Government Printing Johor Bahru
Author:
Dr. Aziah Daud
BMedSci, MD, M.Comm.Med (Occup. Health)
Assistant Director
Occupational Health Unit, Disease Control Division
Ministry of Health Malaysia.
December 2003
i
Contents
Page
Glossary
iv
Acknowledgement
v
1. Background
1
2. Introduction
1
3. Overview of the Project
2
4. Company Profile
5
5. Needs Assessment for Government Printing
6
6. Integration of Results and Possible Priorities
14
7. Action Plan
15
8. Assessment of Occupational Health Hazards
18
9. Recommendations
20
10. Limitations
21
11. Conclusion
22
Annex 1: WHO Healthy Workplace Guidelines: Sample Questionnaire for Employees 23
Annex 2: WHO Healthy Workplace Research Project: Questionnaire Results
Obtained from the Employees of Government Printing
33
Annex 3: Healthy Workplace Form
43
Annex 4: Organization Chart of Government Printing
45
ii
Annex 5: Lay Out Plan of Government Printing Area
46
Annex 6: Flow Chart of Each Work Process
47
Annex 7: Safety and Health Policy of National Printing
51
Annex 8: Health and Safety Committee
52
Annex 9: Source of Information during Walk-through
53
Annex 10: Pictorial Events during Walk Through Survey
54
iii
Glossary
DOSH
Department of Occupational Safety and Health
EHRC
Environmental Health Research Center
HRM
Human Resource Management
IMR
Institute for Medical Research
JB
Johor Bahru
MoH
Ministry of Health
NIOSH
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
OHS
Occupational Health and Safety
OHSMS
Occupational Health and Safety Management System
PG
Pasir Gudang
PPE
Personal Protective Equipment
UWS
University of Western Sydney
WHOCC
World Health Organization Collaborating Center
WHO
World Health Organization
WTS
Walk Through Survey
iv
Acknowledgement
We would like to express our deepest appreciation to the following departments /
companies for their generous support, encouragement and contribution towards this
report :
1)
The Ministry of Health Malaysia [(Occupational and Environmental Health
Division) and (Special Program)] Kuala Lumpur.
2)
Johor Bahru District Health Office especially to Dr Khalijah Yusoff
(2nd MOH) and staff who directly involved with this project.
3)
Government Printing Johor Bahru especially to representatives (workers and
management) who participate during Walk Through Survey.
4)
EHRC
(Environmental
Health
Research
Dr Stephen Ambu and Pn Asmaliza Ismail.
v
Center)
especially
to
Healthy Workplace Report – November 2003
Government Printing Johor Bahru
1.
Background
The Western Pacific Regional Office for the WHO, has developed Regional Guidelines
for Healthy Workplaces. Released in December 1999, they were the first of their kind to
address workplace settings and while trailed in a number of countries, they had not been
fully implemented as of the commencement of this project. The recent introduction of
WHO’s healthy settings approach has shed new light on the application of health
promotion in the workplace. The workplace, like other settings, can have a very positive
impact on the health and well being of workers, their families, communities and society
at large. It is not the aim of the healthy workplace process to replace the many important
statutory occupational safety and health (OSH) requirements laid down by governments
but to compliment them with a process that provides all stakeholders, including
workforce with a voice.
The healthy workplace concept provides a valuable tool for developing or reinforcing
occupational health and safety standards so that conditions continuously improve for the
working population. However, a healthy workplace is not only free of hazards, but also
provides an environment that is stimulating and satisfying for those who work there.
There is a growing appreciation for the multiple determinants of worker’s health,
including environmental, organizational (e.g. work load, management style and
communication), community and societal factors, as well as personal lifestyle. The
healthy organization acknowledges all of these elements in the development of policies
and programmes for the well being of its workers.
2.
Introduction
A healthy workplace is a place where everyone works together to achieve an agreed
vision for the health and well being of workers and the surrounding community. It
provides all members of the workforce with physical, psychological, social and
1
organizational conditions that protect and promote health and safety. It enables managers
and workers to increase control over their own health and to improve it, and to become
more energetic, positive and contented.
