GDR GNT and GDR -I GNT
Graphene and Nanotubes: science and
applications
A tool of the CNRS for a federative
research at national and international
levels
What is a GDR, what for?
GDR = Groupe De Recherche (Group of Research)
•Group of teams gathered together for organizing a scientific community
working on an emerging research field and undertaking a cooperative
research on targeted priorities
•Financial grant from the CNRS for networking, not usable for research
•Additional grants from agencies fro specific actions
Objectives:
- open platform for promoting exchanges, initiating research projects - sharing samples and materials, facilities, expertises
- training and mobility of phD students and young scientists
- communication and dissemination
Activities of the GDR
•Organization of annual meetings, thematic workshops and schools
•Support to mobility and training
•Grants to promote exchanges between partners for performing
experiments, calculations or discussions
•Grants for PhD students for attending scientific meetings supported or organized by the GDR
•Partner and co-organization of scientific meetings
Description of the structure
•The successive groups
1998- 2003: First National GDR on carbon nanotubes 2004 - 2008: Second National GDR and First International GDR-I: Nano-I
•Present
Graphene and Nanotubes: Sciences and Applications: GNT GDR + GDR-I created in 2009
•Three scientific priorities
1- Structure and properties of the individual nano-object
2- Properties of graphene and nanotube based devices
3- Chemical manipulation and fabrication of devices
The Partners
•National GDR
50 teams issued from CNRS, Universities, CEA, ONERA, Thales...
•International GDR (GDR-I)
French teams:
LEM (Cnrs-Onera), L2C (Montpellier), I. Néel (Grenoble),CRPP (Bordeaux)
European teams:
FNRS and UCL Louvain la Neuve (Belgium)
University of Cambridge, Great Britain
CSIC, Spain (Zaragoza, Barcelona, Madrid, San Sebastian)
Freie Universität Berlin, Germany
University of Athens, Greece
Canadian team: Université de Montréal
•Associate teams: TUK (Helsinki), GPI (Moscou), U. Karlsruhe...
60 teams, 450 scientists, 120-150 PhD students, about 1/2 on graphene
Organization
•General coordination - A. Loiseau
•Deputy coordinators
J.-L. Sauvajol, D. Mayou (France)
J.C. Charlier (Belgium) •Scientific council
Theme 1: L. Cognet -F, D. Mayou-F, J.L. Sauvajol-F, A. Ferrari –GB, S. Reich-G
Theme 2: H. Bouchiat -F, S. Roche-F, J.-C. Charlier-B, R. Martel-Ca
Theme 3: A. Bianco-F, E. Dujardin-F, A. Pénicaud-F, W. Maser-Sp, N. Tagmatarkis-Gr
•Secretary and Communication
Web site: C. Ewels –F
Secretary, electronic alerts, news letters: H. Amara-F
Web site: http://www.graphene-nanotubes.org/
Meetings organized by the GDR
•General annual meeting: 4 full days in an unique convivial place
Belgium 2005, France 2006 and 2007, Spain 2009, France 2011
•International Conference on chemistry created by the GDR: ChemOn Tubes
2006 Arcachon-F, 2008 Zaragoza-Sp, 2010 Arcachon-F
•International thematic Schools
1) Carbon Nanotubes Cargèse 2006, 2) Graphene Cargèse 2010
•International Conference on Science and applications of nanotubes: NT , NT8 in Montpellier 2008, NT10 in Montréal 2010, NT11 in Cambridge 2011
•International Conference on Graphene organized by the GDR with the
Phantoms Foundation
Graphene 2011 in Bilbao 11 – 15 April 2011 Annual Meeting 2011 at Dourdan
•150 attendees, half of students •Ingredients of the scientific program:
- tutorials, invited and contributed talks
- posters
