw: \m-K-cn-I-X-bp-sS
tLm-jm-c-h-߃-°n-S-bn¬ ssZ-h-i-–w ap-ßn-Øm-gv-∂pt]mIphm≥ CS-bp≠v. F√m kpJ-ku-I-cy-ß-fp-sSbpw ioX-f-Om-bbn¬ ]m¿°p∂ Ip´n-Iƒ°v I-„-∏m-Sp-Isf ssI-Imcyw sNøm\p≈ ]-cn-ioe-\w e`n-°p-∂n√. X≥aqew th-Z-\-I-sf-°pdn®pw ITn-\m-[zm-\s
- Ø-°p-dn®pw A-h¿-°p t_m-[y-an-s√-∂p am{Xa√, ]-W-Øn-s‚ aq-ey-sa-s¥∂pw A-h¿-°v A-dn-hn√. Nn-e
a-°ƒ A-h-cp-sS am-Xm-]n-Xm-°-fp-sS Po-hn-X-Im-ew ap-gp-h-\p-ap≈ A-[zm\-sØ Zp-¿-hy-bw sN-bv-Xp \-in-∏n-°p∂p. am-Xm-]n-Xm°ƒ a-°-fp-sS `m-hn-sb-°p-dn-®p-≈ {]-Xo-£-Iƒ°pw kz-]v-\߃-°p-an-S-bn¬ A-h-cp-sS Bflo-b aq-ey-]cn-io-e-\-Øn-\mbn
th≠{X C-Sw sImSp°p-∂n√. F-∂m¬ a-tX-Xc
- am-b H-cp Nn¥mKXnbpsS AXn-{]-k-cw-aqew bp-h-a-\-kp-Iƒ `uXnI aq-ey-ßfn-te-°p h-gp-Xn-am-dn. X-ß-fp-sS ka-btam I-gn-hp-Itfm Zm\ß-tfm H-∂pwX-s∂ \n-cm-ew-_cm-b k-tlm-Z-c-ßfpambn ]-¶ph-bv-°m≥ Ah¿ ]-cnio-en-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂n-√. \n-c-¥-c-hpw {]-XnZn-\-hp-ap-≈ Ip-Spw-_-{]m¿∞-\-Iƒ, hy-‡n-]-cam-b -{]m¿∞-\Iƒ, Iq-sS-°q-sS-bp-≈ Ip-ºk
- m-cw, hn. Ip¿_m\bnep≈ ]¶ptNc¬, ho-Sp-I-fp-sS hm¿jn-I sh-©-cn∏v, Ip-Spw-_ Iq-´m-bv-a-Ifn-ep-≈ `m-K-`m-Kn-Xzw, ]-¶p-h-bv-°-ep-Iƒ, Xo¿-Ym-S-\߃, hnt\m-Z-bm-{X-Iƒ ap-X-e-mb-h C∂v Xz-cn-X-K-Xn-bn¬ £-bn®p-sIm≠n-cn-°p-∂p.
90
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
35) k-`m-flI X\na: \q-‰m-≠p-I-fm-bn ssIam-dn- In-´nb k`m-hy-‡n-Xzhpw B-[ym-fln-IX
- bpw kw-c£
- n-°m\pw ]cn-t]m-jn∏n-°p-hm\pw ITn-\m-[zm-\w sNøp∂ At\Iw {]-hm-kn-Iƒ k`-bn-ep-≠v. \-Ωp-sS k-`m-hy-‡n-Xz-Øn-\v ]-e L-S-I-ß-fp-≠v.
kØm-]c
- a
- mb Imcy-ßfnsemgnsI, a‰p≈hbn¬ A-Xm-Xp tZisØ {]-h¿-Ø\ ssi-en-Iƒ kzo-I-cn-°m-hp-∂-XmWv. ho-Sp-sh©- c n∏v , P- \ \w, hn- h mlw, K¿- ` - [ m- c Ww, a- c - W w F- ∂ o
kμ¿`ßtfmS-\p-_‘n®v- am¿-tØm-am {In-kX
v- ym-\n-Iƒ-°p X\Xmb B-Nm-c-co-Xn-Iƒ D-≠v. hoSp-I-fn-ep≈ s]-k-lm B-N-cW-w, D-]-hm-k Zn-\ßtfmSp-Iq-Snb aq∂v, F´v, ]Xn-\-©v, Ccp-]Ø-©v, AºXv t\m-ºm-N-c-W߃, hn-ip≤ tXm-amivfolm-bps-Sbpw a-‰p hn-ip-≤-cp-s-Sbpw I_-dnS-ß-fn-te-°p≈ Xo¿-∞-bm{X XpS-ßn-bh am¿tØm-am {In-kv-Xym-\n-I-fp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ \n-e\n-∂n-cp-∂p. CXp-t]m-ep-≈ B-Nm-cm- \
- p-jvTm-\ß
- ƒ hn-izm-k]
- mc-º-cyßfn¬ Bg-s∏-Sm\pw a‰p-≈-hsc ]Tn-∏n-°phm-\p-≈ kμ¿-`-ß-fmbn \mw ImtW-≠XmWv. AXn-eqsS k-`m-fl-I hy‡n-Xzhpw aq-ey-ß-fpw- ssIam-‰w sNøs∏Sp∂p.
36) Xßfp-sS a°-sf ]-c-º-cmKX-amb {InkvXo-b-ssi-enIfn¬ h-f¿-Øn-s°m-≠p-hcn-I F-∂ Hcp sh√p-hn-fn- {]-hm-knIƒ t\cn-Sp∂p≠v. {]-hm-knIfpsS B-Zy-sØ X-eap-d A-h¿
Ip-Sn-tb-dp-∂-Xn-\p ap-ºv kotdm a-e-_m¿ k`bn-se Ip-Spw-_
B-Nm-cm-\p-jvTm-\ß
- ƒ amXr-tZ-iØv A-\p-h¿-Øn®ncp∂p. ]pXnb X-e-ap-d-bmI-s´ A-h¿ Po-hn-°p-∂ tZ-i-Øn-s‚bpw amXm-]nXm-°-fp-sSbpw aq-ey-hy-h-ÿn-Xn-Iƒ XΩnep≈ ssh-cp-[yßsf A-`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p-∂p. tI-c-f-Øn-\p ]pd-Øp h-f-cp-∂ bp-hX-eap-d k`-bpsS ]c-º-cm-K-X-amb B-Nm-c-߃ A-\p-jvTn-°pI-tbm, A-h-bp-sS B-g-ta-dn-b {]m-[m\yw b-Ym¿-∞-Øn-¬ a-\kn-em-°p-Itbm sN-ømsX hnime tem-I-Øn¬ Pohn°p-hm≥
Xmev]c
- y-s∏Sp∂p. Chsc {InkvXob ]mc-ºc
- y-ßf
- n¬ hf¿Øphm≥ D]-bp-‡-amb coXn-bn¬, ]p-Ø≥-km-l-N-cy-߃ Dƒs°m≠psIm-≠v, {]m-tZin-I `m-j-I-fn¬ Ip-Spw-_-{]m¿-∞-\-Ifpw hnizm-k-]-cn-io-e\{KŸßfpw cq-]-I-ev-]-\ sN-øWw.
37) F√m {]-h-W-X-Iƒ°pw H-cp {]-Xn-{]-h-W-X-bp≠v. B91
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
tKm-fh
- X
- vI
- c
- W
- Ø
- n-s‚ i‡-amb kzm[o-\Ø
- m¬ a-\p-jy≥ Xs‚ C-∂-se-I-fn-te-°v˛]q-¿-h-kw-kv-Im-c-Øn-te-°v Xn-cn®p- t]mIphm≥ Xo-{h-am-bn A`n-ejn-°p-∂ Ime-am-WnXv. Xs‚ kz-XzØn-te-°p- Xn-cn®p-t]m-Im-\p-≈ a-\p-jy-s‚ Cu Xzc-sb Kp-W]-cam-b co-Xn-bn¬ {]-tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ kotdm a-e-_m¿ k`bv°v Ignb-Ww. H-tc-ka-bw B-tKm-f-am-bn-cn-s°Ø-s∂ khn-ti-j-am-bn-cn°p-I AYhm kzXz-Kp-W-ap-≈Xm-bn-cn-°pI F∂-XmWv Cu ]pXn-b k-ao-]-\-Øn-s‚ ImX¬. X-ß-fp-sS kz-XzØn-te-°p Xn-cn-®p-hc
- m-\p-≈ {]-hm-kn-If
- psS- {]h-WX
- sb, `mhmfl-Ia
- mbn Bhn-jvIcn-°p-hm-\p≈ ]≤-Xn-Isf kotdm a-e_
- m¿
k-` ]n≥Xm-ß-Ww.
