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MIC OUTLOOK
BUILDING TIES W I T H GREENLAND
HEW V P
AD A M I E
ALAKU
THROATSINGERS'
S U M M E R G A M E S ' 10
I S S U E 59
TH
GATHERING
ANNIVERSARY
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NUNAVIK NOTES
MAKIVIK CORPORATION
Makivik is the ethnic organization mandated to represent
and promote the interests of Nunavik. Its membership
is composed of the Inuit beneficiaries of the |ames Bay
and N o r t h e r n Q u e b e c A g r e e m e n t ( J B N Q A ) .
Makivik's responsibility is to ensure t h e proper
implementation of the political, social, and cultural benefits
of the agreement, and to manage and invest the monetary
compensation so as to enable the Inuit to become
an integral part of the northern economy.
LP A d
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B U I L D I N G T I E S WITH G R E E N L A N D
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MAKIVIK MAGAZINE
Makivik Magazine is published quarterly by Makivik's
Information Department. It is distributed free of charge
to Inuit beneficiaries of the J B N Q A .
The opinions expressed herein are not necessarily
those of Makivik Corporation or its executive.
W e welcome letters to the editor, and submissions
of articles, artwork, or photographs. Please include
your full name, address, and telephone number.
« " P / A f - / EDITOR AND DESIGN
A SAO"
3>< / Isabelle Dubois
Ab^'nn
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/ ASSISTANT EDITOR
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( M l ' S i V ^
/ OTHER WRITERS
J r S c A[>b< / locelyn Barrett
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A f l ' < - / Phebe Bentley
Se~) < n.
/ Charles Dorais
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' P r f l n . / Stephen Hendrie
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o-l>" db-A / Neil Greig
>' c L " / Paule Lamarche
?AC> e_Q.ru / Robert Lanari
LAd
L d D n . / Michael McGoldrick
!><A / Victoria Okpik
OCT
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C'Sc< D ^ / Taqralik Partridge
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CONFERENCE I N C O L U M B I A
NEW
V - P A D A M I E ALAKU
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STAFF CORNER
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FIRST THROATSINGERS' CONFERENCE
S U M M E R G A M E S ' 10TH ANNIVERSARY
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2001
SEPTEMBER 11TH, 2001
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LEGAL T I P S
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Ka-<
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IV
< r ' _ ' / Minnie Amidlak
PC O C J ' C . . / Rhoda Atagotaaluk
Lc "bD-S / Martha Kauki
&< A . ' 3 ' / Eva Pilurtuut
ST
> . r ' / Sammy Putulik
A W f i r ^ ' c A ' / ADDITIONAL ASSISTANCE
S*C
O c d / Chantai Alaku
LC A V C A ^ j ' / Martha Inukpuk-lqaluk
PA<r r P J " / Winnie Mickeyook
o_V <c-S / Nancy Palliser
SAc-r
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Ccr
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CONSTITUTIONALLY S P E A K I N G
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FAMILY ECONOMICS
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CULTURE: THROATSINGING
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MAKIVIK INFORMATION
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Many thanks to all the Makivik staff w h o helped
make this publication a success.
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DEPARTMENT
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HANDS ON OUR FUTURE: SUSAN AGLUKARK
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When we look at a calendar, it tells us that
winter is not here yet, at least for another
m o n t h . But w h e n we look outside,
it's a different story. It is certainly starting
to feel like winter: the days are shorter;
almost everything is covered with snow;
and the cold air is invigorating. The forthcoming season gives us a new perspective, the bright snow opening our eyes
to an array of opportunities that were
once hidden behind melancholic clouds
coloring the sky in a depressive gray.
It is when our eyes are opened that we
can see. Only then can we find the
inspiration to achieve new endeavours.
We open up to
new
horizons
and
encounter a new outlook on things. Visiting
our Creenlandic neighbours for instance,
enabled us to c o m pare our w a y s of
doing business and
discover new possibilities, w h i c h could
further the economic
d e v e l o p m e n t of our
region, Nunavik.
It is also with this zestful energy
brought by the new season that we will
tackle our responsibilities, which, for one,
are to protect and promote our own culture.
Following a first throatsingers' gathering
a new working group will work towards
achieving this g o a l , w h i c h is the safeguard of this unique art of ours. This is
the start of something, which might eventually lead to something of a greater
extent: the safeguard of our Inuit heritage.
It is not only a new season but a new
era that is upon us, one that will bring us
a step further.
LP'Al,' OH^bLr-HC
D H c - H C 4 . H OCT
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C O V E R P H O T O BY J E A N - F R A N Ç O I S L E B L A N C
MAKIVIK V P ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ADAMIE
ALAKU W I T H C L O T H I N G D E S I G N E R V I C K I E O K P I K
J B N Q A FACT
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THE JAMES BAY AND NORTHERN QUEBEC AGREEMENT, 1 9 9 8
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C i r 55 ^dLo- (L<A<T 336)
Section 23: Environment and Future Development
North of the 55th Parrallel (page 336)
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a) The protection of Native people, societies, communities and economies, with respect to developmental
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23.2.4 The concerned responsible governments and the
agencies created in virtue of this Section shall within the
limits of their respective jurisdictions or functions, as the
case may be, give due consideration to the following
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b) The environmental and social protection regime with
respect to minimizing the impacts on the Native people
by developmental activity affecting the region;
c) The protection of the hunting, fishing and trapping
rights of Native people in the Region and their other
rights therein with respect to developmental activity
affecting the Region;
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NUNAVIK
NOTES
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YEAR
NG
CELEBRATE
Mother Nature provided perfect weather on Saturday August 4th for the re-enactment of the 1701 Great Peace Treaty. The document was signed in Montreal in the same location 300 years ago, though over the span of several days. Contemporary festival
organizers transformed a corner of Old Montreal into replicas of the
time, complete with costumed performers. So it was under blazing
sunshine that a flotilla of 30 canoes made up of 39 Indian tribes paddled into Montreal's modern old port, where they were met by representatives of New France.
The re-enacted ceremony was held in front of a capacity crowd
in the old town, as if it were 1 701. Following the signature of the Great
Peace Treaty, our modern political leaders gave speeches to highlight
the importance of commemorating this event.
Among the dignitaries were Quebec Premier Bernard Landry,
Canadian Minister Pierre Pettigrew, Quebec AFN Leader Ghislain
Picard, Montreal Mayor Pierre Bourque, and a representative of
the French Government which loaned the original 1 701 Treaty to
the festival organizers for the occasion.
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Taqralik,
1976
Issue
4,
October
1976
N E W C O M M U N I T Y S I T E AT R I C H M O N D G U L F
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The proposed new community site on Richmond Gulf
was visited by Charlie Tookalook, Robbie Tookalook, Eli
Weetaluktuk, Eric Val and R.C. Zimmerman on
September 7, 1976. The problems of locating a new village in this site were discussed by the field party and the
rest of the Great Whale Community Council at a special
meeting held in the evening of the same day. The same
problems were also presented by the community council and by Eli Weetaluktuk to a community general
assembly held on September 8, 1976. The Lands and
Environment team will now select new relocation sites
north of Richmond Gulf from aerial photos.
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As a fundraiser for a 2001 graduation trip to Cuba, a cookbook was produced
by six students from Kajusivik Adult Ed, in Kuujjuaq. Secretarial and Accounting
graduating students Eva Jonas, Cathy Ford, Sarah Annahatak, Sheila Nigiuruvik,
Linda Cordon and Janice Oouvaut, along with their teacher Austin Greene,
collected recipes from people and books, which were to form the Nunavik
Cookbook. Most recipes in the Nunavik Cookbook are made with country food,
while others are just popular recipes amongst Nunavimmiut. The Nunavik
Cookbook contains appetizers, soups, breads, salads, main meals and,
of course, desserts! You'll find recipes such as baked stuffed arctic
char, ptarmigan stew, bannock, mussel marinara, and many more.
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ABORIGINAL PEOPLES SURVEY (APS II): SURVEY OF LIVING
CONDITIONS I N THE CIRCUMPOLAR ARCTIC (SLICA)
The Aboriginal Peoples Survey is being conducted in Nunavik between October 15 and Novembei
Peoples Survey has been developed and created by Aboriginal People, including representatives from national f
organizations. Current statistics on Aboriginal People are not accurate. You can help change that by participate
Aboriginal Peoples Survey. You can rest assured that your personal information will remain confidential. This survey i
order to gather information on the lifestyle and living conditions of Aboriginal People in Canada. Results from the A
Peoples Survey will provide an accurate picture of life at the community level. Reports from the Aboriginal Peoples Si
also be used by your community to ensure equal access to government programs, services and funding Your opinioi
people
to conauct
local Employment
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The sprawling Montreal Botanical Garden now includes a new section devoted
to aboriginal peoples. Officially unveiled August 2, 2001, the new garden contains
plants and installations from Quebec's aboriginal communities.
Singing and dancing provided suitable atmosphere during the opening ceremony,
which featured the planting of a symbolic pine tree.
Aboriginal leaders, notably outgoing Avataq President Robbie Watt, incoming
President Charlie Arngak, and Vice-President Isaacie Padlayat, were present for the
event, hosted by Innu singer Florent Voilant.
A stone Inukshuk is featured as a permanent installation representing Inuit culture.
An interpretation centre has been built, including a boutique, among the pine trees
of the garden. The 2.5-acre site contains more than 300 plant species, and over 5,000
trees. The Botanical Garden is located at 4101 Sherbrooke Street East in Montreal. For
a virtual tour, visit: www.ville.montreal.qc.ca/jardin/jardin.htm
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Y O U
PROGRAM
The Federal Government funds the Inuit Art Foundation to operate a "Cultural Industries Training Program". This program
provides six months of training in art administration and exhibition, as well as curator, for Inuit interested in developing careers
or obtaining employment in the cultural sector. The program is opened to individuals of Inuit ancestry and it describes itself
as a "bridge" to careers in retail art marketing, arts administration, and museum and art gallery exhibition.
Training under this program takes place in Ottawa over a 24-week period, from October to March each year. It is
provided through classroom instruction as well as through work placement within organizations such as Parks Canada,
the Canadian Museum of Civilization, the National Gallery of Canada, etc. A weekly allowance is available for eligible students
enrolled in the Cultural Industries Training Program. Moreover, students receive monthly bus passes, and assistance with
childcare expenses can be arranged.
For more details
about
this program,
contact
Henry
Kudluk
at the Inuit Art Foundation,
at (613)
224-8189,
extension
24.
FOUR N U N A V I M M I U T COMPLETE T R A I N I N G
FOR W O R K A B O A R D N E A S C A R G O V E S S E L S
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Last July, Adamie Etok of Kangiqsualujjuaq , Tommy Tooma of Kuujjuaq,
Joseph Kauki and Sandy Kritik ofTasiujaq attended a three-week course at t h e
Nova Scotia Community College Nautical Institute in Port Hawkesbury. This
customized program was meant to prepare them to work aboard marine
cargo vessels. During that training, they learned all the basics for cargo work,
as well as the required seamanship skills for deckhands. Part of the instruction
took place in a classroom setting with information sheets and cargo models.
The recruits were introduced to the chain of command and each crewm e m b e r ' s responsibilities, to the different kinds of cargo vessels and t h e i r
equipment, to ship care, as well as to safe working practices and regulations
on board a vessel or when loading and discharging cargo. Seamanship skills
were practiced in the Nautical Institute's Rigging Workshop. Whenever
possible, field trips were arranged to vessel sites to supplement the
K n o w l e d g e gained in the classroom, as cargo vessels, tankers and bulk
carriers frequently call at the local ports of Mulgrave and Port Hawskesbury.
Adamie, Tommy, Joseph and Sandy were the first Nunavimmiut to receive such
training. Upon completion, they received a Nova Scotia Community College
Certificate of Accomplishment for Basic Cargo Work and Seamanship and certificates for Work Hazardous Material Information System (WHMIS), Occupational
Health and Safety (OHS) and Safe and Substance Free Transportation System.
Makivik is very proud of them and hopes to train more Nunavimmiut
to eventually bring the Inuit workforce aboard its vessels to a minimum of 50%.
Following the training, b o t h Adamie, who had previously worked one of the shrimp trawlers fishing under Makivik's license, and Joseph
were to embark on the MA Umiavut, NEAS' own cargo vessel. As for Sandy and Tommy, they will have the possibility to work on one
of the shrimp trawlers these coming months and perhaps aboard one of NEAS' vessels next summer.
Once the ship was loaded in Valleyfield, at the end of August, the MA Umiavut set sail for the second time on its way up North. After
spending some time at home, Joseph and Adamie were ready to start their first assignment. Besides delivering cargo to all communities
of Nunavik, the ship also stops in Arctic Bay, Pond Inlet and Clyde River, in Baffin Island, before returning to Valleyfield two months later.
While anchored on the Koksoak River, near Kuujjuaq, Makivik Vice-President of Economic Development Adamie Alaku alonq with VicePresident of Resource Development Johnny Peters, took the time to go meet Joseph and Adamie onboard the Umiavut to conqratulate
them. Captain Robert Bélanger told Mr. Alaku that he was very satisfied with the work of these two new rookies. Keep up the qood work
guys, we are proud of you!
