Check List 5(2): 173–194, 2009.
ISSN: 1809-127X
LISTS OF SPECIES
Tree Wealth of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India:
An updated checklist
Chintala Sudhakar Reddy 1
Kamasani Narasimha Reddy 2
Elagonda Narasimha Murthy 3
Vatsavaya Satyanarayana Raju 3
1
Forestry & Ecology Division, National Remote Sensing Centre.
Balanagar, Hyderabad -500 037, India. E-mail: csreddy_nrsa@rediffmail.com
2
3
Laila Impex, R&D Centre, Unit-1, Phase-3, Jawahar Autonagar.
Vijayawada 520 007, India.
Plant Systematics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Kakatiya University,
Warangal - 506 009, India.
Abstract: A checklist of all indigenous and naturalized trees of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh State, India was
made. There are as many as 510 taxa (73 families, 252 genera) in the Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh State which here
enumerated under family names alphabetically. The nomenclature of the taxa is updated. The popular name, trade
name, tree height, vegetation type, and district-wise distribution to each taxon are provided in tabular form. Country of
origin / nativity was provided for exotic species. Of the total 510 indigenous/naturalised species, 40% are distributed in
a wide variety of vegetation types.
Introduction
Trees are the major constituents of forests and
have been called the structural elements of the
ecosystem. A tree, by forester’s and ecologist's
definition, is a woody plant that attains diameter
of 10cm (30cm girth) or more at the breast height
(130cm above ground). The trees differ from other
plants in having cambium tissue that accounts for
the woody nature of the stem. Shrubs, which are
also woody, differ from trees as the first branch
extensively from the base near the ground while
the trees branch much above and usually have a
single stem emerging from the ground level.
Trees provide basic needs of human beings in the
form of air, food, timber, plywood, paper, fuel
wood, medicine etc. They form the most
noticeable living objects. In the absence of a
detailed database of tree wealth Eastern Ghats of
Andhra Pradesh, the present study has been
undertaken
Material and Methods
The Eastern Ghats are isolated hill ranges in
Peninsular India, that harbours primarily tropical
deciduous vegetation, found in eastern parts of
Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Eastern
Ghats of Andhra Pradesh (lying between 13°30' 19°07' N and 77°28' - 84°45' E) covers a hilly
terrain of Coastal Andhra with nine districts:
Srikakulam, Vizianagaram, Visakhapatnam, East
Godavari, West Godavari (north coastal districts),
Guntur, Krishna, Nellore, Prakasam (south coastal
districts) and (2) Rayalaseema with four Ceded
districts: Anantapur, Chittoor, Cuddapah and
Kurnool (3) Telangana (Deccan) with 3 districts:
Khammam, Mahabubnagar, Nalgonda (Figure 1).
The wide range of topography and other physical
features of the Eastern Ghats in Andhra Pradesh
State, provided by the hills raising to about
1527 m altitude, shaped the land to harbour rich
and varied flora. The principal geological
formations were Charnockites and Khondalites in
northern part and Quartzites and Slate formations
(Cuddapah basin) in southern part. The rainfall
varies in between 600 mm in southern Eastern
Ghats to 1700 mm in northern Eastern Ghats. The
forests in the Ghats are broadly classified into
Tropical Dry Deciduous, Tropical Moist
Deciduous, Tropical Semi-Evergreen, Tropical
Thorn (scrub) and Tropical Dry Evergreen types
(Champion & Seth, 1968). The number of
173
Check List 5(2): 173–194, 2009.
ISSN: 1809-127X
LISTS OF SPECIES
flowering plant taxa occurring in the Andhra
Pradesh is 2750 (Gamble & Fischer 1935,
Pullaiah et al., 1997, Reddy et al. 2001, Reddy et
al. 2002, Reddy & Raju, 2006).
Information from three sources was utilized to
prepare a checklist: specimens deposited in
various herbaria, taxonomic literature, and field
surveys. Information of species presents family
and genus-wise alphabetically arranged (Table 1).
Additional information such as popular (Telugu)
and trade names, tree height (large, medium or
small), vegetation type, district-wise distribution
in the Eastern Ghats of State are provided.
Figure 1. Map of India showing Eastern Ghats in Andhra Pradesh state.
174
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Results and Discussion
The present article records 510 trees, which
pertain to 252 genera of 73 families of flowering
plants. Of the 73 families, 20 are represented by
single species and 12 with more than 11 species.
Euphorbiaceae is the dominant family with 60
species, followed by Rubiaceae (38), Moraceae
(27), Mimosaceae (25), Verbenaceae (21),
Rutaceae (20). Caesalpiniaceae (17), Tiliaceae
(16), Meliaceae (13), Cordiaceae (12), Lauraceae
(12), Papilionaceae (12). They add up to 273
species (53 %). Tree height is ranges from 61 %
of small trees, 28 % of medium sized and 11 % of
large trees.
Of the total 510 indigenous/naturalised species,
40 % are distributed in a wide variety of
vegetation types (i.e. are ‘wide niched’ or
‘generalists’) while 60 % are restricted to single
vegetation type (i.e. are ‘narrow niched’ or
‘habitat specialists’). Vegetation type wise
analysis reveals that, nearly 61.2 % of the taxa
inhabit moist deciduous forests, 42.4 % of in dry
deciduous forests, 32.2 % of in semievergreen
forests, 10.2 % in thorn forests and dry evergreen
(1 %). Of these, moist deciduous forests contain
74 exclusive species, followed by dry deciduous
forests (45), semievergreen (42) and thorn (22).
The district-wise analysis of Eastern Ghats shows
that 201 species were common to all the districts.
Visakhapatnam with 329 taxa tops the list,
followed by East Godavari (252), Chittoor (244),
Cuddapah (236), and Kurnool (229). The large
number of reports from the above districts may be
due to more exploratory studies and/ or their
geographic locations.
————————————————
Table 1. Checklist of tree wealth of Eastern Ghats of Andhra Pradesh, India.
Sl.
Botanical name
Aceraceae
1
Acer niveum Blume
Alangiaceae
2
Alangium chinense (Lour.) Harms
(A.begonifolium Baillon)
3
A. salvifolium (L.f.) Wangerin ssp.
salvifolium (A. decapetalum Lam.)
4
A.hexapetalum Lam.
Anacardiaceae
5
Anacardium occidentale L.
6
7
8
Buchanania axillaris (Desr.)
Ramam.(B. angustifolia Roxb.)
B. lanzan Spreng.
Tree
Height
Vegetation type
Distribution
Large
Semievergreen forests
VSKP
Small
Thorn forests
VJN,VSKP
Small
Thorn forests and hedges
All districts
Small
Thorn forests and hedges
All districts
Medium
Cultivated; naturalised in
forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
All districts
Deciduous forests
All districts
Deciduous forests
All districts
Deciduous
forests/cultivated
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Thorn forests
All districts
Small
Small to
medium
Medium
9
Lannea coromandelica (Houtt.)
Merr.
Mangifera indica L.
10
Nothopegia heyneana (Hook.f)
Small
11
Rhus mysorensis G.Don
Small
12
R. paniculata Wall ex Hook.f
Small
13
14
Semecarpus anacardium L.f.
Spondias pinnata (L.f.) Kurz (S.
Small
Medium
Medium
Hills of Moist Deciduous
forests
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
VSKP
All districts
All districts
All districts
CDP
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
Tree
Height
Vegetation type
Distribution
mangifera Willd..)
Annonaceae
15
Alphonsea madraspatana Bedd.
Medium
16
A. sclerocarpa Thw.
Medium
17
Annona reticulata L.
