International Journal on Applications in Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Volume 2: Issue 3: March 2016, pp 13-16. www.aetsjournal.com
ISSN (Online) : 2395-3527
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -----------------------------------------------
GPS Based Detection and Located the Accident
and Transfer the Information to Ambulance
/Hospital/ Police Station Using Gsm Technology
N.Balaji , S. Harish Raja , S.Kaleeshwaran ,S.Sugumar

Today GPS used in cars, ambulances, fleets and
police vehicles are common sights on the roads of developed
countries. All the existing technology support tracking the
vehicle place and status The GPS/GSM Based System is one
of the most both GSM and GPS technologies. GPS is detect
the accident location and send the alert message to the nearby
ambulance or nearby hospitals or nearby police station which
is helpful for the fast recovery for vehicle users.
Abstract— The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure
has made our lives easier. Now a days the vehicle purchase and
vehicle user level is widely increase in the world. The road accidents
take place frequently which causes huge loss of life and property
Road accidents are mainly increased the human death rate [6]. Poor
emergency system and accident detection system is the main cause
for increasing the death rate in this situation our project gives
excellent emergency system to reduce the human death rate the loss
of human life due to accident is to be avoided. Generally, the
development of satellite communication technology is easy to
identify the vehicle locations. Vehicle tracking systems have brought
this technology to the day-to-day life of the common person. We can
detect the accident using GPS, GSM technology
Our project is to reduce the response time of emergency services,
and they get the information immediately Currently GPS vehicle
tracking ensures their safety as travelling If any accident may occurs
the protection system is sends the SMS to the nearby ambulance or
nearby hospitals or nearby police station. To accidental vehicle
tracking and locating systems are using mainly give a first aid to the
patients to save the life
Keywords:
GSM,
Temperature sensor
GPS,
Vibration
Sensor,
AT
II. DESCRIPTION OF COMPONENTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Power Supply
AT89S52 Microcontroller
GPS
Vibration Sensor
Temperature sensor
GSM
A. Power Supply
89S52,
I. INTRODUCTION
I
n present situation if any accident is occurs means there is
no fast recovery system .Fast recovery system is must be
required. In our project GSM and GPS based vehicle location
and tracking system will provide effective, real time vehicle
location, mapping and reporting this information value and ads
by improving the level of service provided. A GPS-based
vehicle tracking system will inform where your vehicle is and
where it has been, how long it has been. The system uses
geographic position and time information from the Global
Positioning Satellites. The system has an "On-Board Module"
which resides in the vehicle to be tracked and a "Base Station"
that monitors data from the various vehicles. The On-Board
module consists of GPS receiver, a GSM modem.
Fig 1 – Block diagram
The above figure shows the power supply section. It
consists of step down transformer, rectifier, filter and
regulator.
B. AT89S52 Micro Controller
The Microcontroller works at a crystal frequency of
11.0592 MHz the crystal is connected across pins 18 and 19
[7].This frequency is used to set the serial port communication
at 9600 bps. The proximity sensor and the IR receiver are
connected to ports p2.1 (22) and p2.0 (21). The ports p3.0 and
p3.1 are used for serial port communication. The port p1.2 is
connected to the voice processor. Send Serial switch is
connected to the p1.1 (2) ports which when pressed the data
from the DS1307 is sent to the PC. The Learn_ Software
switch when pressed predicts the obstacles by learning from
the history of obstacles and their event timings. The RESET
pin (9) is used for resetting the microcontroller. EA/VPP External Access Enable. EA must be strapped to GND in order
to enable the device to fetch code from external program
memory locations starting at 0000H up to FFFFH. When the
N.Balaji , UG Students in Sree Sowdambika College of engineering.
S. Harish Raja , UG Students
in Sree Sowdambika College of
engineering. (Email : harish.inayam294@gmail.com )
S.Kaleeshwaran , UG Students
in Sree Sowdambika College of
engineering. (Email : sivakalees1195@gmail.com )
S.Sugumar Assistant Professor in Sree Sowdambika College of
engineering. (Email : electronics.paulsugu@gmail.com, )
13
International Journal on Applications in Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Volume 2: Issue 3: March 2016, pp 13-16. www.aetsjournal.com
ISSN (Online) : 2395-3527
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------AT89S52 is executing code from external program EA should D. GPS
be strapped to VCC for internal program executions. This pin
also receives the 12-volt programming enable voltage (VPP)
during Flash programming.
A GPS receiver calculates its position by precisely timing
the signals sent by GPS satellites high above the Earth. Each
satellite continually transmits messages that include the time
the message was transmitted precise orbital information (the
ephemeris) the general system health and rough orbits of all
GPS satellites (the almanac).
The receiver utilizes the messages it receives to
determine the transit time of each message and computes the
distances to each satellite. These distances along with the
satellites' locations are used with the possible aid of
trilateration, depending on whichalgorithm is used, to compute
the position of the receiver. This position is then displayed,
perhaps with a moving map display or latitude and
longitude; elevation information may be included.Many GPS
units show derived information such as direction and speed,
calculated from position changes.
