Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Environmental and Geological Science and Engineering
Environmental Impact Assessment of Hazardous Industries
and Application of Cleaner and Greener Technology
VIJAYAN GURUMURTHY IYER
Consultant , G.V.I. Technical Inspection Services ,
13/14 A, Tharachand Nagar Second Street,
Virugambakkam, Chennai-600 092,
INDIA
vijayaniyergurumurthy@hotmail.com
Tel.No.044-23776306, Mobile: 9444812401
NIKOS E. MASTORAKIS
WSEAS European Office
Agiou Ioannou Theologou 17-13,
15773, Zografou, Athens,
GREECE
mastor@wseas.org
http://www.wseas.org/mastorakis
Abstract: Environmental impact assessment (EIA) is a systematic study for identification and evaluation of
potential impacts or effects of the proposed projects, programs, processes, plans, legislative
actions relative to physical, chemical, biological , radio-active and socio-economic environment
with respect to total environment. EIA Studies have been carried out in some hazardous industries
and cleaner and greener production have been recommended. Cleaner technologies can be
defined as technologies that can produce the same output of unclean technologies by causing less
damage to the environment. Cleaner technologies as those that are less polluting, use resources in
a sustainable manner, recycle more of their wastes and products and handle all residues in a more
environmental acceptable way than the technologies for which they are substitutes. Greener
technologies can be defined as technologies that can produce less output of unclean technologies
by causing no damage to the environment.
The need is to conserve the living planet with any rational approach. It is urgently required to deal
with the issues that are closely related to our surroundings, and suggested techniques preferably
with local resources and know-how, to make that more sensibly habitable. This article realizes
the environmental impact assessment of some hazardous industries and emphasizes the need of
cleaner and greener technology applications in order to reduce green house emissions.
Key-Words: assessment, carbon-dioxide emission, cleaner , greener , technology, environment, global
warming, impact, industries, social.
* This paper has been presented by the first author in the 5 th National Teachers’ Science
Congress held during 1-4 October, 2009 at Regional Institute of Education, Bhubaneswar, India
in sub theme III: Impact of Human Intervention on 4 th October, 2009 and in a focal theme
entitled “Understanding Planet Earth” organized by Rashtriya Vigyan Evam Prodhoyagiki
Sanchar Parishad, NCSTC-Network (Department of Science & Technology), India, www.ncstcnetwork.org
alienated themselves from nature itself.
Industrialization and a surge in technology
have given mankind the ability to know
much about planet earth, and the world has
now become abbreviated. But cognition
1. Introduction
By learning to live and exploit nature over
thousand of years the human race have
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acidification – by which carbon dioxide
emitted into the atmosphere as pollution is
absorbed by water and converted into
carbolic acid, is taking places in seas and
oceans across the world. This level of
acidification will cause immense damage to
the ecosystem and the food chain
particularly in the Arctic and impact on
marine life. The will soon start dissolving
the shells of living sea creatures. Hence , it
is our responsibility that everyone has to
immediately cut down green house gas
emissions as per the given below problem
solution and case studies [80] .
level has gone down. With complete
precision this has effectively eliminated,
uprooted, and disconnected humans from
whatever was remaining in them to be
humans. The processes called development
and deterioration have become synonymous.
Deforestation,
desertification,
carbon
dioxide emission, soil erosion, use of
pesticides, chemical pollution , global
warming , and unaccountable other factors
have made the life of living beings
horrendous. High industrialization and
population growth coupled with polluting
technologies cause increasing levels of
pollutant emissions. This situation has
warranted the need for cleaner and greener
technologies. In the past two decades ,
environmental concerns have been growing
and the protection of environment has
become
a
global
issue.
High
industrialization and population growth
coupled with polluting technologies cause
increasing levels of pollutant emissions such
as greenhouse gases including carbon
tetrachloride and chloro flouro carbon
emissions. This situation warranted the need
for cleaner and greener technologies [80].
Cleaner technologies can be defined as
technologies that can produce the same
output by causing less damage to the
environment. The cleaner technologies are
those that are less polluting, use resources in
a sustainable manner, recycle more of their
wastes and products and handle all residual
wastes in a more ecologically acceptable
way. The appropriate case studies and
cleaner technologies are discussed in this
article for possible commercial exploitation
in the industries.
3 Problem Solution
There are H-tech proposals for limiting the
extent of climate change that as geoengineering solutions to global warming
such as spraying the upper atmosphere with
aerosol particles that would reduce sunlight
reaching the earth, mitigating the warming
caused by rising levels of carbon-dioxide .
But these ideas miss the point . They will
still allow carbon-dioxide emissions to
continue to increase- and thus the oceans to
become more and more acidic. There is only
one way to stop the devastation the oceans
are now facing and that is to limit carbondioxide emissions as a mater of urgency.
3.1 Case Study of Chromite Mining in
Orissa
Orissa is one of the largest mineral
bearing states in India with about 17 per
cent of the mineral reserves of the
country. 98% of the country’s fifteen
Chromite mines are only located in
Sukinda valley and are spread over 200
sq km . Mining has been carried out far
the past seventy years in an unsafe
manner. Chromite mines discharge
wastewater rich
in hexavelent
chromium, a known carcinogenic
substance .Water discharged through the
mine slurries , over burden stockpiles
and mine water effluents are commonly
called hazardous wastes [2]. The
2 Problem Formulation
The Arctic Ocean is becoming acidic so
quickly that it will reach corrosive levels
within fifteen years. Waters around the north
pole are absorbing carbon dioxide of about
100-250 mg/l (ppm). The acidity of the
arctic ocean between the Norway and the
north pole , pH is about 6.4 . It is by now
that 5% of the arctic ocean has become
corrosively acidic. The process of
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Carbon tetra chloride (CTC) and Trichlorotriflouro ethylene are the cleaning solvents
and carcinogenic substances which are used
for wide applications in textile and metal
industries, film industries , iron and steel
industries , foundries, metal degreasing
plants, electronics and electrical goods
manufacturing
industries, computer
industries, electroplating, refrigeration and
air-conditioning , ship yards, steel plants,
fire extinguishers, service industries, oil
refineries and power plants and a wide
range of industries for cleaning purposes
such as metals, glasses and rubber, fabrics
and photographic films for removal various
contaminants such as grease, oils, dust,
carbon , inks and gums, stains etc. It has
adverse environmental health effects on
humans and it produces cancer diseases
among the people in their vicinity and
endanger
various
lives
on
earth.