7
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This year's edition of Aqpik Jam, the 6th of its kind since it started in 1996, took place once again at the Kuujjuaq
Forum last August, just in time for the aqpik (cloudberries) picking season. The three-day festival combined
a great variety of music with games and draws for everyone. For the second time, the Kuujjuaq Youth Croup
launched the event with an array of songs and drumming. Led by Akinisie Sivuarrapik of Puvirnituq, the young
voices also displayed their talents throatsinging. The Olsen Kids, from Kuujjuaq's twin in Greenland, Aasiaat
(see article on page 1 7), were also a hit with the young public, inspiring them with their lively techno music and
style. Their music has been playing on the local radio ever since. Hypnotist Blair Robertson was back again this
year to hypnotize the audience with his skillful
techniques, having participants throatsinging on
stage and imitating the goose call, filling the Forum
with laughter. The famous Pilipusi Koonelusie of
Pangnirtung certainly caught the crowd's attention
with his goofy performance. Later during evening
shows, the bands Maannakut of Puvirnituq and Isit,
also from Aasiaat, rocked the place, rivaling with
Honeymoon Suite, an old-time Canadian rock band
from Toronto. Musicians from all around Nunavik
and Nunavut, as well as southern bands were also
well received amid local talent.
Despite a drizzly sky, customary fireworks took
place on the last night of this popular event to top
off the week with an explosion of light and color.
Organized by local volunteers from Kuujjuaq, Aqpik
jam is sponsored by Kuujjuamiut Inc, the Kativik
Regional G o v e r n m e n t , Makivik C o r p o r a t i o n ,
the Northern Village of Kuujjuaq and many other
local businesses.
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"On the Hoof" is a new section of Makivik
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subsidiary
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The new product was
approved for the US
markets only days
before the show. Also
featured at the show
was the Caribou Stew
in red wine sauce.
Normal conditions in
the market dictate
that it will be four or
five months before we
receive firm orders,
however we started
production of the Pâté
for this market in
August. It is estimated
that we will sell over 36,000 units in the US over the next twelve
months. This will almost double our annual production.
o-'Po-' C d ' S ^ n V A ^ T D '
At t h e N e w York F a n c y F o o d S h o w
Nunavik Arctic F
The company continues to introduce new products to its line in
order to increase the exposure of Nunavik products in the food
market. We are continuing to develop products from shrimp that
will be sold under the Nunavik Arctic Foods brand. The Nunavik
Arctic Foods brand has generated considerable interest in the world
trade and we look forward to increase our involvement in this
market over the next number of years.
In addition to promoting our own products, we will try and
introduce the Nunavik region at shows we attend. This will be
accomplished by introducing promotion materials from the
Nunavik Tourism Association.
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The Nunavik Arctic F o o d s ' t e a m ( f r o m left to r i g h t ) :
Marc Allard, Yves H e n r i , Neil C r e i g a n d A d a m i e Alaku
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Nunavik Arctic Foods introduced the four flavours of Caribou Pâté
to the US market at the New York Fancy Food Show in July.
Response to the product was very positive and was featured
on CNN news programs, which is estimated to have been viewed
by at least 20 million people in the US and Canada.
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Two new flavours of the Nunavik Arctic Foods' Caribou Pâté have
been introduced to the Canadian market in August: one with
apples and apple cider, and another one with red currents and
Madeira. Results are not yet known but these two new Caribou
Pâté will increase shelf space for NAF products in all markets.
We hope to introduce this product in the Co-ops in October.
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Makivik Corporation.
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beneficiaries informed of the efforts carried out by this division.
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As of the date of writing, we are doing a survey for
Icelandic scallop in the deeper waters of Ungava Bay,
approximately mid way between Akpatok Island and
Killiniq. The vessel "Ryan & Sisters II" from Newfoundland
is performing the survey; the vessel is a 65-foot vessel
designed for scallop fishing. The vessel will operate in the
two areas that were identified in previous surveys from
1987. Should sufficient resources be discovered we would
continue the work in the following years.
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The offshore shrimp fishery continues as usual, with high
catches and unfortunately very low prices, as you may
have probably heard from fishermen in your community.
This is due to the fact that Canada is now the largest pro­
ducer of cold water shrimp. We do not expect any great
improvement in the market for at least one more year. As
usual, we are recruiting crew on an annual basis and will be
having another Pre-Sea training course this fall in Inukjuak.
Applicants should contact their local Employment and
Training representatives for more information.
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Sealskins from various commu­
nities have been collected and
are being tanned in Quebec
City. When these are completed,
they will be returned to Kuujjuaq
and made available for projects.
Makivik Corporation is conti­
nuing the seal skins purchase
program in the communities as
a mechanism for creating
employment
opportunities.
Contact your local Makivik
board member for more infor­
mation on this program.
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An experimental project was carried out last fall between
the Fisheries Division and Natsiq, a joint venture with
Qikiqtaaluk Corp and Makivik Corporation, to collect
ringed seal oil, which is used in Natsiq's puriOmega cap­
sules as an essential nutrient for growth and development,
and powerful inhibitor of inflammation. This project was
also done in cooperation with the Hunters Support pro­
gram of Kangiqsujuaq. We would like to take this opportu­
nity to compliment the HSP on the packaging for shipment
to the processing plant in the South.
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Kalingo Angutigirk of Salluit cutting the ribbon on the new Dash 8, along with
Air Inuit President Peter Horsman (right), Captain Norm Noez,
Captain Julien Larouche and Flight Attendant Isabelle Simoneau
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Air Inuit is pleased to report that the introduction
of a second Dash 8 to the Scheduled service network was
initiated on August 1 0 as forecast, with a ribbon cutting
ceremony by the mayors of the communities affected.
Following its purchase in late June, the aircraft underwent
detailed inspection and modifications, according to AIL
fleet standards for Nunavik service, at Air Atlantic's shop
in St-John's, Newfoundland. The aircraft will initially fly
on Monday and Friday, and service the upper Hudson
Coast between Puvirnituq and Salluit. On these days,
the Puvirnituq Twin Otter will fly to Akulivik at 8:00 and
again at 17:00, connecting with both the Dash 8,
and allowing inter-community traffic for one-day visits
between Akulivik and Puvirnituq. With this sched addition,
it is now possible for travellers in all communities
in Nunavik to travel to or from Dorval with no more than
four stops. The new Dash 8 will be used for charters
during other periods until traffic builds enough to warrant
more scheduled days. The addition of this aircraft
represents an investment by AIL of roughly $5,000,000,
so all of us at Air Inuit hope you all catch a "travelling bug"
and fly very, very much.
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In order to encourage that "travelling bug" mentioned
above, the Board of Directors has approved the distribu­
tion of a second issue of the Ilaujuq program this fall.
Additionally, in view of the increased capacity with the
second Dash 8, this issue will include Dorval as an eligible
destination. Once printing is completed, the certificates
will be issued to each community in plenty of time for
pre-Christmas travel planning.
%%
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ILAUJUQ F O R T H C O M I N G
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TRANSPORT C A N A D A A U D I T
During the period April 1 7 through May 4 , Air Inuit
underwent a comprehensive Transport Canada Audit
in all departments. During the three-week period, 1 4 TC
inspectors examined all aspects of AIL's Flight, Cabin,
Maintenance, Cargo and Training operations. While AIL
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perennially strives for continual improvement with regard
to our first priority, Flight Safety, we are pleased to report
that the results of the audit were favourable.
SEPAQ CONTRACT
We are pleased to announce that Air Inuit was recently
awarded a three-year contract for one HS748 by SEPAQ,
Quebec. This seasonal work, from mid-August to midDecember, will involve moving passengers and cargo
to and from Anticosti Island. The aircraft will be based
in Mont-Joli for at least the first season, which begins on
August 25. The reception of this contract allows us to put
our fourth HS748 to work for at least part of the year and
further enabled us to proceed with the second Dash 8
program. We wish our crews safe flights and good luck
with this new project.
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GREENLAND VISIT
On Thursday August 30, Air Inuit's new Dash 8 was chartered
by a Nunavik group for a trip to Aasiaat, Greenland.
Organized by KRG President Johnny Adams, the delegation
included various members of the Nunavik community, who
made the trip in order to renew acquaintances and encourage the social and potentially commercial ties between
Greenland and Nunavik communities (see story on page 17).
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B U I L D I N G SOCIAL AND COMMERCIAL
TIES WITH GREENLAND
In 1995, Makivik decided to explore the possibilities of economic exchange with Greenland. A budget was approved by
the Board of Directors, and the Economic Development Department, under Mark T. Gordon at the time, was mandated
to establish contact with this neighbouring country. A first trip to South Greenland took place in September of that year,
to Narsaq and Qaqortoq. The purpose of the trip was to find out how they use their own raw materials, such as sealskin,
sheep wool and even ice, to make finished products and create jobs locally; and to see how similar ideas could be applied
in Nunavik. In September of 1998, another trip was planned, this time to North Greenland, to llulissat. Once again,
the objective of this visit was to identify possibilities for economic development, mainly to see if they were interested
in our products, such as caribou and other country food products. A big producer of halibut fish, llulissat could be a great
candidate for trade with Nunavik.
During those two visits, both Narsaq and llulissat mayors showed interest in entering a sistership with Kuujjuaq.
During the 1998 ICC conference in Nuuk, Kuujjuaq Mayor Michael Gordon had also met with Ane Hansen, Mayor
of Aasiaat, one of the largest communities of Greenland, whom had shown interest in a sistership with Kuujjuaq as well.
In June of 1999, a first delegation from Kuujjuaq - including Mayor Michael Gordon, members of the Municipal Council,
KRG Chairman Johnny Adams, as well as Makivik's Vice-President for Economic Development, Mark T. Cordon,
and assistant Tikile Kleist - was sent to Aasiaat to work on the grounds of a twinning agreement between the two
communities. It was decided that the Secretary Treasurer of Aasiaat and Kuujjuaq, Ian Robertson, would prepare
a document to be signed by both parties during a later visit from Aasiaat representatives to Kuujjuaq. On October 4, 1999,
a twinning agreement with Aasiaat was signed in Kuujjuaq by both mayors. Written and signed in all three languages
- Inuttitut, Creenlandic and English - the agreement declares the following:
"The two municipalities
promise each other to mutually advance efforts to strengthen
the friendship between the two
towns,
and with that, the two countries in which they are located, in order to strengthen
their mutual understanding
and
respect,
language,
culture, social and international
understanding.
"
due to their mutual Inuit background,
The twinning agreement also states both communities' intent
to cooperate in areas such as business development, tourism,
culture and education. Since then, a delegation of Kuujjuamiut
has been travelling to Aasiaat during the local Rock Festival,
Nipiaa 2000 and 2001 (see story on page 17), while Aasiaat
delegates continue to attend Kuujjuaq's annual Aqpik Jam
(see story on page 9).
For Makivik, the agreement between the two municipa­
lities was another opportunity to investigate other possibilities
for economic exchange between Nunavik and Greenland.
A business-oriented trip to Aasiaat was organized in May of 2000,
to learn more about how sealskin is used to make different products
such as garment. Makivik also maintains its relationships with
other Greenland communities. Another delegation went to
Narsaq last June to renew acquaintances and share economic
views, including new Vice-President for Economic Development
Adamie Alaku and Designer Vickie Okpik (see following story).
It has been a lifelong dream for me to visit Greenland. When I was a little girl, I read about Greenland in National
Geographic, and since then I have always wanted to see the land of the icebergs. If you are looking for a serene place with
beautiful scenery, it is a definite destination for you. Greenland is the most peaceful place that I have been to so far.
I went with a group of 28 people from Nunavik: representatives from different organizations such as Kativik Regional
Government (KRG), Makivik Corporation, the Federation of Co-ops (FCNQ) and Nunavik Tourism Association (NTA), throat singers,
accordion players and elders. When we arrived in Narsarsuaq on June 20th, en route to Narsaq, a town of about 2500 people
in southern Greenland, we were captivated by the endless procession of mountains. The three-hour boat ride to get to Narsaq
was beautiful. During this business-oriented visit to Narsaq,
we stayed at the school residence for waiters and cooks.
The first day of our visit, June 21st, it was Greenland Day.
My roommate and I woke up early to go see the local choir sing.
I could hardly sleep the night before; I was as excited as a little
girl who just got a new bike. In Canada it was also Aboriginal
Day, so we celebrated along with Greenlanders. We had a won­
derful Greenlandic country food feast at somebody's house.
There was mattaq, nikkuk and many other delightful foods. In
the evening, we saw some local singers at the community hall,
where we also had our throat singers, Evie Mark and Akinisie
Sivuaraapik, demonstrate their talent. They were very popular.
Accordion players Eva Deer and Jusipi Keleutak from my home­
town, Quaqtaq, also played some tunes while we danced.
The first thing I noticed when I arrived in Greenland is
that everybody walks. There are no four-wheelers, therefore
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no dust flying everywhere, and hardly any vehicle in Narsaq. Everyone seems to be fit, both young and old. You have to
realize that the roads are not on flat land, they are on hills and mountains. After a couple of days, I think we were all sore.
