Characteristics of the postural status of young talented athletes related to the sport
discipline
1
1
2
Karalić Bratislava , Dragojević Milena , Mihajlović Milan
1
Republic Institute for sports, Belgrade, 2 Faculty for Sport Management, University ”Braća Karić”, Belgrade, SCG
Introduction
The Republic Institute for Sports has systematically studied bio-psycho-social characteristics and motoric potentials of
selected young athletes, the participants of Juvenile sport camps in Serbia. The special segment represents the postural
status establishing as the factor of physical growth. Previous researches have showed that postural disorders are
present in children and youth, athletes and non/athletes. We have noticed that athletes, the participants of Juvenile sport
camps have got some postural disorders and that they are characteristic for some sport disciplines. The aim of this
research is to ratify whether sport group has great influence on the apparition of postural disorders, specific for the
particular sport discipline. The specifics of the sport discipline imply the body posture, symmetrically or asymmetrically
movement making, the type and the weight of the requisites, special aesthetic requirements while performing the
competitive activity etc.
Methods
With our research we have embraced 292 athletes, the participants of Juvenile sport camp Karataš 2004, of both sex
(M=153, F=139) into seven sport disciplines; table tennis, ice hockey, shooting, synchronized swimming, handball, judo
and weight lifting. These sports are selected on purpose because of their already mentioned specific characteristics. The
average age of subject was 15.03+ 2.08 years, and sport experience 4.99+2.86 years. The variable sample describing
the postural status: Body height (TV), the distance of acromion from the seventh cervical vertebra to the left (AL) and to
the right (AD), the distance of the lower part of scapula from the prominent pectoral vertebra – the left (SL) and the right
(SD), the cervical curve (C), the lumbal curve (L), the contracture of m. iliopsoass of the left (CIL) and the right side
(CID), the plantogram of the left (PL) and of the right foot (PD). Taking into account the differences related to age and
body height, we calculated the following variable indexes describing the postural status: the index of acromion
differences AKR=(AL-AD)/TV*100, the index of absolute value of the acromion differences AKRABS=ABS(AKR), the
index of scapula differences SCA=(SL-SD)/TV*100, the index of absolute value of scapula SCAABS=ABS(SCA), the
index of cervical curve CER=C/TV*100, the index of lumbal curve LUM=L/TV*100, the degree of contracture unbalance
CONTR=(CIL-CID)/(CIL+CID), the index absolute value of the degree of contracture unbalance CONTABS=ABS(CONT),
the degree of feet droop PLA=(PL-PD)/(PL+PD), the index of absolute value of the degree of feet droop
PLAABS=ABS(PLA). The postural status has been established using the plummet, meter and demograph, contracture of
m. iliopsoass using the semicircle. We have done the descriptive statistics for the whole sample and the differences
between the examined groups of athletes are tested using the Kruskal-Wallis test.
Results
When we eliminate the influence of morphological factors on the indexes of postural status of the subjects and when we
consider the postural disorders according to location and intensity it is possible to conclude the following - the postural
disorders in the frontal plane are shown with the deviation of acromion posture from the seventh cervical vertebra. We
have found statistically important differences between the groups (AKRABS, H=20.11, p=.0027), while the differences
according to locality criteria of disorders are at the very crucial point (AKR, H=12.87, p=.0452); When the distance of the
lower part of scapula from the prominent pectoral vertebra (left and right)is considered, according to locality criteria of
disorders, there are no statistically important differences between the groups (SCA H=8.26, p=.2198) but according to
the criteria of the disorder intensity they are big differences between them (SCAABS, H=32.18, p=.0000); When we
consider the functions of the index of postural status of the spine in the sagittal plane evaluated through the status of
cervical (C) and lumbal (L) curve, the groups are not very statistically different in the variable of the cervical curve (CER
H=10.28, p=.1133) but are statistically different in the lumbal curve variable (LUM, H=28.06,p=.0001); When we consider
the parameters of m. iliopsoass contractures, it is possible to determine that the anisotropy of contractures is registered
within all groups, but the differences between the groups are not statistically important (CONTR, H=9.60, p=.1424), while
the differences between the groups, registered according to intensity are statistically relevant (CONTABS, H=25.32,
p=.0003); Anisotropy of the status of longitudinal feet droop function and their absolute values between the tested groups
are not different (PLA H=8.13, p=.2288, PLAABS, H=9.92, p=.1280).
Discussion/Conclusion
In the tested sample it is established that the selected sport discipline makes differences in the subjects according to
their postural status. We recommend that the training process of young athletes include special compensation corrective
exercises that would improve and mend specific changes that have occurred.
References
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Prvi Kongres sportskih nauka i medicine sporta,Sportska medicina, časopis udruženja za mdicinu sporta, Beograd.145
2.Tomašević,V. (1985): PREVENCIJA POSTURALNOG POREMEĆAJA KIČMENOG STUBA KOD DECE
PREDŠKOLSKOG UZRASTA,Doktorska disertacija, FFK univerziteta u Beogradu.
3.Ulić,D.(1997):LUMBALNA LORDOZA-KLUČ PRAVILNE POSTURE, Uloga nastavnika u svetu koji se menja, Zbornik
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