fofk;
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m%xYfha isxy, wjqreÿ Wf<,
fofk;
Denetha
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cqks l,dmh
;dkdm;s;=ñh ms<s.ksñka
wjqreÿ jevigyfka úis;=re wjia:d
wfma tf;r isák isxy,
fn!oaOhskag fukau fjk;a
wd.ñlhkago fujr
isxy, w¨;a wjqreÿ
oji wu;l jqfha ke;
meßia kqjr isák m%xYfha
ix>kdhl mQcH mrjdyer
pkaor;k kd ysñhkaf.a
wjjdo wkqYdikd mßÈ
fujr isxy, wjqreÿ Wf<,
m%xY fn!oaO uOHia:dkfha§
isÿflreKs
fï tys úfYaI o¾Ykhs
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
filaid mokfï YsIH;aj
m%odfkda;aijh
2008
ñkqjkaf.dv mS,a,j;a;
cd;Hka;r fn!oaO uOhia:dkfha§
2008 cQ,s ui 13 jk Èk
W;aijY%Sfhka meje;afõ
mqj;am;la jYfhka ,shdmÈxÑ lrk ,§
ñyska;,djhs
oyï wudjhs
mQcH mrjdyer pkaor;k kdhl iajdókajykafia m%uqL
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msgq wxl 10 - 11
mQcH mrjdyer pkaor;k kdysñhka iy .,f.dvw;af;a [dKidr ysñhka fndafidaf,hs
k.rdêm;s yuq jQ fudfyd;la
ffjoHdpd¾h le¿ï ùrisxy uy;d m%uqL úksYaph uKav,h
m%xYfha fjila wisßh fujr;a uy by,ska
10 - 11
meßia kqjr w¨;a wjqreÿ od
msgq wxl 20
fofk; fy,sl< úð;mqr igfka
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.,alsßhd.umkaif,a l:dj ,nk l,dmh n,kak
msg 19
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mkais,a iqrlsk iudchla ìyslruq
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
fofk;
ol=KQ m%xYfha fjila
wkqYdil
ol=KQ m%xYfha fn!oaO uOHia:dkhla wdrïN lsrSu
i|yd jQ uQ,sl lghq;= miq.shod isÿ flreKS' m%:u
j;djg fjila wkqiaurK W;aijhla ol=Kq m%xYfha
kSia k.rhg wdikak fndafidf,hs (Beausoeil)
m%foaYfhaoS miq.shod meje;ajqKs' tu k.rfhys jdih
lrK Y%S ,dxlsl mskaj;=kaf.a ixúOdkfhka mj;ajk
,o fuu fuu fjila wkqiaurK W;aijh b;d
w,xldrj;a wkaoñka ixúOdkh lr ;snQ w;r
tu
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m%uqL msrsilao iyNd.S jQy' fuu W;aijfha wd.ñl
lghq;= fufyhjk ,oafoa mQcH mrjdyer pkaor;k
kdysñhka úiska iy mQcH .,f.dvw;af;a [dKidr
ysñhka úisks
m%xYfha m%Odk ix>kdhl
Ydia;%m;s mQcH mrjdyer pkaor;k kdysñ
Rev Parawahera Chandaratana Maha Thero (M.A)
Chief Sanganayaka Of France
m%Odk l¾;D
tÉ ví,sõ wNhmd,
0775587389
l¾;D uKav, iydh
Tksld ksf,daIkS l=udß wNhmd,
.hka; mqIam l=udr nKavdr 0776706136
Contact Address
France :-
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
fofk;
rc., lkao mduq, isák iqm%lg fcda;sIH úYdro
yqkakia.sßh fjo uy;df.ka úYañ; wkdjelshla
2008 foieïn¾ 12 jk isl=rdod Wªjma mqr
mif,diajl fmdfydaod Y%S ,xldfõ reyqKQ
mqrfha WmÈk mskajka; orefjla wkd.;fha§
f,dj úYañ; m%d;syd¾h mdñka fiiq ish¨
wd.ñ wNsNjd f,dj W;a;ß;r O¾uh nqoaO
O¾uh njg m;alrkafkah
7 , Cite Firmin Bourgeois
93350
Le Bourget
France
Sri Lanka:International Buddhist Center
Peellawaththa Road
Yatiyana
Minuwangoda
Tel :-
0033148351071
0094112254520
Email:- Fsct_net@yahoo.com
Gyn_bandara@yahoo.com
Ydka;sf,aLd uy;añh mQcH mrjdyer pkaor;k kdysñhka iy
.,f.dvw;af;a [dKidr ysñhka yuq jQ fudfyd;la
Web:-Centerbouddhique.fr
foaY lS¾;s iïudkfhka msÿï ,nhs
m%xYfha§ Tng jeo.;a jk ixpdrl yd fj<| wdh;khka
Explore Voyage
45,Bd Murat
75016 Paris
Tel:0147431519
Sandamali
93 Rue de la Condamine
75017 Paris
Tel:0155061504
Game Kade
Darma
48,Rue Louis Blanc
1,Rue Dias
92100 Boulogne 75018 Paris
Tel:01403748
Tel:0146042837
Wimal Lanka Fright Frowarders
9,Rue Paul Bert
92270 Colombes
Mobil :0603353220
Sevana Enterprise
Import & Export
25 Bd de la Chapelle
75010 Paris
Tel:0142091598
Vinthiya Exotique
18,Rue Biort
72017 Paris
Tel:0143870941
Trico International
16 bis Av.des Fleurs,
95000 Thillay
Tel:0139883727
CIEL LINK
Agence de Voyages,
38 Rue letort
75018 Paris
Tel:0142546004
UNILANKA
TRAVELS & TOURS
42,Rue D' Hauteville
75010 Paris
Tel:0148000102
DS Traduction et Secretariat
02 Avenue Bayolle 93300
Vincennes
06 66 68 63 51
Jathavana Buddhist Vihara
52 Bis ,Rue Pierre Semard
93150 Le Blanc Mesnil
Tel:0148655768
Embassy Of Sri Lanka
16, Rue Spontini
75016 Paris
Tel:0155733131
Métro: Porte Dhauphine
Sri Lanka Air Line
115 , Rue Réaumur
75009 Paris
Tel:0142974344
Metro: Bourse
Y%S ,xldfõ isák iqm%lg fcda;sIh úoHd úYdro ffjoHdpd¾h
Èjhsjkgu idu úksiqre ta weï ySkanxvd uy;d ^ yqkakia.sßfha fjo
uy;d &yuq jkak
ta weï ySkanxvd uy;d
fcda;sIh úoHd úYdro
iuia: ,xld idu úksiqre
yqkakia.sßh
m%xYfha Y%S ,dxlslhskaf.a ixúOdkh
4, Rue Saint Saint Cloud
92410 Vill d Avray
ÿrl:k 060 2841481
081 2402549
077 5715898
ch fudfyd;, iqN kel;a ,.%y wm,, kvq j,ska ch, úúO wdrjq,a fujeks
±fjk m%Yak j,ska ñ§u i|yd wu;kak
Dhammachakka Buddhist Association
25 -Rue de La Courneuve
93000 Bobigny
Tel:-0148351139
m%xYfha Y%S ,xld ixialD;sl fi!kao¾hh yd wOHdmksl
ixioh
63, Ave Raymond Poincare
75116 Paris
Tel:0145531369
m%xYfha Y%s ,xld isxy, ixialD;sl
ixúOdkh fjkqfjka Y%s ,xldfõ § bgq úh
hq;= ixúOdkfha ish`Mu jev lghq;=
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m%fhdackj;a ,smskhka
International Buddhist Center
7,rue Cité Firmin Bourgeois
93350 Le Bourget
France
Tel 033148351071
f.!rj iïudkfhka msÿï ,eîh’
fndr,eia.uqj lKsIaG
úoHd,fhka uQ,sl wOHdmkh ,enQ Tyq
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7" Cité Firmin Bourgeois
93350 Le Bourget France
Tel:-0148351071
m%xYfha Y%S ,dxlslhskaf.a ixúOdkh
4, Rue Saint Saint Cloud
92410 Vill d Avray
m%xYfha Y%S ,xld udkj ys;jdoSkaf.a ixúOdkh ó.uq ixúOdkh
14 Rue des petit Champs
13, Bd . Lefebvre
77650 Ste Colomb
75015 Paris
Tel:0160677768
Tel:0447887809
m%xYfha Y%S ,xld ixialD;sl m¾Yoh
112, rue Heléne Cochennec
E.S.C 20/21 , Logt:306
93300 Aubervilliers
Tel:0148392239
m%xYfha Y%S ,xld isxy, ixialD;sl ixúOdkh
87, Rue de General Leclerc
93110 Rosny S/Bois
Tel:0148550196
m%xYfha Y%S ,xld l%slÜ ixúOdkh
54, Allée de la Forêt
92360 Meudon la Forêt
Tel:0173484272
m%xYfha Y%S ,xld wOHdmk flakaøh
1, Esp.M.Thores (274B)
95100 Argenteuil
Tel:0666766473
cd;sl fy< Wreuh
69, Avenue Général
Leclerc ,971 CRS UITAINE
92100, Boulogne
02
m%xYfha wrefKdaoh ixúOdkh
15 Av Du Bel Air
75012 Paris
Tel:0148513665
kjl isiqka n|jd.ekSu
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;dlaIKsl wdh;kh i|yd 11 jk YsIH lKavdhu
n|jd .ekSu 2008 cQ,s ui 13 jk Èk ñkqjkaf.dv
cd;Hka;r uOHia:dkfha§ W;aijY%Sfhka meje;afõ
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fofk;
cd;Hka;r fn!oaO uOHia:dkh
mS,a,j;a; mdr
ñkqjkaf.v
,Smskhg fhduq lrkak
fukak ta flakaøh
pkaø
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orejd O¾udkql+,j Ôj;ajk mjq,l ±kg
uõl=i ms<sis|f.k we;af;ah' jhi
tfld,y jk úg 2019 § fuu orejd
m%jDcdN+ñhg m;aj Ndjkdfhda.Sj Ôú;hla
.;lrkakdy
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úYañ; oE lrkakdy' f,dalfha wkd.;
nqÿiiqk nn,jk fï mskaj;a orejd 2033
jk úg wOHd;añl uyd Yla;s n,fhka
lrk oE f,dalm%lg jkjd muKla fkdj
f,dalfha ckhdf.a je֕msؕ j,g md;%
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fuu orejdg ckau flakaøh wkqj
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fï mskaj;aa l=udrhd iu. tÈk yd Bg
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/ila fuf,daj t,sh ,n;s'ta orejka fï
rfÜ iïm;ah
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foieïn¾ ui 12 jkod iji 03'10 g
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fofkl= i| yd .=re w;f¾ isáoa§h'
lkHd kjdxYfla frfyk kelf;a
y;rjk mdofha lgl fydardfjka isxy
fo¾ldkfha jDIaÑl oaú oYdxYlfha yd
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hq.hla lrd rg .uka lrkafkah'
fuu wkdjelsh lshkafka iqm%lg fcda;sIh
úYdrohl= jk ffjoh ta weï ySkanKavd
fjouy;dh ' Tyq Y%S ,xldj ;=< isák
fcda;sIH úohdj ms<sn| yi,
úYdro;a j hla ola j k yq k a k ia . ßh
fjouy;d kñka cd;Hka;r lS¾;shg m;aj
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we;s fcda;sIH yd ffjoH mrmqrlska
mejf;k ta weï yskanKavd fyj;a
yqkakia.sßfha fjouy;d kqf.a ;ekafka
fjord<ydñ jyfhka m%lgj isá fcda;s¾
12
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fikr;a rcqf.a rcueÿf¾ kel;a rd<
moú ord rcikkaia .ñjr Tjqkg
tod ,eî ;snqks '
fï rfÜ by< fmf,a rdcH
kdhlhskaf.a klaI;% lghq;= jeks
fndfyda oE ±kgu;a ySkanKavd fjo
uy;d bgqlr we;'
foaymd,lhska rcjk oji;a fõ,dj;a
rclu ke;sjk oji;a lshkakg ymka
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uqo,g ,dNhg jy,a fkdú ;u
jD;a;sh f.!rjfhka bgq lrkafkah'
Tyq lshk mßÈ 2008 foieïn¾ 12
jkod WmÈk orejd 2050 jk úg
f,dju fn!oaO O¾uhg fmr,k
õ Y a ñ ; o E i s ÿ l r k
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idlaIs bÈßm;a lrñka mjihs'
,.akh fïI rdYsh ù .=re
lgl rdYsfhyso rú oijekafkyso
isáh§ ish¨u mdm .%yhka f;jekak
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lglfha;a nqo fojekakjq lkHfjyso
mdm .%yfhda 8 - 6 - 10 fjks Wmph
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tÉ ví,sõ wNhmd, úisks
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
fofk;
E.B Ayesha Madushani
Mr. Mahinda Perera
(S-171)
Donated by
W.M.Asitha Lakshan Sandaruwan
Mr & Mrs Sudath Tennakoon
Chairman -Central Bearing
(S-145)
Donated by
E.H.L.Sadamali
Mr Herath Lalith 38,
Quai de la Rappé
75012 Paris France
(S-172)
Donated by
G.H. Harshani Dilrukshi
Rakitha Senarathna
D.M. Prasanthika Madumali
Mr J.T Weerasuriya Chairman Araliya International
filaid mokfï wOHlaI
m%xYfha m%Odk ix>kdhl
mQcH mrjdyer pkaor;k kdysñ
(S-146)
K.K.S Madusanka.
(S-173)
Donated by
(S-147)
Donated by
Hettiarachchi
A.A Koushalya Nadheshani
Mr & Mme. Gamini & Shanika
(S-174)
Donated by
D.M. Nadeesha Dilrukshi Disanayaka
Mr J.T Weerasuriya Chairman Araliya International
101, Rue Anizan Cavillon 93350
Le Bourget France
(S-175)
M.K. Harsha Priyanath
(S-148)
M.G Dilhani Nayomika.
Donated by
Mrss. Githa Nishani Perera
47 Rue de Babylone
75007 Paris France
(S-176)
J.M. Dinidu Lakshan
(S-177)
H.M. Chamila Herath
(S-149)
Donated by
(S-178)
Donated by
R.M. Nimesha Sandamali Rathnayaka
Mr Kalinga Pathirana 10,
Impasse des Tournelles 92400,
Courbevoie France
(S-179)
R.M. Inoka Priyadarshani
(S-180)
R.M. Nisansala Dilrukshi
(S-181)
T.M.Thushara Pradeep Kumara
(S-182)
J.M.Hasantha Danuka Lakmal
S.M Malesha Chathuranga.
Mrs. Rupika Wickramarachchi
Chez M Kodippili 107
Rue Etienne Dolet
94230 Cachan France
(S-150)
Donated by
A.G.N Lanka Ariyadasa.
Mr Rakhita Senarathna
(S-151)
Donated by
D.V.S Tharaka
Mr & Mrs Malinga Gamaarachchi
59, Bd. D'Auteuil 92000
Boulogne Billiancourt France
(S-152)
Donated by
B.M .N Prasadi
Melle Améli Pavaux
19, Av. Verdier 92120
Montrouge France
(S-153)
Donated by Mr
W.C.A Pethum Verasinghe
Fortin Matthias 54,
Rue Front Coriolis 75012 Paris
France
(S-154)
R.M Sriyana Samanthika.
(SM-47)
Donated by
D I.S. Samarasinghe
Mrs. Nisha Indiketi - 101,
Rue Anizan Cavillon 93350
Le Bourget France
(SM-48)
O.P.R Hasanthika.
Donated by Mrss. Inoshini
Rue Visconti - 75006
Paris France
(SM-49)
Donated by
N.G R Thusharika.
Mr Ravindu Sulanga
5,Rue Bonapart 75005 Paris
France
(SM-50)
Donated By
Nadeesha Lakmini Rajawardana
Mme. Ruwani Ariyaratna 10,
rue Emile Lenel 75017, Paris
France
Others Students Details 2008/ 2009
( O-94)
S
H.D.M D Damayanthi Kumari
(SO-95)
(SO-96)
Donated by
Thanamalwila.
G.P.G Vijekumara.
Mme. Sumana Patirana
(S-183)
Donated by
L.A.Maldu Pahasara.
Mr & Mme. Chamath Samaranayaka
(SO-97)
Donated by
(S-184)
Donated by .
R.Madushani Tharanga.
Herath Patiranalage Piyasiri
10, Impasse des Tournelles 92400
, Courbevoie France
(SO-98)
Donated by
(S-185)
S.A.Nadeeka.
J.B.D Anoja Kusum Jayasuriya.
Mr Ranjith Perera 78,
Avenue General Leclerc 92100
Boulogne Biliancourt France
(S-186)
Ven.Usgala Sumiththa Thero.
(SO-99)
Donated by
Madurika Jayalath
Mr Wijetunga Bogahawatta
(SO-100)
Donated by
Charana Abeysrinarayana
Ramani Senanayaka living in
France
(S-155)
M.G Shanaka Vijerathna.
(S-187)
M.L.A.Dayadani Maduhansi.
(S-156)
A.A.Isurini Achinthika Amarasingha
(S-188)
M.B.Nadeera Ashintha Shalitha.
(S-157)
Yasuru Kasun Thilakawardana
(S-158)
M.A.Nishan Nayanajith
(S-159)
W.D.Sanduni Hiranaya Dias
(S-160)
T.M.Madushika Lakmali
(S-161)
Sureka Nuwanthi Mathagaweera
(S-162)
A.H.T.Sanduni Lakmali
(S-163)
H.P.G.Yasara Lochana
(S-164)
H.P.Viduranga Dilip Kumara
(S-165)
L.Hansika Piumanthi
(S-166)
Donated by
Mr & Mrs Sudath Tennakoon
Chairman -Central Bearing
Medical Students Details 2008/ 2009
(SM-40)
Donated by
C. Chandrasiri
Mme. Kalika Patiranalage 10,
Impasse des Tournelles 92400,
Courbevoie France
(SM-42)
Donated by
G.K Anusha Gayan Shiromi.
Mr & Mrs. Naleen Kumarasinghe
In memory of Dr Weerasingha
P.S.Niroshani Sandamali
Mr Kalinga Pathirana
(SM-43)
G. Duminda
Miss Dinidu Uduwana
rue Mont-agel, 06240
Beausoleil, France
(S-167)
Donated by
K.G.P. Dinesha Sandamali.
Rakitha Senarathna
(SM-44)
Donated by
P.S Adirisinghe
Mrs. Chandra Hewawasam 5,
Bd Flandrin 75016 Paris France
(S-168)
Donated by
A.P.M. Nirosha Malkanthi
Rakitha Senarathna
(SM-45)
Donated by
(S-169)
Donated by
D.M. Lakshan Madushanka
Rakitha Senarathna
N.A.H.W.D Sangiwa Kumara
Mr.Duminda Bandara Chandrasekara
59, Bd. Auteuil 92100,
Boulogne Billancourt
(S-170)
Donated by
Pushpakumara Karunasundara
Mr & Mrs Sudath Tennakoon
Chairman -Central Bearing
(SM-46)
Donated by
25,
P.A Sudhika Damayanthi
Mrs Yasanti Dilhara Hettiarchchi
( Dhammika Parawahera Kekanadur)
18
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02. mh` s`vq&
akOsl kr~m.
kQy` akOsl kr~m pY@b|q @qkk~ g#n.
H.M Chaminda Pushpa Kumara
Mr. Kiriliyange Gerard N° 6,
Av Victor Hugo 92170 Vanves
(SM-41)
Donated By
Buththala
fofk;
iudcjdoh mqiaila l<
l, l¾uh
filaid mokfuka jd¾Isl YsIH;aj ,nk
YsIH kdu f,aLkh 2008 - 2009
(S-144)
Donated by
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
miq.sh YsIH;aj m%Odfkda;aij
u;l igyka
wOL apt qk~nt l#@bnv`. s~v`mQNW @l`~ky wOL @m v#nQ
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pQLQwOrk~ @qnv`. "m`nvky, oy sQyl~lt m @h~wOv kr~my yQ"
kQyl`. nmRw~ q#n~ @m w#n qW ap v#rqQ aqhsk~ a#wQ krgw yRwO
n$. pRq~gly` @g~ @mm vQ;mw`vn~t sQyyt sQyyk~ m
@h~wOvn~@n~ kr~my @lst.
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03
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wqbl akOsl kr~m. q#n~ mnR;&ykO m#rm v#nQ akOsl
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m#rm @b`@h`~ @vl`vt al~p s`vq& @vn~n pRUvn~. @m`k q?
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@y`qn~n` vR Xk~wQ pYm`Ny v#dQyQ. q#n~ hRM @q@nk~ wr~k
krn@k`t nm| kQynv`, e~ sw`@g w~ pN, @m| sw`@g w~ pN,
pNt pN sm`nyQ. e@hnm| akOsl kr~my sm`nyQ kQyl`. e~k
v#rqQyQ. bRqE qh@m| ugn~vn~@n~. al~p s`vq&, mh` s`vq&
kQyn akOsl kr~my @q@k~ qW, al~p s`vq& akOsl kr~mykOyQ,
mh` s`vq& akOsl kr~mykOyQ ekQ@nkt @vns~ bv yQ. apQ
krn~n` vR @m| akOsl kr~m, apQ mrn~n` vR sw~vy`@g~ pYm`Ny
anRv, e~ e~ akOsl kr~my kQrmt ap @y`qn~n` vR @v@hs
mhn~sQy h` apQt phLvn~n` vR r`g, @q`~;, @m`~h sQwOvQlQ anRv
al~p s`vq&, mh` s`vq& kQyn s~vx`v @q@kn~ ek p#w~wkt
v#@tn~n pRUvn~.