38) am¿ tXm-am-«o-lm-bm¬ ÿm-]n-Xam-b G-gc ]-≈n-Ifpw
a-‰p hn-ip-≤-ÿ-e-ß-fpw Dƒ-s∏-Sp-Øn H-cp hn-ip-≤ Xo¿-∞m-S-\]≤-Xn {IaoI-cn-°p-∂Xv k`bpsS ]mc-º-cy-ß-fn-te-bv°p≈
Hcp B-flo-b Xo¿∞-bm{Xbmbn-cn°pw. 2022-˛¬ am¿ tXm-am«o-lm-bp-sS `mc-X-{]-th-i-\-Øns‚ almPq-_n-en B-N-cn-°p∂-Xn-s‚ `m-K-am-bn {]kvXpX Xo¿-∞m-S-\-tI-{μ-߃- hn-izm-knI-ƒ k-μ¿-in-°p∂Xv DNn-X-am-Wv. hn-ip-≤ A¬-t^m≥-km-Ω,
hn-ip-≤ Nm-h-d-b-®≥, hn-ip-≤ F-hp-{]m-kym-Ω- F-∂n-h-cpw k`-bn-se hm-gv-Ø-s∏-´hcpw {]-hm-kn-I-fp-sS C-S-bn¬ hym-]-I-ambn {]Ncn∏n°s∏SWw.
39) amXrk-`-bp-sS Iq´mbvabpambp≈ sFIyw: {]-hm-knI-fmb bphP\ßfpsS CSbnse A-P]
- me-\{]h¿Ø\ßfn¬
t\-cn-Sp-∂ hen-b {]-iv-\ßfnsem∂v Ah¿°v amXrk-`-bmb
kotdmae_m¿k`bpsS Iq´mbvabpambp≈ ssh-Imcn-Iamb
ASp∏w Cs√-∂-Xm-Wv. X≥aqew Ah¿ ]et∏mgpw k-ao-]Øpff e-Øo≥ ssZhmebßfntem Nnet∏msg¶nepw - A-ItØm-en-°m B-cm-[m-\m-e-b-ß-fn-tem \SØs∏Sp∂ ip{iq
jIfntem Nne skIv S pIfpsS Xs∂ Iq´mbv a Ifntem
]¶ptNcp∂p. kao]Øp≈ kotdmae_m¿ ssZhmeb
sØ°pdn®v Adnhp e`n®mepw Ah¿ XßfpsS ]gbIq´mbv
aIfpambp≈ _‘w hntOZn°msX AXn¬Øs∂
XpScpIbmWv ]et∏mgpw sNøp∂Xv. F∂m¬ Ah¿ CtXm
92
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
sSm∏w XßfpsS tIcfØnse amXrcq]XIfpambp≈ _‘w
\ne\n¿Øm≥ {ian°pIbpw sNøp∂p. AXp-sIm-≠pX-s∂
kotdm a- e - _ m¿ k- ` mIq´mbv a bnte°v Ah- s c FØn
°p∂Xn\v kwLmflIamb ]cn{iaw BhiyamWv.
40) tZ-io-bhpw A-¥¿-tZ-io-bh
- pam-b Xeßfn¬ D∂X hnZym-`ym-k-cw-K-Øp hn]peamb km≤yXIƒ D≈-Xp-sIm≠v
[mcmfw kotdm a-e_
- m¿ bp-hP
- \
- ß
- ƒ
- {]-hm-knkaqlßfn¬
Xmakn°p∂p. Cß- s \ amXr CShIIfn¬\n∂pamdn
hnZqctZißfn¬ Xmakn°p∂ k`ma°sf°pdn®p-≈ IrXyam-b hn-h-c-ti-Jc-Ww \-S-tØ-≠-Xm-Wv. A-h-sc-°p-dn-®p-≈
H-cp c-Pn-ÿ amXr CShIIfn¬ kq-£n-°p-I-bpw A-h¿ FØn- t ®- c p- ∂ {]hmkokaqlßfn¬ AP]me\ip{iqj
\SØp∂h¿°v Chsckw_‘n®p≈ hnhc߃
ssIamtd≠XpamWv. sam-ss_¬ B-πn-t°-j≥ t]m-ep-≈ \qX- \ km- t ¶- X n- I - h n- Z y- I ƒ hgn X߃ FØnt®cp∂
{]tZißfnep≈ kotdmae_m¿ kaq-l-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈
Adnhv {]hmknIƒ°v e`yam°mhp∂XmWv.
41) {]-hm-kn-I-ƒ°v k-`-mt\XrXzØn¬ \n-∂pff {]-Xo£Iƒv: kotdma-e-_m¿ k`bpsS AP]me\{]h¿Ø\߃
{]hmknkaql߃°v e`yam°p∂Xn¬ Imehnfw_w
hcpØnsb∂ ]cmXn {]hmknIfmbn Ign-bp∂ apXn¿∂
Xeapd ]et∏mgpw D∂bn°mdp≠v. X߃°v AP]me\
ip{iqjIƒ GsdBhiyambncp∂ BZyImeßfn¬ AXv
e`n®n√ F∂XmWv AhcpsS ]cmXnbpsS ASnÿm\w. i-cn
bm-b am¿-§-\n¿-tZ-i-߃ th≠ ka-bØv \evIm≥ km[n
°m™Xn\m¬ X-ß-fp-sS a°-ƒ ssI-hn´p-t]m-Ip-∂ ÿn-Xnhntijw D≠mbn. Ah¿ hf¿∂ph∂ hyXy-kvXa
- mb kmlN
cyßfpambn s]mcpØ-s∏-Sp-Ibpw A]cnNnXamb ko-tdm a-e_m¿ k-`-bp-sS Bcm[\m{IaØn¬ ]e-t∏mgpw Xmev]cyw
C√mØhcpambn amdn. Bcm[\m{Ia ss]XrIw ImØp
kq£n®v Pohn°tWm AtXm Ah Dt]£n°tWm F∂
XmWv ChcpsS ap∂n¬ Dbcp∂ tNmZyw. \n-c-h-[n-- ÿeß
fn¬ \ΩpsS {]-hm-kn-k-aq-lw cq]-s∏-´p-h-cp∂ {]{In-b-bn-em93
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
Wv. \nch[nbmb PohnXhy{KXIfneqsS IS-∂p-t]m-Ip∂
Ah- ¿ - amXrk`bn¬ \n∂v ssZhmeb\n¿ΩmWØn\pw
AXn\mhiyamb ÿew hmßp∂Xn\pap≈ kmºØnI
k-lm-bß
- ƒ {]-Xo-£n-°p-∂p. AXpt]mseXs∂ ]eÿeß
fnepw cPnkv t {SUv kwLßfpw a‰pw Bcw`n®v kv Y ew
hmßm\pw AP]me\mhiy߃ \ndth‰m\mhiyamb
a‰pkwhn[m\߃ Hcp°m\pw {ian®phcp∂p.
42) {]-hm-kn-Iƒ A-h-cp-sS am-Xr-k-`-bn¬ \n-∂v IqSp-X¬
ku-lr-Z k-ao-]-\-am-Wp {]-Xo-£n-°p-∂-Xv. tI-c-fØnse
XßfpsS amXrC-S-h-I-I-fnse sshZnIcn¬\n∂v IqZmiIfpw
IqZmim\pIcWßfpsa√mw kzoIcn°p∂Xn¬ A\mh
iyamb ]eXS ßfpw Ah¿°p t\cntS≠nhcps∂∂
]cmXn ]et∏mgpw Dbcmdp≠v. Nnet∏msg¶nepw IqZmiIƒ
kzoIcn°p∂Xn\pw k¿´n^n°‰pIƒ e`n°p∂Xn\pambn
]pXpXmbn ho≠pw amXrCShIIfn¬ AwKXzsaSpt°≠n
hcnItbm AhnsS \S°p∂ \n¿ΩmW{]h¿Ø\߃°v
h≥XpIIƒ kw`mh\Iƒ \evtI≠nhcnItbm sNøp∂p.
