Statistical
Annex
Human development
statistical annex
Readers guide 123
Key to HDI countries and ranks, 2011 126
Statistical tables 127
Technical notes
Calculating the human development indices—graphical presentation 167
Technical note 1 168
Technical note 2 169
Technical note 3 171
Technical note 4 172
Regions 174
Statistical references 175
Human development statistical annex
121
Readers guide
The 10 statistical tables provide an overview of
key aspects of human development at the country and regional levels as well as for key country
groupings. The tables include composite indices
estimated by the Human Development Report
Office (HDRO), using the methods detailed
in Technical notes 1–4. Data in the tables are
those available to the HDRO as of 15 May 2011,
unless otherwise noted.
The tables include data for as many of the
192 UN member states as possible as well as
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of
China and the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
Data availability determines Human Development Index (HDI) country coverage. Where
reliable data are unavailable or there is significant uncertainty about the validity of the data,
countries are excluded from calculations in order
to ensure the statistical credibility of the HDR.
Countries and areas are ranked by their
2011 HDI value. The Key to countries on the
inside back cover of the Report lists countries
alphabetically with their HDI ranks.
All the indicators are available online in
several formats at http://hdr.undp.org/en/
statistics, which includes interactive tools,
maps of all the human development indices and
selected animations, descriptive materials such
as country factsheets, and guidance on how to
calculate the indices. These materials are also
available in French and Spanish.
Sources and definitions
The HDRO is primarily a user, not a producer,
of statistics. It relies on international data agencies with the mandate, resources and expertise
to collect and compile national data on specific
indicators. Where data are not available from
international data suppliers, data from other
credible sources are used.
Definitions of indicators and sources for
original data components are given at the end
of each table, with full references in the Statistical references. For more detailed technical information about the indicators, the websites of the
respective source agencies should be consulted;
links to these sources are at http://hdr.undp.
org/en/statistics.
Comparisons over time and
across editions of the Report
Because international data agencies continually improve their data series, the data—­
including the HDI values and ranks—­
presented in this Report are not comparable
to those published in earlier editions. For the
HDI, trends using consistent data—­calculated
at five-year intervals for 1980–2011—are presented in table 2.
Discrepancies between national
and international estimates
When compiling data series, international agencies apply international standards and harmonization procedures to make national data comparable across countries. When data for a country
are missing, an international agency may produce an estimate if other relevant information is
available. In some cases international data series
may not incorporate the most recent national
data. All these factors can lead to discrepancies
between national and international estimates.
When HDRO becomes aware of discrepancies, these are brought to the attention of
national and international data authorities. The
HDRO continues to advocate for improving
international data and actively supports efforts
to enhance data quality.
Readers guide
123
Country groupings and aggregates
Country notes
In addition to country-level data, several population-weighted aggregates are presented. In
general, an aggregate is shown for a country
grouping only when the relevant data are available for at least half the countries and represent
at least two-thirds of the available population in
that classification. Aggregates for each classification represent only the countries for which data
are available, unless otherwise noted. Occasionally aggregates are those from the original source
rather than weighted averages; these values are
indicated with a superscript “T”.
Data for China do not include Hong Kong
Special Administrative Region of China, Macao
Special Administrative Region of China or
Taiwan Province of China, unless otherwise
noted. Data for Sudan include South Sudan
unless otherwise noted but are often based on
information collected from the northern part of
the country only.
Human development classification
HDI classifications are relative—based on quartiles of HDI distribution across countries and
denoted very high, high, medium and low HDI.
Because there are 187 countries, the four groups
do not have the same number of countries: the
very high, high and medium HDI groups have
47 countries each, and the low HDI group has
46 countries.
Country groupings
Countries are grouped based on UNDP regional
classification. Other groupings are based on
UN classifications such as Least Developed
Countries and Small Island Developing States.
The composition of each region is presented in
Regions.
124
Human development report 2011
Symbols
A dash between two years, as in 2005–2011,
indicates that the data are the most recent year
available in the period specified, unless otherwise noted. Growth rates are usually average
annual rates of growth between the first and last
years of the period shown.
A slash between years such as 2005/2011
indicates average for the years shown, unless
otherwise noted.
The following symbols are used in the tables:
..
Not available
0 or 0.0 Nil or negligible
—
Not applicable
<
Less than
Statistical tables
Composite measures
1 Human Development Index and its components
2 Human Development Index trends, 1980–2011
3 Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
4 Gender Inequality Index and related indicators
5 Multidimensional Poverty Index
Dimensions of human development
6 Environmental sustainability
7 Human development effects of environmental threats
8 Perceptions about well-being and the environment
9 Education and health
10 Population and economy
Statistical tables
125
Key to HDI countries and ranks, 2011
Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
Andorra
Angola
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Austria
Azerbaijan
Bahamas
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belarus
Belgium
Belize
Benin
Bhutan
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei Darussalam
Bulgaria
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Cape Verde
Central African Republic
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Comoros
Congo
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Costa Rica
Côte d’Ivoire
Croatia
Cuba
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Djibouti
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Estonia
Ethiopia
Fiji
Finland
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
France
Gabon
Gambia
126
Human development report 2011
172
70
96
32
148
60
45
86
2
19
91
53
42
146
47
65
18
93
167
141
108
74
118
84
33
55
181
185
139
150
6
133
179
183
44
101
87
163
137
187
69
170
46
51
31
27
16
165
81
98
83
113
105
136
177
34
174
100
22
78
20
106
168
Georgia
Germany
Ghana
Greece
Grenada
Guatemala
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hong Kong, China (SAR)
Hungary
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Iran, Islamic Republic of
Iraq
Ireland
Israel
Italy
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
Kiribati
Korea, Republic of
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Latvia
Lebanon
Lesotho
Liberia
Libya
Liechtenstein
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Maldives
Mali
Malta
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Micronesia, Federated States of
Moldova, Republic of
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Myanmar
Namibia
Nepal
Netherlands
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
Norway
75
9
135
29
67
131
178
176
117
158
121
13
38
14
134
124
88
132
7
17
24
79
12
95
68
143
122
15
63
126
138
43
71
160
182
64
8
40
25
151
171
61
109
175
36
159
77
57
116
111
110
54
130
184
149
120
157
3
5
129
186
156
1
Occupied Palestinian Territory
Oman
Pakistan
Palau
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Portugal
Qatar
Romania
Russian Federation
Rwanda
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Samoa
São Tomé and Príncipe
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Serbia
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Slovakia
Slovenia
Solomon Islands
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sudan
Suriname
Swaziland
Sweden
Switzerland
Syrian Arab Republic
Tajikistan
Tanzania, United Republic of
Thailand
Timor-Leste
Togo
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Turkmenistan
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom
United States
Uruguay
Uzbekistan
Vanuatu
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Viet Nam
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
114
89
145
49
58
153
107
80
112
39
41
37
50
66
166
72
82
85
99
144
56
155
59
52
180
26
35
21
142
123
23
97
169
104
140
10
11
119
127
152
103
147
162
90
62
94
92
102
161
76
30
28
4
48
115
125
73
128
154
164
173
table
1
Human Development Index and its components
HDI rank
Human
Development
Index (HDI)
Value
Life expectancy
at birth
(years)
Mean years of
schooling
(years)
Expected years
of schooling
(years)
Gross national
income (GNI)
per capita
(constant 2005
PPP $)
GNI per capita rank
minus HDI rank
Nonincome
HDI
Value
2011
2011
2011a
2011a
2011
2011
2011
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1 Norway
2 Australia
3 Netherlands
4 United States
5 New Zealand
6 Canada
7 Ireland
8 Liechtenstein
9 Germany
10 Sweden
11 Switzerland
12 Japan
13 Hong Kong, China (SAR)
14 Iceland
15 Korea, Republic of
16 Denmark
17 Israel
18 Belgium
19 Austria
20 France
21 Slovenia
22 Finland
23 Spain
24 Italy
25 Luxembourg
26 Singapore
27 Czech Republic
28 United Kingdom
29 Greece
30 United Arab Emirates
31 Cyprus
32 Andorra
33 Brunei Darussalam
34 Estonia
35 Slovakia
36 Malta
37 Qatar
38 Hungary
39 Poland
40 Lithuania
41 Portugal
42 Bahrain
43 Latvia
44 Chile
45 Argentina
46 Croatia
47 Barbados
0.943
0.929
0.910
0.910
0.908
0.908
0.908
0.905
0.905
0.904
0.903
0.901
0.898
0.898
0.897
0.895
0.888
0.886
0.885
0.884
0.884
0.882
0.878
0.874
0.867
0.866
0.865
0.863
0.861
0.846
0.840
0.838
0.838
0.835
0.834
0.832
0.831
0.816
0.813
0.810
0.809
0.806
0.805
0.805
0.797
0.796
0.793
81.1
81.9
80.7
78.5
80.7
81.0
80.6
79.6
80.4
81.4
82.3
83.4
82.8
81.8
80.6
78.8
81.6
80.0
80.9
81.5
79.3
80.0
81.4
81.9
80.0
81.1
77.7
80.2
79.9
76.5
79.6
80.9
78.0
74.8
75.4
79.6
78.4
74.4
76.1
72.2
79.5
75.1
73.3
79.1
75.9
76.6
76.8
12.6
12.0
11.6 b
12.4
12.5
12.1 b
11.6
10.3 c
12.2 b
11.7 b
11.0 b
11.6 b
10.0
10.4
11.6 b
11.4 b
11.9
10.9 b
10.8 b
10.6 b
11.6 b
10.3
10.4 b
10.1 b
10.1
8.8 b
12.3
9.3
10.1 b
9.3
9.8
10.4 f
8.6
12.0
11.6
9.9
7.3
11.1 b
10.0 b
10.9
7.7
9.4
11.5 b
9.7
9.3
9.8 b
9.3
17.3
18.0
16.8
16.0
18.0
16.0
18.0
14.7
15.9
15.7
15.6
15.1
15.7
18.0
16.9
16.9
15.5
16.1
15.3
16.1
16.9
16.8
16.6
16.3
13.3
14.4 e
15.6
16.1
16.5
13.3
14.7
11.5
14.1
15.7
14.9
14.4
12.0
15.3
15.3
16.1
15.9
13.4
15.0
14.7
15.8
13.9
13.4 h
47,557
34,431
36,402
43,017
23,737
35,166
29,322
83,717 d
34,854
35,837
39,924
32,295
44,805
29,354
28,230
34,347
25,849
33,357
35,719
30,462
24,914
32,438
26,508
26,484
50,557
52,569
21,405
33,296
23,747
59,993
24,841
36,095 g
45,753
16,799
19,998
21,460
107,721
16,581
17,451
16,234
20,573
28,169
14,293
13,329
14,527
15,729
17,966
6
16
9
6
30
10
19
–6
8
4
0
11
–4
11
12
3
14
2
–4
4
11
0
6
6
–20
–22
14
–7
5
–27
2
–19
–25
13
8
4
–36
11
7
10
1
–14
12
14
9
5
–3
0.975
0.979
0.944
0.931
0.978
0.944
0.959
0.877
0.940
0.936
0.926
0.940
0.910
0.943
0.945
0.926
0.939
0.914
0.908
0.919
0.935
0.911
0.920
0.914
0.854
0.851
0.917
0.879
0.902
0.813
0.866
0.836
0.819
0.890
0.875
0.866
0.757
0.862
0.853
0.853
0.833
0.806
0.857
0.862
0.843
0.834
0.818
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
48 Uruguay
49 Palau
50 Romania
51 Cuba
52 Seychelles
53 Bahamas
54 Montenegro
55 Bulgaria
56 Saudi Arabia
57 Mexico
0.783
0.782
0.781
0.776
0.773
0.771
0.771
0.771
0.770
0.770
77.0
71.8
74.0
79.1
73.6
75.6
74.6
73.4
73.9
77.0
8.5 b
12.1 i
10.4
9.9
9.4 m
8.5 m
10.6
10.6 b
7.8
8.5
15.5
14.7
14.9
17.5
13.3
12.0
13.7 h
13.7
13.7
13.9
13,242
9,744 j,k
11,046
5,416 l
16,729
23,029 n
10,361 o
11,412
23,274
13,245
12
29
20
52
–4
–15
20
14
–19
2
0.828
0.853
0.841
0.904
0.794
0.768
0.831
0.822
0.765
0.808
STATISTICAL tables
127
Human Development Index and its components
table
1
HDI rank
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
Panama
Serbia
Antigua and Barbuda
Malaysia
Trinidad and Tobago
Kuwait
Libya
Belarus
Russian Federation
Grenada
Kazakhstan
Costa Rica
Albania
Lebanon
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Georgia
Ukraine
Mauritius
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Jamaica
Peru
Dominica
Saint Lucia
Ecuador
Brazil
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Armenia
Colombia
Iran, Islamic Republic of
Oman
Tonga
Azerbaijan
Turkey
Belize
Tunisia
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
95 Jordan
96 Algeria
97 Sri Lanka
98 Dominican Republic
99 Samoa
100 Fiji
101 China
102 Turkmenistan
103 Thailand
104 Suriname
105 El Salvador
106 Gabon
107 Paraguay
108 Bolivia, Plurinational State of
109 Maldives
110 Mongolia
111 Moldova, Republic of
112 Philippines
113 Egypt
114 Occupied Palestinian Territory
115 Uzbekistan
116 Micronesia, Federated States of
117 Guyana
118 Botswana
128
human development report 2011
Gross national
income (GNI)
per capita
(constant 2005
PPP $)
Human
Development
Index (HDI)
Value
Life expectancy
at birth
(years)
Mean years of
schooling
(years)
Expected years
of schooling
(years)
2011
2011
2011a
2011a
76.1
74.5
72.6
74.2
70.1
74.6
74.8
70.3
68.8
76.0
67.0
79.3
76.9
72.6
73.1
74.4
75.7
73.7
68.5
73.4
74.8
73.1
74.0
77.5
74.6
75.6
73.5
72.3
74.2
73.7
73.0
73.0
72.3
70.7
74.0
76.1
74.5
9.4
10.2 b
8.9 h
9.5
9.2
6.1
7.3
9.3 r
9.8
8.6
10.4
8.3
10.4
7.9 m
8.4
7.6 b
8.7 r
12.1 r
11.3
7.2
8.2 r
9.6
8.7
7.7 m
8.3
7.6
7.2
8.6
10.8
7.3
7.3
5.5 m
10.3 b
8.6 m
6.5
8.0 b
6.5
13.2
13.7
14.0
12.6
12.3
12.3
16.6
14.6
14.1
16.0
15.1
11.7
11.3
13.8
12.9
14.2
13.6
13.1
14.7
13.6
13.3
13.8
12.9
13.2
13.1
14.0
13.8
13.2
12.0
13.6
12.7
11.8
13.7
11.8
11.8
12.4
14.5
2011
12,335
10,236
15,521
13,685
23,439 p
47,926
12,637 q
13,439
14,561
6,982
10,585
10,497
7,803
13,076
11,897
10,656
7,664
4,780
6,175
12,918
8,804
6,487
8,389
7,889
8,273
7,589
10,162
8,013
5,188
8,315
10,164
22,841
4,186
8,666
12,246
5,812
7,281
2011
0.768
0.766
0.764
0.761
0.760
0.760
0.760
0.756
0.755
0.748
0.745
0.744
0.739
0.739
0.735
0.735
0.733
0.733
0.729
0.728
0.728
0.727
0.725
0.724
0.723
0.720
0.718
0.717
0.716
0.710
0.707
0.705
0.704
0.700
0.699
0.699
0.698
7
16
–8
–5
–26
–57
0
–8
–13
30
4
4
18
–10
–4
–2
16
36
24
–14
2
19
2
6
2
9
–7
1
22
–4
–12
–50
26
–10
–25
9
2
2011
0.811
0.824
0.786
0.790
0.750
0.705
0.795
0.785
0.777
0.829
0.786
0.785
0.804
0.760
0.762
0.771
0.797
0.843
0.810
0.745
0.776
0.802
0.775
0.779
0.773
0.776
0.748
0.766
0.806
0.752
0.731
0.671
0.808
0.733
0.704
0.766
0.745
0.698
0.698
0.691
0.689
0.688
0.688
0.687
0.686
0.682
0.680
0.674
0.674
0.665
0.663
0.661
0.653
0.649
0.644
0.644
0.641
0.641
0.636
0.633
0.633
73.4
73.1
74.9
73.4
72.4
69.2
73.5
65.0
74.1
70.6
72.2
62.7
72.5
66.6
76.8
68.5
69.3
68.7
73.2
72.8
68.3
69.0
69.9
53.2
8.6
7.0
8.2
7.2 b
10.3 m
10.7 b
7.5
9.9 i
6.6
7.2 r
7.5
7.5
7.7
9.2
5.8 b
8.3
9.7
8.9 b
6.4
8.0 m
10.0 r
8.8 i
8.0
8.9
13.1
13.6
12.7
11.9
12.3
13.0
11.6
12.5 h
12.3
12.6
12.1
13.1
12.1
13.7
12.4
14.1
11.9
11.9
11.0
12.7
11.4
12.1 u
11.9
12.2
5,300
7,658
4,943
8,087
3,931 s
4,145
7,476
7,306
7,694
7,538
5,925
12,249
4,727
4,054
5,276
3,391
3,058
3,478
5,269
2,656 k,t
2,967
2,935 v
3,192
13,049
9
–5
12
–13
22
18
–7
–7
–14
–11
–4
–40
5
11
–3
17
21
11
–6
23
19
19
11
–56
0.773
0.739
0.768
0.720
0.788
0.781
0.725
0.724
0.714
0.712
0.724
0.667
0.729
0.742
0.714
0.743
0.746
0.725
0.686
0.750
0.736
0.729
0.715
0.602
GNI per capita rank
minus HDI rank
Nonincome
HDI
Value
Human Development Index and its components
HDI rank
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
Syrian Arab Republic
Namibia
Honduras
Kiribati
South Africa
Indonesia
Vanuatu
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Viet Nam
Nicaragua
Morocco
Guatemala
Iraq
Cape Verde
India
Ghana
Equatorial Guinea
Congo
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Cambodia
Swaziland
Bhutan
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
142 Solomon Islands
143 Kenya
144 São Tomé and Príncipe
145 Pakistan
146 Bangladesh
147 Timor-Leste
148 Angola
149 Myanmar
150 Cameroon
151 Madagascar
152 Tanzania, United Republic of
153 Papua New Guinea
154 Yemen
155 Senegal
156 Nigeria
157 Nepal
158 Haiti
159 Mauritania
160 Lesotho
161 Uganda
162 Togo
163 Comoros
164 Zambia
165 Djibouti
166 Rwanda
167 Benin
168 Gambia
169 Sudan
170 Côte d'Ivoire
171 Malawi
172 Afghanistan
173 Zimbabwe
174 Ethiopia
175 Mali
176 Guinea-Bissau
177 Eritrea
178 Guinea
179 Central African Republic
Human
Development
Index (HDI)
Value
Life expectancy
at birth
(years)
Mean years of
schooling
(years)
a
Expected years
of schooling
(years)
a
2011
0.632
0.625
0.625
0.624
0.619
0.617
0.617
0.615
0.607
0.593
0.589
0.582
0.574
0.573
0.568
0.547
0.541
0.537
0.533
0.524
0.523
0.522
0.522
2011
2011
2011
75.9
62.5
73.1
68.1
52.8
69.4
71.0
67.7
67.5
75.2
74.0
72.2
71.2
69.0
74.2
65.4
64.2
51.1
57.4
67.5
63.1
48.7
67.2
5.7 b
7.4
6.5
7.8
8.5 b
5.8
6.7
9.3
9.8
5.5
5.8
4.4
4.1
5.6
3.5 i
4.4
7.1
5.4 r
5.9
4.6
5.8
7.1
2.3 r
11.3
11.6
11.4
12.1
13.1
13.2
10.4
12.5
11.4
10.4
10.8
10.3
10.6
9.8
11.6
10.3
10.5
7.7
10.5
9.2
9.8
10.6
11.0
0.510
0.509
0.509
0.504
0.500
0.495
0.486
0.483
0.482
0.480
0.466
0.466
0.462
0.459
0.459
0.458
0.454
0.453
0.450
0.446
0.435
0.433
0.430
0.430
0.429
0.427
0.420
0.408
0.400
0.400
0.398
0.376
0.363
0.359
0.353
0.349
0.344
0.343
67.9
57.1
64.7
65.4
68.9
62.5
51.1
65.2
51.6
66.7
58.2
62.8
65.5
59.3
51.9
68.8
62.1
58.6
48.2
54.1
57.1
61.1
49.0
57.9
55.4
56.1
58.5
61.5
55.4
54.2
48.7
51.4
59.3
51.4
48.1
61.6
54.1
48.4
4.5 i
7.0
4.2 i
4.9
4.8
2.8 i
4.4 r
4.0
5.9
5.2 i
5.1
4.3
2.5
4.5
5.0 r
3.2
4.9
3.7
5.9 b
4.7
5.3
2.8 i
6.5
3.8 r
3.3
3.3
2.8
3.1
3.3
4.2
3.3
7.2
1.5 i
2.0 b
2.3 r
3.4
1.6 w
3.5
9.1
11.0
10.8
6.9
8.1
11.2
9.1
9.2
10.3
10.7
9.1
5.8
8.6
7.5
8.9
8.8
7.6 u
8.1
9.9
10.8
9.6
10.7
7.9
5.1
11.1
9.2
9.0
4.4
6.3
8.9
9.1
9.9
8.5
8.3
9.1
4.8
8.6
6.6
Gross national
income (GNI)
per capita
(constant 2005
PPP $)
2011
4,243
6,206
3,443
3,140
9,469
3,716
3,950
2,036
1,937
2,805
2,430
4,196
4,167
3,177
3,402
3,468
1,584
17,608
3,066
2,242
1,848
4,484
5,293
1,782
1,492
1,792
2,550
1,529
3,005
4,874
1,535
2,031
824
1,328
2,271
2,213
1,708
2,069
1,160
1,123
1,859
1,664
1,124
798
1,079
1,254
2,335
1,133
1,364
1,282
1,894
1,387 p
753
1,416
376 n
971
1,123
994
536
863
707
GNI per capita rank
minus HDI rank
2011
Nonincome
HDI
Value
–5
–21
4
8
–44
–2
–5
19
20
8
10
–15
–14
–3
–7
–10
20
–91
–6
4
11
–27
–36
2011
0.686
0.643
0.694
0.701
0.604
0.674
0.668
0.734
0.726
0.662
0.669
0.606
0.595
0.616
0.603
0.568
0.633
0.458
0.555
0.569
0.584
0.512
0.500
10
15
7
–7
11
–14
–38
7
–4
26
10
–12
–11
–2
–12
8
12
–10
–6
7
16
9
0
–25
1
–6
–5
–21
–10
8
–13
11
0
–6
–3
6
–2
2
0.567
0.584
0.564
0.526
0.566
0.499
0.455
0.536
0.509
0.605
0.523
0.475
0.471
0.488
0.471
0.524
0.520
0.472
0.475
0.506
0.526
0.488
0.469
0.420
0.477
0.456
0.450
0.402
0.412
0.470
0.407
0.529
0.383
0.366
0.366
0.421
0.364
0.379
STATISTICAL tables
table
1
129
Human Development Index and its components
table
1
HDI rank
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
Sierra Leone
Burkina Faso
Liberia
Chad
Mozambique
Burundi
Niger
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea, Democratic People’s Rep. of
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
Tuvalu
Human Development Index groups
Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development
Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Least developed countries
Small island developing states
World
Expected years
of schooling
(years)
Gross national
income (GNI)
per capita
(constant 2005
PPP $)
GNI per capita rank
minus HDI rank
2011a
2011a
2011
2011
47.8
55.4
56.8
49.6
50.2
50.4
54.7
48.4
2.9
1.3 r
3.9
1.5 i
1.2
2.7
1.4
3.5
7.2
6.3
11.0
7.2
9.2
10.5
4.9
8.2
737
1,141
265
1,105
898
368
641
280
0
–15
5
–12
–9
0
–4
–1
2011
0.365
0.323
0.504
0.320
0.325
0.412
0.311
0.399
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
68.8
72.0
82.2
79.9
81.8
51.2
67.2
..
9.8 i
..
..
..
..
..
..
10.8
17.5
9.3
..
2.4
10.8
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.752
..
..
..
..
..
0.889
0.741
0.630
0.456
80.0
73.1
69.7
58.7
11.3
8.5
6.3
4.2
15.9
13.6
11.2
8.3
33,352
11,579
5,276
1,585
—
—
—
—
0.918
0.769
0.658
0.478
0.641
0.671
0.751
0.731
0.548
0.463
0.439
0.640
0.682
70.5
72.4
71.3
74.4
65.9
54.4
59.1
69.6
69.8
5.9
7.2
9.7
7.8
4.6
4.5
3.7
7.3
7.4
10.2
11.7
13.4
13.6
9.8
9.2
8.3
10.8
11.3
8,554
6,466
12,004
10,119
3,435
1,966
1,327
5,200
10,082
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.643
0.709
0.785
0.767
0.569
0.467
0.467
0.675
0.683
Human
Development
Index (HDI)
Value
Life expectancy
at birth
(years)
Mean years of
schooling
(years)
2011
2011
0.336
0.331
0.329
0.328
0.322
0.316
0.295
0.286
NOTES
a. Data refer to 2011 or the most recent year available.
b. Updated by HDRO based on UNESCO (2011) data.
c. Assumes the same adult mean years of schooling as Switzerland before the most recent update.
d. Estimated using the purchasing power parity (PPP) and projected growth rate of Switzerland.
e. Calculated by the Singapore Ministry of Education.
f. Assumes the same adult mean years of schooling as Spain before the most recent update.
g. Estimated using the PPP and projected growth rate of Spain.
h. Based on cross-country regression.
i. Based on data on years of schooling of adults from household surveys from World Bank (2010).
j. Based on UNESCAP (2011) and UNDESA (2011) projected growth rates.
k. Based on unpublished estimates from the World Bank.
l. PPP estimate based on cross-country regression; projected growth rate based on ECLAC (2011) and
UNDESA (2011) projected growth rates.
m.Based on UNESCO (2011) estimates of education attainment distribution.
n. Based on PPP data from IMF (2011).
o. Based on EBRD (2011) and UNDESA (2011) projected growth rates.
p. Based on World Bank (2011b).
q. Based on OECD and others (2011) and UNDESA (2011) projected growth rates.
r. Based on data from UNICEF (2000–2010).
s. Based on ADB (2011) projected growth rate.
t. Based on UNESCWA (2011) and UNDESA (2011) projected growth rates.
u. Refers to primary and secondary education only. United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization Institute for Statistics estimate.
v. Based on ADB (2011) and UNDESA (2011) projected growth rates.
w.Based on data from ICF Macro (2011).
130
human development report 2011
Nonincome
HDI
Value
DEFINITIONS
Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic
dimensions of human development—a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living.
See Technical note 1 for details on how the HDI is calculated.
Life expectancy at birth: Number of years a newborn infant could expect to live if prevailing patterns of
age-specific mortality rates at the time of birth stay the same throughout the infant’s life.
Mean years of schooling: Average number of years of education received by people ages 25 and older,
converted from education attainment levels using official durations of each level.
Expected years of schooling: Number of years of schooling that a child of school entrance age can
expect to receive if prevailing patterns of age-specific enrolment rates persist throughout the child’s life.
Gross national income (GNI) per capita: Aggregate income of an economy generated by its production
and its ownership of factors of production, less the incomes paid for the use of factors of production
owned by the rest of the world, converted to international dollars using purchasing power parity (PPP)
rates, divided by midyear population.
GNI per capita rank minus HDI rank: Difference in rankings by GNI per capita and by the HDI. A negative
value means that the country is better ranked by GNI than by the HDI.
Nonincome HDI: Value of the HDI computed from the life expectancy and education indicators only.
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Column 1: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2011), Barro and Lee (2010b), UNESCO
Institute for Statistics (2011), World Bank (2011a), UNSD (2011) and IMF (2011).
Column 2: UNDESA (2011).
Column 3: HDRO updates of Barro and Lee (2010b) estimates based on UNESCO Institute for Statistics
data on education attainment (2011) and Barro and Lee (2010a) methodology.
Column 4: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2011).
Column 5: HDRO calculations based on data from World Bank (2011a), IMF (2011) and UNSD (2011).
Column 6: Calculated based on data in columns 1 and 5.
Column 7: Calculated based on data in columns 2, 3 and 4.
table
2
Human Development Index trends, 1980–2011
Human Development Index (HDI)
HDI rank
Value
HDI rank
Average annual
HDI growth
Changea
(%)
1980
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011
2006–2011 2010–2011 1980–2011 1990–2011 2000–2011
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1 Norway
2 Australia
3 Netherlands
4 United States
5 New Zealand
6 Canada
7 Ireland
8 Liechtenstein
9 Germany
10 Sweden
11 Switzerland
12 Japan
13 Hong Kong, China (SAR)
14 Iceland
15 Korea, Republic of
16 Denmark
17 Israel
18 Belgium
19 Austria
20 France
21 Slovenia
22 Finland
23 Spain
24 Italy
25 Luxembourg
26 Singapore
27 Czech Republic
28 United Kingdom
29 Greece
30 United Arab Emirates
31 Cyprus
32 Andorra
33 Brunei Darussalam
34 Estonia
35 Slovakia
36 Malta
37 Qatar
38 Hungary
39 Poland
40 Lithuania
41 Portugal
42 Bahrain
43 Latvia
44 Chile
45 Argentina
46 Croatia
47 Barbados
0.796
0.850
0.792
0.837
0.800
0.817
0.735
..
0.730
0.785
0.810
0.778
0.708
0.762
0.634
0.783
0.763
0.757
0.740
0.722
..
0.759
0.691
0.717
0.728
..
..
0.744
0.720
0.629
..
..
0.750
..
..
0.703
0.703
0.700
..
..
0.639
0.651
..
0.630
0.669
..
..
0.844
0.873
0.835
0.870
0.828
0.857
0.782
..
0.795
0.816
0.833
0.827
0.786
0.807
0.742
0.809
0.802
0.811
0.790
0.777
..
0.794
0.749
0.764
0.788
..
..
0.778
0.766
0.690
0.747
..
0.784
0.717
0.747
0.753
0.743
0.706
..
..
0.708
0.721
0.693
0.698
0.697
..
..
0.913
0.906
0.882
0.897
0.878
0.879
0.869
..
0.864
0.894
0.873
0.868
0.824
0.863
0.830
0.861
0.856
0.876
0.839
0.846
0.805
0.837
0.839
0.825
0.854
0.801
0.816
0.833
0.802
0.753
0.800
..
0.818
0.776
0.779
0.799
0.784
0.775
0.770
0.749
0.778
0.773
0.732
0.749
0.749
0.748
..
0.938
0.918
0.890
0.902
0.899
0.892
0.898
..
0.895
0.896
0.890
0.886
0.850
0.893
0.866
0.885
0.874
0.873
0.860
0.869
0.848
0.875
0.857
0.861
0.865
0.835
0.854
0.855
0.856
0.807
0.809
..
0.830
0.821
0.810
0.825
0.818
0.803
0.791
0.793
0.789
0.795
0.784
0.779
0.765
0.780
0.787
0.941
0.926
0.905
0.906
0.906
0.903
0.905
..
0.900
0.898
0.899
0.895
0.888
0.897
0.889
0.891
0.884
0.883
0.879
0.880
0.876
0.877
0.874
0.870
0.863
0.856
0.863
0.860
0.863
0.841
0.837
..
0.835
0.828
0.829
0.827
0.818
0.811
0.807
0.802
0.805
0.805
0.798
0.798
0.788
0.793
0.790
0.941
0.927
0.909
0.908
0.908
0.907
0.907
0.904
0.903
0.901
0.901
0.899
0.894
0.896
0.894
0.893
0.886
0.885
0.883
0.883
0.882
0.880
0.876
0.873
0.865
0.864
0.863
0.862
0.862
0.845
0.839
0.838
0.837
0.832
0.832
0.830
0.825
0.814
0.811
0.805
0.808
0.805
0.802
0.802
0.794
0.794
0.791
0.943
0.929
0.910
0.910
0.908
0.908
0.908
0.905
0.905
0.904
0.903
0.901
0.898
0.898
0.897
0.895
0.888
0.886
0.885
0.884
0.884
0.882
0.878
0.874
0.867
0.866
0.865
0.863
0.861
0.846
0.840
0.838
0.838
0.835
0.834
0.832
0.831
0.816
0.813
0.810
0.809
0.806
0.805
0.805
0.797
0.796
0.793
0
0
5
–1
0
3
–3
..
–2
–2
1
1
14
–3
3
–2
–1
–1
1
–1
4
–7
0
–3
–3
3
–1
0
–5
3
5
..
–2
–2
0
–3
–1
0
2
0
2
–3
–1
3
3
0
–2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
–1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
–1
0
0
0
1
–1
0
0.55
0.29
0.45
0.27
0.41
0.34
0.68
..
0.69
0.45
0.35
0.47
0.77
0.53
1.13
0.43
0.49
0.51
0.58
0.66
..
0.49
0.77
0.64
0.56
..
..
0.48
0.58
0.96
..
..
0.36
..
..
0.54
0.54
0.50
..
..
0.76
0.69
..
0.79
0.57
..
..
0.53
0.30
0.41
0.21
0.44
0.28
0.71
..
0.62
0.49
0.38
0.41
0.64
0.51
0.91
0.48
0.49
0.42
0.55
0.62
..
0.51
0.76
0.64
0.45
..
..
0.50
0.56
0.97
0.56
..
0.32
0.73
0.53
0.48
0.54
0.70
..