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
fofk;
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
fofk;
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
YsIH;aj m%Odfkda;aijh 2008
fjif`.a wisßh ne;sfhka ieurE
YS% Oïudjdi oyï mdi,
YsIH;aj ,nk ¥ mq;=ka fj; flfrk iqNme;=u
ñkqjkaf.dv mS,a,j;a; cd;Hka;r fn!oaO
uOHia:dkhg wkqNOAÈ;j mj;ajdf.k hkq ,nk Y%S
Oïudjdi oyïmdif,a isiq ore ±ßhka fujr fjila
mqka fmdfyda wisßh ú¢kq ,enqfõ m%;sM;a;s mQcdjkag
uq,a;ekla foñks' ta wkqj oyï .=re Nj;=kaf.a
u.fmkaúu hgf;a yd m%Odkdpd¾h .re nlsks.iauv
Oïuls;a;s ysñhkaf.a uq,sl;ajfhka Y%S, iudodkhla
ixúOdkh l, w;r Bg úfYaI foaYkd "O¾ufoaYkd
jeks úfYaIdx. /ila we;=,;a úh ‘
miajre ld,fha u,a okai,la yd úfYaI fndaê
mQcdjlao lúnK foaYkhla o mej;s w;r úydria:
N+ñh úÿ,s wdf,dalfhka yd fjila mykska wdf,dalu;a
lrkq ,eîh ‘
miqìñka ±lafjkafka fujr fjila uy wisßh
iksgqyka lrñka Y%S Oïudjdi ore ±ßhka W;=ï jQ mqkH
lghq;;a i|yd ;u odhl;ajh ±lajq wjia:d lsysmhls’
2007$08 iy 2008$09 j¾Ihka
fjkqfjka YsIH;aj b,a¨ïm;a /ila Èjhsfka
kkafoiska cd(fn!(u( fj; ,enqKs' ,efnñka o
mj;S' 2008 ckjdÍ ueo Nd.fha § wod< whÿï m;a
j, f;dr;=re fidhd ne,Su isÿ lr ud¾;= ui §
wjika lrk ,§'
fuu ud ye.s Wodr ld¾h jir .Kkl isg
isÿ lrñka isákafka" m%xYfha jev jdih lrk
w;smQcH mrjdyer pkaor;k uy kdhl iajdóka
jykafia nj Tn ieu ieuod wu;l fkdjk whqßka
is;a ys ;nd .; hq;= lD;fõ§ lreKla nj
ldreKslj wjOdkh lr .; hq;=h' ohdnr jQ isiq
¥ mq;=ks wo Èk Tn filaid mokfï YsIH;aj ,dNSka
iy ,dNskshka jkakSh' wdorKsh fouõmshks"
YsIH;ajfhka msÿï ,nk Tn,df.a mq;df.a"
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uu meñKqfkñ' th m%:u j;djgh' ud Tnf.a
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±k y`ÿkd.;a ys;jf;lao "fkdjkafkah' Ok"uer"
iudc"foaYmd,k wd§ n,fõ.hkag wjk; jQfjla
o fkdfjñ' iqÿiqlï mÍCIdfõ § th fldf;la
ÿrg udf.a yDo idCIshg tl`.j wjxlj isÿ
l<do@ ug jvd Tn,dgu th jegfykjd we;' Tn
fond uq,g ud meñfkkafka YsIH;aj wysñ lrkakg
fkdfõ'tajd ,nd §ugh'
wdh;kfha
fldkafoais ud is;
;=<g ldje§ we;'
tajdgo ±ä f,i
.re lrñka udkj
ohdjo fmr±ß
lr .ksñka
iqÿiaikaf.ka
by<u iqÿiqlï,;a wh f;dard .kafka mj;akd
wd¾Ól rgdjgo uQ,slFjh foñks'
b,a¨ïm;a ishhlg jeä ixLHdjlska b;sß iq`:;r
ixLHdj f;dard .ekSfñ § ud o ldhsl fjfyig
jvd udkisl mSvkhkag ,la jqKs' úfYaIfhkau
;%sl=Kdu,h uyshx.kh yïnkaf;dg m%foaYhka ys
iuyr ia:dk j, ;;ajhka .ek uu o miq;eú,s
fjñ'ffjoH yd fjk;a mSG fldmuK b,a¨ïm;a
;snqK;a YsIH;aj ,nd Èh yelafla iSñ; msßilg
muKs' fujr ish,a,kau mejiqfõ mj;akd wd¾Ól
wmyiqlï wdÈhhs' b;du;a ke;s neß wh
ksyv;djhla ±lajqjo "iuyr ia:dkhka ys hï
muKlg fyda we;s yels wh ke;s neß whg jvd
jdÑlj iqÿiqlï lshd mEuo W;aidy ±Íuo
úfYaI;ajhls''
ohdnr orejks" kdhl ysñhka uy;a
wúfõlS;djh uOHfha jqjo fjfyfikafka Tn ieu
fjkqfjks' filaid mokug b,a¨ñm;a fhduq lrk
Tn ieugu YsIH;aj ,nd§ug uy;a ´kElula
we;;a tfia l< fkdyels ùu .ek o n,j;a fia
miq;eú<s fjuq 'i;Hh jYfhkau hqfrdamfha isg
hqfrda Y%s ,xld remsh,a j,g wkq.;j fmdïm
lsÍula fia cd( fn!( u( fj; ,efnkafka kï
ish`:fokdu YsIH;aj ch.%dylfhda jkafkdah' th
tfia isÿ fkdfõ'
wm f.!rjkS h kdhl ys ñ hka f .a "
úfYaIfhkau tf;r § isÿlrñka isákakdjQ ish`:
ld¾hhkag uy;a fjfyila orK mQcH udm,.u
ðkdkkao ysñ mQcH ;,x.,af,a iqux., ysñ
we;=`: fiiq ix> r;akh;a .sys md¾Yjfha ish`:
odhl odhsldjka o filaid moku o úYd, Èßhls'
fuf;r cd(fn!(u(uQ,ia:dkfha ish`:
ld¾hhkag;a lemùfuka ish fiajdjka bgq lrk
mßmd,k f,a l dêldÍ mQ c H nls k s . ia u v
Oïuls;a;s ysñ mQcH jf;da., nqoaOidr ysñhka
iy .sys md¾Yjfha ieuod olajk iyh ieuod
w.h l< hq;=h'whÿïm;a j,g wod,j ,sms
iy;sl m;a wdÈh ,nd ÿka ksl=;a l<
úydrdêm;Ska jykafia,d;a
wfkl= ; a ix>r;a k h;a " úÿy,a m ;s " Wm
úÿy,am;s;=uka,d;a " fiiq wdpd¾h jreka" jßhka
o " oyï mdie,a ys wdpd¾h uKav,fha ieu;a "
.%d$fia$ks<OdÍ uy;=ka " wfkl=;a m%N+msßia fj;
filaid mokfï fiajfhka ì|la
YS, iudodkfha wjia:d lsysmhla
fmdfyda Èk úfYaI foaYkhla i|yd meñKs
wfYdal ueKslaf.v uy;d
m%ikak w,aúia uy;dg
foaYlS¾;s iïudkhla
IS'm%ikak w,aúia
uy;d Y%s ,xldfõ
f.dvke.s,s bÈlsÍï
lafIa;%h ±jeka;
uqyqKqjrlg mßj¾;kh
lr Ys% ,xldfõ fukau
cd;Hka;rjo iïudkhg
md;%j isák fld<U
ã'tia'fiakdkdhl úÿyf,a
uQ,sl wOHdmkh ,enQfjls'
lS¾;su;a udkj ys;jd§
iudc fiajlfhls'
fld<U ã'tia'fiakdkdhl
úÿyf,a YsIH ix.ï
iNdm;s jrhdo ù isá
m%ikak w,aúia uy;d
mdief,a úúO lghq;= j,g
iyNd.S ù úYsIaG ls%hdldrlï
j, ksye,S oCI f,i bgq l,
flfkls' Y%s ,xldfõ
wOHdmkfhka miqj jeä ÿr
wOHdmkh i`oyd Tyq úfoaY
.; úh'
m%:ufhka uyd ì%;dkHfha §;a
bka miqj weußld tlai;a
ckmofha§;a jHdmdr
mßmd,kh iy lDIs miq iïm;a
la f Ia ; % f ha Wiia wOHmkh
yodrd tu rgj,§ m%dfhda.sl
mqyqKq ieis wdÈhgo il%sh f,i
iyNd.S ùfuka wk;= r ej
"Èjhskg meñKs fudyq
wdfhdack uKav, wkque;sh
YS, iudodkfha wjia:d lsysmhla
,;a mY= iïm;a
wdh;khla w;a;k.,a,
mY= iïm;a ixj¾Ol
iud.u˜ kñka msysgq jk
,È'
Wm;skau fn!oaOfhl= jQ
fn!oaO mßirhl ye§
jeã wOHmkh yeoEre
m%ikak w,aúia uy;d jeä
l<la hkakg u;af;ka mY=
iïm;a lafIa;%fha isÿ jk
i;aj >d;k wdÈh
ms<sn`oj we;s jQ n,j;a
l<lsÍfuka fjk;a
lafIa;%hl l¾udka;hla
weröug ;SrKh fldg
wef.%dafúÜ lkai,agkaia
wekaâ äjf,dm¾ia ˜ kñka
wdh;khla mgka .kakd
,È 'bka wk;=rej thg
wkqnoaê;j ÿkdrd
04
lkaiag%laIkaia ˜ kñka hlv
f.dvke.s , s bÈls Í fï uyd
mßudkfha jHdmdrhla mgka f.k
±kg tu lghq;= j, ksr;j isà'
wo Tyq Èjhsk mqrd
±jeka; l¾udka; Yd,d"
l%Svd.dr "úYd, .nvd ixlS¾K
fukau iqmsß ;Ügq ksjdi bÈlrk
ÿkdrd lkaiag%laIka iud.fï
iNdm;s
iy l<ukdldr
wOHCIljrhdh' iS ' m% i ka k
w,aúia uy;d wfma rfÜ wfkl=;a
jHdmdßl m%cdjg uy`.=
wdo¾Yhls ' jHdmdßl f,dfõ
Èÿ<k ;drldjls'ienE iudc
fiajlfhls' jpkfha
mßiudma;sfhkau ienE
fn!oaOfhls'cd;sl ;reK
kdhlfhls
Tfí mqj;a wmg ,shkak
Tn Ydia;%sh ,smsf,aLk wOHkh lrkafklao
ola I f,a L lfhla o tfia kï Tn ks ¾ udK
fofk; mqj;amf;a m< lr.ekSu i|yd my; ,smskhg
fhduq lrkak
fofk;
.hka; nKavdr uhd - m%jD;a;s l¾;D
cd;Hka;r fn!oaO uOHia:dkh
mS,a,j;a; - ñkqjkaf.dv
ixfõ.fhka ±kqï§uhs
jir 33 la meßisfha Ôj;a fjñka Tn wm
ldf.a;a ckdorhg m;a ghsgia uy;d
yÈisfha wmw;ßka úfhda úh wjika
lghq;= Y%S ,xldfõoS isÿlsßug kshñ;
w;rmeßisfha fjfik Y%S ,dxlsl ieuf.a
id;s Y h ixfõ.h fufia fofk;
mqj;am; u.ska m<lr isáuq
ud tfia l<;a nÿ,a,-¨Kq., m%foaYfhka
fodaYdfrdamK" fpdaokd wdÈh ,sÅ;j fukau
ÿrl:k Tiafia o cd(fn(u( fj;g okajd we;'tu
whf.a W;aidyfhka o ud w.h lrk w;r tajd
ish,a,kau ksy;udkSj "i;Hjd§j neyer lrkafka
o is;g tl`.juh' tlu úÿy,lska whÿïm;a
úiailg wdikak m%udKhla we;akï "ieugu
YsIH;aj wkqu; l< yelso@ ksjerÈ ;SrKh ta wh
fj;u mjrñ'
wE; tmsg ÿIalr .ïudk lrd msh ke.=fï
§ fuu jif¾ § uu o fndfyda wmyiq;djkag
iuyr ia:dkhka ys§ uqyqK ÿkafkah' j;auka ld,h
;=<ska ìh ielh wdÈh nyq;r ck;djf.a is;a
fj,df.k we;'tksidu wdrCIl wxYhkag o ±ä
úuis,af,ka ish rdcldÍka bgq lsÍug isÿj
we;'th o fmdÿ ck;djf.a hym; Wfoiduh'
wdorKsh fouõmshks "ÿfõ" mqf;a iuyr
,smskhka ys ÿ¾j,;dÈh fukau ÿrl:k wxlhka
o< ud¾. igyka lsisjla ke;'tjeks ldrKd ksid
udf.a fjfyi uykaish ;j ;j ;j;a j¾Okh ùu
o ienE jYfhka u lK.dgqjg lreKls' 5 jir
isg 13 jir i`oyd mdie,a <uqka o " ffjoH yd
fjk;a mSG iriú ¥ mq;=kaf.a b,a¨ïm;a /ilao
úh'mdie,a orejkag m%;smdok m%udKj;a 45 fokd
f;dard .ekSu uy;a wiSre lreKla úh' iuyr
,smskhka fidhd hEu ,nk jir f;la l,a ;eîug
o fyA;= isÿ úh' ñf,aP fldá ;%ia;jd§kaf.a m%ydr
ksid ;Ku,aú, yd nq;a;, wdY%s; m%foaYhka ys
úm;g m;a mjq,a j, ¥ orejkag úfYaI lghq;a;la
fia i,ld YsIH;aj msßkeóug wm kdhl iñÿka
wkqlñmd iy.;j ;SrKh l< fial'ta i`oyd ud
±kqj;a lrk ,o kshñ; YsIH;ajhkaf.ka yß
wvlg jeä ixLHdjla tu m%foaYhka ys orejka
fj; m%odkh lsÍug isÿ úh' iqmqreÿ mßÈ ,eî ;snQ
ujqìu yerod tf;r fjdfik Y%s ,dxlslhka
odkm;s ms ß ilf.ka o m% x Y" ,d´ia "
ldïfndac"úhÜkdï " wd§ úfoaY cd;sl odkm;s
msßilf.a;a lgql fjfyi uykaisfhka Wmhd
.kakd ,o uqo,ska filaid mokfï ld¾hNdrh
l%shdjg kexfõ'tf;r /lshdjka l< muKska
lmarela fia tu whf.ao wd¾Ólh msÍ b;sÍ
mej;Sula ke;' kdhl ysñf.a;a m%xY cd(fn!(u(fha
wd.ñl idiksl iudÔh fiajdjka .ek meye§
tf;r fjfik fn!oaO wfn!oaO fukau wkH cd;sl
odkm;s msßilf.a uQ,Huh yd øjHuh wd§ wdOdr
ksid filaid mokfï meje;au úfYAIfhkau isiq
orejkaf.a hym; i`oydu jkafkah'
YsIH;aj whÿïm;a fhduql< ÿfõ mqf;a
YsIH;aj ,enqk;a ke;;a Tn wffO¾h fkdjkak'
Èßu;a jkak 'wOHdmkh id¾:lj bÈßhg f.k
hkak'
b,a¨ïm;a j,ska ish fofkl=g ^100& uqo,a iy
øjHuh iys; ;dHd. md¾i,a ishhla ,nd fokafka;a
tf;r fuf;r msxj;a økm;s uy;au uy;aóka iy
fjk;a wdh;k j, wkq . % d y;a j fhka nj
fifkyiska isysm;a lrkafkuq' ta ksid filaid
mokuo whÿïm;a fhduq l, Tn,d wu;l lr
ke;'
wo Èk uKqjkaf.dv Y%S,xld cd#fn!#
uOHia:dk uq,ia:dkfhÈ meje;afjk o¾YkSh
W;al¾Yj;a W;aij Èjfha§' YsIHhhkaf.aka msÿï
,nk ohdnr isiq ¥ orejks" id¾:lj wOHdmkh
wjika ùfïÈ Tn,d rg ±h iuhg w.kd jev
odhl hym;a §ma;su;a mqrjeishka msßila fõjdæ
Tn ieuf.a fm!oa.,sl Ôjk rgdjo is;k m;k
whqßka Y=Njd§j w;sYhskau id¾:l fõjdæ filaid
moku ieug wdYs¾jdo lrkafkuq' ieug i;=áka
m%S;sfhaka imsrek jdidkdjka; iEu Èkhlau
Wodfõjdæ
17
o ;=;s mqouq' filaid
moku ˜ ìyslr tys
ld¾hhka iqNjd§j
m% d fhda . s l j bgq
lrk w;s mQ c H
mrjdyer pka o r;k kdhl ys ñ hka f.a
mrys;ldó mrudo¾YkSh jQ fiajdjka wms uy;afia
w`.h lrkafkuq'.re lghq;= kdhl ysñhkag ish¨
ld¾hhka i`oyd th uekúka bgq lsÍug Wjeis
Yla;h ffO¾h lemùu ksnoju ,efíjd æ uq`:
cd;sfhau f.!rj ;=;s m%Kdu mqo ,nk mQcH
mrjdyer pkaor;k kdhl ysñhkag ksÿla ksfrda.S
Ñr Ôjkh wms ieu m%d¾:kd lrkafkuq'W;aij
wjia:dj .ehqfuka /.=fuka úÑ;%j;a lrk c(
fn!( u( Oïudjdi oyñ mdief,a isiq le< iy
wdpd¾h uKav,ho ieug Èßhls'
filaid moku ˜ fjkqfjka uu uy u`.
f.jQ ld, iSudjka ;=< § iyfhda.h ,nd ÿka mejÈ
.sys md¾Yjfha ish`: fokdu lD;fõ§j isysm;a
lrkafkñ'udf.a ish`: jev lghq;= mfil ;nd
Tn ieu fjkqfjka fjfyiqfkuq'ud fj; mejrE
ld¾h ukdj bgq lf,ñ'udf.a fuu fjfyi
uykaish bÈßhg;a filaid moku fj; mqo lsÍug
o leue;af;ñ'wo Èk ikaOHd iufha wm ieu úisr
hkafka y`omsß i;=áks'ta ,nk jif¾§ ;j;a
kdÿkk ¥ mq;=ka fouõmshka msßila iy fuu
±l=ïl`: fn!oaO mßY%hg ;j;a foia úfoia mejÈ
.sys md¾Yjhka ys m%N+ msßila o tal rdYs lr
.ekSfï n,dfmdfrd;a;=fjks'ish`M lghq;= id¾:l
fõjdæ ieug W;=ï jQ f;rejka irKhs æ
fla uoaÿur;ak uhd
YsIH;aj lghq;= iïnkaêlrK ks<OdÍ
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
ixúOdk 17 la tl;= ù m%xYfha mj;ajk wjqreÿ Wf<,
m%xYfha nla uy Wf,, 1984 jif¾ mgka fï olajd úúO
ixúOdk uÕska ixúOdkh l,;a m%xYfha ;sfnk isxy,
ixúOdk 17 la tl;= ù m%:u j;djg wjqreÿ W;aijhla
ixúOdkh lsrSu ieu fokdf.au i;=gg lreKla ù we;'
iuÕsh n,h fõ hk f;audj mila lrñka cQks ui 07 osk
mj;ajk fuu wjqreÿ W;aijhg m%xYfha Y%S ,xld ;dkdm;s
ld¾hd,ho ish mQ¾K wkq.%yh m, lrñka lghq;= lrhs' fuu
wjia:dj iajdëk rEmjdyskS fiajh Tiafiao úiqrejd yerSug
lghq;= fhdod we;'
m%xYfha Y%S ,dxlsl oskh
(Srilankan day in Paris)
m%xYfha Y%S ,dxlsl oskh 2008 cQks ui 28 - 29 hk osk fol
;=,oS meje;aùug lghq;= fhdod we;¡ m%xYfha cd;Hka;r
fn!oaO uOHia:dkhg wkqnoaO Y%S ,xld wOHdmksl
ixialD;sl yd idudÔh ixúOdkh fyj;a filaid moku
uÕska iEu jirlu mj;ajk fuu Y%S ,dxlsl oskh ;=,ska
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka m%xY cd;slhkag Y%S ,xldj ms<sn|
meysos,s Ñ;%hla fmkakqï lr tuÕska Y%S ,xldjg f.!rjhla
,ndoSuhs' fuu osk fol ;=,oS Y%S ,dxlsl ksIamdok muKla
fkdj ,xldfõ Y%S úN+;sh úoyd olajk Ñ;%mg iy ,xlsl
isiqkaf.a oialï fmkakqï lrK Ñ;% m%o¾Ykhlao
meje;aùug lghq;= fhdod we;' m%xYfha jdih lrK Y%S
,dxlslhkaf.a l,d l=Y,;d rÕ oelaùugo fuu osk fol ;=,
wjia:dj i,idoS we;s w;r Wvrg my; rg kegqï we;=,;a
ikao¾Ykhkao fï oskhkaysoS meje;afõ' Y%S ,dxlsl
wdydrmdk we;= , ;a úfYA I wdmkYd,djla o fuos k
meje;afjk w;r tuhska ,efnk
ish¿u wdOdr
fkgd,amsáhfha f.dv kxjk mdi,a ixlS¾Kh iy jD;a;Sh
mqyqKq uOHia:dkh fjkqfjka jehflf¾' mersia k.rfha
nqjdo jekaikays msysá fn!oaO úydria:dkh uQ,sl lrf.k
tu ia:dkfhaoS meje;afjk fuu wjia:djkag iyNd.Sjk
f,i Tn ieug werhqï lruq
06 jk msgqfjka
fofk;
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
mqcH osúhd.y hiiaiS kdysñfhda m%xYhg jä;s’
b;d,sfha wdrdOkfhka fmdfidka W;aijh i|yd ñ,dfkda ,xldrdu fn!oaO úydrhg jevu
lrjk .,a;siai jgrmam, mdf¾ fn!oaOdh;kdêm;s fld<U wdkkao uyd úoHd,fha ysgmq
ksfhdacH úÿy,am;s Y%S ,xld fn!oaO uyd iïfï,kfha f,alï mQcHmdo osúhd.y hiiaiS
kdysñmdKkA jykAfiA fuu cQks ui 26 jk osk
m%xYfha cd;Hka;r fn!oaO uOHia:dkhg
jevu lsrSug kshñ;h' cQks ui 28 jk fikiqrdod rd;%S 7 g Wkajykafiaf.a O¾u foaYkhla
fmdfidka W;aijh ksñ;af;ka m%xYfha cd;Hka;r fn!oaO uOHia:dkfhaoS isÿflf¾¡ fuu mqKH
l%shdjg meñK iyNd.Sjk f,i Tn ieug ldreKslj wdrdOkh lruq’
filaid moku u.ska isÿ lrk
jd¾Isl YsIH;aj m%odfkda;ijh cQ,s 13 od
m%xYfha cd;Hka;r fn!oaO uOHia:dkhg wkqnoaO Y%S ,xld
wOHdmksl ixialD;sl yd idudÔh ixúOdkh fyj;a
filaid moku uÕSka isÿ lrK
jd¾Isl YsIH;aj
m%odfkda;ijh iy mrs.kl ;dlaIKsl wdh;kfha isiq
isiqúhkag ämaf,daud iy;sl m%odkh 2008 cQ,s 13 osk
ñkq j ka f .dv cd;Hka ; r fn!oa O uOHia : dkfha o S
meje;aùug lghq;= fhdod we;'¡ fujr fuu W;aij
iNdfjys uq,iqk úÑ;% O¾u l:sl mQcH fodvïmy, rdyq,
udysñmdKka jykafia úiska Tijkq ,nk w;r úfYAI
wuq;af;l= f,i ixialD;sl lghq;= mss<sn| .re wud;H
uyskao hdmd wfíj¾Ok ue;s;=ukao iyNd.Sfõ' Y%S ,dxlsl
l,dlrejka m%uqL wdrdê; wuq;a;ka /ila iyNd.S jk
fuu W;aijh 13 jk breosk iji 2¡30 g wdrïN fõ¡ fujr
YsIH;aj 65 la m%odkh lrK w;r nq;a;, iy ;Ku,aú,
;%ia; m%ydrhkaf.ka udmshka wysñjQ isiqka 25 fofklao
fuu isiqka w;rg we;=,;a
fú' fuu YsIJ;aj j,g
wu;rj YsIH;aj i|yd iqÿiqlï fkd,enQ wd¾:sl
wmyiqlï we;s isiqka 100 fofkl=go remsh,a 2000 la iuÕ
jákd ;Hd. md¾i,hlao msrskefuk w;r YsIH;aj ,dNS
isiqkago ;Hd. md¾i,a msrskefï' fujro ;Hd. md¾i,a
40 l nr mek m%xYfha jdih lrK ldka;s ,shkf.a
uy;añh úiska Wiq,k w;r ;j;a ;Hd. md¾i,a 10 ne.ska
mrs;Hd. lsrSug u,a,sld .=kj¾Ok osidkdhl hqj, iy
ksyd,a iqcd;d fyajdj,|kf.a hqj, bosrsm;aù we;' ;j;a
mskaj;=ka fndfyda fofklao fuu ;Hd. md¾i,a Ndrf.k
we;s w;r fuu W;aijh i|yd meñfKk ish¿u fokdg
oyj,a wdydrh iy iji W;aijhg meñfKk ieug
ix.%yh i|yd ish¿u nrmek orkafka ish mq;Kqjka
isysm;a lrñka fujka mskalï ks;ru isÿlrK m%xYfha
jdih lrK fidaud ux.,S rdukdhl uy;añh úisks'
tod iy wo
fiajdjla isÿl< Siegmund Feniger yd ,xldfõ§ oiis,a
ud;djla njg m;aj" uE; Nd.fha c¾uksh ;=< uy;a fn!oaO
m%fndaOhla we;s lsÍug iu;a jQ Ilse Kussel (Ayya Khema)
jekakjqka m%Odk ;ekla .kS' tfia m<dhEug fkdyels jQ "Dr.