Ah- c n¬ Nne¿ Ah¿ hkn°p∂ {]- h m- k nÿeßfn¬
ssZhmeb߃ \n¿Ωn°phm≥ \n¿tem`w klm-bn-®h
- cpw a‰p
Nne¿ ssZhmeb\n¿ΩmW {]h¿Ø\Øn¬ Bbn-cn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp∂hcmWv. CXp Ah¿°v ]et∏mgpw kmºØnI
`mcØn\v ImWamIp∂p. {]hm-kn-I-fpsS amXrCShIIƒ
CØcw Imcy߃ Kuchambn ]cnKWnt°≠Xp≠v. F∂m¬
{]hmktZißfnse kotdm a-e-_m¿k`mIq´mbvabpambn
_‘w ]pe¿ØmsX amdn\n¬°pIbpw Nnet∏mƒ AXns\
FXn¿°pIbpw sNøp∂h¿ tI-c-f-Ønse XßfpsS amXr
CShIIfn¬ A\¿lÿm\߃ t\Sp∂Xv Nnet∏msg¶nepw
ZriyamWv. Ch¿ \evIp∂ kmºØnIklmbßfmWnXn\p
]et∏mgpw ImcWamIp∂X.v {]hmknIfmbn Ignbp∂h¿
hnhmlØn\mbpw a‰pw amXrCShIIfn¬ FØptºmƒ
{]hmkkaqlØn¬ AP]me\ip{iqjbv°mbn \nbp‡
cmbh¿ \evIp∂ k¿´n^n°‰pItfm AXpkw_‘n®p≈
tcJItfm CShI hnImcn ]et∏mgpw Bhiys∏Smdn√.
94
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
{]hmknIfpsS CSbn¬ AP]me\ip{iqj \n¿Δln°p∂
sshZnI¿ \evIp∂ {^o-tÃ-dv-dv k¿-´n-^n-°-‰pIƒ \n¿_‘nX
amt°≠Xp≠v. {]hmknIƒ°mbn G¿s∏SpØnbncn°p∂
AP]me\]camb {IaoIcW߃ A-\y-tZi-Øp ÿn-c-am-bn
Xm-a-k-am-°n-b-hcpw Xm-Xv-Im-en-I-am-bn Xm-a-k-am-°n-b-hcpw
]ment°≠Xp≠v.
43) kw-L-S-\m kwhn-[m-\߃: {]hmknIfmbn Ign™
tijw XncnsIhcm≥ B{Kln°p∂hcpsS {]iv\ßfpw, BtKm-f{- ]-hm-kw hn-Zym¿-Yn-Iƒ-°n-Sb
- n-epW¿Øp∂ {]iv\ßfpw
CXc Ip- S n- t b- ‰ {]- i v - \ - ß fpsa√mw k`- Ku- c - h Xcam- b n
]cnKWnt°≠ hnjbßfmWv. CXpt]mseXs∂,
{]-hm-k-Øn-s‚ c≠pw aq-∂pw L-´-߃ I-S-∂p-h-cp-∂ X-e-ap-dI- f p- s S PohnXcoXn, Bcm[\m{Ia`mj, kmwkv I mcnI
A\pcq]Ww, kwkv I mc߃ XΩnep≈ A\pcq]Ww
F∂nhsb√mw ]T\ hnjbamt°≠XmWv. CØcw k¶o¿
Æßfmb {]iv\ßsf t\cnSp∂Xn\v km-[m-c-W co-Xn-bn-ep≈ AP]me\ip{iqjIƒ A-]-cym-]v-X-am-bncn°pw. CØ-cw
{]-iv-\ß-sf k-`-bp-sS \n-c-¥-cam-b \n-co-£-W-hpw A-h-[m-\]q¿-hI
- am-b k-ao-]\
- hpw sIm-≠pam-{X-ta t\-cn-Sm-\m-hq. BbXn\m¬ H-cp ÿn-cw kwhn[m\wXs∂ Hu-tZym-Kn-I-am-bn A-Xn\m-bn \n-e-\n¿-tØ-≠-Xp-≠v. ]cn-ip≤ knwlmk\Øns‚
AwKoImctØmsS taP¿ B¿°n F∏nkvtIm∏¬ hn-kn-t‰-‰sd \nban°p∂Xn\p≈ km[y-XI
- ƒ \S∏nem°p∂Xv CØcw
{]iv\߃ ]cnlcn°p∂Xn\p≈ Hcp am¿§amWv.15
44) X-߃ Pohn®pt]m-∂ A-tX ]m-X-bn-eq-sS-X-s∂ X-ßfp-sS a°fpw k-©-cn-°Wsa∂m--{K-ln-°p∂- amXm]nXm°ƒ,
X- ß ƒ tN- t °dn- b \m- ´ nse kwkv I mchpambn A\pcq
]s∏Sp∂Xn\v a°ƒ°v ]et∏mgpw XS ambn \nesIm≈p∂p.
AXn\m¬ CfwXeapdbv ° v ]pXnb kmlNcyßfpambn
sshImcnIambn s]mcpØs∏Sp∂Xn\p klmbIamb
Imcy߃ e`y-am°p-∂-Xn-\v k-`X-s∂ ap≥-ssI-sb-Sp-t°-≠Xp-≠v. A-Xn-\m-bn H-cp {]-tXy-I K-th-j-W tI{μw X-s∂ ÿm]n-®v {]-hm-k-k-aq-l-Øn-s‚ `m-j, kw-kv-Imcw, hnizmk
95
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
]cnioe\w, B-cm-[-\m{I-aw F∂nhsb√mw ]T-\-hn-jb
am°pIbpw thWw. {]hmkkaqlßfnse Ip´nIƒ°pw
bphP\߃°pambn Hcp hnizmk]cnioe\ hn`mKw
Bcw`n°pIbpw Ahsc BI¿jn°m\pXIp∂ ]T\{Ia߃
\S∏nemt°≠XpamWvv. {]-hm-kk-aq-lØ
- n-\pw ]p-Xp-Xm-bn Cu
kaqlØnte°v IS∂phcp∂h¿°pw A¿lamb AwKoImcw
\evIp∂ hn[Ønembncn°Ww B-cm-[-\m-{IaØns‚bpw Bi-b-hn-\n-abØns‚bpw `m-j- sXcs™Spt°≠Xv.
45) "\-„-s∏-´ Ip-™m-Sn-s\' h-gn-bn¬ D-t]-£n-°m≥ ]mSn√. Ah-sb At\z-jn®v Is≠Øn ap-Jy-[m-cb
- n-te-°p Xn-cn®psIm- ≠ p- h - t ∂ a- X n- b mhq. \ΩpsS Iq´mbv a Iƒ C\nbpw
cq]s∏´n´n√mØ ÿe-ß-fn¬, hn-Z-Kv-[-cm-b-h-cp-sS k-lmbtØmsSbpw \q-X-\am-b km-t¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn®pw
k`m-a-°sf Hcpan®p Iqt´-≠XmWv. k`mIq´mbvabn¬ \n∂v
AI∂pIgnbp∂hsc k`bpsS Bcm[\m{Ia hnizmk
]cnioe\ ss]XrIØnte°v XncnsIsIm≠phcp∂Xn\v ssZh-im-kv-{X kanXnIƒ- cq]oIcn°p∂Xv DNnXambncn°pw; tI{μ-Im-cym-e-bØn¬ \n∂v CØ-cw {]-h¿-Ø-\-߃ ^-e-{]-Z-amb co-Xn-bn-¬ G-tIm-]n-∏n-°m≥ km-[n-°p-w.
46) C¥y apgph\nepambn hym]n®p InS∂ncp∂ kzbw
`cWm[nImcw, kotdmae_m¿k`bv ° v ]p\:ÿm]n®p
e`n°pI F∂Xv XnI®pw \oXnbp‡amb Hcp ImcyamWv.
kzbm[nImck`IfpsS XpeymhImiw ÿm]ns®Sp°p∂Xn\v
km[yamb F√mam¿§ßfpw Ahkcßfpw D]tbmKn
°pIbpw kotdmae_m¿ k`bpsS t\scbp≈ A\oXnbpw
hnthN\hpw Ahkm\n∏n°m≥ ]cn{ian°pIbpw sNøWw.
{]hmknIƒ°mbp≈ AP]me\ip{iqjIƒ ^e{]Zambn
\n¿Δln°p∂Xn\v klmbIambhn[Øn¬ k`bpsS
A[nImc]cn[nIƒ (jurisdication) BtKmfXeØn¬Xs∂
\nivNbn®v \evtI≠-Xm-Wv.
