Energy Storage Systems –
An Update on Developing
Codes and Safety Standards
Summary 2016:
Laurie Florence
Principal Engineer
Large Batteries, Fuel Cell Systems & Capacitors
UL LLC
laurie.b.florence@ul.com
UL and the UL logo are trademarks of UL LLC © 2016
Leader in Advanced Battery Safety Science
Research
Design
Advisory
Testing &
Certification
Thought
Leadership
Battery
Standards
UL 810A: Electrochemical Capacitors
UL 1973: Stationary Applications
UL 2271: Light Electric Vehicles
UL 2272: Electrical Systems for SelfBalancing Scooters
UL 2580: Electric Vehicles
UL 9540: Energy Storage Systems
UL 3001: Distributive Generation and2 ES
UL 3030: UAV Electrical Systems
US DOE Activities
US DOE Work:
Safety Work Shop: Feb. 18, 2014 in Albuquerque NM
•PNNL 23578, Overview of Development and Deployment of
Codes, Standards and Regulations Affecting Energy Storage
System Safety in the United States (August 2014)
•PNNL 23618, Inventory of Safety Related Codes and
Standards for Energy Storage Systems (September 2014)
•US DOE Energy Storage Safety Strategic Plan
(December 2014)
•Energy Storage Safety Working Group (ESSWG)
(March 2015)
•Strategic Objectives:
•Safety Validation and Risk Assessment R&D
•Codes and Standards
•Safety Outreach and Incident Response
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US DOE Activities
Electric Energy
Storage Safety
Working Group
(EESWG):
Separate
Working Groups
to Address Gaps
Established:
CSR Working
Group has:
• Identified Gaps:
• For Safety Outreach and Incident Response
• For Safety Validation and Risk Assessment R&D
• With Codes, Standards and Regulations
• 1. Safety Outreach and Incident Response:
• Led by David Rosewater (SNL)
• 2. Safety Validation and Risk Assessment R & D
• Led by Summer Ferreira (SNL)
• 3. Codes, Standards and Regulations (CSR)
• Led by David Conover (PNNL)
• Identified Codes and & Standards to review and to
make proposals (tracking code cycles, etc.)
• Agreed to develop an interim guide for installation of
ESS considering CSR (short term)
• Agreed to develop an ESS Installation Standard
(similar to NFPA 853) (a more long term solution)
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Codes Impacting Energy Storage
Codes Impacting ESS in the USA
NFPA
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•
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NFPA 1, Fire Code
NFPA 70, National Electrical Code (NEC)
NFPA 101, Life Safety Code
NFPA 5000, Building Code
NFPA standard for EESS Installation (TBD)
ICC
• ICC International Fire Code (IFC)
• ICC International Residential Code (IRC)
• ICC International Building Code (IBC)
IEEE
• IEEE C2, National Electrical Safety Code (NESC)
NFPA Code Updates Related to Energy Storage
NFPA 70 (NEC)
New Article 706,
Energy Storage
Systems Accepted by
CMP13
Going through
development process
for 2017 NEC
• 2nd draft meeting
Nov 2015
• April 2016 Post final
draft for NITMAM
review
NFPA 1, Fire Code
Proposals for
Chapter 52 related to
energy storage
submitted as
placeholder during
code cycle
Going through
development process
for
• First draft out in
March 2016
• Second draft out in
Jan 2017
NFPA 101, Life
Safety Code
Proposals for
hazardous
materials section
Going through
development
process
• First proposal
available for
review 3/2016
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NFPA Code Updates Related to Energy Storage
NFPA opened a public comment period asking for
input on a proposed stationary energy storage
installation standard project and has asked for
volunteers
• Proposed scope: new standard addressing the design,
construction, installation, and commissioning of stationary
energy storage systems
• Deadline for comments was March 1st
7
ICC Code Updates Related to Energy Storage
ICC IFC
ICC IRC
IEEE C2, National
Electrical Safety
Code (NESC)
ICC FCAC Task
Group Established
ICC FCAC Task
Group Also Tackling
IRC Updates
Revisions to IEEE C2
due in January 2016
Developing proposals
to update the IRC
Revisions due in May
2016
Proposals also due in
January 2016
Publication for 2017
NESC
Working on New
Section 52
Addressing Energy
Storage
Included in 2018 IFC
Proposals due in
January 11, 2016
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Code Proposal Examples
NFPA 70 Art 706:
• NFPA 70 Proposed ESS clause 706 will require energy storage systems to
be “Listed” if it is a Self contained factory matched system
• System of Pre-engineered matched components – components that are
tested and Listed separately and installed in the field
• Circuit requirements
• Overcurrent protection
• Electrochemical Energy Storage Systems