Adolf Steven", "Walter Tausk" jeks fn!oaO W.;=kag urKSh
oKavkhg fyda Ôú;dka;h olajd isr.; ùug isÿúh' j¾;udk
miq ìu' ishjia follg wdikak ld,hlg ysñlï lshk
c¾uksfha fn!oaO Wreuh fï jk úg ia:djrhl mj;S'
wdrïNfha§ md<s ^f:rjdo& iïm%odh m%uqLia:dkhla f.k
lghq;= l<o oYl 5 l muK ld,hla ;=< f:rjdoh wNsnjd
uydhdk iïm%odh b;d iS>%fhka ckm%sh jkakg úh' fï i|yd
Rcq f,iu n,mEfõ w;s.re o<hs<dud ;=ukaf.a fm!oa.,sl
fm!reIhhs' ohd mrjxY" l=Yd.% nqoaêuf;l= f,i hqfrdamShhka
w;r nyqudkhg md;%j isák t;=uka hqfrdamShhkag fojk nqÿ
flfkl=ka yd iudkh' "<dud" iïm%odh fyj;a jðrhdk
o¾Ykh 1980 oYlfha c¾uksh ;=< ckm%sh;ajfha ysKs
fm;a;gu ke. ;snqKs' w;s mQcH o<hs <dud udysñ;=uka ms<sn|j
fkdokakd c¾udkqfjla fkdue;s ;rïh' ienE f,iu kQ;k
hqfrdamSh fn!oaO mqk¾Ôjkfha ks¾ud;Djrhd Wkajykafiah'
"<dud" iïm%odhg wk;=rej c¾uksfha ckm%sh;ajfhka fofjks
;ek f.k isákafka "fika" fn!oaO iïm%odhhs' úfYaIfhkau
tys b.ekafjk Ndjkdkqfhda.S YdÍßl jHdhdu (Tai Chi, Qi
Gong) ms<sn| hqfrdamShhka oeä reÑhla olaj;s' uydhdk
o¾Ykfhkaks¾foaYs; "fndaê Ñ;a;" ixl,amhg c¾udkqfjda
wdl¾IKhj isákq fmfka' ;j;a wf;lska uydhdkfha tk
úis;=re mqo mQcd rgd Tjqkf.a ixialD;shg ióm njla olaj;s'
f:rjdoh ms<sn| Tjqka w;r uy;a f.!rjhla mj;S' tfiau
ienE nqoaO jpkh wdrlaId ù we;af;a f:rjdoh ;=< nj
Tjqkaf.a úYajdihhs' tfia jqjo f:rjdo iïm%odfhys mj;akd
iuyrla r¿ m%;sm;a;s hqfrdamd rgj, ms<smeÈh fkdyels njg
lreKq ldrkd bÈßm;a lr;s'
kuHYS,S njg f:rjdoh ;=< bvla ke;ehs woyk
Tjqka l%ufhka f:rjdofhka neyer fjkakg W;aiyd orkq
fmfka' fï jk úg c¾uka NdIdj Ndú;d lrk rgj NslaIq"
NslaIqKSkaf.a ixúOdkhla c¾uksh ;=< f.dv k.d we;' tys
l%shdldÍ idudðlfhl= jk fuu ,shqïlre" f:rjd§ iïm%odfha
uQ,sl yr moaO;Skag ydkshla fkdjk mßÈ ngysr Ñka;khg"
ixialD;shg yd mßirhg iu.dój f:rjdoh l%shd;aul lsÍfï
W;aidyhl ksr;j isà' tfiau c¾uka fn!oaO lKavdhï
lSmhla hqfrdamSh ixialD;shg wdfõKslj nqoaO foaYkdjla yev
.id .ekSfï jHdmD;shlao wdrïN fldg we;' 1970 oYlfhka
miqj wdishdkq fn!oaOhskao l%udkql+,j c¾uksh ;=< m%N,
fjñka isá;s' ;dhs,ka;h" úhÜkduh" áfígh yd ;dhsjdkh
fï w;ska bÈßfhkau isák w;r
N° 348
N° 1337
N° 038
N° 120
N° 036
N° 1315
N° 1252
Mme Janaki Jinasena
Mr. Roshan Warnakula
Mr. Patirana
Sachitha
Mr Malinga
Mme. Anju
Gustafsson
ixfõ.fhka ±kqï§uhs
m%xYfha m%Odk ix>kdhl mQcH
mrjdyer pkaor;k kdysñhkaf.a jd¾Isl
YsIH;aj i;ald¾hfhys .sKQï lghq;= isÿlrkq
,nk fld,a¨msáh u¾lkaghs,a nexl= YdLdfõ
fiajfha kshq;= l%sIdka;s w,afïod uy;añhf.a
wdorKSh iajdñmqreIhd jQ m%shxlr w,afïod
uy;df.a yÈis úfhdafjka wm n,j;a fia
ixfõ.hg m;a jq w;r t;=ukag wud uy ksjka
iqj w;afõjdhs m;uq
mQcHmdo mrjdyer pkaor;k kdysñ
we;=¿
filaid mokfï ld¾h uKqv,h
c¾uka iuQydKavqfõ msysá fn!oaO uOHia:dk
!f:rjdo fn!oaO uOHia:dk
!fika fn!oaO uOHia:dk
!cmka fn!oaO uOHia:dk
!úhÜkdï fn!oaO uOHia:dk
!cmka áfnÜ ^;sín;& fn!oaO uOHia:dk
! tla iïm%odhlg muKla wh;a fkdjk fn!oaO uOHia:dk
ie' hq’
Ish .Kklg tljr kej;S isáh yels m%Odk fmf,a iqúi,a
fjfyr úydr Tjqka úiska f.dv k.d ;sfnkq oelsh yelsh' ^fï
iuÕ bÈßm;a fldg we;s igykska 1991 jk úg c¾uka rcfha
,shdmÈxÑ" l%shdldÍ fn!oaO uOHia:dk ms<sn| wjfndaOhla
,nd.; yelsjkq we;'& fï jk ;=re;a c¾uka rch" nqoaO O¾uh
ms<s.;a wd.ula f,i ks¾jpkh fldg ke;' tfia jqjo n¾,ska
m%dka;h 2003 jif¾ isg nqoaO O¾uh mdie,a úIhhla f,i
wkqu; lsÍu c¾uka fndÿkqjkaf.a y~g lka§uls' tfiau tlS
m%dka;h fn!oaOhskaf.a wjika lghq;= fn!oaOd.udkql+,j isÿ
lsÍu i|yd fn!oaOhska fjkqfjka iqidk N+ñhlao fjka fldg
;sfí' c¾uka fn!oaO b;sydifha m<uqjrg m%jDcHdj ,enQ
;eke;a;d f,i jd¾;d.; jkafka w;s.re [dKfmdaKsl
udysñhka f,iska Ñrm%isoaO isá "Siegmund Feniger" kï
hqfoõ cd;slhdh' ol=Kq,l fmd,a.ia¥j wdrKHh c¾uka
m%jDð;hskaf.a fCIauN+ñh úh' .re [dK;sf,dl" .re
[dKúu, jeks c¾uka cd;sl ysñjreka yd .re wd¾hh fÄud
oiis,a ud;djo we;=¿ fndfyda msßila by; wdrKH weiqre
fldg m%;sm;a;s yd m%;sfõOh m%.=K l<y' tod fuod;=r
fndfyda c¾uka cd;sl msßila meúÈ nj ,nd isák w;r
Wkajykafia,d úiska
IïnqoaO foaYkdj hqfrdamh ;=< ia:dms; lsÍu i|yd
uy;a mßY%uhla or;s' Èkm;du mdfya c¾uka idys;Hhg ;=uka"
16
90 oYlfha uq,a Nd.fha fuu o;a; ,ndf.k we;s neúka fï
jk úg ;j;a fn!oaO uOHia:dk
/ila ìysù we;’
ksjila úlsKSug
ud;r k.rfha rdyq, iqcd;d
úÿy,aj,g kqÿrej ldur 04
lska iukaú; kj fouy,a ksjila
úlsKsug we;
úuiSï 0033145786729
0773704804
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
pvwQn Xk~wQy e~ smM vQn`X @n`vn bv a#l~btQ ayQn~s~tyQn~
pv` pQLQ@gn wQ@ynv`.
Gagnant de tombola 13 avril 2008
1 Prix
2 Prix
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4 Prix
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fofk;
;ukaf.a urKh;a ;ukag ±ln,d .kak mq¿jka
2008 wfm%a,a 13 osk osKqï wosk ,o f,d;/hsfha ch.%dylfhda
fn!oaO fmd;m; tl;=fjñka mj;shs' ta w;r w;s.re o<hs<dud
;=uka" .re "NslaLq fndaê" .re ud;r [dKdrdu" .re "n,xf.dv
wdkkao ffu;%sh"" .re "wpd;a pd"" .re "NslaLq nqoaOodi"" .re
";sÉ k;dka"jeks udysysjrekaf.a fmd; m; úfYaIh' udislj"
ff;%udislj yd jd¾Islj fn!oaO iÕrd m< lrkq ,efí' fuu
uqøs; udOHhg wu;rj úoHq;a udOH fhdod .ksñka fjí wvú"
Ñ;%mg" ùäfhda mg wd§ úúO udOHhka Tiafiao nqÿoyu
c¾udkqjkag ióm fjñka isà' iïnq ÿ iiq k nenf,a jd'
ffjoH fmda,a vd,afla ue;s;=uka mQcH iQßhf.dv iqux.,
ysñhka iuÕ ^1921 §& wk.dßl O¾umd,;=uka 1925 jif¾§
n¾,ska úydrhg meñKs wjia:dj
^1921 §& wk.dßl O¾umd,;=uka 1925 jif¾§ n¾,ska úydrhg meñKs wjia:dj
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
@k`~tQ@tQ XWY kl&`NQ s`m gWY {r~m mh` sAG sx`@v| mh`n`yk
r`jkWy pN~dQw X`s~wYpwQ @bl~ln XWY z`NvQml hQmQyn~ @mrt
vQrl gN@y~ pVQr#vnkQ. p`lQ, sQAhl, sAs~k^w, iAgWYsQ, hQn~qQ
v#nQ x`;` gNn`vk~ @mn~m @pL atRv` shQw g#BRr# wQYpQtk
{r~m sh smy`n~wr qr~Xn pQLQb[ vQX`rqw~vyk~ lb` a#wQ
un~vhn~@s~ vQsQn~ sm|p`qny krn lq X`s~wWYy gYn~}@l`v pRr`
vQq~vwOn~@g~ sm|x`vn`vt p`wY vW a#w. klk~ vQ@q~X {r~mqRw
@s~v`vn~ hQ nQrw vR z`NvQml hQmQ@y`~ @m| vnvQt vQ@q&`~qy
pQrQ@v@N~ up pY{`n`c`r~yvry` @lsq ktyRwO krwQ. a{Q
m`nsQk vQq&`v h` "a#st @n`@p@nn @l`~ky" pQLQb[v g#BRrQn~
hq`r` a#wQ @bl~ln XWY z`NvQml hQmQyn~ smM "@k`@L`m|pR@r~
apQ" kL vQ@X~; sAv`qyk sthnkQ @m|.
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ayQwQ nm| apQ h#@m`~tm sQq~{ @vn~@n~ ekm @qyk~. kQsQm
a`gmQk X`s~w^vrykOt @m| @l`~ky ayQwQ n#h#. e~ h#m
X`s~w^vr@yk~m @m| @l`~k s~vx`vyt ytw~. apQ ekQ@nk`@g~
a`gmQk ann&w`v kOmk~ vRNw~ apQ h#@m`~tm {r~my ekk~.
a{r~myw~ ekk~. qQv& a`w~m x`vyn~t vd` mnR;& jWvQwy
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@q~vl~vlt e~ h#m @qyk~m ytw~ krn~n hqnv`.
mm upn~@n 1920 m`r~wO 26 v#nQq`. mm upn~n @bl~ln
pY@q~Xy wQ@yn~@n~ ps~@y`qEn~ @k`~rl@y~. mm upqQn @k`t
am|mt vys avRr#qE 42 yQ. am|m` @p`~yq`t @n`vrqv`m sQl~
sm`qn~ @vnv`. @m| nQs` pRAcQm k`@l~ {r~m X`l`@v|qWm mm
am|m@gn~ kQrQ bWl` wQ@ynv`. @m| @h~wOv hQn~q` am|mt hRM`k~ ay
@q`s~ kQylw~ wQ@ynv`.
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m@g~ @k~n~qryt anRv mhNkmt mm iw`mw~m sRqEsRyQ kQyl
pn~s@l~ h`mRqEr#@v`~ kQvRv`. @k`@h`m hrQ w`w~w` m`v mhN
krnv` kQyl` kQyn @k`tm m@g~ a#Mt eq` pRqEm vQ{Q@y~
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pRUvn~. mt e~ k`@l~ o|nm @qyk~ vrk~ @qvrk~ kQyvq~qW
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an`gwy g#n v#qgw~ wWrN gnQq~qW kQsQym| bl@v|gyk~
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wQ@ynv` kQyn ek h#m a`gmk~m pQLQar@gn wQ@ynv`.
mrN@yn~ ps~@s~ p#v#w~mk~ n#wQnm| a`gmk~ @g`dn#@gn~@n~
@k`@h`mq? wr~k @x_wQkv`qy (s^~esqb~ksQp- t anRv
jWvQwyk a`rm|x@y~ i[n~ avs`ny qk~v` k`ly a#wOLw
pmNk~ h#m @qyk~m avsn~ @vnv`. e~ kQyn~@n~ @x_wQk
vs~wSn~@g~ sAkln@yn~ r$pyk~ h#@qnv`. e~ r$py qQrnv`,
avs`n @vnv` kQyn ekyQ. nmRw~ e~ @x_wQk vs~wSn~ wOL
"an~wr`xvy" kQyl q#n~ jnpQYy @vl` wQ@yn vcny a@p~ p`lQ
wQYpQtk gYn~}vl n#h#. oy vcny a`rm|x vR@N~ kQYs~wO pRr~v 3
vn Xwvr~;@y~. ym| @k@nk~ mrN@y~ i[n~ wvw~ upwkt
ynkm| gwvn k`ly wmyQ an~wr`xvy kQyn~@n~. @mw#nqW
ek~wr` v#rqQ v#thWmk~ a#wQ@vl` wQ@ynv`. p`lQ wQYpQtk@y~
mj~k{Qm nQk`@y~ mh` sk^q`yW kQyl` sRwYyk~ wQ@ynv`. e~
sRwY@y~qW bRqEh`mRqEr#@v`~ upm`vkQn~ @m@hm @pn~v` qWl`
wQ@ynv`. hwr mA hn~qQyk us~ @gyk ud wtQtR@v| i[n~ bQm
qQh` bl`@gn in~n pRq~glykOt phLQn~ wQ@yn @gvl~vlQn~
a#wOlEvn - pQtvn mQnQs~sR v@g~m, ek @gykQn~ wvw~ @gykt
a#wOlE @vn~n bl`@gn e~ @gvl~ awr in~n mQnQs~sRyQ
@p@nnv`. e~ v@g~m bRq~{Qm@wkOt (qQv#s~ shQw pRq~glykOt)
m#@rn sw~vyn~ wv w#n~vl upqQn h#tQw~, e~ upw~ awr
k`lyw~ qkQn~n pRUvn~. @m| kr#N pqnm| kr@gn
sr~vs~}Qv`qWn~ oy avs~}`v "an~wr`xvy" kQyl s[hn~ krl`
wQ@ynv`. ew#nQn~ wmyQ oy sAkl~py p#wQrQl` gQ@y~. e~w~
bRqEh`mRqEr#vn~@g~ bRq~{Z`n@yn~ @q~Xn` kL @q~vl~ @w~r#m|
gn~n wrm| sQyRm| vtpQt`vk~ eq` wQbR@N~ n#h#. aq e~ sAkl~p
vth` gn~n phsR kYm o|nwrm| wQ@ynv`.
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avs~}`vk~ nQr$pNy @vn~@n~ r$p r`mR qhs~ gNnk~ ekwO
@vl`. e~ v@g~m r$p r`mR lk; gNnk~ @n`kdv` gl` @gn
a#vQl~lyQ cQwYpty pYqr~Xny @k@rn~@n~. an~n e~ v@g~ ym|kQsQ
Xk~wQyk~ ($b#rth- h#m wQs~@sm gmn~ krn~@n~ ek @qyk~
h#tQyt @n@vyQ. {`r`vk~ h#tQytyQ. apQ m#@rnv` kQv|vm, a@p~
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s~vr$pyk~ ar vQqQytm Xrr@yn~ kYm@yn~ pQt@vnv`. oy
gm@n~qW e~ jWvy avk`X@y~ p#wQ@rmQn~ wQ@bn~nt pRUvn~.
ym| pRq~glykO mQygQhQn~ k`lykt ps~@s~ wv w#nk ipqE@n`w~
m#rQc|c qv@s~ i[n~ a`@yw~ ipqEnR qvs qk~v` k`lyw~, e~ k`ly
awrwOr ew#n#yQ @mw#nyQ awr wQ@yn sm|bn~{yw~
vQq&`@vn~vw~ @pn~nRm| krn~n b#h#. e~w~ sQqEvWmk~ vX@yn~ apQ
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pqnm mwyQ @m| prQgNk h#m @qyk~m nQpqvl` wQ@yn~@n~. e~w~
sQqEvWm| @qkk~ awr sm|bn~{y e~ vQqQ@y~ vQq&`w~mk n&`ykQn~
@pn~nRm| krn~nt vQq&`Zyn~ smw~ @vl` n#h#.
"pRnr#w~pw~wQy" h` "pRnr~xvy" kQyl` vcn @qkk~ aq
kQy#@vnv`. e~w~ oy vcn @qkm ekk~. "pRnr#w~pw~wQy" kQyn
vcny hq`@gn wQ@yn~@n~ .s^#-sbj~rb~esqb. kQyn iAgWYsQ
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q^;~tQyt" v#@tnv` kQyn aqhs udyQ "pRnr~xvy" kQyn vcny
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pRnr#w~pw~wQy @b`r#yQ kQyl` op~pR krn~n hqn smhr#n~ krn
@c`~qn`vk~ wmyQ pRnr#w~pw~wQy sw&yk~ nm| @l`~k jnghny
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pRUvn~ kQyn ek aq vQq&`Zyn~ @p`qE@v| pQLQgn~n @qyk~. apQ
mRU vQX~vym @m| p^}QvQy vQwryQ kQyl` hQwn nQsyQ oy pYX~ny
mwO@vn~@n~.
a{Q m`nsQk vQq&`v pQLQb[v aq @l`~k@y~ vQX`l rFl~lk~
wQ@ynv`. ln~dn~vl wQ@ynv` .Wcsrsem~k kymrjy. kQyl`
ek~wr` nQk`yk~. e~k @b`@h`m jnpQYyyQ. e~ nQk`yt ayQwQ
v&`p`rQk w#n~ hRM`k~ wQ@ynv`. @m| ay sMr` pv` pL krnv`.
@m| w#n~vlt mLvRn~ @gn~vnv`. q#n~ wmn~t mQygQy w`w~wv
@gn~vn~n o|n kQvRvm ew#n in~n ek~@kn` a`@v|s @vl` wmn~
ahn pYX~nvlt uw~wr @qnv`. h#b#yQ iwQn~ iAgWYsQ@yn~ wmyQ
w`w~w` kw` krn~@n~. ew#nqW a#w~wtm sQq~{@vn~@n~ @m|kyQ. e~
a`ywnvlt sm|bn~{ @vl` ym| kQsQ xSw@yk~ in~nv`. ey` wmyQ
@m| h#m @k@nk~ @vnR@vn~m @pnW i[l` h#m @qytm uw~wr
@qn~@n~.
ln~dn@y~ hQtQy sQAhl mhw~m@yk~ @m|v` g#n wqQn~m vQX~v`s
kL`. ey` nQwrm wmn~@g~ w`w~ww~ ek~k @m| kYmyt kw`
krn~n pRr#qE @vl` hQtQy`. e~ w`w~w` @@vq&vr@yk~. mm @m|
mhw~wy`@gn~ a#hRv` eyyQ, w`w~wyQ vQwrk~ qn~n ym| sQqEvWmk~
wQ@ynv`q kQyl`. a#w~wtm e@hm sQqEvWmk~ wQbRN`. @m|
mhw~my` upqQn @v|l`@v| e~k mL upwk~ vQqQytyQ @@vq&vr#n~
slk` wQ@yn~@n~. @m| nQs` qr#v` m#rQl` kQyl` nQgmny kL
@@vq&vr#n~ yn~n gQhQn~. e~w~ @m| mhw~my`@g~ pQy`w~
@@vq&vr@yk~ nQs` nQkmt v@g~ qr#vv uNRvwO@rn~ wv wv`
in~n @k`t p#y x`gykt vQwr ps~@s~ qr#vt pN a#vQw~. @m|
sQq~{Qy qn~@n~ w`w~wyQ - pRwyQ vQwryQ. iwQn~ mm kQv|v` @m|
sQq~{Qy hQ@w~ wQy`@gn awnt gQhQn~ w`w~ww~ ek~k kw` krn~n
kQyl`. oy sQq~{Qy g#n kQsQm @qyk~ mLvRn~ @gn~vn w#nQn~ q#n
gn~n b#rQvRN`. mLvRn~ @gn~vl` kw` krn w#n~vl a#w~w
ww~w~vy o|kyQ.
sQw qQyRNR krl` @b`@h`m pYwQPl lbn~nt pRUvn~. ed|g`r~ @k~sQ
kQyn a#mrQk`@v| hQtQy @l`~k pYsQq~{@@vq&vry` is~@k`~@l~
gQhQn~ wQ@yn~@n~ h@w~ pAwQyt vQwryQ. e~w~ @l`~k@y~ pY{`n @p@L~
@@vq&vr#n~ pv` @k~sQ@gn~ wmyQ wmn~@g~ @r`~gvlt @b@hw~
ahgn~n a`@v|. wmn~ LMt en pRq~gly` hmR@v| s~vyA @m`~hny
@vl` avX& pYwQk`r lb`qW@m| qEr~lx h#kQy`v ohRt wQbRN`.
ar klQn~ kQv|v pQn~ln~w g#h#nR Lmy` @m`~hny kL @vl`@v| e~
Lmy` ek s#@r~m iAgWYsQ kvQyk~ kQyn~n ptn~ gw~w`. e~ kvQy
@m`kk~q kQyl` a#hRv`m ey` kQyl` wQ@ynv` e~k ,Wmpp#r Wqbt,
(gQm|h`n gWyk~) kQyl`. e~ Lmy` iAgWYsQ vcnyk~vw~ qn~n
@k@nk~ @n@myQ. @m| kvQy @m`kk~q kQyl` oy pr~@y~;Ny kL
pQn~ln~w vQX~vvQq&`ly @h`y` blq~qW e~k 12 v#nQ sQyvst ayQwQ
qE r ~ l x iAgW Y s Q kvQ y k~ kQ y l` vQ X ~ v vQ q &`l@y~ iAgW Y s Q
mh`c`r~yvry` kQv|v`. @h`yl` blq~qW @m| g#h#nR Lmy` 12 v#nQ
sQyv@s~qW eAgln~w@y~ pRs~wk`lyk @s~vkykO vQqQyt jWvw~
@vl` wQ@ynv`. e~ pRs~wk`lyw~, e~ kvQy wQbRNR @p`ww~ @h`y`
gn~n @m| pr~@y~;kyn~t pRUvn~ vRN`. aqw~ e~ @p`w e~
pRs~wk`l@y~ wQ@ynv`.
tf;rg oyï ri
q#n~ oy pRnr#w~pw~wQy g#n pvw~vpR pr~@y~;Nyk wQ@ynv`
pQn~ln~w@y~ g#h#nR Lm@yk~v kQYs~wO pRr~v pLmR v#nQ Xw vr~;y
qk~v`m @m`~hn@yn~ awWwyt @gn gQy avs~}`vk~ g#n. e~w~ e~
k`ly a#wOLw ey` qn~n mnR;& jWvQw wQbQl` wQ@yn~@n~ 13 yQ.
ey` mRkOw~m @n`qn~n` awrwOr k`lvkv`nR Xw vr~; gNn~
wQbRN`. oy k`lvkv`nR aw@r~ ym| @vl`vk mvRkOs htgn~n`
kLlyt a#wOlE vR@n`wQn~ an~n ew#nQn~ mnR;&ykO h#tQyt
@k`tR@vl` jWvQwy gw krnv`. @m|k gl`@gn yn @qyk~. e~
jWvQwy nQ;~kWYy vRN`m, e@hmw~ n#wQnm| mrNyt pw~ vRN`m
a`@yw~ ar gmn ynv`. pAc up`{`n s~kn~{ kQyn~@n~ e~ktyQ.
@m| gl` yn gmn~ m@g~ "@m| tQk an~wr`xvy", "@m| tQk xvy"
kQyl` kQyn~n b#h#. h#m w#nm "xvy" wmyQ. h#b#yQ apQ mnR;&
jWvQwyt vQwrk~ pYmRKw~vy @qnv` nm| ek~ mnR;& jWvQwyk
avs`n@y~ i[n~ a@nk~ mnR;& jWvQw@y~ a`rm|xy qk~v` k`ly
"an~wr`xvy" kQyl` kQyn~n pRlEvn~. e~w~ oy h#m xvykqWm
mnR;& jWvQwm a#wQ@vnv` kQyl` kQyn~n b#h#.
"gn~{b|b" kQyl` vcnykOw~ wQ@ynv`@n~. oy vcn@y~ @w~r#m
"gmn~ krn~n`" e@hmw~ n#wQnm| "a`gn~wOky`" v@g~ aqhsk~.
e~ kQyn~@n~ ym| pRq~gl ann&w`vk~ ar mvRkOst a#wOU @vl`
jWvyk~ h#tQyt vr~{ny vWmyQ. oy vQqQyt b#lEvm a#w~wtm
"an~wr`xvy" kQyl` vQ@X~;@yn~ @vn~ krn~n wrm|
k`lsWm`vk~ n#h#. bRqEh`mRqEr#vn~@g~ bRq~{Z`n@yn~ pYk`X vR
@q~vl~ e~ e~ yRgvl p#v#wQ sm|pw~vlQn~ ps~@s~ k`lyk vQs~wr
krn~nt y$@mn~ wmyQ @m| v#rFq~q @vl` wQ@yn~@n~.
bRqEh`mRqEr#@v`~ eq` "i@lk~-@tY`~n@y~" kQYy`k`rw~vy p#h#qQlQ
krn~n gQy` nm| eq` sm`jyt e~ sAkl~py @w~r#m| gn~n
b#h#@n~.
15 jk msgqjg
05
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
fofk;
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
c¾uksfha nqÿ oyu
ms<sn| t;=ukaf.a odhl;ajho iq¿mgq fkdjkakls' 1921 isg
1926 olajd "zeitschrift furBuddhismus" kï fn!oaO
iÕrdfõ m%Odk l;=jrhd f,i lghq;= l< t;=ud tuÕska
hqfrdamshm%cdj fj; nqÿoyu ms<sn| ksjerÈ wjfndaOhla
we;s lrkq ,eîh' tfiau 1925-1930ld,jljdkqj ;=<
ixhq;; kshdl jeks ;%smsglhg wh;a O¾u fldgia c¾uka
nig ke.Sh'wgjrla ,xldjg meñKs" ,dxlSh W.;=ka
fj;ska nqÿoyu yd md,s NdIdj yodrdc¾uksh m%Odk fldg
uq¿ uy;a hqfrdamh ;=<g fndÿ y~ kexjQ wiydh hq.
mqreIhd f,i c¾uka b;sydifhys úreodj,s ,nkafka
ffjoH fmda,a vd,afla (Dr. Paul Dahlke 1865-1928) Y%S
u;=kah' Y%S ,xldj yd t;=ukaf.a iïnkaOh werô wdldrh
t;=udf.a "pdßld igykla"
^c¾uksfha uhskaia iriúfha lÓldpd¾h
mQcH r;auf,a mq[a[r;k ysñ&'
tod iy wo
kej;;a ksjerÈj bÈßm;a l< foaYlhd" hkqfjks' Grimm
ms<sn|j Wmydr ,smshla m<lrk 'hdk' (Yana-1973) iÕrdj
t;=uka ms<sn|j lreKq olajñka "' ' ' ' wkd;aujdoh jeks
.eUqre ud;Dldjka ms<sn| mq¿,a jQ;a" ksjerÈjQ;a ukd oekqï
we;af;l= jQ Grimm f.a foaYk Y%jkh lsÍu i|yd 500 lg
fkdwvq msßila iEu foaYkhlg mdfya iyNd.S jQ" nj igyka
fldg we;' fn!oaO .%ka:lrKhgo msúis "Gerog Grimm" Die
Lehre Des Buddha, Die Religion der Vernunft nqÿrÿkaf.a
b.ekaùu wd.ñl hqla;shla f,iska ' ' "jeks lD;s rpkd lsÍ
;=<ska uy;a lS¾;shla w;alr .;ay' c¾uksh ;=< uq,au
,shdmÈxÑ fn!oaO ixúOdkh "Gemeinde um Buddha e.
