August 12 & 13, 2010
Incorporating Games & Gaming Techniques
into Your e-Learning
501
Game Play:
How to Build a Game into
ILT, ELT, and Mobile
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
into your e-Learning
Aug 12 & 13, 2010
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
1
Everyone owns what they create. But everything found in nature, especially land, belongs equally to all. The philosophy is associated with the idea of a single tax on the value of land. Tax on land value is efficient, fair and equitable, and will accrue sufficient revenue so that other taxes (which are less fair and efficient) can be reduced or eliminated.
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Page 1
Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
into your e-Learning
Aug 12 & 13, 2010
What game do you know of that teaches about real estate and landlordship?
Use chat to answer
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3
Lizzie Magie applied for a patent on a game called The Landlord’s Game
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Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Page 2
Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
into your e-Learning
Aug 12 & 13, 2010
L&D can learn from Monopoly
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5
Game professionals believe that Monopoly is not a good example of good game design
What do you think the design flaw is with Monopoly?
Chat now!
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Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Page 3
Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
into your e-Learning
Aug 12 & 13, 2010
Game professionals believe that the mechanics should be adjusted
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7
Serious game experience???
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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Aug 12 & 13, 2010
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Quick on the Draw
 TV game show content
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Avalon Hill
 Wednesday salons
 Learned about war
 Bit by game bug
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Reconnaissance mission
 Sneaking games into training
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9


Use green for yes
Use red x
for no
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Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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Aug 12 & 13, 2010
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Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
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Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
Page 6
Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
into your e-Learning
Aug 12 & 13, 2010

Game: a structured system that includes conflict, rules and end goals and it’s entertaining. Systems waiting to be understood.
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Goals: A victory condition. A method of winning that is usually game‐specific.
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Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
Page 7
Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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Aug 12 & 13, 2010
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Game‐based learning is gaining momentum
 Methodologies are being designed
 Name up for debate
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Games can be
 used to portray difficult concepts and via game play and interactions
 provide an easier way for the learner to grasp and practice complex information.
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Designed for a primary purpose other than pure entertainment.  Defense, education, scientific exploration, health care, emergency management, city planning, engineering, religion, and politics.
 Term first used in 1970 –
Serious Games book by Clark Abt
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Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
into your e-Learning
Aug 12 & 13, 2010
What is the best serious game you ever played? Name please
Use chat now
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Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
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Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
Page 9
Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
into your e-Learning
Aug 12 & 13, 2010
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Game terminology  how game mechanics fit into adult training
 examples for using game‐based learning
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Discuss games with constituency  help them understand why games should be an integral part of the curriculum
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How is a game different from other media?
Use chat now
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Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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A game includes an environment
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The objects within the environment can change
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Rules govern changes of state of objects
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Players manipulate objects or interact with the environment
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Player rewards and punishments resulting from changes to the state of the game
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Challenges for players through the design of game mechanics
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Dramatic Elements –
story, back story, provides flow, premise, character agents Character design
Key‐shot creation
 Good story consists of several key moments connected together
Leontyne Robinson of LTR Creations
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Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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Gameplay is the interaction with a game through its rules.  It’s the game challenges.
 It’s the plot and the player's connection with it. 
It’s the connection between player and game.
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC

About something – not abstract
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Carcassonne – build a medieval landscape complete with walled‐cities and monasteries in the area around the French city
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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Aug 12 & 13, 2010
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Games make failure compelling
Game over

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What is a game and why is it fun:
 players interact with a set of rules
 make meaningful choices
 develop strategies in an attempt to reach a goal
Compare a typical entertainment games experience with a typical learning experience the contrast is glaringly obvious. When was the last time you had to drag a learner from their PC at 11 pm as they plead, “Please…just another hour…I really want to finish this module”?