The next morning, we visited the Eskimo Pels, which sells all kinds of sealskin products. I was very anxious to visit this place
because I was told that Greenland makes the most beautiful sealskin products and, as a fashion designer myself, I wanted to find
out first hand how they run this kind of business. I was told that there are 26 private owners in this company. We saw the most
beautiful jackets, pants, hats and mittens made from sealskin. Eskimo Pels hires ten sewers who work in their back store and have
different functions in their production line. There is one designer, two fur sewers, two people sewing linings, one person that
attaches linings to the sealskin, one person putting on buttons, two other people cutting fur, and one person doing the final touch
ups. I think that what they do is very important to their country, in a way that they make Greenland known for its beautiful
sealskin garments. I think we can learn from them by making our own products, which could be recognized as genuine Nunavik
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products. It does not have to be sealskin, it can be down parkas
o r
amautiks made from Nunavik.
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Qaqortoq,
neighbouring
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town, which is the most populated community in South Greenland,
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itants. It took us about an hour by boat,
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g h the icebergs, to reach the town. We stayed for the night,
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H M i K
E E S ' another student residence. In Qaqortoq, our purpose was to go
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see the biggest sealskin tannery in all of Greenland. The tannery
^
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d by the home rule government and they have invested a lot
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sealskin is the number one product that
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^ H H t t A Greenland is known for. The tannery produces 100,000 skins
B i per year. A skin goes through 33 steps to be cleaned, from start
ML to finish. Greenland hunters send their skins to Great Greenland,
where the hunter is paid between $73 to $90 for a class A skin,
$64 to $73 for a class B and $27 for a class C.
On the last day, we went back to Narsaq, where it now felt
like going home. That evening we were invited to a barbecue at
someones home and we had an exchange of music from Nunavik
and Greenland. This trip will certainly be my most memorable
travelling experience and I think that all of us who went feel the same
way. People were very nice to us and the land is beautiful indeed.
mm
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AASIAAT: ACTIVE A N D YOUTHFUL
Once again this year, a delegation of Kuujjuamiut and performers from all around Nunavik left for Greenland on the Labour Day
long weekend, to visit their sister community, Aasiaat. We left Kuujjuaq in the morning of August 30th. After a pit stop for lunch
in Iqaluit, we landed in Aasiaat safely, early tnat evening, eager to discover other horizons and meet new people.
With a population approaching 4000 (300 of which live in nearby settlements of Akunnaaq and Kitsissuarsuit), Aasiaat is located
in a charming archipelago, in the southern corner of Disco Bay, in North Greenland. Protected by a vast number of islands,
the rich wildlife and fishing grounds surrounding Aasiaat have attracted people for thousands of years. Known as the town
of the whales, Aasiaat was originally settled in 1759 to prevent European whalers from bartering with the Greenlanders. Today's
population dates its roots back to Inuit who settled down in the area around the year 1200. While they spent the winter in their
settlements, travelling by dog sled, in the spring, they moved further south to hunt harp seals and catch capelin. In the summer,
they went to the mouth of the fjord to catch halibut fish and hunt reindeer, before returning to their settlements in the fall
on their umiaq, where they hunted small seals and sometimes narwhals by qajaq.
A
FLOURISHING
ECONOMY
Over the last century, Aasiaat has become a very active town and now offers all the modern facilities necessary for today's life. After
World War II, a salting house was built for the preservation of the large amounts of cod that were fished at the time. The cod
was salted, packed and exported to catholic countries. Later, a cold store was built on the island, which meant a large number
of seasonal jobs for the local people and, thus, opportunities for a good income.
Fishing still plays a big part of Aasiaat's economy. Every day, we can see a fleet of boats, big or small, leaving from its harbour,
off to the sea. The industry is developing rapidly. A modern shrimp and crab factory was built in 1987, with a storage capacity
sufficiently large enough for the population to secure winter employment as well. Aasiaat also has its own shipbuilding yard
to optimize the fleet and ensure that it stays in good shape to meet the supply demand of this new fish processing plant.
Though fishing is by far the most dominant occupation,
Aasiaat is also involved in manufacturing sealskin products. It has
its own fur sewing center, Ameq Aasiaat, which prepares hides to
produce very nice sealskin clothes; from parkas, kamiks, mitts and
hats to dress pants and vests, and even purses and school bags.
Very fashion-oriented, the young people of Aasiaat can
also find a number of clothing shops, amongst the other
service institutions that the town offers. Aasiaat has also
opened a workshop where citizens can make art crafts,
and where one can find fine jewelry, often made of reindeer
antlers, ivory, and sometimes even whalebone.
Aasiaat is also very well organized in terms of tourism. Their
tourism office offers many activities such as boat trips where you
can go whale watching or visit nearby settlements, sea fishing,
kayaking, hiking, and a guided town walk. Their staff, Frederik,
Carla and Adam, were very nice people, making us feel
welcome and always willing to help in any way they could.
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A N EDUCATION A N D CULTURAL CENTER
The town of Aasiaat has traditionally been the education center of North Greenland. The town used to be known as the place
where catechists were educated. Today, the town has attracted many educational institutions offering various vocational programs,
including one of Greenland's upper secondary boarding school, which prepares students for entrance to university through a threeyear course. This explains why you meet so many young people when walking the streets of Aasiaat.
NIPIAA
ROCK
FESTIVAL
2001
Over the years, music has become a very important element of the
Greenlandic culture. With all these young people in town, Aasiaat
is very active in this area. In 1981, NIPIAA, one of the first musicians
clubs in Greenland was created. The main goals of NIPIAA are to
improve conditions for musicians in Aasiaat and to create ties
between musicians of all ages. NIPIAA offers a great opportunity
for youngsters to spend their spare time actively by making prac­
tice rooms and music equipment available, as well as by regularly
organizing live concerts and dance parties locally, with bands from
all over Greenland. With the help of its chairman Peter Olsen,
as well as Peter Gedionsen, the club organized the first NIPIAA
Rock Festival, in 1999. The happening, also featuring bands from
overseas, was such a success that it became an annual event.
Held in Aasiaat's Rock Temple from August 29th to September 1st, NIPIAA 2001 was, once again, a huge success,
with bands playing every night until the early hours of the morning. Along with a few Greenlandic bands and a Punk band
from the Faroe Islands, two bands from Nunavik were invited to perform at the Rock Festival. Upon our arrival in Aasiaat,
Kuujjuamiut Edward Snowball and his band, Sinuupa, played in front of a young and frantic audience. Sinuupa's funky
sound received a warm welcome, as the avid crowd kept asking for more. The next evening, it was Angava's turn to have
the audience almost jumping to the roof. Also from Kuujjuaq, it was not Angava's first time in Greenland, having
performed at NIPIAA last year, as well as in Nuuk during the 2000 Arctic Winter Games and the 1998 ICC conference.
Lead by singer Ben Watt, guitarists Derek Tagoona and Hughes Cloutier, bass player Fred Parsons and drummer Willis
Tagoona, the metal band was definitely a hit with the young Greenlandic crowd. Both bands were so popular that they were
saluted as stars; young people shouting their name and stopping them in the middle of the streets for their autograph!
A MINI AQPIK JAM IN AASIAAT
As part of the Rock Festival events, NIPIAA also organized what they
called a "mini Aqpik jam". Presented earlier in the evening, the event was
aimed at a more peaceful crowd, ideal for a family's night out. Prepared
in collaboration with Kuujjuaq's Aqpik Jam Committee, the recital fea­
tured a number of performers from Nunavik, along with local talent.
Throatsingers Akinisie Sivuaraapik of Puvirnituq and Emma Grey
of Kangirsuk opened and closed this musical event with a few melodies,
getting the attention of a very enthusiastic public. Accordionist Edward
May of Kuujjuaq also played a few lively tunes, getting fellow
Kuujjuamiut to join him on stage for a jig and spreading excitement
in the crowd. Elisapie Isaac of Salluit then went on with a few songs
of her own, along with guitarist Alain Auger. Her beautiful voice
captivated the audience, bringing emotion to a peak, as she sang
in Inuttitut about her mother passing away. Elisapie is presently working
lisapie Isaac and guitarist Alain Auger
on an album, Taima, which she hopes will be out within the next year.
Nivissat, a local band consisting of three young girls singing traditional
songs and dancing to their new techno pop sounds, then came
AC i>"S' V ' O b V o - <T-.AT_(S>r«_- D*)
Our friends in Aasiaat: A n e H a n s e n ( r i g h t ) ,
in and stole the show. They were such a hit with the young public that
P e t e r Olsen a n d his lovely w i f e ( l e f t )
KRG Chairman Johnny Adams decided to invite them for next year's
Aqpik Jam in Kuujjuaq.
1
We all had a good time on our trip to Greenland. After a couple of days
in Aasiaat, we felt like part of the community. While most performers
stayed at the Seamen's Home, a friendly hotel located by the harbour,
the rest of us were welcomed into the homes of our friends in Aasiaat.
On our last evening in Aasiaat, Town Council member and former Mayor
Ane Hansen, an amazing woman, and her husband, invited us over to
feast on Greenland's finest country foods: reindeer meat and nikkuk, seal
meat and intestines, smoked halibut, dried capelin, fish eggs dip, shrimp
and, of course, whale meat and mattaq. From Ane's house, we had the
opportunity to observe the peaceful giants, the whales, which were orig­
inally the reason for founding Aasiaat. Meanwhile, gigantic icebergs were
quietly gliding in the still water, reminding us that it would soon be our
turn to migrate back home oversea.
For m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n A a s i a a t , c o n t a c t t h e tourism office at a a s i a a t . t o u r i s t @ g r e e n n e t . g l
or visit their W e b site at w w w . g r e e n l a n d - g u i d e . d k / a a s i a a t - t o u r i s t
For m o r e i n f o r m a t i o n o n t h e Nipiaa Rock Festival, c o n t a c t Nipiaa C h a i r m a n P e t e r Olsen
at p o l s @ a a s i a t . g l or visit N i p i a a s W e b site at w w w . n i p i a a . g l
1
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I N T E R N A T I O N A L A S S O C I A T I O N FOR I M P A C T A S S E S S M E N T
( I A I A ) H O L D S ITS 21ST A N N U A L C O N F E R E N C E
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Once a year the International Association for Impact
Assessment (IAIA) conference gathers proponents, government representatives, specialists from universities and
Indigenous Peoples from all around the world to share their
thoughts and experiences on the integration of major development projects into the surrounding communities. How can
projects like mining, hydroelectric or pipelines benefit communities? How can people participate in the decision making
process of these projects? These are the sorts of questions that
IAIA helps answer.
The 21 st edition of the conference was held from May 26
to June 1, 2001, in Cartagena, Columbia, in South America.
Johnny Peters, Makivik Vice-President for the Resources
Development Department, and I, Robert Lanari, Director of
projects for the same department, attended the conference.
Both of us have to deal on a regular basis with many issues
related to the Raglan mine. Attending such a conference
insures a state-of-the-art approach in our dealing with this
specific project and increases benefits for Nunavik.
Prior to the conference, we
attended a technical visit to the
Rosario Archipelago National Park,
which is an hour away by boat
from Cartagena. The particularity
of this site, located in the Pacific
Ocean, is that it is made of coral
reefs, and it has three salt-water
lakes. The year-round inhabitants,
fishermen and their families, live
inland, far from the shores, in poor
wooden houses with no electricity,
sewage systems or water. In fact,
all drinking water is rainwater or
water brought in from Cartagena.
Over the years, rich people from Columbia, mostly drug
traffickers, bought the waterfront around the island to build
their secondary residences. Consequently, the fishermen were
pushed inland, losing direct access to the ocean.
A few years ago, the Colombian government took over the
land of a jailed drug trafficker and gave it back to the fishermen. This lot is unfortunately away from the sea but, nevertheless, the fishermen started to build new wooden houses
after their working days. A "new village" of about five hundred
units will be completed shortly. However, there is no planning
and the impacts on the population were not evaluated which
may cause surprises when these families, who now live in small
groups scattered on the island, will have to learn to live together.
This visit was very informative, as one could learn that
the impact assessments, the main purpose of the IAIA,
cannot be applied everywhere, even in the country hosting
the conference.
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(DarwinUniversity,Australia)
Left to right: Chrissy Grant (Australian Heritage Commission), Robert Lanari, Johnny Peters, Real Courcelles (Hydro-Québec), Paule Lamarche, Siva Ram Vemun (Darwin University, Australia)
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This year, around 600
people attended the conference. As usual, subjects
for discussions w e r e
many. Dozens of concurrent sessions dealt with
a multitude of subjects
ranging from the very
technical to the general:
Tools and Techniques,
Integration of Social
Assessment in Environmental Assessment,
Health Assessment, Bio
diversity and Public participation in impact
assessment, etc. For our
part, we have concentrated
our efforts in the Indigenous Peoples session, which was entitled Impact
of Resource Development and Urbanization on Indigenous
People.
The main goal of this session was to develop a handbook on indigenous knowledge and environmental impact
assessments. This handbook, meant to be a guide for
governments and proponents, will describe the Indigenous
Peoples' point of views, improve the capacity of proponents to develop ways of working with the various
communities, and develop principles for the best practices.