V,"kñka 1922 jifrys msysgùug uQ,slj l%shdl< Martin
Steinke 1933 jif¾§ Tan chun kñka Ök fn!oaO kula
.ksñka fn!oaO NslaIqjla njg m;a jQfjls' c¾uksfha
Brandenberg k.rfha "Viharo" kñka ksjdvq ksfla;khla
mj;ajdf.k .sh fu;=ud" ta u.ska nqÿoyu ms<sn| ,eÈhdjla
we;a;jqkag fkajdislj isg nqoaO O¾uh m%.=K lsÍug bvlv
i,id fokq ,eîh' flfia fj;;a ;;a hq.fha mej;s w¾N=OldÍ
foaYmd,k jd;djrKh ksid ;u fn!oaO
lghq;= ßisfia mj;ajd f.k hdug fu;=udg bvlv ,enqfKa
ke;' kdis yuqodj úiska isrNdrhg .kq ,enQ fu;=ud fojk
f,dal hqoaOfhka miqj kej; ksohi ,nd ;u lghq;= wLKavj
mj;ajdf.k .sfhah’
kdis hq.fha fn!oaO ;;a jh’
ishjia lSmhl w;S; Wreuhlg ysñlï lshkd c¾uka
fn!oaO b;sydifhysmqfrda.dñhd f,i úreodj,s ,nkafka
wd;¾ fIdmkayjqj¾ (Arthur Schopenhauer- 1788-1860)
m~sjrhdhs' bkaÈhdkq o¾Ykh ms<sn| .eUqßka wOHhkh l<
fu;=ud 1818 § uq,a nqÿiufha tk ";Kaydj" w<,d "Die Welt als
Wille und Vorstellung"-";DIaKdj uq,afldg.;a is;sú,sj,ska
f,dalh ksrEms;h" kñka b;d jeo.;a lD;shla rpkd lrkq
,eîh' ;;ald,SkW.;=ka w;r oeä wjOdkhg fhduq jQ fuu
lD;sh oekqï msmdidfjka fm¿Kq fndfyda
fofkl=g nqÿoyfï tk od¾Yksl b.ekaùï ms<sn| fk;a újr
lrkakla úh'od¾Yksl b.ekaùïj,g muKla iSud fkdjqKq
Schopenhauer m~s;=udm%dfhda.slj nqÿoyu m%.=K l< wfhls'
nqoaO m%;sudjla ish ksjfia ;nd .ksñka j;a ms<sfj;aysfhÿKq
m<uq c¾udkqjd f,i b;sydihg tlajkafkao Arthur
Schopenhauer m~s;=udhs' nqÿoyums<sn| Yla;su;a wä;d,ul
fmr .uka lrejdKka /ilau nqÿoyug keUqre jkakg jQy'
od¾Ykslfhl= fukau .;a l;=jrfhl=o f,i c¾uka
b;sydifhys kula Èkd isák FriedrichNietzsche (1844-1900)
yd ix.S; f,dalfha uy;a fmr<shla l< uyd ix.S;{Richard
Wagner (1813-1883) jekakjqka ta w;r m%Odkh'Schopenhauer
m~s;=ukaf.ka ,enqKq ffO¾h ksidu idïm%odhsl wd.ñl
u;su;dka;r ms<sn| úuiqï weiska n,kakg .;a jEhu
"Nietzsche" f.a ld;sj,ska meyeÈ,sjoelsh yelsh' Tyq úiska
rpkd l< "Der Gott is gestorben"-"foúhka ñh f.diah" Bg
ksoiqkah' uejqïjdoh t<smsgu m%;sfCIam lrñka úYajh yd
i;ajhd lsishï fya;=M, ix;;shgwkqj yev .eiqkla nj tlS
lD;sfhka újrKh flf¾' fujka woyia ngysr o¾Ykhg
wd.ka;=l jQ w;r ta ksidu tjka woyia ms<sn| wdkafoda,khla
we;s ùu wuq;a;la fkdfõ'"Nietzsche" f.a lD;s ;=<ska jvd;a
wjOdkhg fhduqj we;af;a lreKdj" ffu;%sh" wúysxidj
jeks .=Kdx.hkah'nqÿoyfï jHdma;sh w<,d b;d jeo.;a
fufyjrl fhÿkq ;j;a m~sjrfhls
Hermann Oldenberg (1854-1920)' nqÿisß; yd ne÷Kq jeo.;a
b.ekaùï ir, f,i mdGlhdfj; ióm lrùug fu;=ukaf.a
lD;s iqúfYaI fufyjrla bgq lr,Sh' t;=ud úiska
rÑ;"Buddhasein Leben, Sein Lehre, Seine Gemeinde""nqÿisß; yd f;rejK" hk lD;sh nqÿoyums<sn| Wkkaÿjla
olajk wdOqkslhkg jeo.;a fufyhla bgqfldg we;s w;ru
tu lD;shu.ska fkdfndÿkqfjl=g fndÿkqfjl= ùfï uxfm;a
fy<s fldg § ;sfí'
isxy, NdIdjg yd b;sydihg;a" úfYaIfhkau fy<
idys ; Hhg;a wurKS h fia j djla is ÿ l, "Wilhelm
Geiger",(1856-1943) m~s;=uka Y%S ,dxlslhskag wuq;=fjka
y\qkajdÈh hq;= ke;' uydjxYh we;=¿ jeo.;a fmd;am;a lSmhla
c¾uka nig k.ñkao" is|;a iÕrdjjeks merKs jHdlrK
.%ka:hkag kj jákdlula foñkao t;=uka isÿl< Ydia;%Sh
fiajh ksid Y%S ,dxlslhdf.a wkkH;djh ms<sn| hqfrdamh ;=<
uy;a ms<s.ekSula we;s úh' tfukau nqÿoyu
igyka fldg we;af;a fufiah'
1900 fya u ka ; fha § fld<Ug f.dvng ud b;d
jdikdjka;fhl= jQfha" nqÿoyums<sn| wjfndaOhla ,nd
.ekSug iqÿiqlï imsrE .=rejreka ,eîu ksidh' bka tla wfhl=
kïud<s.dlkao úydrfha .re yslalvqfõ isß iqux.,
udysñhkah' jfhdajDoaOj isáho Wkajykafiaf.a wjfndaOfha
;ru yd u;lfha ksjerÈ nj mqÿu t<jkakla úh' ' ' ' ' '
yslalvqfõ ysñhkaf.a iydhlhd f,i l%shdl< .re {dKsiir
ysñhka b;d fyd| .=rejrfhl= jqjo wjdikdjlg Wkajykafia
yÈisfhau wmj;a úh' wk;=rej fld,a¨msáfha Y%S j¾Okdrdufha
jevisá .re iQßhf.dv iqux., ;reK NslaIqj uf.a .=rejrhd
úh'
Tfiau mhd., úiQ jd.Siajr m~s;=uka iómfhka uf.a oekqu
;j ;j;a j¾Okh lr.; yelsúh' Oïumoh" §>ksldh"
u[aðu ksldh jeks ;%smsglfha fndfyda fldgia c¾uka
nig mßj¾;kh lsÍfukao" úúO ud;Dld jeo.;a fn!oaO .%ka:
10 lgo jvd rpkd lsÍfukao" fn!oaO mqj;am;a yd iÕrd
mj;a j df.k hñka o t;= u df.a Ydia ; % S h odhl;a j h
wkqiaurKShh' "Dahlke" pß;fhys ;j;a lemS fmfkk
isÿùula jkafka nqÿoyu m%dfhda.slj mqyqKq lsÍu i|yd ia:dk
lSmhla weröuhs' n¾,skfha fm%dakõ fmfofia wla' 06 lska hq;a
ruKSh l÷ uqÿkl msysgjQ wo n¾,ska úydrh kñka Ñrm%isoaO
(Das Buddhistische Haus) oia nqäia yjqish t;=ukaf.a jdi
Njk jq w;r th ieneúkau ish¨ úydrdrduhkaf.ka
iu,xlD; ;fmda N+ñhls' 19 jk ishjfia ,dxlSh fn!oaO
mqk¾Ôjkfha mqfrda.dñhd jQ Y%Su;a wk.dßl O¾umd,;=uka
1925 jif¾ nqäia yjqishg le|jd .ksñka hqfrdamh ;=< nqÿoyu
ia:dms; lsÍu wrNhd Èk .Kkdjl idlÉPdjla mj;ajd
.ekSug "Dahlke" ;=uka lghq;= fldg we;'
C¾uksfha W;=rg fjkakg "Sylt" kï ¥mf;yso
t;=uka úiska fn!oaO ksfla;khla wdrïN
lrkakg fhÿko th wo ld,fha je,s ;,dfjka jeiS f.diah'
c¾uka fn!oaO b;sydih ms<sn| flfrk idlÉPdjl §
wjYHfhkau i|yka l, hq;= ;j;a fn!oaO m~sjreka lSm
fofkla kï Karl Eugen Neumann (1865-1915) Georg
Grimm (1868-1945) yd Martin Steinke (1882-1966) h' K. A.
Neumann jvd;a m%isoaêhla Wiq,kafka fn!oaO .% ka:
l;Djrfhl= f,ih' t;=ud úiska rÑ; "Buddhistische
Authologie, Leiden (1892)" jeks lD;s fndfyda W.;=kaf.a
m%Yxidjg ,lajQy' m<uq jrg c¾uksh ;=< fn!oaO ixúOdkhla
(Buddhistische Gemeinde fuer Deutschland) msysgqùfï
f.!rjh ysñjkafka "Gerog Grimm"Y+Íkagh' ta 1921 jif¾h'
Tyqgu wdfõksl jQ iqúfYaI lÓl;ajhlska fyì "Gerog
Grimm" ta ksidu hqfrdamSh fn!oaOhska w;r jvd;a ckm%sh jQfha
fn!oaO foaYlfhl= f,ihs' uq,a nqÿ iufha tk .eUqre O¾u
lreKq ish m%sh;u f;audfldg foaYk meje;ajQ Grimm ms<sn|j
iuyr úpdrlhska mjid we;af;a" "nqÿ rÿkaf.a ksjerÈ o¾Ykh
06
c¾uksfha kdis hq.fha wfkl=;a wd.ñl ixúOdkhkag fukau
fn!oaOhskago uy;a wm, ld,hla úh' tl, l%shdldÍ fn!oaO
ixúOdkhla jQ "Gerog Grimm" msysg jQ Buddhistische
Gemeinde fuer Deutschland kï ix.uh kdis md,kfha oeä
.%yKhg wiqúh' 1935 jkjsg tlS ix.uh c¾uksh ;=< ;ykï
ixúOdkhla njg kï flßks' Gerog Grimm ;;a hq.fha b;d
m%isoaO foaYlfhl= jQ w;r uyckhd /iafldg foaYk
meje;aùu Tyqg ;ykï l< kÜis md,kh Tyqf.a fmd;am;a
wd§ jákd oE rdc ika;l lrk ,§' Grimm úiska rpkd fldg
uyck m%idohg m;afjñka ;snQ "Der Sansaro" ^ixidrh& kï
fn!oaO lD;sh we;=¿ ;j;a fn!oaO fmd;a m;a .Kkdjlau 1934
j¾Ifha§ kdiS md,kh úiska .sksn;a fldg we;' m<uqj
hqfrdamSh fn!oaO iïfï,k 1933 jif¾ iema;eïn¾ ui Das
Buddhistische Haus
^kQ;k n¾,ska úydrh& ys meje;aùug tl< tys jev
isá w;s.re wdkkao fl!Y,Hdk ysñhka ish¿ lghq;=
wm%isoaêfha ixúOdkh l<y' O¾u úkhOr f:rjdo NslaIQka
jykafia kula jQ Wkajykafia wNsfhda. ueo jqjo hqfrdamh
mqrd úisÍ isá fn!oaO kdhlhska nqäia yjqishg le|jd tlS
iïfï,kh mj;ajd .kq ,enQy' Dr. Paul Dahlke
m~s;=ukaf.ka miqj t;=ukaf.a fn!oaO lghq;= mj;ajdf.k
.sfha t;=ukaf.a m%Odk YsIHd yd fm!oa.,sl f,alïjrhdo
f,i lghq;= l< Kurt Fischer (1890-1942) uy;dh' nqÿoyu
ms<sn| .eUqre oekqï we;af;l= jQ t;=udf.ka hqfrdamSh fn!oaO
m%cdj fj; isÿjQ fiajdj b;d úYd,h' jir 1930 isg t;=udf.a
wjika fudfyd; olajdu "Buddhistisches Leben und
Denken" fn!oaO Ôú;h yd is;sú,s hk ff;%udisl iÕrdj
mj;ajdf.k hEug iu;a úh' tl< b;d ckm%sh fn!oaO
iÕrdjla jQ th woo fndfyda ckm%sh fn!oaO iÕrdjla f,i
W.;=ka ish m¾fhaIK i|yd Wmfhda.S fldg .ks;s' 1942 §
kdis yuqodj (Gestapo) Fischer uy;df.a ksji jg,d
t;=udf.a ish¿ ,shlshú,s yd wfkl=;a uqøs; oe w;awvx.=jg
.;ay' tf;lska fkdkej;S ish¿ fn!oaO l%shdldrlï ;ykï
fldg t;=udg jfrka;=jlao ksl=;a flßKs' fuu lghq;= j,ska
oeä ixfõ.hg m;a Fischer uy;d frda.d;=rj b;d flá
Èklska wNdjhg m;aúh'
Tao Chuen kñka meúÈj isá Martin Steinke kï fn!oaO
m%N+jrhd kdis yuqodfõ w;a wvx.=jg m;a úh' t;=ud msysgjQ
"Buddhistische Gemeinde" e. v. kï ix.uh
1941 § ;ykug ,laúh' tfia jqjo n¾,ska k.rfha Friedrich
Sommer (1896-1972) uy;d mj;ajdf.k .sh "Gemeinde am
Buddha e.v." ix.uh yEïn¾.a k.rfha Walter Persaim
uy;df.a "Buddhistische Gemeinde Hamburg" yd ushqksÉ
k.rfha msysgqjd ;snQ Buddhistische Gemeinde Muenchen"
hk fn!oaO ix.ï b;d Wml%uYS,Sj mj;ajdf.k hEug iu;a
úh'
hqfoõ W.;=ka /ilf.au odhl;ajh nqÿ oyu fj;
,eî ;snqKs' nqÿoyfï jHdma;shg Tjqkf.ka ,enqKq odhl;ajh
iq¿ mgq fkdjkakls' hqfoõ úfrdaë kdis yuqodj hqfoõ
ixydrhg t<ôfhka tlS W.;=ka fndfyda fofkla kdis
yuqodfõ Wl=iq weig wiq fkdù ráka m<d .shy' tlS fn!oaO
W.;=ka w;r Dr. Walter Liebenthal (1886-1982)" miq l, .re
[dKfmdKsl kñka meúÈj" ,xldfõ jev ys¢ñka iïnqoaO
Ydikhg wkqiaurKSh
16 jeks msgqjg
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
tf;rg oyï ri
Oy vQ{Qyt @h~wO s`{k shQwv op~pR vRNR pr~@y~;N o|n wrm|
@l`~k@y~ wQ@ynv`. @m`~hny krl` awWwyt gmn~ krvWm
a{QkrNy vQsQn~ pQLQgnR lbn~@n~ IXY`yl@y~ vQwryQ. @m`~hn@y~
pYwQPl anRv IXY`yl@y~ ndRvk wWn~qEvk~ qW wQ@ynv`. bs~
e@kn~ b#h#l` yn @knkOt wvw~ @k@nk~ pQhQ@yn~ a#nl`
mrl` q`l` wQ@ynv`. e~w~ @k`n~@q`s~wrvry`@g~ s`k~kQ@y~ e~
mQnWmr#v` a#[l` hQtQy kmQs@y~ p`t a@nk~ s`k~kQvlQn~ kQy#vRNR
p`tt vd` @vns~. an~wQ@m|qW @k`n~@q`s~wrv @m`~hny kL`.
ew#nqW @k`n~@q`s~wrvry`t amwk @vl` wQbRNR mQnWmr#v`@g~
kmQs@y~ a#w~w p`t @hLQqrv| vRN`. @m| nQs` @m`~hn@y~ pYwQPl
pqnm| kr@gn mQnWmr#v`t qVRvm| kL`. e@hm @n`vRN`nm|
mQnWmr#v` nQqhs~ krn~ntyQ sQq~{@vn~@n~.
a{Q m`nsQk Xk~wQy apQ h#@m`~tm ym| ym| mtQtm|vlQn~ wQ@ynv`.
x`vn` mgQn~ e~ Xk~wQy qQyRNR krgn~n pRUvn~. @pr xvyn~vl
i[n~ e~ h#kQy`v rF@gn en ay@g~ a{Q m`nsQk Xk~wQy
@b`@h`m ihLyQ. apQtw~ ym| ym| mtQtm|vlQn~ vQvQ{ @q~vl~ q#kW@m|
h#kQy`v wQbRNw~ e~ qkQn @q~vl~ ekt ek~rFs~ kr@gn
glp`gn~n apt wQ@bn mwky @b`@h`m adRyQ. smhr @vl`vt
apQt ym| ym| sAkWr~N @q~vl~, kvq`vw~ @n`qEtR @q~vl~ ek
s#@r~m mnst @p~n~n gw~ww~ apQt i@b|m e~v` amwk @vl`
ynv`. k`lQq`s@g~ "skOn~wl`" n`t&@y~ pv` @m| bv s[hn~
@vl` wQ@yn e@kn~ @p@nn~@n~ @m| ww~w~vy awWw@y~ i[n~m
mQnQsRn~@g~ kw`bht lk~@vl` wQ@yn bvyQ.
ym| ym| pRq~glyn~, in~qQy`@v| nm| b`b`vr#n~ v@g~ ay a#w#m|
avs~}`vl oy vQ{Qyt aq~xSw sQqEvWmk~ @qkk~ @pn~nRv`m ey`
v@tQ in~n anRg`mQkyn~ e~ pRq~gly`t prQpRr~Nw~vyk~
a`@r`~pNy krnv`. @m| nQs` wmn~ v@tQ in~n anRg`mQkyn~@g~
avX&w`vlt anRv e~ pRq~glyn~t wmn~ @n`qn~n`, @n`kL
h#kQ @q~vl~ pv` kQyn~n krn~n sQq~{ @vnv`. ew#nQn~ e~
pRq~gly` prQh`nQyt lk~ @vnv`. @m| @l`~ky a`gm|vlt @bqn~n
b#h#. apQ h#@m`~m @m| @l`~kyt ayQwQ nm| apQ h#@m`~tm sQq~{
@vn~@n~ ekm @qyk~. kQsQm a`gmQk X`s~w^vrykOt @m| @l`~ky
ayQwQ n#h#. e~ h#m X`s~w^vr@yk~m @m| @l`~k s~vx`vyt ytw~.
apQ ekQ@nk`@g~ a`gmQk ann&w`v kOmk~ vRNw~ apQ h#@m`~tm
{r~my ekk~. a{r~myw~ ekk~. qQv& a`w~m x`vyn~t vd` mnR;&
jWvQwy @XY~;~TyQ. vQvQ{a`gm|vl bl{`rn~ s~vx`v {r~my` b@ln~
fofk;
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
qvsk~ a`wr~ sW. k~l`k~ mhw~my` kwrgm i[n~ r$pv`hQnQ
v#dsthnk~ kL`. ew#nqW @k`kO gh@gn y`Z` krmQn~ vQvQ{
vw`vw~vl @y@qn ay qQh` bl`@gn i[l` k~l`k~ mhw~my`,
blA@g`d a`nn~q @@mwYy h`mRqEr#vn~@gn~ a#hRv` "@b_q~{yn~
vX@yn~ @m| uqvQy qQh` bln~@n~ @k`@h`mq?" kQyl`. Ew#nqQ
n`yk h`mRqEr#@v`~ kQv|v` "wQ@yn @k@nk~ LMt gQhQl~l` ymk~
il~lgn~n uw~s`h krn ek s`m`n& @qyk~. ew#n a`gmt
sm|bn~{kQsQm @qyk~ n#h#" kQyl`. e~k iw`m @h`[ uw~wryk~.
mwOkrgn~n h#kQy`v l#@bn~@n~. oy h#m m`nsQk Xk~wQykm
mRl ew#nyQ. sQw ek armRNk wb` gn~n @b`@h`m @q@nk~
x`vQw` krn x`vn` kYmy wmyQ a`n`p`nswQ x`vn`v. e~w~ mm
hQwn~@n~ e~k e~wrm| @l@hsQ @qyk~ @n@myQ kQylyQ. mm iw`m
phsR kYmyk~ kQyl` @qn~nm|. adQyk~ vQwr qQg k`d|@b`~d|
@ptQtQyk~ ar@gn ek w#nkQn~ aMlk vQwr vQ;~km|xy wQ@yn
sQqErk~ hq`gn~n. It ps~@s~ e~ @ptQtQy a#wOLt bl~b| ekk~ q`l`
e~k sRqE bQw~wQykt @y`mR krl` aMl~ 14 k~ vQwr vQ;~km|xy
wQ@yn a`@l`~k rvRmk~ en vQqQyt e~k sks~ krgn~n. q#n~
@b`@h`m sRv phsR vQ{Qyt e~k is~srh i[@gn e~ a`@l`~k rvRm
qQh` @h`[t bln~n. It ps~@s~ a#s~ vhl` e~ a`@l`~ky @m@nhQ
krn~n. q#n~ a`@yw~ a#s~ a#rl` e~k qQh` bln~n. on~n o@h`m
kQhQp s#ryk~m krq~qW a#s~ v#hRvt ps~@sw~ a#s~ ar@gn
in~q#q~qQ v@g~m e~ a`@l`~ky @p@nn~nt ptn~ gn~nv`. @m@hm
tQk k`lyk~ pRr#qE pRhRNR @vn@k`t wmn~@g~ mwk Xk~wQy pYbl
@vnv`. sQw sn~sRn~ krgn~n upk`r @vnv`. e~w~ @m|k qQgQn~
qQgtm @n`kdv` kL yRwO n#h#.
1982 avRr#q~@q~ ln~dn@y~ mm in~n k`@l~ ek qvsk~ r`wQYyk
mt b@d| am`r#vk~ h#qEn`. iwQn~ mm ks`yk~ uNR @vn~n wQyl`
e~k rw~ @vnkl~ gQnQ uqEn is~srh v`dQ@vl` kl~pn`vt v#tQl`
hQtQy`. @m| sQq~{Q@yn~ m`s kQhQpykt ps~@s~ m@g~ XQ;& h`mRqEr#
nmk~ lAk`@v| i[n~ mt lQyRmk~ evl` kQv|v` mm ks`yk~
uNR@vnkl~ gQnQ uqEn is~srh v`dQ@vl` in~n h#tQ sQhQn@yn~
q#k~k` kQyl`. e~ h`mRqEr#vn~ kvq`vw~ eAgn~wyt a`pR @k@nk~
@n@myQ. e~w~ eq` rH mm hQtQy e~ k`mr@y~ wQbRNR h#m @qyk~
g#nm e~ vQ{Qytm lQyl` evl` wQbRN`. h`mRqEr#@v`~ m`v sQhQ@nn~
q#kl` wQbR@Nw~ hrQyt mm eq` e~ vQ{Qyt hQtpR qv@s~myQ. a#st
@n`@p@nn cQw~w bl @l`~kyk~ kQYy`w~mk vn h#tQ @m| sQq~{Q@yn~
@p~nv`. e~ v@g~m wmn~@g~m mrNy e@hmw~ n#wQnm| wmn~
qr#NR Xl&kr~mykt mRhRN@qn avs~}`v wmn~ vQsQn~m ihLQn~
i[n~ q#k bl` gw~w sQq~{Wn~ o|n$ wrm| pr~@y~;NvlQn~ h`
@m`~hn kQYy`vlQn~@gn~ @hLQqrv| @vl` wQ@ynv`. @m| vQ{Qyt
a#st @n`@p@nn bl@v|gvlt smhr#n~ @q~vw~vyk~ a`@r`~
pNy krl` @qvQyn~ vhn~@s~ @k@nk~ in~n bv op~pR krn~n
hqnv`. @m| @@cwsQk bl@v|gyn~ h#m @qyk~m @qvQyn~
vhn~@s~@g~ nQr~m`N kQyl` e~ ay kQyn~@n~ e~ nQsyQ.
sQw ek armRNkt wb` gw~wm avt @l`~k@yn~ @vn~ krl`
sQw wnQ krgn~n pRUvn~. ew@k`t wmyQ sQ@wn~ Xk~wQyk~ `
uydkdhl fn,a,k Y%S [dKúu, ysñ
@k`l~lk` gn~nv`. e@hm @k`l~lk`l` wmn~@g~ a`g@m| wQ@yn
@q~vl~vlt e~ h#m @qyk~m ytw~ krn~n hqnv`.
mm eAgln~w@y~ in~n k`@l~ ek sWw s^wOvk u@q~ p`n~qrm
iAgWYsQ k`n~w`vkOyQ, ey`@g~ qEv kQyl hQwn~n pRUvn~ LmykOyQ
m`v hm|b @vn~n a`v`. e~ k`n~w`v a`gm pYc`ry krn
@k@nk~. @qvQyn~ vhn~@s~ kQyl` @k@nk~ in~n bv @pn~vn~n
ey` p#y @qkk~ vQwr @b`@h`m mhn~sQyk~ gw~w`. apQ hQtQy
w#n i[l` c`l~s~ d`vQn~@g~ @gqrt h#w#p~m phk~vw~ wQbR@N~
n#h#. iwQn~ mm a#hRv` "prQn`mv`qy" g#n ob @m`nvq
hQwn~@n~ kQyl`. ey` e~k n$hRN` v@g~ mt kQv|v` avRr#qE qs
lk; gNnk~ p#rFNQ @p`sQl hm|bR@vl` wQbRNw~ e~ ekkvw~
adk~ mQnQs~ adk~ - wQrQsn~ v@g~ h#dr#v wQ@yn r$p hmR@vl`
n#h# @n~q kQyl`. ey` e~@kn~ aqhs~ k@L~ prQn`myk~ kQyl`
@qyk~ wQ@yn~n vQqQyk~ n#h# kQyn ekyQ. iwQn~ mm a#hRv` "q#n~
obw~ smM in~n oy qEv@g~ @p`dQ k`l@y~ C`y`r$pw~, q#n~
C`y`r$pw~ ar@gn b#lEvm oy avs~}` @qk sn~sn~qny
krn~n "x`gyk~ v#dQhQtQ - x`gyk~ Lm`" vQqQyt @p@nn
C`y`r$pw~ wQ@yn~n o|@n~q?" kQyl`. an~wQmt e~ k`n~w`v kQv|v`
"s~v`mWn~ vhn~@s~ yk;y` h[Ennv` @n~q?" kQyl`. e~@kn~
aqhs~ k@L~ mt yk~;y` v#hQl` kQyn ekyQ.