Small
18
A. squamosa L.
Small
19
Miliusa montana Gardn.ex Hook.f. &
Thoms.
M. tomentosa (Roxb.) Sinclair
(Saccopetalum tomentosum Hook.f.
& Thoms.)
M. velutina Hook.f. & Thoms
Polyalthia cerasoides (Roxb.)Bedd.
P. suberosa (Roxb.)Thw.
Uvaria hamiltonii Hook.f. & Thoms.
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Cultivated/Naturalised in
skirts of villages and Thorn
forests
Cultivated/Naturalised in
skirts of villages and Thorn
forests
Deciduous forests
Medium
Deciduous forests
VSKP, EG, KNL.
Medium
Small
Small
Small
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Hills of Moist Deciduous
forests
VSKP,KNL,NLR.
All districts.
N. Coastal districts.
EG, VSKP
Apocynaceae
25
Alstonia nerifoloia D.Don
Small
EG
26
A. scholaris (L.) R.Br
Large
27
A. venenata R. Br
Small
28
Carissa carandas L.
Small
Hills of Moist Deciduous
forests
Moist deciduous forests/
cultivated
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Thorn forests
29
Cascabela thevetia (L.) Lippold
(Thevetia nerifolia Juss.)
Holarrhena pubescens (Buch.-Ham.)
Wall. ex G.Don (H. antidysenmterica
Wall. ex DC.)
Wrightia arborea (Dennst.)
Mabb.(W. tomentosa Roem. &
Schult)
Wrightia tinctoria R.Br.
Small
Cultivated / Naturalised
N. coastal districts;
Cultivated in all districts
N. Coastal districts,
CDP,KMM
VSKP, EG, WG, &
KSN,CDP
All districts
Small
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small to
medium
Dry deciduous and Thorn
forests
All districts
Small
Small
Small
Semievergreen forests
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
VSKP, EG
VSKP, EG, WG
NLG, MBN, GNT, CDP
Very
large
Thorn forests; Disturbed
localities, Aggressive
colonizer
Moist deciduous forests/
cultivated
All districts
20
21
22
23
24
30
31
32
Araliaceae
33
Schefflera clarkiana Craib
34
S. roxburghii Gamble
35
S. venulosa (Wight & Arn.)
Arecaceae
36
Borassus flabellifer L.
37
Caryota urens L.
Semievergreen forests
Very
large
VSKP, CDP
VJN,VSKP, EG, CTR,CDP.
All districts
All districts
NLR,CDP
All districts
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
38
39
Phoenix lourierii Kunth (P. humilis
Royle)
P. robusta (Becc) Becc & Hook.f.
40
P. sylvestris Roxb.
Balanitaceae
41
Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del.(B.
roxburghii Planch.)
Barringtoniaceae
42
Barringtonia acutangula(L.)
Gaertn.subsp. acutangula
Bignoniaceae
43
Dolichandrone arcuata (Wight)
Clarke
44
D. atrovirens (Roth.) Sprague (D.
crispa Seem)
45
D. falcata (Wall. Ex DC.) Seem
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
D. falcata Seem var. lawii (Seem)
Haines
Heterophargma quadriloculare
(Roxb.) Schum. (H. roxburghii DC.)
Millingtonia hortensis L.f.
Oroxylum indicum (L.) Vent.
Radermachera xylocarpa (Roxb.)
Schum.
Stereospermum angustifolium Haines
S. personatum (Hassk.) Chatterjee (S.
chelonoides auct. non (L.F.) DC.)
S. suaveolens (Roxb.) DC.
Bombacaceae
54
Bombax ceiba L.(B. malabaricum
DC.)
55
Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.
Burseraceae
56
Boswellia ovalifoliolata Balk.ex
Henry
57
Boswellia serrata Roxb. ex
Colebr.(B. glabra Roxb.)
58
Commiphora berryi (Arn.) Engler
59
Commiphora caudata (Wight &
Arn.) Engler (Protium caudatum
Wight & Arn.)
60
Garuga pinnata Roxb.
61
Protium serratum (Colebr.) Engler
Buxaceae
62
Sarcococca trinervia Wight
Tree
Height
Small
Vegetation type
Distribution
All districts
Very
large
Disturbed places; Thorn
forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Disturbed places; Thorn
forests
Small
Thorn forests
All districts
Medium
River banks & streams in
Dry deciduous forests
All districts.
Medium
Deciduous forests
Rayalaseema, MBN
Small
Deciduous forests
Rayalaseema & NLR
Small
All districts
Small
Thorn forests & dry
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Medium
Deciduous forests
VSKP, EG, WG & KMM
Medium
Small
Large
Cultivated / Naturalised
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
All districts
All districts
KMM, CTR, VSKP, EG,
WG
N.Coastal districts
All districts
Large
Small
Small to
medium
Medium
VSKP, CDP, NLR, WG
All districts
CDP
All districts
Large to
very
large
Medium
Dry deciduous
forests/cultivated
All districts
Cultivated / Naturalised
All districts
Medium
Deciduous forests
Nallamalais, CTR
Medium
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small
Medium
Deciduous forests
Dry deciduous
forests/cultivated
KSN,GNT
All districts
Medium
Medium
to large
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
VSKP, EG, WG and KNL
Small
Semievergreen forests
VSKP, EG
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Sl.
Botanical name
Caesalpiniaceae
63
B. malabarica Roxb.
Tree
Height
Vegetation type
Distribution
Deciduous forests
VSKP, EG, WG,CTR, KNL,
KMM,
All districts
64
B. purpurea L
Medium
to large
Medium
65
B. racemosa Lam
Small
66
Small
67
Bauhinia semla Wunderin (B. retusa
Ham. ex Roxb.)
B. tomentosa L.
Small
68
B. variegata L. var. variegata
Medium
69
70
71
72
73
74
Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Sw.
Cassia alata L.
Cassia fistula L.
C. montana Heyne ex Roth
C. suffruticosa Koen ex Roth
C. surattensis Burm. f. (C .glauca
Lam)
Delonix elata Gamble
D. regia Raf.
Hardwickia binata Roxb.
Saraca asoca (Roxb.) De Wilde (S.
indica L.)
Tamarindus indica L.
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
75
76
77
78
79
Capparaceae
80
Cadaba fruticosa (L.) Druce (C.
indica Lam.)
81
Cadaba trifoliata (Roxb.) Wight &
Arn.
82
Capparis brevispina DC.
83
Capparis divaricata Lam.
84
C. grandis L.f.
85
Crateva magna (Lour.) DC.(C.
religiosa sensu Dunn)
86
Maerua apetala (Roth) Jacobs
Celastraceae
87
Cassine glauca (Rottb.) O. Kuntz
(Elaeodendron roxburghii Wight &
Arn.)
88
Euonymus glaber Roxb.
89
Maytenus emarginata (Willd..) Ding
Hou (Gymnosporia emarginata
(Willd..)Thw., G. montana (Roth)
Benth.)
90
M. heyneana (Roth) Raju & Babu
91
M. hookeri Loes
Medium
Medium
Large
Small
Dry deciduous
forests/Cultivated
Thorn & Dry Deciduous
forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Dry deciduous
forests/Cultivated
Dry deciduous
forests/Cultivated
Cultivated / Naturalised
Cultivated / naturalised
Thorn & dry Deciduous
Thorn forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
VSKP, KMM
All districts
All districts
All districts
EG, VSKP
All districts
Rayalaseema
All districts
CTR
Cultivated / Naturalised
Cultivated / Naturalised
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous forests /
Cultivated
Cultivated / Naturalised in
Thorn and degraded forests
All districts
All districts
All districts
VSKP, SKLM (endangered)
Small
Thorn forests & hedges.