Occupational health exposures take place in
these industries which affect the central
nerve system of human health and causing
dizziness, headache and vomiting [8] . Once
CTC evaporated, it rises up to the
atmosphere where it destroys the ozone
layer. This allows ultra violet (UV) rays to
pass through the ozone chopped layer that
protects our health. UV rays contribute to
eye cataract and skin cancer, besides
endangering plants, animals, birds and
aquatic life. A Health survey conducted by
the author in theses industries reveals that
more than 8,00,000 people exposed (as per
our rough estimate) to this occupational
health hazards and potentially threat to
cancers [12,19]. To protect our health and
environment, we need to stop using CTC
and other similar substances, which destroy
the ozone layer. There are eco-friendly
alternatives and technological options which
are available in order to alternate CTC and
TCTF cleaning solvents in the above
industries.
quantity of waste discharge is about
30,000 kilo litres with heavy metals into
the Brahmani river every day. This toxic
hexavalent chromium pollutes the river
water and soil in the range of 10 to 1500
mg/l as against the safe eco-standards of
0.005 mg/l. Chromite air pollution in
terms of
suspended and respirable
particulate matter in Sukinda and
Talcher-Angul region is about 350
µg/m3 which is ten times above the
prescribed limit. Hence, chromium
bound diseases could be a result of the
intake
of
excessive
hexavalent
chromium. As per the health study
conducted, the chromite mine workers
who are constantly exposed to
contaminated dust and water, suffer from
gastrointestinal bleeding, tuberculosis
and asthma besides incidence of
infertility, birth defects and still births.
More than 55% of the inhabitants in the
radius of 1 km of the mining sites suffer
from pollution-induced diseases. As per
the health records it is evident that 90%
of the deaths in the mining areas and
industrial villages occur due to chromite
bound diseases.
There are environmental management
plans, control mechanisms and best
practices which may be adopted by the
mine owners in order to mitigate the
problem. It may be suggested that the
production of wood trees, root stock,
inedible seeds and cut flowers can be
done by using waste water . Biological
filters by using Cattails, Papyrus and
Pragmatist can be used for removal of
heavy metals.
3.2 Case Study Investigation -2: Carbon
Tetra Chloride and Trichloro-Triflouro-
3.3 A Case Study Investigation-3:
Ethylene, TCTE) Emission from the
“Experimental Investigations on Eco-
Industries
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Friendly
Refrigeration
and
Air
traditional R-12 refrigerant[67]. The
proposed alternative refrigerants have the
advantage of being locally available, cheap
and of an environmentally friendly nature.
An unmodified R – 12 domestic refrigerator
was charged and experimented with each of
the hydrocarbon mixtures containing
propane, butane, isobutene in different
mixing ratios. The parameters investigated
are the evaporator capacity, the compressor
power, the coefficient of performance and
the cooling rate characteristics. The present
work shows that the hydrocarbon mixture
with 50% propane; 30.3% butane ; 11.7%
isobutene is the most suitable alternative
refrigerant mixture with best performance
among all other hydrocarbon mixtures
investigated. The refrigerator has worked
most satisfactorily with the proposed
alternative refrigerant without the need for
any modification or adjustment.
-
Conditioning Systems”
With growing environmental hazards, public
awareness
towards
a
sustainable
development is increasing now. One of the
series threats to the environment is the
stratospheric ozone layer depletion. The
demand and supply requirements of
refrigeration systems are growing rapidly.
Commercial chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)
and Halo chlorofluorocarbons (HFCs) are
commonly used in refrigeration and air
conditioning systems and they are released
to the atmosphere which are carcinogenic
and mutagenic substances because of their
severe harmful effects on the environment.
It has been documented that production,
leakage and disposal of CFC and HCFC
refrigerants have an adverse effect on our
environment by contributing towards ozone
layer depletion and greenhouse effect. There
are specific environmental concerns about
their use in air conditioning and refrigeration
equipments which are related to their
potential contribution to global warming and
their depletion effect on the stratospheric
ozone layer due to their chlorine chemical
effect. Due to the fact that CFCs damages
the ozone layer, environmental groups and
the Montreal protocol call for halting CFC
production. Thus alternative refrigerants
have to be investigated in order to get
replaced the CFCs in refrigeration and air
conditioning systems. Such alternative
refrigerants should possess good thermo
dynamical
and
physical
properties,
comparable cost, low toxicity and low
flammability. This paper discusses use of
hydrocarbons in refrigerating and air
conditioning systems which offer acceptable
alternative refrigerants to the CFCs, since
they have good thermo dynamical properties
and they are universally available at low
price.
This paper documents research
results on an experimental study carried out
for evaluating the performance parameters
of a domestic refrigerator when four ratios
of propane, butane and isobutene are as
possible alternative replacements to the
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3.4. Case Study Investigation -4 ; “Power
Plants Optimization and Utilization of
Renewable Energy Power Plants
This case study aims was to investigate the
potential of energy resources in the World
and India and use improved technologies
available for an optimal mixing use of
power plants. This investigation proposes an
optimal use of mixed power plants for a
sustainable energy development. The
research work also focuses on development
of new eco-friendly technologies for power
plants besides modeling and analysis , zero
emission technologies , pollution control
system that would be a good technology
transfer to the power industries and the
people.
This paper elucidates database of renewable
and non-renewable energy resources
available in the Global and Indian energy
scenario[1]. This can give solution for the
power industries to implement appropriate
mixing strategies in production and
maintenance of power plants. Theoretical
model of 1 MW mini power plants
(Renewable and non-renewable resources)
and inter mixing of power plants using a
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mathematical
modeling
have
been
investigated. It discusses general power
plant operation, maintenances and safety
issues. Improved technologies available for
optimum utilization of energy resources and
proper mixing of various power plants have
been provided for technology transfer to
power industries[47]. Theoretical concept of
integrated inter mixing requirements of @ 1
MW demonstration power plants have been
discussed as role models for solution to
optimal mixing requirements in power
industries. The percentage mixing using
mathematical modeling has been given for
prototype
development[91,94,100].
Procedures for inter mixing requirements of
demonstration plant have also been given.
The important elements which have been
discussed during the power plant
management are power production and
quality management system and standards
(PPMS), power plant resource planning
(PPRP), power plant environmental impact
assessment (PPEIA) and management plans
(PPEMPs),
safety
by
management
objectives (SBMO), disaster management
and mitigation, maintenance management
tools, power training and software tools, ISO
9000 and ISO 14000 standards for
implementation[101].
lint is contaminated with chromium and
chromium particles are carried into the
spun yarns and cotton by-products[70].
Specifically, due to persistent rubbing of
the leather-clad roller over the stationary
knife during the ginning process, the lint
is contaminated of about 140 to 1,990
ppm of chromium and the spun yarns
and cotton by-products contain about
100 to 200 ppm, far in excess of the
standard limit of 0.1 ppm. Gin and mill
workers are directly exposed to this
carcinogenic substance. To offset this
problem,
pollution-free
rubberized
cotton fabric (RCF) rollers have been
fabricated, and tested in roller gins. The
RCF roller covering is made of multiple
layers of fabric bonded together using a
white rubber compound which has a
surface finish conducive to higher
ginning efficiency. This eliminates
chromium contamination and pollution
during the ginning process. On the basis
of the design and development of
various test rollers and subsequent
evaluation studies, the performance of
pollution-free RCF rollers has been
demonstrated with reference their
commercial benefit and eco-friendliness
in cotton ginning mills[22,78].