- 2 round tables on nanotubes sorting and on synthesis of graphene
•Special care to students / young researchers
- very low fees for students
- invited talks (1/6) and most of oral contributions (2/3) - session of questions from students
•Special attention to posters
- clips presentation
presentation
- 2 or 3 attractive and convivial sessions
sessions
•Free
ee time d
dedicated
edicated to in
informal
nformal dis
discussions
scussiions
s
Arcachon, France
April 11 – 15, 2010
International Meeting on the Chemistry of Nanotubes and
Graphene
Scope
All sessions will be devoted to both graphene
and carbon nanotubes
Functionalization, dispersion, sorting
Composites, foams, coatings
Energy storage, conversion, harvesting
Nanomedicine, biomaterials
Functional materials
Catalysis, filtration, membranes Organic electronics
London
Paris
Arcachon
Madri
d
Chemontubes 2010 : 4 days, and 2 poster sessions
ca 10 invited lectures + 40 oral presentations
250 participants
Frankfurt
Milano
NT’08
29th June to 4th July 2008
Le Corum, Montpellier
Organizing committee issued from the GDR-I
Annick Loiseau (LEM, Chatillon, France),
J.L. Sauvajol
Jean-Louis Sauvajol (LCVN, Montpellier, France)
Jean-Christophe Charlier (PCPM, Louvain, Belgium)
Pierre Petit (ICS, Strasbourg, France)
Co-organizer
David Tomanek (MSU, USA)
National Committee
J.C. Charlier
Robert Almairac, Eric Anglaret, Vincent Jourdain,
Christophe Goze (LCVN,Montpellier)
Serge Lefrant, Jean-Charles Riquier (IMN, Nantes)
Philippe Poncharal (LPMCN, Lyon)
Stéphan Roche (CEA, Grenoble)
D. Tomanek
Some Numbers
•750 attendees from 55 countries: the largest conference on NTs to date
•1/3 attendees were granted PhD students
•5 key notes, 12 invited talks, 40 oral talks and 500 posters
•3 satellite meetings on computing metrology, bio-applications
•1/2 oral contributions presented by young researchers
•20 poster awards
Conferences & tutorials
accessible on the web site:
http://www.cnrs-imn.fr/NT08/
NT'10 Montréal Canada June 27 - July 2, 2010
www.nt10.org
Local Organizing Commitee
Richard Martel
Paul Finnie
Jacques Lefebvre
Benoit Simard
-540 attendees
-700 posters
-4 satellite meetings including the 1st one graphene
•22 lecturers, 88 participants (more than 150 applications)
•10 senior scientists + 78 PhD students
and post-docs
•30 from France + 10 from GDR-I
DATE
11-14 April 2011
COMMITTEES
Organizing Committee
TOPICS
•Growth, synthesis techniques and
integration methods
• Spectrocopies (Optics, Raman, EELS)
and microscopies (HRTEM, STM, AFM)
• Quantum transport
• Chemistry of Graphene
• Spintronics, Magnetism
• Theory and simulation
• Nanoelectromechanical systems
• Applications (gaz sensors, composites,
nanoelectronic devices...) Antonio Correia (Phantoms Foundation)
Annick Loiseau (ONERA-CNRS, France and GDRI, International
Research Group on Graphene and Nanotubes)
Stephan Roche (CEA, INAC, France)
Scientific Committee
Tsuneya Ando (TITECH, Tokyo, Japan)
Eva Andrei (Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, USA)
Hélène Bouchiat (LPS Orsay, Paris, France)
Hui-Ming Cheng (Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of
Science, China)
Jean-Christophe Charlier (University Catholique de Louvain,
Belgium)
Toshiaki Enoki (TITECH, Tokyo, Japan)
Vladimir I. Falko (University of Lancaster, England)
Andrea Ferrari (University of Cambridge, England)
Paco Guinea (ICMM, Madrid, Spain)
Tony F. Heinz (Columbia University, USA)
Chun Ning (Jeanie) Lau (University of California, Riverside, USA)