All districts
Small
Deciduous forests
NLR,KNL,CDP.
Small
Small
Small
Small
VSKP,NLR.
All districts.
EG, KMM, GNT,KNL.
All districts
Small
Deciduous forests
Thorn forests
Thorn forests
Riverbanks, outskirts of
villages/planted in Temples
& Ghats, Thorn forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small
Deciduous forests
All districts
Medium
Small
Semievergreen forests
Dry deciduous and Thorn
forests
VJN, SKLM
All districts
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
VSKP, CTR
Small
Small
All districts
VSKP
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Sl.
Botanical name
92
M. rufa (Wall.) Hara.
Tree
Height
Small
93
Pleurostylia opposita (Wall.) Alston
Small
94
Salacia chinensis L.
Small
95
Siphondon celastrinus Griff
Small
Clusiaceae
96
Calophyllum inophyllum L.
Medium
97
Medium
Garcinia spicata (Wight & Arn.)
Hook.f.
98
G. xanthochymus Hook.f. ex.T. And.
(G. tinctoria (DC) Wight)
99
Mesua ferrea L. (M. nagassarium
(Burm.f.) Kosterm)
Cochlospermaceae
100 Cochlospermum religiosum (L.)
Alston
Combretaceae
101 Anogeissus acuminata (Roxb. ex
DC.)
102 A. latifolia (Roxb. ex DC.) Wall ex
Guill. & Perr.
103 Terminalia alata Heyne ex Roth.(T.
tomentosa (Roxb ex DC.) Wight &
Arn.)
104 T. arjuna (Roxb ex DC.) Wight &
Arn.
Distribution
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
VSKP, EG, KMM
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
VSKP, EG, NLR, CDP,
CTR
North Coastal districts
VSKP, EG
Large
Moist deciduous forests/
cultivated
Moist Deciduous,
Semievergreen
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Semievergreen forests
Medium
Deciduous forests
All districts
Large
Streams of dry deciduous
forests and coastal forests
Deciduous forests
VSKP, EG, GNT, KSN
Large
Large
EG, WG,VSKP, NLR, CDP,
MBN
Costal NLR
VSKP, SKLM, VJN, EG
SKLM
All districts
Large
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
All districts
Large
River banks & Streams in
Dry deciduous forests
(Riparian forests)
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Cultivated / naturalised
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
All districts
105
T.bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb.
Large
106
107
T. catappa L.
T.chebula Retz.
Medium
Large
108
109
110
111
T. coriacea (Roxb.) Wight & Arn.
T. gella Dalz.
T. pallida Brandis
T. paniculata Roth
Medium
Medium
Small
Medium
Cordiaceae
112 Cordia dichotoma Forst.(C. obliqua
Willd..)
113 C. domestica Roth
114 C. evolutior (Clarke) Gamble
115 C. gharaf (Forssk.) Ehrenb.(C. rothii
Roem. & Schult.)
116 C. macleodii Hook. F & Thoms
117 C. monoica Roxb.
118 C. wallichii G. Don
119 Ehretia acuminata R. Br.
Vegetation type
Small
All districts
All districts
All districts
VSKP, EG, KNL
ATP,KNL,GNT, NLG
CDP, CTR
CDP, CTR, VSKP
All districts
Small
Medium
Small
Dry deciduous forests &
hedges/cultivated
Thorn forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Small
Small
Medium
Small
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
KMM
All districts
KMM
VSKP
CDP. WG
KNL, KSN
Rayalaseema
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
120 E. aspera Willd.
121 E. canarensis (Clarke) Gamble
122 E. laevis Roxb.
123 E. pubescens Benth.
Cycadaceae
124 Cyca sphaerica Roxb.
125 C. beddomei Dyer
Tree
Height
Small
Small
Small
Small
Vegetation type
Distribution
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
KMM. KNL, CTR
All districts G19
Rayalseema, NLR
Small
Small
Moist deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
N.Costal districts
CDP, CTR
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Valleys in moist deciduous
forests/ cultivated.
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
VSKP
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
VSKP, EG, WG
Hills of deciduous forests
NLR, CTR, CDP
Visakhapatnam
Dilleniaceae
126
Dillenia aurea Smith
Small
127
D. bracteata Wight
Medium
128
D. indica L.
Large
129
D. pentagyna Roxb.
Large
Dipterocarpaceae
130 Shorea robusta Gaertn.f.
131
S. roxburghii G.Don (S. talura
Roxb.)
132 S. tumbuggaia Roxb.
Ebenaceae
133 Diospyros assimilis Bedd.
Medium
to large
Very
large
Large
Large
134
135
D. candolleana
D. chloroxylon Roxb.
Small
Small
136
137
Small
Medium
138
139
D. ebenum J. Koenig ex Retz.
D. exsculpta Buch.- Ham.(D.
tomentosa Roxb.)
D. melanoxylon Roxb.
D. ovalifolia Wight
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Dry deciducous and Thorn
forests
Dry evergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Small
Medium
Deciduous forests
Hills of deciduous forests
140
D. peregrina (Gaertn.) Guerke
Medium
141
D. sylvatica Roxb.
Medium
CTR
VSKP, EG, WG, CTR
KMM, Nalamallais, VSKP,
EG, WG.
Rayalaseema
VSKP, EG, WG
All districts
CTR
Coastal districts
All districts
NLR. CDP, KNL, CTR,
VSKP
VSKP, EG, WG, CTR
Maba buxifolia (Rotb.) A.L.Juss.
(Diospyros ferrea (Willd..) Bakh)
143 M. neilgherrensis Wight
Elaegnaceae
144 Elaeagnus caudata Schlecht ex
Momiyama
Elaeocarpaceae
145 Elaeocarpus lanceaefolius Roxb.
Small
Moist deciduous forests
along streams
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Medium
Deciduous forests
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
VSKP
Large
VSKP
146
Large
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
142
E. lucidus Roxb.
N. coastal districts
N. coastal districts & KNL,
CTR, CDP, NLR
Cuddapah
All districts
180
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
147
148
Tree
Height
Distribution
Semievergreen forests
Semievergreen forests
Semievergreen forests
VSKP
All districts
E. tectorius (Laur.) Poir
Sloanea sterculia (Benth.) Rehder &
Wilson
Erythroxylaceae
149 Erythroxylum monogynum Roxb.
Small
Dry Deciduous/dry
evergreen forests
All districts
Euphorbiaceae
150 Alchornea mollis Muell-Arg
151 Antidesma acidum Retz
Small
Small
152
A. bunius Spreng
Small
VSKP
N. Coastal districts, CTR,
CDP
VSKP, EG
153
154
A. ghaesembilla Gaertn.
A. menasu Miq.
Small
Medium
155
156
A. zeylanicum Lam
Bischofia javanica Blume
Small
Medium
157
Breynia vitis-idaea (Burm.f)
C.Fischer (B.rhamnoides (Retz)
Muell-Arg)
Bridelia cinerascens Gehrm
Bridelia crenulata Roxb.
Small
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
158
159
Large
Large
Vegetation type
Small
Medium
Small
Small
162
163
B. hamiltoniana Muell-Arg.
B. monoica (Lour.) Merr.(B.
tomentosa Blume)
B. montana (Roxb.) Willd.
B. pubescens Kurz
164
165
166
B. retusa (L.) Spreng.
Cleistanthus collinus (Roxb.) Hook f.
C. patulus (Roxb.) Muell-Arg.
Medium
Small
Small
167
C. scabiosus Bedd.
Small
168
169
Dimorphocalyx glabellus Thw.