3.5 A Case Study Investigation- 5:
Environmental
Effects
of
Chrome
Composite Leather-Clad Rollers Used in
3.6 A Case Study Investigation-6:
Cotton Roller Ginning Industries and
“Assessment of Pollution Load from
Design of an Eco-friendly Alternative
Unsafe Leather Tanneries ”,
This research investigation discusses the
pollution caused by chrome composite
leather-clad (CCLC) rollers commonly
used in cotton roller ginning mills and
suggests an alternative roller material.
CCLC rollers contain about 18,000 to
36,000 mg/kg (ppm) total chromium in
trivalent and hexavalent forms which are
toxic to human health and carcinogenic.
When the seed-cotton is processed in
double roller (DR) ginning machines, the
Chromium is a carcinogenic substance and
acts on human in three ways, (1) Dermatitis,
(2) Absorption and (3) Inhalation. Toxic
effects are produced by prolonged contacts
of air borne or solid borne or liquid borne
chromium and its compounds even in small
quantities due their carcinogenicity and
mutogenecity. At present there are about
2,500 tanneries in our country, which
process 7,00,000 tones quantity of hides and
skins annually[14]. About 80% of tanneries
employ chrome-tanning process. The
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tannery processing consists of curing,
soaking, liming, and unhairing, delimingbating, deliming-washing, bating-pickling
and chrome tanning. Chrome tanning
process uses chromium as raw materials in
the form of dichromate, sodium chromate
and chromium sulphate[22]. This process
discharges copious amount of chromium
bearing wastes and permanently affect
ground water and soil. Out of 69,000 tons
quantity of chromium applied annually in
1600 tanneries, (i) 25 to 39% spent as
discharge in ground water . 45% chromate is
of hexavalent chromium or Cr+6 salts and
(ii) 61 to 75 % is usually absorbed in the
leather by tanning process. Out of this about
45 % is in the form of hexavalent chromium,
Cr+6 salts. It may be mentioned that about
90% of these leather tanneries cause severe
water pollution problems in surface and
ground water bodies. This causes ground
and surface water pollution with toxic
hexavalent chromium[22,72] . Hence the
present investigation characterizes and
assesses chromium pollution load from
leather tanneries in India.
continual cycle of planning, implementing,
reviewing and improving activities, which
an organization does to meet its
environmental obligations [43].
ISO-14000 standards focuses on
environmental management of all sorts of
organizations /industries. It defines the
features of an EMS that need to be in place
to ensure that organizations identify and
focus on improving areas where they have
significant environmental impacts.
3.8
of
Management Systems ,
Awareness
and
Awareness, training and competence play a
significant role in encouraging and
enhancing people’s participation in activities
aimed at conservation, protection and
management of the environment, essential
for achieving sustainable development[58].
Hence, for the organizational
planning and decision making process, 3
“Es” should be considered (i) Engineering,
(2) Economics (3) Environment
Effective
training
programs,
including those that raise the environmental
awareness levels of all people in the
organization, are a critically important
element in implementing and maintaining
the EMS. Depending on the nature of the
operations, it may be necessary to raise the
level of awareness of the facility’s users.
Internal staff may be trained to educate the
users of the facility. Training must be
approached systematically.
An
environmental
awareness
training program must be implemented for
employees covering the importance of the
environmental policy and the requirements
of the EMS, the significant environmental
aspects of their work ( and the benefits of
improved environmental performance), their
roles and responsibilities in carrying out the
EMS, and the potential consequences of not
following
operating procedures[43,58].
The environmental awareness training
should be aimed at educating employees on
how they can make a contribution to the
EMS and to the facility’s environment
Environmental
Environmental
Training and Awareness Programmes in
Industries ”
The growing global sensitization about
environment and pollution has imposed
pressure on industry and business world to
implement environmental management
system
(EMS)
in
their
business
establishments. International Organization
for Standardization (ISO) -14000 series of
standards were developed to assist
organizations in achieving environmental
and economic gains. They are very helpful
not only for improved environmental
performance, but also for prevention of
pollution, reduction in waste, enhancing
internal management systems, optimum
utilization of resources and anticipating
regulatory/legal requirements. EMS is a
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Competence on Sustainable Development
3.7 Case Study Investigation-7:
“Importance
Training
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performance.
Identified environmental
training needs should include the needs of
each person whose work has existing or
potential control over these impacts. Each of
these individuals must meet a competency
standard (developed by the organization) to
be achieved through education, training or
practical experience. Hence education,
training and are the key to the success of an
EMS.
4
Planning and decision-making
process (PDMP) of proposed projects, plans,
programs and legislative actions should
include the integrated consideration of
technical, ethical, economical, social and
environmental factors. The most important
of these considerations can be referred to as
“the Four Es” (engineering or technical,
ethics, economics and environment ) in
PDMP. Prior to the enactment of National
Environment Policy Act, 1970 in USA,
technical and economic factors dominated
the PDMP in most of the world projects.
Hence, sustainability of development and
quality of life on earth is of utmost
important. Sustainable development means
industrial development should occur and
must be continued without damages to the
environment. Therefore, the present
challenge faced by the world, lies in
returning to a path of sustainable
development.
The paper provides a solution for reducing
toxic effects on environmental health in
these industries by replacing clean
technology applications and eco-friendly
alternatives. This article
realizes
the
environmental impact assessment of some
hazardous industries and emphasizes the
need of clean technology applications in
these process industries. It is recommended
that there may be policy decision taken by
the Government regulatory organizations,
namely, European Commission,
US
Environmental Protection Agency, Royal
British Commission , Indian Central
Pollution Control Board etc., in order to
implement cleaner and greener technologies
in the hazardous industries globally to
reduce carbon-dioxide emissions and thus
protect from acidification of arctic ocean by
corrosion problems.
Conclusion
Engineering
and
technological
developments sustain the environmental
growth. For over 150 years, the world has
pursued the industrial development. This is
proving more and more hazardous as this
development continuously damaging the
environment such as melting of glaciers,
climate change, carbon tetra chloride
evaporation, green house gas emission,
ozone layer depletion. Due to carbon
dioxide gas emission, there is 5% of the
arctic sea get acidified and ocean get
corroded and thus give raise to impact on
marine life.
Due to climate change,
decrease in glaciers contribute about 28% of
sea level rise since 1993. Water supplies
stored in the glaciers were projected to
decline. What was required was to bring our
energy and intellectual capacity in tandem
whereby we can meet the challenge
effectively without major disruption,
without compromising on the livelihood of
future
generation
of
their
needs.
Development would have occurred without
damages to the environment and major
disruption,
and
the
process
of
industrialization would have occurred in an
innocuous manner by utilizing the resources
effectively
and
efficiently
in
an
environmental friendly manner[80].