..
0.64
0.54
0.72
0.68
0.64
..
..
0.29
0.23
0.29
0.13
0.31
0.30
0.40
..
0.43
0.09
0.30
0.33
0.78
0.36
0.72
0.35
0.34
0.10
0.48
0.40
0.85
0.48
0.42
0.52
0.13
0.71
0.53
0.33
0.64
1.06
0.44
..
0.22
0.66
0.62
0.37
0.53
0.48
0.50
0.70
0.35
0.38
0.87
0.65
0.57
0.57
..
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
48 Uruguay
49 Palau
50 Romania
51 Cuba
52 Seychelles
53 Bahamas
54 Montenegro
55 Bulgaria
56 Saudi Arabia
57 Mexico
0.658
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.651
0.593
0.686
..
0.700
0.677
..
..
..
0.698
0.693
0.649
0.736
0.774
0.704
0.681
0.764
0.752
..
0.715
0.726
0.718
0.748
0.788
0.748
0.725
0.766
0.766
0.757
0.749
0.746
0.741
0.773
0.777
0.778
0.770
0.767
0.769
0.768
0.766
0.763
0.762
0.780
0.779
0.779
0.773
0.771
0.770
0.769
0.768
0.767
0.767
0.783
0.782
0.781
0.776
0.773
0.771
0.771
0.771
0.770
0.770
5
–5
2
10
–3
–3
–3
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
0
0.56
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.55
0.85
0.63
..
0.52
0.65
..
..
..
0.48
0.50
0.82
0.56
0.09
0.95
1.19
0.11
0.23
..
0.68
0.55
0.64
STATISTICAL tables
131
Human Development Index trends, 1980–2011
Human Development Index (HDI)
HDI rank
table
2
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
Panama
Serbia
Antigua and Barbuda
Malaysia
Trinidad and Tobago
Kuwait
Libya
Belarus
Russian Federation
Grenada
Kazakhstan
Costa Rica
Albania
Lebanon
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Georgia
Ukraine
Mauritius
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Jamaica
Peru
Dominica
Saint Lucia
Ecuador
Brazil
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Armenia
Colombia
Iran, Islamic Republic of
Oman
Tonga
Azerbaijan
Turkey
Belize
Tunisia
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
95 Jordan
96 Algeria
97 Sri Lanka
98 Dominican Republic
99 Samoa
100 Fiji
101 China
102 Turkmenistan
103 Thailand
104 Suriname
105 El Salvador
106 Gabon
107 Paraguay
108 Bolivia, Plurinational State of
109 Maldives
110 Mongolia
111 Moldova, Republic of
112 Philippines
113 Egypt
114 Occupied Palestinian Territory
115 Uzbekistan
116 Micronesia, Federated States of
117 Guyana
118 Botswana
119 Syrian Arab Republic
120 Namibia
132
human development report 2011
Value
HDI rank
Average annual
HDI growth
Changea
(%)
1980
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011
2006–2011 2010–2011 1980–2011 1990–2011 2000–2011
0.628
..
..
0.559
0.673
0.688
..
..
..
..
..
0.614
..
..
..
0.623
..
..
..
0.546
..
0.607
0.574
..
..
0.591
0.549
..
..
0.550
0.437
..
..
..
0.463
0.619
0.450
0.660
..
..
0.631
0.676
0.712
..
..
..
..
..
0.656
0.656
..
..
0.629
..
..
0.707
0.618
..
0.637
0.612
..
..
0.636
0.600
..
..
0.594
0.534
..
0.649
..
0.558
0.651
0.542
0.718
0.719
..
0.705
0.701
0.754
..
..
0.691
..
0.657
0.703
0.691
..
..
0.656
..
..
0.669
0.672
..
0.680
0.674
0.699
..
0.668
0.665
..
0.643
0.652
0.636
..
0.681
..
0.634
0.668
0.630
0.740
0.744
..
0.738
0.728
0.752
0.741
0.723
0.725
..
0.714
0.723
0.721
0.711
..
0.692
0.717
0.707
0.712
0.703
0.704
0.702
0.691
0.709
..
0.695
0.692
..
0.689
0.675
0.671
0.694
0.696
..
0.671
0.689
0.667
0.760
0.761
..
0.752
0.755
0.757
0.763
0.746
0.747
..
0.733
0.738
0.734
0.733
..
0.732
0.730
0.724
0.720
0.722
0.725
0.724
0.714
0.722
..
0.716
0.708
..
0.712
0.702
0.703
0.703
0.701
..
0.690
0.696
0.692
0.765
0.764
0.763
0.758
0.758
0.758
0.770
0.751
0.751
0.746
0.740
0.742
0.737
0.737
0.735
0.734
0.731
0.729
0.725
0.726
0.726
0.726
0.721
0.723
0.720
0.718
0.715
0.715
0.714
0.707
0.707
0.704
0.703
0.699
0.696
0.698
0.698
0.768
0.766
0.764
0.761
0.760
0.760
0.760
0.756
0.755
0.748
0.745
0.744
0.739
0.739
0.735
0.735
0.733
0.733
0.729
0.728
0.728
0.727
0.725
0.724
0.723
0.720
0.718
0.717
0.716
0.710
0.707
0.705
0.704
0.700
0.699
0.699
0.698
2
–2
..
2
2
–8
–5
1
–1
..
2
–1
–1
3
..
7
–2
1
–3
1
1
–2
4
–7
..
0
3
..
–3
4
2
–2
–5
..
2
–3
3
1
1
1
3
1
–1
–10
0
0
0
1
–1
1
–1
0
0
0
0
3
0
–2
–1
1
–1
0
0
1
–1
0
1
–1
0
0
0
3
–1
–1
0.65
..
..
1.00
0.40
0.32
..
..
..
..
..
0.62
..
..
..
0.54
..
..
..
0.93
..
0.59
0.75
..
..
0.64
0.87
..
..
0.83
1.57
..
..
..
1.34
0.39
1.43
0.73
..
..
0.90
0.56
0.31
..
..
..
..
..
0.60
0.57
..
..
0.74
..
..
0.15
0.78
..
0.64
0.81
..
..
0.59
0.86
..
..
0.85
1.35
..
0.39
..
1.08
0.34
1.21
0.62
0.58
..
0.69
0.74
0.07
..
..
0.81
..
1.15
0.51
0.61
..
..
1.04
..
..
0.78
0.73
..
0.62
0.67
0.33
..
0.69
0.69
..
0.99
0.77
0.97
..
0.30
..
0.90
0.42
0.94
0.541
0.454
0.539
0.532
..
0.566
0.404
..
0.486
..
0.466
0.522
0.544
0.507
..
..
..
0.550
0.406
..
..
..
0.501
0.446
0.497
..
0.591
0.551
0.583
0.577
..
0.624
0.490
..
0.566
..
0.524
0.605
0.572
0.560
..
0.540
..
0.571
0.497
..
..
..
0.489
0.594
0.548
0.564
0.646
0.624
0.633
0.640
0.657
0.668
0.588
..
0.626
..
0.619
0.621
0.612
0.612
0.576
0.555
0.586
0.602
0.585
..
..
..
0.579
0.585
0.583
0.577
0.673
0.667
0.662
0.658
0.676
0.678
0.633
0.654
0.656
0.659
0.652
0.648
0.635
0.649
0.619
0.611
0.631
0.622
0.611
..
0.611
0.633
0.606
0.601
0.621
0.593
0.694
0.691
0.680
0.680
0.685
0.685
0.674
0.677
0.673
0.674
0.669
0.664
0.651
0.656
0.650
0.642
0.638
0.636
0.638
..
0.631
0.635
0.624
0.626
0.630
0.617
0.697
0.696
0.686
0.686
0.686
0.687
0.682
0.681
0.680
0.677
0.672
0.670
0.662
0.660
0.658
0.647
0.644
0.641
0.644
0.640
0.636
0.635
0.629
0.631
0.631
0.622
0.698
0.698
0.691
0.689
0.688
0.688
0.687
0.686
0.682
0.680
0.674
0.674
0.665
0.663
0.661
0.653
0.649
0.644
0.644
0.641
0.641
0.636
0.633
0.633
0.632
0.625
1
2
2
2
–6
–5
6
1
–1
–3
–1
0
1
–3
2
4
–2
1
2
..
2
–5
1
1
–6
2
–1
0
1
2
0
–3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
–1
0
0
0
2
–1
–1
1
0.83
1.40
0.80
0.83
..
0.63
1.73
..
1.10
..
1.20
0.83
0.65
0.87
..
..
..
0.51
1.50
..
..
..
0.76
1.14
0.78
..
0.80
1.13
0.81
0.84
..
0.47
1.62
..
0.89
..
1.21
0.52
0.71
0.81
..
0.91
..
0.58
1.24
..
..
..
1.23
0.30
0.68
0.49
0.70
1.03
0.80
0.67
0.43
0.27
1.43
..
0.78
..
0.79
0.75
0.76
0.73
1.27
1.49
0.92
0.62
0.88
..
..
..
0.81
0.71
0.73
0.72
Human Development Index trends, 1980–2011
Human Development Index (HDI)
HDI rank
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
Honduras
Kiribati
South Africa
Indonesia
Vanuatu
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Viet Nam
Nicaragua
Morocco
Guatemala
Iraq
Cape Verde
India
Ghana
Equatorial Guinea
Congo
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Cambodia
Swaziland
Bhutan
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
142 Solomon Islands
143 Kenya
144 São Tomé and Príncipe
145 Pakistan
146 Bangladesh
147 Timor-Leste
148 Angola
149 Myanmar
150 Cameroon
151 Madagascar
152 Tanzania, United Republic of
153 Papua New Guinea
154 Yemen
155 Senegal
156 Nigeria
157 Nepal
158 Haiti
159 Mauritania
160 Lesotho
161 Uganda
162 Togo
163 Comoros
164 Zambia
165 Djibouti
166 Rwanda
167 Benin
168 Gambia
169 Sudan
170 Côte d'Ivoire
171 Malawi
172 Afghanistan
173 Zimbabwe
174 Ethiopia
175 Mali
176 Guinea-Bissau
177 Eritrea
178 Guinea
179 Central African Republic
180 Sierra Leone
181 Burkina Faso
182 Liberia
183 Chad
Value
HDI rank
Average annual
HDI growth
Changea
(%)
1980
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011
2006–2011 2010–2011 1980–2011 1990–2011 2000–2011
0.451
..
0.564
0.423
..
..
..
..
0.457
0.364
0.428
..
..
0.344
0.385
..
0.465
..
..
..
..
0.513
..
0.615
0.481
..
..
..
0.435
0.473
0.435
0.462
..
..
0.410
0.418
..
0.502
0.376
..
0.526
..
0.569
..
0.616
0.543
..
0.577
0.527
0.528
0.533
0.507
0.525
..
0.523
0.461
0.451
0.488
0.478
0.448
0.438
0.492
..
0.597
..
0.599
0.572
..
0.595
0.575
0.561
0.566
0.552
0.550
0.552
0.543
0.504
0.484
0.516
0.506
0.484
0.491
0.493
..
0.619
..
0.610
0.607
..
0.611
0.600
0.584
0.582
0.575
0.569
0.565
0.564
0.535
0.527
0.534
0.523
0.514
0.513
0.515
..
0.623
0.621
0.615
0.613
0.615
0.611
0.604
0.590
0.587
0.579
0.573
0.567
0.566
0.542
0.533
0.534
0.528
0.520
0.518
0.520
0.518
0.625
0.624
0.619
0.617
0.617
0.615
0.607
0.593
0.589
0.582
0.574
0.573
0.568
0.547
0.541
0.537
0.533
0.524
0.523
0.522
0.522
–1
..
–1
2
..
–1
–1
1
–1
0
2
–1
–1
1
5
–2
0
3
–1
–1
..
–1
0
1
1
–2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
–1
0
1
2
–2
–1
1.06
..
0.30
1.23
..
..
..
..
0.83
1.52
0.95
..
..
1.51
1.10
..
0.44
..
..
..
..
0.94
..
0.03
1.19
..
..
..
1.50
1.05
1.39
1.04
..
..
1.38
1.23
..
0.28
1.59
..
–0.03
..
0.86
..
0.05
1.17
..
0.59
1.30
1.06
0.92
1.26
0.81
..
0.75
1.56
1.66
0.88
0.99
1.44
1.62
0.54
..
..
0.420
..
0.359
0.303
..
..
0.279
0.370
..
..
0.313
..
0.317
..
0.242
0.332
0.332
0.418
..
0.347
..
0.401
..
0.275
0.252
0.272
0.264
0.347
0.270
0.198
0.366
..
0.174
..
..
..
0.283
0.248
..
0.335
..
..
0.456
..
0.399
0.352
..
..
0.298
0.427
..
0.352
0.368
..
0.365
..
0.340
0.397
0.353
0.470
0.299
0.368
..
0.394
..
0.232
0.316
0.317
0.298
0.361
0.291
0.246
0.425
..
0.204
..
..
..
0.310
0.241
..
..
..
0.479
0.443
..
0.436
0.422
0.404
0.384
0.380
0.427
0.427
0.364
0.423
0.374
0.399
..
0.398
0.421
0.410
0.427
0.372
0.408
..
0.371
..
0.313
0.378
0.360
0.357
0.374
0.343
0.230
0.372
0.274
0.275
..
..
..
0.306
0.252
..
0.306
0.286
0.502
0.467
0.483
0.480
0.462
0.448
0.445
0.436
0.449
0.465
0.420
0.435
0.422
0.432
0.429
0.424
0.429
0.432
0.417
0.401
0.419
0.428
0.394
0.402
0.376
0.409
0.384
0.383
0.383
0.351
0.340
0.347
0.313
0.319
0.340
..
0.326
0.311
0.306
0.302
0.300
0.312
0.504
0.499
0.503
0.499
0.491
0.487
0.481
0.474
0.475
0.483
0.454
0.457
0.452
0.453
0.449
0.449
0.449
0.447
0.440
0.438
0.429
0.430
0.419
0.425
0.419
0.422
0.413
0.403
0.397
0.387
0.387
0.349
0.353
0.352
0.348
..
0.341
0.334
0.329
0.326
0.320
0.323
0.507
0.505
0.506
0.503
0.496
0.491
0.482
0.479
0.479
0.481
0.461
0.462
0.460
0.457
0.454
0.455
0.449
0.451
0.446
0.442
0.433
0.431
0.425
0.427
0.425
0.425
0.418
0.406
0.401
0.395
0.394
0.364
0.358
0.356
0.351
0.345
0.342
0.339
0.334
0.329
0.325
0.326
0.510
0.509
0.509
0.504
0.500
0.495
0.486
0.483
0.482
0.480
0.466
0.466
0.462
0.459
0.459
0.458
0.454
0.453
0.450
0.446
0.435
0.433
0.430
0.430
0.429
0.427
0.420
0.408
0.400
0.400
0.398
0.376
0.363
0.359
0.353
0.349
0.344
0.343
0.336
0.331
0.329
0.328
–5
2
–1
–1
1
1
1
2
0
–5
7
1
4
–2
–4
0
–2
–4
1
3
0
–3
2
0
2
–4
–1
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
–2
..
–2
0
0
1
1
–2
0
1
–1
0
0
0
0
1
1
–2
1
–1
0
0
1
–1
1
–1
0
0
0
0
1
–1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
–1
..
0.62
..
1.10
1.63
..
..
1.78
0.85
..
..
1.29
..
1.20
..
2.08
1.02
1.01
0.24
..
0.73
..
0.23
..
1.44
1.71
1.41
1.41
0.45
1.27
2.28
0.09
..
2.37
..
..
..
0.62
0.99
..
–0.06
..
..
0.52
..
1.12
1.69
..
..
2.32
0.58
..
1.35
1.12
..
1.10
..
1.43
0.64
1.20
–0.22
1.93
0.80
..
0.42
..
2.97
1.44
1.35
1.52
0.50
1.52
2.32
–0.58
..
2.74
..
..
..
0.48
1.61
..
..
..
0.58
1.27
..
1.33
1.55
1.86
2.18
2.21
1.11
1.07
2.27
0.87
1.93
1.28
..
1.30
0.68
0.92
0.47
1.65
0.58
..
1.37
..
2.92
1.10
1.41
1.23
0.61
1.41
5.10
0.11
2.57
2.47
..
..
..
1.05
2.65
..
0.64
1.26
STATISTICAL tables
table
2
133
Human Development Index trends, 1980–2011
Human Development Index (HDI)
HDI rank
table
2
184
185
186
187
Mozambique
Burundi
Niger
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Human Development Index groups
Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development
Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Least developed countries
Small island developing states
World
Value
Changea
(%)
1990
2000
2005
2009
2010
2011
..
0.200
0.177
0.282
0.200
0.250
0.193
0.289
0.245
0.245
0.229
0.224
0.285
0.267
0.265
0.260
0.312
0.308
0.285
0.277
0.317
0.313
0.293
0.282
0.322
0.316
0.295
0.286
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
..
1.49
1.67
0.05
2.28
1.12
2.05
–0.04
2.49
2.33
2.33
2.25
0.766
0.614 b
0.420 b
0.316
0.810
0.648 b
0.480
0.347
0.858
0.687
0.548
0.383
0.876
0.716
0.587
0.422
0.885
0.734
0.618
0.448
0.888
0.739
0.625
0.453
0.889
0.741
0.630
0.456
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.48
0.61
1.31
1.19
0.44
0.64
1.30
1.31
0.33
0.70
1.28
1.59
0.444
0.428 b
0.644 b
0.582
0.356
0.365
0.288 b
0.529 b
0.558 b
0.516
0.498 b
0.680 b
0.624
0.418
0.383
0.320 b
0.565 b
0.594
0.578
0.581
0.695
0.680
0.468
0.401
0.363
0.596 b
0.634
0.609
0.622
0.728
0.703
0.510
0.431
0.401
0.616
0.660
0.634
0.658
0.744
0.722
0.538
0.456
0.431
0.635
0.676
0.639
0.666
0.748
0.728
0.545
0.460
0.435
0.638
0.679
0.641
0.671
0.751
0.731
0.548
0.463
0.439
0.640
0.682
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
1.19
1.46
0.50
0.73
1.40
0.77
1.37
0.62
0.65
1.04
1.43
0.47
0.76
1.31
0.90
1.51
0.59
0.66
0.94
1.31
0.71
0.66
1.45
1.31
1.73
0.65
0.66
DEFINITION
Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic
dimensions of human development—a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living.
See Technical note 1 for details on how the HDI is calculated.
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Columns 1–7: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2011), Barro and Lee (2010b), UNESCO
Institute for Statistics (2011), World Bank (2011a), UNSD (2011) and IMF (2011).
Columns 8–12: Calculated based on Human Development Index values in the relevant year.
human development report 2011
Average annual
HDI growth
1980
NOTES
a. A positive value indicates improvement in rank.
b. Based on less than half the countries in the group or region.
134
HDI rank
2006–2011 2010–2011 1980–2011 1990–2011 2000–2011
table
3
Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
Human
Development
Index (HDI)
Value
2011
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1 Norway
2 Australia
3 Netherlands
4 United States
5 New Zealand
6 Canada
7 Ireland
8 Liechtenstein
9 Germany
10 Sweden
11 Switzerland
12 Japan
13 Hong Kong, China (SAR)
14 Iceland
15 Korea, Republic of
16 Denmark
17 Israel
18 Belgium
19 Austria
20 France
21 Slovenia
22 Finland
23 Spain
24 Italy
25 Luxembourg
26 Singapore
27 Czech Republic
28 United Kingdom
29 Greece
30 United Arab Emirates
31 Cyprus
32 Andorra
33 Brunei Darussalam
34 Estonia
35 Slovakia
36 Malta
37 Qatar
38 Hungary
39 Poland
40 Lithuania
41 Portugal
42 Bahrain
43 Latvia
44 Chile
45 Argentina
46 Croatia
47 Barbados
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
48 Uruguay
49 Palau
50 Romania
51 Cuba
52 Seychelles
53 Bahamas
54 Montenegro
55 Bulgaria
56 Saudi Arabia
57 Mexico
HDI rank
Inequality-adjusted HDI
Value
Overall
loss (%)
Change
in ranka
2011
2011
2011
0.943
0.929
0.910
0.910
0.908
0.908
0.908
0.905
0.905
0.904
0.903
0.901
0.898
0.898
0.897
0.895
0.888
0.886
0.885
0.884
0.884
0.882
0.878
0.874
0.867
0.866
0.865
0.863
0.861
0.846
0.840
0.838
0.838
0.835
0.834
0.832
0.831
0.816
0.813
0.810
0.809
0.806
0.805
0.805
0.797
0.796
0.793
0.890
0.856
0.846
0.771
..
0.829
0.843
..
0.842
0.851
0.840
..
..
0.845
0.749
0.842
0.779
0.819
0.820
0.804
0.837
0.833
0.799
0.779
0.799
..
0.821
0.791
0.756
..
0.755
..
..
0.769
0.787
..
..
0.759
0.734
0.730
0.726
..
0.717
0.652
0.641
0.675
..
5.6
7.9
7.0
15.3
..
8.7
7.2
..
6.9
5.9
7.0
..
..
5.9
16.5
6.0
12.3
7.6
7.4
9.1
5.3
5.6
8.9
10.9
7.8
..
5.0
8.4
12.2
..
10.1
..
..
7.9
5.7
..
..
7.0
9.7
9.8
10.2
..
10.9
19.0
19.5
15.1
..
0.783
0.782
0.781
0.776
0.773
0.771
0.771
0.771
0.770
0.770
0.654
..
0.683
..
..
0.658
0.718
0.683
..
0.589
16.4
..
12.6
..
..
14.7
6.9
11.4
..
23.5
Inequality-adjusted
life expectancy
index
Inequality-adjusted
education index
Inequality-adjusted
income index
Quintile
income
ratio
Income
Gini
coefficient
Value
Loss (%)
Value
Loss (%)
Value
Loss (%)
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
0
0
–1
–19
..
–7
0
..
0
5
0
..
..
5
–17
4
–8
–1
1
0
7
7
2
–2
3
..
9
4
–2
..
–2
..
..
2
7
..
..
3
0
0
0
..
–1
–11
–13
–3
..
0.928
0.931
0.917
0.863
0.907
0.914
0.915
..
0.915
0.937
0.943
0.965
0.961
0.945
0.916
0.887
0.934
0.905
0.920
0.930
0.898
0.909
0.929
0.938
0.913
0.936
0.874
0.903
0.900
0.836
0.901
..
0.862
0.813
0.825
0.892
0.854
0.809
0.834
0.765
0.893
0.815
0.782
0.871
0.796
0.844
0.814
3.7
4.7
4.3
6.6
5.2
5.0
4.3
..
4.0
3.3
4.1
3.5
2.9
3.0
4.3
4.4
3.9
4.4
4.2
4.2
4.1
3.9
4.1
3.9
3.5
2.9
3.9
4.8
4.8
6.3
4.1
..
5.8
6.0
5.7
5.1
7.2
5.7
5.8
7.2
4.9
6.2
7.1
6.6
9.7
5.5
9.2
0.964
0.964
0.895
0.905
..
0.897
0.933
..
0.911
0.869
0.854
..
..
0.888
0.696
0.895
0.835
0.825
0.838
0.791
0.904
0.858
0.826
0.758
0.724
..
0.912
0.797
0.738
..
0.678
..
..
0.891
0.861
..
..
0.831
0.768
0.847
0.697
..
0.840
0.688
0.708
0.697
..
2.2
1.7
3.9
3.7
..
3.2
3.2
..
1.8
3.9
2.0
..
..
2.6
25.5
3.1
7.9
6.5
2.4
9.1
3.1
2.1
5.5
11.4
6.2
..
1.3
2.2
14.3
..
15.0
..
..
2.7
1.6
..
..
4.0
6.6
4.1
5.6
..
3.8
13.7
12.1
10.4
..
0.789
0.698
0.739
0.587
..
0.696
0.701
..
0.717
0.756
0.735
..
..
0.718
0.659
0.751
0.607
0.735
0.715
0.705
0.723
0.740
0.666
0.665
0.771
..
0.695
0.688
0.649
..
0.704
..
..
0.627
0.686
..
..
0.650
0.619
0.601
0.616
..
0.561
0.462
0.468
0.523
..
10.6
16.6
12.5
32.4
..
17.1
13.8
..
14.5
10.3
14.3
..
..
11.8
18.4
10.2
23.7
11.7
15.1
13.9
8.5
10.6
16.7
16.8
13.5
..
9.6
17.3
17.1
..
10.9
..
..
14.5
9.6
..
..
11.2
16.3
17.5
19.3
..
21.0
34.1
34.4
27.8
..
3.9
7.0
5.1
8.5
6.8
5.5
5.7
..
4.3
4.0
5.4
3.4
9.6
..
4.7
4.3
7.9
4.9
4.4
5.6
4.8
3.8
6.0
6.5
..
9.8
3.5
7.2
6.2
..
..
..
..
6.3
4.0
..
13.3
4.8
5.6
6.7
7.9
..
6.3
3.6
12.3
5.2
..
25.8
..
..
40.8
..
32.6
34.3
..
28.3
25.0
33.7
..
43.4
..
..
..
39.2
33.0
29.1
..
31.2
26.9
34.7
36.0
..
..
..
..
34.3
..
..
..
..
36.0
..
..
41.1
31.2
34.2
37.6
..
..
35.7
52.1
45.8
33.7
..
–7
..
1
..
..
–3
7
3
..
–15
0.815
..
0.770
0.883
..
0.782
0.803
0.776
0.753
0.801
9.3
..
9.6
5.4
..
10.9
6.8
7.8
11.5
10.9
0.681
..
0.789
..
..
0.618
0.782
0.754
..
0.567
10.8
..
5.0
..
..
7.9
2.5
5.9
..
21.9
0.505
..
0.524
..
..
0.588
0.589
0.543
..
0.451
27.8
..
22.2
..
..
24.5
11.3
19.9
..
35.6
8.7
..
4.9
..
2.7
..
4.6
10.2
..
14.4
42.4
..
31.2
..
19.0
..
30.0
45.3
..
51.7
2000–2011b 2000–2011b
STATISTICAL tables
135
Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
HDI rank
table
3
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
Human
Development
Index (HDI)
Value
Panama
Serbia
Antigua and Barbuda
Malaysia
Trinidad and Tobago
Kuwait
Libya
Belarus
Russian Federation
Grenada
Kazakhstan
Costa Rica
Albania
Lebanon
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Georgia
Ukraine
Mauritius
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Jamaica
Peru
Dominica
Saint Lucia
Ecuador
Brazil
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Armenia
Colombia
Iran, Islamic Republic of
Oman
Tonga
Azerbaijan
Turkey
Belize
Tunisia
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
95 Jordan
96 Algeria
97 Sri Lanka
98 Dominican Republic
99 Samoa
100 Fiji
101 China
102 Turkmenistan
103 Thailand
104 Suriname
105 El Salvador
106 Gabon
107 Paraguay
108 Bolivia, Plurinational State of
109 Maldives
110 Mongolia
111 Moldova, Republic of
112 Philippines
113 Egypt
114 Occupied Palestinian Territory
115 Uzbekistan
116 Micronesia, Federated States of
117 Guyana
118 Botswana
136
human development report 2011
Inequality-adjusted HDI
Value
Overall
loss (%)
Change
in ranka
2011
2011
2011
2011
0.768
0.766
0.764
0.761
0.760
0.760
0.760
0.756
0.755
0.748
0.745
0.744
0.739
0.739
0.735
0.735
0.733
0.733
0.729
0.728
0.728
0.727
0.725
0.724
0.723
0.720
0.718
0.717
0.716
0.710
0.707
0.705
0.704
0.700
0.699
0.699
0.698
0.579
0.694
..
..
0.644
..
..
0.693
0.670
..
0.656
0.591
0.637
0.570
..
0.540
0.649
0.630
0.662
0.631
0.609
0.610
0.557
..
..
0.535
0.519
..
0.639
0.479
..
..
..
0.620
0.542
..
0.523
24.6
9.5
..
..
15.3
..
..
8.3
11.3
..
11.9
20.5
13.9
22.8
..
26.6
11.6
14.1
9.2
13.3
16.4
16.2
23.2
..
..
25.8
27.7
..
10.8
32.5
..
..
..
11.4
22.5
..
25.2
0.698
0.698
0.691
0.689
0.688
0.688
0.687
0.686
0.682
0.680
0.674
0.674
0.665
0.663
0.661
0.653
0.649
0.644
0.644
0.641
0.641
0.636
0.633
0.633
0.565
..
0.579
0.510
..
..
0.534
..
0.537
0.518
0.495
0.543
0.505
0.437
0.495
0.563
0.569
0.516
0.489
..
0.544
0.390
0.492
..
19.0
..
16.2
25.9
..
..
22.3
..
21.3
23.8
26.6
19.5
24.0
34.1
25.2
13.8
12.2
19.9
24.1
..
15.1
38.6
22.3
..
Inequality-adjusted
life expectancy
index
Inequality-adjusted
education index
Inequality-adjusted
income index
Quintile
income
ratio
Income
Gini
coefficient
Value
Loss (%)
Value
Loss (%)
Value
Loss (%)
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
–15
9
..
..
–2
..
..
10
7
..
5
–7
0
–9
..
–16
7
2
14
5
2
4
–5
..
..
–10
–13
..
13
–24
..
..
..
11
–2
..
–7
0.776
0.788
..
0.798
0.659
0.803
0.781
0.736
0.687
0.798
0.621
0.863
0.797
0.718
..
0.753
0.794
0.720
0.684
0.760
0.784
0.710
0.726
..
0.773
0.753
0.723
0.710
0.728
0.731
0.701
0.776
0.712
0.636
0.742
0.776
0.751
12.4
8.3
..
6.7
16.6
6.7
9.7
7.4
10.8
9.6
16.2
7.8
11.2
13.5
..
12.2
9.6
15.1
10.5
9.8
9.4
15.3
14.8
..
10.4
14.1
14.4
14.0
14.9
13.7
16.1
7.2
13.8
20.6
12.8
12.2
12.6
0.611
0.712
..
..
0.665
..
..
0.735
0.696
..
0.790
0.543
0.635
0.528
..
0.567
0.685
0.812
0.806
0.570
0.574
0.704
0.535
..
..
0.535
0.492
..
0.710
0.515
..
..
..
0.615
0.423
..
0.396
17.8
9.9
..
..
6.6
..
..
5.4
11.2
..
5.3
17.7
11.9
24.1
..
18.1
5.2
3.3
6.1
13.5
17.5
8.3
24.0
..
..
22.1
25.7
..
6.5
22.8
..
..
..
8.3
27.4
..
38.7
0.410
0.595
..
..
0.610
..
..
0.617
0.628
..
0.576
0.442
0.510
0.489
..
0.368
0.502
0.428
0.526
0.581
0.502
0.454
0.444
..
..
0.379
0.392
..
0.504
0.292
..
..
..
0.610
0.506
..
0.480
40.5
10.3
..
0.0
21.9
..
..
12.1
11.9
..
13.8
33.7
18.3
30.0
..
44.9
19.3
22.7
10.9
16.6
21.8
24.1
30.0
..
..
38.8
40.7
..
10.8
53.9
..
..
..
4.5
26.5
..
21.8
15.8
4.1
..
11.4
8.3
..
..
4.0
8.2
..
4.6
13.2
5.3
..
..
10.0
6.4
8.9
3.9
..
9.3
9.8
13.5
..
..
12.8
17.6
..
4.5
24.8
7.0
..
..
5.3
8.0
17.2
8.0
52.3
28.2
..
46.2
..
..
..
27.2
42.3
..
30.9
50.3
34.5
..
..
43.5
36.2
41.3
27.5
..
44.2
45.5
48.0
..
42.6
49.0
53.9
..
30.9
58.5
38.3
..
..
33.7
39.7
..
40.8
5
..
9
–9
..
..
–1
..
2
–3
–11
8
–4
–12
–6
15
18
4
–5
..
17
–12
–1
..
0.732
0.716
0.785
0.707
0.717
0.676
0.730
0.520
0.768
0.678
0.698
0.486
0.680
0.550
0.832
0.622
0.691
0.652
0.723
0.725
0.577
0.624
0.616
0.396
13.1
14.5
9.4
16.0
13.4
13.0
13.5
26.7
10.1
15.0
15.2
27.8
17.8
25.1
7.3
18.8
11.2
15.2
13.9
13.1
24.3
19.2
21.7
24.3
0.551
..
0.558
0.451
..
..
0.478
..
0.490
0.508
0.431
0.612
0.515
0.542
0.334
0.680
0.673
0.592
0.331
..
0.701
0.534
0.574
..
22.4
..
17.9
26.8
..
..
23.2
..
18.0
20.1
32.4
7.3
19.8
27.6
41.2
5.8
6.1
13.5
40.9
..
1.4
22.4
11.7
..
0.449
..
0.442
0.417
..
..
0.436
..
0.411
0.403
0.403
0.536
0.368
0.280
0.436
0.422
0.397
0.356
0.487
..
0.399
0.179
0.337
..
21.1
..
20.8
33.8
..
..
29.5
..
34.0
34.9
31.1
22.1
33.4
47.2
23.2
16.4
18.9
30.0
14.2
..
17.9
63.1
32.1
..
6.3
6.1
6.9
12.2
..
..
8.4
7.9
15.0
..
12.1
7.9
14.9
21.8
6.8
6.2
6.7
9.0
4.6
..
6.2
..
..
21.0
37.7
..
40.3
48.4
..
..
41.5
..
53.6
52.8
46.9
41.5
52.0
57.3
37.4
36.5
38.0
44.0
32.1
..