47) BtKmfXeØn¬ k`sb ]SpØpb¿Øp∂Xn\m
hiyamb Iq´mb]cn{iaw: \ΩpsS k`bpsS {]h¿Ø\߃
BtKmfXeØnseØn°pIsb∂Xv amXrk`bpsS DØc
96
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
hmZnXzamWv. {][m\ \Kcßfn¬ Xmakn°p∂ {]hmkn
Iƒ°v , {]XyIn®v C¥ybnep≈h¿°v , ]≈nIƒ, kv I q
fpIƒ, CXctI{μ߃ F∂nh C\nbpw D≠mtI≠n
bncn°p∂p. CXn\v ZsØSp°¬, ]¶mfnØ]camb ]¶p
tNc¬ (partnership) XpSßnbcoXnIƒ amXrk`bv°v kzoI
cn°mhp∂XmWv. C¥y°IØpw ]pdØpap≈ kmºØnI
`{ZXbp≈ cq]XIƒ, s^mtdm\Iƒ, CShIIƒ, ÿm]
\߃ F∂nhbvs°√mw Cu DZyaØn¬ ]¶ptNcmhp∂
XmWv. ASSM F∂ kwL-S\ hgn kotdm ae_m¿ k`
Bhiy°mcmb {]hmkkaql߃°v, {]XyIn®v AhcpsS
{]mcw`Znibn¬, kmºØnIklmb߃ \evInhcp∂p.
48) kmºØnI klmbØn\p ]pdsa, kmt¶
XnIklmbhpw CXc AhiyhkvXp°fpsS ]¶phbv°epw
{]hm- k - k - a q- l - ß ƒ°mbn t{]m’mln∏nt°≠Xp≠v .
{]hmkkaqlßfpsS Bhiy߃ I≠dn™pw, ImeL´
Øns‚ A\nhmcyXbv°\pkcn®pw Cu kaql
ßfpsS hf¿®bv ° mbn Aev a mb anj\dnamcpsSbpw
{]mtZinIXeØn¬ {]h¿Øn°p∂ t{]jnX{]h¿ØI
cpsSbpw tkh\߃ D]tbmKnt°≠XmWv. DtZymKßfn¬
\n∂v hncan®h¿, bphP\߃ F∂nßs\bp≈hcn¬\n∂v
{]mtZinIXeØn¬ {]h¿Øn°p∂ t{]jnX{]h¿ØIsc
Is≠Ømhp∂Xpw \n¿ΩmWcwKØpw hnZym`ymkcwKØpw
ChcpsS tkh\߃ D]tbmKs∏SpØmhp∂XpamWv.
49) k`-bpsS B-tKm-f-h-XvI-c-Ww cq-]-XIfn-eqsS: kotdma-e-_m¿ k`sb BtKm-f-k-`-bmbn hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬
{]hm-kc
- q-]X
- I
- ƒ°pw anj≥ cq]-XI
- ƒ°pw D≈ ]¶ns\ ]‰n
Nn¥n-°pI CØ-cp- W-Øn¬ hfsc DNn-Xa
- m-Wv. {]hm-kn-If
- psS
`mjbpw kwkvIm-chpambn Nnc]cn-Nb
- a
- p≈Xn-\m¬ k`-bpsS
B-tKm-f-h-XvI-c-W {]h¿Ø\ß-ƒ°v t\XrXzw sImSp°phm≥ Cu cq]-X-Iƒ°v km[n°pw. kotdm- a-e-_m¿ k`bnse
Ct∏m-gsØ anj≥ -cq-]-X-Ifnse√mw Xs∂ {]hm-kn-Iƒ
Ds≠∂p≈Xpw B-tKm-fh
- X
- vIc
- W
- Xns‚ KXn XzcnXam°p-∂p.
kotdm- a-e-_m¿ k`sb BtKm-f-k-`-bmbn hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°p97
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
∂-Xn\mbp≈ GXm\pw \n¿t±-i-߃ Xmsg-∏-d-bp-∂p: (1) k`bpsS {]t_m-[-߃°-\p-k-cn®v kphn-ti-j-{]-tLm-j-WØns‚bpw kmwkvIm-cnI k¶-e-\-Øn-s‚bpw h‡m-°-fmbn
anj≥ {]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ cq]w-sIm-≠p-h-cp∂ kotdm-a-e-_m¿
hnizm-kn-k-aq-l-߃ amd-Ww. (2) anj≥cq-]-X-I-fpsS kl-Ic-Wt- ØmsS a‰v kzbm[nImc-k`- I
- f
- psS skan-\m-cn-If
- nepw ]coio-e-\-tI-{μ-ß-fnepw kotdm-a-e-_m¿k`bpsS- Bcm-[-\-{I-a-w
BtLm-jn-°p-∂-Xn\v k`m t\XrXzw ap≥ssI-sb-Sp-°-Ww;
Chn-S-ß-fn¬ ]uc-kvXy-k-`-I-fpsS Bcm-[-\-{Iaw, k`m-\n-baw, k`m-hn-⁄m-\obw F∂nh ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂X
- n\p≈ kml-Ncyw
Hcp°p-∂Xpw DNn-X-am-bn-cn°pw. (3) kaq-l-Ønse hnhn-[-hn`m-Kß
- ƒ
- XΩn¬ ]mew ]Wn-bp-∂h
- c
- mbn Xocp-hm-\p≈ ZuXyw
(the mission of being bridge builders) anj≥cq-]-X-Iƒ°p-≠v. (4)
kotdm-a-e-_m¿ Bcm-[-\-{Iaw {]mtZ-in-I-`m-j-I-fn¬ BtLmjn-°-s∏-tS-≠Xpw {]hm-kn-I-fpsS c≠pw XpS¿∂pap≈ Xeap-dI
- ƒ°p-th≠n XpS¿-A\
- p-cq-]o-Ic
- Ww km[y-am-t°-≠X
- pamWv. (5) {]hm-kn-IfpsS-bn-S-bnse hf¿®-sbbpw ]pXp-kw-cw-`ßsfbpw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂ hm¿Øm-]-{Xn-IIfpw amkn-IIfpw {]kn-≤o-Ic
- n- °p∂Xv Ahsc H∂n-∏n-®p-\n-dp-Øp-hm≥ D]Icn°pw. (6) {]hm-kk-aq-l-ß-fpsS Xncp-∂m-fm-tLm-j-ßfnte°pw I¨sh≥j-\p-If
- n-te°pw Iq´m-bvaI
- f
- n-te°pw a‰pw
AXXp ÿe-ßfnep≈ hyXykvX kzbm[nImc-k-`-I-fnse
sa{Xm∑m-scbpw k`m-[n-Im-cn-I-sfbpw hN-\-{]-tLm-j-WØn\pw a‰p-ambn £Wn-°p-∂Xv kotdm- a-e-_m¿ k`sb
BtKm-f-k-`-bmbn hf¿Ønsb-Sp-°p-hm≥ klmbn°pw.
50) A-P-]m-e-\-ip{iq-j-bv°mbp-≈ t\XrXz]-cn-ioe\w:
{]hm-kn-Isf \bn-°p-hm-\mbn {Inbm-flI
- a
- mbn {]h¿Øn-°p∂
-ssh-Zn-I-scbpw ka¿∏n-X-scbpw C∂v Bh-iy-am-Wv. am¿tØmΩm-{In-kvXym-\n-If
- psS hnizm-k]
- m-cº
- c
- y-ßf
- pw B≤ym-fln-IX
- bpw, ]pXnb kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ cq]s∏´ncn°p∂ {]hm-k-k-aql-ßfn¬ ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°phm\mbn \nbp-‡-cm-°-s∏-Sp∂
sshZn-Icpw k\y-kvXcpw kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k`-bpsS hnizm-kss]-Xr-I-Øn¬ A`n-am\w sIm≈p-∂-hcpw t_m[y-ap-≈-h-cp98
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
ambncn°-Ww. amdn-b kml-N-cy-ßsfbpw kwkvIm-c-sØbpw
BZ-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v Ahsc ]cn-io-en-∏ns®¶n¬ am{Xta, ]pXn-b
kmwkvImcnI-km-l-N-cy-ßtfmSv -A\y-Ym-t_m-[-an-√msX CgpIn-tN-cphm≥ {]hm-kk
- a
- q-lß
- s
- f klm-bn-°p-hm≥ Ah-¿°p
km[n-°pIbp-≈q.