Advantages of Healthy Workplace:i.
A healthy workplace encourages the development of a healthy workforce,
which is vital to a nation’s economic and social growth.
ii.
A healthy workplace offers the ideal setting for introducing health promotion
programmes.
iii.
A healthy workplace acknowledges the non-occupational factors that can
influence worker’s health, and encourages interaction with families and
communities.
iv.
A healthy workplace promotes the overall success of the organization.
v.
The healthy workplace protects the general environment and supports
sustainable development.
3.
Overview of the Project
The project has been designed to be a collaborative action research process. This
approach encourages professionals at the local level to be the researchers and be the ones
to initiate change. In this particular project, the framework for change has been handed
‘down’ from WHO in the form of the guidelines. However, the action to test out the
applicability of the guidelines is being explored by those working at the local level with
the community.
Workplaces were selected as pilot projects to ascertain the feasibility of the WHO
Regional Guidelines for the Development of Healthy Workplace under the healthy
settings concept in local situation. Selection of companies was based on their willingness
to participate actively, cooperation, collaborative partnership and sense of ownership of
the project. In Johor Bahru, Government Printing was one of the 4 selected companies for
this pilot project.
2
Objectives of the Project:•
General
To create a workplace environment that practises a comprehensive, participative
and empowering collaboration through multi-sectoral and multidisciplinary
approach to ensure that such practices are sustainable and compliant to the
necessary legislations and regulations.
•
Specific
To create a sustainable health-supportive and safe work environment.
-
To develop workplaces that emphasize health promotion, health protection
and safe work practices as an integral part of management.
-
To support employers’ and employees’ participation in health promotion and
safety programmes.
The Initial Collaborating Researchers for this Project are:1. Johor Bahru District Health Office: Led by Dr Daud Abdul Rahim.
2. Johor Bahru District Health Office: En Mohamad Najib Hassan (team leader).
3. Government Printing: The groups involve representatives from the industry
(workers, management, OH officers).
4. EHRC: Dr Stephen Ambu and Pn Asmaliza Ismail.
5. WHOCC: Dr Brent Powis, Dr Zina O’Leary and Mr Javed Ahmedi.
6. External Corporate Support: This includes the participation of 3M Australia and
Malaysia to provide OHS expertise, Mr Michael Camphell from Australia and Mr
Lim Geok Tian from Malaysia.
3
The Development of Healthy Workplace can be Viewed as an 8 – Step Process:Step 1:
Ensure Management Support
Step 2:
Establish a Coordinating Body
Step 3:
Conduct Needs Assessment
Step 4:
Prioritize Needs
Step 5:
Develop an Action Plan
Step 6:
Implement the Plan
Step 7:
Evaluate the Process and Outcome
Step 8:
Revise and Update the Program
This report aims to provide the Government Printing Coordinating Body with a summary
of the outcome of Step 3 and a set of working framework for Step 4. The requirements
under the guidelines for these steps are as follows:
Step 3 – Conduct Needs Assessment
This involves gathering relevant information about health and safety needs and concerns,
existing health policies and safety practices. The goals of the needs assessment are to
identify potential health risks and to generate interest in the program among the staff.
Detailed findings of the needs assessment should be reported to the coordinating body
and to management and the workers. The needs assessment report can be a useful tool to
reinforce or gain further support from management.
Step 4 – Prioritize Needs
The problems are then prioritizes based on interest and need, potential health risk and
available resources. Areas where the workplace is not in compliance with existing
legislation will be more urgent priorities. The information collected will provide the basis
for developing program initiatives.
4
4.