A draft document will be worked on during the year. It will
then be submitted to the Indigenous Section's members
next year for review and discussions. A final document will,
hopefully, be available in late 2002.
One interesting and fascinating presentation
was made by Mr. Alonso Zarzar of the World Bank
(Washington, USA), who spoke about an isolated group of
Indigenous Peoples from the South Eastern Peruvian
Amazon, which has for the first time been contacted by
a promoter during the construction of a gas pipeline. He
presented the results of a social assessment carried out at
various stages of the fieldwork, between 1977 and 1997.
He depicted the situation of these vulnerable people, the
dilemmas they are facing and their alternatives for survival.
The Indigenous Peoples' Section concluded its session
by discussing next year's conference theme, which will be
How to do business with Indigenous Peoples.
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D U
ALAKU:
DEVELOPMENT
On April 6, 2001, Adamie O. Alaku was elected through
universal elections and became a Makivik Executive, as the
new Vice-President for the Economic Development
Department. Mark T. Gordon of Kuujjuaq had held this
position for a period of over eleven years. Running against
seven other candidates, Adamie took on the responsibility
of the Makivik Economic Development Department, with
the support of 501 votes. When asked what made him run
for the position, Adamie notes: "I wanted to promote
economic development in Nunavik. From my previous
job experience, I felt more confident in managing
a department and its various staff, as well as in dealing with
the public at a regional level." Before taking on the
Executive position at Makivik, Adamie was the Airport
Coordinator and then the Transport Department Head
for the Kativik Regional Government, and managed
the fourteen airports in Nunavik for four years.
A d a m i e was born in Salluit,
in 1956, and raised with his five
siblings on the Nottingham Island,
on the Hudson's Strait, which was
a marine weather station at the
time. In 1958, his father, Adamie
Sr., had a job for the Canadian
Department of Transport and
moved the whole family there
with him. They moved back to
Salluit in 1964.
Adamie is well known for having
been a pilot for Air Inuit, for
a number of years. He started as
a Twin Otter co-pilot in 1983,
being one of the Inuit pioneers
flying for the Inuit owned airline.
He eventually became pilotin-command (Captain) on HS 748
aircraft. "Myself and two gentle­
men from Inukjuak were the very
first fully Inuit crew on the HS 748:
captain, co-pilot and flight atten­
dant", says Adamie. Flying heli­
copters, which he is also qualified
for, was his initial career dream.
But at the time, in the early
1980's, there was no helicopter
company in the North and he
could not secure a job with
southern companies. Adamie had to revise his career plans.
Meanwhile, Air Inuit was born and made Adamie's dream
of flying come true. Adamie flew with Air Inuit until 1996.
He also did some flying for Kuujjuaq based Atai Air
Charters, between 1998 and 2000.
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After leaving Air Inuit, Adamie settled for some time in his
home community, in Salluit. He worked for about a year for
the local municipal corporation, for which he eventually
became the Municipal Manager. He then applied to KRC
1
for the position of Airport Coordinator and was
a successful candidate. Having been in the airline
ustry for many years, he was well aware of the
uirements of airport management. He soon moved
Kuujjuaq to assume this new responsibility. While
sent his family by aircraft, he navigated through
wilderness by snowmobile for four days, from
uit to Kuujjuaq, where he was to start his new life.
rking at KRG's Transportation Department proved to be
h educational and fruitful for Adamie, as he gained
confidence while working with diverse groups of experts
individuals. With his ability to work with others,
ained the trust of his colleagues and was able to turn
und a significant deficit situation to more appropriate
ditions. This unique experience has led him to believe
t it was time to put his efforts to work and help
avimmiut in the areas of economic development.
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V i c e - P r e s i d e n t for the Makivik E c o n o m i c
elopment Department, Adamie's main focus is to
e a positive impact in areas pertaining to traditional
nomy and socio-economics for Nunavik. He wants
Inuit cultural practices to continue through the teaching
of elders in regards to traditional fishing, hunting and
trapping. Adamie is very well aware of the high cost of
living in Nunavik. Every chance that he has, Adamie
tries to make the various Ministers and civil servants
that he meets aware of this northern reality. Despite
high costs of living in the North, he is willing to explore
ways to maintain the passing the elders' knowledge
to the youth through traditional economy.
Under Makivik's auspices, Adamie has been working
on a clothing project, which will rely on different
programs already underway, such as the harvest of
skins and furs, as well as tanning. Makivik Designer
Vickie Okpik has already produced garments such as
parkas, silapaks and arnautiks. Thanks to the efforts
of Adamie's staff, Derek Tagoona and Charles Dorais,
the clothing project will soon have its own Web site.
In an effort to promote traditional economy through
sewing and tanning, Makivik built three new workshops last
year, in Kangirsuk, Salluit and Inukjuak. Makivik's Economic
Development Department continues its efforts to establish
small-scale local tanneries in the communities of Nunavik.
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Less than two weeks into his term, Adamie was also
appointed to the new Makivik-FCNQ working group
during an executive meeting between the two organizations. Makivik and the Federation have been coexisting for
a long time with the same kind of objectives in mind for
the population of Nunavik, but working separately. Adamie
feels that this new bridge between the two organizations
will promote dialogue and lead to greater progress, as they
will now be working together towards common goals.
Amongst the various files that Adamie assumes as VicePresident for the Economic Development Department, are
also Nunavik Arctic Foods, along with Neil Greig, as well as
Unaaq Fisheries, along with Marc Allard.
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allenging
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position
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:eived from his people for taking
lis huge responsibility, Adamie
MHi
•going files, passed on to him from
; previous Vice-President, Mark T.
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to Better resp
population
development
cal businesses
operating in the
cooperation is required to promote business opportunities for the people of Nunavik. "Actions have to be
undertaken to ens
and others elsewhe re, as well as the highest profit
eturn for the reg on and the beneficiaries. Local
businesses such as
Atjiapik, should be
equivalen
organizations operating in the
North." F>
Makivik, through its Publishing
Departme
is ope
thei
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at they used
al with.
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Adamie currently resides in Kuujjuaq with his wife
Sonia. Together they are raising their son and two
daughters. They also support community needs by
fostering a twelve-year-old girl and a four-month baby
boy. Adamie's wife also works closely with the local
social services on Emergency Child Protection during
weekends, for the care of other children. In their spare
time, the family likes to go to their cabin or camping.
In the wintertime, they also like to go out by snowmobile to the different areas around Kuujjuaq. Adamie
is an avid sports fan and sometimes plays hockey
in the Kuujjuaq senior league.
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4
CORNER
Originally from Kuujjuaq, Kitty Partridge, who
was our receptionist since 1997 in our south­
ern office, was hired last July as the Secretary
for our Construction Division. Kitty will con­
tinue working out of our St-Laurent office,
under the direction of Eileen Klinkig, Special
Projects Manager. Congratulations Kitty!
Luisa Surusila, originally from Puvirnituq,
was hired to fill KithAs position as Receptionist
for our southern office. Welcome Luisa!
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We would also like to take this opportunity
L P ^ A -to send our farewells to Lucy Grey ana
J.P
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Maggie Peters-York, who are leaving the
corporation to further their studies, starting
this fall. Lucy started out as our Information
Agent in 1998. In September 2000, Lucy
moved on to another position within the
corporation to coor-dinate the initiation of
justice committees in Nunavik. Lucy will be
one of the few atten-ding the Akitsirak Law
School in Iqaluit, Nunavut, which is affiliated
with the University of Victoria, in British
Columbia. M a g g i e started out as the
Secretary for the Economic Development
Department and had recently become the
Corporate Secretary's Assistant. Over the
years, Maggie has developed an interest for
fashion design, which she will be pursuing
as she will study at Lasalle College in
Montreal. We wish both Lucy and Maggie all
the best in their future endeavours!
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KATATJANIQ IN A N E W ERA
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During the 14th Avataq Elders' Conference that took place
in Akulivik in August of 2000, a resolution was passed to
form an association of katatjatiit (throatsingers) to safe­
guard Katatjaniq (throatsinging) and to support
throatsingers. Hence, with this objective in mind, the
Avataq Cultural Institute planned for another conference to
be organized, this time to gather Inuit throatsingers. A year
later, this much anticipated event, the first of its kind, took
place in Puvirnituq, from September 10 to 14, 2001.
Avataq Board Member and former President Robbie Watt
chaired the assembly, as elders and youth shared ideas,
opinions, thoughts and experiences about this special art
that is part of the Inuit culture.
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IN
PRESERVE
THAT THROATSINCINC
OUR
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INTERACTION
THOMASSIE,
CULTURE.
AS
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BETWEEN
KANGIRSUK
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WE
REALLY
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ENHANCES
INUIT".
YOUTH
The five-day conference began with an introduction of the
participants: more than 60 throatsingers of all ages,
from b e g i n n e r s to l i f e l o n g p e r f o r m e r s and
professionals. Most of the Nunavik communities
were represented at the conference. At least four
communities from Nunavut - Baker Lake, Pond Inlet,
Cape Dorset and Iqaluit - also joined the gathering.
Although very interested and keen to attend,
residents from Labrador and Greenland could not
join due to insufficient funds.
Despite a fragile physical
condition, well-respected
P u v i r n i t u q e l d e r Aisa
Koperqualuk graced the
opening ceremony with his
presence by saying the
opening prayer. Mayor Aisara
Kenuajuak followed with the
customary welcoming speech.
Talented drum dancers from
Nunavut then performed,
along with
traditional
throatsinging, setting the
tone for a meeting resonant
with culture.
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A REALIZATION
IMPORTANT
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PUVIRNITUQ: A THROATSINGING SOCIETY
One may ask, when so many communities across the
Arctic seem p r e o c c u p i e d w i t h the p r o t e c t i o n of
Katajaniq, why was Puvirnituq selected for this first
ever Inuit throatsingers' gathering. If you take a look
at the community's history, you will find that
Puvirnituq has contributed in many ways to the
preservation of throatsinging, at a time when the
entire Inuit culture was at stake.
"THERE
WAS
TRADITIONS
IN
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WHEN
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NASTAPOKA,
INUK/UAK
ELDER
Around 40 years ago, Aisa Koperqualuk encouraged local
women to revive the art of throatsinging, enabling it
to blossom to a point were it became so popular that
it caught the attention of the rest of the world. Since then,
women in Puvirnituq have kept this traditional art alive and
ensured that their youth grasp this precious knowledge
by teaching them throatsinging techniques. Puvirnituq
became an active throatsinging society in itself. The elders
are very open to pass on their traditional throatsinging
to the younger generation. "They foster it, as if it was their
baby", says Robbie Watt.
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By holding the conference in Puvirnituq, Avataq wanted
other amateur and expert throatsingers to get a taste of
how throatsinging is established in the community. Avataq
also took that opportunity to underline the important role
that Aisa Koperqualuk played in preserving the art
of throatsinging by giving him a trophy and a certificate
in recognition for his valuable efforts in reviving this
tradition in the Nunavik region.
BUILDING AN AVENUE FOR ELDERS AND YOUTH TO MEET
Many reasons made this gathering of throatsingers
necessary. The need for such an encounter had been
expressed by many of our elders, who feared that the
origins and meaning of Katatjaniq would be lost in today's
world of popular music and cultural distortion if it wasn't
taught properly to our children. Most felt that bringing
the youth together with the elders would ensure that
the knowledge of this traditional art continues to be strong
in the future.
Interaction between youth and elder
"WE
HAVE TO RESPECT
AS
THE YOUTH.
MEET.
ONLY
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THEN
OF THE ELDERS
Young people today strive to learn about their culture, to find
their identity. Meanwhile, elders are eager to share all their
knowledge from the past. But somehow, they don't seem to
meet. Filling this gap between the two most creative age
groups is one of the many objectives that they both wish to
achieve. This persistence in keeping traditions alive is definitely
a strength that has proven salutary in the Arctic, and still is.
This gathering of throatsingers of all ages has certainly
built an avenue for the elders and the youth to meet. Young
people felt closer to their elders, as they shared their talents,
knowledge and ideas with one another. Elders had the chance
to pass on their desire to throatsing to the youth, whom were
truly inspired by the performances of some elders. Hatty
Atutuva of Baker Lake, Nunavut was one of those, grasping the
young audience with what is called whispering throatsinging,
a style specific to her region. Young beginners discovered that
throatsinging really wasn't that hard and, in fact, was a lot of
fun. It's an integration of the inner talent.
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M a d e l i n e Alarkariallak a n d child t h r o a t s i n g i n g
"IF
YOU DON'T
LEARN;
SLEEP,
KNOW
PRACTICE
OR WHEN
MUCH
HOW
WHEN
COMFORTING
PRACTICING,
PEOPLE
ADVANCED
-RYNIE
TO THROATSING
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AUDLA,
PUTTING
AND WANT
YOUR
YOUR CRYING
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BE AMAZED
TO
TO
AFTER
AT HOW
YOU ARE. "
SANIKILUAQ
ELDER
For some of the youth, throatsinging enhanced their
integrity as Inuit in this new era. Evie Mark of Ivujivik made
a comment about how difficult a time she had, going
through an identity crisis, until she started to learn to
throatsing after being inspired by two elders from her
home community. Nina Segalowitz, originally from Inuvik, NWT,
28
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also spoke of her experience, going through an identity crisis
as well, after being adopted by a non-lnuit family. With
heartfelt emotion, she mentioned how she felt she belonged
to Inuit once again after having practiced throatsinging.