D. kurnoolensis V.Raju & Pullaiah
Small
Small
170
Drypetes assamica (Hook. f.) Pax. &
Hoffon
D. roxburghi: (Wall.) Hurusawa
(Putranjiva roxburghii Wall.)
Drypetes sepiaria (Wight & Arn.)
Pax & Hoffm (Hemicyclia sepiaria
Wight & Arn.)
Epiprinus mallotiformis (Muell.Arg.) Croizat (Symphyllia
mallotiformis Muell-Arg.)
Euphorbia antiquorum L.
Small
160
161
171
172
173
174
Small
Medium
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
EG, VSKP
All districts
EG
CTR, Nallamalais, EG,
VSKP
CDP, CTR, KNL, NLR
Nallamalais, SKLM
All districts
EG, VSKP
Medium
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Laterite soils of Thorn
forests/hills
Semievergreen forests
Dry deciduous forests
along streams
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
VSKP
Small
Thorn forests, foot hills
VSKP, CDP, KNL
Small
Deciduous forests
EG, WG,VSKP
Small
Crevices of rocks on dry
hills & Thorn
All districts
All districts
All districts
Coastal districts,CTR, CDP,
KNL
Rayalaseema
VSKP,EG
KNL
VSKP
KMM, CTR, CDP
181
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ISSN: 1809-127X
LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
Tree
Height
175
E. barnhartii Croizat
Small
176
E. caducifolia Haines
Small
177
E. cattimandoo Elliot
Small
178
E . ligularia Roxb.(E. nerifolia auct.
non L.)
Small
179
E. nivulia Buch-Ham
Small
180
E. tirucalli L.
Small
181
E. tortillis Rottl. ex Ainslie
Small
182
Medium
183
Givoia rottleriformis Griff. (G.
moluccana (L.) Sreem)
Glochidion ellipticum Wight
184
G. tomentosum Dalz.
Small
185
G. velutinum Wight
Small
186
187
Small
Small
188
189
G. zeylanicum (Gaertn.) Juss
Homonia camberi (Haine ) Merr.
(Lasiococca camberi Haine)
H. retusa (Grahm) Muell.-Arg.
H. riparia Lour
190
Jatropha curcas L.
Small
191
Macaranga peltata (Roxb.) Muell.Arg.
Mallotus philippensis (Lam) Muell.Arg.
M. rhamnifolius Muell-Arg.
Medium
Medium
197
Mallotus philippensis (Lam.) Muell.Arg. var. tomentosus Gamble
Mallotus resinosus (Blanco) Merr.
(M. muricatus Bedd.)
Margaritaria indica (Dalz.) Airy
Shaw
P. emblica L.
198
199
P. indofischeri Bennet
P. pinnatus (Wight) Webster
Small
Small
192
193
194
195
196
Small
Small
Small
Medium
Small
Small
Medium
Medium
Vegetation type
forests/hedges
Crevices of rocks on dry
hills & Thorn
forests/hedges
Crevices of rocks on dry
hills & Thorn
forests/hedges
Crevices of rocks on dry
hills & Thorn
forests/hedges
Crevices of rocks on dry
hills & Thorn
forests/hedges
Crevices of rocks on dry
hills & Thorn
forests/hedges
Crevices of rocks on dry
hills & Thorn
forests/hedges
Thorn forests, among rocks
on hills; hedges
Hills of dry deciduous
forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Riparian forests
Rocky ravines of moist
forests
Sandy river beds
rocky crevices of streams
in moist deciduous forests
Hedges/fences & out skirts
of villages
Moist deciduous forests &
semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Streams of moist deciduous
forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Dry deciduous forests/
Cutivated
Deciduous forests
Thorn and dry deciduous
Distribution
Rayalaseema
Rayalaseema
KSN, KNL
All districts
All districts
All districts
CTR, NLR
All districts
VSKP
EG, VSKP
CTR, KNL, VSKP, EG
All districts
VSKP, CTR
EG, KNR, KSN
All districts
All districts
VSKP, EG, NLR, CTR
All districts
VSKP, EG, CTR
Prakasham
Chittoor
Chittoor
All districts
CTR
Rayalaseema, NLG, KSN
182
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ISSN: 1809-127X
LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
Botanical name
(Chorisandra pinnata Wight)
P. polyphyllus Willd.
P. reticulatus Poir.
Sapium eugeniifolium Buch.-Ham.
S. insigne (Royle) Trimen
Securinega leucopyrus (Willd.)
Muell.-Arg. (Fluggea leucopyrus
Willd.)
S. virosa (Willd.) Bail. (Fluggea
microcarpa Willd.)
Suregada angustifolia (Bail. ex
Muell.-Arg.) Airy Shaw (Gelonium
lanceolatum auct-non Willd.)
Suregada multiflora (Juss.) Bail.
(Gelonium multiflorum Juss.)
Symphyllia mallotiformis Muell.-Arg.
Trewia nudiflora L.
Flacourtiaceae
210 Casearia elliptica Willd.(C.
tomentosa Willd..)
211 C. ovata (Lam.) Willd.(C. esulenta
Roxb.)
212 C. graveolens Dalz.
213
Tree
Height
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Vegetation type
Distribution
forests
Deciduous forests
Thorn forests and Hedges
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Dry Hills & Thorn forests
GNT, KNL, CTR, CDP
All districts
All districts
CDP, KNL, CTR, NLR
All districts
All districts
Small
Thorn & dry deciduous
forests
Deciduous forests
Small
Semievergreen forests
SKLM, VSKP
Small
Small
Deciduous forests
Along streams in
Semievergreen forests
CDP, CTR
SKLM, VSKP
Small
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small
Deciduous forests
NLR
Small
Deciduous forests
Small
Deciduous forests
SKLM, VJN, VSKP,EG,
WG, PKM.
Most districts
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
VSKP
Small
VSKP, EG
CTR, PKM, KNL, NLR, EG
215
Flacourtia indica (Burm.f.) Merr. (F.
ramontchi L' Herit)
Flacourtia jangomas (Lour.)
Raeusch. F. cataphracta Roxb. ex
Willd.
Homalium nepalense Benth.
216
H. zeylanicum (Gard.) Benth.
Medium
Scolopia crenata (Wight & Arn.)
Clos.
218 Xylosma longifolium Clos
Flindersiaceae
219 Chloroxylon swietenia Dc.
Hernandiaceae
220 Gyrocarpus americanus Jacq.
(G.jacquinii Roxb.)
Lauraceae
221 Actinodaphne madraspatana Bedd.
ex Hook.f.
222 Besichmiedia roxburghiana Nees
Medium
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Ravines in Deciduous
forests
Deciduous forests
Small
Semievergreen forests
SKLM, VSKP
Medium
Deciduous forests
All districts
Medium
Thorn forests and dry hills
All districts
Medium
Moist deciduous &
semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous
forests/cultivated
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Nallamalais, SKLM, VSKP
214
217
Small
223
B. sikkimenisis King ex. Hook.f.
Small
224
225
Cinnamomum caudatum Nees
Litsea deccanensis Gamble
Small
Medium
CTR
CTR, CDP
CTR
EG
VSKP
CDP, CTR
183
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
226
L. glutinosa (Lour) Robinson
Tree
Height
Small
227
L. laeta (Nees) Hook f.
Small
228
L. monopetala (Roxb.) Pers
Medium
229
Neolitsea foliosa (Nees) Gamble
Small
230
231
N.zeylanica (Nees) Merr.
P. macrantha (Nees) Kosterm
Medium
Large
232
Phoebe wightii Meissn
Medium
Leeaceae
233 Leea indica (Burm.f) Merr.
Loganiaceae
234 Strychnos nux-vomica L.
235 S. potatorum L.f.
Lythraceae
236 L. parviflora Roxb.
237 L. reginae Roxb.(L. flos-reginae
Retz., L. speciosa Pers.)
