Statistics: Science of conducting studies to collect and organize/summarize/analyze and draw conclusions about data There are multiple parts of statistics Variable: characteristic that can assume different values usually independent/dependent variable independent is the your experimental product etc., dependent depends on the independent Data: Values that the variables can assume measurements or observations for the variable Facts and statistics collected together each data point is in a data set Random variables – variables that values are determined by chance Data set- collection of data values Data value/Datum- value in a data set usually represented in a data table Descriptive stats- collection/organization/summarization/presentation of the data Specific and describes the situation Inferential stats –consists of generalizing from samples to populations performing estimations and hypothesis test, determining relationships between variable and making predictions Draws a conclusion from a smaller number to a larger group Probability – the chance of an event occurring can be measure in several ways percentages/ fractions/ratios used for inferential stats likelihood of something happening different types of probability various forms of gambling etc. Population- Often represented with the variable N consists of all subjects that are being studies can be human or otherwise Sample – a group of subjects from the population/ a part of the population when they are picked they should have the same or similar characteristics same percentages of the overall population used in inferential statistics Hypothesis testing: decision making process for evaluation claims about a population also based on information that came from samples used in inferential statistics Qualitative stats: variable that can be placed in to categories according to some characteristic or attribute (gender etc.) Quantitative variables: variable that is based on numbers that need to be ordered or ranged opposite of qualitative Discrete variable: they assume values that can be counted generally whole number items (number of chairs in the room) Continuous variables: can assume an infinite number of values they are obtained by measuring and often contain fractions and decimals Nominal level of measurement: classifies data in mutually exclusive categories in which no order or ranking in imposed non overlapping Ordinal level of measurement: categorizing data that can be ranking with differences between the ranks Interval level of measurement: ranking of data where precise levels of differences do exist, there is no meaning for zero Ratio level of measurement: possess all characteristics of interval but contains zero