Company Profile
Name of Factory
:
Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Berhad (PNMB)
Factory Address
:
Jalan Datin Halimah, 80350 Johor Bahru
Ownership
:
Kementerian Kewangan Malaysia
Year Establish
:
1973
Area of Factory
:
Larkin
Products:
Printing Government and Commercial Forms, Greeting Cards, Diaries, Calendars, Pads,
Ledgers, Journals, Qur’an, Hadith, Reports, Type-Setting, Scanning, Binding, Print-OnDemand, Labels, Exercise Books, Automated Tickets and Boarding Passes, Law-OnLine, Government Gazettes, Malaysia Laws, Economic Reports, Parliamentary Papers,
Brochures, Government Reports.
Percetakan Nasional Malaysia Bhd (formerly known as Jabatan Percetakan Negara before
its corporatisation on 1 January 1993) was first established in 1888 in Taiping and was
then known as the 'Perak Government Printing Office'. It was later known as the Selangor
Printing Office after it moved to Selangor and was subsequently called the FMS
Government Printing Office in 1901. During the British Military Administration it was
named 'the Department of Publicity and Printing' and not long afterwards it was named
'the Malayan Union Government Press' followed by 'the Federation of Malaya
Government Printing Office'. After independence it was named the Government Printing
Department or Jabatan Cetak Kerajaan. It is wholly owned by The Government of
Malaysia.
With 100 years of experience in the printing business, ranging from the printing of books,
Government Gazettes, Bills, Acts of Parliament, Parliamentary Papers, Reports, White
Papers, etc, PNMB has certainly come a long way and is one of the foremost printers in
the country. Needless to say, being the only printer appointed by the Government of
Malaysia and the Government of the States in West Malaysia and Sarawak, the trust that
5
is placed on PNMB by the highest authority is the manifestation of PNMB's vast
experience and sound record.
Flow Chart of the Manufacturing Process:
No.
Description / Stages
Process of Work
1. Marketing
Material order
Letter
2. Planning
Sorting every work process
Sorting of work
3. Pre printing
Pre setting
Off set
4. Plate making
Draft printing
5. Printing
Final printing
Printing procedure
6. Binding
Arrangement for packing
Packing – for distribution
7. Store
- Chemical product
Material arrangement
- Paper
- Finish product
5.
Needs Assessment for Government Printing
The assessment of needs for the Government Printing was conducted throughout the
factory. The needs assessment conducted at the Government Printing followed the
methodology provided in the WHO Regional Guidelines for Healthy Workplaces. As
indicated in the guidelines, three (3) major tools were used:
(i)
Walk Through Survey (WTS)
(ii)
Questionnaire; and
(iii)
Focus group discussions
(i) Walk Through Survey (WTS)
A workplace inspection was conducted at Government Printing in September 2003 to
identify hazards and potential health risks in the physical and organizational environment.
6
Employment Data
The total population at the Government Printing is 96 as of September 2003
No.
Category
Male
Female
Total
i.
Administration/Finance
3
6
9
ii.
Marketing
6
2
8
iii.
Pre printing/Planning
17
11
28
iv.
Printing
18
-
18
v.
Binding
15
10
25
vi.
Store
5
3
8
64
32
96
Total
Welfare Facilities
Working hours for administration staff is 8.00am to 5.15pm. However, the machines
operate in two shifts; 8.00am to 5.00pm for shift 1 and 1.30pm to 10.00pm for shift 2.
Various facilities are not provided for both male and female employees such as:
•
Rest rooms
•
Change rooms
•
Lockers
•
Recreation based facilities
Sanitary Facilities
The number of toilets for both males and females are 2 and 2 respectively. The
cleanliness of all toilets is not satisfactory.
Occupational Health Service
Government Printing was found to have a policy/procedure document. A First Aid Box is
available but partially equipped. Supervisors and workers are not trained in emergency
7
management and first aid. Additionally, emergency room and sick/minor accident
facilities are not provided. Similarly, Government Printing lacks the employment of an on
site Medical Officer; however Government Printing has a Safety Officer. A vehicle is
provided for transportation to the nearest clinic in an event of a medical emergency. Pre
employment medical examination is a requirement in this factory.