bRqE qh@m| en @qvQyn~ pQLQb[ sAkl~pyyQ, a@nk~ a`gm|vl en
m#vRm|k`r @qvQyn~ vhn~@s~ pQLQb[ sAkl~pyyQ awr vQX`l
@vnsk~ wQ@ynv`. bRq~{`gmt anRv @qvQyn~ kQyn~@n~ apQmyQ.
h#dr#v @vns~km| pmNyQ. @q~v a`w~m@y~ in~n pRq~gly`myQ
ps~@s~ mvRkOsk upqQn~@n~. e~w~ @q~vv`qW a`gm|vl @qvQyn~
kQyn~@n~ e~ v@g~ prQvr~wny vn ekk~ @n@myQ. e~k vQX~vy pRr`
p#wQr pvwQn @p`qE pq`r~}yk~.
ioyï ±kqu
wmamld f; ukqiafiaiq
fh ckd mdr.dñfkd
w;dhx b;rd mcd
;Srfïjd kqOdj;S
ñksiqka w;=ßka mrf;rg hkafkda ál fofkls
fiiafida fuf;rgu ÿj;s
Oïumoh mKaä; j.a.h
fuu ioyï ±kqu Tnfj; f.k tafï wkq.%yh
iqNdIsKs ùrisxy
94 066 481 81 51
15
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
fu;a me;=ï
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
fofk;
fmd;a.=f,a fk;a yuqj
lsj ta fid÷re lj
fmd;a.=f,ka msgj ú;a
,shkakg neßo ug
iriúfha u,a w;r
isyskhla muKlao
ta fid÷re fmï lúh
fï oEi w. msreKq
fmï lúh lshjkak
u.n,k
lel=¿ úh miqjk
mqoìu wi, b|f.k
u,a lsks;s úl=Kk
fkdorejka fï iir weúÈk
l÷¿ ke; fokqkjk
fof;d,ska iskd u;=jk
fï orefjda ±lf.k
fkdhkafk;a ke; u,la wrf.k
ldreKsl mskaj;=ks"
lreKdr;ak
chisxy fma' úYaj úoHd,h
yg
ohdjg
Èydjg
fldg
Ôú;h keu;s f.a ms<sn|
fn!oaO wms Ôj;aúug
wjYH O¾u ldrKd
nqÿka úiska jod< mßÈ
fyd¢ka wid ordf.k
ta wkqj yeisßu ;=<ska
wmf.a is;=ï me;=ï bgqjk ;ek
ðú;hg fï Tjoka Tn ieugu
w;afõjdhs m;kafkuq
fjif`.a wisßh
ÈoafoKsfmd; Oïudkkao ysñ
úYd,d uykqjr
bkaÈhdj
fjila Èfka i| lsrfKa f,dj nn<kjd
nqÿ iñ÷f. nqÿ.=K oi;u
me;sfrkjd
¨ïìKs kï i,a Whfka iñ÷ Wmkakd
uq`: f,djgu ioyï ri fno,d ÿkakd
È.=l,a Èfkajd
fndai;a mq;l= ìysl< Tn uEKshka yg
mska § j¢ñ ksjkg
hkak
i;md l=¿Kq fu; ÿla frda ìh f,vqka yg
iqjm;a lf<a Tn fmreuka
mqrkakg
fmkajd ieug udf.a nqÿrcq
m;=rd O¾uodkh ieu okka
lmarela my,fõ mshjr
u;= w;anfjhs Tn meñfKhs
.en;=< .=jka Èÿ,k mqka i|la
m;sksh Tfí ud ÿgq rka rejla
lsß W;=rkak fõjd Th ksji
Èo Èk Èfkajd ieu Tn È.=l,a
tmd tmd lrkak
mõ jev tmd lrkak
ud,kS jkisxy
u,a iqj¢ka f,d kyjk mqka fmda odl
wm iuq÷ka nqoaO.hdjg jeä fial
;Sr wêgka n,fhka úysod
wdf,dal
fjila fmdfyda Èk iñod nqÿ jq fial
tmd tmd lrkak
mõ jev tmd lrkak
;=Ka f,da i;=kg lreKdfjka ie,l=jd
;j;a fjila fmdfyda Èkla <`. <`. wdjd
t;=uka l=iskdrd kqjrg jev isáhd
Wmj;a;k i,a WhfkÈ msßksjkg jeähd
nqÿ .=K oi; wefikafka
f;u`.=, wms iurkafka
tï tÉ iqcdks pkaÈud
foajdkkao úoHd,h
wïn,kaf.dv
wm%udK fifkyi
mqrd i|la fia ore fj; mdhd
jeis ìªjla fuka ore ¥l ksõjd
myka geUla fia udj; fmkakd
orejka .ek iqN isysk m;kakd
wïud wïud hk nq¥ jofka
ñysr lshkq flf,id
ore fifkyighs wE fk;= ie¨fka
¥la wikd fndaêhla f,fia
fndaêh fijfka ,nkd isis,i
wïfï Tfn ;=ref,ys o ±fka
wïud wïud hk nq¥ jofka
wre; lshkq flf,id
wE;g osjhk ihqrla ú,fia
orejka b.s,S hk wrefï
n,d ys£k Tn fjr<la fia
lsisod fjkal, fkdyel f,dfõ
wïud wïud hk nq¥ jofka
wre; lshkq flf<id
ne£ï
ñksi;a nj ,enqj;a
fï f,dj ;=<
;=Tila f.dv kef.kakd fia
ojiska oji
f.dvke.=fka
¥lla f.k fok ne¢uls
;j;a ojilg ysre Wodúh
WoEik wjê úh
oyj, msìfohs
.ufka hhs
ld¾h nyq, fjhs
ikaOHdj
fiajh ksuj
úfõlh m;hs
fõokdnr uki
ksos j¾ý;hs
rd;%sh kskaog hhs
w¨hu thu je<| .kS
wreuhl uy; ;j;a
ojilg ysre WÞúh
oE wNsudkfhka yo;=< f.k
cd;sh /l .ekSug Tijuq
kE fjk iemla isxy, lug;a
iduh fld;eko t;khs ch
täh
wäh
jeäh
fldäh
o<|d iñÿ iy chisß uy
ñ, l, fkdyels rkaje,s iE rÿ
fy, cd;sl Wreu /l=ug fm<
ks, fld, r;= iu.s jkq ± ig
fndaê
wd§
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fka§
.Efjk le,s li, l=Kq frdvq bj; ouú
nE bjikak ,lauj ÿla ú¢kq
n,õ
kE fjk rgla Èkq ìu fuka ks;r is;õ
oE wNsudkfhka isy¨ks fmrg
huõ
úmq,a fyar;a-b;d,sfha isis,s
¥mf;a lgdkshd k.rfha isg
Vipul HerathCatania,Sicily Island,Italy.
14
fofk;
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
fmdfidka O¾u foaYkh
fofk;a yeu u.yer
fidhd tñ kqTj uu
fokq lsuo fï lúh
kqTg ñi
fjk ldg
weia ysia uia f,a okaÿka iEis mshd
oE; ysig § kuÈuq mEj
wkak fjila i| fjfyr
ieug fï lú uq;=yr f.fkñ wf.a
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
msysg
yg
mshjrg
;õ;sidjg
f,iska
f,iska
;=<ska
hy;ska
wo fmdfidka mqKq fmdfyda oji¡ Y%S ,dxlsl wmg fjk
iEu fmfydhlg;a jvd fmdfidka fmdfydh jeo.;a
fjkjd' cd;shla jYfhka isxy,hdg lsisfjl=g;a iu
l< fkdyels wkaofï uyd wNsudkj;a Ñka;khlg
Wreu lshkakg yelshdj ,enqfKa fuu W;=ï fmdfydh
oskfha isÿjQ wisrsu;a isÿùu ksihs¡ f,dalfha ´kEu
cd;shlg fojeks fkdjk wkaoug f,dj Wiiaiu
ixialD;sl odhdo wmg ysñ jqfka fï wo wm iurK
fmdfidka wkqiaurKh ksidfjka' fY%AIag cd;shla i;=
úh hq;= lreKdj ohdj wkqlïmdj jeks Wiia
.=khkaf.ka imsrs cd;shla f,i f,dj úreodj,s
,nkakg isxy, cd;shg yelsjqfka fmdfidka fmdfydh
ojfia wmg ,enKq fï Wiia odhdoh ksihs' odkh" m%sh
jpkh" w¾:prshdj" iudkd;au;djh hk Wiia
.=Kdx.hka wkqj yslafukakg wmg ,enqfKA;a f,dal
jdiSka uú; lrK wkaofï l,d lD;s ks¾udkh
lrkakg yels .Dy ks¾udK YS,amhla" Ñ;% l,djla
fukau uq¿ uy;a fn!oaO f,dalhdf.au f.!rjhg
md;%jk iÕ mrmqrlg ysñlï lshkakg;a wmg
wjia:dj ,enqfKa;a wo jeks fmdfidka fmdfyda oskl
we;sjQ tA wkqiaurKSh fmr,sh ksihs'
wfma rfÜ b;sydih foi n,kúg ñys÷ uy ry;ka
jykafia we;=¿ msrsi ,xldjg tkúg ,xldfõ rcq f,i
lghq;= lf<a ;siai lsh, rcflfkla' tod ñyska;,dj
u;g jevu l< ñys÷ yduqÿrejka uqj ovhfï
fhfoñka isá rc;=udg ;siai lshd wudka;%Kh l<d'
rc;=ud ;ukaf.a ku lshd wuka;%Kh lrkafka ljqo
lshd úmrï lrK fldg ;uhs ñyska;,dj u; jevisá
lidj;a fmdrjd.;a ñys÷ uyry;ka jykafia m%uqL
bÜGsh" W;a;sh" iïn," noaoid," iquk idufKar iy
nKavql Wmdilhka olakakg ,enqfKa' oUosj wfidal
wêrdchdf.a mq;a jk uu nqÿ rcdKka jykafiaf.a oyï
mKsjqvh /f.k meñKS nj
iukd uhx uydrdc - Oïurdciai idjld
;fuj wkqlïmdh - cïnqoSmd bOd.;d woS jYfhka
uyrc ;=uks" wms Y%uKfhda fjuq' nqÿka jykafiaf.a
oyï mKsjqvh /f.k Tn we;=¿ rg jeishkag
wkqlïmdfjka oUosj isg meñKsfhuq hk joka
wefikjd;a iuÕu ;uka w; ;snQ ÿkq B;, mfilg
oud nÿka jykafiaf.a tA fY%AIag mKsjqvh ndr .kakg
tlajru rc;=ud bosrsm;a jqkd'
wfma b;sydifha wmg ,enqKq fY%AIaGu odhdoh fuhhs'
wo f,dj l=uka;%K ldrSkag' ú| ord.kakg ners fj,d
;sfhkafk fuu mKsjqvh wm w;rska ;=rka lrkakg
Tjqka .;a iEu W;aidyhlau wid¾:l ù we;s ksihs¡
ljqre flfia lSj;a wm úiska wu;l fkdl< hq;=
ldrKd lSmhla ;sfhkjd' nqÿkajykafiaf.a mKsvqvh
lshkafka idufha mKsjqvhh' th u;=r u;=r ysáhg
ú;rla jevla keye' tA wkqj l%shd;aul jkakg wjYHhs'
tfia l%shd;aul jQ ld,fha wfma rfÜ fld;rï jákd
fY%AIag mäjre ìysjqKdo lsh, fmdâvla ys;, n,kak'
wudj;=r" O¾um%oSmsldj" mQcdj,sh¡ i;aO¾ur;akdj,sh
wdoS uyd idys;Hhlg ysñlï lshkakg wmg wmg
wjia:dj ,enqKd' wo;a fn!oaOhdf.a w;a fmd;la f,i
m%fhdckhg .kakg mq¿jka f,dajev iÕrdj jeks
fmd;a rpkd lrkakg yelshdj we;s uyd ix> mS;Djre
wfma cd;sfha my,jqkd¡ uyskaod.ukah;a iuÕ ìysjk
iÕ mrmqr ;uhs Wiia NdId fY,sfhka fuu .%ka:hka
rpdkd lrkafka'
nqÿka jykafia jir 45 la mqrd foaYkd lrK ,o wiQ
ydroyilajQ O¾uialkaOh fmd;aj, ,shd ;nkakg
yelsjqfkA fï l=vd osjhsfka isghs' tksid ;uhs fï l=vd
osjhsk fndfyda fokdf.A f.!rjhg wo;a md;%fj,d
;sfhkafka' oïrcdKka jykafiaf.a Y%S oka; Od;+ka
jykafia,d fokulau jev isákafka;a" Wkajykafia
nqoaO;ajh wjfndaO lr.kakd wjia:dfõ msgÿka Y%S uyd
fndaêfha olaIsK YdLdjla jev isákafka;a fï l=vd
osjhsfka' tod fndfyda fokd wfma rg yeoskajQfha
O¾uoSmh kñka' kquq;a wmrg úkdY lrkakg udk
n,k fndfyda fokdf.a l=uka;%K ksid wmf.a uõ ìu
wo ñkS urejkaf.a foaYhla njg m;afj,d ;sfhkjd'
wm wo m%sh lrkafka O¾uh fkdfjhs' wO¾uh' nqÿka
jykafiaf.a foaYkdfj;a ;sfhkjdfka Oïu foiaiS
mrdNfjd lsh,' tal ;uhs wmg fj,d ;sfhkafka
O¾uhg oafõI lrmq ksid ;uhs fuu mrsydksh'
wfma rgg mrfoaYSkaf.a wdl%uK we;sjqfKa wo Bfha
fkdfjhs' fiak .=;a;slf.a bo,d mD;=.SiSka wfma rgg
tk f;lau lSmj;djlau wms úfoaYsl wdl%uK j,g
m%xYfha m%Odk ix>kdhl mQcHmdo Ydia;%m;s
mrjdyer pkaor;k kdysñ
f.dÿre jqkd' kuq;a nqÿ oyñka wmg ,enqKq odhdo ksid
tA wdl%uKj,g wmj hg;a lrf.k os.=l,a
jecfUkakg wjia:dj ,enqfka keye' uy iÕrejkf.a
wdYS¾jdofhka ieuodu;a reyqfKka ìysjqKq rcjre
wfma rg /l .;a;d' 1505 mD;=.SiSka m%uqL ngysr
wdl%uKslfhda jir 450 la muK ,xldj w,a,f.k
md,kh l<;a ñys÷ uyry;ka jykfiaf.a wd.ukh;a
iuÕ wmg ,enqKQ nqoaO jpkfhka fyda fn!oaO
yeoshdfjka wmj wE;a lrkakg yelshdj ,enqfKa
keye' lDr mD;=.SiSka wfma wïu, lf;da,sl lrkakg
W;aidy .;a wjia:d fndfyduhlsoSu ;u ¥ orejka
;ukaf.a weia mkdmsgu urKhg m;a lroaoS;a ;uka
ms<s.;a nqoaO jpkh w; yersfha keye' ;ukaf.a mK
fuka nqoaO" Oïu" ix> lshk ;%súO r;akh wdrlaId l<d¡
fïjdg fndfyda WodyrK olajkak mq¿jka¡ f,dalfha
ñ,shk 300 la muK ck.yKhla isák n%iS,h jeks
rgj, w,a,d.;a; m%D;=.SiSka tA rfÜ uq,a ck.ykh jk
r;= bkaoshkajre iïmQ¾Kfhkau úkdY l<d¡ trfÜ
ixialD;sh NdIdj wdoS ish,a,u ke;s lr,d oeïud¡
kuq;a ,xldfõ th lrkakg Tjqkag fkdyelsjqfka wfma
uq;ka ñ;af;da uyskaod.ukfhka ,nd.;a tA W;=ï
odhdohka Wiia fldg ie,l+ ksihs' tu Wiia
.=khkaf.ka wm wo wE;aj isàu .ek ;j jrla is;d
n,kakg isÿù ;sfnkjd¡
wo wfma iudchg nK lsh,d jevla keye¡ fldmuK
nK weiqj;a ta fj,djg muKhs tu nK .ek l,amKd
lrkafka¡ tA wkqj ms,smeoSula jkafka keye¡ tAl ;uhs wo
we;sù ;sfnk úm¾hdihka isÿfj,d ;sfhkafk¡ w;S;fha
wfma iudcfha ;snqKd f,dlhlau .re lrK Wiia
pdrs;% jdrs;%¡ tAjd wm w;r ;snqKd muKla fkdfjhs wm
f,dlhg;a tAjd odhdo lr, ;sfhk nj wfma rfÜ
wdNdIfhka nqoaO jpkh ms<s.;a rgj,g .sh úg ug
oel.kakg ,eì, ;sfhkjd' wm Ôj;ajk m%xYfha
we;eï ,d´ia" ldïfndac" úhÜkdu" ;dhs hk
ksfjiaj, odkj,g .shyu ug olskakg ,eì,
;sfhkjd NslaIQka jykafia,d bosrsmsgoSu ;u jfhdajDoaO
foud mshkag uqo,la mQcd lrñka lÿ¿ msrs fofk;ska
hqla;j uq¿ jir mqrdu ;ukaf.ka jrola jqkdkï tA
ish¿u jeros j,g iudj fok f,i b,a,ñka ;=kajrlau
;u foudmshkag je| kuialdr lrK wdldrh'
uyskaod.ukah;a iuÕ wfma rgg;a ,enqKq Wiiau
odhdo ;uhs Wfoa iji uõ mshkaf.a fomd keuo
f.!rj lsrSu" jeäysáhkag ie,lSu" wd.ka;=lhkag
ie,lSu" ×;Skag ix.%y lsrSu jeks Wiia foaj,a' kuq;a
wo fï rgla jákd pdrs;% wm w;rska .s,sys,d hdu
wdrïN fj,d ;sfhkjd' fndfyda fokd hqfrdamfhka tk
fkdjeo.;a foa ndrf.k ishjia .Kkla ;siafia mej;s
hym;a pdrs;% jdrs;% wvq ;lafiarejg ,la lr,d
;sfhkjd' fláfhkau lshkjdkï nqÿkajykafia ux.,
iQ;%fhaoS ux., lrKq f,i W.kajd jod, uõ mshkag
ie,lSu wdoS Wiia pdrs;% w; yer oud,d fkdjeo.;a
foag we¿ï lrkakg mgkaf.k ;sfhkjd' oS¾>dhqI
,efíjd lshd whqfndajka lshñka w;afol tl;= lr
wdpdr lrmq fndfyda hqfrdamShka mjd w.h lrK jákd
pdrs;% wu;l lr,d ;sfhkjd' thska yef.kafka wms
fyd|foag oafõY lrK nj' b;ska nqÿ yduqÿrefjd
mrdNj iQ;%fhaoS foaYkd lrmq foa wo isoaOfj,d keoao@
Tõ isoaOfj,d ;sfhkjd'
;jÿrg;a l,amkd lrkakg wmg ;ju;a bv ;sfhkjd'
n,kak wms wo ;eklg hk fldg ;E.a.g wrka hkak
mjd mqreÿfj,d ;sfhkafka ji úi' uki úl,a lrK
foa' msgrgl isg tk flfkla kï fnfyúkau
ys;j;=kag /f.k hkafka tjeks foa' fujeks pdrs;%
wfma fn!oaO iudcfha kï ljodj;a mej;sfha keye'
wïud ;d;a; isysfjkak odfk fokfldg;a odkfhka
miafia ;uka idudoka jqk YslaId mohgj;a .re
lrkafka ke;sj odfk f.or mdáhla lr.kakjd' tfia
flfrkafka ke;akï fndfyda ys; ñ;=rka tAjdg
fkdmeñfKk ;;ajhl=hs we;s fõf.k hkafk' tfia
fkdlrK ;eka wj×jg ,la lrkak ;uhs mqreÿfj,d
;sfhkafka'
;ukaf.a ñh.sh foud mshkag mskafokak mskalula
07
lrka f ka jirlg j;djla k ï tu os k hgj;a
u;amekaj,ska wE;a jkakg nerskï tu lrK ,o ls%hdfõ
ják lula ;sfhkjdo' keye' lrkakka jdf,a l,dg
jevla keye' uõmsh f.!rjfhka th lrkakg mqreÿ
fjkak ´k' mkai,lg hk fldg u;a meka mdkh lr,
hkjkï Tjqka kug muKhs fn!oaOfhd' úfoaY rgj,
bkak we;eï wfma isxy,fhda ;ukaf.a rfÜ f.!rjh
mjd flf,iñka mkai,aj, odkhlg
hk fldg
jdykfha u;a mek ;shdf.k lEug l,ska u;ameka ál
wrf.k tkakg mqreÿ fj,d ;sfhkjd' biir kï u;a
øjH mdkh lr, mkai,lg hkafk keye' wo tAjd
fndfyda ÿrg wu;l fj,d' fïjd wfma
msrSySfï
,laIK'
;ukaf.a rg fjkqfjka hula lrkakg lSfjd;a miai
.yk fndfyda fokd u;ameka is./Ü fjkqfjka uqo,a
kdia;s lrKjd' fïjd kï oshqKqjk iudchl ,laIK
fkdfjhs' ;ukaf.a f.or fodr m%Yak wUq ieñ m%Yak
ish,a,u we;s lrf.k ;sfhkafk ;uka úiskauhs'
;ukaf.a is; md,kh lr.kakg nerslu ksid ;uhs
fuu ;;ajh we;sfj,d ;sfhkafka'
is;g jd,afjkj lshkafk ;ukag ;uka oukh lr.kak
ners fjk tlhs' b;ska ;ukaf.a is; ;ukag md,kh
lr.kakg nerskï tu ukqiai lfuka jevla keye
'
biair mçjrfhla lsh,d ;sfhkjd
wdyr ksød Nh ffu:qk[p
- idudkH fu;;a
mY=NskrdKï
O¾fudNs f;Iduêfld úfYfId - O¾fuk ySkx mY=Nsx
iudkx
i;aj f,dalfha Wiiau i;ajhd ;uhs ukqIHhd'
ukqIHhdg fukau wksl=;a i;=kag;a wdydr" ksod.ekSu"
Nh iy fu:qk fiajkh wjYHhs' ;srsika i;=kag;a fï
y;r wjYH jf.au ukqIHhkag;a fuu y;r wjYHhs'
kuq;a ;srsika i;=kag ukqIHhkag jf.a ys;kak
Yla;shl fyda ys; oshqKQ lrkakg Yla;shla keye'
;srsika i;=kq;a orefjd yokjd' kquq;a ukqIHhkag jf.a
Tjqfkdjqka w;r fjki y÷k .kakg ;srsika i;=kag
mq¿jka lula keye' Tjqka w;r ukqIHhkag jf.a
úkhla keye' kuq;a orejka bmos,d f,dl= fjkl,a
ñksiaiqjf.au ;srsika i;=kq;a orejkag wdorh lrkjd'
tA jqkdg wmg jf.a uõ msh ¥ orejkaf.a hq;=lï Tjqkag
W.kajkak neye' kquq;a ukqIHhka jf.au ;srsika
i;=kq;a ;ukaf.a Ôú;hg wdofrhs' ;srsika wmdfha
fldmuK ÿla úkao;a Tjqka leu;s keye uefrkak' lrmq
mõ f.fjklïu ;srsika wmdfha ÿla úoskakgu ;uhs
tjqka leu;s' tAl idudkH iajNdjh' ukqIh f,dfl
.;a ; ;a b;du;a u wmyiq f jka ,nd .;a ;
ukqIH;ajfhka mjd kshu m%fhdackh .kafka lSfhka lS
fokdo@ tA lg;a msk ;sfhkafk ´k' ukqIHhka fj,d
;srsikqka f,i Ôj;ajk wh fldmuK isákjdo n,kak'
tksid ys; oshqKq lrf.k lreKdj" ffu;%sh" ohdj"
wkqlïmdj
hk Wiia .=khka oshqKQ lr, Wiia
ukqIHhka fjkakg wosgka lr.kakg ´k' tfyu ke;sj
nqoafOdaa;amdo ld,hl uqkqIHfhla f,i bmos, tu
ñksialfuka m%fhdack .;af; ke;akï th uyd
wjdikdjla'
fï fmdfidka mqKq fmdfyda oskfha
wosIaGdk lr.; hq;af;a nqÿka jykafiaf.a Y%S ioaO¾uh
wkqj Ôú;h yev .iajdf.k hym;a ñksfil= f,i
iir flá lrf.k ks¾jdk wjfndaOh msKsi wm%udoj
l%shd lsrSuhs'
tA i|yd mdrñ;d mqrkakg fuu W;=ï fmdfydh oskfha
wosIaGdk lr .ksuq'
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
fofk;
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
wka;.dó n,fõ. yd nqÿ oyfï Wkak;sh
A#p~GnQs~}`n@y~ is~l`m| mRl{r~mv`qW w@l~b`n~ rjy @ewQh`sQk bRqE pQLQm
vQn`X kQrm pQLQb[ @l`v pRr` vQX`l vQ@r`~{w`vk~ is~mwO vQy. ew~ e~ mQ@l~c|C
kYQy`v nwr @n`vRNQ. @m| vn vQt em @l`~k ur#my vQn`X kr avs`ny. e~
@k@s~ @vww~ a#w#m| rtvl~ a`gm| @x~qykQn~ @w`rv em vQn`Xy vLk~vn~nt
q#r$ uw~s`hyt @l`~kv`sW @b_q~{ jnw`v e~ rtvlt k^wZw`v pLkL
yRwOy.