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
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Things players must do
 Motivated to achieve something to yield rewards
 Little rewards incrementally dosed
 Communicate with each about accomplishments
 Continually seeking achievements
Drive players to continue play
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Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Mechanics
Turns
Action points
Cards
Capture / eliminate
Collecting
Dice
Levels
Resource management
Risk and reward
Role‐playing
Tile‐laying
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Victory Conditions
Goals
Loss avoidance
Piece elimination
Puzzle guessing
Races
Structure building
Territory control
Victory points
Combination conditions
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
Rook is a ____________
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Chess Board is a ____ __ _____
Players make meaningful choices
Incredibly simple goal ‐ checkmate
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Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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Aug 12 & 13, 2010
How can levels be used in training games?
Use chat now
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Multiple Routes Principle: Multiple ways to make progress or move ahead.
Allows learners to :
 make choices
 rely on their own strengths  styles of learning  problem‐solving  While exploring alternative styles
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Active, Critical Learning Principle: The learning environment must encourage active and critical, not passive, learning
James Paul Gee, author of What Video Games Have to Teach Us about Learning and Literacy , describes 36 learning principles that well‐designed games embody
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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Player /
Participant
Gather
Info
Skill /
Mastery
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Player action
Interacts with Rules and systems In game object
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Game state change
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
Feedback
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Aug 12 & 13, 2010
Mechanics
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Dynamics
Aesthetics
Mechanics describes the components of the game – data, algorithm, code and the rules
Mechanics are the actions, behaviors and control mechanisms provided within the game Behavior that is a direct consequence of the rule
*MDA – A formal Approach to Game Design and Game Research Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Mechanics
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Dynamics
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Aesthetics
Dynamics = system
Dynamics emerge from mechanics
Behavior that is indirect consequence of the rules
Dynamics create aesthetic experiences
Combined with the game’s content (levels, assets and so on) the mechanics support overall gameplay dynamics –
mechanics acting on player inputs and outputs Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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Mechanics
Aesthetic
Sensation
Fantasy
Narrative Challenge
Fellowship
Discovery
Expression
Submission
Dynamics
Aesthetics
Description
Game as sense‐pleasure Game as make‐believe
Game as drama
Game as obstacle course
Game as social framework
Game as uncharted territory Game as self‐discovery Game as pastime
*Mark LeBanc ‘s Eight kinds of fun Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
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Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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Aug 12 & 13, 2010
Code Rules
Process
Game System
Requirements
Fun
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Interacts with Rules and systems 37
Output
Player Input
Game state change
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Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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Aug 12 & 13, 2010
_____________
____________
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Leadership
Corporate
Culture
Finance
______________
Chat now!
Business Systems
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Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Business Process
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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Aug 12 & 13, 2010
Stone City
Cold Stone Creamery training game –
allocate profitable portions
Ian Bogost – Persuasive Games
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41
Army Influence Trainer provides an overview of influence techniques documented in Army leadership doctrine, FM 6‐22. GamesThatWork.com Big Fun Development Corporation
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Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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Watch the competition. Price Point is a game designed for up to 4 player head to head competition. Players decide in which markets to compete, keep their prices low enough to stay competitive, and high enough to make a profit.
GamesThatWork.com Big Fun Development Corporation
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43
Cheat. That's right. Go ahead and cheat. Don't just take a swing when you can figure out exactly how hard and what direction to hit the ball each time.
GamesThatWork.com Big Fun Development Corporation
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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This game is designed to familiarize students with general business concepts from inception through to trading covering; marketing, production and strategic decision making over a 3‐year ‘game’ life cycle. Placing you in the world of sales you are immersed in a series of sales meetings. The key to success will be a fine balance between matching customer expectations for the product whilst ensuring the enterprise can compete on price with its rivals.