WTS Results – Issues of Concern
Throughout the premises a number of locations were identified as potentially hazardous
with several observations being made of both staff failing to wear personal protective
equipment (PPE) and sensory evidence of indoor contamination by chemicals
accompanied by poor ventilation. Each area did have installed some control measures
such as exhaust fans, sprinklers and air conditioners. However, these measures either
were not totally effective or may not have been functioning adequately at the time
observations were made.
These initial observations identified a number of concerns as shown below:
LOCATION
Layout
making
–
OBSERVATION
Setting/Plate Poor ventilation, machine guarding off, some workers not
wearing PPE, risks associated with manual handling, and
ergonomic stress from some workers standing
Offset Printer
Possible noise and heat problem, paper dust and chemical
smell
Binding – Cutter, Gum Paper dust, chemical smell and potential of injury by
machine
and
Wire
workers engaged in manual handling
stretching
Store
–
Chemical Poor lighting and poor ventilation
products, paper and finish
8
(ii) Questionnaire Results – issues highlighted by workers
1. Health promotion issues
Exercise
54
53
52
51
50
49
48
47
46
45
44
53
47
Exercise YES
Exercise NO
%
▲ Based on questions 11, 12 and 13 in the questionnaire, 53% exercised regularly and
47% did not.
▲ Reasons for not exercising regularly:
» 62% : Lack of time
» 12% : Lack of facilities
» 12% : Health problems
»
8% : Little interest in exercise
»
4% : Tired
»
4% : Other issues
Of the 47% who initially noted that they do not exercise regularly, 86% highlighted that
they would exercise if facilities were provided at the workplace. Conversely 14% said
that they would not exercise regardless of the facilities.
9
Smoking
75
80
70
60
50
40
30
%
20
20
5
10
0
Smoker
Non-smoker
Ex-smoker
Questions 14, 15 and 16 were relate to smoking, below are the results obtained:
▲ Out of 44 employees, 20% were smokers, 75% non-smokers and 5% ex-smokers.
▲ Among smokers (9 workers), 91% expressed the desire to stop smoking and 9% still
do not want to stop the habit.
▲ Among the smokers, 67% would be interested in joining a smoking cessation club
while 33% were not interested.
10
2. Rating of own health
Job and Life
50
50
46
40
30
%
20
10
4
0
Very Good
Rather Good
Difficulties
Referring to questions 17 and 18 in the Healthy Workplace Questionnaire:
▲ Among 48 workers sampled, 46% felt very good about job and life, 50% felt rather
good and 4% were having difficulties with their job and life.
▲ Factors that workers think would improve their quality of life:
» 27% :
Removal and management of stress
» 22% :
Exercise would improve their health
» 17% :
Checking and control of blood pressure
» 12% :
Eating better
»
7% :
Quitting or reducing of smoking
»
7% :
Specified medical treatment
»
5% :
Highlighted the changing of the home situation
»
1% :
Changing the job
Health and Job
Questions 19, 20 and 21 referred to workers feelings about their job and employer.
▲ Referring to question 19, the workers were satisfied with their job and the
involvement in decision making. There were considerable levels of responses which were
not sure in areas of feeling towards employer attitude relating to stress at work, interest
in wellbeing, job fairness and their perception on level of reward against
effort.
11
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
43
28
28
%
Too Littlle
Just Enough
Too Much
▲ For question 20, in relation to the level of challenge, 43% considered just enough,
28% too much and 28% too little.
▲ Question 21 provided the workers an opportunity to identify the causes of stress at
work. The top six (6) causes are:
» 1. 22%
- Lack of communication
» 2. 14%
- Time management (dislike hours, time pressure, unscheduled
overtime, deadlines)
» 3.
9%
- Job changes (job change / too many changes)
» 4.
7%
- Lack of influence
» 5.
5%
- Conflict at work
» 6.