36.7
..
43.2
..
2000–2011b 2000–2011b
Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
HDI rank
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
Syrian Arab Republic
Namibia
Honduras
Kiribati
South Africa
Indonesia
Vanuatu
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Viet Nam
Nicaragua
Morocco
Guatemala
Iraq
Cape Verde
India
Ghana
Equatorial Guinea
Congo
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Cambodia
Swaziland
Bhutan
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
142 Solomon Islands
143 Kenya
144 São Tomé and Príncipe
145 Pakistan
146 Bangladesh
147 Timor-Leste
148 Angola
149 Myanmar
150 Cameroon
151 Madagascar
152 Tanzania, United Republic of
153 Papua New Guinea
154 Yemen
155 Senegal
156 Nigeria
157 Nepal
158 Haiti
159 Mauritania
160 Lesotho
161 Uganda
162 Togo
163 Comoros
164 Zambia
165 Djibouti
166 Rwanda
167 Benin
168 Gambia
169 Sudan
170 Côte d'Ivoire
171 Malawi
172 Afghanistan
173 Zimbabwe
174 Ethiopia
175 Mali
176 Guinea-Bissau
177 Eritrea
178 Guinea
179 Central African Republic
Human
Development
Index (HDI)
Value
Inequality-adjusted HDI
Value
Overall
loss (%)
Change
in ranka
2011
2011
2011
2011
0.632
0.625
0.625
0.624
0.619
0.617
0.617
0.615
0.607
0.593
0.589
0.582
0.574
0.573
0.568
0.547
0.541
0.537
0.533
0.524
0.523
0.522
0.522
0.503
0.353
0.427
..
..
0.504
..
0.526
0.500
0.510
0.427
0.409
0.393
..
..
0.392
0.367
..
0.367
0.405
0.380
0.338
..
20.4
43.5
31.7
..
..
18.3
..
14.4
17.6
14.0
27.5
29.7
31.6
..
..
28.3
32.2
..
31.1
22.8
27.2
35.4
..
0.510
0.509
0.509
0.504
0.500
0.495
0.486
0.483
0.482
0.480
0.466
0.466
0.462
0.459
0.459
0.458
0.454
0.453
0.450
0.446
0.435
0.433
0.430
0.430
0.429
0.427
0.420
0.408
0.400
0.400
0.398
0.376
0.363
0.359
0.353
0.349
0.344
0.343
..
0.338
0.348
0.346
0.363
0.332
..
..
0.321
0.332
0.332
..
0.312
0.304
0.278
0.301
0.271
0.298
0.288
0.296
0.289
..
0.303
0.275
0.276
0.274
..
..
0.246
0.272
..
0.268
0.247
..
0.207
..
0.211
0.204
..
33.6
31.5
31.4
27.4
32.9
..
..
33.4
30.7
28.8
..
32.3
33.8
39.3
34.3
40.2
34.2
35.9
33.6
33.5
..
29.5
35.9
35.7
35.8
..
..
38.6
32.0
..
28.7
31.9
..
41.4
..
38.8
40.6
Inequality-adjusted
life expectancy
index
Inequality-adjusted
education index
Inequality-adjusted
income index
Quintile
income
ratio
Income
Gini
coefficient
Value
Loss (%)
Value
Loss (%)
Value
Loss (%)
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
4
–14
–3
..
..
8
..
17
8
14
3
2
1
..
..
1
–1
..
–1
6
3
–4
..
0.793
0.528
0.693
..
0.370
0.648
0.679
0.604
0.546
0.754
0.734
0.685
0.657
0.617
0.746
0.522
0.506
0.268
0.371
0.586
0.484
0.295
0.565
10.0
21.1
17.4
..
28.4
16.8
15.6
19.8
27.2
13.4
13.9
16.7
18.6
20.3
12.7
27.1
27.5
45.4
37.0
21.7
28.8
35.0
24.1
0.366
0.445
0.392
..
0.558
0.465
..
0.637
0.638
0.417
0.350
0.242
0.280
..
0.295
0.267
0.339
0.303
0.390
0.300
0.346
0.406
0.185
31.5
27.8
31.8
..
20.8
20.4
..
11.1
9.4
17.1
33.3
45.8
36.1
..
30.7
40.6
40.9
29.2
25.4
30.5
31.1
29.8
44.8
0.439
0.187
0.287
..
..
0.426
..
0.379
0.360
0.423
0.303
0.412
0.329
..
..
0.433
0.288
..
0.342
0.376
0.328
0.322
..
18.3
68.3
43.4
..
..
17.7
..
12.2
15.3
11.4
33.6
23.0
38.5
..
..
14.7
27.2
..
30.3
15.5
21.4
40.9
..
5.7
52.2
30.4
..
20.2
5.9
..
4.9
4.2
6.2
15.0
7.4
17.0
..
..
5.6
9.3
..
10.6
5.9
7.8
12.4
..
35.8
..
57.7
..
57.8
36.8
..
33.4
29.4
37.6
52.3
40.9
53.7
..
50.4
36.8
42.8
..
47.3
36.7
44.4
50.7
46.7
..
–2
1
1
5
–1
..
..
–2
2
1
..
0
0
–6
0
–9
1
–1
2
2
..
7
0
2
1
..
..
–3
2
..
1
1
..
–4
..
–2
–3
0.599
0.386
0.502
0.485
0.593
0.468
0.264
0.533
0.284
0.548
0.407
0.505
0.537
0.430
0.283
0.620
0.459
0.389
0.292
0.328
0.367
0.437
0.266
0.377
0.328
0.340
0.402
0.438
0.347
0.324
0.222
0.343
0.400
0.266
0.221
0.481
0.308
0.242
20.7
34.1
28.8
32.3
23.2
30.2
46.1
25.3
43.0
25.6
32.4
25.2
25.1
30.7
43.8
19.5
30.9
36.2
34.3
39.1
37.2
32.6
41.9
36.9
41.3
40.3
33.9
33.0
37.8
39.9
50.9
30.6
35.4
46.3
50.1
26.6
42.7
46.0
..
0.403
0.365
0.207
0.252
0.195
..
..
0.336
0.347
0.305
..
0.155
0.211
0.247
0.201
0.241
0.208
0.384
0.322
0.277
0.193
0.366
0.156
0.282
0.212
..
..
0.173
0.267
0.223
0.452
0.146
0.170
0.181
..
0.143
0.174
..
30.7
19.1
46.4
39.4
47.4
..
..
35.3
30.1
32.8
..
49.8
45.1
44.2
43.6
40.7
43.2
24.3
32.2
41.5
47.4
23.8
47.0
30.7
42.0
..
..
43.2
34.7
39.3
20.1
38.2
36.9
40.3
..
42.0
45.9
..
0.248
0.231
0.413
0.321
0.401
0.278
..
0.345
0.193
0.294
..
0.365
0.309
0.309
0.220
0.180
0.329
0.213
0.246
0.238
..
0.287
0.355
0.228
0.286
..
..
0.247
0.232
..
0.124
0.258
..
0.222
..
0.213
0.201
..
36.0
44.2
11.0
17.7
17.8
50.0
..
19.9
36.1
20.6
..
17.6
23.9
28.8
37.4
47.9
21.5
47.0
29.1
20.0
..
20.8
21.3
34.5
23.6
..
..
34.4
19.7
..
34.5
20.8
..
32.5
..
31.1
28.1
..
11.3
10.8
4.7
4.3
4.6
31.0
..
9.1
8.6
6.6
12.5
6.3
7.4
9.5
8.9
25.2
7.4
18.8
8.7
8.7
..
15.3
..
13.9
6.7
11.0
..
11.0
6.6
..
12.1
4.2
7.1
6.0
..
7.2
9.5
..
47.7
50.8
32.7
31.0
31.9
58.6
..
44.6
47.2
37.6
..
37.7
39.2
42.9
47.3
59.5
39.0
52.5
44.3
34.4
64.3
50.7
39.9
53.1
38.6
47.3
..
46.1
39.0
..
..
29.8
39.0
35.5
..
39.4
43.6
2000–2011b 2000–2011b
STATISTICAL tables
table
3
137
Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
HDI rank
table
3
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
Human
Development
Index (HDI)
Value
Sierra Leone
Burkina Faso
Liberia
Chad
Mozambique
Burundi
Niger
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea, Democratic People’s Rep. of
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
Tuvalu
Human Development Index groups
Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development
Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Least developed countries
Small island developing states
World
Inequality-adjusted HDI
Value
Overall
loss (%)
Change
in ranka
2011
2011
2011
0.336
0.331
0.329
0.328
0.322
0.316
0.295
0.286
0.196
0.215
0.213
0.196
0.229
..
0.195
0.172
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
Inequality-adjusted
income index
Quintile
income
ratio
Income
Gini
coefficient
Loss (%)
Value
Loss (%)
Value
Loss (%)
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
41.6
35.1
35.3
40.1
28.9
..
34.2
39.9
–3
3
3
–1
7
..
0
0
0.240
0.326
0.362
0.224
0.282
0.261
0.314
0.224
45.3
41.7
37.6
52.0
40.8
45.6
42.6
50.0
0.160
0.117
0.235
0.124
0.181
..
0.107
0.245
47.4
37.3
46.4
43.4
18.2
..
39.5
31.2
0.197
0.260
0.113
0.272
0.233
..
0.218
0.093
31.0
25.3
19.0
21.0
25.8
..
17.9
36.8
8.1
6.7
7.0
7.4
9.9
4.8
5.2
9.2
42.5
39.6
52.6
39.8
45.6
33.3
34.0
44.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.640
..
..
..
..
0.260
..
16.9
..
..
..
..
47.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2000–2011b 2000–2011b
0.889
0.741
0.630
0.456
0.787
0.590 c
0.480
0.304
11.5
20.5 c
23.7
33.3
—
—
—
—
0.897
0.734
0.633
0.393
5.2
12.4
19.2
35.6
0.838
0.580 c
0.396
0.238
6.2
18.9 c
29.4
39.2
0.648
0.482
0.441
0.300
22.2
28.2 c
22.3
24.2
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.641
0.671
0.751
0.731
0.548
0.463
0.439
0.640
0.682
0.472 c
0.528 c
0.655
0.540
0.393
0.303
0.296
0.458 c
0.525
26.4 c
21.3 c
12.7
26.1
28.4
34.5
32.4
28.4 c
23.0
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
0.654
0.709
0.715
0.743
0.529
0.331
0.403
0.633
0.637
18.0
14.3
11.7
13.4
26.9
39.0
34.7
19.1
19.0
0.307 c
0.477 c
0.681
0.528
0.266
0.276
0.233
0.417 c
0.450
40.8 c
21.9 c
10.7
23.2
40.9
35.6
36.8
29.6 c
26.2
0.524 c
0.435 c
0.578
0.401
0.430
0.306
0.277
0.364 c
0.506
17.8 c
26.8 c
15.7
39.3
15.1
28.4
25.3
35.6 c
23.4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
DEFINITIONS
Human Development Index (HDI): A composite index measuring average achievement in three basic
dimensions of human development—a long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living.
See Technical note 1 for details on how the HDI is calculated.
Inequality-adjusted HDI (IHDI): HDI value adjusted for inequalities in the three basic dimensions of
human development. See Technical note 2 for details on how the IHDI is calculated.
Overall loss: The loss in potential human development due to inequality, calculated as the percentage
difference between the HDI and the IHDI.
Inequality-adjusted life expectancy index: The HDI life expectancy index adjusted for inequality in
distribution of expected length of life based on data from life tables listed in Main data sources.
Inequality-adjusted education index: The HDI education index adjusted for inequality in distribution of
years of schooling based on data from household surveys listed in Main data sources.
Inequality-adjusted income index: The HDI income index adjusted for inequality in income distribution
based on data from household surveys listed in Main data sources.
Quintile income ratio: Ratio of the average income of the richest 20 percent of the population to the
average income of the poorest 20 percent of the population.
human development report 2011
Inequality-adjusted
education index
Value
NOTES
a. Change in rank is based on countries for which the Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index
is calculated.
b. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
c. Based on less than half the countries in the group or region.
138
Inequality-adjusted
life expectancy
index
Income Gini coefficient: Measure of the deviation of the distribution of income (or consumption) among
individuals or households within a country from a perfectly equal distribution. A value of 0 represents
absolute equality, a value of 100 absolute inequality.
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Column 1: HDRO calculations based on data from UNDESA (2011), Barro and Lee (2010b), UNESCO
Institute for Statistics (2011), World Bank (2011a) and IMF (2011).
Column 2: Calculated as the geometric mean of the values in columns 5, 7 and 9 using the methodology
in Technical note 2.
Column 3: Calculated based on data in columns 1 and 2.
Column 4: Calculated based on HDI rank and data in column 2.
Columns 5, 7 and 9: HDRO calculations based on data from United Nations Department of Economic and
Social Affairs life tables, the Luxembourg Income Study, Eurostat’s European Union Survey of Income
and Living Conditions, the World Bank’s International Income Distribution Database, the United Nations
Children’s Fund’s Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys, ICF Macro Demographic and Health Surveys, the
World Health Organization’s World Health Survey and the United Nations University’s World Institute for
Development Economics Research’s World Income Inequality Database using the methodology in Technical note 2. The list of surveys and years of surveys used for each index are available at http://hdr.undp.org.
Column 6: Calculated based on data in column 5 and the unadjusted life expectancy index.
Column 8: Calculated based on data in column 7 and the unadjusted education index.
Column 10: Calculated based on data in column 9 and the unadjusted income index.
Columns 11 and 12: World Bank (2011a).
table
4
Gender Inequality Index and related indicators
Population
with at least
secondary
education
(% ages 25
and older)
Gender
Inequality
Index
HDI rank
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1 Norway
2 Australia
3 Netherlands
4 United States
5 New Zealand
6 Canada
7 Ireland
8 Liechtenstein
9 Germany
10 Sweden
11 Switzerland
12 Japan
13 Hong Kong, China (SAR)
14 Iceland
15 Korea, Republic of
16 Denmark
17 Israel
18 Belgium
19 Austria
20 France
21 Slovenia
22 Finland
23 Spain
24 Italy
25 Luxembourg
26 Singapore
27 Czech Republic
28 United Kingdom
29 Greece
30 United Arab Emirates
31 Cyprus
32 Andorra
33 Brunei Darussalam
34 Estonia
35 Slovakia
36 Malta
37 Qatar
38 Hungary
39 Poland
40 Lithuania
41 Portugal
42 Bahrain
43 Latvia
44 Chile
45 Argentina
46 Croatia
47 Barbados
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
48 Uruguay
49 Palau
50 Romania
51 Cuba
52 Seychelles
53 Bahamas
54 Montenegro
55 Bulgaria
Seats in
national
Maternal
mortality Adolescent parliament
Rank Value
ratio
fertility rate (% female) Female
Reproductive health
Contraceptive
prevalence
Labour force
rate, any
participation rate
method
(%)
(% of married
women ages
Male Female Male
15–49)
At least
one
antenatal
visit
(%)
Births
attended
by skilled
health
personnel
(%)
2005–2009b 2005–2009b
Total
fertility
rate
2011
2011
2008
2011a
2011
2010
2010
2009
2009
2005–2009b
2011a
6
18
2
47
32
20
33
..
7
1
4
14
..
9
11
3
22
12
16
10
28
5
13
15
26
8
17
34
24
38
21
..
..
30
31
42
111
39
25
29
19
44
36
68
67
27
65
0.075
0.136
0.052
0.299
0.195
0.140
0.203
..
0.085
0.049
0.067
0.123
..
0.099
0.111
0.060
0.145
0.114
0.131
0.106
0.175
0.075
0.117
0.124
0.169
0.086
0.136
0.209
0.162
0.234
0.141
..
..
0.194
0.194
0.272
0.549
0.237
0.164
0.192
0.140
0.288
0.216
0.374
0.372
0.170
0.364
7
8
9
24
14
12
3
..
7
5
10
6
..
5
18
5
7
5
5
8
18
8
6
5
17
9
8
12
2
10
10
..
21
12
6
8
8
13
6
13
7
19
20
26
70
14
64
9.0
16.5
5.1
41.2
30.9
14.0
17.5
7.0
7.9
6.0
4.6
5.0
3.2
14.6
2.3
6.0
14.0
14.2
12.8
7.2
5.0
9.3
12.7
6.7
10.1
4.8
11.1
29.6
11.6
26.7
6.6
8.4
25.1
22.7
20.2
17.3
16.2
16.5
14.8
19.7
16.8
14.9
18.0
58.3
56.9
13.5
42.6
39.6
28.3
37.8
16.8 c
33.6
24.9
11.1
24.0
31.7
45.0
27.6
13.6
..
42.9
14.7
38.0
19.2
38.5
28.3
20.0
10.8
42.5
34.7
20.3
20.0
23.4
21.0
21.0
17.3
22.5
12.5
53.6
..
19.8
16.0
8.7
0.0 f
9.1
17.9
19.1
27.4
15.0
20.0
13.9
37.8
23.5
19.6
99.3
95.1
86.3
95.3
71.6
92.3
82.3
..
91.3
87.9
63.6
80.0
67.3
66.3
79.4
59.0
78.9
75.7
67.3
79.6
60.6 d,e
70.1
70.9
67.8
66.4
57.3
85.5
68.8
64.4
76.9
61.8
49.3 d,e
66.6
94.4
80.8
64.4
62.1
93.2
79.7
91.9
40.4
74.4
94.8
67.3
57.0
57.4
89.5
99.1
97.2
89.2
94.5
73.5
92.7
81.5
..
92.8
87.1
73.8
82.3
71.0
57.7
91.7
65.6
77.2
79.8
85.9
84.6
81.9 d,e
70.1
75.7
78.9
73.9
64.7
87.6
67.8
72.0
77.3
73.2
49.5 d,e
61.2
94.6
87.1
73.5
54.7
96.7
83.9
95.7
41.9
80.4
96.2
69.8
54.9
72.3
87.6
63.0
58.4
59.5
58.4
61.8
62.7
54.4
..
53.1
60.6
60.6
47.9
52.2
71.7
50.1
60.3
51.9
46.7
53.2
50.5
52.8
57.0
49.1
38.4
48.0
53.7
48.8
55.3
42.9
41.9
54.3
..
59.7
54.8
51.2
31.6
49.9
42.5
46.2
50.2
56.2
32.4
54.3
41.8
52.4
46.3
65.8
71.0
72.2
72.9
71.9
75.7
73.0
73.0
..
66.8
69.2
73.7
71.8
68.9
83.1
72.0
70.6
62.5
60.8
68.1
62.2
65.4
64.9
68.5
60.6
63.3
75.6
67.6
69.5
65.0
92.1
70.8
..
74.8
69.0
68.5
67.5
93.0
58.8
61.9
62.1
69.4
85.0
70.2
73.4
78.4
60.3
78.0
88.0
71.0
69.0
73.0
75.0
74.0
89.0
..
75.0
..
82.0
54.0
84.0
..
80.0
..
..
75.0
51.0
71.0
74.0
..
66.0
60.0
..
62.0
72.0
84.0
61.0
28.0
..
..
..
70.0
80.0
86.0
43.0
77.0
49.0
47.0
67.0
62.0
48.0
58.0
78.0
..
55.0
..
100.0
..
..
95.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
100.0
99.0
98.0
100.0
..
..
..
..
99.0
..
..
97.0
..
..
100.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
97.0
..
95.0
99.0
..
100.0
..
100.0
100.0
99.0
100.0
98.0
100.0
..
..
..
..
100.0
..
..
100.0
..
..
..
100.0
99.0
100.0
100.0
..
..
100.0
100.0
100.0
99.0
..
99.0
..
..
99.0
100.0
100.0
98.0
99.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
100.0
98.0
100.0
100.0
95.0
100.0
100.0
2.0
2.0
1.8
2.1
2.1
1.7
2.1
..
1.5
1.9
1.5
1.4
1.1
2.1
1.4
1.9
2.9
1.8
1.4
2.0
1.5
1.9
1.5
1.5
1.7
1.4
1.5
1.9
1.5
1.7
1.5
..
2.0
1.7
1.4
1.3
2.2
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.3
2.4
1.5
1.8
2.2
1.5
1.6
62
..
55
58
..
54
..
40
0.352
..
0.333
0.337
..
0.332
..
0.245
27
..
27
53
..
49
15
13
61.1
13.8
32.0
45.2
51.3
31.8
18.2
42.8
14.6
6.9
9.8
43.2
23.5
17.9
11.1
20.8
56.6
..
83.8
73.9
41.2 d,e
48.5 d,e
79.7 d,e
69.1
51.7
..
90.5
80.4
45.4 d,e
54.5 d,e
69.5 d,e
70.6
53.8
..
45.4
40.9
..
68.3
..
48.2
75.5
..
60.0
66.9
..
78.7
..
61.2
78.0
21.0
70.0
78.0
..
45.0
39.0
63.0
96.0
100.0
94.0
100.0
..
98.0
97.0
..
100.0
100.0
99.0
100.0
..
99.0
99.0 g
100.0
2.0
..
1.4
1.5
..
1.9
1.6
1.6
STATISTICAL tables
139
Gender Inequality Index and related indicators
Population
with at least
secondary
education
(% ages 25
and older)
Gender
Inequality
Index
HDI rank
table
4
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
2011 2011
Saudi Arabia
135 0.646
Mexico
79 0.448
Panama
95 0.492
Serbia
..
..
Antigua and Barbuda
..
..
Malaysia
43 0.286
Trinidad and Tobago
53 0.331
Kuwait
37 0.229
Libya
51 0.314
Belarus
..
..
Russian Federation
59 0.338
Grenada
..
..
Kazakhstan
56 0.334
Costa Rica
64 0.361
Albania
41 0.271
Lebanon
76 0.440
Saint Kitts and Nevis
..
..
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
78 0.447
Bosnia and Herzegovina
..
..
Georgia
73 0.418
Ukraine
57 0.335
Mauritius
63 0.353
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia 23 0.151
Jamaica
81 0.450
Peru
72 0.415
Dominica
..
..
Saint Lucia
..
..
Ecuador
85 0.469
Brazil
80 0.449
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
..
..
Armenia
60 0.343
Colombia
91 0.482
Iran, Islamic Republic of
92 0.485
Oman
49 0.309
Tonga
..
..
Azerbaijan
50 0.314
Turkey
77 0.443
Belize
97 0.493
Tunisia
45 0.293
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
95 Jordan
96 Algeria
97 Sri Lanka
98 Dominican Republic
99 Samoa
100 Fiji
101 China
102 Turkmenistan
103 Thailand
104 Suriname
105 El Salvador
106 Gabon
107 Paraguay
108 Bolivia, Plurinational State of
109 Maldives
110 Mongolia
111 Moldova, Republic of
112 Philippines
113 Egypt
114 Occupied Palestinian Territory
140
Seats in
national
Maternal
mortality Adolescent parliament
Rank Value
ratio
fertility rate (% female) Female
83
71
74
90
..
..
35
..
69
..
93
103
87
88
52
70
46
75
..
..
human development report 2011
0.456
0.412
0.419
0.480
..
..
0.209
..
0.382
..
0.487
0.509
0.476
0.476
0.320
0.410
0.298
0.427
..
..
Reproductive health
Contraceptive
prevalence
Labour force
rate, any
participation rate
method
(%)
(% of married
women ages
Male Female Male
15–49)
At least
one
antenatal
visit
(%)
Births
attended
by skilled
health
personnel
(%)
2005–2009b 2005–2009b
Total
fertility
rate
2008
2011a
2011
2010
2010
2005–2009b
11.6
70.6
82.6
22.1
55.5
14.2
34.7
13.8
3.2
22.1
30.0
42.4
30.0
65.6
17.9
16.2
42.6
89.9
16.4
44.7
30.8
35.4
22.0
77.3
54.7
20.0
61.7
82.8
75.6
58.9
35.7
74.3
29.5
9.2
22.3
33.8
39.2
78.7
5.7
0.0 f
25.5
8.5
21.6
19.4
14.0
27.4
7.7
7.7
32.1
11.5
21.4
13.6
38.6
16.4
3.1
6.7
17.0
15.8
6.5
8.0
18.8
32.5
16.0
27.5 h
12.5
20.7
32.3
9.6
14.3
9.2
13.8
2.8
9.0
3.6 i
16.0
9.1
11.1
23.3
50.3
55.8
63.5
61.7
..
66.0
67.6
52.2
55.6
..
90.6
..
92.2
54.4
83.2
32.4
..
33.4
..
63.8 d,e
91.5
45.2
55.6 d
74.0
57.6
11.2 d,e
..
44.2
48.8
..
94.1
48.0
39.0
26.7
84.0
65.4 d,e
27.1
35.2
33.5
57.9
61.9
60.7
70.7
..
72.8
66.6
43.9
44.0
..
95.6
..
95.0
52.8
89.2
33.3
..
29.6
..
58.9 d,e
96.1
52.9
40.2 d
71.1
76.1
10.3 d,e
..
45.8
46.3
..
94.8
47.6
57.2
28.1
87.8
61.9 d,e
46.7
32.8
48.0
2009
21.2
43.2
48.4
..
..
44.4
55.1
45.4
24.7
54.8
57.5
..
65.7
45.1
49.3
22.3
..
51.7
54.9
55.1
52.0
40.8
42.9
56.1
58.2
..
51.0
47.1
60.1
56.0
59.6
40.7
31.9
25.4
54.6
59.5
24.0
47.4
25.6
2009
24
85
71
8
..
31
55
9
64
15
39
..
45
44
31
26
..
68
9
48
26
36
9
89
98
..
..
140
58
..
29
85
30
20
..
38
23
94
60
79.8
80.6
80.7
..
..
79.2
78.1
82.5
78.9
66.5
69.2
..
76.3
79.9
70.4
71.5
..
80.3
68.3
73.8
65.4
74.8
65.2
74.0
76.0
..
75.8
77.7
81.9
78.8
74.6
77.6
73.0
76.9
74.7
66.8
69.6
80.6
70.6
24.0
73.0
..
41.0
53.0
55.0
43.0
52.0
45.0
73.0
80.0
54.0
51.0
80.0
69.0
58.0
54.0
77.0
36.0
47.0
67.0
76.0
14.0
69.0
73.0
50.0
47.0
73.0
81.0
48.0
53.0
78.0
79.0
32.0
23.0
51.0
73.0
34.0
60.0
90.0
94.0
72.0
98.0
100.0
79.0
96.0
95.0
81.0
99.0
..
100.0
100.0
90.0
97.0
96.0
100.0
94.0
99.0
96.0
99.0
..
94.0
91.0
94.0
100.0
99.0
84.0
97.0
100.0
93.0
94.0
98.0
100.0
..
77.0
92.0
94.0
96.0
91.0
93.0
92.0
99.0 g
100.0
99.0
98.0
98.0
94.0 g
100.0 g
100.0
99.0
100.0 g
99.0
99.0
98.0
100.0
95.0
100.0 g
98.0
99.0
98.0
100.0 g
97.0 g
83.0 g
100.0
100.0
98.0 g
97.0
99.0
100.0
96.0 g
97.0
99.0
95.0
88.0 g
91.0
95.0 g
95.0
2011a
2.6
2.2
2.4
1.6
..
2.6
1.6
2.3
2.4
1.5
1.5
2.2
2.5
1.8
1.5
1.8
..
2.4
1.1
1.5
1.5
1.6
1.4
2.3
2.4
..
1.9
2.4
1.8
2.0
1.7
2.3
1.6
2.2
3.8
2.2
2.0
2.7
1.9
59
120
39
100
..
26
38
77
48
100
110
260
95
180
37
65
32
94
82
..
26.5
7.3
23.6
108.7
28.3
45.2
8.4
19.5
43.3
39.5
82.7
89.9
72.3
78.2
12.2
20.8
33.8
54.1
46.6
53.5
12.2
7.0
5.3
19.1
4.1
..
21.3
16.8
14.0
9.8
19.0
16.1
13.6
30.1
6.5
3.9
18.8
21.5
.. j
..
57.1
36.3
56.0
49.7
64.2 d,e
86.6
54.8
..
25.6
..
40.5
53.8
45.4
55.1
31.3
83.0
85.8
65.9
43.4
36.5 d,e
74.2
49.3
57.6
41.8
60.0 d,e
88.6
70.4
..
33.7
..
47.5
34.7
50.4
67.9
37.3
81.8
92.3
63.7
59.3
29.0 d,e
23.3
37.2
34.2
50.5
37.9
38.7
67.4
62.4
65.5
38.5
45.9
70.0
57.0
62.1
57.1
67.8
46.5
49.2
22.4
16.5
73.9
79.6
75.1
79.8
75.4
78.4
79.7
74.0
80.7
66.0
76.7
81.1
86.6
82.0
77.0
78.2
53.1
78.5
75.3
68.4
59.0
61.0
68.0
73.0
25.0
35.0
85.0
48.0
77.0
46.0
73.0
33.0
79.0
61.0
39.0
55.0
68.0
51.0
60.0
50.0
99.0
89.0
99.0
99.0
..
..
91.0
99.0
98.0
90.0
94.0
94.0
96.0
86.0
81.0
100.0
98.0
91.0
74.0
99.0
99.0
95.0
99.0
98.0
100.0
99.0
99.0
100.0
97.0
90.0 g
96.0
86.0
82.0
71.0
84.0
99.0
100.0 g
62.0
79.0
99.0
2.9
2.1
2.2
2.5
3.8
2.6
1.6
2.3
1.5
2.3
2.2
3.2
2.9
3.2
1.7
2.5
1.5
3.1
2.6
4.3
Gender Inequality Index and related indicators
Population
with at least
secondary
education
(% ages 25
and older)
Gender
Inequality
Index
HDI rank
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
Uzbekistan
Micronesia, Federated States of
Guyana
Botswana
Syrian Arab Republic
Namibia
Honduras
Kiribati
South Africa
Indonesia
Vanuatu
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Viet Nam
Nicaragua
Morocco
Guatemala
Iraq
Cape Verde
India
Ghana
Equatorial Guinea
Congo
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Cambodia
Swaziland
Bhutan
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
142 Solomon Islands
143 Kenya
144 São Tomé and Príncipe
145 Pakistan
146 Bangladesh
147 Timor-Leste
148 Angola
149 Myanmar
150 Cameroon
151 Madagascar
152 Tanzania, United Republic of
153 Papua New Guinea
154 Yemen
155 Senegal
156 Nigeria
157 Nepal
158 Haiti
159 Mauritania
160 Lesotho
161 Uganda
162 Togo
163 Comoros
164 Zambia
165 Djibouti
166 Rwanda
167 Benin
168 Gambia
169 Sudan
170 Côte d'Ivoire
171 Malawi
172 Afghanistan
173 Zimbabwe
Seats in
national
Maternal
mortality Adolescent parliament
Rank Value
ratio
fertility rate (% female) Female
Reproductive health
Contraceptive
prevalence
Labour force
rate, any
participation rate
method
(%)
(% of married
women ages
Male Female Male
15–49)
At least
one
antenatal
visit
(%)
Births
attended
by skilled
health
personnel
(%)
2005–2009b 2005–2009b
Total
fertility
rate
2011
2011
2008
2011a
2010
2005–2009b
30
..
270
190
46
180
110
..
410
240
..
81
64
56
100
110
110
75
94
230
350
280
580
580
290
420
200
13.8
25.4
68.3
52.1
42.8
74.4
93.1
22.2
59.2
45.1
54.0
34.1
28.4
26.8
112.7
15.1
107.2
98.0
81.6
86.3
71.1
122.9
118.7
39.0
41.8
83.9
50.2
..
..
42.6
73.6
24.7
49.6
31.9
..
66.3
24.2
..
81.0
93.2
24.7
30.8
20.1
15.6
22.0
..
26.6
33.9
..
43.8
22.9
11.6
49.9
16.2 d,e
..
..
43.7
77.5
24.1
46.1
36.3
..
68.0
31.1
..
81.2
85.8
28.0
44.7
36.3
21.0
42.7
..
50.4
83.1
..
48.7
36.8
20.6
46.1
19.4 d,e
2009
58.4
..
44.7
72.3
21.1
51.8
40.1
..
47.0
52.0
79.3
54.8
57.0
68.0
47.1
26.2
48.1
13.8
53.5
32.8
73.8
39.7
62.9
77.7
73.6
53.1
53.4
2009
..
..
0.511
0.507
0.474
0.466
0.511
..
0.490
0.505
..
0.370
0.347
0.305
0.506
0.510
0.542
0.579
..
0.617
0.598
..
0.628
0.513
0.500
0.546
0.495
2011
19.2
0.0
30.0
7.9
12.4
25.0
18.0
4.3
42.7
18.0
3.8
23.3
17.5
25.8
20.7
6.7
12.0
25.2
20.8
10.7
8.3
10.0
9.2
25.0
19.0
21.9
13.9
2010
..
..
106
102
86
84
105
..
94
100
..
66
61
48
101
104
109
117
..
129
122
..
132
107
99
110
98
71.0
..
81.2
80.9
79.5
62.6
80.2
..
63.4
86.0
88.3
79.1
77.7
76.0
78.4
80.1
87.9
68.9
81.3
81.1
75.2
92.0
82.6
78.9
85.6
74.9
70.6
65.0
45.0
43.0
53.0
58.0
55.0
65.0
22.0
60.0
57.0
38.0
48.0
37.0
80.0
72.0
63.0
54.0
50.0
61.0
54.0
24.0
..
44.0
38.0
40.0
51.0
35.0
99.0
..