Three satellites might seem enough to solve for position,
since space has three dimensions and a position near the
Earth's surface can be assumed. However, even a very small
clock error multiplied by the very large speed of light — the
speed at which satellite signals propagate — results in a large
positional error. Therefore receivers use four or more satellites
to solve for the receiver's location and time. The very
accurately computed time is effectively hidden by most GPS
applications, which use only the location. A few specialized
GPS applications do however use the time; these include time
transfer, traffic signal timing, and synchronization of cell
phone basestations.
Although four satellites are required for normal operation,
fewer apply in special cases. If one variable is already known,
a receiver can determine its position using only three satellites.
(For example, a ship or plane may have known elevation.)
Some GPS receivers may use additional clues or assumptions
(such as reusing the last known altitude, deadreckoning,
inertial navigation, or including information from the vehicle
computer) to give a less accurate (degraded) position when
fewer than four satellites are visible.
Fig 2 Pin diagram of microcontroller
C. Features
We chose this Microcontroller because it is cheap and it
follows textbook standards and hence is very useful for
learning purposes. The various other features which
have been benefiting are:
• Compatible with MCS-51® Products
• 8K Bytes of In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash
Memory Endurance: 1000 Write/Erase Cycles
• 4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range
• Fully Static Operation: 0 Hz to 33 MHz
• Three-level Program Memory Lock
• 256 x 8-bit Internal RAM
• 32 Programmable I/O Lines
• Three 16-bit Timer/Counters
• Eight Interrupt Sources
• Full Duplex UART Serial Channel
• Low-power Idle and Power-down Modes
• Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode
• Watchdog Timer
• Dual Data Pointer
• Power-off Flag
E. VIBRAION SENSOR
VIB04 is an our general vibration transducer module, This
module holds high sensitivity to catch vibration signal and
output high or low voltage signal level to wake up a
microcontroller or can be counted to estimate the amount and
duration of vibration, it works stable and reliable, big
regulating range. It’s ideal for the vehicles theft-proof system
14
International Journal on Applications in Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Volume 2: Issue 3: March 2016, pp 13-16. www.aetsjournal.com
ISSN (Online) : 2395-3527
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------and kinds of domestic security system. Meanwhile, PCBA • 0.5°C accuracy guarantee able (at +25°C)
adopts SMT technical craft, imported components and • Rated for full −55° to +150°C range Suitable for remote
assembled, and two kinds of output voltage signal were
applications
chosen.
• Low cost due to wafer-level trimming
That the vibration sensor are (6 sensors) are fixed around • Operates from 4 to 30 volts Less than 60 μA current drain
the vehicle parts. That to be detect he highest value of • Low self-heating, 0.08°C in still air Nonlinearity only
433.9MHz.
±1⁄4°C typical
• Low impedance output, 0.1 W for 1 mA load
1) Function description:
H. GSM
Work voltage
: 12VDC
GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications)
Operating current : ＜10mA
originally from (Group Spécial Mobile) is the most popular
Stand by current
standard for mobile telephony systems in the world. The GSM
(When at rest) : ＜0.3mA
Output mode
: high/low voltage signal level can choose Association, its promoting industry trade organization of
mobile phone carriers and manufacturers, estimates that 80%
any one of two kinds）
of the global mobile market uses the standard. GSM is used by
Sensitivity
: Adjustable
over 1.5 billion people across more than 212 countries and
Size
: 50*35*20mm (LWH)
territories. Its ubiquity enables international roaming
connection sign : red-12v (anode), black-GND (cathode),
arrangementsbetween mobile network operators, providing
blue--signal output
subscribers the use of their phones in many parts of the world.
2) Application field:
GSM differs from its predecessor technologies in that both
signaling and speech channels are digital, and thus GSM is
All kinds of vibration triggered wake-up in vehicle &
considered a second generation(2G) mobile phone system.
domestic security system etc.
This also facilitates the widespread implementation of data
F. TEMPRATURE SENSOR
communication applications into the system.
The ubiquity of implementation of the GSM (Global System
The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit temperature
Market)
standard has been an advantage to both consumers,
sensors, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the
who
may
benefit from the ability to roam and switch carriers
Celsius (Centigrade) temperature [8]. The LM35 thus has an
without
replacing
phones, and also to network operators, who
advantage over linear temperature sensors calibrated in °
can
choose
equipment
from many GSM equipment
Kelvin, as the user is not required to subtract a large constant
[4]
vendors.
GSM
also
pioneered
low-cost implementation of the
voltage from its output to obtain convenient Centigrade
short
message
service
(SMS),
also called text messaging,
scaling. The LM35 does not require any external calibration or
which
has
since
been
supported
on other mobile phone
trimming to provide typical accuracies of ±1 ⁄4°C at room
standards
as
well.