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Journal, Volume 37, July – August, 1999, pp. 73-80.
[21]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Environmental and Health Effects of Rollers Used in Ginning Industries”.
Journal of the Textile Association (ISSN: 0368-4636) , Volume 59, Number 2 , July-August,
1998, pp. 87-91.
[22]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Environmental and Health Effects of Chrome Composite Leather Clad
Rollers Commonly Used by Cotton Roller Ginning Industries”, Textile Industry of India ,
Volume 37, Number 7, 1998 Issue, pp. 11-19.
[23]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “ Design of a Mote Grooving Tool and It’s Holder for Rollers of
Roller Gins”, Journal of the Institution of Engineers (India) ,Textile Engineering Division
TX-I.E. (I), Volume 77, April 1996 Issue, pp. 4-7.
[24]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Setting and adjustments in Saw Gin Stand for Improved Quality Cotton”.
Journal of the Textile Association (ISSN 0368-4636) , Vol. 56, Issue 6, March, 1996, pp.
228.
[25]Vijayan G. Iyer, et al., “A Resume’ of the Investigations Carried Out on the Pre-cleaning and
Ginning of Indian Cottons”, The Textile Industry & Trade Journal 33, November- December
1995, pp.101-104.
[26]Vijayan Iyer, G., “A Study of Backlash in Double Roller Gins”, The Cotton Gin and Oil
Mill Press, June, 1994 Issue, pp. 12-22, Texas, USA.
[27]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Some Practical Hints on Pre-Cleaning and Ginning of Cotton”, The
Indian Textile Journal (ISSN: 0019-6436) , Volume 104, October 1993 Issue, pp. 28-32.
[28]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “A Simple Device to Prevent backlash in Roller Gins”, Journal of the
Textile Association (ISSN: 0368-4636) , Vol. 54, No. 3, September 1993 issue ,pp. 87-91.
[29]Vijayan Iyer, G. , “How the Bread is Baked?”, Invention Intelligence June, 1987, pp. 223224.
[30]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Unsafe Petrochemical Refinery Air Pollution and Its Environmental
Impact Assessment ”, WSEAS 3 rd International Conference on Waste Management , Water
pollution, Air Pollution, Indoor Climate (WWAI, 09), Energy and Environmental Series of
Reference and Text Books (ISSN: 1790-5095, ISBN: 978-960-474-093-2) ( WSEAS ID No.
617-195)
La Laguna, Tenerife,
Canary Islands, Spain, July, 1-3, 2009,
http://www.wseas.us/conferences/2009/lalaguna/wwai .
[31]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Design and Development of Solar Disinfection Polishing Lagoons
for Effective Reclamation and Reuse of Waste Water”, 3 rd International Conference on
Waste Management , Water pollution, Air Pollution, Indoor Climate (WWAI, 09), Energy
and Environmental Series of Reference and Text Books (ISSN: 1790-5095, ISBN: 978-960474-093-2) , WSEAS ID No. 617-132, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain, July, 13, 2009.
[32]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al ., “ Design and Development of an Eco-friendly Automatic gear Box
for Automobile Applications “ Reference Book and Text Books on Mathematics and
Computers in Science and Engineering (ISBN: 978-960-474-073-4, ISSN: 1790-2769) .
ISSN: 1792-4685
226
ISBN: 978-960-474-221-9
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Environmental and Geological Science and Engineering
Proceedings of the 3 rd International Conference on Management , Marketing AND Finances,
Advances in Marketing, management & Finances , Houston, USA, April 30-May 2, 2009
[33]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Unsafe Chromium from Cotton Ginneries and Development of a
Rubberized Cotton Fabric Roller for Cotton Roller Gins” , Reference Book and Text Book
on Recent Advances in Biology and Biomedicine (ISBN: 978-960-474-062-8, ISSN: 17905125), Proceedings of the 10 th WSEAS International Conference on mathematics and
Computers in Biology and Chemistry , Prague, Czech Republic, March 23-25, 2009, pp.102123.
[34]“Biographical Profile of Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer” , The Book of Who’s Who in the World
(ISBN-978-0-8379-1139-7, ISSN-83-9825, LCCN-79-139215), 25 th Edition (Silver
Anniversary Edition) 2008 by Marquis Who’s Who LLC publications, New Providence, NJ,
USA , pp. 951, 1155 and 2865.
[35]“ Biographical Profile of Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer” , The Book of Who’s Who in Asia
(ISBN-0-8379-7150-0, ISSN-1930-1227), First Edition , 2007 by Marquis Who’s Who LLC
publications , New Providence, NJ, USA , pp.274-275, pp.375.
[36]“ Biographical Profile of Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer” , The Book of Who’s Who in America,
63 rd Edition , 2009 by Marquis Who’s Who LLC publications , New Providence, NJ, USA
[37]“ Biographical Profile of Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer” , Book of 34 th Edition of Dictionary of
International Biography (D.I.B.) (ISBN: 9781903986301) (1193 pages), – A Flagship
Publication 2008 by International Biographical Centre, (IBC), Cambridge, Great Britain ,
published by Melrose Press Ltd., pp.511-512.
[38]“Biographical Profile of Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer”, Book of 2000 Outstanding Intellectuals
of the 21 srt Century (ISBN: 9781 903986 31).
[39]“Biographical Profile of Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer , 2008-2009 and 4 th Edition, “Great
Minds of the 21st Century” , American Biographical Institute Inc. ,NJ, Providence, USA
[40]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Unsafe Chromium and its Environmental Impact Assessment”, Book of
2007 Edition , Sustainable Water Management Challenges, Technologies and Solutions by
Vedams Books Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi , Chapter –27 , pp.224-229.
[41]Vijayan Iyer, G. “Correct Practices and Guidelines for Applying Occupational Safety and
Health Standards in Coal Mining Industries”, Book of the Proceedings of the First
International Conference on Managing Social and Environmental Consequences of Coal
Mining in India(IS: 978-81-7525-914-0), (ICMSECCMI,’07), CD-ROM, India International
Centre , New Delhi, organized by Indian School of Mines University in association with
University of South Wales and Australian National University, 19-21 November, 2007,
pp.233-248.
[42]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Design and Development of Disinfection Polishing Lagoons for Effective
Reclamation and Reuse of Waste Water”, Institution of Engineers (I) the Proceedings of the
World Congress on Urban Infrastructure in Developing Countries, Vigyan Bhawan, New
Delhi, organized by the Institution of Engineers (India) under aegis of World Federation of
Engineering Organizations (WFEO), 12-14-November 2007, pp.Theme-IV-19-26 .
[43]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Environmental Management System for the Organizations to Achieve
Business Excellence”, Volume 2 Proceedings of the International Conference on Sustainable
Energy and Environment 2006 (ISSN 974-456-653-1) , Sub Theme: ‘Technology and Policy
Innovations- SEE 2006’, Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment (JGSEE),King
Mongut’s University, Bangkok, Thailand, www.see2006.com, 21-23 November , 2006,
pp.1032-1037.