92.0
94.0
84.0
95.0
92.0
88.0
92.0
93.0
84.0
97.0
89.0
91.0
90.0
68.0
93.0
84.0
98.0
75.0
90.0
86.0
86.0
35.0
69.0
85.0
88.0
100.0 g
88.0
92.0 g
95.0 g
93.0 g
81.0
67.0 g
63.0
91.0
75.0 g
74.0
98.0 g
88.0 g
88.0 g
74.0
63.0
51.0
80.0
78.0 g
53.0 g
57.0
65.0 g
83.0
20.0 g
44.0
69.0 g
71.0
2011a
2.3
3.3
2.2
2.6
2.8
3.1
3.0
..
2.4
2.1
3.8
2.6
3.2
1.8
2.5
2.2
3.8
4.5
2.3
2.5
4.0
5.0
4.4
2.5
2.4
3.2
2.3
..
130
..
115
112
..
..
96
134
..
119
140
146
114
..
113
123
126
108
116
124
..
131
..
82
133
127
128
136
120
141
118
..
0.627
..
0.573
0.550
..
..
0.492
0.639
..
0.590
0.674
0.769
0.566
..
0.558
0.599
0.605
0.532
0.577
0.602
..
0.627
..
0.453
0.634
0.610
0.611
0.655
0.594
0.707
0.583
100
530
..
260
340
370
610
240
600
440
790
250
210
410
840
380
300
550
530
430
350
340
470
300
540
410
400
750
470
510
1,400
790
70.3
100.2
66.1
31.6
78.9
65.8
171.1
16.3
127.8
134.3
130.4
66.9
78.8
105.9
118.3
103.4
46.4
79.2
73.5
149.9
65.3
58.0
146.8
22.9
38.7
111.7
76.6
61.9
129.4
119.2
118.7
64.6
0.0
9.8
18.2
21.0
18.6
29.2
38.6
4.0
13.9
12.1
36.0
0.9
0.7
29.6
7.3
33.2
4.2
19.2
22.9
37.2
11.1
3.0
14.0
13.8
50.9
8.4
7.5
24.2
8.9
20.8
27.6
17.9
..
20.1
..
23.5
30.8
..
..
18.0
21.1
..
5.6
12.4
7.6
10.9
..
17.9
22.5
8.0
24.3
9.1
15.3
..
25.7
..
7.4
11.3
16.9
12.8
13.6
10.4
5.8
48.8
..
38.6
..
46.8
39.3
..
..
17.6
34.9
..
9.2
24.4
24.4
19.4
..
39.9
36.3
20.8
20.3
20.8
45.1
..
44.2
..
8.0
25.9
31.4
18.2
25.2
20.4
34.0
62.0
24.2
76.4
44.5
21.7
58.7
58.9
74.5
63.1
53.5
84.2
86.3
71.6
19.9
64.8
39.2
63.3
57.5
59.0
70.8
78.3
63.6
73.7
59.5
61.5
86.7
67.4
70.6
30.8
50.8
75.0
33.1
60.0
50.0
88.1
76.0
84.9
82.5
82.8
88.4
85.1
80.7
88.7
90.6
74.2
73.5
88.6
73.4
80.3
82.9
81.0
77.7
90.6
85.7
85.4
79.2
78.7
85.1
77.9
85.2
73.9
82.1
78.8
84.5
74.3
27.0
46.0
38.0
30.0
53.0
22.0
6.0
41.0
29.0
40.0
26.0
32.0
28.0
12.0
15.0
48.0
32.0
9.0
47.0
24.0
17.0
26.0
41.0
23.0
36.0
17.0
18.0
8.0
13.0
41.0
10.0
65.0
74.0
92.0
98.0
61.0
51.0
61.0
80.0
80.0
82.0
86.0
76.0
79.0
47.0
87.0
58.0
44.0
85.0
75.0
92.0
94.0
84.0
75.0
94.0
92.0
96.0
84.0
98.0
64.0
85.0
92.0
16.0
93.0
70.0
44.0
82.0
39.0 g
24.0 g
18.0
47.0 g
64.0
63.0
44.0 g
43.0 g
53.0
36.0
52.0 g
39.0 g
19.0
26.0 g
61.0 g
62.0 g
42.0
62.0 g
62.0 g
47.0 g
93.0 g
52.0 g
74.0 g
57.0 g
49.0 g
57.0
54.0
14.0
60.0
4.0
4.6
3.5
3.2
2.2
5.9
5.1
1.9
4.3
4.5
5.5
3.8
4.9
4.6
5.4
2.6
3.2
4.4
3.1
5.9
3.9
4.7
6.3
3.6
5.3
5.1
4.7
4.2
4.2
6.0
6.0
3.1
STATISTICAL tables
table
4
141
Gender Inequality Index and related indicators
Population
with at least
secondary
education
(% ages 25
and older)
Gender
Inequality
Index
HDI rank
table
4
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
Ethiopia
Mali
Guinea-Bissau
Eritrea
Guinea
Central African Republic
Sierra Leone
Burkina Faso
Liberia
Chad
Mozambique
Burundi
Niger
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Seats in
national
Maternal
mortality Adolescent parliament
Rank Value
ratio
fertility rate (% female) Female
2011
2011
2008
2011a
..
143
..
..
..
138
137
121
139
145
125
89
144
142
..
0.712
..
..
..
0.669
0.662
0.596
0.671
0.735
0.602
0.478
0.724
0.710
470
830
1,000
280
680
850
970
560
990
1,200
550
970
820
670
72.4
186.3
111.1
66.6
157.4
106.6
143.7
124.8
142.6
164.5
149.2
18.6
207.1
201.4
2011
25.5
10.2
10.0
22.0
.. k
9.6 h
13.2
15.3
13.8
14.3
39.2
36.1
13.1
9.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
250
..
..
..
..
1,200
..
0.7
53.5
1.6
31.2
2.5
70.1
23.3
..
..
..
..
0.224
0.409
0.475
0.606
16
51
135
532
.. 0.563
..
..
.. 0.311
.. 0.445
.. 0.601
.. 0.610
.. 0.594
..
..
.. 0.492
192
79
29
80
252
619
537
..
176
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea, Democratic People’s Rep. of
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
Tuvalu
Human Development Index groups
Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development
Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Least developed countries
Small island developing states
World
142
Reproductive health
Contraceptive
prevalence
Labour force
rate, any
participation rate
method
(%)
(% of married
women ages
Male Female Male
15–49)
At least
one
antenatal
visit
(%)
Births
attended
by skilled
health
personnel
(%)
2005–2009b 2005–2009b
Total
fertility
rate
2010
2010
..
8.4
..
..
..
26.2
20.4
35.1 d,e
39.2
9.9 d,e
6.0
9.2
7.6
36.2
2009
80.7
37.6
59.6
62.5
79.2
71.6
65.4
78.2
66.6
62.7
84.8
91.0
38.9
56.5
2009
90.3
67.0
83.8
83.4
89.2
86.7
67.5
90.8
75.8
78.2
86.9
87.5
87.5
85.6
2005–2009b
..
3.2
..
..
..
10.3
9.5
34.7 d,e
15.7
0.9 d,e
1.5
5.2
2.5
10.7
15.0
8.0
10.0
8.0
9.0
19.0
8.0
17.0
11.0
3.0
16.0
9.0
11.0
21.0
28.0
70.0
78.0
70.0
88.0
69.0
87.0
85.0
79.0
39.0
92.0
92.0
46.0
85.0
6.0
49.0 g
39.0 g
28.0 g
46.0 g
44.0 g
42.0 g
54.0
46.0
14.0
55.0 g
34.0
33.0
74.0 g
2011a
3.9
6.1
4.9
4.2
5.0
4.4
4.7
5.8
5.0
5.7
4.7
4.1
6.9
5.5
15.6
3.0
26.1
0.0
16.7
6.8
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
55.1
..
..
..
..
56.5
..
77.5
..
..
..
..
84.7
..
69.0
45.0
..
36.0
..
15.0
31.0
97.0
81.0
..
95.0
..
26.0
97.0
97.0
86.0
..
97.0
..
33.0 g
98.0
2.0
..
..
..
..
6.3
..
23.8
51.6
50.1
98.2
21.5
13.5
17.3
18.2
82.0
61.0
41.2
18.7
84.6
64.6
57.7
32.4
52.8
47.8
51.1
54.6
69.8
75.0
80.0
82.7
69.5
72.4
67.7
27.8
98.6
94.4
85.1
64.9
99.2
96.1
78.1
39.6
1.8
1.9
2.1
4.2
44.4
19.8
28.0
73.7
77.4
119.7
106.1
66.4
58.1
12.0
20.2
13.4
18.7
12.5
19.8
20.3
20.6
17.7
32.9
48.1
78.0
50.5
27.3
22.2
16.8
50.3
50.8
46.2
61.3
83.3
52.2
49.2
34.9
27.4
54.9
61.7
26.0
64.2
49.7
51.7
34.6
62.9
64.4
52.6
51.5
77.1
80.3
67.8
79.9
81.2
81.2
84.0
75.8
78.0
46.1
76.9
67.7
74.8
52.1
24.3
28.7
53.3
61.6
76.4
90.7
95.3
94.8
71.3
73.6
63.7
90.8
82.7
76.1
91.9
97.9
92.0
50.5
47.7
38.2
74.3
76.4
3.1
1.8
1.7
2.2
2.6
4.8
4.1
2.7
2.4
NOTES
a. Annual average for 2010–2015.
b. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
c. The denominator of the calculation refers to voting members of the House of Representatives only.
d. UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2011).
e. Refers to an earlier year than that specified.
f. For purposes of calculating the Gender Inequality Index, a value of 0.1 percent was used.
g. Includes deliveries by cadres of health workers other than doctors, nurses and midwives.
h. Data are for 2010.
i. No women were elected in 2010; however, one woman was appointed to the cabinet.
j. The People’s Assembly and the Shoura Assembly were dissolved by the Egypt Supreme Council of
Armed Forces on 13 February 2011.
k. The parliament was dissolved following the December 2008 coup.
Labour force participation rate: Proportion of a country’s working-age population that engages in
the labour market, either by working or actively looking for work, expressed as a percentage of the
working-age population.
Contraceptive prevalence rate, any method: Percentage of women of reproductive age (ages 15–49)
who are using, or whose partners are using, any modern or traditional form of contraception.
At least one antenatal visit: Percentage of women who used antenatal care provided by skilled health
personnel for reasons related to pregnancy at least once during pregnancy, as a percentage of live births.
Births attended by skilled health personnel: Percentage of deliveries attended by personnel (including
doctors, nurses and midwives) trained to give the necessary care, supervision and advice to women
during pregnancy, labour and postpartum; to conduct deliveries on their own; and to care for newborns.
Total fertility rate: Number of children that would be born to each woman if she were to live to the end
of her child-bearing years and bear children at each age in accordance with prevailing age-specific
fertility rates.
DEFINITIONS
Gender Inequality Index: A composite measure reflecting inequality in achievements between women
and men in three dimensions: reproductive health, empowerment and the labour market. See Technical
note 3 for details on how the Gender Inequality Index is calculated.
Maternal mortality ratio: Ratio of the number of maternal deaths to the number of live births in a given
year, expressed per 100,000 live births.
Adolescent fertility rate: Number of births to women ages 15–19 per 1,000 women ages 15–19.
Seats in national parliament: Proportion of seats held by women in a lower or single house or an upper
house or senate, expressed as percentage of total seats.
Population with at least secondary education: Percentage of the population ages 25 and older that
have reached secondary education.
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Columns 1 and 2: HDRO calculations based on UNICEF (2011), UNDESA (2011), IPU (2011), Barro and Lee
(2010b), UNESCO (2011) and ILO (2011).
Column 3: WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA and World Bank (2010).
Columns 4 and 13: UNDESA (2011).
Column 5: IPU (2011).
Columns 6 and 7: HDRO updates of Barro and Lee (2010b) estimates based on UNESCO Institute for
Statistics data on education attainment (2011) and Barro and Lee (2010a) methodology.
Columns 8 and 9: ILO (2011).
Columns 10–12: UNICEF (2011).
human development report 2011
table
5
Multidimensional Poverty Index
Share of multidimensional
poor with deprivations in
environmental services
Population in
multidimensional povertya
Multidimensional
Poverty Index
HDI rank
Yearb
Valuea
Population Population
Intensity of vulnerable in severe
deprivation to poverty poverty
(%)
(%)
(thousands)
(%)
Headcount
(%)
Clean
water
(%)
Improved
sanitation
(%)
Population below
income poverty line
Modern
fuels
(%)
PPP $1.25
a day
(%)
National
poverty
line
(%)
2000–2009c 2000–2009c
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
21 Slovenia
27 Czech Republic
30 United Arab Emirates
34 Estonia
35 Slovakia
38 Hungary
39 Poland
40 Lithuania
43 Latvia
44 Chile
45 Argentina
46 Croatia
2003 (W)
2003 (W)
2003 (W)
2003 (W)
2003 (W)
2003 (W)
..
..
2003 (W)
..
2005 (N)
2003 (W)
0.000 d
0.010
0.002
0.026
0.000 d
0.016
..
..
0.006 e
..
0.011 f
0.016
0.0 d
3.1
0.6
7.2
0.0 d
4.6
..
..
1.6 e
..
3.0 f
4.4
0d
316
20
97
0d
466
..
..
37 e
..
1,160 f
196
0.0 d
33.4
35.3
36.5
0.0 d
34.3
..
..
37.9 e
..
37.7 f
36.3
0.4 d
0.0
2.0
1.3
0.0 d
0.0
..
..
0.0 e
..
5.7 f
0.1
0.0 d
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0 d
0.0
..
..
0.0 e
..
0.2 f
0.3
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
48 Uruguay
50 Romania
52 Seychelles
54 Montenegro
55 Bulgaria
57 Mexico
58 Panama
59 Serbia
61 Malaysia
62 Trinidad and Tobago
65 Belarus
66 Russian Federation
68 Kazakhstan
69 Costa Rica
70 Albania
73 Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
74 Bosnia and Herzegovina
75 Georgia
76 Ukraine
78 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
79 Jamaica
80 Peru
83 Ecuador
84 Brazil
86 Armenia
87 Colombia
88 Iran, Islamic Republic of
91 Azerbaijan
92 Turkey
93 Belize
94 Tunisia
2003 (W)
..
..
2005 (M)
..
2006 (N)
..
2005 (M)
..
2006 (M)
2005 (M)
2003 (W)
2006 (M)
..
2009 (D)
..
2006 (M)
2005 (M)
2007 (D)
2005 (M)
..
2004 (D)
2003 (W)
2006 (N)
2005 (D)
2010 (D)
..
2006 (D)
2003 (D)
2006 (M)
2003 (W)
0.006
..
..
0.006
..
0.015
..
0.003
..
0.020
0.000
0.005 e
0.002
..
0.005
..
0.003
0.003
0.008
0.008
..
0.086
0.009
0.011
0.004
0.022
..
0.021
0.028
0.024
0.010 e
1.7
..
..
1.5
..
4.0
..
0.8
..
5.6
0.0
1.3 e
0.6
..
1.4
..
0.8
0.8
2.2
1.9
..
19.9
2.2
2.7
1.1
5.4
..
5.3
6.6
5.6
2.8 e
56
..
..
9
..
4,313
..
79
..
74
0
1,883 e
92
..
45
..
30
36
1,018
39
..
5,421
286
5,075
34
2,500
..
461
4,378
16
272 e
34.7
..
..
41.6
..
38.9
..
40.0
..
35.1
35.1
38.9 e
36.9
..
37.7
..
37.2
35.2
35.5
40.9
..
43.2
41.6
39.3
36.2
40.9
..
39.4
42.0
42.6
37.1 e
0.1
..
..
1.9
..
5.8
..
3.6
..
0.4
0.8
0.8 e
5.0
..
7.4
..
7.0
5.3
1.0
6.7
..
16.9
2.1
7.0
3.9
6.4
..
12.5
7.3
7.6
4.9 e
0.0
..
..
0.3
..
0.5
..
0.1
..
0.3
0.0
0.2 e
0.0
..
0.1
..
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.3
..
6.0
0.6
0.2
0.0
1.1
..
0.6
1.3
1.1
0.2 e
0.0
..
..
0.2
..
0.6
..
0.1
..
0.3
0.0
0.1
0.3
..
0.3
..
0.1
0.4
0.1
0.4
..
14.1
0.7
1.0
0.2
2.4
..
3.1
2.0
1.9
1.2
0.0
..
..
0.4
..
2.1
..
0.2
..
0.5
0.0
0.4
0.1
..
0.4
..
0.1
0.3
0.1
0.8
..
19.4
0.6
1.1
0.4
2.6
..
2.4
3.2
2.5
1.4
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
95 Jordan
97 Sri Lanka
98 Dominican Republic
100 Fiji
101 China
103 Thailand
104 Suriname
105 El Salvador
106 Gabon
107 Paraguay
108 Bolivia, Plurinational State of
109 Maldives
2009 (D)
2003 (W)
2007 (D)
..
2003 (W)
2005 (M)
2006 (M)
..
2000 (D)
2003 (W)
2008 (D)
2009 (D)
0.008
0.021 e
0.018
..
0.056
0.006
0.039
..
0.161 d
0.064
0.089
0.018
2.4
5.3 e
4.6
..
12.5
1.6
8.2
..
35.4 d
13.3
20.5
5.2
145
1,027 e
438
..
161,675
1,067
41
..
437 d
755
1,972
16
34.4
38.7 e
39.4
..
44.9
38.5
47.2
..
45.5 d
48.5
43.7
35.6
1.3
14.4 e
8.6
..
6.3
9.9
6.7
..
22.4 d
15.0
18.7
4.8
0.1
0.6 e
0.7
..
4.5
0.2
3.3
..
13.2 d
6.1
5.8
0.3
0.2
3.0
1.5
..
3.0
0.5
5.2
..
19.4
8.8
8.2
0.2
0.0
2.6
2.7
..
7.7
0.5
6.5
..
32.6
11.2
19.8
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.0
..
..
0.0
..
0.2 f
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.6
0.0
0.0
..
..
0.8
..
2.2 f
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.4
0.0
0.0
..
..
0.1
..
2.2 f
1.2
0.0
..
..
0.0
..
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.8
0.9
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
16.6
..
5.9
15.1
..
11.1
0.3
..
..
0.9
..
2.8
..
0.7
..
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.5
..
1.1
..
0.5
0.8
0.3
1.5
..
19.2
0.3
..
0.3
3.6
..
1.6
..
4.1
0.5
0.0
0.5
0.3
0.0
1.0
3.4
9.5
0.1
0.0
..
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.7
0.6
3.5
0.0
14.7
0.1
0.3
0.2
5.9
5.1
3.8
1.3
16.0
1.5
1.0
2.7
..
2.6
20.5
13.8
..
4.9
12.8
47.4
32.7
6.6
3.8
..
5.4
11.1
15.4
21.7
12.4
29.0
14.0
23.6
7.9
19.0
9.9
34.8
36.0
21.4
26.5
45.5
..
15.8
18.1
33.5
3.8
0.0
5.3
2.9
..
9.1
1.2
5.3
..
26.9
12.4
17.7
0.9
0.4
7.0
4.3
..
15.9
10.8
..
5.1
4.8
5.1
14.0
1.5
13.3
15.2
50.5
31.0
2.8
8.1
..
37.8
32.7
35.1
60.1
..
STATISTICAL tables
143
Multidimensional Poverty Index
Share of multidimensional
poor with deprivations in
environmental services
Population in
multidimensional povertya
Population below
income poverty line
Yearb
Valuea
(%)
Population Population
Intensity of vulnerable in severe
deprivation to poverty poverty
(%)
(%)
(thousands)
(%)
2005 (M)
2005 (D)
2008 (D)
2008 (D)
2007 (N)
2006 (M)
2005 (D)
..
2006 (M)
2007 (D)
2006 (D)
2008 (N)
2007 (D)
2007 (M)
2006 (M)
2005 (M)
2002 (D)
2006 (D)
2007 (N)
2003 (W)
2006 (M)
..
2005 (D)
2008 (D)
2009 (D)
2006 (M)
2005 (D)
2007 (D)
2010 (M)
0.065
0.007
0.064
0.024
0.005
0.008
0.053
..
0.021 d
0.187
0.159
0.057
0.095
0.129
0.019
0.068
0.084
0.128
0.048 e
0.127 e
0.059
..
0.283
0.144
0.208
0.267
0.251
0.184
0.119
15.8
1.9
13.4
6.0
0.4
2.3
13.4
..
5.5 d
39.6
32.5
13.4
20.8
30.1
4.9
17.1
17.7
28.0
10.6 e
25.9 e
14.2
..
53.7
31.2
40.6
47.2
52.0
41.4
27.2
402
72
12,083
4,699
52
603
100
..
1,041 d
855
2,281
6,609
48,352
67
249
1,104
14,249
1,538
3,287 e
3,134 e
3,996
..
612,203
7,258
1,600
2,757
6,946
469
197
41.0
36.7
47.4
40.7
37.3
36.2
39.5
..
37.5 d
47.2
48.9
42.3
45.9
42.7
38.8
40.0
47.2
45.7
45.3 e
49.1 e
41.3
..
52.7
46.2
51.2
56.5
48.4
44.5
43.9
20.6
6.4
9.1
7.2
8.8
8.1
6.7
..
7.1 d
23.6
22.0
22.2
12.2
33.5
9.2
23.0
18.5
17.4
12.3 e
9.8 e
14.3
..
16.4
21.6
17.7
14.1
21.3
24.4
17.2
3.2
0.1
5.7
1.0
0.1
0.1
2.1
..
0.5 d
14.7
11.3
2.4
7.6
6.5
0.9
3.1
6.0
11.2
3.3 e
14.5 e
3.1
..
28.6
11.4
22.9
28.1
22.0
13.0
8.5
11.6
0.5
2.9
0.3
0.6
0.6
1.6
..
1.7
14.7
11.9
4.6
10.2
7.9
1.6
10.5
15.3
20.4
4.4
3.7
6.4
..
11.9
12.2
17.2
27.8
28.6
24.0
2.6
13.7
1.0
6.1
1.0
0.2
0.1
4.6
..
1.0
36.4
23.0
9.6
13.2
20.1
1.0
3.4
10.0
27.7
6.5
6.6
5.1
..
48.2
29.9
38.9
38.6
48.3
37.8
16.9
15.7
1.5
11.0
..
0.1
0.9
2.5
..
0.1
37.5
29.6
8.0
15.5
29.5
2.8
10.1
..
27.4
4.9
23.0
2.7
..
51.1
31.0
35.9
47.1
51.6
37.8
22.1
22.4
1.9
22.6
2.0
..
46.3
..
..
1.7
..
23.3
17.4
18.7
..
1.9
21.5
13.1
15.8
2.5
16.9
4.0
21.0
41.6
30.0
54.1
33.9
28.3
62.9
26.2
35.2
29.0
26.5
22.0
21.9
..
..
30.6
..
38.0
60.0
23.0
13.3
..
43.1
47.2
14.5
46.2
9.0
51.0
22.9
26.6
27.5
28.5
50.1
27.6
30.1
69.2
23.2
2009 (D)
2009 (D)
2007 (D)
2007 (D)
2009 (D)
2001 (M)
2000 (M)
2004 (D)
2009 (D)
2008 (D)
2006 (M)
2005 (D)
2008 (D)
2006 (D)
2006 (D)
2007 (M)
2009 (D)
2006 (D)
2006 (M)
2000 (M)
2007 (D)
2006 (M)
2005 (D)
2006 (D)
2006 (M)
2005 (D)
2004 (D)
..
2006 (D)
2005 (D)
0.229
0.154
0.264 e
0.292
0.360
0.452
0.154 e
0.287
0.357
0.367
0.283
0.384
0.310
0.350
0.299
0.352 e
0.156
0.367
0.284
0.408 d
0.328
0.139
0.426
0.412
0.324
0.353
0.381
..
0.180
0.562
47.8
34.5
49.4 e
57.8
68.1
77.4
31.8 e
53.3
66.9
65.2
52.5
66.9
54.1
64.7
56.4
61.7 e
35.3
72.3
54.3
73.9 d
64.2
29.3
80.2
71.8
60.4
61.5
72.1
..
39.7
88.6
18,863
56
81,236 e
83,207
749
11,137
14,297 e
9,149
13,463
27,559
11,176
7,273
81,510
18,008
5,346
1,982 e
759
21,235
3,003
416 d
7,740
241
7,380
5,652
935
11,083
8,993
..
4,974
65,798
48.0
44.7
53.4 e
50.4
52.9
58.4
48.3 e
53.9
53.3
56.3
53.9
57.4
57.3
54.0
53.0
57.1 e
44.1
50.7
52.4
55.2 d
51.2
47.3
53.2
57.4
53.6
57.4
52.8
..
45.3
63.5
27.4
24.3
11.0 e
21.2
18.2
10.7
13.4 e
19.3
17.9
23.0
13.0
11.6
17.8
15.6
18.8
15.1 e
26.7
19.4
21.6
16.0 d
17.2
16.1
14.9
13.2
17.6
15.3
20.0
..
24.0
6.1
19.8
10.7
27.4 e
26.2
38.7
54.8
9.4 e
30.4
35.4
43.7
31.9
44.4
33.9
37.1
32.3
40.7 e
11.1
39.7
28.7
43.8 d
34.8
12.5
50.6
47.2
35.5
39.3
40.4
..
14.8
72.3
30.8
9.4
6.9
2.5
35.7
51.3
25.2
32.5
49.4
47.3
31.9
31.7
35.7
14.4
35.6
45.4
18.4
60.3
33.4
45.0
49.8
6.7
63.5
33.2
20.8
25.0
44.0
..
24.2
53.8
42.6
29.6
32.1
48.2
47.6
68.5
19.1
48.5
66.5
64.1
25.7
51.4
39.6
56.3
52.2
54.5
31.2
69.1
52.9
72.8
57.4
16.3
65.7
69.5
32.1
51.9
71.6
..
31.6
83.7
47.6
31.3
40.5
56.7
67.6
71.0
..
52.5
66.9
65.0
28.4
53.2
52.8
63.4
56.2
53.4
32.8
72.3
54.2
72.3
63.0
8.8
80.2
71.3
60.3
..
72.0
..
39.0
88.3
19.7
28.6
22.6
49.6
37.4
54.3
..
9.6
67.8
67.9
17.5
33.5
64.4
55.1
54.9
21.2
43.4
28.7
38.7
46.1
64.3
18.8
76.8
47.3
34.3
23.8
73.9
..
..
39.0
45.9
53.8
22.3
40.0
49.9
..
..
39.9
68.7
33.4
34.8
50.8
54.7
30.9
77.0
46.3
56.6
24.5
61.7
44.8
59.3
..
58.5
39.0
58.0
42.7
52.4
36.0
72.0
38.9
Multidimensional
Poverty Index
HDI rank
Headcount
Clean
water
(%)
Improved
sanitation
(%)
Modern
fuels
(%)
PPP $1.25
a day
(%)
National
poverty
line
(%)
2000–2009c 2000–2009c
table
5
110
111
112
113
114
115
117
118
119
120
121
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
137
138
139
140
141
Mongolia
Moldova, Republic of
Philippines
Egypt
Occupied Palestinian Territory
Uzbekistan
Guyana
Botswana
Syrian Arab Republic
Namibia
Honduras
South Africa
Indonesia
Vanuatu
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Viet Nam
Nicaragua
Morocco
Guatemala
Iraq
Cape Verde
India
Ghana
Congo
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Cambodia
Swaziland
Bhutan
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
143 Kenya
144 São Tomé and Príncipe
145 Pakistan
146 Bangladesh
147 Timor-Leste
148 Angola
149 Myanmar
150 Cameroon
151 Madagascar
152 Tanzania, United Republic of
154 Yemen
155 Senegal
156 Nigeria
157 Nepal
158 Haiti
159 Mauritania
160 Lesotho
161 Uganda
162 Togo
163 Comoros
164 Zambia
165 Djibouti
166 Rwanda
167 Benin
168 Gambia
170 Côte d'Ivoire
171 Malawi
172 Afghanistan
173 Zimbabwe
174 Ethiopia
144
human development report 2011
Multidimensional Poverty Index
Share of multidimensional
poor with deprivations in
environmental services
Population in
multidimensional povertya
Multidimensional
Poverty Index
HDI rank
Population Population
Intensity of vulnerable in severe
deprivation to poverty poverty
(%)
(%)
(thousands)
(%)
Headcount
Population below
income poverty line
Clean
water
(%)
Improved
sanitation
(%)
Modern
fuels
(%)
PPP $1.25
a day
(%)
National
poverty
line
(%)
Yearb
Valuea
(%)
2006 (D)
..
2005 (D)
2000 (M)
2008 (D)
2006 (M)
2007 (D)
2003 (W)
2009 (D)
2005 (M)
2006 (D)
2007 (D)
0.558
..
0.506
0.512
0.439
0.536
0.485
0.344
0.512
0.530
0.642
0.393
86.6
..
82.5
86.4
77.0
82.6
83.9
62.9
79.3
84.5
92.4
73.2
11,771
..
7,459
3,198
4,321
12,078
2,917
5,758
18,127
6,127
12,437
44,485
64.4
..
61.3
59.3
57.0
64.9
57.7
54.7
64.6
62.7
69.4
53.7
7.6
..
9.3
11.8
13.1
8.6
9.7
28.2
9.5
12.2
4.0
16.1
68.4
..
62.3
55.4
53.2
65.8
57.5
44.1
60.7
61.9
81.8
46.5
43.7
..
37.7
53.6
50.3
43.0
33.5
42.9
44.1
51.6
64.1
55.5
79.5
..
75.6
53.3
71.1
69.6
78.9
58.4
63.2
63.1
89.3
62.0
86.5
..
82.5
86.1
76.9
82.4
83.9
61.3
78.7
84.3
92.3
72.8
51.4
48.8
43.3
62.8
53.4
56.5
83.7
61.9
60.0
81.3
43.1
59.2
47.4
64.7
53.0
62.0
66.4
46.4
63.8
55.0
54.7
66.9
59.5
71.3
2006 (M)
0.514
81.2
6,941
63.3
9.5
65.6
70.0
69.1
81.0
..
..
2000–2009c 2000–2009c
175
176
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
Mali
Guinea-Bissau
Guinea
Central African Republic
Sierra Leone
Burkina Faso
Liberia
Chad
Mozambique
Burundi
Niger
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Somalia
NOTES
a. Not all indicators were available for all countries; caution should thus be used in cross-country comparisons. Where data are missing, indicator weights are adjusted to total 100 percent. For details on
countries missing data, see Alkire and others (2011).
b. D indicates data are from Demographic and Health Surveys, M indicates data are from Multiple
Indicator Cluster Surveys, W indicates data are from World Health Surveys and N indicates data
are from national surveys.
c. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
d. Upper bound estimate.
e. Lower bound estimate.
f. Refers to only part of the country.
DEFINITIONS
Multidimensional Poverty Index: Percentage of the population that is multidimensionally poor adjusted
by the intensity of the deprivations. See Technical note 4 for details on how the Multidimensional Poverty
Index is calculated.
Multidimensional poverty headcount: Percentage of the population with a weighted deprivation score
of at least 33 percent.
Intensity of deprivation of multidimensional poverty: Average percentage of deprivation experienced
by people in multidimensional poverty.
Population vulnerable to poverty: Percentage of the population at risk of suffering multiple
deprivations­—that is, those with a deprivation score of 20–33 percent.
Population in severe poverty: Percentage of the population in severe multidimensional poverty—that
is, those with a deprivation score of 50 percent or more.
Share of multidimensional poor with deprivations in clean water: Percentage of the multidimensionally
poor population without access to clean water that is less than a 30 minute walk from home. Clean water
is defined using the Millennium Development Goal definition and includes piped water into dwelling, plot
table
5
or yard; public tap/standpipe; borehole/tube well; protected dug well; protected spring; rainwater collection; and bottled water (if a secondary available source is also improved). It does not include unprotected
well, unprotected spring, water provided by carts with small tanks/drums, tanker truck-provided water
and bottled water (if secondary source is not an improved source); or surface water taken directly from
rivers, ponds, streams, lakes, dams or irrigation channels.
Share of multidimensional poor with deprivations in improved sanitation: Percentage of the multidimensionally poor population without access to an improved sanitation facility. Improved sanitation facilities are defined using the Millennium Development Goal definition and include flush or pour-flush to piped
sewer system or septic tank, ventilated improved pit latrine, pit latrine with slab and composting toilet.
Facilities are not considered improved when they are shared with other households or open to the public.
Share of multidimensional poor with deprivations in modern fuels: Percentage of the multidimensionally poor population without access to modern fuels. Households are considered deprived of modern
fuels if they cook with wood, charcoal or dung.
Population below PPP $1.25 a day: Percentage of the population living below the international poverty
line $1.25 (in purchasing power parity terms) a day.
Population below national poverty line: Percentage of the population living below the national poverty
line, which is the poverty line deemed appropriate for a country by its authorities. National estimates
are based on population-weighted subgroup estimates from household surveys.
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Columns 1 and 2: Calculated from various household surveys, including ICF Macro Demographic and
Health Surveys, United Nations Children’s Fund Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys and World Health
Organization World Health Surveys conducted between 2000 and 2010.
Columns 3–10: Calculated based on data on household deprivations in education, health and living
standards from various household surveys as listed in column 1.
Columns 11 and 12: World Bank (2011a).