238 Lawsonia inermis L.
239 Woodfordia fruticosa (L.) Kurz. (W.
floribunda Salisb.)
Magnoliaceae
240 Michelia champaca L.
Malvaceae
241 Hibiscus platanifolius (Willd..)
Sweet
242 Kydia calycina Roxb.
Distribution
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
VSKP, EG, WG, KMM,
CDP, NLR (Critically
endangered)
EG (ex Gamble)
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
EG, VSKP
CTR
VSKP
VSKP
VSKP, MBN
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
VSKP, EG, WG, PKM,
GNT, NLR
Medium
Medium
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
All districts
Medium
Medium
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous forests/
cultivated
Hedges/cultivated
Thorn and dry evergreen
forests
All districts
N. Coastal districts
Medium
Semievergreen forests /
cultivated
VSKP
Small
Deciduous forests
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Littoral forests/ cultivated
VSKP, PKM, NLR, CTR,
CDP
Most districts
Small
Small
243 Thespesia populnea (L.) Sol.ex Corr.
Melastomataceae
244 Memecylon edule Roxb.
Small
245
M. gracile Bedd.
Small
246
M. grande Retz.
Small
247
M. lushingtonii Gamble
Small
248
249
250
M. madgolense Gamble
Memecylon molestum (Clarke) Cogn.
M. umbellatum Burm.f.
Small
Small
Small
Meliaceae
251 Aglaia jainii Viswa.& Ramachan.
Vegetation type
Small
Medium
All districts
All districts
EG, KSN, PKM, GNT
Streams of Deciduous and
dry evergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Streams of Deciduous and
dry evergreen forests
All districts
Semievergreen forests
VSKP
EG
VSKP
CTR
VSKP
CDR, CTR
All districts.
184
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
252
Very
large
Medium
255
Aglaia eleagnoidea (Juss.) Benth.
var. beddomei (Gamble) Nair
Aphanamixis polystachya (Wall.)
Parker
Azadirachta indica A. Juss.(Melia
azadirachta L.)
Chukrasia tabularis Adr.
256
Cipadessa baccifera (Roth) Miq.
Small
257
258
Melia azedarach L.
M. dubia Cav.(M. composita Willd.. )
Medium
Large
Soymida febrifuga (Roxb.) A.Juss.
Toona ciliata Roem.(Cedrela toona
Roxb.)
261 Trichilia connaroides (Wight &
Arn.) Bentvelizen (Heynea trijnga
Roxb. ex Sims.)
262 Walsura trifolia (A.Juss.) Harms (W.
piscida Roxb.)
Mimosaceae
263 A. campbelli Arnott
Medium
Large
253
254
259
260
Tree
Height
Medium
Large
Medium
Vegetation type
Distribution
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Cultivated / Naturalised in
Thorn and degraded forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Cultivated / Naturalised
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Dry Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous &
Semievergreen forests.
VSKP,EG,KMM,MBN,KNL
VSKP
All districts
CDP, CTR.
N. Coastal districts,
KMM,KNL,NLR
All districts
Nallamalais
All districts
VSKP
VSKP, EG, WG
Small
Moist deciduous &
semievergreen forests.
VSKP, NLR, CTR, CDP
Small
Dry Deciduous forests
264
265
A.catechu (L.f.) Willd.
Acacia eburnea (L.f.) Willd.
Medium
Small
Dry Deciduous forests
Dry Deciduous forests
266
267
268
A. farnesiana Willd.
A. ferruginea DC.
A. horrida (L.f.) Willd.(A.latronum
(L.f.) Willd.)
A. leucophloea (Roxb.) Willd.
A. nilotica (L.) Willd. ssp. indica
Benth. (A. arabica Willd.)
A. planifrons Wight & Arn.
Small
Small
Small
Thorn forests
Dry Deciduous forests
Dry Deciduous forests
EG, WG,VSKP, NLR, CDP,
MBN
All districts
Rayalaseema & KSN
districts
All districts
CTR
ATP,KNL,GNT ,NLG
Medium
Medium
Dry Deciduous forests
Cultivated / Naturalised
All districts
All districts
Small
A. polyacantha Willd.(A.suma
(Roxb.) Buch-Ham ex Voigt)
A. tomentosa Willd.
A. torta (Roxb.) Craib
Albizia amara (Roxb.) Boivin
Medium
Dry localities of Hills:
Thorn forests
Dry Deciduous forests
ATP, KNL,GNT, KSN,
NLG
KSN, CTR
Dry Deciduous forests
Hills of Thorn forests
Thorn, dry deciduous and
dry evergreen forests
Hills of Deciduous forests
VSKP, EG, WG, CDP
All districts
All districts
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
Small
Small
Small
A. chinensis (Osbeck)
Merr.(A.stipulata (Roxb.) Boivin)
A. lebbeck (L.) Willd.
Medium
Medium
279
A. odoratissima (L.f.) Benth.var.
odoratissima
A. procera (Roxb.) Benth.
280
281
A. thompsoni Brandis
Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight &
Medium
Small
276
277
278
Medium
Large
Mostly cultivated;
Runswild
Deciduous forests
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Dry Deciduous forests
Thorn forests
All districts
All districts
All districts
All districts
Rayalaseema
All districts
185
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
Arn.
282 Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) De
Wit (L. latisiliqua (L.) Gillis, L.
glauca Willd.)
283 Mimosa hamata Willd.
284 Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth.
285 Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce (P.
spicigera L.)
286 P. chilensis (Molina) Stuntz (P.
juliflora (Sw.) DC.)
287 Xylia xylocarpa (Roxb.) Taub. (X.
dolabriformis Benth.)
Moraceae
288 A. heterophyllus Lam.(A. integrifolia
auct non L.f)
289 A. lacucha Buch-Ham.
Tree
Height
Vegetation type
Distribution
Small
Cultivated / Naturalised
All districts
Small
Medium
Small
Thorn forests
Cultivated / Naturalised
Thorn forests, dry stony
lands
Naturalised in Distrubed
places; Thorn forests
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
All districts
All districts
All districts
Semievergreen
forests/Cultivated
Semievergreen
forests/Cutivated
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Plains & forests/cultivated
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Damp localities of waste
lands & Thorn forests
Forests & outskirts of
villages/cultivated
Hills of dry Deciduous
forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous &
semievergreen forests
Cultivated / naturalised
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
VSKP, EG
Small
Medium
Large
Large
Small
291
Cudrania cochinchinensis (Lour.)
Kodo & Masam
Ficus amplissima Smith
292
F. arnottiana (Miq.) Miq
Small
293
F. asperrima Roxb.
Medium
294
F. auriculata Lour
Medium
295
296
F. benghalensis L.
F. dalhousiae Miq
Large
Medium
297
F. exasperata Vahl
Small
298
F. hispida L.f.
Small
299
Medium
Large
301
F. microcarpa L.f. (F. retusa
auct.non L.)
F. mollis Vahl (F. tomentosa Roxb.
ex Willd.)
F. nervosa Heyne ex.Roth
302
F. oligodon Miq.
Medium
303
F. palmata Forssk.
Small
304
F. racemosa L. (F. glomerata Roxb.)
Medium
305
306
F. religiosa L.
F. rumphii Blume
Medium
Medium
307
F. semicordata Buch-Ham ex Smith
(F. cunia Buch-Ham ex-Roxb.)