51) {]hmkkaq-l-ßsf \bn-°p∂ sshZo-I-cn-e-[n-Ihpw
tIc-fØ
- n¬\n∂pamWv hcp-∂X
- v. CXv BZy-Xe
- a
- p-db
- nse {]hmkn-Iƒ°v KpW-Ic
- a
- mIp-sa-¶nepw XpS¿Xe-ap-dI
- f
- nse a°-ƒ°v
tZmj-Ic-amtb°mw. tIc-f-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ sshZn-I¿ X߃
ip{iqj sNøp∂ ÿe-ßf
- n-ep≈ {]mtZ-in-I`- m-jIfn¬ IqSpX¬ {]mho-Wy-ap-≈-h-cm-Ip-Ibpw {]hm-kn-I-fpsS {]iv\-ßsfbpw Ah-ÿI
- s
- fbpw Ipdn®v Ah-t_m-[a
- p-≈h
- c
- m-Ip-Ibpw
thWw. AXn-\mbn, sshZn-I¿°pw k\y-kvX¿°pw Aflm-bt\-Xm-°ƒ°pw {]hmkn AP-]m-e\ip{iq-jb
- n¬ Imem-\p-krX-amb ]cn-io-e\w AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv.
52) Adn-hpw A\p-`h
- P
- vRm-\h
- pap≈ Aflm-bt- \-Xm-°f
- psS
A`mhw C∂v ]e {]hm-k-k-aq-l-ßfpw t\cn-Sp∂ sh√p-hn-fnbm-Wv. {]hm-kn-I-fpsS hnZym-`ym-k-\n-e-hm-c-Øn¬ ImX-emb
hyXymkw Cu ASp- Ø - I m- e Øv kw`- h n- ® n- ´ p- ≠ v . AhnZKv≤sXmgn-ep-I-fn-emWv BZy-Im-e-{]-hm-kn-Iƒ A[n-Ihpw
G¿s∏-´n-cp-∂s
- X-¶n¬, C∂v D∂-Xa
- mb hnZym-`ym-ka
- p≈ s{]m^j-W-ep-I-ƒ {]hm-k-tem-IØv hnc-f-a√. Ah-cpsS Ign-hp-Isf
D]-tbm-Kn®p sIm≠v \qX-\-amb AP-]m-e-\-ssi-en-Iƒ BhnjvI-cn-°p-hm≥ k`°v DØ-c-hm-Zn-Xz-ap-≠v.
53) {]hm-kn-I-fpsSbn-S-bnse sshZn-Icpw k\y-kvXcpw:
eØo≥ k`-bpsS cq]-XIfn-sem k\ymk kaq-l-ß-fn-sem
ip{iqj sN-bvXp-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒØs∂, kotdm a-e_
- m¿
{]hm-kn-If
- psSbnS-bn¬ ip{iq-js
- N-øp∂ sshZn-Is
- cbpw k\ykvX-scbpw Ipdn®v C\nbpw hy‡-amb [mc-W-Iƒ D≠m-tI≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. c≠p-X-c-Øn-ep≈ Ah-ÿ-Iƒ kwPm-X-amtb°mw: (1) kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k`-bn¬ P\n-°p-Ibpw F∂m¬
eØo≥ k`-bntem eØo≥ doØn-ep≈ k\ym-k-kaq-l-ßfn-sem tN¿°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX sshZn-Icpw k\y-kvXcpw;
99
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
(2) kotdm-a-e-_m¿ doØn-ep≈ cq]-X-bp-sSsbm k\ym-k-kaql-ßfpsSsbm AwK-am-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒØs∂ eØo≥ cq]-Xbntem k\ym-kkaq-lß
- f
- n-sem Xß-fpsS ip{iqj Xm¬°men-I-ambn \¬In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂-h¿.
54) kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k` BtKmfk`-bmbn hfcp-∂- kmlN-cyØn¬ {]hm-kn-I-fpsSbn-S-bnse sshZn-Itcbpw k\ykv X tcbpw Ipdn®v Xmsg- ] - d - b p∂ Imcy߃ ]cn- K - W nt°≠nbncn-°p∂p: (1) k` kz`m-hØ
- mse t{]jn-Xb
- mWv F∂Xp-t]mse kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k`bpw t{]jn-X-bm-Wv. kotdm-a-e_m¿ k`-bn¬ \n∂v tIc-f-Øn\v ]pdØv t{]jn-X-{]-h¿Ø\w
\S- Ø p- h m≥ B{K- l n°p∂h¿ a‰v hy‡n- K Xk`- b n¬
tNcphm≥ \n¿_‘nX-cm-Ip∂Xv Nne-t∏m-sg-¶nepw {]Xn-k‘n
krjvSn-°p-∂p. CXv G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ _m[n-°p-∂Xv [mcmfw
ssZh-hn-fnIfp≈ kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k`-sb-bm-Wv. kphn-ti-jh¬°-cWw AP-]m-e-\-{]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fp-ambn At`-Zy-ambn
_‘-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p F∂ncns°, kotdm-ae
- _
- m¿ k`°v {]hmkn-ip-{iqj A\p-h-Zn-°p-Ibpw F∂m¬ t{]jn-X-{]-h¿Ø\w
A\p-h-Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°-p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv ]p\¿hnNn-¥-\-Øn\v
hnt[-ba
- m-t°-≠X
- t√? (2) k`-bpsS BtKm-fk
- z-`mhw \ΩpsS
anj-Wn-am¿Xs∂ AwKo-I-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. (3) {]hmknIfp-sSbn-S-bnse AP-]m-e\ ip{iq-jbn¬, Ct∏mƒØs∂ BtKm-fkz`mhw ssIh-∂n-cn-°p∂ kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k\ym-k- kaq-lß-fpsS ]¶v F¥mbncn-°Ww? (4) eØo≥ cq]-X-I-fn¬
{]h¿Øn-°p∂ kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k\ym-k`h-\-ß-fn¬ kotdma-e-_m¿ Bcm-[-\-{Iaw ]men-°p-hm\pw kotdm-a-e-_m¿ X\nabpsS hnhn- [ - L - S - I - ß ƒ \njv T - t bmsS Pohn- ° p- h m\pw
km[n°p∂ kml-Ncyw D≠mtI≠-Xt√? (5) eØo≥ cq]-XI-fn¬ tN¿∂n-cn-°p∂ kotdm-a-e-_m¿ sshZn-I-scbpw k\ykvXs
- cbpw kotdm-ae
- _
- m¿ {]hm-kn-If
- psS ip{iq-jb
- n¬ ]¶mfn-I-fm-t°-≠-Xt√? C°mcy-ß-fn¬, k`m-\n-b-a-ß-fpsS shfn®-Øn¬ DNn-X-amb ]cn-lmc-߃ Is≠-tØ≠-Xm-Wv.
55) ka¿∏nX ssZh-hnfnIfpsS t{]m’m-l\w: AP-]me\ ip{iqj th≠-hn[w e`n-°p∂ kotdm-a-e-_m¿ {]hmk
100
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
kaq-l-ß-fn¬ ka¿∏nX ssZh-hnfnIƒ h¿≤n-®p-h-cp-∂Xmbn
ImWp∂p. {]hm-kn-Ifmb Ip-´n-Iƒ°pw bphm-°ƒ°pw icnbmb B≤ym-fln-I, am\p-jnI ]cn-io-e\w \¬In hf¿Øphm≥ Ign-bp∂ ^e-{]-Z-amb K¿`-Kr-l-amWv Hcp CS-h-I-kaqlw. {]hm-kn-I-fn¬ \n∂p≈ \√ ssZh-hn-fn-Iƒ Ah-cpsS
X\-Xmb `mj-bnepw kwkvIm-c-Ønepw AP-]m-e-\-ip-{iqj
^e-{]-Z-ambn \¬Ip-hm≥ hfsc klm-bn-°p-∂p. AXn-\m¬,
F√m {]hm-kn--I-fpw, {]tXy-In®v amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ, Xßfp-sS-bnS-bn¬ \n∂p≈ ka¿∏nX ssZh-hn-fn-Isf t{]m’m-ln-∏n-t°≠-Xm-Wv. k`-bpsS BtKm-f-ZuXyw Imcy-£-a-am-°p-hm≥
ÿncw Uo°∑m¿°v ]cn-io-e\w \¬Ip-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v \mw
Kuc-h-ambn Nn¥n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. \ΩpsS bph-P-\-k-ºØns\ t{]jn-X-ta-J-e-I-fn-te°v hgn-Xncn-®p-hn-Sp-hm≥ ]cn-{ian-®m¬, \mw kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k`-bpsS BtKm-f-am-\-Øn\v
i‡n]I-cp-I-bmWv.