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THROATSINGING FOR ALL: MEN AND W O M E N ALIKE
The reason why men didn't practice throatsinging that
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much in the past was one of the questions raised by the
youth to the elders. Meeku Nastapoka, an elder from
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land most of the day, busy hunting and fishing, ensuring
their families were fed; they didn't have the time or opporAj)V .
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to throatsing. On the other hand, the women,
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were
often left behind at camp, filled the time
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by throatsinging. Their voices echoed on the land,
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imitating the sounds of the wind gust, the roaring rivers
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AD>Pn_Pand the animals. They would also use throatsinging
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in lullabies to calm their children.
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men practice throatsinging. Elisha Kilabuk of Iqaluit and
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Robbie Watt of Kuujjuaq, both present for the gathering,
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throatsingers assembly. The two male throatsingers were
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no barrier and performed a few songs along with the
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to learn how to throatsing, Robbie revealed that it was
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expressed their belief that men should be actively involved
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in the future throatsingers' association. Without hesitation,
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the delegates applauded that comment.
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TRADITIONAL VS. CONTEMPORARY THROATSINGING
With such a blend of throatsingers attending this
conference, ideas were sometimes contradictory, especially
when it came to discussing the use of throatsinging with
popular music. Some were absolutely opposed to mixing
traditional throatsinging with modern musical instruments,
wanting to keep the sound pure, unspoiled. Others had
a totally different view, enjoying the new approach of
blending the traditional sounds of throatsinging with
contemporary music. This controversy is not something
that can be resolved in a hurry. It is something that needs
to be looked into in more details as there are many issues
revolving around this particular topic. For example, it was
suggested that throatsingers should wear traditional
clothing when performing in public. Standards such
as these are yet to be set in order to safeguard the quality
of throatsinging and legal advice needs to be sought.
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1
P R O T E C T I N G WHAT I S OURS
The unique art that throatsinging is has to be protected not
only within our culture but also legally. Forming an association
of throatsingers is a great way to start. Such an association
could look into obtaining copyrights for our traditional throatsongs, so that they belong to Inuit only. A copyright gives intellectual property to authors over their creations, which means
that nobody else can use or copy their songs without permission. Family and regional songs could also be protected under
the Copyright Act. In fact, whether traditional or not, all songs
could benefit from the protection of a copyright. If somebody
wishes to use a song, they would have to pay royalties to the
copyright owner, which can be either an individual or a collectivity.
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During the meeting, it was suggested that a database of all our
traditional songs, including Aijaijaa songs and lullabies, be developed in order to know what we have and to better protect what
is ours. New songs could then be added to the database as they are
created, and benefit from the protection of a copyright as well.
The association could also act as an agent for throatsingers
who are hired to perform. For example, a directory of throatsingers could be put together in order to help promote artists.
The association would also make sure that the throatsingers
are treated equally and respected as such, and that their rights
are respected. As some experienced performers have revealed
during the meeting, too many female throatsingers have been
taken advantage of by non-lnuit promoters, who have taken
them to different parts of the world for their own benefit,
sometimes keeping their earnings for themselves.
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Throughout the whole conference, many ideas were
thrown out in the open as to what the association's mandate
and responsibilities could be. Besides what was previously
discussed, it was also suggested that throatsinging be promoted
at an early age, either taught at school or by a community
teacher. Other suggestions were for the association to ensure
that adequate workshops take place and for throatsingers
of all Inuit regions to meet annually.
After reviewing all suggestions made by the throatsingers'
assembly, the meeting Chairman, Robbie Watt, made
a recommendation to form a working group with members
from both Nunavik and Nunavut to into forming
a throatsingers' association in more details. Elections took
place. The working group will be composed of seven
members: Karin Kettler of Umiujaq, Akinisie Sivuaraapik and
Alacie Surusila of Puvirnituq, Maggie Putulik of Kangirsuk,
Madeleine Alakkariallak, Romani Makkik, and Elisha Kilabuk
of Iqaluit. Three elders were also nominated as resource people
for the working group: Rynee Audla of Sanikiluaq, Mary
Sivuaraapik of Puvirnituq and Suzanne Singorie of Pond Inlet.
With guidance from Avataq, the working group will have
a period of six months to a year to review the status of
throatsinging in Nunavik and Nunavut, and to come up with
recommendations based on the expressed needs of
throatsingers. They also have to identify possible funding
sources, secure legal advice and develop working relationships
with northern organizations. The working group will then
make a proposal to Avataq's Board of Directors. With the
working group's recommendations in mind, Avataq will then
oversee the steps in forming the throatsingers' association.
With the support and dedication of this new working
group, both elders and youth will have a foundation on which
to carry on the tradition of throatsinging.
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L A Y I N G T H E F O U N D A T I O N OF A B R I G H T E R
F U T U R E FOR T H R O A T S I N G I N G
The main purpose of the Throatsingers' Gathering was
to provide a forum for the artists to share ideas and opinions
about the future of throatsinging. One of the expected out­
comes of this gathering was the formation of a throatsingers'
association, which would support throatsingers, professionals
and beginners alike, and work to safeguard the integrity
of their art. But after much discussion, it became obvious that
forming an association was not something that could
be done over the course of one week. There are many topics
that have to be looked into and many concerns that have
to be kept in mind before jumping to conclusions.
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The conference ended with an outdoor picnic and some
berry picking. The local people hosted an energetic
concert in Puvirnituq's brand new gymnasium. Local per­
formers showed off their talents, as well as drum dancers
from Nunavut, not to mention a lot of throatsinging.
During the conference, the Inuit Broadcasting Corporation
(IBC) also recorded throatsinging performances to produce
a CD, which should be out in the near future.
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10TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE EASTERN ARCTIC SUMMER GAMES
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by
Phebe
B e n t l e y
This year's edition of the Eastern Arctic Summer
Games, held in Kuujjuaq last July, was a special event
as the games celebrated their 10th anniversary.
In 1986, Kangiqsujuaq hosted the first edition of
the Summer Games. At the time, the event was held
at the same time as the Eastern Arctic Music Festival
every two years, until 1990. Due to the high cost
of hosting both events at the same time, not to
mention the necessary transportation and logistics,
it was decided to split the Summer Games and
Music Festival from one another. Since then, both
events are still held bi-annually, but not during the
same year, in different communities of the Eastern
Arctic, mostly in Nunavik.
On Sunday July 15th of last summer, the 10th edition of
the Eastern Arctic Summer Games was officially opened
by the host committee, composed of Silas Snowball
(KRG Recreation Department), Frankie Gordon (Kuujjuaq
Pinguatitsijingit Inc.) and Sammy Koneak (CNV of
Kuujjuaq).
Kangiqsualujjuaq,
Kuujjuaq,
Tasiujaq,
Quartaq, Kangiqsujuaq, Salluit, Akulivik, Puvirnituq,
Inukjuak and Umiujaq participated in the events. As Silas
Snowball put it, "this event is an opportunity for
Nunavimmiut of all ages,
especially the youth, to
experience and participate
in athletic events such as
the 30 different sports and
games that were played."
Thanks to substantial discounts from Air Inuit, most
athletes flew to Kuujjuaq
at a reasonable price, while
a few came on their boats.
Everyday, the Games started
at about 10:00 in the morning and lasted all day until
5:00 PM or later, sometimes
even past midnight.
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The next day, Inuit games kicked off the one-week
event. The athletes were especially excited to participate in the Inuit games, as these events will be,
once again, part of the 2002 Arctic Winter Games
events. They looked proud to demonstrate their
talents in such events, which are part of our heritage
as Inuit. The Inuit games were one of the best
events to watch, as strength and concentration
is much needed to play this traditional sport. Inuit
games were so popular, with a high number of participants, that one day was not enough to play the
many different events. Later on, in August, Norman
Saunders from Kuujjuaq and Inukpuk Eliyassialuk
from Puvirnituq got the privilege to demonstrate
their great talent for Inuit games in London, Ontario
during the Canada Summer Games.
IT,
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IO* EASTERN^ARCTIC SUMMER GAMES
^KUUJJUAQ% JULY.»i5 +° 23.2001
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All week, indoor games were played at the Jaanimmarik
School Gym and at the Kuujjuaq Forum, while outdoor
games took place on the two baseball fields. The games
always went on, no matter what. Despite some rainy
weather, women still played soccer outside. Regardless of
the weather, the athletes always had a smile on their face
and were ready to try their best. It showed that the people
were having fun. Some were even throat singing while
waiting for their turn to play. The different sports played
certainly caught the attention of local people and visitors,
young or old. A crowd was always there to cheer for the
team of their choice.
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Floor hockey, basketball, volleyball, soccer, and baseball
were among the different team sports played during the
event. Although the same athletes played in more than
one sport, they never seemed tired or sore. Every morning,
they were ready to play some more. The most exciting
sport to watch was the men's basketball games, with very
tight scores. Kuujjuaq won over Kangiqsujuaq in the finals.
The crowd was ecstatic, as they watch these two teams
play for the gold. These athletes played at least four to five
times in one day and the last game finished just around
midnight! It's amazing how they had the energy to wake
up the next morning and compete in the next event.
This just shows how fit Nunavimmiut really are!
The individual sports consisted of track and field, as well as
badminton. A whole day was dedicated to track and field
events. This time, the weather was on the athletes' side:
sunny and cool. The highlight of the day was the SemiMarathon. The runners started near Halutik Fuel, ran to
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Stewart Lake and back to town, to finish at the Kuujjuaq Forum,
for a total of 8.8 kilometers. It took the athletes between
45 minutes to an hour and a half to reach the finish line.
The fastest runners were Elijah Ningiuruvik from
Kangiqsujuaq and, on the women's side, Sarah Uittangak
from Puvirnituq.
On the last day, July 23rd, the participants played
badminton. Since it finished early, they had time to play
other fun games, such as a canoe paddling race and
a tug of war. These games created a lot of excitement,
as much for the participants then for the crowd. While
some people were getting dirty in the sand, others were
getting wet in the water. The participants were trying
very hard and it was amusing to see the expressions
on their faces. Target shooting was also interesting
to watch, as the excited crowd became silent, allowing
the opponents to concentrate.
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Soon after, everybody went back inside to finish off
the Inuit games with events such as the two-foot high kick,
the knuckle hop and sledge jumps. By the time the Inuit
games were done, around 11:30 P M , it was already time
for the closing fireworks to take place. Everyone was in awe
when they saw the fireworks light up the sky. Then, once
again, the crowd went back to the Forum to see the much
anticipated awards presentation. Some athletes won
so many medals that it looked like their necks were about
to fall off from all this weight. To finish off this memorable
week, the Kuujjuaq metal band Angava performed in front
of an appreciative crowd that stayed to hear them,
even though it was three o'clock in the morning.
Canoe Race: Tasiujaq takes t h e second place i n f r o n t of Kangiqsujuaq
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This 10th edition of the Eastern Arctic Summer
Games turned out to be very successful and had a
positive outcome on everybody, participants, spectators or organizing committee, as well as the local
community. People here were very enthusiastic and
the athletes felt welcomed in Kuujjuaq. Everyone
was happy to be a part of this event. The Summer
Games are always something that people look forward to, as it gives a chance to athletes to show off
their talent in sports and socialize with others. But
one should not forget that "this event would have
not been possible without all the support and sponsorship it received", as member of the host committee Silas Snowball concludes.
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The
host
committee
would
like
to
thank
Air Inuit, First Air, Makivik
Corporation,
Kuujjuamiut
Inc., the CNV of Kuujjuaq
and Fire Hall
Department,
KRG
Employment
and
Training,
Nayummivik
Landholding
Corporation,
Kuujjuaq
Pinguatitsijingit
Inc.,
Kuujjuaq
KSB, all the Northern
Villages
that
participated
and small organizations
sponsors
from
each
community,
as well
as Taglin
International
in Montreal
for providing
the Games'
logo.
Special
Tullaurak
of
Puvirnituq,
thanks
also go to Jusipi
Padlaya
Ezekiel
of Quartaq,
Mary
Sam
Annanack
and
Emily
Emudluk
of Kangiqsualujjuaq,
johnny
Tayara
jR and Lucassie
Amamatauk
of Salluit,
and
Korn
Niviaxie
of Umiujaq
for assisting
the
host
committee
in Kuujjuaq,
as well
as all
the
volunteers
who helped
out.
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S E P T E M B E R 11 , 2001 :
D A N G E R S OF " A B S O L U T E T R U T H S "
THE
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Stephen
Hendrie
September 11, 2001 has become a contemporary milestone
in history when life as we knew it suddenly changed. On that
sad day, four jet airplanes were collectively hijacked by 19
Al-Qaeda terrorists. One plane crashed into each of the twin
towers of the World Trade Center, which had defined
the New York City skyline, symbols of successful American
capitalism. The other two were directed at US political targets
in Washington, notably the Pentagon, and allegedly,
the White House. The jet destined for the White House
crashed in a farmer's field in Pennsylvania after passengers
fought with hijackers.