STATISTICAL tables
145
table
6
Environmental sustainability
Composite measures
of sustainability
HDI rank
Environ­
Ecological
mental
Adjusted
footprint performance
net savings (hectares
index
(% of GNI) per capita)
(0–100)
2005–2009b
146
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1 Norway
2 Australia
3 Netherlands
4 United States
5 New Zealand
6 Canada
7 Ireland
8 Liechtenstein
9 Germany
10 Sweden
11 Switzerland
12 Japan
13 Hong Kong, China (SAR)
14 Iceland
15 Korea, Republic of
16 Denmark
17 Israel
18 Belgium
19 Austria
20 France
21 Slovenia
22 Finland
23 Spain
24 Italy
25 Luxembourg
26 Singapore
27 Czech Republic
28 United Kingdom
29 Greece
30 United Arab Emirates
31 Cyprus
32 Andorra
33 Brunei Darussalam
34 Estonia
35 Slovakia
36 Malta
37 Qatar
38 Hungary
39 Poland
40 Lithuania
41 Portugal
42 Bahrain
43 Latvia
44 Chile
45 Argentina
46 Croatia
47 Barbados
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
48 Uruguay
49 Palau
50 Romania
51 Cuba
52 Seychelles
53 Bahamas
54 Montenegro
55 Bulgaria
human development report 2011
primary
energy
supply a
Fossil Renew­
fuels ables
(% of (% of
total) total)
Carbon dioxide
emissions
Natural resource depletion
and biodiversity
Pollution
Green­
house gas
emissions
Urban
Per capita
per capita pollution
(tonnes
(micro­ Natural
of carbon
grams resource
(average
dioxide
per cubic depletion
annual %
(tonnes) growth) equivalent) metre) (% of GNI)
2007
2010
2007
2007
12.8
1.7
11.6
–0.8
8.0
5.8
–1.1
..
11.4
16.0
21.6
12.1
..
4.1
20.0
10.7
12.2
13.2
15.0
7.0
13.6
8.1
9.7
6.1
7.6
33.0
11.3
2.2
–7.9
..
0.4
..
–1.8
14.4
19.8
..
..
4.5
9.7
6.0
–1.8
10.6
20.4
3.2
10.6
12.3
..
5.6
6.8
6.2
8.0
4.9
7.0
6.3
..
5.1
5.9
5.0
4.7
..
..
4.9
8.3
4.8
8.0
5.3
5.0
5.3
6.2
5.4
5.0
9.4
5.3
5.7
4.9
5.4
10.7
..
..
..
7.9
4.1
..
10.5
3.0
4.3
4.7
4.5
..
5.6
3.2
2.6
3.7
..
81.1
65.7
66.4
63.5
73.4
66.4
67.1
..
73.2
86.0
89.1
72.5
..
93.5
57.0
69.2
62.4
58.1
78.1
78.2
65.0
74.7
70.6
73.1
67.8
69.6
71.6
74.2
60.9
40.7
56.3
..
60.8
63.8
74.5
76.3
48.9
69.1
63.1
68.3
73.0
42.0
72.5
73.3
61.0
68.7
..
58.6
94.6
92.5
85.0
66.7
74.9
90.2
..
80.1
33.1
52.7
83.0
94.9
17.1
81.2
80.4
96.6
73.8
71.6
51.0
69.4
48.0
81.7
89.9
88.0
100.0
81.2
90.2
92.8
100.0
96.0
..
100.0
88.3
70.0
99.9
100.0
77.8
93.8
60.8
78.3
100.3
64.3
77.6
89.8
85.1
..
45.3
5.4
4.4
5.4
33.1
17.0
3.8
..
8.9
32.4
20.6
3.4
0.4
82.9
1.5
18.9
4.9
4.2
27.1
7.6
11.2
26.1
7.9
8.2
3.0
0.0
5.4
2.8
5.6
0.0
4.0
..
0.0
12.0
5.7
0.1
0.0
6.3
6.3
9.3
18.3
0.0
30.8
22.1
7.1
8.7
..
10.5
19.0
10.5
17.3
7.8
16.4
9.8
..
9.6
5.3
5.3
9.5
5.5
7.1
10.6
8.4
5.4
9.9
8.1
6.1
8.5
10.7
7.4
7.5
21.9
7.0
11.3
8.5
8.8
34.6
9.9
6.4
27.0
13.6
7.0
6.3
53.5
5.5
8.3
4.5
5.3
29.0
3.4
4.4
4.8
5.3
5.3
6.1
..
18.8
..
..
..
..
6.1
5.1
..
2.7
1.9
..
..
..
4.1
59.1
..
67.0
78.1
..
..
..
62.5
64.9
..
79.4
89.9
..
..
..
76.2
33.2
..
14.1
10.1
..
..
..
5.3
2.5
10.4
4.4
2.8
8.1
6.4
3.1
6.7
Fresh water
with­
drawals
(% of total
renewable
water
resources)
Forest
Endan­
area Change gered
(% of in forest species
area (% of all
land
area)
(%)
species)
2005
2008
2009
2003–2010b 2008 1990–2008 2010
1.0
1.3
–0.1
–0.6
1.2
0.1
1.1
..
..
–2.0
–0.5
0.7
2.6
0.1
5.0
–1.1
–0.1
–0.7
0.5
–0.9
..
0.5
2.0
0.8
–1.6
–0.6
..
–0.8
3.1
–1.8
3.4
..
–2.2
..
..
3.0
–0.6
–0.6
–0.3
..
3.1
2.4
..
1.4
0.9
..
2.9
5.8
9.6
2.4
3.7
10.0
4.7
5.8
..
1.9
2.1
1.2
1.0
0.5
3.3
1.2
2.9
1.1
1.8
1.9
2.3
2.6
3.4
1.7
1.4
3.5
1.4
2.1
1.8
1.4
6.2
1.3
..
17.9
2.3
1.4
0.9
18.0
1.6
2.7
2.5
1.8
4.3
2.3
1.6
3.9
1.5
..
16
14
31
19
12
15
13
17
16
11
22
27
..
14
31
16
28
21
29
13
29
15
28
23
13
31
18
13
32
89
34
17
51
13
13
..
35
16
35
17
21
49
13
62
68
27
38
10.6
5.1
0.8
0.7
0.9
2.3
0.1
..
0.1
0.2
..
0.0
..
..
0.0
1.5
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
..
..
0.3
1.2
0.2
..
..
..
..
0.7
0.3
..
..
0.2
1.0
0.2
0.1
..
0.3
10.0
4.9
0.8
..
0.8
..
11.7
15.6
..
..
..
..
21.0
1.5
..
..
..
0.1
..
10.8
101.9
34.0
..
15.0
3.0
1.5
29.0
..
..
..
14.8
8.8
12.7
2,032.0
19.3
..
..
14.0
1.4
..
455.2
5.4
19.4
9.6
..
219.8
..
..
..
0.6
..
0.5
..
–0.8
0.7
7.4
–2.3
..
–0.2
8.1
..
1.7
1.4
..
..
..
2.0
160
..
12
21
..
..
..
51
0.4
..
1.3
..
..
..
..
1.1
..
..
3.2
..
..
..
..
28.7
2008 1970/2008
32.4
19.7
10.8
33.2
31.5
34.1
10.5
43.1
31.8
68.7
30.8
68.5
..
0.3 c
64.3
12.7
7.1
22.3
47.0
29.0
62.0
72.9
35.7
30.6
33.5
3.3
34.3
11.8
29.8
3.8
18.7
34.0
72.8
52.6
40.2
0.9
0.0
22.4
30.5
34.2
37.7
0.6
53.6
21.7
10.9
34.2
19.4
8.6
–2.2
5.8
2.3
7.3
0.0
55.1
6.2
3.1
3.4
6.9
0.0
..
223.0
–2.1
21.3
17.0
..
2.7
9.1
..
1.2
29.0
18.5
..
0.0
..
9.8
16.5
28.7
7.4
0.0
–7.1
..
..
0.0
0.0
11.6
4.5
..
3.6
145.0
..
5.8
–14.1
..
0.0
7
22
5
21
25
7
7
1
9
5
6
15
9
9
10
6
12
5
11
14
13
4
16
14
2
17
5
10
16
9
8
3
9
3
5
7
8
8
5
4
19
8
4
10
9
13
8
9.5
87.6
28.3
26.3
88.5
51.4
40.4
35.1
79.8
..
2.0
36.1
0.0
0.0
..
14.7
12
13
9
18
18
10
11
9
Environmental sustainability
Composite measures
of sustainability
HDI rank
56 Saudi Arabia
57 Mexico
58 Panama
59 Serbia
60 Antigua and Barbuda
61 Malaysia
62 Trinidad and Tobago
63 Kuwait
64 Libya
65 Belarus
66 Russian Federation
67 Grenada
68 Kazakhstan
69 Costa Rica
70 Albania
71 Lebanon
72 Saint Kitts and Nevis
73 Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
74 Bosnia and Herzegovina
75 Georgia
76 Ukraine
77 Mauritius
78 Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
79 Jamaica
80 Peru
81 Dominica
82 Saint Lucia
83 Ecuador
84 Brazil
85 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
86 Armenia
87 Colombia
88 Iran, Islamic Republic of
89 Oman
90 Tonga
91 Azerbaijan
92 Turkey
93 Belize
94 Tunisia
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
95 Jordan
96 Algeria
97 Sri Lanka
98 Dominican Republic
99 Samoa
100 Fiji
101 China
102 Turkmenistan
103 Thailand
104 Suriname
105 El Salvador
106 Gabon
107 Paraguay
108 Bolivia, Plurinational State of
109 Maldives
110 Mongolia
111 Moldova, Republic of
112 Philippines
113 Egypt
114 Occupied Palestinian Territory
115 Uzbekistan
116 Micronesia, Federated States of
Adjusted
net savings
(% of GNI)
primary
energy
supply a
Environ­
Ecological
mental
Fossil Renew­
footprint performance fuels ables
index
(hectares
(% of (% of
per capita)
(0–100)
total) total)
2005–2009b
–3.9
9.1
28.4
..
..
15.4
–32.4
15.7
..
16.9
–0.8
..
–1.2
15.2
8.2
2.7
..
2.9
..
–7.1
5.6
8.0
11.6
6.9
8.6
..
..
4.4
4.6
–8.8
9.6
5.4
..
–7.9
..
5.4
2.9
9.2
14.6
2007
5.1
3.0
2.9
2.4
..
4.9
3.1
6.3
3.1
3.8
4.4
..
4.5
2.7
1.9
2.9
..
2.9
2.7
1.8
2.9
4.3
5.7
1.9
1.5
..
..
1.9
2.9
..
1.8
1.9
2.7
5.0
..
1.9
2.7
..
1.9
2010
55.3
67.3
71.4
..
69.8
65.0
54.2
51.1
50.1
65.4
61.2
..
57.3
86.4
71.4
57.9
..
62.9
55.9
63.6
58.2
80.6
60.6
58.0
69.3
..
..
69.3
63.4
..
60.4
76.8
60.0
45.9
..
59.1
60.4
69.9
60.6
2007
100.0
88.8
75.7
89.5
..
95.1
99.9
100.0
99.1
92.1
90.9
..
98.8
45.6
63.7
95.4
..
87.6
92.8
66.6
81.8
..
84.2
88.5
76.1
..
..
83.9
52.6
..
73.5
72.7
99.4
100.0
..
98.9
90.6
..
86.3
3.0
..
16.4
0.4
..
3.4
39.7
..
20.5
..
3.7
1.8
5.2
6.2
31.4
24.9
16.2
28.0
3.1
..
..
..
2.1
1.6
1.2
1.5
..
..
2.2
3.9
2.4
..
2.0
1.4
3.2
2.6
..
..
1.4
1.3
1.7
..
1.7
..
56.1
67.4
63.7
68.4
..
65.9
49.0
38.4
62.2
68.2
69.1
56.4
63.5
44.3
65.9
42.8
58.8
65.7
62.0
..
42.3
..
98.0
1.7
99.8
0.2
43.4 56.6
79.2 20.8
..
..
..
..
86.9 12.3
100.7
0.0
80.6 19.3
..
..
38.4 61.6
43.8 56.2
28.2 163.1
82.1 17.9
..
..
96.2
3.3
89.1
2.8
56.9 43.1
96.1
4.0
..
..
98.1
1.9
..
..
2007
0.0
9.9
24.1
10.5
..
5.0
0.1
0.0
0.9
5.5
3.0
..
1.1
54.5
26.2
3.7
..
12.5
9.6
33.7
1.4
..
8.2
11.5
23.9
..
..
15.7
44.5
..
5.2
27.7
0.7
0.0
..
1.5
9.5
..
13.7
Carbon dioxide
emissions
Natural resource depletion
and biodiversity
Pollution
Green­
house gas
emissions Urban
Per capita
per capita pollution
(tonnes
(micro­ Natural
of carbon
grams resource
(average
dioxide
per cubic depletion
annual %
(tonnes) growth) equivalent) metre) (% of GNI)
Fresh water
with­
drawals
(% of total
renewable
water
resources)
Forest
Endan­
area Change gered
(% of in forest species
area (% of all
land
area)
(%)
species)
2008 1970/2008
17.2
2.1
4.4
1.8
2.0
0.9
5.1
..
5.2
–0.7
7.7
4.7
37.3
3.7
26.3
–0.6
9.3
–1.5
6.5
..
12.1
..
2.4
4.4
15.3
..
1.8
2.5
1.3
–0.7
4.1
2.5
4.9
..
6.0
–0.4
8.3
..
1.2
..
7.0
..
3.1
4.4
5.8
..
4.5
1.4
1.4
0.1
1.9
4.4
2.3
3.4
2.0
2.7
2.1
2.0
1.9
4.7
1.8
..
1.5
0.3
7.3
2.2
16.4
11.0
1.7
5.0
5.4
..
3.9
3.2
1.4
0.9
2.5
3.2
2008 1990–2008 2010
0.5 c
0.0
9
33.5
–7.4
17
44.0
–13.6
6
29.6
..
7
22.3
–4.9
8
62.8
–7.8
18
44.4
–5.3
6
0.3 c
70.6
9
0.1 c
0.0
9
42.2
..
4
49.4
..
9
50.0
0.0
10
1.2
..
8
50.1
–0.2
7
28.4
–1.3
15
13.4
4.4
10
42.3
0.0
8
53.1
–9.9
8
42.7
..
10
39.5
..
9
16.7
..
8
17.2
–9.9
18
39.2
..
14
31.2
–1.9
15
53.4
–2.7
8
60.3
–9.6
9
77.0
7.3
9
41.3 –25.7
12
61.9
–8.9
10 d
68.1
4.9
8
9.5
..
7
54.7
–2.9
11
6.8
0.0
9
0.0 c
0.0
9
12.5
0.0
10
11.3
..
8
14.4
14.6
15
61.9
–11.0
6
6.3
51.4
11
3.5
3.2
0.6
2.2
0.9
1.5
5.2
9.5
4.3
4.7
1.0
1.7
0.7
1.3
3.0
4.1
1.3
0.9
2.6
0.5
4.6
0.6
3.3
2.9
1.9
3.1
3.9
1.1
4.6
..
6.3
0.2
2.5
–2.1
2.1
2.1
..
1.6
..
0.8
3.9
..
..
..
2005
2.5
1.7
1.4
2.3
..
2.4
7.8
6.3
2.7
2.4
4.9
..
4.3
0.9
1.1
0.4
..
3.0
1.2
1.4
2.1
..
1.0
0.7
0.9
..
..
1.7
4.0
..
1.3
1.8
2.1
7.1
..
4.7
1.4
..
1.0
2008
104
33
34
..
13
20
105
95
76
7
16
21
15
32
46
36
17
9
19
49
18
18
20
37
51
22
34
20
21
24
69
20
55
94
..
33
37
13
26
2009
28.9
5.4
..
0.4
..
7.9
28.2
..
30.5
0.9
14.5
..
22.0
0.2
1.3
..
..
9.8
1.6
0.1
3.8
0.0
0.1
0.7
5.9
0.0
..
9.9
3.1
..
0.5
6.2
17.9
..
0.0
32.7
0.2
..
4.6
2003–2010b
943.3
17.5
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
28.1
..
..
0.9
2.6
..
26.4
16.1
..
..
..
..
..
0.7
..
36.4
..
67.7
86.6
..
35.2
18.8
..
..
0.5
1.8
0.6
0.9
..
..
1.5
6.7
1.6
..
0.8
6.4
4.1
4.9
..
3.7
1.1
0.8
0.9
..
1.9
..
33
69
74
16
..
19
66
65
55
24
28
7
67
74
29
111
36
19
97
..
40
..
1.1
16.9
0.5
0.5
0.3
..
3.1
30.4
3.2
..
0.5
29.2
..
11.2
..
11.1
0.2
1.0
7.3
..
17.8
..
99.4
..
24.5
..
..
..
19.5
..
13.1
..
..
..
..
..
15.7
..
..
17.0
..
49.9
..
..
1.1
0.6
30.1
40.8
60.4
55.1
21.6
8.8
37.1
94.6
14.3
85.4
45.2
53.4
3.0
7.1
11.5
25.3
0.1 c
1.5
7.7
91.5
0.0
–9.4
–19.6
43.3
31.5
5.7
28.1
..
–3.1
–0.1
–21.5
0.0
–15.2
–7.9
0.0
–11.8
..
15.0
56.4
1.0
..
..
table
6
10
13
19
17
12
15
12
8
14
3
3
6
4
4
10
7
6
19
10
..
7
15
STATISTICAL tables
147
Environmental sustainability
Composite measures
of sustainability
HDI rank
table
6
148
117 Guyana
118 Botswana
119 Syrian Arab Republic
120 Namibia
121 Honduras
122 Kiribati
123 South Africa
124 Indonesia
125 Vanuatu
126 Kyrgyzstan
127 Tajikistan
128 Viet Nam
129 Nicaragua
130 Morocco
131 Guatemala
132 Iraq
133 Cape Verde
134 India
135 Ghana
136 Equatorial Guinea
137 Congo
138 Lao People’s Democratic Republic
139 Cambodia
140 Swaziland
141 Bhutan
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
142 Solomon Islands
143 Kenya
144 São Tomé and Príncipe
145 Pakistan
146 Bangladesh
147 Timor-Leste
148 Angola
149 Myanmar
150 Cameroon
151 Madagascar
152 Tanzania, United Republic of
153 Papua New Guinea
154 Yemen
155 Senegal
156 Nigeria
157 Nepal
158 Haiti
159 Mauritania
160 Lesotho
161 Uganda
162 Togo
163 Comoros
164 Zambia
165 Djibouti
166 Rwanda
167 Benin
168 Gambia
169 Sudan
170 Côte d'Ivoire
171 Malawi
172 Afghanistan
173 Zimbabwe
174 Ethiopia
175 Mali
176 Guinea-Bissau
177 Eritrea
Adjusted
net savings
(% of GNI)
2005–2009b
–0.4
9.6
–14.1
21.9
9.5
..
0.4
11.0
12.4
9.4
6.2
16.6
3.4
25.0
4.0
..
..
24.1
–4.7
..
–44.7
17.8
13.0
–0.9
..
–3.7
13.1
..
10.7
27.1
..
–29.2
..
6.8
3.9
13.5
..
..
7.8
..
29.1
..
..
24.4
8.6
..
..
1.4
..
8.8
4.1
12.9
–7.1
7.3
..
..
..
8.3
13.5
..
..
human development report 2011
primary
energy
supply a
Environ­
Ecological
mental
Fossil Renew­
footprint performance fuels ables
index
(hectares
(% of (% of
per capita)
(0–100)
total) total)
Carbon dioxide
emissions
Natural resource depletion
and biodiversity
Pollution
Green­
house gas
emissions Urban
Per capita
per capita pollution
(tonnes
(micro­ Natural
of carbon
grams resource
(average
dioxide
per cubic depletion
annual %
(tonnes) growth) equivalent) metre) (% of GNI)
2007
..
2.7
1.5
2.2
1.9
..
2.3
1.2
..
1.2
1.0
1.4
1.6
1.2
1.8
1.3
..
0.9
1.8
..
1.0
1.3
1.0
1.5
..
2010
59.2
41.3
64.6
59.3
49.9
..
50.8
44.6
..
59.7
51.3
59.0
57.1
65.6
54.0
41.0
..
48.3
51.3
41.9
54.0
59.6
41.7
54.4
68.0
2007
..
67.2
98.7
71.6
54.1
..
87.2
65.6
..
69.2
42.3
54.0
38.5
93.6
42.9
99.4
..
71.1
27.8
..
43.5
..
29.7
..
..
2007
..
22.3
1.3
18.1
45.9
..
10.5
34.4
..
32.4
54.7
45.6
61.5
3.9
57.2
0.2
..
28.1
72.5
..
53.7
..
69.7
..
..
2008 1970/2008
2.0
–0.3
2.5
..
3.4
3.1
1.9
..
1.2
2.2
0.3
–0.8
8.8
0.7
1.8
4.8
0.4
–0.4
1.1
..
0.5
..
1.5
2.1
0.8
0.7
1.5
3.1
0.9
1.9
3.4
1.0
0.6
4.1
1.5
3.8
0.4
0.5
7.3
11.3
0.6
0.7
0.3
0.5
0.3
1.8
1.0
0.4
1.1
12.5
..
1.1
..
0.8
0.6
0.4
1.0
1.8
1.0
1.8
1.2
2.1
0.9
1.1
1.4
3.6
0.7
2.6
1.1
1.5
1.0
..
0.9
..
1.0
1.2
3.4
1.7
1.0
0.7
0.6
1.2
1.1
1.9
1.0
0.9
51.1
51.4
57.3
48.0
44.0
..
36.3
51.3
44.6
49.2
47.9
44.3
48.3
42.3
40.2
68.2
39.5
33.7
..
49.8
36.4
..
47.0
60.5
44.6
39.6
50.3
47.1
54.3
51.4
..
47.8
43.1
39.4
44.7
54.6
..
16.2
..
61.8
68.4
..
33.5
31.0
23.9
..
10.6
..
99.0
57.3
18.3
10.9
28.3
..
..
..
14.3
..
7.5
..
..
37.1
..
31.2
25.0
..
..
26.1
6.7
..
..
19.9
..
83.8
..
37.7
31.6
..
66.5
69.0
76.1
..
89.4
..
1.0
42.4
81.7
89.1
71.7
..
..
..
83.4
..
92.3
..
..
61.0
..
68.8
75.5
..
..
69.1
93.3
..
..
80.1
0.4
0.3
0.8
0.9
0.3
0.2
1.4
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.1
0.3
1.0
0.4
0.6
0.1
0.3
0.6
..
0.1
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.6
0.1
0.5
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.1
0.0
0.7
0.1
0.0
0.2
0.1
1.0
–0.2
3.8
2.2
..
..
2.2
1.0
3.1
–0.8
0.3
0.5
..
0.7
1.3
4.7
3.1
1.4
..
–0.9
1.4
..
–4.7
–0.8
4.2
4.1
2.2
0.1
–0.9
–0.8
–3.5
–2.0
0.7
0.2
1.2
..
Fresh water
with­
drawals
(% of total
renewable
water
resources)
Forest
Endan­
area Change gered
(% of in forest species
area (% of all
land
area)
(%)
species)
2008 1990–2008 2010
77.2
0.0
3
20.4
–15.5
2
2.6
28.8
13
9.0
–15.1
5
48.5 –33.2
7
15.0
0.0
14
7.6
0.0
15
52.9 –19.2
16
36.1
0.0
14
4.8
..
6
2.9
..
6
43.6
44.3
12
27.0
–27.9
4
11.5
1.2
16
35.2 –20.6
8
1.9
2.6
9
21.0
46.1
13
22.9
6.6
13
22.7 –30.6
5
58.8
–11.3
6
65.7
–1.3
4
68.9
–8.1
9
58.6 –20.0
13
32.2
17.4
2
84.1
6.3
7
2005
..
4.1
0.9
4.4
1.2
..
1.9
1.5
..
1.0
0.9
1.3
1.7
0.5
1.1
0.7
..
0.7
0.6
..
2.7
..
1.9
..
..
2008
22
69
69
48
42
..
22
72
15
26
43
53
23
27
60
138
..
59
24
7
68
39
41
35
22
2009
3.4
2.8
10.2
0.3
0.4
..
5.4
6.5
..
0.5
0.2
7.2
0.8
1.4
1.2
45.7
..
4.2
6.9
66.0
50.6
..
0.2
0.1
5.3
2003–2010b
..
..
99.8
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
9.3
..
..
..
..
..
40.1
..
..
..
..
0.5
..
0.4
..
0.9
..
1.1
0.7
..
5.1
2.2
1.6
..
1.4
..
0.5
1.0
1.1
1.0
0.6
..
..
..
0.8
..
3.8
..
..
0.9
..
3.0
1.0
..
..
1.3
1.1
..
..
0.8
26
30
29
109
134
..
55
46
47
33
22
18
67
81
46
32
35
68
46
12
29
34
..
49
26
45
62
159
32
35
37
..
59
112
47
71
10.9
1.2
1.0
3.1
2.6
..
29.1
..
4.8
0.2
2.5
19.9
13.2
0.3
15.0
4.2
..
18.8
1.4
4.7
3.6
1.0
11.5
0.3
2.4
1.2
1.0
11.1
3.1
0.9
..
3.5
4.5
..
..
0.8
..
8.9
..
81.5
3.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
9.2
79.5
6.1
28.1
2.3
11.1
51.4
47.1
49.6
43.1
21.8
38.6
64.1
1.0
44.4
10.8
25.4
3.7
0.2 c
1.4
16.1
6.0
2.0
67.0
0.2 c
16.8
42.1
47.6
29.5
32.7
35.1
2.1
42.1
12.6
10.4
72.6
15.3
–4.3
–5.9
0.0
–29.8
–3.1
–20.9
–3.7
–17.4
–16.3
–7.5
–17.5
–8.0
0.0
–8.5
–42.8
–24.5
–11.6
–39.3
9.0
–33.4
–52.3
–68.3
–5.7
0.0
30.5
–19.1
7.8
–8.3
1.8
–15.2
0.0
–26.6
..
–10.1
–7.9
..
17
8
..
9
9
5
4
8
11
23
12
12
10
6
7
6
19
7
3
7
4
13
3
9
6
4
4
5
7
9
5
3
7
2
5
8
Environmental sustainability
Composite measures
of sustainability
HDI rank
178 Guinea
179 Central African Republic
180 Sierra Leone
181 Burkina Faso
182 Liberia
183 Chad
184 Mozambique
185 Burundi
186 Niger
187 Congo, Democratic Republic of the
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea, Democratic People’s Rep. of
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
Tuvalu
Human Development Index groups
Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development
Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Least developed countries
Small island developing states
World
Adjusted
net savings
(% of GNI)
2005–2009b
–4.2
..
1.2
2.3
–18.3
..
2.0
–6.8
16.2
..
primary
energy
supply a
Environ­
Ecological
mental
Fossil Renew­
footprint performance fuels ables
index
(hectares
(% of (% of
per capita)
(0–100)
total) total)
Carbon dioxide
emissions
Green­
house gas
emissions Urban
Per capita
per capita pollution
(tonnes
(micro­ Natural
of carbon
grams resource
(average
dioxide
per cubic depletion
annual %
(tonnes) growth) equivalent) metre) (% of GNI)
2007
1.7
1.3
1.1
1.3
1.3
1.7
0.8
0.9
2.3
0.8
2010
44.4
33.3
32.1
47.3
..
40.8
51.2
43.9
37.6
51.6
2007
..
..
..
..
..
..
7.3
..
..
4.0
2007
..
..
..
..
..
..
95.9
..
..
96.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
1.3
..
..
..
..
1.4
..
41.8
..
..
..
..
..
..
88.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
11.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
3.3
1.6
..
14.2
..
0.1
..
6.6
5.0
27.2
..
5.9
3.1
1.6
1.2
68.2
63.5
50.3
46.3
81.9
81.2
77.3
..
7.2
15.9
22.2
..
..
..
4.7
6.2
22.9
4.7
..
..
18.3
2.1
..
3.5
2.6
1.0
1.3
1.2
..
2.4
56.4
..
60.4
65.2
49.0
45.7
46.7
..
54.4
88.9
..
87.7
69.2
69.8
..
..
..
72.3
10.9
..
6.7
30.4
29.7
..
..
..
25.1
NOTES
a. The sum of the shares of fossil fuels and renewable energy resources may be greater than 100
percent because some countries generate more electricity than they consume and export the excess.
b. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
c. Less than 1 percent.
d. For certain amphibian species endemic to Brazil, there was not time for the Global Amphibian Assessment (GAA) Coordinating Team and the experts on the species in Brazil to reach agreement on
the Red List Categories. The data for amphibians included in the data displayed here are those that
were agreed at the GAA Brazil workshop in April 2003. However, a subsequent GAA check found
that many of the assessments were inconsistent with the approach adopted elsewhere in the world,
and a “consistent Red List Category” was also assigned to these species. Therefore, data displayed
here may not match data in the Global Species Assessment.
DEFINITIONS
Adjusted net savings: Rate of savings in an economy that takes into account investments in human
capital, depletion of natural resources and damage caused by pollution (including particulate emissions),
expressed as a percentage of gross national income (GNI). A negative value implies an unsustainable path.
Ecological footprint: Amount of biologically productive land and sea area that a country requires to
produce the resources it consumes and to absorb the waste it generates.
Environmental performance index: Index comprising 25 performance indicators across 10 policy categories covering both environmental public health and ecosystem vitality.
Primary energy supply, fossil fuels: Percentage of total energy supply that comes from natural resources
formed from biomass in the geological past (such as coal, oil and natural gas).
Primary energy supply, renewables: Percentage of total energy supply that comes from constantly
replenished natural processes, including solar, wind, biomass, geothermal, hydropower and ocean resources and some waste. Nuclear energy is not included.
Carbon dioxide emissions, per capita: Human-originated carbon dioxide emissions stemming from
the burning of fossil fuels, gas flaring and the production of cement, divided by midyear population.
Greenhouse gas emissions per capita: Emissions from methane, nitrous oxide and other greenhouse
gases, including hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride, divided by midyear population. Carbon dioxide emissions are not included.
Natural resource depletion
and biodiversity
Pollution
2008 1970/2008
0.1
–0.9
0.1
–1.2
0.3
–0.6
0.1
3.9
0.1
–5.0
0.0
0.2
0.1
–2.7
0.0
1.9
0.1
1.0
0.0
–3.3
2009
6.6
0.0
2.1
1.6
11.0
25.2
3.8
10.6
1.2
10.7
Fresh water
with­
drawals
(% of total
renewable
water
resources)
Forest
Endan­
area Change gered
(% of in forest species
area (% of all
land
area)
(%)
species)
2003–2010b
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2008 1990–2008 2010
26.9
–8.9
8
36.4
–2.3
1
38.6
–11.3
7
21.1
–15.7
3
45.6
–11.0
8
9.3 –10.9
3
50.2
–9.1
7
6.8 –39.2
5
1.0 –36.8
3
68.3
–3.5
6
2005
..
..
..
..
..
..
1.1
..
..
1.9
2008
53
34
38
64
31
81
26
31
96
40
–1.2
..
..
..
..
0.5
..
1.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
59
..
..
..
8
31
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
22.4
..
49.2
70.2
..
0.0
0.0
11.0
33.3
–27.8
..
..
0.0
0.0
–16.7
0.0
9
12
8
14
0
7
15
11.3
5.9
3.2
0.4
0.3
1.8
3.9
0.6
2.7
2.9
1.2
..
24
30
61
69
0.8
8.7
4.4
8.7
..
..
..
..
5.8
10.2
2.9
1.6
1.2
–3.4
8.3
–13.9
14
11
13
8
4.6
4.2
7.8
2.9
1.5
0.9
0.2
2.6
4.4
2.3
4.2
..
1.5
3.4
0.2
0.1
1.9
2.5
1.5
..
2.9
2.7
0.8
..
..
..
1.7
89
..
25
33
70
43
68
..
52
..
..
6.8
..
6.2
9.8
10.0
..
2.4
..
..
..
..
30.1
..
..
..
..
1.1
8.5
24.3
12.2
5.5
1.6
2.0
14.2
1.7
1.8
12.6
..
–7.5
–1.3
–13.8
–12.2
1.1
–1.2
10
13
9
11
12
7
8
15
12
table
6
Urban pollution: Particulate matter concentrations in terms of fine suspended particulates of humanmade or natural origin less than 10 microns (PM10) in diameter that are capable of penetrating deep into
the respiratory tract. Data are urban population–weighted PM10 levels in residential areas of cities with
more than 100,000 residents. The estimates represent the average annual exposure level of an urban
resident to outdoor particulate matter.
Natural resource depletion: Monetary expression of energy, mineral and forest depletion, expressed
as a percentage of total gross national income (GNI).
Fresh water withdrawals: Total fresh water withdrawn in a given year, expressed as a percentage of
total renewable water resources.
Forest area: Percentage of total land area spanning more than 0.5 hectares with trees higher than 5
metres and a canopy cover of more than 10 percent, or trees able to reach these thresholds, unless under
agricultural or urban land use.
Change in forest area: Percentage change in area under forest cover.
Endangered species: Percentage of animal species (including mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish
and invertebrates) classified as either critically endangered, endangered or vulnerable by the International
Union for the Conservation of Nature.
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Columns 1 and 9: World Bank (2011a).
Column 2: Global Footprint Network (2010).
Column 3: Emerson and others (2010).
Columns 4 and 5: HDRO calculations based on data on total primary energy supply from IEA (2011).
Columns 6 and 7: HDRO calculations based on data from Boden, Marland and Andres (2009).
Column 8: HDRO calculations based on data from World Bank (2011a) and UNDESA (2011).
Column 10: HDRO calculations based on World Bank (2011a).
Column 11: FAO (2011a).
Columns 12 and 13: HDRO calculations based on data on forest and total land area from FAO (2011a).
Column 14: IUCN (2010).