w@l~b`n~ an~wv`qWn~@g~ @m| @b_q~{vQ@r`~{W kYQy`vt vQ@r`~{w` el~l vR@N~ ovRn~
bRqEpQLQm vQn`X krn bv pYsQq~{kL nQs`y. nQhVv ey k@L~ nm| kQsQvkO
qn~@n~ n#w. @b_q~{ sAs~k^wQy p#wQr wQbRN a#p~GnQs~}`ny, ir`ny,
in~qEnWsQy`v, bAglQ@q~Xy v#nQ rtvl~ mRs~lQm| a`kYmNyt @g`qEr# vW qQgO klk~
gwvW wQ@b|. e~ rtvl wQbR @b_q~{sAs~k^wQk ur#myn~ bhRl vX@yn~ vQn`X vW
@g`sQnQ. a@b_q~{rtvl~ bvt pw~ vR psR e@s~ sQqEvWm pRqEmyk~ @n`@v|.
nmRw~ m$wk~ vnwOr#m @b_q~{yn~ bhRwryk~ sQtQ @b_q~{rtk~ vR qkONR
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gQnQ w#bW@mn~ h` kd` bQq q#mW@mn~ vQn`Xkr a#w. lk~; gNnk~ @b_q~{yn~
kYQs~wQy`nQ a`gmt hrv` a#w. @k`rQy`@v| kYQs~wQy`nQ an~wv`qWn~
a#p~GnQs~}`n@y~ is~l`m| mRl{r~mv`qWn~ @mn~ pYsQq~{Q@y~ @n`v apYsQq~{Q@y~
@b_q~{ur#my vnsn bv qn~@n~ sRU pQrQskQ. e@s~ qn~nv` nm| @l`~k
@b_q~{yn~@g~ av{`ny a#p~GnQs~}`nyt pmNk~ @n`v qkONR @k`rQy`v
@qstq @y`mRvnR a#w.
awWw@y~ r`j{`nQ kQpykt @bqW p#v#wQ @k`rQy`vt bRqEqhm h[En~v` @qn
lq~@q~ kYQs~wO vr~; 4 vn sQyv@s~ qW cWn sh in~qWy xQk~;Rn~ vQsQnQ. kYm@yn~ rt
wOL v&`p~w vR bRqEqhm kYQs~wS vr~; 668 qW r`j&`gm bvt pw~vRNQ. r`j& ar~bRq
m#q @k`rQyn~ bRqEssR@n~ pQrQhWm vrQn~ vr sQqE vR awr 1950 @k`rQyn~ yRq~{yt
m#qQhw~ vR amrQk`v ehQ awOr# Pl vX@yn~ hmRq`vk~ ehQ nvw~v` gw~ awr
qkONR @k`rQy`v pRr` kOr#s h` pl~lQ pQhQtRv` @b_q~{yn~ kYQs~wQy`nQyt h#rvW@m|
kdQnm| v#dpQLQ@vLk~ qQyw~ k@L~y. aq qkONR @k`rQy`@v| @b_q~{yn~@g~
sAK&`v sQyyt 40 ktw~ vd` adRvW a#w.
sm`j k`r~yyn~ s[h` kYQs~wQy`nQ h` @b_q~{sm|bn~{w` yn m#yQn~ cQk`@g`~ qW
@p`~l~ srsvQy vQsQn~ 1996 vs@r~ pvw~vn lq smRUvkqW qkONR @k`rQy`@v| sQqE
@k@rn pn~sl~ gQnQw#bWm h` bRqEpQLQm v#nsWm pQLQb[ kr#NR s`kc|C`
@kr#NQ. mh`c`r~y pY$n~k~ @t@ds~@k`~ vQsQn~ e~ sm|bn~{ vQs~wr iqQrQpw~ krn
lq awr, @k`rQy`nR @b_q~{yn~t sh@y`~gy q#k~vW@m| nQl nQ@v|qnyk~ smRUv
vQsQn~ nQkOw~ krn lqW. ovRn~t a`{`r kQrm s[h` emgQn~ armRqlk~ q pQhQtRv`
a#w.
an~wv`qW kYQs~wQy`nQn~ vQsQn~ qkONR @k`rQy`@v| sQqE krnR lbn @b_q~{ ur#my
v#nsW@m| kYQy`q`my @v|qn` shgw kr#Nk~ bvw~, vh`m ey n#v#w~vWmt
pQyvr gn~n` @lsw~ 1999 jnv`rQ 25 qQn mh`c`r~y pY$n~k~ a#wOU kN~d`ym
@k`rQy`v, a#mrQk`v sh yR@r`~p@y~ rtvl~ r`XQyk r`j& sh a`gmQk
n`ykyn~@gn~ lQKQwv il~lWmk~ kr a#w. nmRw~ @b_q~{sAs~k^wQk vQn`Xy
n#vwW n#w. sQ@y`l~ ngr@y~ @m@w`~qQs~w @sm@nrQ@y~ sx`pwQ vR a`c`r~y
p~@y`n~ @s`n~ x~vn~ @b_q~{ h` kYQs~wQy`nQ a`gmQkyn~ awr sRhqw`vy
@g`dn#gWmt @v@hsRn a@ykQ. e~ @h~wO@vn~ ohR wnwO@rn~ ph @kr#NQ.
a`gm nQs` ekm rtk jnw`v @bq` @vn~ krn ww~w~vyk~ aq @k`rQy`v wOL
mwO vW wQ@b|. 1997- psRgQy vsr 15 wOL kYQs~wQy`nQ an~wv`qWn~ qkONR
@k`rQy`@v| @b_q~{pRjnWy vs~wO h` sQq~{s~}`n sQy gNnk~ gQnQ w#bW@mn~ h`
@b`~m|b g#sW@mn~ vQn`X kr a#wQ bv v`r~w` @v|. e~ pQLQb[ l#yQs~wO sh
pRvw~pw~ v`r~w` r`XQyk~ wQ@b|.
1984 @pbrv`rQ ms mRrQyn~s` sh il~@s`n~s` pn~sl~vl bRqEpQLQm h` cQwY mw
s`ym| g` vQk^wQ kr a#wQ awr mQl kL @n`h#kQ lW k#tym| vlt @p`rvkQn~
@k`t` wQ@b|. 1984 m#yQ ms @b_q~{n`ykyn~@g~ vQ@r`~{w` @n`slk` @r`~m`nR
k@w`~lQk pl~lQy bRqErjRn~@g~ upn~ qQny @y@qn @v@sk~ @p`@h`yt avhQryk~
vn @ls p`p~wOm` @k`rQy`vt k#@[v|@v|y. eb#vQn~ r}v`hn b`{k h`
a`rk;k @h~wO mw @b_q~{yn~t @vsk~ @p`@h`y q` pn~sl~vlt y$mt q id
@n`l#bRNQ. @k`rQyn~ rj@y~ pYk`Xnvl bRqEqhm h[En~vn~@n~ m#kW yn qhmk~
"A fading religion" vX@ynQ.
vQqElQ m{&s~}`nyt kd` v#qEn, an~wv`qW kYQs~wQy`nWn~ @q@q@nk~ ehQ wQbR
prQgNk, @b_q~{ gW w#tQ sn~nQ@v|qn upkrN h` vWqEr# j@nl~ vQn`X kLh.
e~ @h~wO@vn~ vQk`Xn ktyRwO m`s kWpyk~ n#vwONQ. phr qWmt @y`q`@gn
a#w~@w~ @l`~h bRqEpQLQmykQ.
1992 @d`n~gOk~ @b_q~{vQX~vvQq&`l@y~ @q~Xn X`l`vk~ gQn~@nn~ v#nsRnQ.
2000 @qs#m|br~ ms ehQ pY{`n X`l`vk wQ@bn bRqE pQLQmy mw s~@pY~ kQr@mn~
kOr#s lkONk~ wb` @j~sR jWvm`nyQ ynR@vn~ s[hn~ kr wQ@b|. a#w#m| qQnvl
em pQLQmy iqQrQps sQt mRl{r~mv`qW kQYs~wQy`nQ XQ;&yn~ byQbl@y~ XSx`rAcQ
pwYQk` @b@qn bv XQ;&ykO@gn~ q#n gn~nt l#bQNQ.
1992 pRl~@j`~s` pn~s@l~ @@mwYWy @b`~sw~ pQLQm@y~ @qaw~ kp` qm` pRr`vs~wO
sQy gNnk~ vQn`X kr a#w.
a#f~gnQs~}`n@y~ sQqE @k@rn bRqEpQLQm vQn`Xyt e@rhQv bthQr rtvl~
iqQrQpw~v sQtQn~@n~ avAkvm q? n#wQnm| mRs~lQm| j`wQkyn~t e@rhQv @l`v
pRr` vQ@r`~{w`vk~ @g`dn#gWmt q? yn p#ny a#sWm ak^wZkmk~ vQy
h#kQy. nmRw~ kYQs~wQy`nQ mRl{r~mv`qWn~ vQsQn~ qkONR @k`rQy`@v| sQqE @k@rn
@b_q~{pRr`vs~wO vQn`Xyt bthQr rtvl~ e@ls vQr#q~{ @n`vn~@n~ a#yQ? yn
pYX~ny apt ahn~nt sQqE@vyQ. e~ g#n @n`qn~n` nQs` y#yQ kW@v`w~ v#rFqQy.
l`AkQk ap @n`q#n sQtQyw~ @k`rQy`@v| sQqE @k@rn @b_q~{ sAs~k^wQk
vQn`Xy g#n bW.bW.sW. sh sW.en~.en~. pYv^w~wQ mgQn~ q, j`w&n~wr pRvw~pw~
mgQn~ q @l`vt nQwr @hLQqrv| @k@r~. bW.bW.sW. pYv^w~wQvlt kL phw
s[hn~ pYk`X@yn~ kYQs~wQy`nQ mRl{r~mv`qQykO@g~ aqhs~ vth` gw h#kQy.
yR@ns~@k`~v vQsQn~ @l`~k sAs~k^wQk ur#myk~ @ls nm| @kr#N @s`kOr`m|
nm#wQ @b_q~{ pYwQm`v sRs`n~ ngr@y~ pQ@dl~ pl~lQ@y~ s`m`jQkykO vQsQn~ h`nQ
krn lqW. 1996 a@pY~l~ 19 qQn @p`n~@v`n~ @c`n~s` pn~s@l~ rhw~ pQLQm 519 k~
kd` q#mW@mn~ sQqE vR vQn`Xy @p`lQs~ v`r~w`vlt anRv @d`lr~ mQlQyn 6 kQ.
@m| awr 17 vn @s~n`Ak@y~ @k`m`n~dr~-vr@yk~ wm mRls~}`nyt id n#wQ
bv kQy` kQm|@h~ gOvn~ k[vRr asl vQh`ry kd` pQLQmy kn~qkt @gn @g`s~
q#m|@m|y. @b_q~{ uq~@G`~;N nQs` @vnw~ w#nk alE@wn~ vQh`ryk~ s$qWmt
sRq`nm| vR vQt r$p vn~qn` krn w#n wmn~@g~ pl~lQy smWpyt @gn
@n`en~n#yQ kQymQn~ pRs`n~ @y`n~g~@q`~ pl~lQy eyt b`{` k@L~y. "Cannot
accept the construction of a place of a idol worship"
vrk~ hnQl~ n`r` Heavenly Kingdom pwY@y~ mRl~ pQtR@v| k#dR bRqE pQLQmyk
C`y`r$pyk~ pL@k`t eyt phLQn~ wmn~ ytw~ krgn~n` @q~X@y~ wQ@bn
pQLQm h` an& @q~vw`vn~@g~ pQLQm kdn~n ynR@vn~ prN @ws~w@m|n~wO@v|
s[hn~ p`Ty @y`q` wQbQNQ.
1998 jRnQ 26 qQn sRn~ jQn~ kQm| nm#wQ kYQs~wQy`nQ xk~wQky` @s`n~ @v`n~ (@sn~
x`vn` m{&s~}`ny) pn~s@l~ j@nl~ vWqEr# bQ[, m`bl~ bRqE pQLQm 750 k~ pmN
k#dR psR al~l` g#nRNQ. ohR @p`lQsQyt kW@v| em pn~sl pl~lQyk~ kQr@m|
aqhsQn~ wm`t e~v` k#dWmt up@qs~ qW wQ@bn bvyQ. @m| awr 1998 jRlQ 1 qQn
sqn~@q`n~ pY@q~X@y~ @w~@g`~ pn~s@l~ LQ[t xSmQ@wl~ qm` a#w.
wv q, pRn~s`n~ j`wQk uq&`n@y~ @b`~sw~ pQLQmy, pRs`n~hQ @c`n~sR pn~sl,
@c`n~jRhQ @p`@y`n~s` pn~sl a`qW pY{`n @p@L~ @b_q~{sQq~{s~}`n sQy gNnk~
@m| ayRr#n~ vQn`X kLw~, jn`{QpwQ a#wOU kYQs~wQy`nQ @q~Xp`lkyn~
bhRwryk~ sQtQn @k`rQy`nR jnrj@yn~ @b_q~{yn~t kQsQm pQhQtk~ n#w.
s#kpQt aw~adAgOvt gw~ pRq~glyn~ vrqkr#vn~ bv p#h#qQlQv op~pR kL
h#kQ avs~}`vl pv` s`k;Q n#w#yQ kQymQn~ ovRn~ nQqhs~ krn bv @p@n~.
jpn~ sAs~k`wQy v#nsW@m| mRv`@vn~ @b_q~{pRr`vs~wO rFsk~ wQbRN j`wQk
@k_wOk`g`ryk~ rjy vQsQn~ m m$wk qW vQn`X @kr#NQ.
1985 kQm| @;`n~v` nm#w~@wk~ bRqEqhm @hL` qkQmQn~ pRs`n~, @w~jR, k~vn~jR
@w~@j`n~ yn ngrvl @pLp`lQ sAvQ{`ny kr wQbRNQ. ohR@g~ stn~ p`Ty vR@y~
qXlk; 25 k~ @b_q~{yn~ kQYs~wQy`nQ kQrmyQ.
@m&`n~ cQg~@h`n~ nm#w~@wk~ kQwO qh@mn~ s~vr~gyt, bRqE qhmQn~ ap`yt, bN
mdRv yk;y`@g~ X`l`vk~ y#yQ pYsQq~{Q@y~ pYk`X k@L~y. ohR klQn~ xQk;Rvk bv
kWvw~ ohR p#v#qQv sQtQ bvt kQsQm v`r~w`vk~ n#w. 1983 m`r~wO 01 q` ek~
k`n~w`vk~ pYsQq~{@b_q~{xQk;Rvkt e@rhQv pYk`Xyk~ krmQn~ kQy` sQtQ@y~
ohRt q`v wm`t qr#vkO sQtQn bvyQ.
@k`rQy`@v| rj@y~ vQx`g h` sm|mRK prk;N p#v#w~vWm s[h` qQn nQym
krn~@n~ @b_q~{yn~t avhQr vn an~qmtyQ. 1997 jRnQ ms sQqE vR ev#nQ
sQq~{QykqW @b_q~{@y`~ uq~@G`~;N kLh. sQqE vR as`{`rNy g#n kng`tRv
pYk`X kL @lp~tQnn~tQ cQn~ lW h` sQ@y`n~ cn~g~ yn @q@qn` a`rk;k
am`w&`AXy vQsQn~ @s~v@yn~ ph krn lqh.
j`wQk vs~wO pQLQb[ @l~Kn@y~ aAk 476 qrn awQ pRr`N kOm|sn~s` pn~s@l~
{r~m X`l`v 1986 @qs#m|br~ 6 vn qQn an~wv`qW kYQs~wQy`nQn~ vQsQn~ mRUmnQn~
m gQn~@nn~ vQn`X krn lqW. s#kpQt aw~adAgOvt gw~ ay s`k;Q n#wQ bv
kQy` nQqhs~ @kr#NQ. 1988 s#p~w#m|br~ 25 qQn pRs`n~ ngr@y~ pY{`n xQk;R
pRhRNR m{&s~}`nyt gQnQ wb` a#w. ehQ wQbR mQl kL @n`h#kQ bRqE pQLQm 16 k~ h`
j`wQk vs~wO @ls nm| kr wQbR vtQn` cQwY mRUmnQn~ m q#vRNQ.
1997 jn`{QpwQvrN@y~ ek~ a@p~k;k@yk~ vR @h`~ cA lW xQk;Rvk@g~ mRhRNk~
shQw @p`~s~tryk~ pYc`ryt pw~ k@L~y. ohR eyQn~ uw~s`h kr wQ@bn~@n~
vQr#q~{p`k;Qky` @b`r#krykO h` @m`~dykO bv h#MvWmtyQ.
pRjnWy vs~wO v#nsWm, xQk;Rn~ @k@rhQ @b_q~{yn~ kLkQrvWm, jnm`{& mgQn~
bRqEqhm h` xQk;Rn~ @hL` q#kWm, p`ln bly @b_q~{yn~t e@rhQv @yqvWm,
a{&`pn a`ywnvl @b_q~{ sQsRn~ @k`n~kQrm a`qW upkYm mgQn~ qkONR
@k`rQy`@v| bRqEqhm v#nsW@m| q#v#n~w v#dpQLQ@vLk~ @m| an~qmQn~ qQgO k@lk
sQt kYQy`w~mk @vyQ. pl~lQ@yn~ sQvRr# @prvR pRq~glyn~ umA qEm|rQyplvl h`
@snM g#v@sn w#n~vl sRwY p`T kQy kQy` @brykt gsmQn~ mRql~ yqQn
h#tQw~, mw~p#n~ bW v#wQr sQtQn h#tQw~ @k`rQy`vt yn @k@nkOt q#kQy h#k.
mh`y`n @b_q~{l`ACny vR s~vs~}Qky m#qQvn @ls s#ksR kOr#s kNR aq
@k`rQy`@v| @b`@h`~ nQ@vs~vl vhLy mw r$pv`hQnQ a#n~tn` @mn~ qQs~@vyQ.
1990 @vsk~ uw~sv sm@y~ m#yQ 2 q` sQ@y`l~ ngr@y~ pQhQtQ pY}m @b_q~{gOvn~
08
fofk;
nxlrfha l;kaorh
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
wNHjldYh ;rKh l< ñksid
ìïmKqjl= ùfï fÄojdplh
pkaÈu ú;dkdrÉÑ
tx.,ka;h
mm m@g~ vQX~v`sy anRv v#d krnv` nm|, m` vRvw~ @m@hm pn~sl~ vQn`X
krn~n id wQ@bnv`. @m| vQn`Xy g#n kQynv` nm|, mt kQyn~n wQ@yn~@n~
an~wv`qW kYQs~wQy`nQn~ vQsQn~ qkONR @k`rQy`@v| sQqE krnR lbn @b_q~{ ur#my v#nsW@m|
kYQy`q`my @v|qn` shgw kr#Nk~ bvw~, vh`m ey n#v#w~vWmt pQyvr gn~n` @lsw~ 1999
jnv`rQ 25 qQn mh`c`r~y pY$n~k~ a#wOU kN~d`ym @k`rQy`v, a#mrQk`v sh yR@r`~p@y~ rtvl~
r`XQyk r`j& sh a`gmQk n`ykyn~@gn~ lQKQwv il~lWmk~ kr a#w. nmRw~ @b_q~{sAs~k^wQk
vQn`Xy n#vwW n#w.
qkONR @k`rQy`@v| @b`@h`~ p`sl~vl @b_q~{LmyQn~t pl~lQ y$m anQv`r~y kr
wQ@b|. ey ovRn~@g~ v`r~w` @p`w~vl sthn~ @k@rn awr, pl~lQ @n`yn
@b_q~{sQsRhR as`{`rNvlt @g`qEr# @vwQ. Hyundai High School,
Songwu primary school, Peaguin primary school a`qW @b`@h`~
p`sl~vl sQylE sQsRn~t byQbly kQyvWm anQv`r~y @vyQ. byQblyt akm#wQ
@b_q~{sQsRn~ nm| kr wQ@bn~@n~ s`wn~@g~ anRg`mQk@y`~ followers of
Satan ynR@vnQ. pn~sl~ a`XYQw @pr p`sl~vl kOd` LmRn~t @qvQyn~ vhn~@s~
pQLQb[v kQy` @qn @ls a{&`pn bl{`rn~ vQsQn~ nQ@y`~g kr wQ@b|.
1989 a@pY~l~ ms 5 qQn @n`@yk~ pL`w~vl pQhQtQ pn~sl~ 10 k bRqEpQLQm r`XQyk~
vQn`X @kr#n awr, m`e~s` pn~s@l~ vQh`r @q`rtR@v| vQX`l kOr#syk~ @k`t`
wQbRNQ. @p`w`s` pn~s@l~ vQX`l {r~m X`l`v gQnQ w#bW@m| vrqt Great
convertion Church pl~lQ@y~ sQtQ wr#NykO aw~adAgOvt @gn a#w. sQqE vR
vQn`Xy @d`lr~ mQlQynyk~ pmN vn bv @c`g~@y~ @b_q~{nQk`@y~ v`r~w`@v|
s[hn~ @vyQ.
@k`rQy`@v| mRl{r~mv`qW kYQs~wQy`nWhR bRqE qhm h[En~vn~nt @y`q`gn~n` aqhs~
kWpyk~ a#w. bRqEqhm pY`@y`~gQk n#w. bRqEqhm m#tQ pQLQmvlt vqQn a`gmkQ.
@y~sR ynR @qvQyn~ vhn~@s~y. X`k&mRnQ s`m`n& mnR;&@ykQ. bRqE qhm
qr~Xnyk~ nQs` @w~r#m| gn~nt am`r#yQ. @qvQyn~ vhn~@s~ vQX~v`s kQrm iw`
phsRyQ. bRq~{`gmt pqnmk~ n#w. bRq~{`gm @l`~ky vnsn qr#NR a`gmkQ.
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
e~v` kL ayt mt vd` wqbl vQX~v`syk~ (@qvQyn~) wQ@yn bvyQ. bW.bW.sW.
pYv^w~wQ 1999 m#yQ 21
If acted on what I believed I, too, could have vandalized
temples. When I consider those who commit such acts I think
to my self that they have a much a stronger faith then me" BBC
- World (TV), Asia Today, May 21.1999 - Lee Bahn Sung
Former Buddhist Turned Christian.
qkONR @k`rQy`@v| bRq~{`gm vQn`X kQrm pQLQb[v xQk;Rn~ mw q vrq p#t@vyQ.
@k`rQy`@v| @b`@h`~ pn~sl~vlQn~ sQqE @k@rn~@n~ avmMOl~ uw~sv p#v#w~vWmyQ.
e~ @vnR@vn~ p#v#w~@vn sRwY @q~Xn` anRv ay @k@rn g`s~wOv @vns~y.
@p`@h`sw~ @b_q~{@y`~ wmn~@g~ mLgQy n$q$y` @kLQn~m amQw`h bRqEn~@g~
@l`vt y#vWmt avX& sRwY v#dQ mRqlk~ @gv` xQk;Rn~ lv` kQyvwQ. qEp~pw~
@b_q~{yn~ xQk;Rn~t @gvn sRU mRqlkQ. e~ anRv @q~Xn` krn sRwYvlQn~
mLgQy ayt amQw`x bRqEn~ LMt y` @n`h#k. mRql~ mqQ nQs` qQv& @l`~kvl
nwr @vwQ.