The
standard
includes a worldwide
temperature and ±3⁄4°C over a full −55 to +150°C temperature
emergency
telephone
number
feature.
range. Low cost is assured by trimming and calibration at the
Newer versions of the standard were backward-compatible
wafer level.
with
the original GSM system. For example, Release '97 of the
The LM35’s low output impedance, linear output, and
standard
added packet data capabilities by means of General
precise inherent calibration make interfacing to readout or
Packet
Radio
Service (GPRS). Release '99 introduced higher
control circuitry especially easy. It can be used with single
speed
data
transmission
using Enhanced Data Rates for GSM
power supplies, or with plus and minus supplies. As it draws
Evolution
(EDGE).
only 60 μA from its supply, it has very low self-heating, less
than 0.1°C in still air. The LM35 is rated to operate over a
−55° to +150°C temperature range, while the LM35C is rated
for a −40° to +110°C range (−10° with improved accuracy).
The LM35 series is available packaged in hermetic TO-46
transistor packages, while the LM35C, LM35CA, and LM35D
are also available in the plastic TO-92 transistor package. The
LM35D is also available in an 8-lead surface mount small
outline package and a plastic TO-220 package.
In the temperature sensors are measure he temperature
value, I may fixed nearby the vehicle engine. That may
measure the value of 120o c-160oc.
I. Technical details
GSM is a cellular network, which means that mobile phones
connect to it by searching for cells in the immediate vicinity.
There are five different cell sizes in a GSM network—
macro,micro,pico,femtoand umbrella cells. The coverage area
of each cell varies according to the implementation
environment.
G. Features
•
•
Calibrated directly in ° Celsius (Centigrade)
Linear + 10.0 mV/°C scale factor
15
International Journal on Applications in Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Volume 2: Issue 3: March 2016, pp 13-16. www.aetsjournal.com
ISSN (Online) : 2395-3527
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -----------------------------------------------
GSM cell site antennas in the Detaches Museum, Munich,
Germany
Macro cells can be regarded as cells where the base
station antenna is installed on a mast or a building above
average roof top level. Micro cells are cells whose antenna
height is under average roof top level; they are typically used
in urban areas. Picocells are small cells whose coverage
diameter is a few dozen metres; they are mainly used indoors.
Femtocells are cells designed for use in residential or small
business environments and connect to the service provider’s
network via a broadband internet connection. Umbrella cells
are used to cover shadowed regions of smaller cells and fill in
gaps in coverage between those cells.
IV. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE SCOPE
Vehicle tracking system is becoming increasingly
important in large cities and it is more secured than other
systems. Now a day’s vehicle the fitting is rapidly increasing,
with this we can have a good control in it. The vehicle can be
turned off by only with a simple SMS [6]. Since, now a days
the cost of the vehicles are increasing they will not step back
to offer it. This setup can be made more interactive by adding
a display to show some basic information about the vehicle
and also add emergency numbers which can be used in case of
emergency. Upgrading this setup is very easy which makes it
open to future requirements without the need of rebuilding of
everything from scratch, which also makes it more efficient.
III. PROPOSED HARDWARE SYSTEM
If any accident is occurs means temperature and vibration
sensor is detect the accident. Vibration sensor is sense the
abnormal vibration in the vehicles during accident timings.
Also the temperature sensor also detect the abnormal
temperature of the vehicles. The vibration set level is in the
range of 433.9MHZ.The temperature set range is 120 o C to
160o C .If the temperature or vibration is increase is in the
rated value anyone sensor can detect the accident and send the
alert message to the micro controller.
GPS is find the accident location, time and date. It is useful
for find the location and distance of the vehicle. Micro
controller is interfaced with the GSM modem. The accident
alert message is send from the using of GSM modem.
If any accident may occurs the protection system is sends
the SMS to the nearby ambulance or nearby hospitals or
nearby police station.
REFERENCE
[1] International Journal of Application or Innovation in Engineering &
Management (IJAIEM) Web Site: www.ijaiem.org Email:
editor@ijaiem.org
[2] Automatic Accident Notification System using GPS & GSM with 3G
Technology for Video Monitoring. International Journal of Emerging
Trends in Electrical and Electronics (IJETEE).
[3] International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer and
Communication Engineering Vol. 3, Issue 2, February 2014 Copyright to
IJARCCE www.ijarcce.com 5487 Intelligent accident identification
system using GPS, GSM modem
[4] Int. J. Communications, Network and System Sciences, 2014, 7, 286-293
Published Online August 2014 in SciRes.http:// www.scirp.org/
journal/ijcns http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ijcns.2014.7803 1sadia.murawwat
@hotmail.com
[5] International Journal of Engineering Research and Development e-ISSN:
2278067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com Volume 10, Issue 4
(April 2014), PP.25-28 Vehicle Accident Detection and Reporting
System Using GPS and GSM AboliRavindraWakure, Apurva Rajendra
Patkar, ManishaVitthalDagale, PriyankaPradeepkumar Solanki Dep. of
Electronics, VeermataJijabai Technical Institute, Matunga, Mumbai, India.
[6] Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection and Messaging System Using
GSM and GPS Modem DOI:10.15662/ijareeie.2014.0307062
www.ijareeie.com
[7] Literature Requests for the A89S52 www.atmel.com/literature
[8] National Semiconductor
16