4%
- Exhaustion (physical, mental)
12
Safety Hazards
50
49
40
36
30
%
20
10
5
6
1
0
Phy
Che
Bio
Rad
1
Erg
None
For questions 22, 23 and 24, the following results were obtained:
▲ 49% of workers concerns on physical hazards (too hot, too cold, bad air, noise,
vibration, lighting, fire explosion, litter/mess, dust, unsafe plant, electrical hazards,
slips/drips, travel hazards and toilet facilities); 5% on chemical hazards, 6% on biological
hazards and 1% on radiation.
▲ 36% of workers concerns on issues relating to ergonomics (workspace, unsafe work,
lack of safety training, physical strain, eye strain, manual handling and work station
design) and 1% had no problems at all with the job environment.
▲ Out of 32 potential hazards, below are the top in ranking:
»
1. Workspace
23%
»
2. Too hot
13%
»
3. Unsafe plant
12%
»
4. Bad air
10%
3. Health Interest
Based on questions 25 and 26 in the questionnaire:
▲ 94% of the total sample would be interested to participate in the health program and
6% were not interested.
13
▲ In the consideration of the payment for joining the program, 57% of the workers
willing to pay and 43% were not interested in such program.
▲ The most interested health issues for the workers are:
6.
»
1. Nutrition
19%
»
2. Exercise
18%
»
3. Stress management
11%
Integration of Results and Possible Priorities
When the results from the Worker Survey and Walk Through Survey were viewed
together, a number of common issues have been identified. Both sets of data indicate that
the Government Printing needs attention in a number of health and safety issues.
Below are the issues in priority order:
1. Physical Hazards – the risks need to be assessed more thoroughly in view of
current levels of lighting, noise and temperature.
2. Chemical Hazards – WTS highlighted the need for some detailed study and
potential management of chemical in particular those found in the air. There was
also concern to address the adequacy of ventilation and exhaust systems which
may be linked to the control of chemical agents. The concern for the potential for
dust to pose a risk was also emphasized.
3. Ergonomics – worker awareness of the potential hazards associated with various
ergonomic issues was supported by the WTS which identified areas of concern
related to manual handling, standing and positions.
4. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) – WTS identified a number of instances
where PPE was not being utilized. This is consistent with the apparent lack of
interest in safety training by the workers implying their lack of understanding of
the risks.
14
5. Stress Management – the issues of stress have been identified as important and
potentially interrelated with a number of other factors namely; mental exhaustion,
lack of exercise, poor nutrition, boredom, ill health, smoking, time and job
management at work and home life. Workers identified a number of issues related
to Human Resource Management (HRM), and these contribute stress to workers.
Stress management is a useful window to view and address many issues raised
before. Improvement in stress levels is likely to improve health of workers, reduce
injury/sickness levels, enhance morale and improve productivity.
7.
Action Plan / Recommendation
Following the final identification of priorities, the guidelines call for the establishment of
an action plan. Such a plan should contain in it a commitment to implement a particular
strategy to over come the issues identified in the needs assessment. This includes:
•
Aim
•
Methods
•
Responsible agency
Draft Action Plan (initial considerations):
Following initial discussions among the JB, PG Health Teams and the EHRC, the
following action plan framework was developed to address the major areas of concern
identified to date.