• Flow Battery Energy Storage Systems
ICC IFC: Proposed revisions to Chp. 608:
•
•
•
•
•
Introduction of different chemistries
Listing of systems
Requirement for FMEA related to fire safety
Separation of battery arrays
Maximum allowable quantities and sizes requiring permitting based upon
kWh instead of electrolyte quantities
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Standards Impacting Energy Storage
STANDARDS IMPACTING ENERGY STORAGE
UL
• UL 1973, Batteries for Use in Light Electric Rail (LER) and Stationary
Applications
• UL 9540, Energy Storage Systems and Equipment
• UL 1741, Inverters, Converters, Controllers and Interconnection System Equipment
for Use with Distributed Energy Resources
IEEE
• IEEE 1547, Interconnecting Distributed Resources with Electric Power
Systems
• IEEE 1547.1, Conformance Test Procedures for Equipment Interconnecting
Distributed Resources with Electric Power Systems
• IEEE 1635/ASHRAE Guideline 21, Guide for the Ventilation and Thermal
Management of Batteries for Stationary Applications
• IEEE P2030.2, Guide for Design, Operation, Maintenance of Battery Energy
Storage Systems, both Stationary and Mobile, and Applications Integrated with
Electric Power Systems
10
UL Standard Updates Related to Energy
Storage
UL 1973
• Ballot for 2nd edition of ANSI UL
1973 completed and voted
affirmative
• Publication of 2nd edition ANSI UL
1973 by 2nd quarter of 2016
• Re-open UL 1973 for Bi-National
Standard for US and Canada 2016
UL 9540
• Ballot for1st edition of ANSI UL 9540 out in
November 2016
• Ballot reached consensus
• Recirculation ballot to come out 2nd quarter of
2016
• Planned publication 3rd quarter of 2016
• Bi-national ANSI standard for USA and
Canada upon publication
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UL Standard Updates Related to Energy
Storage
UL 1973 2nd edition revisions
Revisions to cell criteria
• UL 1642 based cell program
• Appendix E (IEC) based cell program
Revisions to grounding criteria
• More specific grounding construction
• Introduction of simplified test based upon specific grounding criteria
Clarification on functional safety criteria
Revisions to tests of system
•
•
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Revisions to Temperature Test
Addition of simplified Grounding Test
Revisions to Drop Test (follow IEC)
Revisions to Internal Fire Test
• include Sodium Sulfur
• Add clarifying language and include time limit for creating TR
• Revisions to Appendix B for molten salt batteries (based upon testing experience)
• Revisions to Appendix C for flow batteries (based upon testing experience)
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UL Standard Updates Related to Energy
Storage
UL 9540 Bulletin Updates
Construction
• Updates to the Inverter Information
• Grid Support Utility Interactive Inverter/converter definition and information based upon
updates to UL 1741
• Clarification of enclosure requirements
• Walk in Enclosures
• Additional guidance on airflow based upon ASHRAE 62
• Additional guidance on wiring
• Information on lockout procedures and signage for worker safety
• Addition revisions for remote controls
• Additional guidance on the safety analysis of the system
• Updates to the fire detection and suppression criteria and guidance on fire risk analysis
• Updates/clarification for technology sections
Tests
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•
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Updates on tests for flywheel systems
Updates on environmental tests
Addition of Impulse Test
Revision to External Leakage and Strength tests
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UL Standard Updates Related to Energy
Storage
UL 1741
• Revision bulletin to address
interactive needs impacting
energy storage development in
2016
• New supplement to standard
UL 3001
• Distributed Generation and
Storage
• PINS applied for
• Establishment of STP in 2016
• Begin work of development in
2016
14
IEEE Standard Updates Related to Energy
Storage
IEEE 1547 and IEEE
1547.1 under
revision process
IEEE P2030.2.1, Guide for Design, Operation,
Maintenance of Battery Energy Storage Systems,
both Stationary and Mobile, and Applications
Integrated with Electric Power Systems
• Initial project completion for submission to
revision committee
IEEE 1635/ASHRAE Guideline 21, Guide for the
Ventilation and Thermal Management of Batteries
for Stationary Applications
• Revision committee established with the same
TPS as the 2012 edition of the Guideline
• Completion in 2016
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THANK YOU.