[44]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Plenary Lecture-II , Unsafe Chromium from Cotton Ginneries and
Design and Development of Eco-friendly Alternative” , Book of the Proceedings of the
WSEAS International Conference on Energy, Environment, Eco-Systems,Sustainable
Development(ISSN 1790-5095, ISSN 960-8457-48-3),(EEESD’06) CD-ROM, WSEAS ID
number 535-416, 11-13 July 2006, Vouliagmeni, Athens, Greece.
ISSN: 1792-4685
227
ISBN: 978-960-474-221-9
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Environmental and Geological Science and Engineering
[45]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Mixing of Power Plants for Optimum Utilization of Energy
Resources” , Book of the Proceedings of the WSEAS International Conference on Energy,
Environment,Eco-Systems,Sustainable Development(ISSN 1790-5095, ISSN 960-8457-483), (EEESD’06) CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number 535-416, 11-13 July 2006, Vouliagmeni,
Athens, Greece, pp.438-459.
[46]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Improved Process of The Manufacture of Zero Defective Castings
Using True Centrifugal Casting Machine”, Book of the Proceedings of the WSEAS
International Conference on Energy, Environment, Eco-Systems, Sustainable Development
(ISSN 1790-5095, ISSN 960-8457-48-3),(EEESD’06), CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number 535418, 11-13 July 2006, Vouliagmeni, Athens, Greece. pp. 542-551.
[47]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Experimental Investigations in Power Plants to Optimize the
Utilization of Energy Resources”, Book of the Proceedings of the WSEAS International
Conference on Energy, Environment, Eco-Systems, Sustainable Development (ISSN 17905095, ISSN 960-8457-48-3), (EEESD’06) CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number 535-415, 11-13
July 2006, Vouliagmeni, Athens, Greece, pp. 676-696.
[48]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “ Study on Industrial AVON Engines”, Book of the Proceedings of
the WSEAS International Conference on Energy, Environment, Eco-Systems, Sustainable
Development (ISSN 1790-5095, ISSN 960-8457-48-3), (EEESD’06) CD-ROM, WSEAS ID
number 535-417, 11-13 July 2006, Vouliagmeni, Athens, Greece, pp. 697-708.
[48]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Efficient Methods to Improve the Productivity of a Teacher and
Quality of Lectures in Teacher Educational Institutions”, Book of the Proceedings of the 3rd
WSEAS International Conference on Engineering Education (ISSN:1790-5117, ISBN:9608457-47-5), CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number 535-413, July 11-13, 2006, Vouliagmeni, Athens,
Greece, pp. 73-96.
[49]Vijayan Iyer, G. “Plenary lecture-III, Quantity and Quality in Engineering Education and
Research”. Book of the Proceedings of the 3rd WSEAS International Conference on
Engineering Education (ISSN:1790-5117, ISBN:960-8457-47-5), (EE’06), CD-ROM,
WSEAS ID number 535-414 , July 11-13, 2006, Vouliagmeni, Athens, Greece, pp. 97-107.
[50]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Quantity and Quality in Engineering Education and Research”.
Book of the Proceedings of the 3rd WSEAS International Conference on Engineering
Education (ISSN:1790-5117, ISBN:960-8457-47-5), (EE’06), CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number
535-414 , July 11-13, 2006, Vouliagmeni, Athens, Greece, pp. 97-107.
[51]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Study of the Heath Effects of Chromium Rollers Used in Cotton
Roller Ginning Industries and Development of an Alternative Ginning process”, Book of the
Proceedings of the 7 th WSEAS International Conference on Mathematics & Computers in
Biology & Chemistry (ISSN:1790-5109, ISSN: 1790-5117, ISBN:960-8457-46-7),WSEAS
ID number 530-469, June 13-15, 2006, Cavtat, Croatia, Greece, pp. 45-53.
[52]Vijayan Iyer,G., et al., “Design and Development of Eco-Friendly Alcohol Engine Fitted
With Heat Recovery System” from proceeding of 7 th WSEAS International conference on
Mathematics & Computers in Biology & Chemistry (ISSN:1790-5109, ISSN: 1790-5117,
ISBN:960-8457-46-7), Cavtat, Crotia, June 13-15, 2006, pp.54-58.
[53]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Unsafe Chromium from Cotton Ginneries and Development of a
Rubberized Cotton fabric Roller for Cotton roller Gins”, Book of the Proceedings of the 7 th
WSEAS International Conference on Mathematics & Computers in Biology & Chemistry
(ISSN:1790-5109, ISSN: 1790-5117, ISBN:960-8457-46-7), WSEAS ID number 530-469,
June 13-15, 2006, Cavtat, Croatia, Greece, pp. 59-66.
[54]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Experimental Investigations to Optimize the Utilization of Energy
Resources”, Book of the Proceedings of the 7 th WSEAS International Conference on
Mathematics & Computers in Business & Economics (ISSN:1790-5109, ISSN: 1790-5117,
ISBN:960-8457-46-7), WSEAS ID number 530-466, June 13-15, 2006,Cavtat, Croatia,
Greece, pp. 88-101.
ISSN: 1792-4685
228
ISBN: 978-960-474-221-9
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Environmental and Geological Science and Engineering
[55]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Important Elements of Disaster Management and Mitigation and
Design and Development of a Software Tool”, Book of the Proceedings of the 7 th WSEAS
International Conference on Mathematics & Computers in Business & Economics
(ISSN:1790-5109, ISSN: 1790-5117, ISBN:960-8457-46-7), MCBE ’06, WSEAS ID number
530-468, June 13-15, 2006, Cavtat, Croatia, Greece, pp. 102-121.
[56]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “ Design and Development of Bogie Hinge Joint Flushing Device for
the Safety Preservation of Aircraft Engines”, 7 th WSEAS International Conference on
Mathematics & Computers in Business & Economics (ISSN:1790-5109, ISSN: 1790-5117,
ISBN:960-8457-46-7),WSEAS ID number 530-475, June 13-15, 2006 , Cavtat, Croatia,
Greece, pp. 122-135.
[58]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Environmental Management System for the Organizations to
Achieve Business Excellence”, Book of the Proceedings of the 6 th WSEAS International
Conference on Systems Theory and Scientific Computation, (ISCGAV,06) (ISSN: 17905117, ISBN:960-8457-51-3) , CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number 537-520, Elounda, Aglos
Nikolaos, Crete Island, Greece, August 21-23, 2006, pp. 220-232.
[59]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Unsafe Chromium From Cotton Ginneries and Development of A
Rubberized Cotton Fabric Roller For Cotton Roller Gins”, Book of the Proceedings of the 6
th WSEAS International Conference on Systems Theory and Scientific Computation
(ISCGAV,06) (ISSN: 1790-5117, ISBN:960-8457-51-3), CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number
537-523, August 21-23, 2006, Elounda, Aglos Nikolaos, Crete Island, Greece, pp. 232-259.