45
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
SimuLearn User practice getting an agenda through a variety of increasingly complex meetings
Intellexis
Financial Derivatives –
Created by Pricewaterhous
eCoopers to teach its 24‐
year‐old‐
average‐aged auditors derivatives on corporate balance sheets. Better Business Game Simulation game from British Telecom about managing social and environmental issues in a business. The player takes on the role of corporate CEO. Straight Shooter Business Policies: A first person shooter game ‐ marketers hunt for clients in cities, airports and hotels around the world. Clients can only be acquired when the player has demonstrated he or she understands the policies. Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
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Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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http://www.re‐mission.net/site/game/
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
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Think you know what it takes to make the energy systems that serve a city more efficient? Could you make the city’s water cleaner, its banks
more robust and customer‐centric and its retail stores more innovative? Your mission:
Level‐Up your skills and discover how to make our Planet smarter, revolutionize industries and solve real‐world business, environmental and logistical problems using IBM solutions.
"We can't solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them."
— ALBERT EINSTEIN
http://www‐01.ibm.com/software/solutions/soa/innov8/cityone/index.html
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Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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http://ayiti.newzcrew.org/globalkids/
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http://www.monkeywrenchstudio.com/Game_final/smeGame.html
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Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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http://www.siqur.com/
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How did we do it?
Gamebryo engine
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Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Type
What Cost
Projects
Free
PPT templates
MS Word MS Excel
$0
Simple recall games or simple board games
Inexpensive eLearning $700 ‐
Brothers, Raptivity $3000
Moderate recall games or moderate board games
Moderate
Flash, Blender, Java, Torque, C++ with SDL or PopCap
framework
$0 – 1000
Plus
learning curve or classes
Customized, needs programmer and artist
Expensive
Gambryo, mosbe, Unity, Unreal $25 ‐
$100k
Needs team of programmers and artists
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Incorporating Games and Gaming Techniques
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Teams
Team A – last name begins with A ‐
L
Team B – last name begins with M ‐ Z
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A
B
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Click to Roll Dice
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Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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A
B
Nice roll!
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Click to reveal question
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Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Answer the question using Team A chat
Describe the three components of MDA
+
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
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A
B
Click to Roll Dice
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
A
B
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Nice roll!
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Click to reveal question
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Name 3 tools that can be used to build games
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Answer the question using Team B chat
+
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Web resource
Presentations
Quiz / reviews
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Mlearning and Alternate Reality Gaming
Oriented towards the development of language skills in Spanish. It is set in a Spanish‐speaking neighborhood in Albuquerque, NM and plays out much like a historical novel in which fact and fiction combine to set the context and social conditions for meaningful interaction (in Spanish) with simulated characters, other players, and local citizens.
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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Facebook – 400 m
82.4 million
Farmville
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I got a in Farmville
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http://www.ted.com/talks/jane_mcgonigal_gaming_can_make_a_better_world.html
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Learning Objective
Learning Application
Game Type
Create
assemble, construct, create, design, develop, formulate, write. Role play, strategy, simulation, persistent state ‐ MMOG, board
Evaluate
appraise, argue, defend, judge, select, support, value, evaluate
Adventure, simulation, detective, board, piece elimination, Analyze
appraise, compare, contrast, criticize, differentiate, discriminate, distinguish, examine, experiment, question, test
Timed, guessing, board, territory control, risk reward, simulation, multiplayer
Apply
choose, demonstrate, dramatize, employ, illustrate, interpret, operate, schedule, sketch, solve, use, write. Invention, puzzles, board, dexterity/coordination, structure building, simulation, strategy, adventure
Comprehend
classify, describe, discuss, explain, identify, locate, recognize, report, select, translate, paraphrase
Puzzles, adventure, board, role play, resource management, simulation
Remember
define, duplicate, list, memorize, recall, repeat, reproduce state
Game show quiz, flash cards, concentration, board, simulation
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
Learning Objective
Learning Application
Create
assemble, construct, create, design, develop, formulate, write. Evaluate
appraise, argue, defend, judge, select, support, value, evaluate
Analyze
appraise, compare, contrast, criticize, differentiate, discriminate, distinguish, examine, experiment, question, test. Apply
choose, demonstrate, dramatize, employ, illustrate, interpret, operate, schedule, sketch, solve, use, write. Comprehend
classify, describe, discuss, explain, identify, locate, recognize, report, select, translate, paraphrase
Remember
define, duplicate, list, memorize, recall, repeat, reproduce state
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Game Type
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Training sponsors must buy in to this idea
This is your brain on training games
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How can you get buy in – ideas that have worked for you
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Game is viewed as entertainment and not seen as relevant
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Wrong course ‐ Games work well in some courses and not others
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It is not clear to all that games give a significant uplift in learning 
Development using expensive ‘games’ engines is OK for consumer products but not for first project and not for every course 
Lack of good tools for games production
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www.seriousgames.org
www.nasaga.org
www.socialimpactgames.com
www.game4change
www.gamesforhealth
www.dodgamecommunity.com
http://seriousgames.ning.com
www.seriousgamessource.com
www.watercoolergames.org
www.igda.org
Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
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Ayiti: The Cost of Life: What is it like to live in poverty, struggling every day to stay healthy, keep out of debt, and get educated
Darfur is Dying An online game by mtvU that simulates life in a Darfur refugee camp.