F. talboti King
F. tinctoria Forster f.(F. gibbosa
Medium
290
300
308
309
Large
Large
Large
Medium
All districts
All districts
VSKP
VSKP
All districts
All districts
EG, VSKP
VSKP
All districts
CDP, CTR
VSKP, EG, WG, NLR
All districts
All districts
All districts
VSKP, EG
VSKP
VSKP
All districts
All districts
VSKP
N. Coastal districts, MBN
Rayalaseema
All districts
186
Check List 5(2): 173–194, 2009.
ISSN: 1809-127X
LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
Tree
Height
Vegetation type
Distribution
310
Blume)
F. tsjakella Rheede ex Burm.f
Large
MBN, VSKP
311
F. virens Ait (F. infectoria Roxb.)
Large
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Thorn forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Plecospermum spinosum Trecul
Streblus asper Lour
S. taxoides (Roth) Kurz
(Phyllochlamys spinosa (Roxb.)
Bure.
Moringaceae
315 Moringa concanensis Nimmo ex
Gibs
316 M. pterigosperma Gaertn.(M.oleifera
auct. non Lam.)
Myrsinaceae
317 Aridisia depressa Clarke
318 A. solanacea Roxb.
Small
Small
Small
319
Embelia tsjeriam-cottam DC.
320
E. villosa Wall
312
313
314
Myristicaceae
321 Knema attenuata (Hk.&thw.) Warb.
Myrtaceae
322 Eugenia bractecta (Willd.) Roxb ex.
DC.
323 Syzygium alternifolium (Wight)
Walp.
324 S. calophyllifolium Walp.
325
326
S. cuminii (L.) Skeels
S. heyneanum (Duthie) Wall.ex
Gamble
327
328
329
S. malabaricum (Bedd.) Gamble
S. operculatum (Roxb.) Nicolezu
S. samarangense (Blume) Merrill &
Perry
Nyctaginaceae
330 Pisonia aculeata L.
Nyctanthaceae
331 Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L.
Ochnaceae
332 Ochna lanceolata Spreng.
333 O. obtusata DC. var.obtusata Kanis
(O. squarrosa auct. non L.)
334 O. obtusata DC. var. gamblei (King
All districts
KNL, CTR, VSKP
All districts
VSKP, EG, CDP, CTR
Small
Deciduous forests
Small
Wild in villages/ cultivated
Small
Small
Small
Semievergreen forests
Semievergreen & moist
deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Small
Deciduous forests
Medium
Moist deciduous forests/
cultivated
EG, VSKP
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Hills of moist deciduous
forests
Hills of moist deciduous
forests
Riparian forests/Cultivated
River beds and along
streams in moist deciduous
forests
Semievergreen forests
Semievergreen forests
Semievergreen forests
Coastal districts
Medium
Large
Large
Small
Medium
Large
Large
Coastal districts & KNL,
MBN, KMM
All districts
VSKP
N. coastal districts
VSKP, EG, WG &
Nallamalais.
VSKP, EG, WG &
Nallamalais.
Rayalaseema
CDP
All districts
KSN, EG
VSKP
VSKP
VSKP
Small
Thorn and dry deciduous
forests
ATP, GNT, CTR, VSKP
Small
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small
Small
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
NLG, MBN, GNT, CDP
All districts
Small
Deciduous forests
All districts
187
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
ex Brandis) Kanis (O. beddomei
Gamble)
Olacaceae
335 Ximenia americana L.
336 Ligustrum gamblei Ramam.
Tree
Height
Vegetation type
Distribution
Small
Small
All districts
EG
337
338
Linociera intermedia Wight
L. malabarica Wall ex. G.Don
Small
Small
339
L. ramiflora (Roxb.) Wall.ex G. Don
Small
340
341
342
343
L. zeylanica (L.) Gamble
Olea glandulifera Wall.ex. G.Don
O. polygama Wight
Schrebera swietenioides Roxb.
Small
Medium
Medium
Medium
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Semievergreen forests
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Small
Deciduous forests
VSKP, SKLM, GNT, KNL,
MBN
Small
Marshy localities
All districts
Thorn forests & distrubed
lands
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
Opiliaceae
344 Opilia amentacea Roxb.
Pandanaceae
345 Pandanus fascicularis Lam. (P.
odoratissimus L.f.)
Papilionaceae
346 Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub (B.
frondosa Koen. ex Roxb.)
347 Dalbergia lanceolaria L.f.
348 D. latifolia Roxb.
349
350
D. paniculata Roxb
Erythrina fusca Lour
Small to
medium
Medium
Medium
to large
Medium
Small
351
352
353
E. stricta Roxb.
E. suberosa Roxb.
E. variegata L.var. orientalis Merr.
Medium
Medium
Medium
354
Medium
356
Ougeinia oojeinensis (Roxb.) Hochr.
(Ougeinia dalbergioides Benth.)
Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre (P.
glabra Vent., Derris indica (Lam.)
Bennet)
Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb.
357
Pterocarpus santalinus L.f.
355
Pittosporaceae
358 Pittosporum napaulense (DC.)
Rehder & Wilson (P. floribundum
Wight & Arn.)
Poaceae
359 Bambusa arundinacea (Retz.) Roxb.
360 B. tulda Roxb.
N. Coastal districts
CDP. North Coastal districts
EG, VSKP, SKLM
CDP. CTR, NLR, VSKP
VSKP
CTR
N. Coastal districts,
Nallamalais
KMM, N. Coastal districts
All districts
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Thorn and Deciduous
forests; cultivated
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
River banks, distrurbed
soils/often planted as
avenue tree; Thorn forests
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Hills of deciduous forests
All districts
SKLM
Small
Moist Deciduous and
semievergreen forests
VJN, VSKP, EG, CTR
Large
Large
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
VSKP
Medium
Medium
Medium
to large
GNT
All districts
Cultivated
N. Coastal districts, N.
KMM
All districts
All districts
PKM, NLR, CDP, CTR
188
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
361 Dendrocalamus strictus (Roxb.) Nees
Rhamnaceae
362 Rhamnus nepalensis Lawson
363 R. virgatus Roxb.
Tree
Height
Large
Small
Small
364
Sageretia parviflora (Klein) G.Don
Small
365
366
Scutia myrtina (Burm.f.) Kurz.
Ziziphus glabrata Heyne ex Roth
Small
Small
367
368
Z. horrida Roth
Z. mauritiana Lam. var mauritiana
Small
Small
369
Z. oenoplia (L.) Mill.
Small
370
371
Z. rugosa Lam
Z. xylopyrus (Retz.) Willd.
Small
Small
Rhizophoraceae
372 Carallia brachiata (Lour) Merr.
Rosaceae
373 Rubus gardnerianus O.Kuntze
Rubiaceae
374 Anthocephalus chinensis (Lam.)
A.Rich ex Walp. (A.cadamba (Roxb.)
Miq.)
375 Benkera malabarica (Lam.)
Tirveng.( Randia malabarica Lam. )
376 Canthium dicoccum (Lam.) Teijsm &
Binn var dicoccum (Plectronia
didyma (Gaertn.) Kurz)
377 C. dicoccum (Wight) Sant.& Merch.
var. umbellatum (Wight) Sant. &
Merch.
378 C. parviflorum Lam.
379 Catunaregum spinosa (Thunb.)
Tirveng.(Randia dumetorum (Retz.)
Poir. var. floribunda (DC.) Gamble)
380 Catunaregum tomentosa (Bl.ex DC.)
Tirveng.
381 Ceriscoides turgida (Roxb.)
Tirveng.(Gardenia turgida Roxb.)