STATISTICAL tables
149
table
7
Human development effects of environmental threats
Impact of natural
disasters
Population under
age 5 suffering from
HDI rank
Stunting
(%)
Wasting
(%)
2000–2009a
2000–2009a
2001/2010
..
..
..
3.9
..
..
..
..
1.3
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
4.4
2.6
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
2.0
8.2
..
..
..
..
..
1.3
..
..
..
..
1.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
3.3
2.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.5
2.3
..
..
0
3
12
1
0
0
0b
..
12
0
14
1
0
..
1
0
1
20
4
34
15
0
33
33
34
..
5
1
1
..
0
..
..
0
2
..
..
7
3
1
26
..
3
1
0
18
0
13.9
..
12.8
4.6
..
..
6.0
..
3.5
3.9
..
..
1
..
3
0
0
4
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1 Norway
2 Australia
3 Netherlands
4 United States
5 New Zealand
6 Canada
7 Ireland
8 Liechtenstein
9 Germany
10 Sweden
11 Switzerland
12 Japan
13 Hong Kong, China (SAR)
14 Iceland
15 Korea, Republic of
16 Denmark
17 Israel
18 Belgium
19 Austria
20 France
21 Slovenia
22 Finland
23 Spain
24 Italy
25 Luxembourg
26 Singapore
27 Czech Republic
28 United Kingdom
29 Greece
30 United Arab Emirates
31 Cyprus
32 Andorra
33 Brunei Darussalam
34 Estonia
35 Slovakia
36 Malta
37 Qatar
38 Hungary
39 Poland
40 Lithuania
41 Portugal
42 Bahrain
43 Latvia
44 Chile
45 Argentina
46 Croatia
47 Barbados
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
48 Uruguay
49 Palau
50 Romania
51 Cuba
52 Seychelles
53 Bahamas
150
Number of
Population
affected
deaths
(average
(average
annual per
annual per
million people) million people)
human development report 2011
Deaths due to
Water
pollution
(per million
people)
Indoor air
pollution
(per million
people)
Outdoor air
pollution
(per million
people)
Malaria
(per million
people)
Dengue
(per million
people)
Population
living on
degraded
land
(%)
2001/2010
2004
2004
2004
2009
2001–2010a
2010
33
1,378
0b
6,689
175
54
11
..
404
0
77
709
271
..
1,158
0
270
31
735
891
52
7
14
29
0
..
2,098
617
112
..
4
..
..
7
212
..
..
467
318
0
1,418
..
0
3,051
1,790
59
1,968
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
12
8
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0b
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0b
..
65
35
203
138
0b
85
0b
..
124
56
109
196
..
0b
152
111
216
203
147
81
150
19
136
137
..
264
167
189
224
55
197
..
..
74
74
..
0b
208
162
204
190
0b
0b
149
342
225
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.0
..
..
..
0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
5
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0
0
..
0
0.2 b
9.0
5.4
1.1
5.3
2.7
0.5 b
..
8.1
0.3 b
0.5 b
0.3 b
..
..
2.9
8.5
12.9
10.5
2.7
3.9
8.4
0.0 b
1.4
2.2
..
..
4.2
2.7
1.1
1.9
11.4
..
..
5.0
9.1
..
0.1 b
17.1
13.2
4.8
2.3
..
1.8
1.1
1.7
17.5
..
..
..
..
18
..
..
0b
..
18
53
..
..
422
..
439
160
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.0
0
49
..
0
..
0
5.7
..
13.5
17.0
..
..
4,548
..
764
87,392
7,860
5,979
Human development effects of environmental threats
Impact of natural
disasters
Population under
age 5 suffering from
HDI rank
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Saudi Arabia
Mexico
Panama
Serbia
Antigua and Barbuda
Malaysia
Trinidad and Tobago
Kuwait
Libya
Belarus
Russian Federation
Grenada
Kazakhstan
Costa Rica
Albania
Lebanon
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Georgia
Ukraine
Mauritius
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Jamaica
Peru
Dominica
Saint Lucia
Ecuador
Brazil
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Armenia
Colombia
Iran, Islamic Republic of
Oman
Tonga
Azerbaijan
Turkey
Belize
Tunisia
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
95 Jordan
96 Algeria
97 Sri Lanka
98 Dominican Republic
99 Samoa
100 Fiji
101 China
102 Turkmenistan
103 Thailand
104 Suriname
105 El Salvador
106 Gabon
107 Paraguay
108 Bolivia, Plurinational State of
109 Maldives
110 Mongolia
111 Moldova, Republic of
112 Philippines
Number of
Population
affected
deaths
(average
(average
annual per
annual per
million people) million people)
Deaths due to
Water
pollution
(per million
people)
Indoor air
pollution
(per million
people)
Outdoor air
pollution
(per million
people)
Malaria
(per million
people)
Dengue
(per million
people)
Population
living on
degraded
land
(%)
2004
2004
2004
2009
Stunting
(%)
Wasting
(%)
2000–2009a
2000–2009a
2001/2010
2001/2010
2001–2010a
2010
7.9
8.8
9.3
15.5
19.1
8.1
..
..
5.3
..
21.0
4.5
..
..
17.5
..
27.0
16.5
..
15.6
11.8
14.7
22.9
..
11.5
3.7
29.8
..
..
29.0
7.1
..
18.2
16.2
..
..
..
26.8
15.6
22.2
9.0
2.2
1.6
5.3
3.4
3.9
1.8
..
..
4.4
..
5.6
1.3
..
..
4.9
..
6.6
4.2
..
3.7
1.6
2.3
4.1
..
1.8
2.2
5.4
..
..
6.2
2.2
..
4.2
5.1
..
..
..
8.4
3.5
4.9
3.3
0
1
1
1
2
0
0
0
0
..
..
0
40
38
1
2
0
0b
..
1
0
0b
2
0
2
3
6
7
6
1
1
4
0
4
1
5
0
0
0
13
0
1,249
179
86
7,097
3,612
213
34,720
1,573
131
..
..
19
1,332
59,003
442
7,367
19,215
414
..
704
10,673
94
1,421
81
53,874
15,757
20,752
11,372
1,721
3,769
3,440
918
0
14,482
2,156
722
15,857
1,159
224
28,239
320
..
..
..
43
63
..
0
35
..
..
..
..
5
..
193
24
32
50
..
61
..
89
2
..
..
75
92
..
..
83
137
..
33
50
..
..
..
212
97
..
82
..
0b
..
41
63
..
..
0b
0b
..
0b
10
4
..
7
47
0b
..
..
8
0b
44
6
..
0b
188
37
..
..
0b
58
..
131
57
4
..
..
130
51
..
10
..
437
108
88
63
..
..
23
0b
137
318
..
231
..
159
47
64
100
..
..
79
288
305
80
148
75
117
..
..
38
74
0b
882
61
132
126
..
177
299
..
82
..
..
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
..
0.0
..
..
..
..
0.0 c
..
..
0.2
..
..
..
0.0
..
0.0
..
..
..
0.0
0.1
..
..
0.0
0.4
..
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.7
..
0.0
0.0 c
0.0
..
..
..
..
0
0
..
0
4
9
..
..
..
..
0
..
0
..
..
0
0
..
..
..
..
..
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
..
0
..
..
..
..
..
0
..
8.0
7.8
4.3
3.8
4.1
18.5
..
1.2
..
0.6
8.5
4.7
3.1
..
23.5
1.3
5.7
1.2
..
1.9
6.1
1.9
6.2
..
7.1
3.3
0.7
..
..
1.6
7.9
..
9.6
2.0
25.1
5.8
..
3.8
5.5
1.1
36.7
12.0
15.9
17.3
10.1
..
..
21.8
..
15.7
..
24.6
26.3
..
27.1
31.9
27.5
11.3
33.8
3.6
3.7
21.1
3.4
..
..
6.8
..
7.0
..
6.1
8.8
..
4.3
25.7
5.3
3.2
20.7
0
4
2
9
5
8
1
..
2
1
7
0
0
5
0
4
1
10
0
564
22,652
3,480
0
10,511
93,151
..
58,220
6,013
9,436
149
7,307
18,429
522
59,135
6,532
48,370
77
247
41
142
..
0b
42
532
121
0b
116
298
86
378
0b
199
0b
182
..
12
219
33
0b
0b
422
..
159
..
50
74
52
145
0b
119
78
86
134
65
51
88
..
..
230
170
61
..
50
..
86
111
0b
..
261
54
..
0.0
0.0
1.4
..
..
0.0 c
0.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
133.3
0.0
0.0
..
..
..
0.3
..
..
2
1
..
0
0
..
1
0
0
..
1
0
0
..
..
5
22.0
28.8
21.1
7.0
..
..
8.6
11.1
17.0
..
6.3
..
1.3
2.0
..
31.5
21.8
2.2
STATISTICAL tables
table
7
151
Human development effects of environmental threats
Impact of natural
disasters
Population under
age 5 suffering from
HDI rank
table
7
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
Deaths due to
Water
pollution
(per million
people)
Indoor air
pollution
(per million
people)
Outdoor air
pollution
(per million
people)
Malaria
(per million
people)
Dengue
(per million
people)
Population
living on
degraded
land
(%)
2004
2004
Stunting
(%)
Wasting
(%)
2000–2009a
2000–2009a
2001/2010
2001/2010
30.7
..
19.6
..
18.2
29.1
28.6
29.6
29.9
..
..
40.1
..
18.1
33.1
30.5
18.8
23.1
54.3
27.5
..
47.9
28.6
35.0
31.2
47.6
39.5
29.5
37.5
6.8
..
4.4
..
10.8
10.7
10.0
17.5
8.6
..
..
19.6
..
2.7
14.9
20.2
4.3
9.9
17.7
7.1
..
43.5
14.3
10.6
11.8
31.6
28.8
6.1
12.0
0
0
0
43
5
0
1
7
4
0
1
2
2
2
3
3
7
1
14
0
1
2
1
..
0
1
1
0
2
5
12
5
7,771
54,311
499
6,371
40,481
13,628
85
30,398
1,364
24,519
37,899
47,642
19,794
11,487
419
26,888
226
6,048
41,245
2,925
..
2,102
15,096
34,829
117,337
0
137
..
335
0b
269
486
89
98
178
..
260
141
0b
259
751
72
168
140
314
879
214
405
961
1,187
435
406
826
456
467
32.8
35.8
29.3
41.5
43.2
55.7
50.8
40.6
36.4
52.8
44.4
43.9
57.7
20.1
41.0
49.3
29.7
24.2
45.2
38.7
26.9
46.9
45.8
32.6
51.7
44.7
27.6
37.9
40.1
53.2
11.5
16.5
13.1
31.3
41.3
40.6
27.5
29.6
16.6
36.8
16.7
18.1
43.1
14.5
26.7
38.8
18.9
16.7
16.6
16.4
20.5
25.0
14.9
29.6
18.0
20.2
15.8
31.7
16.7
15.5
4
2
..
3
6
0
2
290
0
5
0
4
2
0
0
7
66
1
0
2
1
0
1
6
1
1
1
1
0
4
4,672
27,446
..
18,218
47,203
1,177
4,989
6,551
204
17,121
13,270
3,987
135
7,377
1,295
9,738
12,565
41,693
45,203
9,460
4,972
381
32,196
82,450
9,919
12,662
4,106
13,909
96
64,924
219
683
665
380
469
308
3,014
432
1,066
1,175
865
471
734
1,219
1,304
520
619
776
195
988
908
479
1,135
630
1,854
1,271
753
477
1,246
1,459
Egypt
Occupied Palestinian Territory
Uzbekistan
Micronesia, Federated States of
Guyana
Botswana
Syrian Arab Republic
Namibia
Honduras
Kiribati
South Africa
Indonesia
Vanuatu
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Viet Nam
Nicaragua
Morocco
Guatemala
Iraq
Cape Verde
India
Ghana
Equatorial Guinea
Congo
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Cambodia
Swaziland
Bhutan
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
142 Solomon Islands
143 Kenya
144 São Tomé and Príncipe
145 Pakistan
146 Bangladesh
147 Timor-Leste
148 Angola
149 Myanmar
150 Cameroon
151 Madagascar
152 Tanzania, United Republic of
153 Papua New Guinea
154 Yemen
155 Senegal
156 Nigeria
157 Nepal
158 Haiti
159 Mauritania
160 Lesotho
161 Uganda
162 Togo
163 Comoros
164 Zambia
165 Djibouti
166 Rwanda
167 Benin
168 Gambia
169 Sudan
170 Côte d'Ivoire
171 Malawi
152
Number of
Population
affected
deaths
(average
(average
annual per
annual per
million people) million people)
human development report 2011
2004
2009
2001–2010a
2010
8
..
241
..
0b
270
39
49
119
..
68
202
0b
418
516
289
131
17
113
23
0b
435
308
..
290
459
500
274
311
213
..
148
..
..
0b
100
0b
89
..
23
144
..
80
47
81
19
30
40
387
0b
107
33
..
145
0b
23
0b
..
0.0 c
..
0.0
..
0.0
3.0
0.0
20.5
0.1
..
0.9
3.8
8.6
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.0 c
0.0
0.0
4.1
0.9
141.8
33.8
29.4
0.8
20.0
11.1
5.6
..
..
..
..
0
..
..
..
1
..
..
5
..
..
..
1
2
..
0
..
..
0
..
..
..
1
1
..
0
25.3
..
27.0
..
..
22.0
33.3
28.5
15.0
..
17.5
3.1
..
9.7
10.5
8.0
13.9
39.1
9.1
4.5
..
9.6
1.4
..
0.1 b
4.1
39.3
..
0.1 b
219
412
0b
360
356
..
2,099
393
664
732
500
269
335
595
699
326
402
405
98
716
605
160
777
0b
1,387
770
411
371
705
1,042
..
17
..
192
68
..
169
96
128
35
32
..
55
170
136
30
65
67
0b
4
38
0b
98
252
33
54
137
141
51
48
101.1
0.0
141.5
0.0
0.3
48.2
567.5
20.4
257.8
8.6
18.8
90.1
1.6
47.4
48.7
0.3
0.0
26.9
..
194.5
263.6
0.0
303.5
0.0
78.5
159.9
142.7
32.9
938.3
451.9
..
..
..
..
0
35
..
3
..
..
..
0
..
..
..
0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
31.0
..
4.5
11.3
..
3.3
19.2
15.3
0.0 b
25.0
..
32.4
16.2
11.5
2.3
15.2
23.8
63.6
23.5
5.1
..
4.6
7.5
10.1
1.6
17.9
39.9
1.3
19.4
Human development effects of environmental threats
Impact of natural
disasters
Population under
age 5 suffering from
HDI rank
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
Afghanistan
Zimbabwe
Ethiopia
Mali
Guinea-Bissau
Eritrea
Guinea
Central African Republic
Sierra Leone
Burkina Faso
Liberia
Chad
Mozambique
Burundi
Niger
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea, Democratic People’s Rep. of
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
Tuvalu
Human Development Index groups
Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development
Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Least developed countries
Small island developing states
World
Number of
Population
affected
deaths
(average
(average
annual per
annual per
million people) million people)
Deaths due to
Water
pollution
(per million
people)
Indoor air
pollution
(per million
people)
Outdoor air
pollution
(per million
people)
Malaria
(per million
people)
Dengue
(per million
people)
Population
living on
degraded
land
(%)
Stunting
(%)
Wasting
(%)
2000–2009a
2000–2009a
2001/2010
2001/2010
2001–2010a
2010
11
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
3
1
0
2
1
2
0
0
9,799
78,319
35,049
11,678
12,575
32,492
3,355
1,696
361
2,723
924
33,141
25,059
29,916
96,596
325
2004
2,023
302
998 b
1,198
1,268
440
641
759
2,181
1,197
1,261
1,013
548
1,449
2,192
1,356
2009
32.9
14.0
34.6
27.9
17.2
34.5
20.8
21.8
21.3
37.4
20.4
33.9
21.2
38.9
39.9
28.2
2004
2,499
532
1,546
1,769
2,088
741
1,080
1,088
3,271
1,733
2,134
1,509
840
2,088
3,212
1,924
2004
59.3
35.8
50.7
38.5
28.1
43.7
40.0
44.6
37.4
44.5
39.4
44.8
47.0
63.1
54.8
45.8
15
48
34
78
149
46
67
0b
141
87
32
84
44
43
80
72
1.0
1.1
13.8
156.3
248.6
4.5
60.0
154.5
302.1
499.4
444.7
20.2
163.9
87.4
144.2
329.7
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
11.0
29.4
72.3
59.5
1.0
58.8
0.8
..
..
73.2
..
45.4
1.9
18.5
25.0
0.1 b
43.1
..
..
..
..
42.1
10.0
20.6
..
..
..
..
32.8
1.6
5
0
..
..
..
2
..
7,513
1,110
..
..
..
69,471
..
191
..
..
..
..
2,068
..
..
..
..
..
..
1,383
..
242
..
..
..
..
36
..
0.0
..
..
..
..
4.9
..
..
0
..
..
..
..
..
2.9
..
..
..
..
26.3
..
..
..
35.7
43.8
..
..
24.7
28.3
8
7
2
14
2,331
4,890
54,444
19,221
..
..
212
1,035
..
..
357
696
150
159
156
91
..
..
1.8
92.5
..
..
..
..
3.2
7.4
10.0
18.8
29.8
..
..
15.8
46.8
42.9
45.5
..
..
15.2
..
..
4.4
41.2
24.5
29.6
..
..
1
9
13
3
2
1
20
16
6
4,529
69,648
2,357
8,741
36,336
16,966
23,357
25,300
32,575
..
84
..
104
443
1,286
1,151
..
..
..
..
..
..
424
798
794
..
..
146
..
240
103
109
70
63
..
145
..
..
..
0.2
0.7
143.7
99.0
..
..
..
..
..
0
0
..
..
..
..
24.9
..
8.6
5.3
9.9
22.1
23.3
..
10.1
NOTES
a. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
b. Less than 1.
c. Less than 0.05.
DEFINITIONS
Population under age 5 suffering from stunting: Percentage of children under age 5 falling two standard
deviations or more below the median height-for-age of the reference population.
Population under age 5 suffering from wasting: Percentage of children under age 5 falling two standard
deviations or more below the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Number of deaths due to natural disasters: People confirmed as dead, or missing and presumed dead,
as a result of natural disasters, which include drought, extreme temperature, flood, mass movement,
wet storm and wildfire.
Population affected by natural disasters: People requiring immediate assistance during a period of
emergency as a result of a natural disaster (as defined above), including displaced, evacuated, homeless
and injured people.
Deaths due to water pollution: Deaths due to diarrhoea attributable to poor water, sanitation or hygiene.
Deaths due to indoor air pollution: Deaths due to acute respiratory infections (children under age 5),
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (adults over age 30) and lung cancer (adults over age 30) attributable to indoor smoke from solid fuels.
table
7
Deaths due to outdoor air pollution: Deaths due to respiratory infections and diseases, lung cancer and
selected cardiovascular diseases attributable to outdoor air pollution.
Deaths due to malaria: Deaths due to malaria.
Deaths due to dengue: Deaths due to dengue fever, dengue haemorrhagic fever and dengue shock
syndrome.
Population living on degraded land: Percentage of the population living on severely and very severely
degraded land. Land degradation estimates consider biomass, soil health, water quantity and biodiversity,
and range in severity.
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Columns 1 and 2: WHO (2010b).
Columns 3 and 4: WHO Collaborating Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (2011)
and UNDESA (2011).
Columns 5–7: HDRO calculations based on WHO (2009) and UNDESA (2011).
Column 8: WHO (2010c).
Column 9: HDRO calculations based on WHO (2011) and UNDESA (2011).
Column 10: FAO (2011b).
STATISTICAL tables
153
table
8
Perceptions about well-being and the environment
Well-being
HDI rank
154
Environment
Overall life
Humans
satisfaction
cause
Global warming
threat
(0, least satisfied; global warming
10, most satisfied)
(% yes)
(% seriousa)
Satisfaction
Satisfaction
Active in
with government with actions
environmental
to reduce
to preserve
group
emissions
the environment
(% yes)
(% satisfied)
(% satisfied)
Satisfaction
with
air quality
(% satisfied)
Satisfaction
with
water quality
(% satisfied)
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1 Norway
2 Australia
3 Netherlands
4 United States
5 New Zealand
6 Canada
7 Ireland
8 Liechtenstein
9 Germany
10 Sweden
11 Switzerland
12 Japan
13 Hong Kong, China (SAR)
14 Iceland
15 Korea, Republic of
16 Denmark
17 Israel
18 Belgium
19 Austria
20 France
21 Slovenia
22 Finland
23 Spain
24 Italy
25 Luxembourg
26 Singapore
27 Czech Republic
28 United Kingdom
29 Greece
30 United Arab Emirates
31 Cyprus
32 Andorra
33 Brunei Darussalam
34 Estonia
35 Slovakia
36 Malta
37 Qatar
38 Hungary
39 Poland
40 Lithuania
41 Portugal
42 Bahrain
43 Latvia
44 Chile
45 Argentina
46 Croatia
47 Barbados
7.6
7.5
7.5
7.2
7.2
7.7
7.3
..
6.7
7.5
7.5
6.1
5.6
6.9
6.1
7.8
7.4
6.9
7.3
6.8
6.1
7.4
6.2
6.4
7.1
6.5
6.2
7.0
5.8
7.1
6.4
..
..
5.1
6.1
5.8
6.8
4.7
5.8
5.1
4.9
5.9
4.7
6.6
6.4
5.6
..
46.8
45.1
43.6
35.9
41.1
55.8
47.6
..
59.7
50.1
..
83.7
80.0
37.9
85.3
45.3
40.9
42.6
52.7
58.6
65.1
55.1
63.2
57.0
53.7
57.2
45.2
38.5
81.3
29.2
79.4
..
..
44.3
56.9
66.8
39.3
51.0
43.2
51.4
61.5
35.4
49.2
68.5
80.4
61.5
..
43.7
70.5
52.6
54.7
59.0
73.9
58.7
..
60.4
48.6
..
77.3
68.6
34.4
82.8
32.8
67.4
63.1
60.4
65.5
69.2
41.7
70.9
87.0
62.1
72.7
35.5
58.8
95.5
71.0
89.4
..
..
36.0
54.7
85.8
67.4
74.5
55.1
49.7
90.7
74.3
39.6
93.1
97.4
..
..
11.6
19.5
15.5
17.6
24.6
19.3
..
..
12.8
11.4
..
14.1
..
12.5
9.4
18.1
14.3
21.4
..
10.0
..
..
10.4
14.6
15.5
19.8
13.0
17.2
6.0
..
..
..
..
6.8
..
13.0
..
6.1
6.2
4.3
10.0
..
3.9
7.6
4.2
..
..
..
..
..
43.9
..
34.0
..
..
49.1
47.6
54.4
33.0
21.6
..
29.3
33.5
..
..
41.3
..
..
..
..
..
..
69.8
26.6
..
16.0
..
..
..
..
16.8
..
..
..
..
17.5
11.0
28.5
..
21.2
26.8
7.0
..
..
51.5
63.8
66.1
57.8
74.8
61.7
58.9
..
61.8
62.9
63.9
46.8
41.4
56.0
36.4
64.3
37.7
56.0
63.9
57.5
55.9
57.3
46.0
29.7
76.8
80.5
56.6
66.8
19.8
89.7
45.7
..
..
45.2
42.8
53.8
87.1
32.7
43.6
29.9
37.2
65.3
38.9
42.1
33.9
38.1
..
89.3
93.1
81.5
87.8
93.0
84.5
94.8
..
86.3
89.3
83.7
78.2
27.8
85.2
72.0
91.6
58.4
74.0
88.0
76.6
80.2
89.7
82.0
69.8
85.7
91.1
69.0
88.8
68.7
81.5
63.0
..
..
75.0
70.4
44.4
80.6
83.5
80.3
70.2
85.7
85.6
75.1
69.5
75.0
75.0
..
95.3
93.4
94.2
89.5
89.0
91.3
90.6
..
95.0
96.7
96.1
87.8
78.4
96.9
81.6
97.4
55.7
84.7
97.1
83.9
90.0
95.0
83.6
80.6
92.3
92.9
89.2
94.8
64.7
84.4
67.4
..
..
66.8
86.0
64.0
79.6
86.2
79.6
69.7
90.0
85.0
65.3
84.5
73.8
81.2
..
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
48 Uruguay
49 Palau
50 Romania
51 Cuba
52 Seychelles
53 Bahamas
54 Montenegro
55 Bulgaria
6.1
..
4.9
5.4
..
..
5.5
4.2
72.9
..
44.9
..
..
..
59.9
49.3
85.6
..
74.3
..
..
..
..
66.0
4.1
..
3.5
..
..
..
..
..
32.7
..
17.4
..
..
..
..
10.9
70.5
..
14.3
54.5
..
..
50.1
19.4
85.6
..
71.4
52.8
..
..
66.2
69.3
92.9
..
69.5
59.3
..
..
78.2
60.8
human development report 2011
Perceptions about well-being and the environment
Well-being
HDI rank
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
Saudi Arabia
Mexico
Panama
Serbia
Antigua and Barbuda
Malaysia
Trinidad and Tobago
Kuwait
Libya
Belarus
Russian Federation
Grenada
Kazakhstan
Costa Rica
Albania
Lebanon
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Georgia
Ukraine
Mauritius
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Jamaica
Peru
Dominica
Saint Lucia
Ecuador
Brazil
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Armenia
Colombia
Iran, Islamic Republic of
Oman
Tonga
Azerbaijan
Turkey
Belize
Tunisia
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
95 Jordan
96 Algeria
97 Sri Lanka
98 Dominican Republic
99 Samoa
100 Fiji
101 China
102 Turkmenistan
103 Thailand
104 Suriname
105 El Salvador
106 Gabon
107 Paraguay
108 Bolivia, Plurinational State of
109 Maldives
110 Mongolia
111 Moldova, Republic of
112 Philippines
113 Egypt
114 Occupied Palestinian Territory
115 Uzbekistan
116 Micronesia, Federated States of
Environment
Overall life
Humans
satisfaction
cause
Global warming
threat
(0, least satisfied; global warming
10, most satisfied)
(% yes)
(% seriousa)
Satisfaction
Satisfaction
Active in
with government with actions
environmental
to reduce
to preserve
group
emissions
the environment
(% yes)
(% satisfied)
(% satisfied)
Satisfaction
with
air quality
(% satisfied)
Satisfaction
with
water quality
(% satisfied)
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
6.3
6.8
7.3
4.5
..
5.6
6.7
6.8
4.9
5.5
5.4
..
5.5
7.3
5.3
5.0
..
7.5
4.7
4.1
5.1
..
4.2
6.2
5.6
..
..
5.8
6.8
..
4.4
6.4
5.1
..
..
4.2
5.5
6.5
5.1
34.6
70.9
66.6
64.1
..
65.5
75.8
33.3
22.8
48.7
48.0
..
43.8
80.5
30.7
68.2
..
61.4
66.4
40.8
60.9
..
54.8
..
66.5
..
..
58.6
81.3
..
31.6
73.1
61.7
..
..
37.3
55.1
59.0
33.0
78.6
94.5
97.0
..
..
71.1
98.2
58.8
64.3
48.6
48.9
..
57.2
92.2
..
79.7
..
97.9
..
78.2
68.2
..
..
..
96.0
..
..
97.7
94.9
..
80.0
96.1
77.6
..
..
85.2
86.0
85.7
58.6
10.6
6.1
9.2
..
..
27.3
6.2
..
..
5.0
5.7
..
8.7
13.0
..
..
..
5.8
..
3.6
5.1
..
..
..
10.7
..
..
9.1
7.2
..
9.8
12.5
9.2
..
..
13.0
12.4
20.3
..
..
22.7
16.5
..
..
17.1
..
..
..
20.0
9.4
..
14.3
33.2
..
..
..
27.2
..
15.2
3.2
..
..
..
15.5
..
..
33.0
29.6
..
12.4
30.6
..
..
..
21.1
12.9
..
..
53.3
46.8
44.1
28.1
..
64.2
26.3
69.2
..
50.6
18.3
..
37.4
59.6
27.4
23.7
..
59.8
22.1
38.0
8.8
..
39.8
32.9
35.5
..
..
39.1
48.2
..
27.8
53.5
55.2
..
..
28.1
41.9
30.3
66.7
55.5
78.0
85.2
61.9
..
82.3
75.8
55.7
65.0
65.1
57.6
..
61.6
86.3
54.5
50.5
..
77.1
71.2
67.4
55.4
..
73.0
85.8
64.7
..
..
60.7
68.2
..
58.9
73.7
66.6
..
..
65.4
72.3
70.7
66.7
60.4
67.7
75.9
60.2
..
82.9
74.0
67.8
69.9
62.6
52.8
..
55.7
88.7
50.2
47.3
..
67.9
71.7
66.4
51.0
..
69.7
88.8
67.8
..
..
62.4
83.1
..
61.3
80.2
58.4
..
..
51.0
64.1
63.3
50.3
5.6
5.3
4.0
4.7
..
..
4.7
6.6
6.2
..
6.7
..
5.8
5.8
..
4.6
5.6
4.9
4.7
4.7
5.1
..
60.2
39.4
56.5
54.6
..
..
47.5
29.4
74.9
..
72.0
..
72.4
72.5
..
58.6
48.6
76.2
45.1
47.4
16.9
..
68.7
59.6
76.3
92.0
..
..
31.7
..
66.7
..
92.8
..
95.2
95.6
..
65.5
83.2
92.9
66.7
58.0
67.0
..
2.9
..
10.0
15.8
..
..
11.6
..
43.8
..
12.9
..
8.6
11.6
..
11.4
11.3
30.4
4.1
11.8
6.2
..
..
..
40.1
14.7
..
..
33.4
..
28.7
..
23.3
..
13.5
20.1
..
..
4.5
26.8
..
..
44.5
..
59.4
42.4
61.7
53.1
..
..
73.0
..
75.5
..
39.7
..
45.5
45.5
..
16.7
15.5
86.2
25.7
28.4
71.4
..
71.1
57.1
91.7
69.2
..
..
75.1
80.8
83.0
..
74.0
..
87.7
72.8
..
55.4
62.8
82.4
83.2
62.3
86.5
..
59.0
60.7
88.0
69.7
..
..
73.3
71.2
82.8
..
70.4
..
83.9
74.4
..
59.7
60.1
83.4
76.1
58.4
82.1
..
STATISTICAL tables
table
8
155
Perceptions about well-being and the environment
Well-being
HDI rank
table
8
156
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
Environment
Overall life
Humans
satisfaction
cause
Global warming
threat
(0, least satisfied; global warming
10, most satisfied)
(% yes)
(% seriousa)
Guyana
Botswana
Syrian Arab Republic
Namibia
Honduras
Kiribati
South Africa
Indonesia
Vanuatu
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Viet Nam
Nicaragua
Morocco
Guatemala
Iraq
Cape Verde
India
Ghana
Equatorial Guinea
Congo
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Cambodia
Swaziland
Bhutan
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
142 Solomon Islands
143 Kenya
144 São Tomé and Príncipe
145 Pakistan
146 Bangladesh
147 Timor-Leste
148 Angola
149 Myanmar
150 Cameroon
151 Madagascar
152 Tanzania, United Republic of
153 Papua New Guinea
154 Yemen
155 Senegal
156 Nigeria
157 Nepal
158 Haiti
159 Mauritania
160 Lesotho
161 Uganda
162 Togo
163 Comoros
164 Zambia
165 Djibouti
166 Rwanda
167 Benin
168 Gambia
169 Sudan
170 Côte d'Ivoire
171 Malawi
172 Afghanistan
173 Zimbabwe
174 Ethiopia
175 Mali
176 Guinea-Bissau
177 Eritrea
human development report 2011
Satisfaction
Satisfaction
Active in
with government with actions
environmental
to reduce
to preserve
group
emissions
the environment
(% yes)
(% satisfied)
(% satisfied)
Satisfaction
with
air quality
(% satisfied)
Satisfaction
with
water quality
(% satisfied)
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
6.0
3.6
4.5
4.9
5.9
..
4.7
5.5
..
5.0
4.4
5.3
5.7
4.7
6.3
5.1
..
5.0
4.6
..
3.8
5.0
4.1
..
..
36.2
25.6
53.2
48.6
54.1
..
37.2
75.5
..
46.4
16.7
71.3
70.6
67.4
74.9
40.1
..
49.4
58.6
..
58.3
71.6
41.4
..
..
83.3
79.9
50.0
75.4
88.9
..
70.4
88.1
..
68.9
66.7
68.8
94.8
89.0
94.6
62.3
..
83.4
69.0
..
75.4
63.3
89.6
..
..
27.8
26.1
..
17.6
25.3
..
26.8
18.9
..
15.5
24.9
16.8
14.7
3.2
16.9
..
..
11.6
27.8
..
12.9
47.9
8.6
..
..
..
..
..
..
12.2
..
34.5
28.7
..
5.7
31.4
14.9
21.5
..
14.7
..
..
41.6
33.9
..
..
..
42.8
..
..
34.1
76.1
50.4
57.9
39.3
..
55.7
48.2
..
27.7
42.8
67.6
56.2
32.6
39.1
15.8
..
45.4
59.9
..
27.8
72.5
85.5
..
..
78.7
70.1
55.7
76.4
74.4
..
85.7
82.1
..
87.3
84.0
62.9
82.4
57.9
82.4
61.5
..
79.1
89.1
..
65.5
88.6
83.1
..
..
53.8
72.4
49.8
81.6
69.7
..
53.4
86.9
..
82.9
65.0
62.3
68.5
63.9
66.8
44.4
..
62.7
72.0
..