OSAMA
B I N L A D E N : H E A D OF T H E T E R R O R I S T
ATTACKS
The terrorists are now known to be part of an Islamic network
headed by a man named Osama bin Laden, presumably
living in Afghanistan. Bin Laden, a multi-millionaire born in
Saudi-Arabia, is using an ancient religion, Islam, as a vehicle
for terrorist purposes. The fundamentalist followers of his
group, Al-Qaeda, are trained to die for the cause. The network
is protected in Afghanistan by the Talibans. In a videotaped
message, bin Laden took responsibility for the terrorist attacks
against the USA, and promised more, "in the name of Cod".
In essence, his group, Al-Qaeda
launched a Holy War. Al-Qaeda
wants to destroy America for
many reasons. Chief among
them is the notion that we
(Westerners) are infidels, people
whose main mission in life seems
to be to accumulate as many
material goods as we can. They
think our society is evil because
we permit innovation, growth,
and the development of new
ideas to occur at the same time
in a free and democratic society,
where civil and human rights are
protected, and governments are
elected democratically.
The Taliban is a repressive
regime with few individual rights, where women are routinely beaten, and forbidden to obtain education. There is no
separation between church and state leading to the situation
where they feel they possess the absolute truth, "God's
Truth", in their words.
T E R R O R I S M IS NOT THE A N S W E R
History has demonstrated what happens when leaders
who believe that they possess absolute truths act on their
enlightened states of being, to the detriment of their
followers, and usually humanity in general. Hitler, Stalin,
and Franco are a shortlist from the 20th century.
A popular book published last year was written by
a young Canadian woman by the name of Naomi Klein,
called No Logo: Taking Aim at the Brand Bullies. In her
book, Klein is also critical of global capitalism, and the
increasingly vacuous materialistic culture resulting from
the replacement of real culture with a highly marketed
one. In our society, Klein makes her point by doing a book
tour, giving media interviews, speaking at Universities,
or hosting a web site. She may feel she has the "absolute
truth" about her cause, but she's not going to die for it.
The British newspaper The Economist published a cover
issue in September pointing out why Klein is wrong. That's
how we deal with dissent in free societies.
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P r e s i d e n t Bush t h a n k s rescue w o r k e r s at t h e P e n t a g o n
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The United States was quick to respond to the terrorist
attacks on the global stage by building an international
coalition, including key member states surrounding
Afghanistan, effectively isolating the country. Diplomatic
efforts to obtain extradition of Osama bin Laden from
the Taliban were predictably fruitless.
Military retaliation from the newly formed coalition,
lead by the USA and Britain, including Canada, began on
Sunday October 7, with night bombing raids, destroying
key military installations, and terrorist training camps in
Afghanistan. These continued in the following days.
It's clear however that this war on terrorism will
require unconventional methods. Secret service
organizations employing traditional and modern spy
techniques will be needed. As well, the banking industry
will be called on to play its role in combating terrorism
by working to eliminate banking secrecy. Already, terror­
ist assets have been frozen in financial institutions in over
100 countries.
Early on in this campaign, US President George Bush
delivered an eloquent speech to the US Joint Session
of Congress on September 20th. He underlined what
is at stake in this battle: "Great harm has been done
to us. We have suffered great loss. And in our grief and
anger we have found our mission and our moment.
Freedom and fear are at war. The advance of human
freedom, the great achievement of our time, and
the great hope of every time, now depends on us. Our
nation, this generation, will lift a dark threat of violence
from our people and our future. We will rally the world
to this cause by our efforts, by our courage. We will not
tire, we will not falter, and we will not fail."
NAVIK G R I E V I N G WITH THE R
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On September 11th, air travel was grounded immediately
across Canada, while all remaining flights en-route to the USA
were redirected to Canadian airports. In Nunavik, Air Inuit and
First Air flights were grounded as well. An allowance was
made for some northern flights during the three days that
planes were grounded, on the basis of northern re-supply for
food and cargo. When air travel partly resumed on September
1 3th, security was more rigorous across the country. People
were required to check-in for flights an hour earlier than usual,
and in some cases photo ID was requested. We will feel the
consequences of September 11 th events when travelling on
domestic airplanes, and more so when crossing international
borders. Vulnerable border crossings will become less vulnerable. The Arctic will feel this as well at entry points between
Canada and other circumpolar nations.
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Over a month later we still grieve for the more than 5,000
people who died in the fallen twin towers, the four jet
airplanes, and the Pentagon. There was an incredible outpouring of grief expressed by world leaders for the victims,
their families and friends. It was heartening to observe Inuit
elders in Nunavut included in TV coverage, in the days
following September 11th, express their profound sympathy;
a sentiment shared in Nunavik. In radio broadcasts, Makivik
President Pita Aatami expressed his deep condolences for the
victims and their families in the USA. He reported a need
among Inuit to send help to the people in New York City
and Washington. The Makivik Board of Directors approved
a donation to the relief effort of approximately $10,000 on
October 9th. "It's a symbolic amount of one dollar from every
Nunavik beneficiary to the people in need," says Pita Aatami.
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Stock markets in the United States and Canada were closed
following the September 11th attacks. Markets in Canada
reopened first on September 1 3th, followed by New York on
the 1 7th. Makivik Treasurer Anthony Ittoshat says the Makivik
Investment portfolio was affected. "The market was already
volatile before the attack, and became even more so after
September 11th. Our last fiscal year ending September 30,
2001 was fine, however the coming year will be more
difficult for us. We will proceed with extreme caution. All the
signs of a classic recession are there, and we don't anticipate
recovery until well into 2002."
Our lives have all been affected by the terrible events of
September 11th. What should not change however, is our
pursuit of life liberty and happiness, and the fundamental
freedoms our forefathers fought for in previous wars:
freedom of conscience and religion; freedom of thought,
belief, opinion and expression, including freedom of the press;
freedom of peaceful assembly; and freedom of association.
LEGAL
TIPS
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-482 2
If you have been physically injured or have suffered
mental shock as a result of a criminal act, you may be
eligible for benefits under the Quebec Crime Victims
Compensation Act.
For example, if you have been the victim of an
assault and are unable to return to work for a certain
period of time due to your injuries, you may receive
benefits equal to 90% of your net income for the time
you are unable to return to work. The benefits depend
on whether your disability is total or partial, permanent
or temporary.
As well, anyone who has been injured as a result
of assisting a police officer in making an arrest, or as a
result of preventing or attempting to prevent someone
from committing an offence may also be eligible for
benefits under the Act. If the victim has been killed, his
or her dependents may apply for benefits under the Act.
An application may be made whether or not
anyone is actually prosecuted for or convicted of the
offence that caused the victim's injury.
To be eligible for benefits, you must not have
contributed, by serious misconduct, to your own injury.
Crimes against property (for example, theft) are not
covered by this Act. As well, if you are injured as the
result of a criminal act involving the use of motor
vehicle, you may not be eligible under this Act, but may
be entitled to compensation under the Automobile
Insurance Act.
Victims may decide to claim the benefits under
the Crime Victims Compensation Act or institute civil
proceedings against the person responsible for the
injury. However, even if the victim decides to sue the
assailant, if the amount collected under civil proceedings is less than the amount of the compensation
the victim would have obtained under the Act, the
victim may claim the difference under the Act. In the
event that the victim decides to make a claim under the
Act, s/he may also institute a civil proceeding against the
perpetrator to make up, with the compensation,
an amount equivalent to the loss actually sustained.
If you believe that you are eligible for benefits under
the Crime Victims Compensation Act, you must make
an application within one year of the injury suffered.
5
4
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For further
information
or to apply
for
please
call
1-800-561-4822
or consult
regional
CSST
office.
benefits,
your
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CITIZENSHIP?
by
Stephen
Hendrie
As August rolled to a close, the final report of the Estates
General on the French Language was made public. The
400-page report, titled French, A Language for Everyone:
A New Strategic Approach Centered on the Citizen in
Society, is the result of a one-year Royal Commission style
exercise to scour the province for thoughtful comments on
the state of the French language in Quebec.
The report made the headlines for its central recommendation that Quebec citizenship should be created and,
of course, that Quebec's common language is French.
Thus, Quebec citizenship should now be based on
language, and the old political discourse referring to
"ethnicity" is passé.
What about Nunavik in all of this? The Report is quite
sensitive to the parallel struggle that the Inuttitut language
and other aboriginal languages in Quebec are experiencing. In several instances, the Report makes specific references to Inuit, and the Inuttitut language.
Gerald Larose headed the language commission.
When reached for a telephone interview on Friday August
31st, 2001, the week after the release of the report,
he explained how Inuttitut and the Inuit culture fit into
the context of the report. In his words, the Inuit culture
and the Inuttitut language are part of the Quebec culture.
When confronted with the notion that the Inuit culture
being part of the Quebec culture for the purposes of preserving the French language might not go over very well with
Inuit, Mr. Larose became philosophical. "The Inuttitut language
has always been there in Québécois' imaginations, poetry,
chansons, literature, and culture," he argued.
Nunavik currently has a political project to create
a government. The Nunavik Commission's final report
addresses the issue of official languages. Mr. Larose
is aware of the process. It is consistent with the Report on
the French language that Inuttitut be an official language
in the Nunavik region. However, when notified that
English, as well as French, would also be an official
language in Nunavik, Mr. Larose noted that "French
is the common language of all Québécois," and that
if English is also there, it would be as a transitory measure.
Meanwhile, in Nunavik, preserving Inuttitut faces considerable challenges. It has been said that there has been
significant erosion of the Inuttitut language in the span of
a decade. Back issues of Taqralik and Atuaqnik (precursors
to this publication) testify to the cultural and linguistic
concerns of maintaining Inuttitut at the time of deciding
whether or not TV service should come to Nunavik. In the
early 1970s, it was decided to wait until sufficient Inuttitut
language television programming was available. This was
done, which resulted in the memorable May 1979
Atuaqnik headline "Get Ready for the Big Sit", when TV
services eventually arrived.
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Now, in a 500-channel universe, with cable and
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programming is outnumbered 500 to about two, and
the two channels which carry Inuttitut are hybrids such
as the Aboriginal Peoples Television Network (APTN),
and CBC-North, both of which carry substantial English
and other aboriginal language programming, further
contributing to language loss. Bring back TVNC some say,
or create a unique Inuttitut language TV network.
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Radio is less of an issue because it's freely available in
Inuttitut-only formats, effectively capturing the oral nature
of Inuit culture. Radio, it can be argued, is at the other end
of the spectrum in terms of language preservation. It acts
to strongly bolster, preserve, and promote the Inuttitut
language in its contemporary and traditional forms. In that
sense, radio is absolutely vital to the survival of Inuttitut.
While the Language Report views spreading computer technology and globalization with some fear for the
French language, one approach that has surfaced in
Nunavik is to use emerging technologies to preserve and
promote Inuttitut.
The creation of
the AiPaiNunavik computer font is a prime
example. W h e n the
Font D e v e l o p m e n t
Group, composed of
members of Makivik,
KSB, KRG, NRBHSS and
Avataq got into the project and consulted with
Inuit elders, the message
was loud and clear:
bring back the missing
fourth column of characters, eliminated in the
1970s. Bring back the
Ai, Pai, Tai column.
Rather
than
inhibiting this request,
new technologies made
it easy to accommodate
this desire, and also allowed the inclusion of Inuttitut characters used in other parts of the Inuit homeland, notably
Nunavut. Furthermore, while much of the Internet is in
the English language, the creation of the AiPaiNunavik
font puts Inuttitut at a level playing field with its roman
language counterparts on the World Wide Web. Inuttitut
language sites created with AiPaiNunavik can be viewed
as seamlessly as English language sites once the new font
is installed in a user's computer.
On the language horizon in Nunavik, in 2002, a new
software program called a "typing tutor" will be launched
to teach Inuit students how to type in Inuttitut. This will
foster greater proficiency in written Inuttitut, which
is absolutely essential for the youth in Nunavik.
If the French language has become the key to Quebec
citizenship, as theorized in the Estates General on the
French language, and if the future Nunavik Government
works in Inuttitut, an official language of Nunavik, then
Mr. Larose and the other language commissioners may be
invited to become "citizens of Nunavik", where the Inuit
culture is part of the "imagination of all Québécois".
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Manufacturer financing: Some manufacturers, such as
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carry very low interest rates, sometimes much lower than the
ones of banks, to attract customers. However, it is usually
harder to get that type of credit approved in Nunavik.
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Bank loan: Loans are available through all major banks.
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only discuss the typical installment loan in this issue.
Finance company: Different finance companies offer the
same types of loan as banks, but typically carry a higher
interest rate of 8-20%, which also depends on your past
credit experience and your ability to pay. Financing with
such companies is often done through retailers where
you buy the goods you want.
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Let's say you want to buy a new snowmobile this winter,
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though you have a job. You may consider borrowing the
money, but be careful! Borrowing will increase the total
cost of your snowmobile because of the interest you will
have to pay on the loan.
