Using UAV To Measure Outdoor Air Quality
Marc Papageorge – VP Operations
Dr. Joseph R. Stetter – CTO
SPECSensors; 8430 Central Ave. Suite C, Newark, CA 94560; 1-510-574-8300
Do You Know?
• 25 million people today are chronically ill world-wide due to poor air quality
• 4 million people die each year of CO suffocation due to smoke inhalation
• 3 million cardiopulmonary & lung cancer deaths each year are attributable to
PM10 & PM2.5 globally
• 1.6 million premature deaths occur each year from prolong CO ingestion
• 100 ppm of CO causes headache, tiredness, dizziness, nausea within 2 hours of
exposure
• 800 ppm of CO can cause death in less than one hour
• 4000 suicidal cases per year due to over exposure of CO
Sources:
Kaiser Family Foundation
Silicon Valley Smart City Council
WHO Health Affects Of Particulate Matter
CES Medical Symposium
3
Company Background
• Founded: 2012
• Headquarters: Fremont, California
• Employees: 12
• Facility: 10K/ft2
• Traction to Revenue: 18 months
• Market Focus: Smart Cities, Smart Homes, Medical, & IoT
• Angel Round: Alphasense, U.K. based, Industrial Sensors
What Gas Sensors Do?
Health
Automotive
Consumer
Industrial
Commercial
Safety
Environmental
Security
Medical
How Are Humans Exposed?
Dermal
Skin Penetration
Ingestion
Air
Inhaling of Gases & Vapors
Contaminated Food
Measured AQI For Gases & Particle Sizes
Six Criteria Pollutants:
• Ozone (O3), SO2, NO2, CO
• Particulate matter (PM10um & PM2.5um)
• VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds)
June 11, 2015
Beijing AQI
National Ambient Air Quality Index Standards
Where SPEC Sensors & IoT Intersect Today
Air Quality for Health, Safety, Security.
• Precise Measurement US EPA Criteria Pollutants
• CO, NO2, SO2, Ozone
• Smart Home & City
• Wearables
Consumer & Medical Devices
• Breath Analysis
• Alcohol (EtOH)
• Asthma (NO)
• Bad Breath (VSC’s / Sulphur)
• Metabolic Rate (Ketones)
Air Quality India
Small Business Innovation Research Grant
NASA’s Airborne Science Program
• Configure UAV With SPEC’s Sensors
• Needs To Show Trace Gas Analysis
http://climate.nasa.gov/
• Multi Electrochemical Gas Sensors for SO2, CO, NO2, O3
Design constraints
• Low power
• Low weight
• Fast response
• Sensor resolution (~5 ppm CO)
http://climate.nasa.gov/
UAV/Payload Considerations
• Weight: Max. 0.5 lbs
• Duration: 1 hour flight time (15mins)
• Altitude: 500 ft max.
• Air Speed: 20- 30 knots (~30 - 50fps or 35 – 55 KmH)
• Sensor reading spatial resolution of 55 ft (1 Hz)
• CO Sensors
• Data storage:
• EEPROM for 1 hour’s data, 3600 points with coordinates
UAV DJI 330D Phantom Drone
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Take-Off Weight <1200g
Hovering Accuracy (Gps Mode)
Max Yaw Angular Velocity 200°/s
Max Tilt Angle 45°
Max Ascent / Descent Speed 6m/s
Max Flight Velocity 10m/s
SPEC CO Sensors Attached
Sensor Working Principal
CO + H2O = CO2 + 2H+ + 2e-
CO2
CO
Gas
Permeation
Catalyst
Membrane
Gas Detection Hole
Self Contained
e-
Zero Power
Electrolyte
Working
Electrode
Counter
Electrode
O2 + 4H+ + 4e- = 2H2O
Reference
Electrode
Catalytic
Sensor Integration With UAV
• Unmanned Aircraft: DJI 330D Phantom
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Sensor: CO ES with Bluetooth
Data Transmission: 900MhZ
Lower Detection Limit: 1ppm
Resolution: 1ppm
Measure Range: 1 - 1000ppm
Response Time: <30sec
Power: <3uW
Line of Sight: 400Ft.
Source: KWJ Engineering
This World Needs A Better CO Sensor
Concentration
of CO In Air
Inhalation Times & Toxic Symptoms
1ppm
Health Effects of CO Start
5ppm
Pregnancies & Low Birth Weight Affected
10ppm
Heart Disease Increases
20ppm
Exercise Performance Lowered
25ppm
Permanent Fetus Damage Occurs
30ppm
25% Increase in Cardo-Respiratory Symptoms
5-25ppm
Beijing Air Quality Ambient CO
27-30ppm
Typical Home CO Alarm; Needs To Be Continuous
For 28 Days. Insufficient Health Measurement
Smart City Overview
WHAT IF? You could map city air quality with gas sensors?
Smart City Overview
WE ARE!
18
Smart Cities & IoT Launches
• Several 100,000 Unit Orders For London Smart Cities Air
Quality Launch
• Intel New Devices & IoT
• June 20th Launch of Edison - Seeed Studio Air Quality Product
• Intel Smart Cities
• Intel Wearables
• Live Demo
SPEC Sensors & Intel Air Quality Modules
Four Stackable Pair Modules:
• CO and TOX
• NO2 and O3
• SO2 and H2S
• TOX and TOR
SPEC Sensor Detection
Meets & Exceeds Regulatory Measurement Limits
Ɨ
ƗƗ
*
Gas
SPEC*
Detection Limit
(ppm)
EPAƗ
(ppm)
OSHAƗƗ
(ppm)
CO
0.080
35
50
NO2
0.020
0.1
5
O3
0.020
0.075
0.1
SO2
0.020
0.075
5
H2 S
0.005
NA
20
EPA National Ambient Air Quality Standards
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limits
Customer Measured Data for sensor system -2015
SPEC Sensors Solution: SIP Modules For
Wearable & IoT products
• Flex and Multisensor: CO, O3, NO2, H2S, SO2, NO, Alcohol..
• Wireless 900 MHz, BTLE, Cloud, …
• Analog & Digital out; Compatible; Multi Features, Ease,
Evolution of Electrochemical Sensors
10mm
Past
Present
Future
The Why?
“…To measure is to know” &
“if you cannot measure it, you cannot improve it…”
[Lord Kelvin/William Thompson 1824-1907]
THANK YOU
WWW.SPEC-SENSORS.COM
Environmental Awareness in the IoT Age
SPEC Sensors LLC 8430 Central Ave. Suite C, Newark, CA 94560; 1-510-574-8300
www.spec-sensors.com
mvp@spec-sensors.com