15
A. Physical Hazards
Aim – to assess and manage risks associated with noise, heat and lighting in the
workplace
OBJECTIVE
ACTIVITY
AGENCY
Determine base line
Physical survey of noise, light,
JB Health team / DOSH /
levels
temperature and dust levels
EHRC
Determine health
Survey of staff for hearing levels /
JB Health team
impacts
heat stress
Identify
Liaison with DOSH / 3M / EHRC
Government Printing /
Management options
and other options
EHRC
Improve situation
Implement change
Government Printing
Evaluate outcome
Monitor site and workers
JB Health team / DOSH /
EHRC
B. Ergonomics
Aim – to reduce health impacts associated with ergonomics factors
OBJECTIVE
ACTIVITY
AGENCY
Identify risk groups
Walk Through Survey
Government Printing /
DOSH
Assess risk levels of
Interview workers, conduct health
JB Health team /
a particular group
assessment – health diary
Government Printing
Determine
Review workstation / job design /
DOSH / Government
management options
rotation
Printing
Situation
Implement change
Government Printing
Interview / health assessment
JB Health team
improvement
Evaluation
16
C. Chemical Hazards
Aim – to identify level of chemicals in the air, the associated health risks and areas for
improvement
OBJECTIVE
ACTIVITY
AGENCY
Assess levels
Conduct chemical assessment /
DOSH / EHRC
airflow monitoring of selected areas
Assess health impact
Determine physical effects
JB Health team / EHRC
Situation
Seek advise, options and implement
Government Printing /
improvement
Evaluation
EHRC
Monitor impacts
Government Printing /
DOSH / EHRC
D. Personal Protective Equipment / Safety Procedures
Aim – to assess adequacy of PPE measures and implement training
OBJECTIVE
ACTIVITY
AGENCY
Identify needs and
Survey of PPE requirements
Government Printing /
gaps
Identify additional requirements for
DOSH
safety procedures
Assess barriers to
Conduct survey of staff
change
Improve usage
JB Health team /
Government Printing
Design and delivery safety
DOSH
workshops to staff
Review policy /
Identify need for change in safety
Government Printing /
practice
management procedures and
DOSH
communication systems
Evaluation
Conduct survey
JB Health team /
Government Printing
17
E. Other Areas for Development
8.
(i)
Stress Management (Communications at work)
(ii)
Job and Time Management
Assessment of Occupational Health Hazards
Hazard
Place of Work
Observation
1. Physical
a. Layout – Setting / plate making
- Lighting
Control Taken
- Machine (cover off)
- Manual handling
- Not wearing gloves
- Waste recycle
- No shoes
b. Offset (printing machine)
- Open container
- Ozonizer
- Poor ventilation
- Exhaust fan
- Noise
c. Binding - Cutter
- Heat
- Air condition
- Paper dust
- Exhaust fan
- Paper dust
- Exhaust fan
- Gum machine
- Smell
- Wire stitching
- Physical injury (manual
handling)
d. Store – Chemical product
- Restricted area
- Paper
- Poor lighting
- Exhaust fan
- Finish product
- Poor ventilation
- Sign board (safety
- Physical injury
first)
-
Entry
after
minute
- No smoking
18
3
Hazard
Place of Work
Observation
Control Taken
2. Chemical
a. Layout – Setting / Plate making
- Manual handling
- Waste recycle
- Dark room
- Not wearing gloves
(Agfa G101C/G333C) / Developer
b. Offset (printing machine)
- No shoes
- Ozonizer
- Open container
- Exhaust fan
- Poor ventilation
- Sprinkler
- Chemical smell
- Air condition
(Emerland soft 2450E)
- Exhaust fan
c. Binding – Gum machine
- Chemical smell
- Exhaust fan
d. Store – Chemical product
- Poor ventilation
- Restricted area
- Exhaust fan outlet
- Exhaust fan
- Paper
- Finish product
- Sign board (safety
first)
-
Entry
after
minute
- No smoking
- Sprinkler
- Fire extinguisher
3. Ergonomic
a. Layout – Setting
- Manual handling
b. Offset (printing machine)
- Standing work
- Eye stress (computer work)
19
3
9.
Recommendations
The immediate actions recommended are:
1. Review needs assessment report and amend as required
2. Identify priorities for action
3. Develop an Action Plan (Step 5)
4. Implement the plan (Step 6)
The following are the specific recommendations:
a) The survey of lighting, noise, temperature and dust levels should be done more
thoroughly to get the baseline and to monitor the levels continuously.
b) Management of Government Printing should liaise with DOSH and EHRC to
identify the options for improving the situations to implement the changes.
c) Air monitoring of selected areas should be conducted periodically to assess the
chemical levels and continuous evaluation to monitor the impacts.
d) To review the issues relating to ergonomics (work station design, manual
handling and work space)in assessing the risk levels of a particular working
group.
e) To conduct health assessment specifically for ergonomic factors and also
interview the workers to assess the improvement of the working situation.
f) To conduct the workshops to all workers to deliver safety information on PPE
requirements and to identify additional requirements for safety procedures.
g) To review the policy or workplace practice to identify the need for change in
safety management procedures and communication systems.
h) Health promotion should be continued as plan in schedule program and better
arrangement should be done to avoid the similar problem in future.
i)
All workers should be exposed to Stress Management courses for better coping
mechanism.
j)
To develop better communication skill between employers and employees so that
any working related problems can be solved faster and easier without barrier.