@k`rQyn~ xQk;Rn~ mLmQnW swQ gNn~ pn~sl~vl wb`@gn sRwY kQymQn~ mRql~
upyn awr, mQnW aU pn~s@l~ w#n~pw~ kQrmt q pn~s@ln~ mRql~ ay@k@r~.
mQnW aU w#n~pw~ krn~@n~ kOmn mh@l~q yn~n wWrNy krn~@n~ @qn mRql~
anRvyQ. ihLm mh@l~ w#n~pw~ k@L`w~ nQvnt kQtQtR bv @k`rQyn~ xQk;RhR
kQywQ.
a#w#m| xQk;RhR bRq~{`g@m| n`m@yn~ upyn mRql~ gQhQyn~ smM ek~v
v&`p`rvlt @y`qvwQ. vQv`h vn nQk`yvl xQk;RhR pvRl~ pn~sl~ pvw~v`@gn
ywQ. @mv#nQ prQsryk~ wOL @k`rQy`@v| bRqEqhm @m@wk~ iwQrQ vW wQbWm q
pRqEmykQ.
qkONR @k`rQy`v smM ss[` bln vQt @k`rQy`vt sm`n prQsryk~ lAk`@v|
q wQ@bn bv @p@n~. qkONR @k`rQy`nRvn~@g~ blp$m q a#wQv a@p~
@b_q~{ur#my v#nsWm q#n~ rt pRr` sQqE@vmQn~ pvwW.
a@p~ r@tQ bRqE pQLQm h` pRr`vs~wO vQn`Xyw~, kYQs~wQy`nQkrNyw~ kQsQqE
b`{`vkQn~ @w`rv sQqE @k@rn~@n~ a#w#m| @q~Xp`lkyn~@g~ h` gQhQ p#v#qQ
@b_q~{n`ykyn~@g~ vrq nQsyQ. ar~bRq mwO vR vQt wm vgkWm| h[En`@gn
s^jR @ls e~v`t m#qQhw~ @n`vWm, hQw`mw`m e~v` @n`slk` h#rm sh a#w#m|
xQk;Rn~@g~ kYQy`k`rkm| @b_q~{ur#my vQn`X krn ayt pQtRvhlk~ vW wQ@b|.
lAk`@v| @b_q~{ur#my vQn`X kQrm g#n @n`slk` h#rm sm|bn~{@yn~
xQk;Rn~ @vw el~lvn @q`~;`@r`~pNy adR v#dQ vn~@n~ gOr# mh`n`yk,
anRn`yk, n`yk, k`rk, pL`w~ n`yk a`qW vX@yn~ xQk;Rn~ qrn
wnwOr#vl blwl pYm`Ny anRvyQ. @q~Xp`lkyn~ nQwrm @b_q~{yn~t
s`{`rNy itR @n`vn a`k`r@yn~ ktyRwO krn bv q p#h#qQlQy.
m#qgm {m|m`nn~q hQmQ
uykqjr wia.sß uyd úydrh
úYaj fldaIfhys nxlrh hkak wre;a
.kajd we;af;a wdrCIl hqO mjqrla f,igh'(A Banker is a
Defensive Military Fortification) nxlrfha Wmam;a;s l:dj
ms<sn`oj úuid ne,Sfï§ thg hqfrdamSh iïNjhla we;s nj
fmkS hk lreKls' ,shqïlre ±kg Ôj;a jk ì%;dkHh m%uqL
hqfrdamdldrh fuu nxlr i`oyd Ör m%isoaêhla Wiq,kafka
iuia : hq f rda m dldrh mq r d we;s nxlr m% u dKh
ksidfjks'±kg ishjilg wêl ld,hlg fmr" bÈlrkakg
fhÿkq ì%;dkHfha fndfyda ksfjiaj, úúO nvqndysrdÈh
.nvd lsÍu i`oyd fmdf<dj hg bÈ flfrk fldgi fi,¾
(Celler) kñka ì%;dkHh cd;slhka y`ÿkajkq ,efí'm<uq jk
f,dal ix.%duhg jvd .=jka m%hdr j,ska .yKj fojk f,dal
ix.%dufha§ tla m%ydr j,ska wdrCIdùu i`oyd hgl fi,¾
keu;s N+.; fldgil ksis jd;dY%h ,nd §fuka ;u ksji ;=<
fm!oa.,sl nxlr ;kd .ekSug ì%;dkHh m%uqL hqfrdamSh
cd;Ska keUqre ù ;sfí'
w`., (TRENCH)” WuÕ (TONNEL) jeks
jpk isxy, NdIdjg tl;= ù jvd;au jHjydrhg ,la jQ
jpkhls' nxlrfha mßKuh wdrïN jkafka w`.,
(TRENCH) ;=<sks' m<uq jk f,dal ix.%duh (THE TRENCH
WAR) ke;akñ w`., hqoaOh f,i kï lrkq ,enqfõ th
hqoaOfha Wmdh ud¾.h f,i w`.< ;=< igka lsÍfï
fya;=fjks'tal hqoaOfha ish¨ md¾Yj i;=rka fj; myr iy
m;myr t,a, lf,a w`., j, neif.k oKl muK ufâ tÍ
isàfuks' fufia wLKavju ufâ neif.k isàu ksid fndfyda
fid,aodÿjka .ek.Ík (Gangrene) jeks wdidokhg f.dÿre
ùfuka Ôú;CIhg m;aj ;sfí'wdidokhg ,laj fin`Mkaf.a
w;a md j, we`.,s mdofha oKysfika my< m%foaY bfíu bj;a
ù (Auto Amputation) hdu fya;=fjka WKavj,g ,la ù ñh
.sh .Kkg jeä msßila ñh f.dia we;af;a wdidokhkA
fya;=fjka nj m<uq jk f,dal ix.%dufha f,aa jel=K b;sydi
l:d j, i`oyka fõ' fuu ld,h jk úg fuu wdidÈ; frda.
;Fjhka myiqfjka u`. yrjd .; yel' m%;sðjl T!IO
(Antibiotics) fidhd f.k fkd;snQ neúka ;Fjh ;j;a W.% ù
;sfí' fuu wdidokhg wu;rj TRENCH MOUTH
,TRENCH FOOT) jeks nelaàßhd wdidokhokhka o me;sr
f.dia ;sfí'
fuu úia;r l, ;Fjh;a" yu ñfok ±ä
iS;,;a ;j ÿrg;a bjid .; fkdyelsj ì%;dkHh iy c¾udkq
fid,aodÿfjda ie`.j Wka w`., j,ska 1914 jif¾ k;a;, od
t,shg meñK lefrd,a .S; .dhkh lrñka" k;a;, ;E.s
yqjudre lr .ksñka tlsfkld je<`of.k iqn m;ñka"
k;a;, od ls%vd lsÍu ksid iqm%lg k;a;,a Èk idu .súiqu
(THE CHRISTMAS TRUCE) we;s ù m<uq jk f,dal
ix.%duhg kej;Sfï ;s; jeàu werö ;sfí'
Bg oYl follg muK miq kej;;a f,dal
hqoaOhl i<l=Kq f,dj mqrd we;s ùfï fya;=fjka w`.,
ixj¾Okhg ,la ù íf,dla yjqia (Block House) iy ms,a
fndlaia (Pill Box) keu;s wdjrK iys; m%d:ñl nxlr
úfYaIh l< t,s nei ;sfí' fuu nxlr j, úfYaI;ajh
jkafka f.dvke.s,af,a Nd.hla fmdf<dj hg;a" b;sßh
fmdf<dj u;= msg;a ùuh' l<ska Ndú;d l< w`., j,g fuka
msg;ska jeisÈh .,d taula fkdùh' tfukau nxlrh ;=<
fmdf<djo fldklÜ oud ilia lr ;snQ neõka we;=<;ska
uvùulao fkdùh' fojk f,dal hqoaOfha§ hqfrdamh mqrd
;eKqk nyq;rhl nxlr íf,dla yjqia fyda ms,a fndlaia
cd;sfha tajd úh'wo hqfrdamh mqrd fYaIj mj;skafka fulS
nxlrhkah' f,dal m%cdj w;f¾ nxlrh jvd;a m%p,s; jQfha
1940 oYlfha fojk f,dal hqoaOh;aiu`. f,dj mqrd me;=reKq
wdl%uKsl ìh fya;= fldg f.kh' fmr lS mßÈ fojk f,dal
hqoaOfha .=jka m%ydr n,j;a ùu fya;= fldg f.k bka wdrCId
ùu i`oyd nxlrh ñ; yuqodjkag fukau " c¾udkq kdi
yuqodjkag /ljrK imhkakla úh' tjl m%xYfha iy
c¾uksfha w;yer oukq ,enQ m;, nxl¾ njg mßj¾;kh
úh' m<uq jk f,dal ix.%dufha w.,j, isg ú`È mSvdj, w`ÿre
u;lh ksid fulS nxl¾ ks¾udKh jQfha tl wvq mdvq u`.
yrjd f.kh' fojk f,dal hqoaOfha wjOdkh Èkd .kq ,nk
iqúfYaI nxlrhg ks¾udKh lf<a weâf,d*yÜ,¾ úisks' th
mDDy¾ nxl¾ (Fuhrer Bunker) kï úh' fuu nxlrfha ksudj
iy tys b;sydi l;dj nxlr ms<sn`oj Wkkaÿjkakla
úfYaIfhkau yeoEßh hq;a;ls'
fuu nxlrh "nxlr folla tl;= fldg
;kk ,oaols'tfia tl;=jQ wfkla nxlrh (Vor Bunker) fjd
nxl¾ kï " fuu
nxlrhg my<ska yÜ,¾f.a nxlrh
bÈúK' fuu nxl¾ ixlS¾Kh óg¾ y;rl muK >Klïj
fldklÜ ;Ügqqjlska y;r w;ska wdrCId ù ;sìK' fuh l,ska
i`oyka l< ms,a fndlaia fyda íf,dla yjqia wdldrfha ir,
nxlrhl fkdj ish¨ myiqlñka imsß fldg mjrl th
ldur ;sylska muK iukaú; jQjls'
f,dalh mqrd lDDr f,i m;=rjk ,o ;u
wKil y;r w;ska .s,sfyñka ;snqK wjêhl yÜ,¾ fuu
nxlrh lrd fiakaÿ úh' f,dalh È.a úch fldg ilaú;s
lsre< ±Íug isysk ujñka isá úhre hqoldñhd 1945 ckjdß
ui 16 Èk ìx mKqjl= f,i i;=rkaf.ka fíÍu i`oyd N+.;
úh'Tyq iu`. nxl¾ .;j ;syl muK fiajl uKav,h w;r
Bjd njk" udáka fnduk" gDv,a cx.ð (TRUDLE JUNGE)"
frdIi ñiÉ iy Tyqf.a m%pdrl wud;Hh fcdima f.dfn,i "
u.od (Magda) f.dfn,I iu`. orejka ih fokd;a
jQy'ysÜ,¾f.a nxlrfha úiqfõ Tyq yd Bjd njk muKls' th
úÑ;%j w,xlrKh fldg ;nQ nxlrhls' kqÿrej mysá
pdkai,¾ ksjig /f.k wd jákd .Dy NdKavhka f.ka iy
w,xldr f;,a idhñ Ñ;%hka f.ka nxlrh Tma kexù ;sìK'
1945 jif¾ wfm%a,a ui 22"23 Èkhka jk úg f,daflg f,dlald
úfñ oj,a ySkh yÜ,¾f.a uki ;=<ska uÈka uo fndo fjñka
;sìK' fidajhÜ r;= yuqod n¾,kh y;r jáka jg lsÍu;a
iu`. nxl¾ wêrdcHhfhka tld fokakd yÜ,¾j ;ksfldg
m,d hkakg jQy'm,d hdfuka m,la fkdjk nj o;a yÜ,¾ ;j
ÿrg;a nxlrh ;=<u úiSug ;SrKh lf<ah'
1945 wfm%a,a ui 29 jkod nxlrhl ;=< isÿ
flreK iqúfYaI újdy ux.,Hh isÿjqfha weâf,d*a ysÜ,¾
iy Bjd njk w;rh' fuu újdy ux.,Hh wfma%,a 29 od
uOHu rd;%sfha tkï 30 jksod w`Mhu isÿ lrk ,È' iú,
újdyfhka wk;=rej mdkaor y;rg muK yÜ,¾ iy Bjd
wjidk rd;%sfha yxi .S;h i`oyd hyka .; jQy' 30 jkod
uOHykfha yÜ,¾ ;u mCI f,aLï udáka fndudk iu`. flá
idlÉpdjla meje;a jQ w;r ta jk úg ;u mrdch
fkdj,elaúh yels nj iel yer ±k .;af;ah' miajre 2'30
g muK Bjd iy yÜ,¾ tf;la l,la ;ukag fiajh l<
nxlrfha fiajjl fiaúldjka fj; fm!oa.,slju f.dia
ish,a,kagu ia;+;sh mqo fldg iuqf.k nxlrfha wOHhk
ldurhg (Study Room) we;=,a jQy'fñ jk úg fidaúhÜ r;=
yuqodj m%foaYfha n,h Tjqka fj; k;= lr f.k ñ; yuqod
Oc k/rh ;=< Tijk ,oafoah' msg;ska wefik ch f>daId
kdoh wid isá nxlr jdiSka ish,a,kaf.u wjOdkh bka
ì§.sfha miajre ;=khs ;syg muK wOHhk ldurh ;=,ska
ke.=Kq fjä yvlsks'jyd tfoig Èj .sh msßig olskskg
,enqfka ksláka f,a j.=rjd f.k jeà isák yÜ,¾ f.a m%dKh
ksreoaO jQ isrerh'fidmdfú jï miska jQfha Bjd njkf.a
isrerh weh ihkhsâ jeks úIla YÍr .; fldg ish Èú f;dr
fldg f.k ;snqKs' iajlSh iajdñhdf.a fÄodka; wjidkh ÿgq
fcdaima f.dfn,i iy u.od f.dfn,i iajlSh oE;skau
orejka ih fokd yg ji§ Ôj;CIhg m;a fldg B,. Èkfha
^uehs 01&tl y,d y, úI Tjqka fofokdo mdkh lsÍfuka
iajlSh Ôú; w;ay,y'mn, kdglh W;mdihla okjk fulS
isÿùï fm< fl;rï §¾> jqjo fufy,d igyk lrkq ,enqfõ
ienE ðú;fhka m,df.dia nxlr .;ù fyda ;u is;e`.s bgq
lr .ekSug l%shd l< úhre taldêm;shlf.a fYdapkSh
wjidkh ms<sn`oj lshd mEugh'
ysÜ,¾ f.a nxlrh 1947 § fidaúhÜ yuqod
úiska mqmqrejd yeÍug l< m%h;akh jH¾: jqfha tys ;snqQ
Yla;s iïmkak nj ksiduh' bka isÿ jQfha udhsï ì;a;shlg
muKla ydks isÿùu muKs' kej; 1959 jif¾§ o kef.kysr
c¾udkq rch fuu nxlrh msmsrùug ;e;a l<o m%;sM,h
fmr mßÈu úh' hqO b;sydifha jvd;au ckm%sh nxlrh jk
fuh fufia mqmqrejd,Sug c¾udkq rchka W;aidy .;af;a fuh
fofjd,la fldg f.k kej;kdijd§ fyd,auka c¾uksh ;=<
we;sùu je<elaùu i`oydh' wo fuu ia:dkfha idmamq
ixlS¾Khl iy úYd, r:.d,la bÈ fldg we;'nxlrh
;snqKq ia:dkh iksgqyka lsÍu i`oyd iure M,lhla 2006
jif¾ cqks ui 08 jeks Èk újD; l< w;r tu pdï W;aijh
i`oyd tod nxlr ;=< fiajh l< whf.ka wo ðj;a jk tlu
;eke;a;sh jk yÜ,¾f.a ÿrl:k l%shdlrjkaksh jQ ±kg
wiQ mia yeúßÈ úfha miqjk frdpia ñiÉ (Roches Mishes)
keu;a;sh o iyNd.s jQjdh'
ysÜ,¾f.a nxlrhg m%;suqLj ì%;dkHh ;=<
fojk f,dal ix.%dufha bÈl< nxlr mjr leìkÜ hqO ldur
(Cabinet War Rooms) kï fõ'th 1938 jif¾ bÈ lrk
,oaols' uOHu ,kavkfha "fikÜ fïi md¾ly msysgd we;'
fuu nxlrfha Wv uy, j¾:udkfha ì%;dkHh uyd
rdðKshf.a NdKavd.drh (HM Treasury) msysgd ;sfí' tjl
ì%;dkHh w.%dud;H OQrh ±rE úkaikaÜ p¾Ñ,f.a hqO
leìfkÜgqj /ia jQfha fuu ia:dkfha§h' is;shï ldurh
(Map Room) ys isá p¾Ñ, uy;d rKìfuys isák ì%;dkHh
yuqodjkag úOdk ksl=;a lf<ah' wlalr ;=kl muK N+ñ
Nd.hl bÈlr we;' fuu mßY%fha fmdf<dj hg wx.kh
iSñ; tlls' p¾Ñ, Ndú;d l< jeisls<sh f,i olajd
13
we;'ia:dkfha msysgd ;sfnkafka p¾Ñ,g fl,skau weußldkQ
ckdêm;s rEifj,aÜ yg weu;sh yels jQ ÿrl;k moaO;shhs'
fuu nxlrh fl;rï ryia.; wdldrhg mej;afka o h;a
1984 jif¾ fuh uyck m%o¾Ykhg õjD; lrk f;la th
ryilaj mej;=Ks'wo tys kv;a;= lghq;= isÿ lrkq ,nkafka
wêrdcHh hqO fl!;=ld.drh (Imperial War Museum) u`.sks'
nxl¾ jxY l;dfõ uE; ld,S k
m%jK;djhka f.k ne,Sfï§ y;r jáka iy .=jkska .,d tk
m%ydrhkaf.ka wdrCIdùu i`oyd ;re mfya nxlrhlg jeo
ldu iqL,a,sldKq Èúhl .e, igk wjidkfha ;j;a
fYdapkSh brKulg f.dÿrej uE; ld,Sk mqoa.,hd
brdlfha ydgmq ckdêm;s iodï yqfiaka uy;dh' Tyqf.a Ôj
o;a; iy ls%hdldrlï ms<sn`oj f,dal ckudOHh m;a;r msgq
fgdka .Kka fï jk õg ,shd we;s neúka ta ms<sn`o jeä
úia;r wkjYHhh'Tyq;a Tyq iu`. iqmsß nxlr mßyrKh
l< Wfo iy lfia mq;=ka fofokd;a wo u<jqka w;rh'
fojk f,dal hqO iufha§ ì%;dkHh wdhqO
ie,iqïlrefjla jk ndkia fjd,sia (Banues Wallis) úiska
nxl¾ ìo,kakd (BUNKER BUTER) kñka fndañn folla
ie,iqï fldg ksIamdokh lf<ah'fgdka myl muK n/;sj
fgd,a fndhs (Tall Boy) iy fgdka oyhl muK nrj .a?kaâ
ia,Eï (Grand Slam) ;j ;j;a mßKduhg ,la fjñka 1991
we;s jQ brdl l=fõÜ hqoaOfha§ weußldj úiska w;ayod n,k
,§'tal w;ayod ne,Sfï§ brdl cd;sl l=vd orejka iy
Tjqkaf.a uõjreka /lj,a f.k isá wä 16 l muK
>Klulska hqla; jQ fldklÜ nxlrhla lemS .sfha uqjy;a
msyshlska fj`vre msvla lemShk wdldrhg nj tl, ckudOH
jd¾:d fldg ;sìK'j¾:udk f,dalfha wxl tfla ;%ia;jdÈhd
f,i weußldj úiska y`ÿkajk Tidud ìka ,dâka
we*a.ksia:dkfha fgdrd - fndrd (Tora- Bora) m%foaYfha
fmdf<dj hg ;ekQ w;s iqfLdamfnda.S fldgq mjqrlg ù
lmlg 9 $11 ;%iajdÈ m%ydrh ie<iqñ l< nj lS weußldj
ñ; yuqodjkaf.ao iyh we;sj uq`M m%foaYhu fndaïn fy<d
tlu ÿyqú,a,l fldg ^fgdrd- fnrd hkafkys w¾:ho l`M
ÿyqú,a, -Black Dust hkakh&tl nxl¾ wêrdcH w,a,d
.;a;o th b;du m%d:ñl uÜgfï nxl¾ fm<l nj Tmamq
ùfuka fiajfha ienE iajrEmh bka ukd fia ms<sìUq úh’
fuu ,smsfhys ,d i`oyka l< hq;= iqúfYaIu lreK jkafka
nxlrh j¾:udk weußldkQ ixialD;sfha m%Odkdx.hla njg
m;aj ;sîuh' fuh werUqfka iS;, hqO iufha (Clold War)
we;súh yels hehs wkquk flreK kHIaál hqoaOfhka
(Nuclear War) wdrCId ùfï mshjrla jYfhks'fï i`oyd
weußldkqjka ;u ksfjia j, msgqmi wx.khkays nelahdâ
f*d,jqÜ fI,ag¾ia (Back yard fallout shelters) kñka nxlr
úfYaIhla ;kjkakg fhÿKs' wkQj oYlh uq, yßh jk úg
iS;, hqoaOh wyjr ù kHIaál hqoaOhl ìh myjqjo " wo;a
wefußldfõ ckm%sh wx.hl lreKq fufia fydhk wefußld
tlai;a ckmohg wd.ukh jk ,dxlslhka fulS yriqk
ixialD;dx. Nod je<`o .ekSu wreuhla fkdjk nj jegyS
hkafka Y%s ,xldfõ rc jdi, nxl¾ fhdackd ù Èidj ms<sn`oj
úuid ne,Sfuks'
by;ska kso¾YKd;aulj bÈßm;a l<
lreK ueÈy;a is;ska úuikafkl=g meyeÈ,sj fmkS hk
lreK kï l< mõ j,ska fìÍug iy i;=rka w;am;a fkdù
isàug ìx mKqjl= .evú,l= fia mDIaG jxYfha isg wmDIaG
jxYhg wj.ukhj f,dal kdhlldrd§k ;u Ôú;
fÅodka;hlska wjika fldg .;a njh' kuq;a 1914 jif¾
k;a;, od N+.; f,dalfhka bj;g ú;a ;u m<u¨k iu`.
w; je,a neo f.k lefrd, .S; .dhkd l< m<uqjk f,dal
ix.%dufha fid,aodÿjka w;aú`o ÿgq idufha wisßh
ljrl,lj;a ìx mKqjl= f,i rEmdk;rKh jfjlg ,eìh
fkdyel hk ikd:k úYaj i;Hh wm Wmka rfÜ W;=rg
fukau ol=Kg o fmdÿ idOlhla nj wjidk jYfhka
i`oyka lrkq leue;af;ñ’
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
fofk;
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
filaid iudc i;aldr ms<sn| ore ±ßhkaf.a woyia
f.!rjkSh kdhl yduqÿrejka fj;"
Tn jykafia ksfrda.S iqjfhka ld,h .; lrkq we;ehs is;ñ' oS¾>
ld,hlska Tn jykafiaf.a iqjÿla oek ;ekSug ,smshla tjkag fkdyels ùu .ek
lk.dgq fjñ' ud osk lSmhlau ñkqjkaf;dv fn!oaO uOHia:fkhg l;d l,d' túg
oek.;a;d Tn jykafia ,xldjg jeu lr kej; m%xYhg jeäh nj' Tn jykafiag
ud w÷kd.kakg wmyiq we;s' uu koSId' wfma f.j,a ;sfhkafka f;d;auf,a' yh
uil mrs.Kl mqyqKqj ,eîfuka miqj uu fn!oaO uOHia:dkfha jir tl ydudrl
muK ld,hla ug yels whqrska uf.a oekqu ,xldfõ oi w;ska meñKs ud jf.au
ÿmam;a ifydar ifydarshka iuÕ fnod .;a;d' uu i;=gq fjkjd Tn jykafia ,la
forfKa wysxil orejka fjkqfjka lrK i;aldrhg ug;a wxY= ud;%hla fyd odhl
ùug ,eîu .ek'
b;ska yduqÿrejfka .sh jif¾ uu Wiia fm, úNd.hg fmkS isáhd cSj
úoHd wxYfhka' thska iu;aùug ug Nd.H Wodjqkd' Ôj úoHdjg î idu¾:hl=;a
fN!;sl yd ridhk úoHdj i|yd iS idu¾: foll=;a ,nd .ekSug ug yels jqkd'
uf.a osia;%Sla l=Y,;d wxlh 44 ' b;ska uu b;d i;=áka l,a .; lrkjd' fï jif¾
ueo Nd.h jk úg ug iriú m%fõYh ,efíú' uu ffjoH úoHd,hg fyd oka;
ffjoH úoHd,hg we;=,aùug n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjkjd'
fkdfhl=;a lï lfgd¿ ndOl ueo uu bf.k .;af;a yduqÿrejfka'
iuyrodg mka;s .sh;a ojfiu nv.skafka b|,d ;sfhkjd' flfia uu uf.a Ôú;h
ch.;a;d' ug m%Yak f.dvla ;snqKd' tu m%Yak uf.a wOHdmkhg ndOd fkdjk mrsos
uu uf.a lghq;= lrf.k .shd' ug wfmdi idudkH fm, úNd.fhkq;a tA idud¾: 9
la iy î idud¾:hla ,nd .;a wfhla' uf.a foudmshka oeka jhig .syska' l=,S jev
lr,d ;uhs ;d;a;d wmg b.ekakqfj' bosrsfhaoS uf.a wOhdmk lgqhq;= j,g úhoï
lsrSug foudmshkag yelshdjla we;aoehs ug ielhs' ks;ru Tjqka frda.S fjkjd'
uf.a kx.S;a fujr Wiia fm< úNd.hg iQodkï fjkjd' wef.a ch.%yKh;a ug br
y| jf.a úYajdihs'
wm fofokd iriú ìug we;=,a jqkdg miafi wêl úhoula orkakg
isÿfjkjd' uf.a wOHdmk lgqh;= w;ruÕ k;r lrkakg fõo lshd ug ielhl=;a
;sfhkjd' flfia fyda foudmshkaf.a wirk n,dfmsfrd;a;= bIag lsrSug osjd ?
fjfyfikjd'
b,ska yduqÿrejfka Tn jykafia wmg f.kSug w; ÿkakd' thg wfkal jdrhla
ia;=;s fjkjd' uf.a wOHdmk lghq;= bosrshg f.khdug YsIhdOdrhla ,nd .ekSug
ug Woõ lrK f,i b,a,d isákjd' b,a¨ï m;%hla b,a,d wou ,smshla
ñkqjkaf.dvg ;eme,a lrKjd' tu YsIH;ajhla ,nkakg uu iqÿiqlï we;af;lah
lsh, uu is;kjd' uf.a bosrs úYaj úoHd, wOHdmk lghq;= lrf.k hduf ug Woõ
lrK f,i Tn jykafiaf.ka ldreKslj b,a,d isákdjd'
m%xYfha Y%S ,dxld wOhHdmksl ixialD;sl yd idudÔh ixúOdkfha
fufyhùfhka wur ksrxc,d .=kfialr hqj,f.ka wdOdr ,nd
wOHdmkh lr ffjoH úoHd,hg f;arS wOHdmkh ,nk isiqúhla tjQ
,smshls fï
uf.a wxlh 900 $20
.re iajaókajykai"
Tn jykafia iqfjka we;ehs is;ñ' ál osklska Tn jykafiag
,smshla ,sùhg fkdyels ùu .ek iudj whosñ'
Fïoskj, wmg ffjoH úoHd,fha ksjdvq ld,hls' wfma ffjoH
úoHd mfGud,dfõ m%:u lvbï úNd.h miq.sh ud¾;= ui meje;aùfhka
miq kj wOhdmk jdrh werfUk ;=re fï oskj, ksjfia /oS isáñ' tu
úNd.fha (2nd MBBS) m%;sM, miq ;sh 6 jk osk ksl=;a úh' tu
úNd.fhka uu iu;a ù we;s nj i;=áka okajñ' úIhka ;=klska
úNd.hg fmkS isá w;r tu úIhka ;=fkkau iu;aùu Nd.Hhla fldg
i<lñ'
Wm hy¿ fhfy,shka fndfyda .Kkla úNd.h wiu;a ùu
lk.dgqjg lreKls' Tjqka ;j udi follska úNd.hg fmkS isáh
hq;=h' tu úNd.fhka miq wmf.a kh woHdmk jdrh werfUhs' úNd.
m%;sM, f,aLkh ;ju wm fj; ,eî ke;' th ,o miq Tn jykafiag
tys fldmshla tùug lghq;= lrñ' fï ,smsh iuÕ wur .=kfialr
uy;dgo uu ,smshla hejQfjñ' t;=ud ud fj; jir 10 lg fmr
msrskuk ,o YsIHdOdrfha uqo,a ;ju;a ud fj; ,efnhs' oeka oeka Ôjk
úhou by, f.dia we;' oeka wfma rfÜ Ôj;aùu b;d wmyiq ld¾hhla
njg m;aù we;' wOHdmk lghq;= i|yd hk úhouo b;d wêlh"
udfj; oekg ,efnk YsIH;aj wdodr uqo,a tA i|yd lsisfia;au
m%udKj;a ke;' fuf.a foudmshkago ud fjkqfjka úhoï lsrSu b;d
wmyiq ù we;' Tn jykafia ffjoH isiqka fjkqfjka msrkuk
YsIH;ajhla ud fj;o ,nd fokafka kïuf.a wOhdmk lghq;= lrf.k
hdug th n,j;a rel=,la jkq we;' ud fj, Wm ldr lsrSug bosrm;ajQ
Tn jykafiag;a xur .=kfialr uy;dg;a uu ieuod Kh .e;s fjñ'
bosrshg;a Tn jykafiaf.a Wmldrh yd wdYS¾jdoh ud fj; ,ndfokq
we;ehs is;ñ' Tn jykafiag ksÿla kSfrda.S iqj oS¾>dhqI ,efíjdhs m;ñ'
fuhg úYajdiS
YsIH;aj ,dNS YsIHdj
bf¾Id ;rx.kS iqukisrs
Tn jykafiag f;rejka irKhs
uu koSId ,lañks rdcj¾Ok
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
fofk;
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
w;s W;a;u nqÿrcdKka jykafia
@l`v @m@wk~ phLvR uwOm|m mnR;&y` @l`vRwOr` bRqErj`Nn~
vhn~@s~yQ. uw~pw~wQ@y~ sQt prQnQr~v`Ny qk~v`m "mm mnR;&@yk~mQ" yQ
kQy`gw~ ekm X`s~w^n~ vhn~@s~q bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~yQ. bRqErj`Nn~
vhn~@s~ @qvQ@yk~, g`n~{r~v@yk~, IX~vr@yk~, bYh~m@yk~, @q~v
pRwY@yk~ @h`~ sr~vbl{`r @qvQ@yk~ @n`@v|. @m| mnR;& @l`~k@yhQ
mQnQsRn~ awr ipqW, mQnQsRn~ awrm h#qW v#dW bRq~{w~vy nm| uwOm| nRvN
av@b`~{kr g#nW@mn~ uwOm| mnR;&@yk~ bvt pw~vRh.
bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~@g~ uw~pw~wQy, bRq~{w~vy h` mh` prQnQr~v`Ny
yn @wmMOl sQqEvR @vsk~ pRn~ @p`@h`~ qQn@y~ qW bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~
kvRq#yQ hrQh#tQ @w~r#m| g#nWmt uw~s`h q#rm s#q#h#vw~ @b_q~{ykO
vQsQn~ kL yRwO mRlQkm k`r~yy vn~@n~y. ey ewrm|m @l@hsQ phsR
k`r~yyk~ nm| @n`vn~@n~y. nmRw~ ey kL yRwOm @vyQ.