Loh Kian Ping (National University of Singapore)
Thomas Seyller (Universitat Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany)
Young Woo Son (Korea Institute for Advanced Study, Korea)
Summary of GDR actions
•GDR GDR-I has a high visibility via its actions at the service of the
community
•GDR / GDR-I : an efficient network for organizing scientific meetings and
schools, for sharing and promoting its researches •Particular attention paid to young researchers: mobility, training, dissemination
•Scientists community gathered together on nanotubes since 13 years is a
robust and efficient basis for developing research on graphene
- long time scientific expertise on carbon nanostructures
- a large ensemble of numerical and experimental tools
- a common know-how and exchange-how in different fields
Research and task force on Graphene
•Synthesis
•Structure and properties •Chemical manipulation
•Fabrication and study of functional devices
Synthesis 1 : Exfoliation route
• Exfoliated graphene used in transport, spectroscopy studies by many groups H. Bouchiat LPS-Orsay, J.L. Sauvajol L2C-Montpellier, IMN-Nantes, I. Néel-Grenoble E. Dujardin CEMES-Toulouse, P. Poncharal LPMCN-Lyon,B. Raquet LNCMI-Toulouse.... •Original chemical technique using graphite intercalation compounds Patent 2007 (A. Pénicaud, CRPP- Bordeaux)
•Reduction of graphene oxide (A. Pénicaud, CRPP- Bordeaux)
•Anodic bonding technique (Patent WO 2009/074755) usable for any layered
compounds (A. Shukla, IMPMC - Paris 6) A. Pénicaud et al Patent 2007, J.A.C.S. 130, 15802 (2008)
Synthesis 2 : graphene on SiC
(Grenoble) (J.Y. Veuillen et al)
•Experimental set up under
development in several teams:
A. Ouerghi (LPN Marcoussis), J. Camassel (L2C Montpellier), D. Vignaud (IEMN), L. Simon (IS2M-Mulhouse) Epitaxial
graphene
at LPN obtained by evaporation
of Si from SiC
•Modeling the growth and structure calculation
using ab initio techniques coupled to STM: L. Magaud (I. Neel Grenoble)
•Transport studies (under magnetic field, RF...),
ARPES, STM / STS... I. Néel, LNCMI, IS2M, LPN-Marcoussis, Soleil, IEMN
LEED
ARPES (Soleil / Antarès)
•First implementation at I. Néel
AFM
(P. Soukiassian, CEA-Saclay)... •Gr / SiC used as template for functionalisation
or intercalation, surface nanostructuration
(ex Au at IS2M-Mulhouse)
(5 nm)
•Long time expertise on SiC Epitaxial graphene at IEMN obtained by graphitization or MBE
Synthesis 3 : CVD graphene
•Long time expertise on CVD
for synthesis of NTs and
graphitic structures •Modelisation of growth using robust tight
binding techniques developed for NT growth H. Amara (LEM-Onera), C. Bichara (Cinam-Marseille)
•Experimental set up under
•Transfer issue: development in several teams:
IEMN, L2C, LPN, LPA, CEMES...
J. Coraux (I. Néel-Grenoble)
C. Cojocaru (LPICM-Palaiseau)
A. Ouerghi (LPN Marcoussis)
B. Plaçais (LPA-ENS Paris)
A. Loiseau (LEM-Onera)...
•Functionalisation, patterning, nanostructuration
I. Néel, L2C...
Numerical simulation of the growth of graphene on Ni at LEM (H. Amara et al, Phys. Rev. B 2006, 2009) J. Coraux et al NL 2008
NDiaye et al, NJP08
STM images of graphene on Ir (111) at I. Néel
Structure and Physical Properties
•Spectroscopies: Micro-Raman and optical spectroscopies, STM / STS at VT and spin polarized, ARPES, Magneto-spectroscopy... J.L. Sauvajol (L2C-Montpellier), P. Mallet, J. Coraux (I. Néel), L. Simon (IS2M), A. Ouerghi (LPN), M. Potemski (LNCMI-Grenoble), B. Plaçais (LPA-Paris), and also CEMES-Toulouse, IEMN-Lille, IMN-Nantes....