20
k) Various facilities (rest room, changing room, lockers and recreation based
facilities) should be provided for both male and female employees so that their
welfare is taking care by their managers.
10.
Limitations
•
Health promotion was not completed on schedule. The reason was because lack of
staff.
•
Delay in conducting medical examination due to inability to meet schedule
appointments because of miscommunication and also busy with other core duties.
•
This report is written based only on secondary data, reports and interview with the
personnel and administration officer and staff involved from Johor Bahru Health
Office. Accuracy and precision of data cannot be verified, the content of this
report depends much on the completeness of available information and data.
•
Limitation in writer’s knowledge because only involve at the end of the project
and critical judgments made could be biased since it is based on secondary
information and the writer’s impression.
•
Some of the documents no longer available at Johor Bahru Health Office and also
Institute of Medical Research (IMR).
•
Raw data on the questionnaire for employees were not available, comments will
be made only on the pre analyzed data and were only descriptive statistics were
available.
•
The questionnaire administered was in Bahasa Malaysia version but reliability /
validity of the translated questionnaire is questionable and no back-to-back
translation.
•
No focus group discussion was done for needs assessment as suggested in the
Regional Guideline.
21
11.
Conclusion
The implementation of the guidelines is now entering its most important phase, the
determination and implementation of change. The need for specialists to support the
various activities will necessitate the Coordinating Committee extending its support
network.
The healthy workplace concept provides a valuable tool for developing or reinforcing
occupational health and safety standards so that conditions can continuously be improved
for employees and employers. A healthy workplace is not only free of hazards but also
provides an environment that is stimulating and satisfying for everyone who works there.
This program also benefited the employers and employees by creating awareness on
healthy living among the workforce.
22
WHO Healthy Workplace Guidelines: Sample Questionnaire for Employees
HEALTHY WORKPLACE PROGRAMME
QUESTIONNARE FOR EMPLOYEES
23
Annex 1:
HEALTHY WORKPLACE EMPLOYEE QUESTIONNAIRE
1:1:
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
Annex 2:
WHO Healthy Workplace Research Project:
Questionnaire Results Obtained from the Employees of Government Printing
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
Annex 3:
Healthy Workplace Form
HOW HEALTHY IS YOUR WORKPLACE?
Instructions:
In the following checklist, select a score between 0 (least healthy) and 2 (healthiest)
which best describes your workplace for each category on the list. Feel free to add any
remarks to illustrate or clarify your score.