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own) and your income.
Principal: This is the actual amount borrowed to purchase
an asset. Usually, this is the purchase price (including taxes)
minus any down payments you made on the purchase.
It doesn't take interest into account.
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interest rate can save you money if interest rates
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better if you want to minimize your risk and know exactly
what your payments will be for the term of your loan.
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right to collect the unpaid debt through other means,
such as a court order to seize part of your salary.
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$1 76.45
/ INTEREST COST
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$2,087.00
4 C:>4r-L / TOTAL LOAN OBLIGATION
$9,730.44
$10,587.00
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/ MONTHLY PAYMENT
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Let's continue with our example. Let's say that the new
snowmobile you want to buy costs $9,500 and that you
plan to finance it through the bank at an interest rate
of 9%. You have $1,000 aside to use as a down payment.
The bank has approved for you to borrow $ 8,500 based
on your credit record and income, without the need
of a guarantor. You now have to decide if you want
to finance your purchase over a 3 or 5-year term.
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/ PRINCIPAL
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loan. If the borrower doesn't make his/her payments,
the lender will go see the guarantor for payment.
A loan agreement can be signed by two or
more persons as borrowers. This makes them jointly
responsible for the loan. The lender can go to any
cosigner for payment.
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From the table, you can see that your monthly
payments would be lower over a 5-year period, but
you would end up paying $856.56 more in interest.
In other words, if your budget enables you to pay
the loan in 3 years, you should choose that option
since it would save you money.
to maintain
is required
and debt
a good one. We will also
before going
to the bank
consolidations.
consider
what type
for a loan, as well
of information
as
refinancing
5
43
A__>"dr^
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/
OUR CULTURE
KATATJANIQ: T H E ART OF T H R O A T S I N G I N G
O
By Taqralik
(With
L
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Partridge
excerpt
4^cCA<r°>>r
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44
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1 978-r)
Coordinator
D'Anglure,
for
Avataq
1978)
According to the oral stories of our elders, throatsinging
has been part of Inuit life since the time of our ancient
ancestors. Women tell how they would sing songs while
waiting for the men to return from the hunt. Throatsongs
were also performed at celebrations of seasonal equinoxes
and solstices and other large gatherings.
Katatjaniq is unique for the rhythm
and depth of its sounds. Songs are
usually performed by two partners
who cooperate by alternating exhaled
vocal sounds with even aspirations.
The singers echo each other as they
produce similar sounds one after the
other. A song is composed of several
layers of sound. Throatsingers use their
diaphragm to control the rhythm and
strength of their voice. Vocal cords, as
well as tongue and lip movements are
used to modify tone and voice pitch.
However, mastering the breathing
rhythm is the most important aspect
of throatsinging. When properly
performed, two throatsingers can
produce a song that sounds like four or
more voices. Songs may be composed
of sounds that imitate animals, birds,
the elements, tools or any other object
that challenges the artist's imagination.
For example, one song created by
women in Puvirnituq mimics the
lapping of water against a boat.
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Traditionally, Katatjaniq involved
a strong element of competition,
which is why it is often referred to as an
Inuit game. Skilled throatsingers would
often challenge each other to compete
for some desired object, such as a gari
I
ment, a tool, or sometimes even
I
B^H
' -Throatsingers will try to surpass
one another in endurance, range of
sounds and concentration. The person
who stops first loses the challenge.
Since it is a friendly competition,
the song usually ends in laughter.
Throatsinging traditions vary from region to region.
Artists are always composing new songs. In Nunavik, words
or phrases are sometimes incorporated into songs, such as the
words "poor little dog" in the song Qimmiruluapik. Nunavik
Katatjait rarely include verses like Western music does;
onomatopoeic sounds are much more common.
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I n u t t i t u t Terminology
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Katatjaniq: The a r t of throatsinging
Katatiait: Throatsongs
Katatjjatiit: Throatsingers
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The Baffin Island style of throatsinging is somewhat
similar to Nunavik, except that it is faster and includes different
songs in the traditional repertoire. Songs from this region may
also include very different breathing techniques.
In contrast, Baker Lake throatsinging style is completely
different. The throatsingers from this region use many words
in their songs. Frequently, whole stories will be told in a song,
and words will be clearly expressed rather than broken into
syllables. Baker Lake throatsingers also seem to rely more
on voice subtleties than volume.
Katatjaniq first gained international attention in the late
1960s, when interest in Inuit art and people was at an unprecedented peak. It was then that the first performers left their
communities to present their unique sounds to audiences in
the South and in Europe. These artists were very well received
at the time, and they have been in high demand at festivals,
gatherings and concerts around the world ever since.
Today, Katatjaniq has become much more than a game.
Many Inuit women, and a few men, perform throatsinging
professionally. Some of these artists incorporate Katajaniq into
different styles of music, such as Inuttitut ballads, folk songs,
and even rock and techno music. Young artists, especially, are
constantly experimenting and finding new ways to apply their
art into performances and recordings.
Increasingly, Inuit performing artists are emerging as an
important voice for the world's view of our people. Only
through conversing with each other, consulting our elders and
remembering the source of our knowledge can we ensure that
arts such as Katajaniq thrive in the future.
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"LEGEND
TELLS
WINGED
SHORT
THEY
AND
THEY
IN
USE
THAT
THEN
BY
• THE
IT
TO
LISTENING
LATE
D
u
TO
DISAPPEAR.
THEIR
DAVIDIALUK
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l
AND
TORSO.
COULD
CARRY
HID
BEHIND
WHENEVER
SHE
DESPITE
RHYTHMIC
ALASUAK
AN
WOULD
THEIR
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Padlayat
Officer
In the beginning of last summer, the Executive
Committee of the Saputiit Youth Association
of Nunavik held a meeting in Salluit, from June 18 to 22,
2001. Saputiit would like to take this opportunity to
thank the people of Salluit for welcoming the youth
during their Executive face-to-face meeting.
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The Executive Committee of the Saputiit Youth
Association of Nunavik consists of seven members:
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Youth
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President: Andy Moorhouse
Vice-President: Emily Emudluk
Treasurer: Levi Shauk
Secretary: Alaku Qullialuk
Hudson Coast Representative: Sarah Qumak
Hudson Strait Representative: Charlie Saviadjuk Jr.
Ungava Coast Representative: Rhoda Etok
Adamie Padlayat, Makivik's Youth Liaison Officer,
also assists Saputiit as a non-voting member.
Andy Moorhouse could not attend the Executive
Committee meeting in Salluit, due to the fact that
he and his wife were awaiting the birth of their newborn, Malena Madeline Moorhouse, born June 22,
2001, weighing 8-lb. 6 oz. Congratulations!
During this Executive meeting,
reports w e r e given on the
different meetings or teleconferences attended by the
Executive members with other
organizations or youth associations. Saputiit represents
the youth through individuals
sitting on the board of different regional organizations,
as non-voting members, such as
Makivik Corporation through
A n d y M o o r h o u s e , Kativik
Regional Government through
Levi Shauk and Katutjiniq
Regional Development Council
(KRDC)
through
Emily
Emudluk. The youth are still
requesting a seat on other
regional organizations' board
such as the Kativik School
Board
(KSB),
Nunavik
Regional Board of Health and
Social Services ( N R B H S S ) ,
Avataq Cultural Institute and
the F e d e r a t i o n of Co-ops
46
YOUTH VOICES
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(FCNQ). These organizations play a major role in the
progress of Nunavik and the youth would like to have the
chance to express their views and be part of the process.
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A presentation on Suicide Prevention was also given
by guest-speaker Richard Kouri, along with Emily
Emudluk, both working on this file for NRBHSS. The
presentation began with the introduction of the
Tapiriilirniq working group members, some of which
will be traveling through Nunavik for consultation.
Along with NRBHSS, Tapiriilirniq is working to find
solutions to counter the high suicide rates in the
region. In order to do so, youth need to be involved.
This is why they asked for another youth delegate
besides Ittuvik llisituk, who is already part of their
process, to join the working group. It was decided
that Saputiit Secretary Alaku Qullialuk would also
represent the youth within Tapiriilirniq.
Saputiit's finances were audited by Makivik accountant Angelo M a n e t t a , in a later meeting held in
Salluit as well, from July 12 to 14,2001, at the Ikusik
School. Makivik Corporate Secretary George Berthe
chaired the meeting, while Mr. Manetta took care of
auditing.
Saputiit's financial statements were
r e v i e w e d from the first one in 1 996 until 2000.
Saputiit President Andy Moorhouse and Treasurer
Levi Shauk, along with myself, learned the basics
of accounting. W e also decided on some issues such
as payment methods, vouchers and signing authorities.
We would like to thank the Finance Department of
Makivik Corporation, Angelo Manetta in particular,
as well as the CIBC Bank of Kuujjuaq for taking the
time to answer our questions.
<T^AT
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ARVAVIK YOUTH
Text
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As the Youth Coordinator for the CNV of Quaqtaq, I held
a youth camp this last summer in Arvavik. Four different
groups attended the youth camp. The first two camp
sessions were held from July 23 to 28 and July 31 to August
4, 2001 for kids from 7 to 12 years of age. Two other
sessions were held for youth from 1 3 to 19 years of age,
one from August 7 to 11 and the other one from August
24 to 27, 2001. This summer camp was made possible
through funding from the Quebec Youth Fund.
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Most groups left Quaqtaq
on board the Tuvaaluk
community
b o a t to
Arvavik, except the last
group who went by ATV
(Honda) to Iqaluppilik.
Three guides accompanied
each group, as well as an
elder, except for the last
excursion trip by Honda.
The first two groups were
a c c o m p a n i e d by elder
Susie Aloupa and the third
one by Luisa Kulula.
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CAMP
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There was not much time to be bored during the
summer camp, as the land around Arvavik has a lot to
offer. Along with their monitors, the youth often went
fishing, either on the Bay of Arvavik's shore or to the
lake nearby, sometimes bringing back enough fish,
or more, for supper. For the first time in their lives, the
boys even installed fishing nets near the mouth of the
river, in a place called Siaqituk. This gave the girls the
opportunity to learn how to prepare and dry the fish,
a traditional way of preserving food.
The Bay of Arvavik in itself had much to offer, as we
also went picking clams and mussels at low tide. This
was also a good time to show the participants the
difference between eatable and non-eatable seaweed.
A lot of time was spent in or on the water. When the
weather got very hot, the youth went swimming in the
creek, playing in the water and sliding on the smooth
surface of the rock bed. We had also rented a kayak
from Tommy Angnatuk and everybody got to try it out
with the guide's assistance. It was something that the
youth enjoyed very much.
We also did some hiking up the river. The youth learned
about the different plants and roots that can be eaten
and they were taught how to make tea with the herbs
they gathered on the land. Girls also went picking
berries for everybody's enjoyment. While out on the
land, we often saw caribou and all kinds of birds. Some
boys had the chance to kill their first caribou, when a
very large caribou herd passed by our camp. They
learned how to skin and cut up the animal properly,
while the girls were taught how to take care of the skin
and to dry it, as well as how to preserve the meat. The
same thing was done with the seals that the group
48
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hunted around Diana Bay. The elder showed the
girls how to clean the sealskin by scraping the fat off
with an uluk.
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As part of the whole learning experience offered by
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install Inuit-made canvas tents properly, not always
in the best weather, as it was quite windy. It will
only be more beneficial to them. Girls also learned
how to make bannock.
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The rest of the time was spent playing games such as
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time with activities called "Fun & Humour", which
I learned during an Entrepreneurial Conference that
I attended last spring in Toronto. In the evenings,
we would often cook some hot dogs and tell stories
over a fire. All in all, we had a wonderful time during
this summer camp.
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Townley:
Reaching
Point
Henoch Townley, a young Inuit performer and songwriter originally from
Labrador, sings his own songs. Written in English, his soft rock songs
speak from the heart. One of his songs, Reaching Point, which speaks of
self-confidence, will soon be produced in a music video.
The album can be purchased at your local Co-op or Northern store. For
more information, contact Inukshuk Productions in Inukjuak at (819)
254-8788 or by e-mail at info@inukshukproductions.ca Check their Web
site for a selection of traditional and contemporary Inuit music:
www.inukshukproductions.ca
MAKIVIK SCHOLARSHIP FOR NUNAVIK BENEFICIARIES
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Makivik Corporation believes that Nunavik's society and
economy benefit greatly from a skilled and educated
population, and that perseverance and a high level
of achievement should be rewarded. Therefore, Makivik
would like to encourage capable and motivated students
to attain their educational goals.
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The Makivik Scholarship program was created to promote
and encourage post-secondary education for Inuit
Beneficiaries of the James Bay and Northern Quebec
Agreement (JBNQA). Full-time University, Cegep and
Technical Students who apply and meet all the criteria are
automatically considered for this Scholarship program.
To apply, you must submit a copy of your latest postsecondary school transcript, a proof that you have
registered in a post-secondary institution and continuing in
your program of studies (except if it is your last semester),
along with the application form fully completed, which
you can obtain from your counsellor at the Kativik School
Board Student Services office, at the Makivik offices,
or on the Makivik web site at www.makivik.org . Deadline
to submit your application for the Scholarship program
is September 30 for the preceding winter semester
and February 15 for the preceding fall semester.