DARWARS Ambush! Convoy Simulator part of DARPA's DARWARS project, low‐cost experiential training systems
FloodSim A flood prevention sim/strategy game designed to inform the people of the United Kingdom about the dangers of flooding.
Foldit Protein folding, puzzle game where results can be used in real science.
Food Force UN's World Food Programme food airdrops over crisis zones /trucks struggle difficult roads‐rebel threat.
Genomics Digital Lab Interactive science games ‐users learn about importance of plants, energy and environment.
Global Conflict: Palestine: A 3D‐adventure/rpg‐game. Reporter in Jerusalem, and have to write articles for your paper.
Microsoft Flight Simulator sim of civil aviation. One of the few flight sims that does not concentrate on aerial warfare.
Peacemaker Israeli‐Palestinian conflict designed to promote "dialog and understanding among Israelis, Palestinians
Re‐Mission: 3‐D Shooter to help improve the lives of young persons living with cancer.
Ship Simulator maneuver various ships in different environments, although without the effects of wind and current.
Simport: players learn about intricacies involved in construction large infrastructural projects, like a major sea port.
http://www.freerice.com/ Earn rice for people in need while learning words
http://www.livemocha.com/ Wolds Largest Language Learning Community
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Ackerman, Diane, Deep Play, Random House, 1999. Aldrich, Clark, Learning by Doing, 2003
Aldrich, Clark, The Complete Guide to Simulations and Serious Games: How the Most Valuable Content Will Be Created in the Age Beyond Guttenberg to Google, 2003
Crawford, Chris, The Art of Computer Game Design 1980. Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly, Flow: the Psychology of Optimal Experience, Harper & Row, 1990. Huizinga, Johan, Homo Ludens, Beacon Press, 1955. Jensen, Eric, Brain‐Based Learning, The Brain Store, 2000.
McCloud, Scott, Understanding Comics: The Invisible Art, Kitchen Sink Press, 1993. •
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Modeling and Simulation: Linking Entertainment and Defense, National Academy Press, 1997. Murray, Janet H., Hamlet on the Holodeck: The Future of Narrative in Cyberspace, MIT Press, 1997. Poole, Steven, Trigger Happy: Videogames and the Entertainment Revolution, Arcade, 2000. Prensky, Marc, Digital Game‐Based Learning, McGraw‐Hill, 2000. Rose, Colin & Nicholl, Malcolm, J.,(1999) Accelerated Learning for the 21st Century, Dell Publishing,1997 (http://www. Accelerated‐learning.net) Schank, Roger, Virtual Learning, McGraw‐Hill 1997 Tapscott, Don, Growing Up Digital: The Rise of the Net Generation, McGraw‐Hill, 1998. Copyright 2010 © SillyMonkey LLC
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Session 501 – Game Play: How to Build a Game into ILT, ELT, and Mobile –
Deborah Thomas, SillyMonkey
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