Score
(0 /1 /2)
Workplace Policies (PO)
PO1 – Healthy workplace policy in place
PO1 – Enforced alcohol and drug-free workplace
PO1 – High level of nutrition and food safety in canteen
PO2 – Health and Safety Committee established
PO3 – Established indicators for monitoring progress
PO4 – Education and training on health and safety
PO5 – Human resources management policies
The Organizational Environment (OE)
OE1 – Worker participation in decision-making
OE1 – Realistic deadlines established
OE1 – Opportunity to do a variety of tasks
OE1 – Sufficient break time
OE1 – Good relations among staff
OE1 - Recognition for high performance
OE2 – Shift work causes minimum harm
OE3 – Support provided to retiring staff
OE4 – Protection for staff with special needs
The Physical Environment (PE)
PE1 – Provision of a safe and healthy environment
PE2 – Minimized exposure to work-related hazards
PE3 – Safe use of personal protective equipment
PE4 – Manager held accountable for health and safety
PE5 – Adequate sanitation and water
Lifestyles and Personal Health Skills (HL)
HL1 – Support for healthy lifestyles
HL2 – Programmes in nutrition
HL2 – Programmes in smoking cessation
HL2 – Programmes in physical fitness
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Remarks
HL2 – Programmes in stress management
HL2 – Programmes in reproductive and sexual health
HL3 – Enterprise connects with family and community
Health Services (HS)
HS1 – Basic health services available to staff
HS2 – Rehabilitation and return to work programmes
HS3 – Participation of local health services
Impact on the External Environment (EE)
EE1 – Prevents pollution of external environment
EE2 – Access to safe transport to and from work
EE3 – Plays positive role in community life
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Annex 4: Organization Chart of Government Printing
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Annex 5:
PELAN TAPAK
Lay Out Plan of Government Printing Area
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Annex 6:
Flow Chart of Each Work Process
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Annex 7:
Safety and Health Policy of National Printing
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Annex 8:
Health and Safety Committee
Penaung
Pengurus Cawangan
(En. Nazri bin Sharif)
Pengerusi
Penyelia Kanan Pemasaran
(En. Suhaimi bin Darus)
Ahli Jawatankuasa:
1. Pn Rusnah bt Mahmood
2. En. Md. Nasir bin Muslim
3. En. Othman bin Abdullah
4. En. Hasnan bin Rahman
5. En. Rahman bin Borhan
6. En. Mostaipor Jarip bin Sejawi
7. En. Kamaruddin bin Abu
8. En. Md. Fairuz bin Muhamad
9. Puan Zaharah bt Ahmad
10. En. Md. Saiful Nizam bin Mat Kari
– Perancang
– Mesin Offset
- Mesin Ceparas
- Mesin Ceparas
- Jilid
- Jilid
- Mesin Offset
- Pra-cetak
- Jilid
- Pembantu Tadbir
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Annex 9:
Source of Information during Walk-through
1.
Elicit critical data on hazards and controls from the staff carrying out the work
2.
Use
• Senses
• Smell
• Noise – interference on conversation
• Heat stress – perspiration, dampening clothing subjective feeling of heat
from radiant sources
3.
Record with photographs
• Memory aid for report preparation
• Useful for communication
• Useful for planning air monitoring strategies
4.
Smoke tube
• Local exhaust
• General air movement
• Drift of air-borne contaminants
5.
Observation
• Ergonomic factors
• Lighting
• Unsafe work practices
• Unguarded equipment
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Annex 10:
Pictorial Events During Talk Through Survey
Walk Through Survey Government Printing Johor Bahru
September 2003
At Johor Bahru Health Office before visit started!! !
Government Printing (Front view)
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After meeting with Government Printing Staff
Marketing Unit
Visit started
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Pre printing / Planning Unit
Staff using the Computer for setting the best design
Computer is the main asset in Government Printing
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Camera Unit – Using Dianeppon Camera size 42 x 42 to process the film and it
can produced 36 x 46 maximum film size
The film is being produced
The chemicals that been used for processing the film (developer)
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Positive and negative film from pre printing or
camera unit will be sent here to produce plate
Plate – after completed the process
Ready Plate – will be sent to Printing Unit
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Printing Area
Some of the printing machine in this unit
Standard Operating Procedure in printing area
Chemicals using in printing process
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Workers using the forklift to lift up the heavy object
First aid box – partially equipped
Smoking is strictly prohibited in printing area
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There are 2 fire extinguishers provided in this area
Never the less surrounding housekeeping is unsatisfactory.
The sink is provided for workers to wash their hand
The alternative exit was obstructed.
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Binding Area
Workers binding the books
Binding machine
Inadequate ventilation
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Store Area
The hazardous and non hazardous materials were stored together.
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Dangerous Situation …
Hanging wire …
Food container on the
binding machine …
The worker is at risk of entrapping his
hand into the machine
Workers not using PPE while cutting the paper
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