56) B[p-\nI kmaq-ln-I- kmt¶-Xn-I-hn-Zy-bpsS D]-tbmKw: kotdm-ae
- _
- m¿ {]hm-kn-If
- n-e[
- nIw t]cpw B[p-\nI kmaqly-k-º¿°-am-[y-a-ß-fp-sSbpw kmt¶-Xn-I-an-I-hp-I-fp-sSbpw
temI-Øn¬ Pohn-°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v, \ΩpsS k`m-ss]-Xr-Ihpw
hnizm-kk
- º
- Øpw \ne-\n-dp-Øp-∂X
- n-\m-hi
- y-amb k`m]T-\ß
- sf√mw hfsc ^e-{]-Z-hpw B[p-\n-I-a-\- p-Iƒ°n-W-ßn-b-Xpamb kmaq-ly-k-º¿°kt¶-X-ß-fn-eqsS {]hm-kn-Iƒ°v
{]m]yam-°p-hm≥ \ap°v IS-ab
- p-≠v. F¶n¬ am{X-ta, k`mss]Xr-Ihpw Xß-fpsS hyXn-cn-‡-Xbpw Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬
Dt√-J\w sNø-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≈q. B[p-\n-I-km-aq-ln-I-k-º¿°
am[y-a-ß-fmb C‚¿s\-‰n-s‚bpw samss_¬ t^mWn-s‚bpw
km[y-X-Iƒ hnizm-k-ssI-am-‰-Øn-\mbn ]q¿W-ambpw D]-tbmK-s∏-Sp-Ø-Ww. hmSvkvB]v, Szn‰¿, t^kv_pIv F∂n-h-sb√mw
icn-bm-b-hn-[-Øn¬ ssIImcyw sNøp-sa-¶n¬ hf¿∂p-h-cp∂
Xe-ap-dI
- f
- psS hnizm-ks
- s]-Xr-Ik
- w-c£
- W
- Ø
- n\v henb KpWw
sNøpw.
57) hnhn-[ cm-Py-ß-fp-am-bn _-‘-s∏-´ {]-iv-\-߃:
1. hn-I-kn-X-cm-Py-ß-fn¬ ]p-Xp-X-e-apd-sb k-`-bpsS apJy101
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
[mcbn-tebv°p sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂-Xn-\p-≈ \S-]Sn-Iƒ B-kq-{XWw sN-øp-∂-Xn-\pap-ºv Ah¿ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ {]-iv-\-ßfp-sS B-g-ß-fn-te-°v C-d-ßn-s®t√-≠nbn-cn-°p∂p. k`m-flI
hy‡n-XzsØ°p-dn®v ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\p ap≥]v aXw, hnizmkw
F∂o kXy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]p-Xp-X-e-apd-sb t_m[y-s∏-Sp-tØ≠-Xmbpw ht∂-°mw.
2. Kƒ-^v \m-Sp-If
- n¬-\n∂p {]-mb
- amb-hc
- n¬ H-´p-an-°h
- cpw
tI-c-f-Øn-te-°p Xn-cn-®p-h-cp-hm≥ CjvS-s∏Sp∂hcmWv. F∂m¬ A-h-cp-sS a-°ƒ A-hn-sSØ-s∂ Xp-S-cp-Itbm a-s‰-hn-sSsb-¶nepw {]-hm-kn-I-fm-bn t]m-hp-Itbm sN-bvtX°mw. k-¶o¿Wam-bns°m≠ncn-°p∂ Cu {]-iv-\w {i-≤m-]q¿-hw hn-i-Ie\w sN-ø-s∏-tS-≠-Xp≠v.
3. \-Ωp-sS A-P-]m-e-\ ip{iqj FØn-s∏-SmØ {]hm-knÿeß-fn¬ Ign-bp∂ I-tØm-en-°m Ip-Spw-_ß-sf k-lm-bn°phm≥ ]cym-]vX-amb Hcp°ßfpw hn-ZKv-[ ]≤-Xn-Ifpw Bh-iy-am-Wv.
4. km-ºØn-I i‡n F-∂ \n-e-bn¬ C-¥y IpXn-®pb¿∂psIm≠ncn°p∂Xv kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`bp-sS h-f-¿-®-bn¬
i-‡am-b X-cw-K-߃ kr-„n-°pw. `mc-Xob kw-kv-Im-c-Øns‚
al-Xzhpw {]m-[m-\yhpw C-fw-X-e-ap-d-bv-°v hy-‡-am-°n sIm-Sp°phm≥ C¥y-bnse - km[y-X-Iƒ D]-Icn°pw.
58) s]mXp-hmb Nne hnjb߃: {]hm-kn-Isf s]mXphmbn _m[n-°p∂ Nne hnjb߃ Xmsg ]d-bp-∂-h-bm-Wv.
(1) hfsc thKw kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k` BtKm-f-k-`-bmbn amdns°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ Cu kml-N-cy-Øn¬, Ncn-{X-tc-J-Ifpw {]amW-ßfpw kq£n-°p-∂-Xn\v {KŸ-c-£m-ebw (archives) D≠mtI-≠-Xm-Wv. (2) {]hm-k-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ cmjv{Sobhpw _nkn-\kv]c
- hpw hy‡n-]c
- h
- p-amb Xm¬]-cy-߃°p-th≠n NqjWw
sNø-s∏-Sp∂p F∂Xv kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k` t\cn-Sp∂ sh√p-hnfn-bm-Wv. (3) hnP-bIc-ambn hf¿∂p-h-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂
{]hmkkaq-l-ß-fp-sSbpw kvXpXy¿l-amb {]hm-kn-A-P-]me-\-t\-Xr-Xz-Øn-ep≈ sshZn-I, k\y-kvX, A¬amb kplrØp-I-fp-sSbpw hnP-b-I-Y-Iƒ k`m-{]-kn≤oI-cWß-fn-eqsS
102
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
]c- k y- s ∏- S pØp∂Xpw t{]m’mln∏n- ° p- ∂ Xpw \√- X m
-bn-cn-°pw.
D]-kw-lmcw
59) temI- Ø ns‚ AXn¿Øn- I ƒhsc anin- l mbv ° v
km£yw hln-°m-\p≈ ssZh-Z-Ø-amb Ahk-c-amWv {]hmk-a°-fn-eq-sS kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k`°v ssIh-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. aeap-If
- n¬ ]Wn-Xp-b¿Øs∏´ ]´Wam-bpw `h-\Ø
- n-ep≈ F√mh¿°pw {]Imiw \¬Ip-∂ hnf-°m-bpw kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k`
BtKm-f-k`-bm-bn- {]tim-`n°pw. {]hm-kn-Iƒ kotdm-a-e-_m¿
k`°pw kaq-lØ
- n\pw \¬In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂ \nc-h[n tkh\-ßsf AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw A`n-\-μn-°p-Ibpw, Ah¿ t\cnSp∂ sh√p-hn-fn-Isf Xncn-®-dnbp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm≠v taP¿
B¿°n F-∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn k`-bpsS Ncn-{X-Ønse Hcp
\mgn-I°
- √
- mbn amdp-hm≥ t]mIp-Ib
- m-Wv. km¿Δ-{Xn-Ik
- `- b
- n¬
]¶m-fn-Ø-t\-XrXzw Gs‰-Sp-Øp-sIm≠v k`m-k-aq-l-ßsf
hf¿Øp-∂-Xn-\pw i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw kotdm-a-e-_m¿
{]hmknIƒ°v km[n-°pw. kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k`bpsS X\n-a
{]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-t\m-sSm∏w a‰v ktlm-Zco k`-I-sf a\- n-em°nbpw klm-bn®pw Ahcpambn ]c-kv]cw ]¶p-h®pw BZcn®pw Hcp-a-bn¬ hf¿∂p-h-cp-hm≥ \ap°v km[n-°Ww.
{]hmknItfmSpw Ah-cpsS hcpwXe-ap-d-I-tfm-Sp-sam∏w \S∂v
temI-sØ- ap-gp-h≥ kphn-ti-jh
- ¬°-cn-°p-hm≥ Bh-iy-amb
Du¿÷w Cu taP¿ B¿°n F-∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ AkwªnbneqsS
ssZhw \ap°v \evIs´.