33.5
82.7
73.0
..
..
..
4.3
..
5.8
4.9
..
4.2
5.3
4.6
4.6
3.2
..
4.4
4.4
4.8
4.3
3.8
4.8
..
4.2
2.8
3.8
5.3
5.0
4.0
3.7
..
4.4
4.2
5.1
4.8
4.7
4.4
3.8
..
..
..
62.8
..
32.4
66.7
..
70.0
..
57.2
66.8
52.9
..
65.7
41.0
37.5
59.7
12.6
51.2
..
52.8
43.1
34.4
63.0
51.9
48.1
45.7
..
58.5
79.8
46.9
31.2
36.5
..
64.6
..
..
..
82.9
..
71.6
92.1
..
89.2
..
68.2
94.0
83.5
..
65.8
72.0
67.5
88.6
79.6
74.2
..
73.1
77.3
82.1
66.5
82.4
74.4
71.3
..
80.1
..
..
75.6
53.5
..
93.9
..
..
..
23.7
..
10.1
11.9
..
32.0
..
14.6
6.4
47.1
..
..
17.3
39.6
24.9
32.6
15.9
..
25.6
16.7
..
31.4
55.4
31.2
12.0
..
19.0
..
..
12.2
..
..
21.4
..
..
..
17.9
..
24.9
45.2
..
..
..
15.7
..
30.6
..
..
15.3
10.9
19.3
..
..
..
33.7
..
..
22.1
..
76.8
..
..
..
5.8
60.8
14.2
10.2
..
26.2
..
..
..
63.2
..
21.1
47.3
..
69.9
..
44.2
43.8
51.3
..
30.1
30.8
32.2
42.4
24.9
32.1
..
47.9
23.4
36.6
45.0
54.0
90.3
34.6
..
38.9
32.1
82.3
45.5
50.1
36.6
44.7
..
..
..
86.0
..
77.6
83.1
..
59.9
88.4
82.9
81.0
61.7
..
80.0
77.9
73.9
87.9
38.8
64.2
..
81.4
52.4
76.7
82.4
69.0
78.5
78.1
..
80.3
74.8
91.1
67.1
73.1
72.0
79.5
..
..
..
51.8
..
55.0
69.5
..
47.4
..
51.4
52.6
34.7
..
56.4
67.3
46.8
81.8
26.0
57.4
..
59.6
33.8
55.8
53.9
63.5
54.5
55.6
..
62.4
52.1
61.8
60.7
62.3
29.2
57.0
..
..
Perceptions about well-being and the environment
Well-being
HDI rank
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
Guinea
Central African Republic
Sierra Leone
Burkina Faso
Liberia
Chad
Mozambique
Burundi
Niger
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Human Development Index groups
Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development
Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Least developed countries
Small island developing states
World
Environment
Overall life
Humans
satisfaction
cause
Global warming
threat
(0, least satisfied; global warming
10, most satisfied)
(% yes)
(% seriousa)
Satisfaction
Satisfaction
Active in
with government with actions
environmental
to reduce
to preserve
group
emissions
the environment
(% yes)
(% satisfied)
(% satisfied)
Satisfaction
with
air quality
(% satisfied)
Satisfaction
with
water quality
(% satisfied)
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
2006–2010b
4.3
3.6
4.1
4.0
4.2
3.7
4.7
3.8
4.1
4.0
39.8
67.2
52.1
52.5
32.1
55.0
53.0
45.8
..
47.7
78.4
77.3
74.0
96.3
71.8
96.0
87.8
91.6
..
..
30.8
..
50.8
14.3
43.2
29.9
8.4
16.1
14.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
12.9
..
28.1
25.9
16.3
22.7
63.5
29.8
48.5
34.4
56.8
53.6
55.7
58.3
31.0
54.9
87.0
72.7
73.8
79.4
57.1
79.1
84.9
90.9
70.5
38.3
41.2
36.6
39.4
50.7
34.9
71.4
52.1
63.0
22.1
6.7
5.9
4.9
4.7
54.4
62.3
52.1
49.6
66.3
..
62.2
78.4
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
52.4
40.9
58.2
39.9
81.7
67.5
77.2
76.7
87.2
67.0
69.8
51.8
5.0
..
5.3
6.5
5.0
4.4
4.4
..
5.3
48.2
..
47.6
72.8
49.7
49.5
..
..
53.5
69.1
..
62.8
94.8
82.6
..
..
..
67.9
..
..
..
8.8
11.6
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
39.2
..
..
..
..
37.3
..
30.8
46.3
43.6
44.5
45.5
..
51.6
69.7
..
67.1
71.8
78.8
75.7
76.8
..
76.5
62.8
..
63.2
74.6
62.9
46.6
52.6
..
69.2
NOTES
T he typical World Poll survey includes at least 1,000 surveys of randomly selected individuals. In some
countries oversamples are collected in major cities or areas of special interest. Additionally, in some
large countries, such as China and the Russian Federation, sample sizes of at least 2,000 are collected.
Although rare, in some instances the sample size is between 500 and 1,000. Quality control procedures
are used to validate that correct samples are selected and that the correct person is randomly selected
in each household. Gallup’s methodology ensures that the reported data are representative of 95 percent
of the world’s adult population (ages 15 and older). For further information, see https://worldview.gallup.
com/content/methodology.aspx.
a. Very serious and somewhat serious.
b. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
SURVEY QUESTIONS
Overall life satisfaction: Please imagine a ladder, with steps numbered from zero at the bottom to ten at
the top. Suppose we say that the top of the ladder represents the best possible life for you, and the bottom
of the ladder represents the worst possible life for you. On which step of the ladder would you say you
personally feel you stand at this time, assuming that the higher the step the better you feel about your
life, and the lower the step the worse you feel about it? Which step comes closest to the way you feel?
table
8
Humans cause global warming: Temperature rise is a part of global warming or climate change. Do you
think rising temperatures are a result of human activities? (Asked of those who said they know something
or a great deal about global warming and climate change.)
Global warming threat: How serious of a threat is global warming to you and your family? (Asked of those
who said they know something or a great deal about global warming and climate change.)
Active in environmental group: Which of these, if any, have you done in the past year? Been active in
a group or organization that works to protect the environment.
Satisfaction with government to reduce emissions: Do you think the government of this country is doing
enough to reduce emissions of gases released by motor vehicles and factories, or not?
Satisfaction with actions to preserve the environment: In this country, are you satisfied or dissatisfied
with the efforts to preserve the environment?
Satisfaction with air quality: In the city or area where you live, are you satisfied or dissatisfied with
the quality of air?
Satisfaction with water quality: In the city or area where you live, are you satisfied or dissatisfied with
the quality of water?
MAIN DATA SOURCE
Columns 1–8: Gallup (2011).
STATISTICAL tables
157
table
9
Education and health
Education
HDI rank
Adult
literacy
rate
(% ages 15
and older)
Health
Gross enrolment ratio
Primary education
resources
Primary Secondary Tertiary
(%)
(%)
(%)
Pupil–
School
teacher teachers
ratio
trained
(pupils per to teach
teacher)
(%)
2005–2010b 2001–2010b 2001–2010b 2001–2010b 2005–2010b 2005–2010b
158
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1 Norway
2 Australia
3 Netherlands
4 United States
5 New Zealand
6 Canada
7 Ireland
8 Liechtenstein
9 Germany
10 Sweden
11 Switzerland
12 Japan
13 Hong Kong, China (SAR)
14 Iceland
15 Korea, Republic of
16 Denmark
17 Israel
18 Belgium
19 Austria
20 France
21 Slovenia
22 Finland
23 Spain
24 Italy
25 Luxembourg
26 Singapore
27 Czech Republic
28 United Kingdom
29 Greece
30 United Arab Emirates
31 Cyprus
32 Andorra
33 Brunei Darussalam
34 Estonia
35 Slovakia
36 Malta
37 Qatar
38 Hungary
39 Poland
40 Lithuania
41 Portugal
42 Bahrain
43 Latvia
44 Chile
45 Argentina
46 Croatia
47 Barbados
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
99.7
..
97.7
98.9
..
94.7
..
..
97.2
90.0
97.9
..
95.3
99.8
..
92.4
94.7
99.4
99.5
99.7
94.9
91.4
99.8
98.6
97.7
98.8
..
98.7
106.4
106.9
98.2
101.2
98.4
104.6
108.9
103.6
96.2
103.4
102.3
104.0
98.3
104.3
98.6
111.1
103.4
98.7
108.7
98.4
97.4
107.2
103.3
100.4
..
103.5
106.4
101.2
105.4
105.4
89.0
106.5
100.2
102.1
98.6
105.9
99.7
97.1
97.2
112.3
106.6
98.7
106.4
116.7
95.3
..
110.4
132.7
120.8
93.6
126.3
102.2
118.1
105.0
101.7
102.6
96.0
101.0
82.1
108.3
97.2
118.4
89.1
107.5
100.4
113.0
96.8
109.0
120.8
100.5
96.0
..
95.1
99.0
101.8
95.2
98.4
80.8
98.2
99.3
92.0
100.3
85.2
98.8
98.9
99.2
106.8
96.4
92.7
90.4
85.9
95.2
..
73.5
82.3
61.6
85.9
83.5
62.3
60.6
34.7
..
71.5
51.2
58.6
56.6
74.3
100.0
77.0
62.5
66.3
59.3
55.3
87.6
90.9
73.4
67.2
10.0
..
60.9
59.0
90.8
30.4
52.0
10.3
17.1
63.7
55.8
32.2
10.2
62.5
71.4
79.5
61.2
51.2
67.3
54.8
69.4
48.9
..
..
..
..
13.9
14.6
..
15.8
6.5
13.0
9.3
..
18.1
15.9
..
22.4
..
13.1
11.1
11.4
18.7
17.2
13.6
12.6
10.3
11.9
17.4
18.5
18.3
10.3
15.6
14.2
10.3
11.9
12.2
15.7
10.5
11.2
10.5
9.6
12.8
11.2
..
10.4
24.6
16.3
14.8
14.1
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
48 Uruguay
49 Palau
50 Romania
51 Cuba
52 Seychelles
53 Bahamas
98.3
..
97.7
99.8
91.8
..
113.6
101.4
99.3
103.6
106.2
103.4
87.9
95.7
93.5
89.6
105.0
93.3
64.9
37.9
67.1
117.8
..
..
15.0
12.5
15.8
9.4
13.8
15.8
human development report 2011
One-year-olds
lacking
immunization against
DTP
(%)
Mortality
HIV
Under
prevalence
Adult
Healthfive
Youth
(per 1,000
(per
(% ages 15–24) adjusted lifea
people)
expectancy
Measles 1,000 live
(%)
births) Female Male Female Male
(years)
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2007
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
95.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
94.3
..
..
..
100.0
..
100.0
84.1
..
..
..
48.9
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
58.1
8
8
3
5
8
20
7
..
7
2
5
2
..
4
6
11
7
1
17
1
4
1
4
4
1
3
1
7
1
8
1
1
1
5
1
27
1
1
1
2
4
2
5
3
6
4
7
8
6
4
8
11
7
11
..
4
3
10
6
..
8
7
16
4
6
17
10
5
2
2
9
4
5
2
14
1
8
13
2
1
5
1
18
1
1
2
4
5
1
4
4
1
2
6
3
5
4
8
6
6
4
2
4
3
4
3
..
3
5
4
4
5
4
4
3
3
4
4
3
3
4
6
3
7
4
4
7
6
7
7
11
6
7
6
4
12
8
9
14
5
11
50
45
56
78
57
53
57
..
53
47
43
42
..
43
46
65
45
59
50
54
54
56
43
41
57
42
63
58
44
66
41
44
82
77
74
44
48
99
76
95
54
87
105
59
88
60
80
83
79
75
134
86
87
97
..
99
74
74
86
..
65
109
107
78
105
102
117
131
124
94
77
95
76
138
95
106
84
81
94
105
234
184
76
69
229
197
274
123
127
284
116
160
153
136
<0.1
0.1
<0.1
0.2
<0.1
0.1
0.1
..
<0.1
<0.1
0.1
<0.1
..
0.1
<0.1
0.1
<0.1
<0.1
0.2
0.1
<0.1
<0.1
0.1
<0.1
0.1
<0.1
<0.1
0.1
0.1
..
..
..
..
0.2
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
0.2
..
0.1
0.1
0.2
<0.1
1.1
<0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
<0.1
0.1
0.1
..
0.1
<0.1
0.2
<0.1
..
0.1
<0.1
0.1
0.1
<0.1
0.3
0.2
<0.1
0.1
0.2
<0.1
0.1
<0.1
<0.1
0.2
0.1
..
..
..
..
0.3
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
<0.1
0.3
..
0.2
0.2
0.3
<0.1
0.9
73
74
73
70
73
73
73
..
73
74
75
76
..
74
71
72
73
72
72
73
71
72
74
74
73
73
70
72
72
68
70
74
66
66
67
72
67
66
67
63
71
66
64
70
67
68
67
..
..
..
100.0
99.4
91.1
5
51
3
4
1
4
6
25
3
4
3
2
13
15
12
6
12
12
84
110
90
78
108
126
156
229
219
120
227
202
0.2
..
<0.1
0.1
..
3.1
0.3
..
0.1
0.1
..
1.4
67
64
65
69
63
65
Education and health
Education
HDI rank
Adult
literacy
rate
(% ages 15
and older)
Health
Gross enrolment ratio
Primary education
resources
Primary Secondary Tertiary
(%)
(%)
(%)
Pupil–
School
teacher teachers
ratio
trained
(pupils per to teach
teacher)
(%)
2005–2010b 2001–2010b 2001–2010b 2001–2010b 2005–2010b 2005–2010b
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
Montenegro
Bulgaria
Saudi Arabia
Mexico
Panama
Serbia
Antigua and Barbuda
Malaysia
Trinidad and Tobago
Kuwait
Libya
Belarus
Russian Federation
Grenada
Kazakhstan
Costa Rica
Albania
Lebanon
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Georgia
Ukraine
Mauritius
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Jamaica
Peru
Dominica
Saint Lucia
Ecuador
Brazil
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Armenia
Colombia
Iran, Islamic Republic of
Oman
Tonga
Azerbaijan
Turkey
Belize
Tunisia
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
95 Jordan
96 Algeria
97 Sri Lanka
98 Dominican Republic
99 Samoa
100 Fiji
101 China
102 Turkmenistan
103 Thailand
104 Suriname
105 El Salvador
106 Gabon
107 Paraguay
108 Bolivia, Plurinational State of
109 Maldives
110 Mongolia
111 Moldova, Republic of
112 Philippines
One-year-olds
lacking
immunization against
DTP
(%)
Mortality
HIV
Under
prevalence
Adult
Healthfive
Youth
(per 1,000
(per
(% ages 15–24) adjusted lifea
people)
expectancy
Measles 1,000 live
(%)
births) Female Male Female Male
(years)
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
..
98.3
86.1
93.4
93.6
97.8
99.0
92.5
98.7
93.9
88.9
99.7
99.6
..
99.7
96.1
95.9
89.6
..
95.2
97.8
99.7
99.7
87.9
97.1
86.4
89.6
..
..
84.2
90.0
..
99.5
93.2
85.0
86.6
99.0
99.5
90.8
..
77.6
106.1
101.5
98.9
116.6
109.0
97.7
99.8
94.6
104.2
94.8
110.3
99.0
96.8
107.2
108.8
109.9
118.9
103.2
95.7
103.2
108.9
107.8
97.5
100.0
88.9
93.3
109.1
112.3
96.7
117.5
127.5
106.9
98.5
120.2
102.8
83.9
111.8
95.1
99.3
121.9
108.2
102.1
87.6
96.8
90.2
72.7
91.5
110.5
68.7
88.8
89.9
93.5
90.1
84.8
99.1
98.5
96.1
72.4
82.1
96.3
82.1
91.2
87.5
94.5
87.2
83.2
91.2
89.1
105.5
95.8
75.4
100.8
109.1
93.1
94.6
83.1
91.3
102.7
99.4
82.0
75.6
90.2
..
53.6
32.8
27.9
45.1
49.8
14.7
36.5
11.6
18.9
55.7
77.0
77.2
53.5
39.5
25.3
19.3
52.5
18.4
78.2
37.0
25.8
81.1
25.9
40.6
24.2
34.5
3.5
16.0
42.4
34.4
..
50.1
37.0
36.5
26.4
6.4
19.1
38.4
11.2
34.4
..
17.3
11.4
28.1
23.6
16.2
16.2
14.6
17.6
8.6
..
15.0
17.4
17.1
16.2
18.4
20.2
13.9
14.3
14.5
..
8.9
15.6
21.6
16.4
27.7
20.9
16.1
20.0
19.2
23.0
17.0
19.3
29.3
20.3
11.8
22.3
11.1
..
22.6
17.0
..
..
91.5
95.6
91.5
94.2
57.1
..
88.0
100.0
..
99.9
..
68.8
..
87.6
..
..
61.6
86.3
..
94.6
99.9
100.0
..
..
..
57.8
87.6
77.9
..
79.6
77.5
100.0
98.4
100.0
..
99.9
..
42.5
..
8
6
2
11
16
5
1
5
10
2
2
4
2
1
2
14
2
26
1
17
10
12
10
1
4
10
7
1
5
25
1
1
7
8
1
2
1
27
4
3
1
14
4
2
5
15
5
1
5
6
3
2
1
2
1
1
19
3
47
1
17
7
17
6
1
4
12
9
1
1
34
1
1
4
5
1
3
1
33
3
3
2
9
10
21
17
23
7
12
6
35
10
19
12
12
15
29
11
15
12
15
18
14
29
15
17
11
31
21
10
20
24
21
12
22
19
31
12
19
34
20
18
21
85
86
102
88
82
90
158
95
120
50
101
117
144
143
185
69
88
85
90
92
67
97
148
99
79
131
96
103
90
96
102
110
103
80
90
85
233
134
73
129
70
161
205
186
157
145
184
197
175
225
66
175
324
391
248
432
115
126
166
185
196
145
235
395
219
144
224
123
192
188
173
205
204
246
166
144
157
135
221
134
202
129
..
<0.1
..
0.1
0.3
0.1
..
<0.1
0.7
..
..
0.1
0.3
..
0.2
0.1
..
<0.1
..
..
..
<0.1
0.3
0.2
..
0.7
0.1
..
..
0.2
..
..
<0.1
0.1
<0.1
<0.1
..
0.1
<0.1
1.8
<0.1
..
<0.1
..
0.2
0.4
0.1
..
0.1
1
..
..
<0.1
0.2
..
0.1
0.2
..
0.1
..
..
..
<0.1
0.2
0.3
..
1
0.2
..
..
0.2
..
..
<0.1
0.2
<0.1
<0.1
..
<0.1
<0.1
0.7
<0.1
2007
65
66
62
67
67
65
66
64
62
69
64
62
60
61
56
69
64
62
64
66
67
64
60
63
66
64
67
66
66
64
64
63
61
66
61
65
63
59
66
60
66
92.2
72.6
90.6
88.2
98.8
..
94.0
99.6
93.5
94.6
84.1
87.7
94.6
90.7
98.4
97.5
98.5
95.4
96.8
107.7
96.9
106.2
100.3
94.2
112.7
..
91.1
113.8
115.0
134.3
99.4
107.2
111.0
110.1
93.6
110.1
88.2
96.5
87.0
76.8
76.1
80.9
78.2
..
77.0
75.4
63.6
53.1
66.8
81.3
83.7
92.2
88.6
82.5
40.7
30.6
..
33.3
7.4
15.4
24.5
..
45.0
12.3
24.6
..
36.5
38.3
—
52.7
38.3
28.7
..
23.0
23.1
25.2
31.7
26.0
17.2
..
16.0
16.0
32.6
..
26.5
24.2
12.7
30.4
15.7
33.7
..
99.3
..
83.6
..
97.8
..
..
..
100.0
93.2
..
..
..
74.1
100.0
..
..
2
7
3
18
28
1
3
4
1
13
9
55
8
15
2
5
15
13
5
12
4
21
51
6
6
1
2
12
5
45
9
14
2
6
10
12
25
32
15
32
25
18
19
45
14
26
17
69
23
51
13
29
17
33
111
105
82
149
167
157
87
212
139
124
128
262
98
132
70
141
134
130
195
135
275
172
198
263
142
380
270
217
281
321
168
203
97
305
309
240
..
<0.1
<0.1
0.7
..
0.1
..
..
..
0.4
0.3
3.5
0.1
0.1
<0.1
<0.1
0.1
<0.1
..
0.1
<0.1
0.3
..
0.1
..
..
..
0.6
0.4
1.4
0.2
0.1
<0.1
<0.1
0.1
<0.1
63
62
63
63
61
62
66
55
62
61
61
52
64
58
64
58
61
62
STATISTICAL tables
table
9
159
Education and health
Education
HDI rank
Adult
literacy
rate
(% ages 15
and older)
Health
Gross enrolment ratio
Primary education
resources
Primary Secondary Tertiary
(%)
(%)
(%)
Pupil–
School
teacher teachers
ratio
trained
(pupils per to teach
teacher)
(%)
2005–2010b 2001–2010b 2001–2010b 2001–2010b 2005–2010b 2005–2010b
table
9
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
Egypt
Occupied Palestinian Territory
Uzbekistan
Micronesia, Federated States of
Guyana
Botswana
Syrian Arab Republic
Namibia
Honduras
Kiribati
South Africa
Indonesia
Vanuatu
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Viet Nam
Nicaragua
Morocco
Guatemala
Iraq
Cape Verde
India
Ghana
Equatorial Guinea
Congo
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Cambodia
Swaziland
Bhutan
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
142 Solomon Islands
143 Kenya
144 São Tomé and Príncipe
145 Pakistan
146 Bangladesh
147 Timor-Leste
148 Angola
149 Myanmar
150 Cameroon
151 Madagascar
152 Tanzania, United Republic of
153 Papua New Guinea
154 Yemen
155 Senegal
156 Nigeria
157 Nepal
158 Haiti
159 Mauritania
160 Lesotho
161 Uganda
162 Togo
163 Comoros
164 Zambia
165 Djibouti
166 Rwanda
167 Benin
168 Gambia
169 Sudan
170 Côte d'Ivoire
171 Malawi
160
human development report 2011
One-year-olds
lacking
immunization against
DTP
(%)
Mortality
HIV
Under
prevalence
Adult
Healthfive
Youth
(per 1,000
(per
(% ages 15–24) adjusted lifea
people)
expectancy
Measles 1,000 live
(%)
births) Female Male Female Male
(years)
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
101.1
78.9
91.8
110.3
103.0
109.4
122.2
112.1
116.0
116.5
101.2
120.8
108.1
95.2
102.2
104.1
116.9
107.4
113.6
102.5
98.1
116.9
105.2
83.2
119.5
111.8
116.5
107.9
109.1
67.2
87.1
103.5
90.5
103.4
81.5
74.7
64.7
64.5
84.8
93.9
79.5
47.3
84.1
84.4
66.9
67.9
55.8
56.6
51.5
81.5
60.0
57.2
26.2
43.1
43.9
40.4
53.3
61.7
28.5
45.7
9.8
..
11.2
7.6
..
8.9
18.7
..
..
23.5
4.8
50.8
19.8
9.7
18.0
12.9
17.7
15.5
14.9
13.5
8.6
..
6.4
13.4
7.0
4.4
6.6
27.2
28.0
17.1
16.6
25.6
25.2
17.8
30.1
33.3
25.0
30.7
16.6
23.8
24.0
22.7
19.5
29.2
26.6
29.4
17.0
23.9
..
33.1
27.2
64.4
30.5
49.1
32.4
27.7
..
100.0
100.0
..
63.7
97.4
..
95.6
36.4
85.4
87.4
..
100.0
65.7
88.3
99.6
72.7
100.0
..
..
86.5
..
47.6
45.3
89.0
96.9
99.5
94.0
91.5
3
..
2
9
2
4
20
17
2
14
31
18
32
5
7
4
2
1
8
35
1
34
6
67
9
43
6
5
4
5
..
5
14
3
6
19
24
1
18
38
18
48
1
11
3
1
2
8
31
4
29
7
49
24
41
8
5
2
21
30
36
39
35
57
16
48
30
46
62
39
16
37
61
24
26
38
40
44
28
66
69
145
128
59
88
73
79
130
..
139
161
224
324
95
357
134
173
479
143
159
162
160
107
122
87
151
145
111
169
253
355
320
251
190
560
194
215
..
220
183
286
372
159
540
237
325
521
234
200
327
183
173
210
126
280
292
272
250
402
373
409
289
350
674
256
2009
<0.1
..
<0.1
..
0.8
11.8
..
5.8
0.2
..
13.6
<0.1
..
0.1
<0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
..
..
0.1
1.3
5
2.6
0.2
0.1
15.6
<0.1
2009
<0.1
..
<0.1
..
0.6
5.2
..
2.3
0.3
..
4.5
0.1
..
0.1
<0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.5
..
..
0.1
0.5
1.9
1.2
0.1
0.1
6.5
0.1
2007
66.4
94.6
99.3
..
..
84.1
84.2
88.5
83.6
..
88.7
92.2
82.0
99.2
99.7
92.8
78.0
56.1
74.5
78.1
84.8
62.8
66.6
93.3
..
72.7
77.6
86.9
52.8
..
87.0
88.8
55.5
55.9
50.6
70.0
92.0
70.7
64.5
72.9
60.1
62.4
49.7
60.8
59.1
48.7
57.5
89.7
73.2
56.9
74.2
70.9
..
70.7
41.7
46.5
70.2
55.3
73.7
107.3
112.7
130.4
85.1
95.1
112.5
127.7
115.8
113.8
160.4
104.9
54.9
85.4
83.7
89.5
114.9
..
104.4
104.4
121.6
115.2
119.4
112.9
54.5
150.7
121.9
84.7
74.0
73.6
119.3
34.8
59.5
51.0
33.1
42.3
51.2
23.0
53.1
41.5
31.5
27.4
..
45.7
30.1
30.5
43.5
..
24.5
45.0
27.4
41.3
45.8
..
30.5
26.7
36.3
55.7
38.0
26.3
29.5
..
4.1
4.4
5.2
7.9
15.2
2.8
10.7
9.0
3.6
1.4
..
10.2
8.0
10.1
5.6
..
3.8
3.6
4.1
5.3
5.2
..
3.5
4.8
5.8
4.6
..
8.4
—
..
46.8
26.2
39.7
45.8
29.1
..
28.4
46.3
47.9
53.7
35.8
..
34.7
46.3
31.9
..
39.1
33.8
49.3
41.3
30.2
60.5
34.1
68.3
44.9
36.6
38.4
42.1
..
..
96.8
48.1
85.2
58.4
..
..
98.9
61.8
..
100.0
..
..
..
51.2
73.7
..
100.0
57.6
89.4
14.6
57.4
..
100.0
93.9
71.8
..
59.7
100.0
..
19
25
2
15
6
28
27
10
20
22
15
36
34
14
58
18
41
36
17
36
11
17
19
11
3
17
2
16
19
7
40
26
10
20
11
30
23
13
26
36
9
42
42
21
59
21
41
41
15
32
16
21
15
27
8
28
4
18
33
8
36
84
78
87
52
56
161
71
154
58
108
68
66
93
138
48
87
117
84
128
98
104
141
94
111
118
103
108
119
110
119
282
104
189
222
154
353
188
409
198
311
221
180
218
365
159
227
262
573
348
278
229
477
271
258
246
246
275
456
496
170
358
161
225
246
233
377
275
420
273
456
274
237
266
377
234
278
315
676
539
338
284
580
326
304
385
296
291
528
691
..
4.1
..
<0.1
<0.1
..
1.6
0.3
3.9
0.1
3.9
0.8
..
0.7
2.9
0.1
1.3
0.3
14.2
4.8
2.2
<0.1
8.9
1.9
1.9
0.7
2.4
1.3
1.5
6.8
..
1.8
..
0.1
<0.1
..
0.6
0.3
1.6
0.1
1.7
0.3
..
0.3
1.2
0.2
0.6
0.4
5.4
2.3
0.9
<0.1
4.2
0.8
1.3
0.3
0.9
0.5
0.7
3.1
59
48
53
55
56
53
45
50
45
52
45
56
54
51
42
55
54
51
40
42
51
56
40
48
43
50
51
50
47
44
60
..
59
62
53
49
63
52
62
58
48
60
61
57
57
64
64
62
60
54
61
56
50
46
48
54
53
42
55
Education and health
Education
HDI rank
Adult
literacy
rate
(% ages 15
and older)
Health
Gross enrolment ratio
Primary education
resources
Primary Secondary Tertiary
(%)
(%)
(%)
Pupil–
School
teacher teachers
ratio
trained
(pupils per to teach
teacher)
(%)
2005–2010b 2001–2010b 2001–2010b 2001–2010b 2005–2010b 2005–2010b
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
Afghanistan
Zimbabwe
Ethiopia
Mali
Guinea-Bissau
Eritrea
Guinea
Central African Republic
Sierra Leone
Burkina Faso
Liberia
Chad
Mozambique
Burundi
Niger
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea, Democratic People’s Rep. of
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
Tuvalu
Human Development Index groups
Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development
Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Least developed countries
Small island developing states
World
One-year-olds
lacking
immunization against
DTP
(%)
Mortality
HIV
Under
prevalence
Adult
Healthfive
Youth
(per 1,000
(per
(% ages 15–24) adjusted lifea
people)
expectancy
Measles 1,000 live
(%)
births) Female Male Female Male
(years)
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2007
..
91.9
29.8
26.2
52.2
66.6
39.5
55.2
40.9
28.7
59.1
33.6
55.1
66.6
28.7
66.8
103.9
..
102.5
97.2
119.7
48.3
89.8
91.3
85.1
79.2
90.6
89.7
115.7
146.6
66.6
90.3
43.8
..
34.4
41.6
35.9
31.8
37.0
12.4
26.5
21.4
..
24.1
25.5
21.2
13.3
36.7
3.6
..
3.6
6.0
2.9
2.0
9.2
2.5
2.0
3.4
..
2.0
1.5
2.7
1.4
6.0
42.8
..
57.9
50.1
62.2
38.5
43.7
84.3
..
47.8
24.3
60.9
58.5
51.4
38.6
37.3
..
..
84.6
50.0
..
92.2
73.1
..
..
86.1
40.2
34.6
75.9
91.2
96.7
93.4
17
27
21
26
32
1
43
46
25
18
36
77
24
8
30
23
24
24
25
29
24
5
49
38
29
25
36
77
23
9
27
24
199
90
104
191
193
55
142
171
192
166
112
209
142
166
160
199
352
574
379
218
369
179
337
470
363
262
337
384
434
407
224
331
440
672
445
357
431
249
474
461
414
443
389
412
557
424
229
442
..
6.9
..
0.5
2
0.4
0.9
2.2
1.5
0.8
0.7
2.5
8.6
2.1
0.5
..
..
3.3
..
0.2
0.8
0.2
0.4
1
0.6
0.5
0.3
1
3.1
1
0.2
..
36
39
50
42
42
55
47
42
35
43
48
40
42
43
44
45
100.0
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
90.3
127.7
93.0
92.9
32.6
100.1
..
78.2
153.4
62.9
95.6
7.7
79.5
..
15.9
..
..
..
—
..
..
..
..
22.4
6.2
35.5
..
..
..
..
74.2
..
..
..
7
7
1
1
8
69
11
2
6
1
1
8
76
10
33
35
4
44
2
180
35
126
386
51
303
48
350
280
207
429
112
448
57
382
255
..
..
..
..
..
0.6
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.4
..
59
52
73
55
75
45
58
..
93.2
81.9
59.8
102.7
110.3
113.3
96.5
99.7
90.4
69.7
35.0
72.9
49.3
20.5
6.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
..
..
..
5
6
19
26
7
5
18
28
6
19
44
117
60
106
131
287
114
223
204
346
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
72
64
61
48
72.9
93.5
98.0
91.0
62.8
61.6
59.2
..
80.9
95.0
112.3
98.5
116.8
109.8
100.2
99.6
95.1
106.9
66.5
76.9
90.7
90.7
55.9
35.3
35.6
76.9
68.4
25.8
24.9
57.1
42.7
13.1
5.9
5.7
51.6
27.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
..
..
..
91.7
77.1
76.0
..
..
..
16
7
4
8
27
30
21
24
18
18
9
4
7
25
32
23
26
18
49
26
19
22
69
129
120
57
58
139
103
118
99
173
355
282
155
137
198
168
281
181
245
430
357
207
211
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
59
64
62
65
56
45
49
61
61
table
NOTES
a. Based on methods described in the statistical annex of WHO (2007). Estimates for 2007 have been
revised to take into account the Global Burden of Disease estimates for 2004 and may not be entirely
comparable with those for 2002 published in WHO (2004).
b. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
DEFINITIONS
Adult literacy rate: Percentage of the population ages 15 and older who can, with understanding, both
read and write a short simple statement on their everyday life.
Gross enrolment ratio: Total enrolment in a given level of education (primary, secondary or tertiary),
regardless of age, expressed as a percentage of the official school-age population for the same level
of education.
Pupil–teacher ratio: Average number of pupils (students) per teacher in primary education in a given
school year.
School teachers trained to teach: Percentage of primary school teachers who have received the minimum organized teacher training (pre-service or in-service) required for teaching at the primary level of
education.
9
One-year-olds lacking immunization against DTP: Percentage of one-year-olds who have not received
three doses of the combined diphtheria, tetanus toxoid and pertussis (DTP) vaccine.
One-year-olds lacking immunization against measles: Percentage of one-year-olds who have not
received at least one dose of a measles vaccine.