382 Chomelia asiatica (L.) O.Kuntze
(Tarenna asiatica (L.) O. Kuntze)
383 Ixora brachiata Roxb.ex DC.
384
385
386
Deccania pubescens (Roth)
Tirveng.var. candolleana Wight &
Arn. (Randia candolleana Wight &
Arn.)
Gardenia gummifera L.f
G. latifolia Ait.
Vegetation type
Distribution
Deciduous forests
All districts
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
VSKP
VSKP
Deciduous forests
Thorn forests & Waste
places
Thorn forests, open bushes
& hedges
Thorn & Dry forests
Thorn & Dry Deciduous
forests
VJN, VSKP, NLR, CDP,
CTR
All districts
SKLM, VJN, KSN, GNT,
KNL, KMM
KNL, KSN
All districts
All districts
All districts
All districts
Medium
Deciduous forests
CDP, CTR
Medium
Semievergreen forests
VSKP
Large
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
VSKP, EG, WG, CDP,
Nallamalais, KMM
Small
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small
Dry evergreen forests
All districts
Small
Dry deciduous and Thorn
forests
All districts
Small
Small
Thorn forests
Thorn forests
All districts
All districts
Small
VSKP, EG
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small
EG
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Small
Medium
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
KNR, ATP, KSN, KNL,
CDP, NLR
All districts
All districts
189
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
387
388
G. resinifera Roth (G. lucida Roxb.)
Haldinia cordifolia (Roxb.) Ridsd.
(Adina cordifolia (Roxb.) Hook.f. ex
Brandis
Hymenodictyon obovatum Wall.
H. orixense (Roxb.) Mabb.(H.
excelsum (Roth.) Wall.)
Ixora arborea (Roxb.) ex Smith. (I.
parviflora Vahl)
Ixora undulata Roxb.
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
Meyna spinosa Roxb.ex. Link var.
pubescens Robyns
Mitragyna parvifolia (Roxb.) Korth.
Morinda angustifolia Roxb.
M. citrifolia L.
M. pubescens J.E.Smith. var.
pubescens (M. tinctoria Roxb.)
M. pubescens J.E.Smith var.
stenophylla (Sperng.) Kumari
Neonauclea purpurea (Roxb.) Merr.
Tree
Height
Small
Small
Vegetation type
Distribution
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
All districts
Small
Large
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Nallamalais
All districts
Small
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small
SKLM, VSKP, KNL.
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous and
coastal forests
Deciduous forests
Small
Deciduous forests
CTR
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
VSKP, EG, WG
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Moist Deciduous and
semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
EG
Small
Medium
Small
Small
VSKP
All districts
VSKP & Nallamalais
SKLM, VSKP, NLR.
All districts
Pavetta breviflora DC.var. ciliolata
Gamble ex. Bremek.
P. hispidula Wight & Arn.
Small
P. indica L.
P. tomentosa Robb.ex Smith
Psychotria monticola Kurz (P. flava
Hook.f.)
Spermadictyon suaveolens Roxb.
Small
Small
Small
Tamilnadia uliginosa (Retz.)
Tirveng. & Sastri (Randia uliginosa
(Retz.) DC.)
Wendlandia angustifolia (Wight &
Hook.f.)
W. gamblei Cowan
Small
Thorn & Dry deciduous
forests
Small
Deciduous forests
CDP
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
EG. VSKP
Small
Small
W. heynei (Roem.&Schult.) Santapau
& Merchant
410 W. thyrsoidea (Roem & Schult.)
Steud.(W. notoniana Wall. ex Wight
& Arn.)
411 W. tinctoria DC. ssp. tinctoria
Rutaceae
412 Acronychia pedunculata (L.) Miq
Small
413
Aegle marmelos (L.) Correa
414
Atalantia monophylla (L.) Correa
Small to
medium
Small
409
Small
ATP
All districts
KNL. SKLM.VSKP
VSKP
VSKP, EG, WG, KNL,
CDP.
All districts
EG, VSKP
CDP
Small
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous
forests/cultivated
Deciduous forests
VSKP
All districts
All districts
190
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
415
A.racemosa Wight & Arn.
Tree
Height
Small
416
Citrus medica L.
Small
417
Small
418
Clausena heptaphylla (Roxb.) Wight
& Arn.
Euodia lunuakenda (Gaertn.) Merr.
Medium
419
Glycosmis mauritiana (Lam.) Tanaka
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
Vegetation type
Distribution
CDP, CTR
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Along streams in
forests/cultivated
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
G. pentaphylla (Retz.) DC.
Small
Deciduous forests
Limonia acidissima L.(Feronia
elephantum Correa)
Micromelum pubescense Blume
Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng.
Medium
Small
Dry deciduous forests &
Thorn forests/cultivated.
Deciduous forests
Deciduous
forests/cultivated; runswild
Streams & ravines in
forests & hills/cultivated.
Deciduous forests
Small
Deciduous forests
All districts.
Medium
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
NLR, CTR, CDP
Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack (M.
exotica L.)
Naringi alata (Wall . ex. Wight &
Arn.) Ellis (Limonia alata Wall. ex
N.crenulata (Roxb.) Nicolson
(Limonia crenulata Roxb.)
Pamburus missionis (Wight) Swingle
Small
Small
Small
Small
429
430
Toddalia asiatica (L).Lam. var.
floribunda Gamble
Zanthoxylum armatum DC.
Z. ovalifolium Wight
431
Z. rhetsa (Roxb.) DC.
Large
Small
Small
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
VSKP, PKM (Cultivated in
all districts)
VSKP
EG
Coastal districts &
Rayalaseema
VSKP, EG, KMM, CTR,
CDP
All districts.
VSKP, KNL
All districts
VSKP, EG, NLR, CDP,
cultivated in all districts.
SKLM, VSKP, Nallamalais.
All districts
EG, VSKP
CTR
VSKP,EG.
Sabiaceae
432 Meliosma pinnata (Roxb.) Walp.
433 M. simplicifolia (Roxb.) Walp.
Medium
Medium
Semievergreen forests
Moist Deciduous and
semievergreen forests
VSKP
VSKP
Salicaceae
434 Salix tetrasperma Roxb.
Medium
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
EG
Small
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small
Thorn forests/cultivated
VSKP, EG,KSN,
Rayalaseema
Small
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small
Small
Hill forests & open Thorns
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Semievergreen forests
Forests/cultivated
All districts
VSKP, EG
Salvadoraceae
435 Salvadora persica L.
Santalaceae
436 Santalum album L.
Sapindaceae
437 Allophylus cobbe (L.) Raeusch
(A.serratus (Roxb.) Kurz)
438 Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq.
439 Erioglossum rubiginosum Blume
440
441
Lepisanthes tetraphylla (Vahl) Radlk.
Sapindus emarginatus Vahl
Small
Small
VSKP, NLR, CTR, KNL
All districts
191
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
442
Schleichera oleosa (Lour) Oken
(S.trijuga Willd.)
Sapotaceae
443 Chrysophyllum roxburghii Don
444
445
Tree
Height
Medium
Vegetation type
Distribution
Deciduous forests
All districts
Medium
EG
Medium
Medium
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Nellore (Veligonda hills)
All districts
Medium
Deciduous forests
Nallamalais
447
Isonandra villosa Wight
Madhuca indica J.F. Gmel.(Bassia
latifolia Roxb.)
M. longifolia (J. Koenig) Macbr
(Bassia longifolia J . Koenig ex. L.)
Manilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard
Small
All districts
448
449
M. roxburghiana (Wight) Dubard
Mimusops elengi L.
Medium
Small
Deciduous and dry
evergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Moist deciduous forests/
cultivated
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Outskirts of villages &
Thorn forests.