You may reapply each semester as long as you meet
the above mentioned criteria. Makivik Corporation reserves
the right to amend or terminate this program at any time.
Nevertheless, any commitments made before such
changes or termination will be honored. Scholarships may
be awarded starting in the first semester a student
completes his or her studies. The Scholarship is considered
taxable income for the student. Federal T-4 A, and provincial Relevé 1 forms will be issued to students.
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Send your application and all necessary documentation to:
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1111 Dr. Frederik-Philips blvd.
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Makivik Corporation
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1111 Dr. Frederik-Philips Blvd
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Fax: (514) 745-4610
E-mail: scholarship@makivik.org
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Elisapie Isaac, a young woman from Salluit, won the
fourth "Cinéastes Autochtones" competition held
by the National Film Board ( N F B ) of Canada.
Created in 1995, the competition offers an intern­
ship providing technical training and professional
development for aspiring Aboriginal filmmakers
wishing to make a documentary presenting their
ideas and aspirations, and those of their people.
Elisapie was one of eleven c a n d i d a t e s , with t h e
others belonging to the Huron, Innu, Mohawk,
Malecite, Micmac and Attikamek nations.
When she was only 15, Elisapie produced and
hosted a weekly radio show for young people broad­
casted by Taqramiut Nipingat (TNI) from Salluit.
She then held a number of summer jobs with TNI,
including one as a television host and reporter. After
finishing high school, Elisapie moved to Kuujjuaq to
act as a liaison between students and social workers.
She then returned to Salluit to work as a student
counsellor in her old school. In 1999, she started
a degree in Creative Arts at John Abbott College,
but got caught up in her own creative work, travel­
ling quite a bit while working on a film project on
the circumpolar peoples of Norway, Greenland,
Canada, Alaska and Siberia. Produced by T P I ,
the documentary will be
aired sometime in 2002.
Like many others of her
generation, Elisapie casts
a critical eye on today's
world. The film proposal
she submitted for the com­
petition seeks to draw the
Inuit community's attention
to contemporary issues,
particularly those facing its
young people. "I want the
images of this film to show
how much Inuit culture has changed in a very short
time; I want to talk about the elders' struggle to pre­
serve our culture, and the situation of young people
living between two worlds", says talented young
artists, also known as a singer and songwriter
(see article on Greenland, page 17).
Elisapie will begin her twelve-month internship
this month with the NFB, in the French Program's
Realities.doc Studio. The film will be produced
mainly in Inuttitut with French subtitles. Image
shooting is scheduled to take place up North some­
time next spring and summer.
Elisapie is the second Inuk to be granted this
internship at the National Film Board. Since 1995,
the competition has led to three films, which have
been distributed by the NFB, aired on television and
shown at festivals in Canada and abroad. Amongst
those is Mon village au Nunavik ( M y Village
in Nunavik), by Bobby Kenuajuak of Puvirnituq,
who won the 1997 competition.
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by Isabelle
Dubois
It's been already ten years since Susan Aglukark left her home
in Arviat, Nunavut, to start a new career in music. The 34-yearold artist has come a long way since she started out; her work
is now recognized not only across the Arctic, but also across the
country. But no matter where her career takes her, she always
carries her Inuit background with her. Through her music,
a blend of contemporary pop sounds and native folklore,
she spreads uplifting messages. Her culture is very present
in her songs, often dealing with social issues related to the Inuit.
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For some young Inuit, Susan's success represents their
hope for a brighter future. To the young people who long for
a career in show business, Susan gives the following advice:
"Even though it looks very glamourous and seems like a fun
and easy thing to do, being a singer takes a lot of dedication.
It's also very easy to get caught up in that world and lose
yourself. Find out what you want to say at the end of your
career and hold on to that. This way, you will make sure that
you stay true to yourself."
To get where she is now, Susan had to make a lot of sacrifices. The biggest one was certainly to leave the North. Now
living in Toronto and touring a lot in the South, Susan says she
misses home and wishes to come back. "Most people here
retire and go South; I'm going to retire and go North", she says.
Susan had the opportunity to get back to her Inuit roots
during a week in Nunavik, as she accompanied Her Excellency
the Governor General of Canada, Adrienne Clarkson, on her
visit last winter. After hearing about the Governor General's
commitment to aboriginal people, Susan had gone to meet
her, wanting to get more involved with the people. They hit
it off and the Governor General invited her to come along
on this regional tour. "She is a wonderful artist and a wonderful role model for young people across our country and
in particular for Inuit", said the Governor General.
During their visit to Nunavik, both Susan and the Right
Honourable Adrienne Clarkson met with groups of students
to exchange thoughts and opinions. During one of these interactions, Susan told the students: "Every society in their early
stage of development goes through a transition period and the
same related social issues. You are not alone." Later on during
an interview, she added: "I agree that we deserve something,
a recognition of some sort, for all that has happened, because
we weren't given options. But in the meantime, we need
to move on. We can't expect other people to make our lives
better for us; we have to do it ourselves. There is too much
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hurt, too much blame. We have to start steering away from
blaming and put all our energy to start to heal, to recover
and to move on, so that the next generation can see the light
at the end of the tunnel."
Being a role model is something Susan takes seriously:
"A lot of people look up to you when you're in my position.
It took me a while to accept that responsibility, but I now
realize that if I can help my people and others, I want to do
as much as I can." And she certainly does! This year, she joined
the Dream Catcher Tour, a five-week concert tour promoting
suicide prevention across Northern Canada, lead by native
actor, singer and songwriter Tom Jackson. Susan also addresses
different social issues in her own way by doing what she calls
an "extended speaking engagement tour". Hired by different
organizations, she gives a presentation using her songs,
dealing with certain social issues such as suicide or abuse.
Susan is presently raising money for a new project of hers,
which she calls "Ride the wave", noping to give this same
presentation, along with workshops, to High School students
in aboriginal communities. "Young people want to take their
lives further, they just need direction", she says, "and I can help
them in anyway, I will."
When Susan gives these presentations, she shares her personal experience. "I've been abused; I've considered suicide",
confesses the renowned singer. Susan unravels her feelings:
"It feels like you've been violated not only physically, but also
spiritually and emotionally. You begin to feel worthless.
No matter how strong you look on the outside, you are
broken inside."
"Such feelings of low self-esteem cannot change
overnight", explains Susan. "Somebody decided that you were
not worthy and abused you, but nobody has the right to do
that. Every day, I tell myself that I'm a good person, a good
singer and songwriter. Its a constant fight for self-reaffirmation.
You have to look deep within yourself and find that little light,
that spark, and trust it. Every day, you have to remind yourself
of that spark and it will take you further, at least to the next day,
and so on. You have to hold on, believe in yourself."
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You can find Susan Aglukark's albums at your local Co-op
and/or Northern stores. Susan is presently working on a new
album, which should be ready within a year or so. If you wish
to contact her, you can do so through Larry
Wanagas
at (416) 656-2600 or by e-mail at
info@bumstead.com
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Tradition:
A Compilation
of Northern
Music
This album is a compilation of music excerpts from five other albums previously
produced by Inukshuk Productions: Nunavik Concert, Inuit Artist World
ShowCase, Tuhaalruuqtut, Katutjatut and Laina Tullaugak, as well as music
recorded in Baker Lake, Nunavut. Various artists from Nunavik, Nunavut and
Alaska each bring in a different flavour to this collection of Inuit music, such as
throat singing with Alacie Tullaugak and Lucy Amarualik of Puvirnituq, drumming, traditional Alaskan Ay ya yas, Inukjuak Minnie Palliser's mouth harp, and
even a Takuginai puppet show.
The album can be purchased at your local Co-op or Northern store. For more
information, contact Inukshuk Productions in Inukjuak at (819) 254-8788 or by
e-mail at info@inukshukproductions.ca Check their Web site for a selection of traditional and contemporary Inuit music: www.inukshukproductions.ca
T R I C K OR TREAT
By Jennifer
LaPage
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Many of our men are gone out at sea for weeks to fish
shrimp. When they come back with their catch, it's
always a delight for the taste buds to enjoy fresh shrimp,
whether on their own, or with misiraq or seafood sauce.
You can also order cold water shrimp through Inuksiutiit
Arctic Foods in Kuujjuaq by calling (819) 964-2817, or ask
your local Co-op store.
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There are many recipes in which shrimp can be added,
such as the following. Remember that, since the shrimp
are already cooked, there is no need to cook them again.
You only need to thaw them. When included in a warm
or hot serving, such as a stew or pasta, they should only
be added at the last minute.
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Thaw and peel shrimps.
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Cook macaroni or any other pasta of your choice,
and let it cool.
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Prepare a mixture of mayonnaise with curry
powder and some minced garlic to taste, and mix
with the macaroni.
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Add the shrimps, fresh chopped celery and
broccoli, or any other vegetable of your choice.
-CURRY
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INGREDIENTS:
-2-3
LBS. OF COLD WATER SHRIMP (100-200 SHRIMPS)
-MACARONI
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Peel the avocados and chop them in cubes, then
add them to the mix for colour and flavour.
-GARLIC
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PEPPER
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ENJOY
56
O ^ J T C r r u V !
Y O U R TASTY
LUNCH!
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Add salt and pepper to taste, or any other spice
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NEED:
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- P A I R OF S C I S S O R S
- F U R OF A L A R G E O T T E R , B E A V E R OR E L S E
- SILAPAK FABRIC AND L I N I N G ( E . G . : THIN
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Fold the fur in two to find its center (spine) and draw a line from top to bottom on the inside of the skin
to have two equal sections on each side.
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the hair of the fur.
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outside of the ears and the inside of the front and on
the lining fabric of your choice for the inside of the
hat, top and sides. Cut out the fabric with scissors.
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Hand sew the two fur strips that make the sides of
the hat together; front with front and back with back
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Outline the pattern as shown on the skin. The fur should go from front to back on all pieces.
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Hand sew the top of the sides to the round piece of
fur that makes the top of the hat. The front stitch ol
the sides should be sewn to the front of the round
top, and the back to the back. Make sure to pleat the
fur sides to the top, mostly in the front and back,
as they are bigger than the round top.
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Do the same with the lining fabric. You can use a sewing
machine for this part.
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Hand sew the fur pieces for the ears together in the back.
Hand sew the silapak fabric pieces on the skin side of the
fur by folding the fur on top of the fabric a little, except
for the top which you will then sew to the rest of the hat.
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Hand sew the front piece of fur in t h e same way to
the front piece of silapak fabric.
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Hand sew t h e ear pieces to t h e sides of t h e h a t .
Hand sew t h e front pie ce to t h e f r o n t of t h e hat;
the straight side sewn to the bottom and the round side
on top with a stitch.
11)
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H a n d sew t h e l i n i n g i n s i d e of t h e f u r h a t .
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Dallacy outlines t h e p a t t e r n on t h e skin.
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Make two wool braids and attach one to each ear.
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NUNAVIK PLAYERS: THE PEOPLE'S CHOICE
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A ^ J ^ P f T P ^ d f i U / Favourite Sport: _
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^ A ^ C n - o - ' à / Most difficult obstacle:
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<c-<o.'D / Best memory:
S U B M I T S O M E B O D Y A N D GET A FREE
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A Nunavik Player is a person, any person, who plays
a positive role in your community, have a good influence
on people around them, and that you would like
to acknowledge. Age doesn't matter: it can be a child,
a teenager, a young adult or an elder. The candidate has
to be a beneficiary of the JBNQA.
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T-SHIRT!
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Once you have selected a candidate, please send the
completed Nunavik Player questionnaire along with
a good quality photograph to the following address:
Makivik Magazine
c/o Nunavik Players
P.O. Box 1 7 9
Kuujjuaq, Quebec
JOM 1C0
Makivik Magazine
c/o Nunavik Players
P.O. Box 1 7 9
Kuujjuaq, Quebec
JOM ICO
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Please make sure you have the person's consent before
submitting their name and photograph to the magazine.
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In order to make our selection easier, please explain why
you think this person would be a good candidate for
Nunavik Player. In case we need clarification of some
information, please leave us a phone number where
we can reach you, as well as the candidate.
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READERS'
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QUIZ
WINNERS
Dave Pembroke of Kuujjuaq won $100, while Jacob Tookalook
of Umiujaq, Annie Tukalak Jr. of Puvirnituq, George Munick and
Mary Makiuk of Kuujjuaq also won prizes for their correct
answers to our Readers' Quiz in our Summer issue (#58).
3°C is the temperature of fresh water under ice in the winter.
Isomet is the name of the slow speed saw used to cut animal
bone and tooth.
Lemongrass or Juniper berries can be added to Ground Juniper
tea to make its taste less bitter.
A r V U H V
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COLLEGE STUDENT PHEBE BENTLEY
WORKED WITH US LAST SUMMER
AS A REPORTER FOR THE MAGAZINE,
ALSO HELPING US ARCHIVING OUR
EXTENSIVE PHOTO COLLECTION.
THANK YOU PHEBE!