N¿®-bv°p≈ tNmZy-߃
1. kotdm a-e-_m¿ k-`-bn¬\n∂pw kwe-`y-am-Ip∂ AP]m-e\ ip{iq-j-bn¬ {]-hm-knIƒ kwXr-]vXcmsWm? kotdm
a-e-_m¿ {]hm-k k-aq-l-ßfn-te-°p I-S-∂p-sN√m-\p-≈ am¿-Kßfpw km[y-XIfpw F-s¥m-s°-bm-Wv?
2. {]hm-kkaq-lß-fpsS Bh-iy-ß-tfmSpw sh√p-hn-fn-ItfmSpw `mhm-flI
- a
- mbn {]Xn-Ic
- n-®psIm≠v I
- mcy-£a
- hpw kpk÷- h pamb AP- ] m- e \w \S- Ø p∂ ssshZo- I scbpw a‰v
103
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
ip{iqjItcbpw cq]o-I-cn-°p-hm≥ km[y-amb \S-]-Sn-Iƒ
Fs¥ms°bmWv?
3. kmwkv I m- c nI kmwio- I - c - W w ( cultural adaptation),
kmwkvIm-cnI A\p-cq-]W
- w (cultural integration), kmwkvIm-cnI
DƒtN- c ¬ ( inculturation ), kmw- k v- I m- c n- I - k- ¶ - e - \ - w
(interculturation) F∂nh F-{]-Im-ca
- m-Wp ^-e{- ]-Zam-b co-Xn-bn¬
B-tKm-f {]-hm-kn-Iƒ-°n-S-bn¬, {]-tXy-In-®v Ip-Spw-_-]m-c-º-cyØn-s‚bpw B-Nmcm-\pjvTm\-ßf
- p-sSbpw ]-›m-Øe
- Ø
- n¬, \S∏nem°p-hm≥ km[n°p∂Xv?
4. kotdm a-e-_m¿ k`-bnse {]-hm-kn-Iƒ G-XpX-cw
X\nabnem-Wp Pohn-t°-≠Xv? G-sX√mw L-S-I-ß-fm-Wp {]hm-kn-I-fp-sS B-Zy-X-e-ap-d-bpw ]n∂oSp-≈ X-e-ap-d-Ifpw k-`mX\n-abm-bn \n¿_‘ambpw I-m-Øp-kq-£n-t°-≠-Xv?
5. k-`-bp-sS kp-hn-ti-j-h-XvI-c-W Zu-Xy-Øn¬ A-¿-∞-hØmbpw kPo-h-ambpw {]-hm-k-k-aq-l-Øn-\v F-{]-Im-cw ]-¶pIm-cm-Im≥ I-gn-bpw? A`nap-Jo-Ic
- n-°p∂ sh√p-hn-fn-Iƒ F-s¥ms°-bm-Wv? Ah-sb t\-cn-Sm-\p-≈ am¿-Kß
- fpw kwhn-[m\-ßfpw
F-s¥m-s°sb∂v \n¿t±in°pI.
Endnotes
1. Gen 12:1; 50:23; 26:16; 41-42; Ex 1:9-10, 1:11-14, 3:8;
Deut 28:48; Ps 137; Neh 1:9; Rut 1:7; Tob 14:12.
2. Mt 2:1&13; 25:34-35; Lk 2:4; 9:58; Rom 12:13; 1Tim 3:2,
5:10; 1Pet 4:9; 2Cor 8:9; Act 8:1;Eph 2:19; 1Cor 12:1314; Gal 3:28.
3. Lev 19:33-34; Rom 15:7; Mt 25:31-45; Act 10:34-35.
4. LG 23; GS, AG 38; CD, 23, 27; OE 2-4.
5. Pope John Paul II, Erga migrantes caritas Christi, 2004,
nos. 52-54.
104
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
6. Letter of Pope St. John Paul II to the Bishops of India on
28th May 1987. The Holy Father insisted the same also in
his address to the Plenary Assembly of the Congregation
for the Oriental Churches, 1st Oct, 1998.
7. CCEO 17, 21, 29, 31, 32, 128, 38, 39-41, 213, 148, 588,
193, 1465; CIC 112, 383, 476, 518, 112, 111, 214.
8. Pope John Paul II, Erga migrantes caritas Christi, 2004,
nos. 52-55.
9. There are two Apostolic Vicariates in the Gulf countries:
The Southern Vicariate - the territories of the United Arab
Emirates, Oman and Yemen and the Northern Vicariate Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain and Saudi Arabia.
10. “Guidelines for the Pastoral Care of Migrants” Part III, in
The Code of Particular Law of the Syro-Malabar Church,
Syro-Malabar Major Archiepiscopal Curia, Mount St.
Thomas, Kochi, 2013, p. 146.
11. LG 13; CIC Can. 844, §§3-4 and CCEO Can. 671, §§3-4.
12. GS 58-59.
13. Christian faith with all its Jewish cultural garbs were not
essentially to be carried forth (Acts 15). The first four books
of the apostolic canon of the New Testament contain four
different versions of the story. Their titles imply that there
is one Gospel, related to four different writers (Lk 1, 1-4).
14. CCEO c. 148.
105
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
D]-kw-lmcw
ssZh-cm-Py-Øns‚ hnØmb kotdm- ae-_m¿ k` F∂pw
{]h¿Ø-\-\n-c-X-bm-Wv. a\p-jy-cpsS Pohn-X-Øn\v A¿∞hpw
{]Xym-i-bp-amWv Ahƒ {]tLm-jn-°p∂ kphn-tijw. Cu
ZuXyw ]cn-ip-≤m-flm- h
- n-\m¬ t{]cn-Xb
- mbn \n¿h-ln-°p-∂X
- n\v
e`n-®n-cn-°p∂ kph¿Wm-hk
- c
- a
- mWv taP¿ B¿°n- F-∏n-kvtIm∏¬ Akwªn. `mKy-kva-c-Wm¿l-\mb k`-bpsS ap≥ taP¿
B¿®v_nj]v I¿±n-\mƒ am¿ h¿°n hnX-b-Øn¬ ]nXmhv
hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xp-t]m-se, ""Akwªn k`-bpsS Hcp ]cn-tO-ZØns‚ kwLm-X-amb Ip´m-bva-bm-Wv. ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv k`tbmSv F¥p-]-d-bp∂p F∂v hnth-Nn-°m-\p≈ hnip≤ Zn\-ßfm-Wv.''1 AXn\v Hcp-°a
- mbn {]kn-≤o-Ic
- n-°s
- ∏-Sp∂ Cu N¿®mk-lmbn ssIImcyw sNøp∂ aq∂v hnj-b-ßfpw ssZh-P-\Øns‚ Pohn-X-Øn-te°v Cd-ßn-s®-√p-hm-\p≈ k`bpsS
B{Klw shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-hbm-Wv. temI-Ønepw k`-bnepw
{Inkv X p- h n\v km£yw hln- ° p- ∂ - X n\v hnizm- k - k - a ql
Øn\p≈ {]tXyI anI-hp-Ifpw Ah¿ t\cn-Sp∂ sh√p-hn-fnIfpw Gh-sb∂v a\- n-em-°m-\p≈ Iq´m-bva-bnep≈ ]cn-{iaamWv Akwªn. Akw-ªn-bn-eqsS k` Ah-fpsS A∏-kvtXmenI ]mc-ºcyw temI-Øn¬ Pohn-®p-sIm≠v ItØm-en-°m-Iq´m-bva°v B°w Iq´p-∂p; cmjv{S-\n¿Ωn-Xn-bn-ep≈ Ah-fpsS
]¶v h¿≤-am-\-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.
tbip-hns‚ efn-X-Po-hn-Xhpw ]T-\-ßfpw \ΩpsS Pohn-Xco-Xn-Iƒ kphn-ti-jm-\p-kr-X-am°p∂-Xn\v Blzm\w sNøp∂p. AXn-\m-h-iy-amb {]mtbm-KnI \S-]-Sn-Ifnte°v \bn-°p∂-XmWv Akw-ªn-bpsS BZy-hn-j-b-am-b, ""Pohn-X-em-fnXyw"".