[60]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Eco-Friendly Rubberized Cotton Fabric Roller for Cotton
Ginneries”, Book of the Proceedings of the 6 th WSEAS International Conference on
Systems Theory and Scientific Computation, (ISCGAV,06) (ISSN: 1790-5117, ISBN:9608457-51-3), CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number 537-528, August 21-23, 2006, Elounda, Aglos
Nikolaos, Crete Island, Greece, pp. 260-275.
[61]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Environmental Impact Studies of Chrome Roller Used By Cotton
Roller Ginning Industries and Design and Development of Pollution-Free Chrome Less
Rollers” , Book of the Proceedings of the 6 th WSEAS International Conference on Systems
Theory and Scientific Computation, (ISCGAV,06) (ISSN: 1790-5117, ISBN:960-8457-51-3),
CD-ROM, WSEAS ID No. 537-519, August 21-23, 2006, Elounda, Aglos Nikolaos, Crete
Island, Greece, pp. 276-299.
[62]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Strategies for the Optimum Utilization of Energy Resources Towards
Sustainable Development”, Book of the Proceedings of the 4th IASME/ WSEAS
International Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics, (ISSN:1790-5095, ISBN:
960-8457-52-1), CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number 538-421, August 21-23, 2006,Crete Island,
Greece, pp. 395-419.
[63]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Unsafe Chromium from Cotton Ginneries and Development of an
Eco-Friendly Alternative”, Book of the Proceedings of the 4th IASME/ WSEAS
International Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics(ISSN:1790-5095, ISBN:
960-8457-52-1) CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number 538-422, August 21-23, 2006,Crete Island,
Greece, pp.420-434.
[66]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Energy Conservation Measures in Dairy Industries”, Book of the
Proceedings of the 4th IASME/ WSEAS International Conference on Fluid Mechanics and
Aerodynamics (ISSN:1790-5095, ISBN: 960-8457-52-1), CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number
538-425, August 21-23, 2006,Crete Island, Greece, pp.435-444.
[67]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Experimental Investigations on Eco-Friendly Refrigeration and Air
Conditioning Systems”, Book of the Proceedings of the 4th IASME/ WSEAS International
Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics(ISSN:1790-5095, ISBN: 960-8457-52-1),
CD-ROM, WSEAS ID No. 538-426, August 21-23, 2006, Crete Island, Greece, pp. 445-450.
[68]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Environment Management System for the Organizations to Achieve
Business Excellence”, Book of the Proceedings of the 2006 WSEAS/IASME International
ISSN: 1792-4685
229
ISBN: 978-960-474-221-9
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Environmental and Geological Science and Engineering
Conference on Energy and Environmental Systems ( ISSN:1790-5095, ISBN: 960-8457-440), EE,’06, CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number 516-508, 8-13 May 2006, Chalkida, Evia Island,
Greece, pp. 430-526.
[69] Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Environmental Health Effects of Chromium- A Modelling Approach
to find Environmental Health Effects”, Book of the Proceedings of the 2006 WSEAS/ISAME
International Conference on Energy and Environmental Systems (ISSN:1790-5095, ISBN:
960-8457-44-0), EE,’06, CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number 516-498, 8-13 May 2006, Chalkida,
Evia Island, Greece, pp. 484-495.
[70]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Environmental Effects of Chrome Composite Leather-Clad Rollers
Commonly Used by Cotton Roller Ginning Industries and Design and Development of
Chrome Less Rubberized Cotton Fabric Roller for Cotton Double Roller Ginning Machines”,
Book of the Proceedings of the 2006 WSEAS/IASME International Conference on Energy
and Environmental Systems (ISSN:1790-5095, ISBN: 960-8457-44-0), EE, ’06, CD-ROM,
WSEAS ID number 516-501, May 8-13,2006, Chalkida, Evia Island, Greece, pp. 440-474.
[71]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Eco-Friendly Rubberized Cotton Fabric Roller Development for
Cotton Roller Gins”, Book of the Proceedings of the 2006 WSEAS/IASME International
Conference on Energy and Environmental Systems (ISSN: 1790-5095, ISBN: 960-8457-440), EE, ’06,CD-ROM, WSEAS ID Number 516-502, May 8-13,2006, Chalkida, Evia Island,
pp. 475-483.
[72]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Assessment of Pollution Load From Unsafe Leather Tanneries in
India”, Book of the Proceedings of the 2006 WSEAS/IASME International Conference on
Energy and Environmental Systems (ISSN: 1790-5095, ISBN: 960-8457-44-0), EE, ’06, CDROM, WSEAS ID No. 516-512, May 8-13,2006, Chalkida , Evia Island, Greece, pp. 496505.
[73]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Some Practical Hints on Presentation of Aircraft Engines from
Corrosion Problems”, Book of the Proceedings of the 2006 WSEAS/IASME International
Conference on Energy and Environmental Systems( ISSN: 1790-5095, ISBN: 960-8457-440), EE,’06, CD-ROM, WSEAS ID number 516-518, May 8-13,2006, Chalkida, Evia Island ,
Greece, pp. 506-526.
[74]Vijayan Iyer, G.,“Unsafe Chromium Contamination and Pollution from Cotton Roller
Ginning Industries And Design and Development of Eco-Friendly Alternative”. Book
Chapter 30, Book of the 2005 Edition, Challenges of Occupational Safety and Health-Thrust
in Road Transportation , Concept Publishing Co., Darya Ganj, New Delhi-59, pp.227-234.
[75]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Eco-Friendly Rubberized Cotton Fabric Roller Development for Cotton
Roller Gins”, “Proceedings of the World Engineers Convention (ISBN: 7-5046-3929-X),
Volume ‘E’ ‘Agricultural Engineering and Food Security ( ISBN 7-89995-986-1)’ , theme
entitled “Engineers Shape the Sustainable Future”, CD-ROM , 2-6 November 2004, Shanghai
in China, China Association for Science and Technology (CAST) and World Federation of
Engineering Organizations, China Science & Technology Press”, pp. 105-114.
[76]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Important Elements of Disaster Management for Practitioners”, Institution
of Engineers(India) Proceedings Volume I of the World Congress on Natural Disaster
Mitigation (ISBN:81-7525-478-5), 19-21 February, 2004, Technical Session B-2 at Vigyan
Bhawan in New Delhi organized by Institution of Engineers (India) under the aegis of
World Federation of Engineering Organizations (WFEO), pp. 369-388. Volume III of the
Post Congress Proceedings (ISBN:81-7525-478-5), pp. 35-37.
[77]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Environmental Impact Studies of Chrome Rollers Used By Cotton
Ginning Industries and Design and Development of Chrome Less RCF Roller”, Book of 2003
Edition ‘Environment, Pollution and Management’ (ISBN: 81- 7648-419-9) , APH
Publishing Corporation, Chapter-3, pp. 75-86.