"@y` {m|mA ps~swQ, @s` mA ps~swQ" ynR@vn~ vk~klW h`mRqEr#vn~t
vq`L bN pqyq ap@g~ sQhQyt n#@gyQ. mvQsQn~ vq`L e~ @@ny&r~`wQk
{r~my nRvNQn~ qkQn~n` hrQytm m` qkQn~@n~y ynR ehQ aqhsyQ. wmn~
vhn~@s~@g~ anRpm r$p sm|pw~wQyt vXWvW e~ @qsm bl` sQtW@mn~ nQvWm
h` s#nsWm lb`gw h#kQ y#yQ sQwS vk~klW h`mRqEr#vn~t nRvN#s
phLvWmt e~ @q~Xn`vm @h~wO vQy. bRq~{{r~my wOLQn~ @mn~m bRq~{crQwy
wOLQn~q bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ uwOm| mnR;&@yk~ bv @w~r#m| g#nWmt a#wQ
nQqsRn~ apYm`Ny.
jWvm`nv v#dsQtQ w}`gwyn~ vhn~@s~ qQnk~ uk~ktQT` ngrytw~,
@swv&` ngrytw~ awrQn~ v#tW a#wQ gOr# p`@r~ wnQvm v#dm vRh. gOr#
p`rk gmn~ kL vQt gmn~ krn~n`@g~ p` sthn~ ehQ qk~nt l#bWm
s~vx`vQky. tQk qErk~ @m| gOr# p`@r~ iqQrQyt v#dmvR bRqErj`Nn~
vhn~@s~ vQd` sAsQ[Ev` g#nWm s[h` p`r aq~qr gsk~ yt tQk @v|l`vk~
v#d sQtQyh. bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ v#dQy tQk @v|l`vkt psRv @qY`~N
nm|vR bmR@Nk~q @m| gOr# p`r qQ@g~m iqQrQyt gmn~ k@L~y. wm`t klQn~
@m| gOr# p`@r~ kQsQ@vkO gmn~ @k`t a#wQ bv p` sthn~ anRv bmRN`t
v#thRNQ. @qY`N~ bmRN` p` sthn~ aw~ sthn~ pQLQb[ X`s~wY@y~
pr@wrt p#mQNQ@ykQ. e~ nQs`m ohR klQn~ gmn~@k`t a#wQ pRq~gly`@g~
p` sthn~ blmQn~ sQtQyq wm`t klQn~ gmn~@k`t a#wQ pRq~gly`
pQLQb[v kQsQvk~ sQw` g#nWmt ohRt nRpRUvn~ vQy. @k@s~ @vww~ bmRN`
iqQrQyt gmn~ k@L~y. p`r ayQ@n~ gsk~ yt bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ v#d
sQtQwQ. e@hw~ bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ kvRq#yQ kQy` h#[QnWmk~ bmRN`t
n#w. bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ smWpyt gQy bmRN`,
"ob @qvQ@yk~q? kQy` a#sWy. "n#h# mm @qvQ@yk~ @n`@vmQ" yQ
bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ pQLQwOr# qEn~h.
uwOm| mnR;&@ykO h` s`m`n& mnR;&ykO awr pvw~n` @vnsq
@myQn~ p#h#qQlQ @vyQ. k`m`qQ a`XYv {r~myn~@gn~ mQqENR bRq~{`qQ
m@h`~w~wmyn~ vhn~@s~l` uwOm| mnR;&@y`~ @vwQ. e@hw~ eb[E
uwO@m`~q mQnQs~ Xrr a#wQv @m| @l`~ky wOLm ap awrm jWvw~ @vwQ.
bRq~{w~v@yn~ psRv gwkL pn~s`LQs~ vsrk~ vR bRq~{jWvQw k`ly
wOL pYkt k@L~ @m| uwOm| mnR;&w~vy yQ. e~ pn~s`LQs~ vsrk~
mRUl~@l~ @q~Xn` @k`t vq`L sRv`sR qhsk~ {r~m s~kn~{@yn~q pYkt
k@L~ e~ uw~wrwr mnR;&w~vy yQ. bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ s[h` e~k
pRq~gl, ac|cry mnRs~s, uw~wr mnRs~s, ac|crQy pRg~gl yn vcn
@pL @p`w~vl @yqW a#w. bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ a`X~cr~y
mnR;&@ykQ. uN~vhn~@s~t sm kLh#kQ @vnw~ mnR;&@yk~q n#w.
enQs` asmsm yn~nq un~vhn~@s~ s[h` @yqW a#w. bRqErj`Nn~
vhn~@s~t smkL h#k~@k~ a`X~cr~y mnR;&@yk~ vR wvw~ bRqErj`Nn~
vhn~@s~ nmk~ pmNQ.
sQqEhw~ kOmr` upn~@n~ sRq~@{`~qn, mh`m`y` yn m`pQy @qpLt q`v
mnR;& qr#@vk~ vX@ynQ. bRq~{gy`@v| @b`~m#dqW pv| @k@LsRn~ ns`
sm|m` sm|bRqE bvt pw~vW@mn~ psRv uwOm| mnR;&ykO vX@yn~
pn~s`LQs~ vsrk~ v#d sQtQyh. mQnQskO vX@yn~ lbn a`yR vL[`
asR@vnQ vQ@y~qW pQrQnQvn~ p` vq`Lh. @p`qE@v| mQnQsRn~ wOL pvw~n`
r`g, q~@v|;, @m`~h, mqm`n, Ir~;&`, @kY`~{a`qW ekq k~@l~X
{r~myk~vw~ un~vhn~@s~ wOL @n`vWy. e@s~m uq`r mQnQskO wOL
pmNk~ qk~nt l#@bn @@mwYW, kr#N`, mRqQw`, u@p~k~;`, XWl,
sm`{Q, pYZ` a`qW uwOm| gON bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ wOL pQr iwQr
wQbRNQ.
bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ m#vRm|k`r@yk~ @h`~ g#lvRm|k`r@yk~ @n`@vwQ.
sr~vbl{`r @qvQykO vX@yn~q un~vhn~@s~ @m| @l`~kyt
@n`p#mQNQyh. un~vhn~@s~@g~ k`r~yy vR@y~ qEkQn~ mQqW@m| m`r~gy
@pn~v`qWm pmNQ. "an~w` aw~w@n` n`@}` @k`hQ n`@}` p@r`sQy`"
ynR@vn~ wm`t pQhQt wm`my, anQ@kk~ @k@s~ pQhQt @vw~q#yQ
p#h#qQlQvm vq`Lh.
meúÈ Èúfhka 40 jirla imqrk
mQcHmdo jf.af.dv iS,dkkao kdysñ
"e@s~ nm| ob g`n~{r~v@yk~q#yQ a#sWy. n#h# mm g`n~{r~v@yk~
@n`@vmQ" yQ bRqEhR pQLQwOr# qEn~h.
"e@s~ nm| ob amnR;&@yk~ q#yQ bmRN` a#sWy. "n#h# mm amnR;&@yk~ b;d,sfha isis,s fn!oaO úydrfha úydrdêm;s w;s mQcH
Ydia;%m;s mQcHmdo jf.af.dv iS,dkkao ysñmdKka
@n`@vmQ" yQ bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ pQLQwOr# qEn~h.
jykafiaf.a meúÈ Èúfhka 40 jirla msrSu ksñ;sfldg f.k
"e@s~ nm| ob mnR;&@yk~q#yQ bmRN` an~wQmt a#sWy. n#h# mm Wkajykafif.a wd.ñl cd;sl f,dal Ydiksl ixialD;sl yd
idudðl lghq;= ms<sn`oj flá úia;rhla lsÍug ,eîu ud
mnR;&@yk~q @n`@vmQyQ bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ pQLQwOr# qEn~h.
bmRN_ m` @qvQ@yk~ y#yQ kW@y~ nm| @qvQyn~ LM wQ@bn k`m`qQ a`XYv
{r~m m` LM wQbQy yRwOy. nmRw~ m` LM ev#nQ a`XYv {r~m n#w. e~ nQs`
mm @qvQ@yk~ @n`@vmQ. g`n~{r~v@yk~, amnR;&@yk~, mnR;&@yk~ kW@y~
nm| e~ ay wOL wQ@bn a`XYv {r~m m` LMw~ wQbQy yRwOyQ. nmRw~ m` LM
ev#nQ a`XYv {r~m n#w. emnQs` mm g`n~{r~v@yk~, amnR;&@yk~,
s`m`n& mnR;&@yk~q @n`@vmQ.
e@s~ nm| ob kvRq#yQ avs`n@y~ qW @qY`~N bmRN` a#sWy. bmRN, mm uwOm|
mnR;&@yk~mQyQ, bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ pQLQwOr# qEn~h. klQn~ "mm
mnR;&@yk~ @n`@vmQ" yQ pYk`X @k`t, n#vw "mm uwOm| mnR;&@yk~
@vmQ" yQ krn lq pYk`Xy @w~r#m| g#nWmt bmRN`t @n`h#kQ vQy.
emnQs` bmRN` em k`rNy p#h#qQlQ kr@qn @ls bRqErj`Nn~
vhn~@s~@gn~ il~l` sQtQyh. bmRN ob vQ@lk pQpW wQ@yn @nUm| ml~
q#k wQ@b|q? e@s~y mm q#k a#w~@wmQ. bmRN m@d|vw~, vwO@rvw~ g$vW
g$vW @nUmk~ pQpW wQ@ynv` ob q#k wQ@b|q? bmRN` tQkk~ hQw` mw`
pQLQwOr# qEn~@n~y. n$ m` q#k n#w. bmRN @nUm| gs h#@qn~@n~,
@g`hRr# m@d| apQrQsQqE vwO@r~. nmRw~ m@d|vw~ vwO@rvw~ g$vW g$vW
@nUmk~ pQ@pn~@n~ n#h#. @nUm| mlk~ pQpW wQ@yn~@n~ mdw~ vwOrw~
ik~mvl` aMl~ kWpyk~ udQn~. bmRN m`w~ e@s~myQ. m`w~ @m| @l`~k@y~
ipqQl`, h#qQl` v#dQl` @l`~ky smgw~, @l`~ky` smgw~ @n`a#lW,
@n`b#[W, @n`g#tW @nUm| mlk~ v@g~ in~nv`. emnQs` m` vQlk pQpW
wQ@yn @nUm| mlk~ v@g~y# bRqErj`Nn~ vhn~@s~ vq`Lh.
12
,o Nd.Hla fldg i,lñ'
wm l:dkhlhka jykafiaf.a ckau,dNh ,enQ
msïìu jkqfha f,djg to;a wo;a ljo;a hï fufyjrla
l,dkï th reyqKq mqrjrfhka ckau,dNh ,enQ mqKH
jka;fhlauh tanj ikd; lrñka reyqKq mqrjrfha ud.ï
m;a;=fõ yïnkaf;dg Èia;%lhg wh;a jf.af.dv kï jQ
ukialdka; .%dufhys iqÔj;aj isák ud.ïuqo,sf.a *ekaisia
uy;dg iy kkaodj;S talkdhl hk okam;Skaf.a
uõmshkagodj 1955-12-12 jk Èk fuf<dj ckau,dNh ,eîh'
<udl, isg nqÿoyu ms<sn`o wiSu; Y%oaOdj fukau Ydik ,eÈ
ls%hdldrlï m%lg l, l=,l=urejd ks;r neÆ uõ msh fom,
fï mq;=ka kï ljodfyda meúÈfjk njg m<uqj fmrksñ;s
ÿgqy' Tyq tnj m%lg lrñka 12 jk jhig meñKs 1967 uehs
ui 22 jk Èk fjilamqr mfif<diajl fmdfyda Èkfha§ w;s
mQcHmdo .,.u YS% fÄ udkkaodNsodk kdhl iajdñkaøhka
jykafiaf.a YsIH ysñkula f,i yïnkaf;dg Èia;S%lfha
rkakjdä., msysá ;u ksjfia§u jf.af.dv iS,dkkao kñka
m%jD¾cd N+ïhg m;aúh'
t;eka mgka Wkajykafia wïn,kaf;dg Ñrm%isoaO
fft;sydisl f:armq;a;dNh rdcuyd úydria:dkfha§ uQ,sl
nK oyï b;d ´kElñka bf.k lshd .;ay' bka wk;=rej
uQ,sl msßfjka wOHmkh ioyd ;x.,a, YS% OïuÈkak msßfjk
ud;r Y%S mqIamdrdu msßfjka j,§o uQ,sl msßfjka wOHmkh
,enQy' miq l,l§ jeäÿr wOHdmkh yeoEÍu ioyd ud;r YS%
iqo¾Ys msßfjkg we;=,;a ù tu msßfjfkka Wiia wOHmkh
,nk ,§'
09
fufia ;u wOHmkh lghq;= isÿlrf.k hk w;r
jdrfha§ Wka jykafia 20 jhia mQ¾K ùfuka 1979 fha cQks ui 03
jeks Èk uykqjr fft;sydisl u,aj;= uyd úydrhSh Wfmdai;d
.drfha§ úu, l%S¾;s Y%S iquk mKaä; isßu,a j;af;a w;s mQcH
uydkdhl wdkkaodNsodk uyd kdhl udysñmdKka jykafia
m%Odk W;a;Í;r ix> iNdj u.ska wêiS, ixLHd; Wmiïmod
iS,fhys msysg jQy'
Wkajykafia 1979 jif¾ § ud;r uyd uka;%skao
msßfjfka mßmd,k lghq;= lsÍug m;a jQy' tys§ ish`t
fokdf.a is;a we`o ne`o .kakd whqßka md,k lghq;= l%uj;aj
isÿl<y' tfia mßmd,k lghq;= isÿ lrñka isák w;r;=f¾§
Wkajykafiaf.a isÿlrk l%shd oduhka ms<sn`o udkdf,i
meyeÿkq wmj;a ù jod< úYajlS%¾;shg m;a u,hdishdfõ
lAjd,dïmQ¾ fn!oaO uOHia:dkdÈm;s wdpd¾h lsßkafoa YS%
Oïudkkao kdysñf.a wdrOkdfjka 1992 u,hdishdjg jevu
l<y' tu uOHia:dkfha jev isáñka lsßkafoa YS% Oïudkkao
kdysñhkaf.a f,dl Ydiksl wd.ñl cd;sl úfYaIfhkau
Y%dia;S%h fufyjrg iqúYd, iydhla isÿl<y' ta w;r ;=r
Wkajykafiaf.a ld¾h iQr;ajh yd wd.ñl lghq;= lemlsÍu
ms<sn`o olaI;djhka yÿkdf.k ;dhs,ka;fha
fõ`tjkdrduhgo jßkajr jevu lrñka tys wd.ñl lghq;=
fndÿ ckhdf.a is;a mS%;s fm%fudaohg m;ajk wdlrhg ;u W.;a
oE Wmfhda.S lrf.k lghq;= isÿl<y' ld,hdf.a wejEfuka
Wkajykafia bka wk;=rej 1994 § m%xYh n,d jevu l<y' tu
jevu ùfuka M,m%fhdack .;a wm ysñmdKka jykafia
meÍisfha fn!oaO uOHia:dkdêm;s w;s mQcKSh fldaka.ia
foksfha wdkkao kdysñhka hgf;a tu úydria:dkfha ish`t
lghq;= isÿl< w;r m%xYfha m%Odk wêlrK ix>kdhl
fÊ;jk fn!oaO uOHia:dkdêm;s Yd%ia;%m;s w;s mQcHmdo
uqreka..iahdfha Codksiair kdysñmdKka jykafia iu.;a
m%xYfha m%Odk ix>kdhdl m%xY YS% ,xld wOHmksl ixialD;sl
yd iudÔh ixúOkfha úOdhl wOHCIl fukau ks¾ud;D
tfiau m%xY YS% ,xld cd;Hka;r fn!oaO uOHia:dkdêm;s
j¾:udkfha úYajlS%¾;shg m;a mQcHmdo Ydia;%m;s mrjdyer
pkaør;k kdysñmdKka jykafiaf.a ish`t lghq;= j,g iyh
iïNkao ù iQùYd, fufyjrla isÿlr nj o wms ilaiq`ola fia
oksuq'
bka wk;=rej Wkajykafia m%xYfha ldïfndac
úydria:dkfha yduqÿreka jykafia,d iu. tys úydr jdiSj
jev isáñka o iqúYd, wd.ñl lghq;= isÿl< nj ioyka
lrkafkao yo msß i;=áks fufia m%xYfha §¾> ld,hla wd.ñl
lghq;= isÿlrñka isák w;r;=f¾§ Wkajykafiaf.a ,`. ;snQ
mqKH n, uysuh uqyql=rd f.dia 2004 § ls;=oyfï
flakaøia:dkh f,i ie,flk b;d,sh n,d jevu fldg isis,s
fn!oaO úydria:kfhys úydrdêm;s;ajhg m;ajQy'
tÈk isg wo jk ;=re Wkajykafia ,`. ;snQ
ks¾udKd;aul oCI;d l=i,;d ;u wNsu; mßÈ ksoyiaj
isÿlsrSug jrï ,enQy' ta ,enQ ksoyi fya;=mdol fldg f.k
by; kï ioyka w;smQckSh kdysñmdKka jykafia,d
wkq.ukh lrñka wd.ñl cd;sl Ydiksl ixialD;sl idudðl
lghq;= ish`t ckhd uú; lrñka nqoaOd,ïNk mS%;sh cks; jk
wdldrfhka ish`t lghq;= isÿl<y'
mQcHmdo Y%dia;%m;s jf.af.dv iS,dkkao udysñhkaf.a
meúÈ ù 40 jirla msÍu ksñ;af;ka 2008-05-25 jk Èk isÿlrk
ish`t ls%hd oduhka f;rejkaf.a irKska isÿfõjdhs tfiau Wka
jykafiag f,dal Ydiksl fiajdjka ;j oqrg;a isÿ lsÍug
f;rejkaf.a wdYs¾jdoh m%d¾:kd lruq'
mQcH jf;da., nqoaOidr ysñ'
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
fofk;
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
fojk ldKavh 2008 uehs cQks l,dmh
m%xYfha m<jk m%:u isxy, mqj;am;
fofk;
f;u.=,a isrsfhka Tmj;a jqKq iqkaor mersish
m%
fndÿ fldäh
pkaor;k kdysñhka iy [dKidr udysñhka tluq;=j m%xYfha§ tijQ fudfyd;
meßia kqjßka fndÿ .S .ehqkq fudfyd;la
wfma ixialD;sl Wreuh meßisfha§
È.yereKq fudfyd;l jreK
.,f.dvw;af;a [Kidr ysñhka msvqis.d jäñka
fjila Wf<f,a§
meßiakqjr me;sreKq fndÿ iqj| w.h l< wfma t;r fndÿkqfjda meßia k.rfha
mskavmd; jeä uy i.kg okaÿka j.hs
xYfha meßia kqjr cd;Hka;r fn!oaO uOHia:dkh uÕska
cd;Hka;r fn!oaO uOHia:dkdêm;s mQcH mrjdyer pkaor;k
kdysñmdKka jykafiaf.a wkqYdikd mrsos mQcH udm,.u
ðkdkkao ysñ mQcH ;,x.,af,a iqux., Hk ysñjrekaf.a
odhl;ajfhka jd¾Islj ixúOdkh l, uyd fjila
wkqiaurKh fï jif¾o W;al¾Ij;a wkaoñka miq.sh od isÿ
l<y'
miq.sh uehs ui 18 bre osk oji
mqrdu , nq¾fIA cd;Hka;r fn!oaO uOHia:dkfhaoS m%;sm;a;s
mQcdjg uq,a ;ek foñka iS, iudodkh" O¾u foaYkd' Ndjkd
iy odkuh l=i, l¾uhkag uÕ fmkajk jev igyka
ixúOdkh lr ;snQ w;r tosk ikaOHd Nd.fha meje;ajqkq
úfYAI nqoaO mQcdfjka iy O¾u foaYkfhka fuu m%;sm;a;s
mQcduh jev igyka ud,dj ksudjg m;a úh'
tosk 500 wêl msrsila fjkqfjka
uyd n;a okai,ls' m%xYfha cd;Hka;r fn!oaO uOHia:dkh
uÕs k a m% x Yfha is á k úúO cd;s l fn!oa O hka f .a
iyNd.s;ajfhka mej;ajqkq fjila wkqiaurK W;aijh uehs ui
11 jk osk Wfoa 10 isg rd;s% 7 olajd mersia k.rfha Bois de
Vincenne ys msysá cd;Hka;r fn!oaO uOHia:dkfhaoS
meje;ajqks
Wfoa ld,fha wd.ñl j;dj;a iuÕ msKavmd; odkh
iy ix>.; olaIsKdjla o ixúOdkh lr ;snqks' m%xYfha Y%S
,xld ;dkdm;s;=ñh úiska oyj,a 1'30 fn!oaO fldäh
tiùfuka miq fn!oaO ixiAlD;sh úoydmdk o¾YkSh fjila
fmryerlao meje;ajqks'
fjila wkqiaurK W;aij iNdfjka miq mQcH rdclSh
mKaä; .,f.dvw;af;a [dKidr ysñmdKka fufyh jq uyd
f;ie;a;E ØK mQcdfjka miq 2552 fjila wkqiaurK W;aijh
ksudjg m;a úh'
fjila fmdfyda od meßia kqjßka oyï iqj| f.k meje;a jQ fjila uy fmryer mQCH mrjdyer pkaor;k kdysñmdKka jykafia;a ;,x.,af,a iqux., Yd udm,.u ðkdkkao ysñhka m%uqLj ùÓ ixpdrh l, fudfyd;hs
fyaúis jdokh
úfoYa rgj,
,dxlls ore ±ßhka
wfma ixialD;sh
/l.kafka fufiah
l=`: kegqu
mskauo mq;=ka ishhla ,ÿj;a ksire
10
.=K keK fnf,ka hq;= mq;=uh b;d .re
tl mqka i¢ka ÿrefjhs f,dj .K w÷re
11
fkl;re /iska tf,ig fkdufõh ÿre