C∂sØ kaq-lsØ Im¿∂p-Xn-∂p∂ Itºm-f-kw-kvIm-cw,
kaq-l-Øn¬ DS-se-Sp-°p∂ hy‡n-b-[n-jvTn-X-amb kmaq-lnMar Varkey Cardinal Vithayathil, “Inaugural Message” in Acts of the
Third Major Archiepiscopal Assembly, edited by Fr. Justin Vettukallel
MST, Syro-Malabar Major Archiepiscopal Curia, Mount St. Thomas,
Kakkanad, 2010, p. 20.
106
1
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
I, aX, A\pjvTm\-߃, ]ptcm-K-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ sX‰mb
A\p-am-\-߃ XpS-ßn-b-hsb hna¿i-\m-fl-I-ambn hne-bn-cpØn-s°m-≠mWv efn-X-Po-hn-X-Øn-s\-Xn-cmb sh√p-hn-fnIsf
t\cn-tS≠Xv. Cu hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ \ΩpsS N¿®-Iƒ
emfn- X y- Ø ns‚ Bflo- b X \ΩpsS Pohn- X - Ø ns‚
hy‡n]chpw IpSpw-_]chpw kmaq-ln-Ih
- pamb am\-ßs
- fbpw
k`- b psS AP- ] m- e - \ at\m- ` m- h - ß - s fbpw LS\Isfbpw
Fßns\ kv]¿in-°p∂p F∂-Xn¬ tI{μo-I-cn-®p sIm≠mIWw.
c≠m- a sØ hnj- b - a mb ""IpSpw_Ønse ss{Ikv X - h km£yw'' IpSpw-_s
- Ø-°p-dn-®p≈ ssZhn-I]
- ≤
- X
- nsb IqSpX¬
a\- n-em-°p-∂-Xn\pw, IpSpw_w C∂v t\cn-Sp∂ sh√p-hn-fn-ItfmSv {]Xn-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k`-bnse kº-∂amb IpSpw_]m-c-º-cy-ßsf i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw hnizmkn-Isf Blzm-\w sNøp-∂p. IpSpw-_-Øns‚ LS-\-sbbpw
ZrV-X-sbbpw \in-∏n-°p∂ C∂sØ kaq-l-Ønse ]e {]hW-XI
- f
- pw IpSpw-_P
- o-hn-XØ
- n\p am{X-a√ Xpc¶w hbv°p∂Xv,
kotdm-ae
- _
- m¿ k`-bpsS kmaq-Zm-bnI ASn-Ød- °v Xs∂-bmWv.
kmaq-ln-I, kmwkvIm-cnI Xe-ßf
- n¬ D≠m-bn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂
KXn-am-‰ß
- ƒ aqew IpSpw-_ß
- f
- nse am\-kn-I, sshIm-cnI Xeß-fn¬ kw`-hn-®ncn°p∂ Akw-Xp-en-Xm-h-ÿ IpSpw-_-ßsf
\n¿÷o-h-am°ns°m-≠ncn-°p∂p. ItØm-en°m k`-bpsS
hy‡n-]c
- , sshIm-cn-I- ]-Iz-Xs
- b-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T-\ß
- f
- psS shfn®-Øn¬ Cu sh√p-hn-fn-Isf t\cn-Sp-∂-Xn\v k`-bpsS IpSpw_- t {]- j n- X - X zsØ Fßns\ i‡n- s ∏- S pØmw F∂v Cu
Akwªn Kuc-ha
- mbn N¿®-sNbvXv Xocp-am-\ß
- f
- n-se-Øp-sa∂v
\ap°v {]Xym-in-°mw. k`-bpsS hnhn[ taJ-eI
- f
- n¬ {]h¿Øn°p∂ k`m-a°ƒ°v \ΩpsS sNdp-∏-°m-cmb Zº-Xn-Isf
Fßns\ kl-K-an°mw (accompany) F∂v XpS¿N¿®Ifn¬
hni-I-e\w sNø-s∏-S-Ww.
aq∂m-asØ hnj-b-amb ""{]hm-kn-I-fpsS ZuXyw'' kotdm-ae-_m¿ IpSn-tb-‰-߃ \¬Ip∂ km[y-X-Ifpw Db¿Øp∂
107
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
sh√p-hn-fn-Ifpw Gh-sb∂v hni-I-e\w sNøp-∂p. CubSp-ØIm-e-Ømbn {]hm-k-Ip-Spw-_-ß-fn-sebpw kaq-l-ß-fn-sebpw
amdn-h-cp∂ kmaq-ln-I, kmwkvIm-cn-I, `mjm-]c kml-N-cy-ßfnep≈ hnizm-k-ssI-am‰w kotdmae-_m¿ k` hfsc Kucamb ]cn-Nn-¥-\-Øn\v hnj-b-am°n hcp-∂p. F¶nepw, \ΩpsS
{]hm-kk
- a
- q-lß
- sf i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂X
- n\pw NnX-dn-∏m¿°p∂
kotdm-ae
- _
- m¿ hnizm-kn-Is
- f hnizmkw Pohn-°p-∂X
- n\pw Ahc-h-cpsS kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ kphn-ti-j-{]-tLm-j-I-cm-°p-∂Xn\pap≈ {]mtbm-KnI \S-]-Sn-Isf°pdn®v Cu Akwªn BgØn¬ Nn¥n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kotdm-a-e-_m¿ k` Hcp
BtKm-f-k-`-bmbn cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn-\p≈ kph¿Wm-h-k-cß-fm-Wv IpSn-tb-‰-߃. AXn-\mhiyamb Znim-t_m[w {]hmk-ka
- q-lß
- ƒ°v \¬Ip-Ibpw tIc-fØ
- nse hnizm-kn-Isf Hcp°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠Xv AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-am-Wv.
Cu sh√p-hn-fn-Isf k`m-a-°-sf-√m-hcpw kwLm-X-ambn
ssIImcyw sNøp-∂-Xn\p th≠n-bmWv Cu N¿®mklmbn
{]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. hyXy-kvX-ß-fmb \nco-£-W-ß-fnte°pw {]Xn-Ic
- W
- ß
- fnte°pw Ah-tem-I\
- ß
- f
- n-te°pw \bn°p-hm≥ D]-bp-‡-amb Hcp am¿§-tcJ am{X-am-WnXv. Hmtcm
hnj-b-Øn-s‚bpw Ah-km-\-Øn¬ sImSp-Øn-cn-°p∂ tNmZy߃ k`-bpsS hnhn-[-X-e-ß-fnse ˛ cq]-XIƒ, sshZn-I-Iq-´mbva-Iƒ, CS-h-I-Iƒ, k\ym-k-kaql-߃, {]hmkn kaq-l߃, IpSpw-_-Iq-´m-bva-Iƒ, hy‡n-]-c-amb hnNn-¥-\-߃ ˛
N¿®-Iƒ°v hnt[-b-am-I-Ww. Cu {]Xn-I-c-W-߃ kotdm-a-e_m¿ hnizm-kn-k-aq-l-Øns‚ s]mXp-hmb {]Xn-I-c-W-ambn
IW-°m-°-s∏-Spw. Ch-bmWv Akw-ªn°p apºv ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn°p∂ Akw-ªn-bpsS {]h¿Ø\ am¿§-tc-J-bpsSbpw N¿®-IfpsSbpw KXn \nb-{¥n-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬, Cu N¿®m-k-lmbnsb hfsc Kuc-h-]q¿h-I-amb ]cn-Nn-¥-\-Øn\v hnt[-b-am°p-hm≥ F√m k`m-hn-izm-kn-Isfbpw kotdm-ae
- _
- m¿ kn\Uv
Blzm\w sNøp-∂p.
108
kotdm ae-_m¿ taP¿ B¿°n F∏n-kvtIm-∏¬ Akwªn- - 2016
ABBREVIATIONS
AAS
:
Acta Apostolicae Sedis
AG
:
Ad Gentes
ANF
:
Ante-Nicene Fathers
CCC
:
Catechism of the Catholic Church
CCEO
:
Codex Canonum Ecclesiarum
Orientalium
CD
:
Christus Dominus
CIC
:
Codex Iuris Canonici
EG
:
Evangelii Gaudium
EMCC
:
Erga Migrantes Caritas Christi
FC
:
Familiaris Consortio
GS
:
Gaudium et Spes
LF
:
Lumen Fidei
LG
:
Lumen Gentium
LS
:
Laudato Si’
MD
:
Mulieris Dignitatem
NPNF
:
Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers
OE
:
Orientalium Ecclesiarum
PFS
:
Pope Francis’ Speech
PL
:
Patrologia Latina
PP
:
Populorum Progressio
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