ISSN: 1792-4685
230
ISBN: 978-960-474-221-9
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Environmental and Geological Science and Engineering
[78]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Environmental and Health Effects of Chrome Composite Leather Cladded
Rollers in Cotton Roller Ginning Industries”, Book of 2002 Edition ‘ Environmental
Pollution Research (ISBN: 81-7648-259-5) ’, A.P.H Publishing Corporation, New Delhi-2,
Chapter 20, pp.270-276.
[79]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Unsafe Chromium Contamination and Pollution from Cotton Ginning
Industries”, Proceedings of the Volume I of the World Congress on Sustainable
Development - Engineering and Technological Challenges of the 21st Century (ISBN 0-07463653-7), January, 20-23, 2000, Science City , Kolkata, organized by the Institution of
Engineers (India) under the aegis of the World Federation of Engineering Organizations
(WFEO), published by Tata McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Ltd., pp. 118-140.
[80]Vijayan Iyer, G., “ Some Case Studies of Environmental Impact Assessment of the Hazardous
Industries and Need of Clean Technology Applications in these Process Industries”,
Abstracts Book of the 5 th National Teachers’ Science Congress-2009 , Focal Theme:
Understanding Planet Earth, Venue: Regional Institute of Education, Bhubaneswar, Orissa
1-4 October, 2009 , ref. No. Tamilnadu/17/III, www.ncstc-network.org.
[81]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Environmental Science and Sustainable Development are The Basis of
Environmental Education in the 21 St Century ”, Proceedings of the VII th International
conference on Challenges in Higher Education and Research in the 21 st Century, CD-ROM,
English Language Faculty of Engineering , Technical University of Sofia , Recreation Hotel,
Sozopol, Bulgaria, 2-5 June, 2009 , http://elfe.tu-sofia.bg/cher21/program_2009.doc.
[82]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Some Innovative Practices on Quantity and Quality of Engineering
Education and Research”, Proceedings of the VII th International conference on Challenges
in Higher Education and Research in the 21 st Century, CD-ROM, English Language Faculty
of Engineering , Technical University of Sofia , Recreation Hotel, Sozopol, Bulgaria, 2-5
June, 2009, http://elfe.tu-sofia.bg/cher21/program_2009.doc.
[83]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Waste Water Treatment Using Eco Bio Construction Material
Technology”, Proceedings of the 3rd World Engineers Convention (WEC), CD-ROM,
Brasilia, Brazil, 3-5 December, 2008, “Engineering : Innovation with Social responsibility ”
Theme “Social Challenges” , Date on 4 December, 2008 3.30 PM Auditorium Riacho Fundo.
[84]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Eco-friendly Chromeless Gin Roller Development of Cotton Roller “, Gins
”, Proceedings of the 3rd World Engineers Convention (WEC)–2008, CD-ROM, Brasilia,
Brazil, 3-5 December, 2008 “ Engineering : Innovation with Social Responsibility ”, Theme
“Innovation Without Degradation” .
[85]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Properties of Gin Roller Covering Materials for Cotton Double Roller
Gins”, Abstracts book of the 42nd Indian Society of Agricultural Engineers (ISAE)
Convention and Symposium, Technical Session Theme : Processing, Dairy and EngineeringII; Sub-Theme: Agro Industrial and Agricultural Storage Structures , February 02,2008 at
1:30 PM, Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering (ICAR), Bhopal, February 01-03,
2008, pp. 9.
[86]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Unsafe Chromium and its Environmental Impact Assessment”,
Proceedings of the First World Aqua Congress, CD-ROM, 28-30 November, 2007, India
Habitat Centre, New Delhi, Aqua Foundation, pp. 224-229, Chapter-27.
[87]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Environmental Science and Sustainable Development are The Basis of
Environmental Education for the 21 St Century”, Abstracts Book of the IV National
Teacher’s Science Conference 2007 (NTSC-2007), Theme entitled” Environmental
Education for Better Life” ID number 1/Tamilnadu/17 organized by NCSTC-Network , New
Delhi , Hosted by Pahal, Uttanchal , Rajeev Gandhi Navodaya Vidyalaaya , Dehradun,
www.ncstc-network.org, 22-25 September 2007,pp.69-70.
[88]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Unsafe Chromium Pollution and its Environmental Health Effects
and Control”, Abstract Book of the Sixth Symposium on New Equipment- New Technology,
ISSN: 1792-4685
231
ISBN: 978-960-474-221-9
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Environmental and Geological Science and Engineering
Management & Safety in Mines & Minerals Based Industries, Geominetech ENTMS 2007,
Bhubaneswar, 11-12, May 2007, pp. 75.
[89]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Survey of Global Energy Demand Versus Available Energy Resources”,
Program Book of the 5 th Annual Conference of Academy of International Business –India,
Theme titled ‘India in the Emerging Global Advancement’, Xavier Institute of Management,
Bhubaneswar’, 29-31 January, 2007.
[90]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Environment Management System for the Organizations to Achieve
Business Excellence”, Proceedings of the All India Seminar on Achieving Business
Excellence through Total Quality Management, Chennai: Tamilnadu State Centre of
Institution of Engineers (India), 21-22 April, 2006.
[91]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Mixing of Power Plants for Optimum Utilization of Energy Resources”
Proceedings of the Conference on Electricity – The Carrier for the Present and the Future,
organized by Indian Journal of Power and River Valley Development and Nuclear Power
Corporation of India Ltd., Kolkata, 3- 5 February 2006.
[92]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Unsafe Chromium from Cotton Ginneries and Development of A
Rubberized Cotton Fabric Roller For Cotton Roller Gins”, Program Book of the 4 th Annual
Conference on Globalization and Sectoral Development, Academy of International Business
and New Delhi: Institute for Integrated Learning in Management, February 17-19, 2006.
[93]Vijayan Iyer, G., ”Eco-Friendly Rubberized Cotton Fabric Roller for Cotton Ginning
Machines, Program Book of the 4 th Annual Conference on Globalization and Sectoral
Development, Academy of International Business and New Delhi: Institute for Integrated
Learning in Management, 17-19 February 2006.
[94]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Mixing of Power Plants for Optimum Utilization of Energy Resources”,
Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy for Sustainable Development:
Prospects and Issues for Asia, CD-ROM, Session: Electric Power Systems, 1-10: 21 Phuket
in Thailand: Asian Institute of Technology, Energy Field of Study, School of Environment,
Resources and Development, 1-3 March 2006: WI-4 (WI 1-5).
[95]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Experimental Investigation To Optimize The Utilization Of Energy
Resources”, Proceedings of the International Conference on Energy for Sustainable
Development: Prospects and Issues for Asia, CD-ROM, Renewable Energy Resources,
Thailand: Asian Institute of Technology, Energy Field of Study, School of Environment,
Resources and Development, March 1-3 , 2006: WIII- 9 , 1-10:39.