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
All districts
446
Xantolis tomentosa (Roxb.) Rap
(Sideroxylon tomentosum Roxb.)
Simaroubaceae
451 Ailanthus excelsa Roxb.
Medium
452
Medium
450
Picrasma javanica Blume
Sterculiaceae
453 Eriolaena hookeriana Wight & Arn.
454 E. lushingtonil Dunn
455 E. quinquelocularis (Wight & Arn.)
Cleghorn
456 Firmiana colorata (Roxb.)
R.Br.(Sterculia colorata Roxb.))
457 Helicteres isora L.
458 Hildegardia populifolia (Roxb.)
Schott. & Endl. (Sterculia
populnifolia Roxb.)
459 Pterospermum canescens Roxb.(P.
suberifolium (L.) Lam.)
460 P. xylocarpum (Gaertn.) Sant.&
Wagh
461 Sterculia foetida L.
Large
KNL
All districts
VSKP, EG, WG
VSKP
Small
Small
Small
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
Nallamalais
KMM
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
Hills of Dry deciduous
forests
All districts
Small
Small
All districts
CTR, CDP, ATP
Small
Deciduous forests
NLR, CTR, CDP
Medium
Deciduous forests
Most districts
Large
SKLM, VSKP, CDP
Most districts
VJN, KNR
S. urens Roxb.
Embelia tsjeriam cottam DC.
Symplocaceae
464 Sympolos cochinchinensis (Lour.) S.
Moore
465 S. theaefolia D.Don
Tiliaceae
466 Grewia abutilifolia Vent. ex Juss.
Medium
Medium
Deciduous
forests/cultivated
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Medium
Semievergreen forests
VSKP
Small
Semievergreen forests
VSKP
Small
N. Coastal districts
467
Small
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
All districts
Small
Deciduous forests
VSKP
462
463
468
G. damine Gaertn. (G. salvifolia
Heyne ex Roth)
G .elastica Royle
192
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
469
G. flavescens Juss.
470
471
472
G. glabra Blume
G. heterotricha Mast
G.laevigata Vahl (G. wightiana
Drumm.)
G. obtusa Wall. ex Dunn.
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
G. orbiculata Rottler (G. rotundifolia
Juss.)
G. orientalis L.
G. polygama Roxb.
G. rothii DC.
G. subinaequalis DC.
G. tenax (Forssk) Fiori
G. tiliifolia Vahl (G. tiliaefolia Vahl)
Tree
Height
Small
Vegetation type
Distribution
Most districts
Small
Small
Small
Dry deciduous forests &
hedges
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Small
Deciduous forests
Small
Thorn forests & dry
deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
CTR, CDP, KSN, PKM,
KNL
All districts
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
Small
481 G. villosa Willd.
Ulmaceae
482 Celtis philippensis Blanco ex.Wight
Small
483
484
Medium
Medium
485
486
C. tetrandra Roxb.
C. timorenisis Spanoghe (C.
cinnamomea Lindley)
Holoptelia integrifolia (Roxb.)
Planchon
Trema orientalis (L.) Blume
Urticaceae
487 Boehmeria platyphylla Don (B.
scabrella Gaud..)
488 Debregeasia longifolia (Burm. f.)
Wedd (D. velutina Gaud..)
489 Laportea crenulata Gaud.
Medium
Large
All districts
MBN, EG
All districts
VSKP
All districts
All districts
All districts
VSKP, EG, WG, CTR, KNL
VSKP
Nallamalais, EG, VSKP
All districts
Medium
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
All districts
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
VSKP, EG
Small
Small
Verbenaceae
490 Callicarpa arborea Roxb.
Small
491
C. macrophylla Vahl
Small
492
C. tomentosa (L.) Murr.
Small
493
494
Clerodendrum phlomides L.f.
C. viscosum var. nilagiricum Hall.
Small
Small
495
Gmelina arborea Roxb.
Medium
496
497
G. asiatica L.
Premna corymbosa (Burm.f.) Rottl.
ex. Willd..
P. hamiltonii J.L.Ellis
Small
Small
498
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous forests &
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous forests
VSKP,EG, WG,KSN
KSN
SKLM, EG
Small
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Hedges & Thorn forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Thorn forests & hedges
Dry deciduous and Thorn
forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
VSKP, EG
VSKP, EG
N. Coastal districts
VSKP
VSKP, SKLM
All districts
All districts
All districts
All districts
CTR, CDP
KNL, VSKP
193
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LISTS OF SPECIES
Sl.
Botanical name
Tree
Height
Small
Small
499
500
501
P. latifolia Roxb. var. latifolia
P. latifolia Roxb. var. mollissima
(Roth.) Hook.f.
Premna tomentosa Willd..
502
Tectona grandis L.f.
Large
503
Vitex altissima L.f.
Medium
504
Vitex leucoxylon L.f.
Medium
505
506
Small
Small
507
V. negundo L. var. negundo
V. negundo var. pupurpurascence
Sivar. & Molde.
Vitex peduncularis Wall. ex Schauer
Medium
508
V. pinnata L. (V. pubescens Vahl)
Small
509
V. quinata (Lour.) F.N.Willliams
Small
510
V. trifolia L.
Small
Small
Vegetation type
Distribution
Hills of Deciduous forests
Dry deciduous and Thorn
forests
Dry deciduous forests and
Hill slopes
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Streams of Moist
deciduous forests
Hedges and river banks
Hedges in the outskirts of
villages
Deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Moist deciduous and
Semievergreen forests
Streams of Moist
deciduous forests
Deciduous forests
VSKP, EG, KNL, CDP
Rayalaseema
All districts
All districts
All districts
Nallamalais, CTR
All districts
EG, CTR
VSKP, EG, WG, CTR, CDP
VSKP, EG, WG, KMM,
CTR
VSKP
Coastal districts
————————————————
Acknowledgements
We are thankful to Dr. M. Sanjappa, Director, BSI, Kolkata, Dr. G.V.S. Murthy, Deputy Director, BSI, Coimbatore, for
permission to work in the herbaria and Dr. P.S. Roy, Deputy Director, Dr. M.S.R. Murthy, Head, Forestry & Ecology
Division, NRSA, Hyderabad and Shri Gangaraju, Chairman, Laila Impex, Vijayawada for suggestions and
encouragement.
————————————————
Literature cited
Champion, H. G. and S. K. Seth. 1968. The Revised
Forest types of India. New Delhi.
Gamble, J. S. and C. E. C. Fischer. 1915-1935. Flora of
the Presidency of Madras. London. (Rep. ed. 1957.
BSI, Calcutta).
Pullaiah, T. 1997. Flora of Andhra Pradesh. Vol. III.
Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur.
Pullaiah, T. and D. Alimoulali. 1997. Flora of Andhra
Pradesh. Vol. II. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur.
Pullaiah, T. and E. Chennaiah. 1997. Flora of Andhra
Pradesh. Vol. I. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur.
Reddy C. S., K. N. Reddy and S. N. Jadhav. 2001.
Threatened (Medicinal) Plants of Andhra Pradesh.
Medicinal Plants Conservation Centre, EPTRI,
Hyderabad India.
Reddy C. S., M. S. R. Murthy and C. B. S. Dutt. 2002.
Vegetation Diversity and Endemism in Eastern
Ghats, India. Proceedings of National Seminar on
Conservation of Eastern Ghats, EPTRI, Hyderabad
India. pp. 109-134.
Reddy, C. S. and V. S. Raju. 2008. Endemic
Spermatophytes of Andhra Pradesh, India Proc. A.P.
Akademi of Sciences 12(1&2): 48-75.
Received July 2008
Accepted January 2009
Published online April 2009
194