VFD Solu)ons Inc. Outline •
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VFD Solu)ons Inc -­‐ a brief introduc)on How a drive works Torque developed by a VFD & AC Motor Type of loads – Torque Curves Energy Savings Poten)al Problems Ques)ons VFD Solu)ons Inc. –  Variable Frequency Drives –  ABB Drives –  AC Tech Drives –  Control Techniques Drives –  SoM Starters –  ABB –  Benshaw –  SAF –  Motors –
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ABB Baldor Reliance Teco –  Input and output filters –  Hammond –  TCI –  Services –
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Custom Panels Start up commissioning Training Repair Field service Preventa)ve maintenance VFD Solutions Inc.
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Motor Torque developed with a VFD VFD Solutions Inc.
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Constant Torque Loads (Power varies linearly with speed) •  Example of CT loads –  Conveyors –  Extruders –  Posi)ve Displacement Pumps –  Screw Type Air Compressors –  Punch Presses •  Torque remains constant Variable Torque Loads (Power varies with the cube of speed) •  Examples of VT loads: –  Centrifugal Pumps –  Centrifugal Fans –  Cooling Tower Fans –  Centrifugal Blowers –  Centrifugal Compressors •  Flow is propor)onal to speed •  Torque is propor)onal to the square of speed Centrifugal pump -­‐  A pump is a machine that transfers liquids -­‐  80 percent of all pumps are centrifugal pumps Flow control Methods •  Flow control is needed when flow varies. •  Think of your home: –  Glass of water –  Shower –  Wash the car –  Water the grass Centrifugal pump and AC Motor It looks good on paper but what about real life ? Input KW 150.6 132.5 111 91.8 75 60.7 21.2 900 28.5 1000 37.1 1100 48.2 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1700 1775 Input Amps Average 157.7 139.0 117.7 98.7 27.7 900 36.0 1000 45.0 1100 56.7 1200 68.7 1300 82.7 1400 1500 1600 1700 1775 Other Benefits •
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Reduced Star)ng current Reduced Power Disturbances Controlled Accelera)on Smoother Process Reverse Opera)on Elimina)on of Components Other energy saving applica)ons •  Punch presses –  More efficient than tradi)onal eddy current drives –  Responsiveness to load changes 10X faster than typical AC + DC drives –  Patented flux braking feature reduces or eliminates the need for dynamic braking resistors –  Reduced maintenance and repair costs rela)ve to DC or eddy current drives –  Improved reliability and serviceability –  Very low speed opera)on for setups not possible with eddy current drives –  Electronic reversing for clearing jams –  Easy to interface to punch press controls Any )me you need to vary the speed or control torque •
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Conveyors Extruders Mixers / Blenders Web Process Machines Kilns Compressors Punch Presses Machining Winder •
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Vacuum Pumps Cooling tower Fans Process Fans Boiler Fans Centrifuges Plas)c Injec)on Crane / Hoist Augers Can we just put a drive on every motor and applica)on ? •  Well…. let’s be careful Problems with Motors •  Motors –  Heat –  Long Cable runs –  Bearing currents VFD Solutions Inc.
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Motor Heat •  Every 10 degrees half's the life of a motor. •  Motor insula)on -­‐ (A, B, F, H) –  Higher insula)on would handle higher temperature bemer •  Speed Range –  A high speed range may require a cooling fan. •  Ambient temperature Motor Long cable runs VFD Solutions Inc.
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Bearing Currents / Insulated Bearings VFD Solutions Inc.
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-  VFD Cable -­‐ Common Mode filter VFD Solutions Inc.
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Input Voltage Spikes VFD Solutions Inc.
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Line Reactors -­‐ reduce voltage spikes -­‐ reduce harmonics VFD Solutions Inc.
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Harmonics VFD Solutions Inc.
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Harmonic trap filter 12 pulse solu)on VFD Solutions Inc.
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Low Harmonic drives VFD Solutions Inc.
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VFD Heat – Cooling required Dust – moisture-­‐ condensa)on VFD Solutions Inc.
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More problems: •
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Vibration
Input contactors
Ouput contactors
Shock loads
Altitude
Generator Power
Gases in the air
Single phase supply
Regen Energy
Braking
Constant pull
Regen drives
Braking choppers
Common DC Bus
VFD Solutions Inc.
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Ques)ons