[96]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Quantity and Quality in Engineering Education and Research”, Program
Book of the Seventh WFEO World Congress on Engineering Education: Mobility of
Engineers, CD-ROM, Budapest in Hungary, World Federation of Engineering Organizations
(WFEO), 4-8 March 2006, pp.14.
[97]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Unsafe Chromium Contamination and Pollution from Cotton Roller
Ginning Industries and Design and Development of Eco-Friendly Alternative”, Proceedings
of the Sixth Annual Conference on Environment Management, Greentech Foundation,
October 22-24, 2005 , Cidade De Goa , New Delhi, pp. 119-135.
[98]Vijayan Iyer, G.,“ Eco-Friendly Rubberized Cotton Fabric Roller Development for Cotton
Roller Gins”, Proceedings of the 18 th National Convention of Agricultural Engineers and
National Seminar on Role of Agricultural Engineers in Development of Cash Crops, CDROM, March 26-27, 2005, Agricultural Engineering College and Research Institute
(Tamilnadu Agricultural University), Coimbatore, Agricultural Engineering Division of
Institution of Engineers (India), Tamilnadu Centre, pp.17-18 .
[99]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Eco-Friendly Rubberized Cotton Fabric Roller Development for Cotton
Roller Gins”, Proceedings of the Conference on Technological Advancements and
Environmental Challenges in Mining & Allied Industries in the 21st Century TECMAC-2005
, February 5-6, 2005, Rourkela, National Institute of Technology, pp. 353-386.
ISSN: 1792-4685
232
ISBN: 978-960-474-221-9
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Environmental and Geological Science and Engineering
[100]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Mixing of Power Plants For Optimum Utilization of Energy Resources”,
Proceedings of the 5 th International Exhibition and Conference on Environmental
Technology; HELECO ’05, CD-ROM, 3-6 February 2005, Exhibition Centre, HelexpoAthens, Greece: Consortium Erasmus-Helexpo and Technical Chamber of Greece under the
Auspices of the President of the Hellenic Republic, pp.11.
[101]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Improved Technologies for Optimum Utilization of Energy Resources and
Proper Mixing of Various Power Plants”, Volume-I of the Proceedings of the International
Conference on Electric Supply Industry in Transition: Issues and Prospects for Asia, CDROM, January 14-16, 2004, Pathumthani in Thailand: Asian Institute of Technology, and
Sidney University of Technology and IEEE, pp.4.7-4.27.
[102]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Some Practical Hints on Preservation of Aircraft Engines Using a Rig
from Corrosion Problems”, Proceedings of the International Seminar on 100 Years Since
First Powered Flight & Advances in Aerospace Sciences, CD-ROM, 17-18 December 2003,
Bangalore Aeronautical Society of India, pp. PS-145-156.
[103]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Efficient Methods to Improve the Productivity of a Teacher and Quality
of Lectures in Teacher Educational Institutions”, Proceedings of the National Seminar on
Innovative Practices and Experiments in School Education and Teacher Education and All
India Competition on Innovative Experiments and Practices, April , 14-17, 2003, Department
of Teacher Education & Extension(DTEE), National Institute of Education (NIE), National
Council of Educational Research & Training (NCERT) ,New Delhi , Ref. ETE-2 .
[103]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Environmental Hygiene”, 2000 Year Annual Report of the Hindustan
College of Engineering, Padur, Research and Development’, pp.52.
[104]Vijayan Iyer, G., “Unsafe Chromium Contamination and Pollution in Cotton Ginning
Industries”, Proceedings of the 15th National Convention of Environmental Engineers,
‘Enviorcon’99, 20-22 November 1999, Kolkata, Environmental Engineering Division of The
Institution of Engineers (India)-West Bengal State Centre, pp.11-19.
[105]Vijayan G. Iyer. “Resume’ of Research in Mechanical Processing-Ginning Section”,
Proceedings of the Seminar on Recent Advances in Mechanical Processing, April 26, 1995,
Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai.
[106]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Design of a Mote Grooving Tool and its Holder for Rollers of
Roller Gins”, Proceedings of the National Seminar on Recent Advances in Textile
Technology and Textile Industry in India Concurrently Held with 9 th National Convention
of Textile Engineers, November 12, 1994, Bhopal Institution of Engineers (I), M.P. Centre,
pp.5-7.
[107]Vijayan Iyer, G., 1993. “Ottai Ka Vikas”, Proceedings of the 15 th All India Scientific and
Technical Essay Competition, Kendriya Sachivalaya Hindi Parishad, Delhi.
[108] Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “ Design and Production of an Eco-friendly Ginning Technology
for the Processing of Eco-Lint color Cotton Fibres”, WSEAS Conference on Environmental
and Geological Science and Engineering ( EG’09 ) , WSEAS ID Number 625- 113, Brasov,
Romania , 24-25 September 2009 . http :// www.wseas.us/conferences/2009/brasov/eg .
[109]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Unsafe Chromium and Its Environmental Impact Assessment”,
WSEAS conference on Environmental and Geological Science and Engineering, EG’09 ,
WSEAS ID Number 625- 111, Brasov, Romania , 24-25 September 2009 . http ://
www.wseas.us/conferences/2009/brasov/eg.
[110]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., Plenary lecture entitled “ Properties of Covering Materials of
Roller Used in Cotton Roller Gins” 2 nd International Conference on Engineering Mechanics
, Structures, Engineering Geology, (EMESEG, ,09) , WSEAS Paper ID No. 620-143, Rodos
Island, Greece, July 22-24, 2009,
http://www.wseas.us/conferences/2009/rodos/emeseg/index.html.
[111]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “ Some Innovative Practices on Quantity and Quality of engineering
Education and Research” , WSEAS Proceedings of 6 th International Conference on
ISSN: 1792-4685
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ISBN: 978-960-474-221-9
Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Environmental and Geological Science and Engineering
Engineering Education (Education , 09) , WSEAS ID numbers 620-297 ; ID 624-099, Rodos
Island , Greece, July 22-24,2009,
www.wseas.us/conferences/2009/rodos/education/index/htm.
[112]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., “Eco-Friendly Chrome-Less Gin Roller Development for Cotton
Roller Gins”,World Multi Conference on Applied Economics, Business and Development
(AEBD’09), WSEAS ID No. 617-121 , La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain , 1-3,
July 2009.http://www.wseas.us/conferences/2009/lalaguna/wwai .
http://www.wseas.us/conferences/2009/lalaguna/wwai .
[113]Vijayan Iyer, G., et al., Plenary lecture entailed “Waste Water Treatment Using Eco
Bio Construction Material Technology” in WSEAS Proceedings of 11 th International
Conference on Sustainability in Science Engineering (SSE’09) , WSEAS ID number
622-107, Timisoara, Romania , 27-29 May, 2009 .
http://www.wseas.us/conferences/2009/timisoara/sse .
ISSN: 1792-4685
234
ISBN: 978-960-474-221-9