Synchrotron facilities at Soleil, ESRF
National facility of High magnetic field (Grenoble, Toulouse) •TEM / STEM facilities 1) instruments with aberration correctors with variable tension
IPCMS-Strasbourg, LPN Marcoussis, CEMES-Toulouse, LPS-Orsay
2) projects of environnemental microscopes
LPN – Ecole Polytechnique Palaiseau, U. Lyon Snapshots -1
a)
b)
c)
d)
R3
Thickness measurement of graphene layers on
SiC by combining transmission map and Raman
integrated intensities maps (G and 2D bands)
optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) images
from J.LS Sauvajol (L2C-Montpellier)
STM images of a graphene monolayer
on 2 reconstructed
C faces of SiC
from J.Y. Veuillen (I. Néel)
Structure and Physical Properties
•Transport, magnetism, supraconductivity, spintronics, transport under high
magnetic field (national facility at Toulouse and Grenoble)...
H. Bouchiat (LPS-Orsay), B. Jouault (L2C-Montpellier), M. Potemski & B. Raquet (LNCMI), V. Bouchiat & W. Wernsdorfer (I. Néel),
•Structure and spectroscopy ab Initio calculations: F. Mauri (IMPMC-Paris 6), L. Wirtz (IEMN-Lille), L. Magaud (I. Néel-Grenoble) •Ab initio calculations of electronic structure, quantum transport, electronic
properties in magnetic field, multiscale techniques
M. Goerbig (LPS-Orsay), JC Charlier (UCL-Louvain), S. Roche (Barcelona)
L. Magaud, D. Mayou (I.Néel),
•Modelisation and simulation of the growth
H. Amara LEM-Onera Paris, C. Bichara Cinam-Marseille
Snapshots -2
Tuning the electron phonon coupling in multilayer graphene with magnetic fields
from C. Faugeras LNCMI-Grenoble)
Calculated conductance of a quantum point contact
from D. Mayou (I. Néel)
(Left) Quantum Hall Effect in
mono, bi and trilayer graphene
at very high magnetic field.
(Right) Two nano-ribbons
(W=70nm) connected to metallic
electrodes from LNCMI -T
Chemical manipulation
•Functionalization by intercalation, molecule grafting, cluster deposition... V. Bouchiat, J. Coraux (I. Néel), L. Simon (IS2M), C. Ewels (IMN-Nantes) S. Picaud (Utinam-Besançon), E. Dujardin (Cemes-Toulouse) •Patterning Dissolution, film fabrication, liquid crystals, CRPP-Bordeaux, E. Dujardin (Cemes-Toulouse)
•Study of defects
C. Ewels (IMN-Nantes), JC. Charlier (U. Louvain), F. Banhart (IPCMS-Strasbourg)
STM image of
intercalated Au
clusters on C/SiC
STM image of
molecular wires selfassembled on
epitaxial Graphene
From L. Simon IS2M
Discotic nematic liquid crystals formed
by highly concentrated flakes
From CRPP
Towards devices
•Microwave quantum electronics – LPA (ENS Paris)
investigate microwave FET in the quantum capacitance limit with the goal to
demonstrate nanosecond sigle shot electron resolution
•Superconducting mechanical devices, molecular spintronics – I. Néel Grenoble Coupling graphene devices and nanoparticles/molecules to get new functions
•Electromechanical devices – Femto ST Besançon
•Gas sensors – LEM Onera Paris
..... Tunable superconductivity in Tin decorated graphene
From I. Néel
Graphene membranes NEMs Who is doing what and where ?
Synthesis
Towards devices
exfoliated graphene
graphene on SiC
CVD graphene
Quantum transport
Electronic/spin devices
NEMS
Chemical manipulation
National technology platforms
Structure, properties
Theory
optical spectroscopies
STM, electronic spectroscopies
magneto-spectroscopies
TEM/STEM with correctors
Spectroscopies
Growth
Transport
chemistry and defects
Conclusion
•Carbon nanostructures
GDR GNT is at the
intersection of
different fields and
know-how
•Surface science renewal
•Mesoscopic physics
•Ab initio and multiscale techniques mixing ab initio and TB tools
•Quantum electronics, spintronics
•NEMS For all information visit the web site: http://www.graphene-nanotubes.org/