Under-five mortality: Probability of dying between birth and exactly age 5, expressed per 1,000 live births.
Adult mortality: Probability that a 15-year-old person will die before reaching age 60, expressed per
1,000 adults.
HIV prevalence: Percentage of the population ages 15–24 who are infected with HIV.
Health-adjusted life expectancy at birth: Average number of years that a person can expect to live in
“full health” taking into account years lived in less than full health due to disease and injury.
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Columns 1–6: UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2011).
Columns 7, 8, 10, 11 and 14: WHO (2010a).
Columns 9, 12 and 13: UNICEF (2011).
STATISTICAL tables
161
table
10
Population and economy
POpulation
Total
(millions)
HDI rank
2011
VERY HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
1 Norway
2 Australia
3 Netherlands
4 United States
5 New Zealand
6 Canada
7 Ireland
8 Liechtenstein
9 Germany
10 Sweden
11 Switzerland
12 Japan
13 Hong Kong, China (SAR)
14 Iceland
15 Korea, Republic of
16 Denmark
17 Israel
18 Belgium
19 Austria
20 France
21 Slovenia
22 Finland
23 Spain
24 Italy
25 Luxembourg
26 Singapore
27 Czech Republic
28 United Kingdom
29 Greece
30 United Arab Emirates
31 Cyprus
32 Andorra
33 Brunei Darussalam
34 Estonia
35 Slovakia
36 Malta
37 Qatar
38 Hungary
39 Poland
40 Lithuania
41 Portugal
42 Bahrain
43 Latvia
44 Chile
45 Argentina
46 Croatia
47 Barbados
4.9 c
5.6 c
22.6 d 27.8 d
16.7
17.3
313.1 361.7
4.4
5.2
34.3
39.8
4.5
5.4
0.0
0.0
82.2
79.5
9.4
10.4
7.7
8.1
126.5 120.2
7.1
8.5
0.3
0.4
48.4
50.3
5.6
5.9
7.6
9.8
10.8
11.2
8.4
8.6
63.1
68.5
2.0
2.1
5.4
5.6
46.5
50.0
60.8
60.9
0.5
0.6
5.2
6.0
10.5
10.8
62.4
69.3
11.4
11.6
7.9
10.5
1.1
1.3
0.1
0.1
0.4
0.5
1.3
1.3
5.5
5.5
0.4
0.4
1.9
2.4
10.0
9.6
38.3
37.8
3.3
3.1
10.7
10.3
1.3
1.7
2.2
2.1
17.3
19.5
40.8
46.8
4.4
4.2
0.3
0.3
HIGH HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
48 Uruguay
49 Palau
50 Romania
51 Cuba
52 Seychelles
53 Bahamas
54 Montenegro
55 Bulgaria
162
2030
human development report 2011
3.4
0.0
21.4
11.3
0.1
0.3
0.6
7.4
3.6
0.0
20.3
11.0
0.1
0.4
0.6
6.5
Economy
Foreign
Net official
Public
GDP
direct
development
expenditure
Total
Median Dependency per investment assistance Remittance
on
expenditure
age
ratio
capita net inflows received
inflows
education on health
(years)
(%)
(PPP $) (% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP)
Average annual
growth
(%)
Urbana
(% of
total)
1990/1995 2010/2015
2011
2010
2011
2009
2009
2009
2009
2006–2009b
2009
0.5 c
1.2 d
0.7
1.0
1.6
1.1
0.4
1.3
0.7
0.6
1.0
0.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.4
3.4
0.3
0.7
0.4
0.4
0.5
0.3
0.0
1.3
2.9
0.0
0.3
1.0
5.2
2.2
4.1
2.8
–1.7
0.4
1.0
1.1
–0.1
0.2
–0.4
0.4
2.5
–1.3
1.8
1.3
0.7
0.3
0.7 c
1.3 d
0.3
0.9
1.0
0.9
1.1
0.8
–0.2
0.6
0.4
–0.1
1.0
1.2
0.4
0.3
1.7
0.3
0.2
0.5
0.2
0.3
0.6
0.2
1.4
1.1
0.3
0.6
0.2
2.2
1.1
1.5
1.7
–0.1
0.2
0.3
2.9
–0.2
0.0
–0.4
0.0
2.1
–0.4
0.9
0.9
–0.2
0.2
79.8 c
89.3 d
83.3
82.6
86.2
80.7
62.3
14.3
74.0
84.8
73.7
67.0
100.0
93.5
83.3
87.1
91.9
97.4
67.8
85.9
49.5
85.4 e
77.6
68.6
85.4
100.0
73.6
79.8
61.7
84.4
70.5
87.6
76.1
69.5
54.9
94.8
95.9
68.5
60.9
67.1
61.3
88.7
67.7
89.2
92.6
58.0
45.1
38.7
36.9
40.7
36.9
36.6
39.9
34.7
..
44.3
40.7
41.4
44.7
41.8
34.8
37.9
40.6
30.1
41.2
41.8
39.9
41.7
42.0
40.1
43.2
38.9
37.6
39.4
39.8
41.4
30.1
34.2
..
28.9
39.7
36.9
39.5
31.6
39.8
38.0
39.3
41.0
30.1
40.2
32.1
30.4
41.5
37.5
50.7
48.6
49.8
50.1
50.9
44.5
50.0
..
51.5
54.2
47.4
57.9
32.1
49.2
38.1
53.3
61.0
52.7
47.9
54.9
44.3
52.1
47.6
53.1
46.1
35.6
41.6
52.0
50.1
21.0
41.4
..
41.9
49.1
37.6
41.4
17.7
45.8
40.0
44.9
49.6
28.8
46.8
45.4
54.7
47.6
40.2
56,214
39,539
40,676
45,989
28,993
37,808
40,697
..
36,338
37,377
45,224
32,418
43,229
36,795
27,100
37,720
27,656
36,313
38,818
33,674
27,133
35,265
32,150
32,430
83,820
50,633
25,581
35,155
29,617
57,744
30,848
..
..
19,693
22,882
24,814
91,379
20,312
18,905
17,308
24,920
..
16,437
14,311
14,538
19,986
..
3.0
2.4
4.2
1.0
–1.0
1.5
11.1
..
1.2
2.8
5.6
0.2
24.9
0.5
0.2
0.9
2.0
–8.2
2.3
2.3
–1.2
0.0
0.4
1.4
372.6
9.2
1.4
3.4
0.7
..
23.6
..
..
9.2
0.0
11.2
..
2.2
3.2
0.6
1.2
1.2
0.4
7.8
1.3
4.7
8.3
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
0.3 f
..
..
..
..
..
0.5 f
..
0.1
0.0
0.3
–0.1
0.2
0.4
0.5
0.0
0.5
..
0.3
..
0.3
0.2
0.5
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.3
0.3
0.6
2.2
0.9
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.7
0.1
3.0
..
0.6
0.3
0.6
..
0.6
..
..
1.7
1.9
0.6
..
1.7
1.9
3.1
1.5
..
2.3
0.0
0.2
2.3
3.2
9.7
8.5
10.8
16.2
9.7
10.9
9.7
..
11.3
9.9
11.3
8.3
..
8.2
6.5
11.2
7.6
11.8
11.0
11.7
9.1
9.7
9.7
9.5
7.8
3.9
7.6
9.3
10.6
2.8
6.0
7.5
3.0
7.0
8.5
7.5
2.5
7.3
7.1
6.6
11.3
4.5
6.5
8.2
9.5
7.8
6.8
9.7
8.5
10.8
16.2
9.7
10.9
9.7
..
11.3
9.9
11.3
8.3
..
8.2
6.5
11.2
7.6
11.8
11.0
11.7
9.1
9.7
9.7
9.5
7.8
3.9
7.6
9.3
10.6
2.8
6.0
7.5
3.0
7.0
8.5
7.5
2.5
7.3
7.1
6.6
11.3
4.5
6.5
8.2
9.5
7.8
6.8
0.7
2.7
–0.5
0.6
1.0
1.8
1.1
–1.1
0.3
0.8
–0.2
0.0
0.3
1.1
0.1
–0.7
92.6
84.3
58.0
75.2
55.9
84.3
61.5
71.7
33.7
..
38.5
38.4
..
30.9
35.9
41.6
56.6
..
43.3
42.0
..
41.3
46.4
46.3
13,189
..
14,278
..
19,587
..
13,086
13,870
4.0
..
3.9
..
32.5
..
32.0
9.4
0.2
27.9
..
0.2 f
3.5
..
1.8
..
0.3
..
3.1
..
1.6
..
..
3.2
7.4
11.2
5.4
11.8
4.0
7.2
9.3
7.4
7.4
11.2
5.4
11.8
4.0
7.2
9.3
7.4
Population and economy
POpulation
HDI rank
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
Total
(millions)
2011
Saudi Arabia
28.1
Mexico
114.8
Panama
3.6
Serbia
9.9
Antigua and Barbuda
0.1
Malaysia
28.9
Trinidad and Tobago
1.3
Kuwait
2.8
Libya
6.4
Belarus
9.6
Russian Federation
142.8
Grenada
0.1
Kazakhstan
16.2
Costa Rica
4.7
Albania
3.2
Lebanon
4.3
Saint Kitts and Nevis
0.1
Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
29.4
Bosnia and Herzegovina
3.8
Georgia
4.3
Ukraine
45.2
Mauritius
1.3
Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
2.1
Jamaica
2.8
Peru
29.4
Dominica
0.1
Saint Lucia
0.2
Ecuador
14.7
Brazil
196.7
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
0.1
Armenia
3.1
Colombia
46.9
Iran, Islamic Republic of
74.8
Oman
2.8
Tonga
0.1
Azerbaijan
9.3
Turkey
73.6
Belize
0.3
Tunisia
10.6
MEDIUM HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
95 Jordan
96 Algeria
97 Sri Lanka
98 Dominican Republic
99 Samoa
100 Fiji
101 China
102 Turkmenistan
103 Thailand
104 Suriname
105 El Salvador
106 Gabon
107 Paraguay
108 Bolivia, Plurinational State of
109 Maldives
110 Mongolia
111 Moldova, Republic of
112 Philippines
113 Egypt
114 Occupied Palestinian Territory
115 Uzbekistan
116 Micronesia, Federated States of
2030
38.5
135.4
4.5
9.5
0.1
37.3
1.4
4.0
7.8
8.9
136.4
0.1
18.9
5.7
3.3
4.7
0.1
37.0
3.5
3.8
40.5
1.4
2.0
2.8
35.5
0.1
0.2
17.9
220.5
0.1
3.1
56.9
84.4
3.6
0.1
10.8
86.7
0.4
12.2
Economy
Foreign
Net official
Public
GDP
direct
development
expenditure
Total
Median Dependency per investment assistance Remittance
on
expenditure
age
ratio
capita net inflows received
inflows
education on health
(years)
(%)
(PPP $) (% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP)
Average annual
growth
(%)
Urbana
(% of
total)
1990/1995 2010/2015
2011
82.3
78.1
75.5
56.4
30.4
73.0
14.2
98.4
78.1
75.2
73.2
39.7
58.8
64.9
52.9
87.4
32.6
93.6
49.2
52.8
69.1
41.9 g
59.4
52.1
77.3
67.4
28.1
67.6
86.9
49.8
64.3
75.4
71.3
73.3
23.5
52.1
70.1
52.7
67.7
2010
2011
2009
2009
2006–2009b
2009
25.9
26.6
27.3
37.6
..
26.0
30.8
28.2
25.9
38.3
37.9
25.0
29.0
28.4
30.0
29.1
..
26.1
39.4
37.3
39.3
32.4
35.9
27.0
25.6
..
27.4
25.5
29.1
27.9
32.1
26.8
27.1
25.3
21.3
29.5
28.3
21.8
28.9
49.5
54.1
54.7
46.7
..
53.4
38.3
41.3
54.1
40.2
39.1
52.6
46.4
45.1
46.9
46.3
..
53.6
40.8
44.6
42.5
39.8
41.4
57.4
55.7
..
47.7
57.0
47.3
49.1
45.2
51.9
38.9
42.4
76.4
38.0
47.3
62.3
43.4
2009
23,480
14,258
13,057
11,893
18,778
14,012
25,572
..
16,502
13,040
18,932
8,362
11,510
11,106
8,716
13,070
14,527
12,323
8,578
4,774
6,318
12,838
11,159
7,633
8,629
8,883
9,605
8,268
10,367
9,154
5,279
8,959
11,558
..
4,466
9,638
13,668
6,628
8,273
2009
2.1
1.1
1.5
–0.1
1.0
1.6
0.3
2.4
0.8
–0.3
–0.1
0.4
1.0
1.4
0.3
0.7
1.2
1.5
–0.2
–0.6
–0.5
0.5
0.1
0.4
1.1
0.0
1.0
1.3
0.8
0.0
0.3
1.3
1.0
1.9
0.4
1.2
1.1
2.0
1.0
2.8
1.7
7.2
4.5
11.4
0.7
3.3
..
2.7
3.8
3.0
14.5
11.8
4.6
8.1
13.9
24.5
–1.0
1.4
6.1
4.2
3.0
2.7
4.5
3.7
13.3
16.5
0.6
1.6
18.9
8.9
3.1
0.9
4.8
4.7
1.1
1.4
7.0
4.0
0.0 f
0.0
0.3
1.4
0.6
0.1
0.0
..
0.1
0.2
..
8.3
0.3
0.4
3.0
1.8
1.1
0.0
2.4
8.6
0.6
1.8
2.2
1.3
0.4
10.1
4.7
0.4
0.0
5.5
5.9
0.5
0.0
0.1 f
12.4
0.6
0.2
2.0 f
1.3
0.1
2.5
0.7
12.6
2.2
0.6
0.5
..
0.0
0.7
0.4
8.6
0.1
1.8
11.0
21.9
7.4
0.0
12.2
6.6
4.5
2.5
4.1
15.8
1.8
6.1
2.9
4.4
0.3
5.1
8.8
1.8
0.3
0.1 f
27.9
3.0
0.2
5.9
5.0
5.0
6.5
8.3
9.9
5.1
4.8
5.7
3.3
3.9
5.8
5.4
7.4
4.5
10.5
6.9
8.1
6.0
6.0
10.9
10.1
7.0
5.7
6.9
5.1
4.6
6.4
8.1
6.1
9.0
5.6
4.7
6.4
5.5
3.0
6.2
5.8
6.7
4.9
6.2
5.0
6.5
8.3
9.9
5.1
4.8
5.7
3.3
3.9
5.8
5.4
7.4
4.5
10.5
6.9
8.1
6.0
6.0
10.9
10.1
7.0
5.7
6.9
5.1
4.6
6.4
8.1
6.1
9.0
5.6
4.7
6.4
5.5
3.0
6.2
5.8
6.7
4.9
6.2
1.9
1.4
0.8
1.2
0.5
0.8
0.4 h
1.2
0.5
0.9
0.6
1.9
1.7
1.6
1.3
1.5
–0.7
1.7
1.7
2.8
1.1
0.5
78.6
67.1
14.3
69.8
20.1
52.3
47.8 h
50.0
34.4
69.8
64.8
86.4
62.1
67.0
41.3
62.5
47.7
49.1
43.5
74.4
36.3
22.8
20.7
26.2
30.7
25.1
20.9
26.4
34.5
24.5
34.2
27.6
23.2
21.6
23.1
21.7
24.6
25.4
35.2
22.2
24.4
18.1
24.2
20.8
69.0
45.8
49.9
58.8
73.8
51.5
37.9
49.0
41.3
53.1
62.4
64.9
62.1
67.7
45.0
46.8
38.7
63.2
57.4
81.0
49.8
66.2
5,597
8,172
4,772
8,433
4,405
4,526
6,828
7,242
7,995
..
6,629
14,419
4,523
4,419
5,476
3,522
2,854
3,542
5,673
..
2,875
3,088
9.5
2.0
1.0
4.4
0.6
2.0
1.6
6.8
1.9
..
2.0
0.3
1.4
2.4
7.6
14.8
2.4
1.2
3.6
..
2.3
..
3.0
0.2
1.7
0.3
16.1
2.5
0.0
0.2
0.0
3.7 f
1.4
0.8
1.1
4.4
2.4
9.4
4.3
0.2
0.5
25.3 f
0.6
42.0
14.3
1.5
8.0
7.4
25.1
5.4
1.0
..
0.6
0.1
16.5
0.1
4.3
6.2
0.3
4.8
22.4
12.3
3.8
17.6
..
..
9.3
5.8
4.0
5.9
7.0
3.4
4.6
2.3
4.3
7.6
6.4
3.5
7.1
5.0
8.0
4.7
11.9
3.8
5.0
..
5.2
13.8
9.3
5.8
4.0
5.9
7.0
3.4
4.6
2.3
4.3
7.6
6.4
3.5
7.1
5.0
8.0
4.7
11.9
3.8
5.0
..
5.2
13.8
2.7
1.8
2.1
1.3
2.0
2.6
0.7
–5.0
1.9
0.0
0.1
0.8
–0.7
2.4
–0.9
3.2
1.1
2.3
–5.1
–1.5
–0.2
1.4
0.6
0.8
1.9
0.1
1.3
2.1
1.6
0.1
–1.9
1.9
1.7
3.6
0.2
1.5
1.7
2.9
1.7
6.3
8.4
5.0
36.0
43.5
2.2
21.0
23.1
1.0
10.1
12.1
1.9
0.2
0.2
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.3
1,347.6 h 1,393.1 h 1.2 h
5.1
6.2
2.7
69.5
73.3
0.9
0.5
0.6
1.4
6.2
7.1
1.4
1.5
2.1
3.1
6.6
8.7
2.4
10.1
13.4
2.3
0.3
0.4
2.5
2.8
3.5
1.0
3.5
3.1 –0.1
94.9 126.3
2.3
82.5 106.5
1.8
4.2
6.8
4.4
27.8
33.4
2.2
0.1
0.1
2.1
STATISTICAL tables
table
10
163
Population and economy
POpulation
Total
(millions)
HDI rank
Average annual
growth
(%)
2011
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
table
10
164
Guyana
Botswana
Syrian Arab Republic
Namibia
Honduras
Kiribati
South Africa
Indonesia
Vanuatu
Kyrgyzstan
Tajikistan
Viet Nam
Nicaragua
Morocco
Guatemala
Iraq
Cape Verde
India
Ghana
Equatorial Guinea
Congo
Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Cambodia
Swaziland
Bhutan
LOW HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
142 Solomon Islands
143 Kenya
144 São Tomé and Príncipe
145 Pakistan
146 Bangladesh
147 Timor-Leste
148 Angola
149 Myanmar
150 Cameroon
151 Madagascar
152 Tanzania, United Republic of
153 Papua New Guinea
154 Yemen
155 Senegal
156 Nigeria
157 Nepal
158 Haiti
159 Mauritania
160 Lesotho
161 Uganda
162 Togo
163 Comoros
164 Zambia
165 Djibouti
166 Rwanda
167 Benin
168 Gambia
169 Sudan
170 Côte d'Ivoire
171 Malawi
172 Afghanistan
173 Zimbabwe
174 Ethiopia
175 Mali
176 Guinea-Bissau
2030 1990/1995 2010/2015
0.8
0.8
0.1
0.2
2.0
2.3
2.7
1.1
20.8
27.9
2.8
1.7
2.3
3.0
3.1
1.7
7.8
10.7
2.6
2.0
0.1
0.1
1.5
1.5
50.5
54.7
2.4
0.5
242.3 279.7
1.6
1.0
0.2
0.4
2.8
2.4
5.4
6.7
0.9
1.1
7.0
9.0
1.7
1.5
88.8 101.5
2.0
1.0
5.9
7.2
2.4
1.4
32.3
37.5
1.7
1.0
14.8
22.7
2.3
2.5
32.7
55.3
3.1
3.1
0.5
0.6
2.5
0.9
1,241.5 1,523.5
2.0
1.3
25.0
36.5
2.8
2.3
0.7
1.1
3.4
2.7
4.1
6.2
2.7
2.2
6.3
7.8
2.7
1.3
14.3
17.4
3.2
1.2
1.2
1.5
2.2
1.4
0.7
0.9
–1.5
1.5
0.6
41.6
0.2
176.7
150.5
1.2
19.6
48.3
20.0
21.3
46.2
7.0
24.8
12.8
162.5
30.5
10.1
3.5
2.2
34.5
6.2
0.8
13.5
0.9
10.9
9.1
1.8
44.6
20.2
15.4
32.4
12.8
84.7
15.8
1.5
human development report 2011
0.8
65.9
0.2
234.4
181.9
2.0
30.8
54.3
28.8
35.3
81.9
10.2
41.3
20.0
257.8
39.9
12.5
5.2
2.6
59.8
8.7
1.2
24.5
1.3
17.6
14.6
2.8
66.9
29.8
28.2
53.3
17.6
118.5
26.8
2.3
2.8
3.1
1.9
2.6
2.2
2.8
3.2
1.4
2.7
3.0
3.2
2.5
4.7
2.9
2.4
2.5
2.0
2.8
1.8
3.3
2.2
2.4
2.5
2.2
–4.9
3.4
3.1
2.6
3.2
1.0
8.4
2.2
3.3
2.5
2.0
2.5
2.7
2.0
1.8
1.3
2.9
2.7
0.8
2.1
2.8
3.1
2.2
3.0
2.6
2.5
1.7
1.3
2.2
1.0
3.1
2.0
2.5
3.0
1.9
2.9
2.7
2.7
2.4
2.2
3.2
3.1
2.2
2.1
3.0
2.1
Urbana
(% of
total)
Economy
Foreign
Net official
Public
GDP
direct
development
expenditure
Total
Median Dependency per investment assistance Remittance
on
expenditure
age
ratio
capita net inflows received
inflows
education on health
(years)
(%)
(PPP $) (% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP)
2011
2010
2011
2009
2009
58.2
57.2
67.1
65.9
68.3
..
53.0
47.8
70.8
52.3
66.6
41.3
62.7
49.8
83.4
85.6
58.1
54.4
73.3
72.5
79.4
60.3
54.3
70.5
50.7
7.1
2.1
2.7
5.3
3.5
1.7
1.9
0.9
5.3
4.1
0.3
8.4
7.1
2.2
1.6
1.6
7.7
2.5
6.4
15.7
21.7
5.4
5.4
2.2
2.9
8.5
2.5
0.5
3.6
3.3
15.6
0.4
0.2
16.5
7.1
8.3
4.4
13.1
1.0
1.0
4.5
13.1
0.2
6.1
0.5
4.1
7.2
7.7
2.0
9.6
2009
12.5
0.7
2.6
0.1
17.6
6.4
0.3
1.3
1.0
21.7
35.1
7.4
12.5
6.9
10.8
0.1 f
9.4
3.6
0.4
..
0.1
0.6
3.4
3.1
..
2006–2009b
23.8
22.9
21.1
21.2
21.0
..
24.9
27.8
20.6
23.8
20.4
28.2
22.1
26.3
18.9
18.3
22.8
25.1
20.5
20.3
19.6
21.5
22.9
19.5
24.6
2009
3,240
13,384
4,730
6,410
3,842
2,432
10,278
4,199
4,438
2,283
1,972
2,953
2,641
4,494
4,720
3,548
3,644
3,296
1,552
31,779
4,238
2,255
1,915
4,998
5,113
2009
28.7
61.8
56.2
38.6
52.2
44.0
62.2
44.6
26.0
34.5
26.4
31.0
57.6
58.8
49.9
66.1
61.8
30.3
52.2
39.9
62.5
34.3
20.4
21.3
35.5
8.1
10.3
2.9
5.9
6.0
12.2
8.5
2.4
4.0
6.8
5.3
7.2
9.5
5.5
7.1
3.9
3.9
4.2
6.9
3.9
3.0
4.1
5.9
6.3
5.5
8.1
10.3
2.9
5.9
6.0
12.2
8.5
2.4
4.0
6.8
5.3
7.2
9.5
5.5
7.1
3.9
3.9
4.2
6.9
3.9
3.0
4.1
5.9
6.3
5.5
18.9
22.5
63.0
36.2
28.6
28.6
59.4
34.3
59.2
30.6
26.9
12.6
32.4
42.7
50.5
19.2
53.6
41.7
27.6
13.5
44.1
28.3
35.9
76.3
19.2
42.5
58.9
40.8
51.3
20.3
22.9
38.8
16.8
36.6
30.2
19.9
18.5
19.3
21.7
24.2
16.6
16.6
28.2
19.3
18.2
17.5
20.4
17.4
17.8
18.5
21.4
21.5
19.8
20.3
15.7
19.7
18.9
16.7
21.4
18.7
17.9
17.8
19.7
19.2
16.9
16.6
19.3
18.7
16.3
19.0
74.7
82.1
77.4
64.7
54.4
95.3
95.1
43.8
78.6
84.9
92.2
71.3
87.1
85.0
86.1
65.8
66.6
73.7
70.3
103.5
74.6
83.0
98.4
63.5
83.6
87.4
84.8
76.7
80.1
96.0
93.9
73.6
79.2
97.6
80.2
2,547
1,573
1,820
2,609
1,416
805
5,812
..
2,205
1,004
1,362
2,281
2,470
1,817
2,203
1,155
1,151
1,929
1,468
1,217
850
1,183
1,430
2,319
1,136
1,508
1,415
2,210
1,701
794
1,321
..
934
1,185
1,071
17.9
0.5
3.9
1.5
0.8
..
2.9
..
1.5
6.3
1.9
5.4
0.5
1.6
3.3
0.3
0.6
–1.3
4.0
3.8
1.8
1.7
5.5
9.2
2.3
1.4
5.4
4.9
1.6
1.3
1.3
1.1
0.8
1.2
1.7
42.9
6.1
15.8
1.7
1.3
9.5
0.4
..
2.9
5.2
13.7
5.3
2.0
8.0
1.0
6.7
..
9.4
6.4
11.4
17.5
9.5
11.1
14.5
18.0
10.3
18.5
4.6
10.6
16.6
45.7 f
14.1
13.4
11.0
17.6
0.4
5.7
1.0 f
5.4
11.8
..
0.1 f
..
0.7
0.1
0.1
0.2
4.4
10.6
5.5
23.8
21.2
0.1
26.2
4.7
10.7
2.1
0.3
3.1
1.8
3.6
10.9
5.5
0.8
0.0
..
..
0.9
4.5
5.6
5.4
4.3
7.1
2.6
3.4
12.3
4.6
2.0
5.6
4.1
5.1
3.1
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.8
6.1
2.5
8.2
8.2
5.9
3.4
4.8
7.0
9.0
4.2
6.0
7.3
5.1
6.2
7.4
..
4.3
5.6
6.1
5.4
4.3
7.1
2.6
3.4
12.3
4.6
2.0
5.6
4.1
5.1
3.1
5.6
5.7
5.8
5.8
6.1
2.5
8.2
8.2
5.9
3.4
4.8
7.0
9.0
4.2
6.0
7.3
5.1
6.2
7.4
..
4.3
5.6
6.1
Population and economy
POpulation
HDI rank
Total
(millions)
Eritrea
Guinea
Central African Republic
Sierra Leone
Burkina Faso
Liberia
Chad
Mozambique
Burundi
Niger
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
OTHER COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES
Korea, Democratic People’s Rep. of
Marshall Islands
Monaco
Nauru
San Marino
Somalia
Tuvalu
Human Development Index groups
Very high human development
High human development
Medium human development
Low human development
Regions
Arab States
East Asia and the Pacific
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and the Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
Least developed countries
Small island developing states
World
Urbana
(% of
total)
1990/1995 2010/2015
2011
2010
2011
2009
2009
2009
2009
2006–2009b
2009
5.4
10.2
4.5
6.0
17.0
4.1
11.5
23.9
8.6
16.1
67.8
8.4
15.9
6.4
8.5
29.1
6.5
18.4
35.9
11.4
30.8
106.0
0.3
5.5
2.5
–0.4
2.7
–0.3
3.0
3.2
1.7
3.3
3.8
2.9
2.5
2.0
2.1
3.0
2.6
2.6
2.2
1.9
3.5
2.6
22.1
35.9
39.2
38.8
26.5
48.2
28.2
39.2
11.3
17.2
35.9
19.0
18.3
19.4
18.4
17.1
18.2
17.1
17.8
20.2
15.5
16.7
78.9
85.6
78.9
81.4
90.6
86.2
93.1
89.5
68.2
104.9
95.0
581
1,048
757
808
1,187
396
1,300
885
392
690
319
0.0
1.2
2.1
3.8
2.1
24.9
6.8
9.0
0.0
13.7
9.0
7.8
5.8
11.9
23.0
13.5
78.3
9.2
20.8
41.2
8.9
23.9
..
1.6
..
2.4
1.2
6.2
..
1.1
2.1
1.7
..
2.2
5.7
4.3
13.1
6.4
13.2
7.0
5.7
13.1
6.1
9.5
2.2
5.7
4.3
13.1
6.4
13.2
7.0
5.7
13.1
6.1
9.5
24.5
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.6
0.0
26.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
16.4
0.0
1.6
1.5
1.3
1.7
1.2
–0.2
0.5
0.4
1.6
0.0
0.6
0.6
2.6
0.2
60.3
72.1
100.0
100.0
94.1
37.9
50.9
32.9
..
..
..
..
17.5
..
47.4
..
..
..
..
91.2
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
32.1
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
..
16.5
3.9
..
7.1
..
9.9
..
16.5
3.9
..
7.1
..
9.9
1,129.5
972.9
3,545.5
1,259.7
1,218.5
1,082.5
4,087.6
1,857.2
0.7
1.1
1.6
2.8
0.5
0.8
1.0
2.2
78.3
75.7
41.3
33.9
39.3
30.5
28.9
19.8
49.9
46.7
48.1
77.7
35,768
12,861
5,077
1,671
1.8
2.5
2.2
2.7
..
0.3
0.5
8.7
0.3
1.2
2.2
5.1
11.9
6.5
4.6
5.0
11.2
6.7
4.5
5.1
2.4
1.3
0.3
1.7
2.1
2.7 T
2.7 T
1.5
1.5 T
2.0
0.6
0.2
1.1
1.4
2.4 T
2.2 T
1.1
1.1 T
56.7
46.1
64.6
79.8
32.0
37.7 T
29.7 T
52.0
50.8 T
23.2
32.3
34.9
27.5
24.6
18.6 T
19.7 T
26.6
29.2 T
61.9
41.5
43.3
53.0
55.7
83.5 T
76.3 T
59.0
52.2 T
8,256
6,227
14,244
10,739
3,368
2,181
1,379
5,241
10,715
3.2
1.9
3.4
2.1
2.1
3.7
3.2
3.9
2.3
1.9
0.4
..
0.4
1.4
9.9
12.0
3.7
2.2
2.7
1.4
1.4
1.5
4.5
2.2
5.2
6.7
0.7
5.0
4.4
6.4
7.7
4.0
6.4
5.4
5.6
10.2
5.3
4.3
6.3
7.6
4.1
6.2
5.6
7.0
6.0
2011
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
Average annual
growth
(%)
Economy
Foreign
Net official
Public
GDP
direct
development
expenditure
Total
Median Dependency per investment assistance Remittance
on
expenditure
age
ratio
capita net inflows received
inflows
education on health
(years)
(%)
(PPP $) (% of GDP)
(% of GDP)
(% of GDP) (% of GDP) (% of GDP)
2030
360.7 496.9
1,978.5 2,135.3
480.5 491.3
591.2 696.0
1,728.5 2,141.8
877.6 T 1,353.8 T
851.1 T 1,256.8 T
53.2
63.8
6,974.0 T 8,321.4 T
NOTES
a. Because data are based on national definitions of what constitutes a city or metropolitan area, crosscountry comparison should be made with caution.
b. Data refer to the most recent year available during the period specified.
c. Includes Svalbard and Jan Mayen Islands.
d. Includes Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands and Norfolk Island.
e. Includes Åland Islands.
f. Refers to an earlier year than that specified.
g. Includes Agalega, Rodrigues and Saint Brandon.
h. Includes Taiwan Province of China and excludes Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Macao
Special Administrative Region.
DEFINITIONS
Total population: De facto population in a country, area or region as of 1 July.
Average annual population growth: Average annual exponential growth rate for the period indicated.
Urban population: De facto population living in areas classified as urban according to the criteria used
by each area or country as of 1 July.
Median age: Age that divides the population distribution into two equal parts—that is, 50 percent of
the population is above that age and 50 percent is below it.
Dependency ratio: Ratio of the sum of the population ages 0–14 and that ages 65 and older to the
population ages 15–64.
table
10
GDP per capita: Gross domestic product (GDP) expressed in purchasing power parity international dollar
terms, divided by midyear population.
Foreign direct investment net inflows: Sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term
capital and short-term capital, expressed as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP).
Net official development assistance received: Disbursements of loans made on concessional terms (net
of repayments of principal) and grants by official agencies to promote economic development and welfare
in countries and territories in part I of the Development Assistance Committee list of aid recipients,
expressed as a percentage of the recipient country’s gross national income (GNI).
Remittance inflows: Earnings and material resources transferred by international migrants or refugees
to recipients in their country of origin or countries in which the migrant formerly resided, expressed as
a percentage of the receiving country’s GDP.
Public expenditure on education: Total public expenditure (current and capital) on education, expressed
as a percentage of gross domestic product (GDP).
Total expenditure on health: The sum of public and private health expenditure. It includes the provision
of health services (preventive and curative), family planning activities, nutrition activities and emergency
aid designated for health but does not include provision of water and sanitation.
MAIN DATA SOURCES
Columns 1–4, 6 and 7: UNDESA (2011).
Column 5: UNDESA (2010).
Columns 8–13: World Bank (2011a).
STATISTICAL tables
165