Marquette University
e-Publications@Marquette
Books by Marquette University Faculty
2013
The Web of Violence: Exploring Connections
Among Different Forms of Interpersonal Violence
and Abuse
Sherry L. Hamby
Sewanee: The University of the South, sherry.hamby@sewanee.edu
John Grych
Marquette University, john.grych@marquette.edu
Follow this and additional works at: http://epublications.marquette.edu/marq_fac-book
Part of the Psychology Commons
Recommended Citation
Hamby, Sherry L. and Grych, John, "The Web of Violence: Exploring Connections Among Different Forms of Interpersonal Violence
and Abuse" (2013). Books by Marquette University Faculty. Book 112.
http://epublications.marquette.edu/marq_fac-book/112
Sherry Hamby· John Grych
The Web of Violence
Exploring Connections Among Different
Forms of Interpersonal Violence and Abuse
~ Springer
Contents
1 The Case for Studying Co-occurrence . . .. ... . .... . . . .. .. . . . ... .
The Cost of Compartmentali zati on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
What is Ga ined by Focusing on Co-occurrence? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Be nefits for Research. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Be nefits for Practice and Poli cy .. . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Are There Costs to the Co-occurrence Approach? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interconnec ti ons, Not Inev itabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Plan o f the Book. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2 Tracing the Threads of the Web: The Epidemiology
of Interconnections Among Forms of Violence and Victimization . . . .
The Language of Co-occurrence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gaps in Know ledge on Co-occurrence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Patterns Across Different Types of Vi olence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Po ly-victimi zation: Co-occ urrence Among Form s of
Victimi zati on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Poly-perpetration: Co-occ urre nce Among Forms of Perpetrati on . . . . . . .
Dual Involvement in Vio lence as Both Perpetrator and Victim .... . ....
Patterns Over Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Revictim izati on: Ongoing Patterns of Victimi zatio n . .. . . . .. . . . .. ... .
Reperpetrati on: Ongoing Patterns of Offending. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Link Between Childhood Victimi zation and Adult
Perpetrati on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Parti cularl y Strong Linkages Between Forms of Vi olence . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gender and Co-occurrence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gender Patterns for Sing le Form s of Vi olence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gender and Co-occurrence: T he Big Picture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conclusio ns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I
2
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4
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II
12
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vii
vi ii
Contents
3 The Causes of Interconnection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conceptuali zing the Causes of Interpersonal Violence ........ . ..... .
Ind ividual Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Cogniti ve Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Emoti onal Processes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Self-Regulati o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B iolog ical Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Situati onal Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Behav ior of Others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Re lationship Contex t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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30
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40
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4 A Developmental Perspective on Interconnection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Developmental Course of Aggress ion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Development of Risk Factors for Violence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Relati onship with Caregivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Child Maltreatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Famil y Confli ct and Exposure to Other Forms of Aggress ion . . . . . . . . . .
Peer Relationships. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Links Between Famil y and Peer Contexts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Romantic Relationships in Adolescence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Links Among Peer, Dating, and Family Re lationships. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
5I
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5 Implications for Research: Toward a More Comprehensive
Understanding of Interpersonal Violence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Developing Models of Interconnection for Interpersonal
Vi olence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
The Ro les of Commo n and Spec ific Factors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Increase the Developmental Focus of Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Attend More to the Linkages Between Vi ctimi zation
and Perpetrati on . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Des ign Method s to Advance the Science o f Co-occurrence .. . ... .....
Sampling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Design Issues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Improvi ng Distincti ons Between Limi ted and Severe
Violence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Data Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Conclusion. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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(
Contents
ix
6
Implications for Prevention and Intervention: A More
Person-Centered Approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1
Preventi o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
81
How Compartme ntali zation A ffec ts Preventi on. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
81
Improv ing Prevention Through Greate r Emphas is on
Co-occurrence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
82
Next Steps: Ad vancing Preventi on Thro ug h Explic it
Emphasis on Co-occurrence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
83
Challenges in M a king Preventio n More Informed by
Co-occurre nce . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
87
Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
89
How Compartme ntalization Affects Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
89
Improv ing Assessme nt Throug h Greater Emphasis o n
Co-occurrence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
90
Next Ste ps: Ad vancing Assess me nt Thro ugh Greater E mphas is
o n Co-occurrence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
91
Interventio n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
92
How Compartme ntali zation Affec ts Interventi on .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
92
Next Steps: Advancing Interventio n Thro ugh Greate r
92
Emphas is on Co-Occurre nce. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Challenges in M aking Assessment and In tervention M ore
Informed by Co-occurre nce. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
93
Exi sting Efforts to Improve Interventio n Throug h Greater
Emphasis on Co-Occurrence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
95
C o mmuni ty-Level Interventions: Policy, Law, a nd Community
Acti o n . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
97
How Compartm entali zation Affects Community-Level
Interventions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
97
Improv ing Communi ty Approac hes Through Greate r
E mphasis on C o-occurrence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
97
Nex t Steps: Ad vanc ing Community Approaches Through
Ex plic it E mphas is on Co-occurrence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
98
Challenges in M aking Commun ity-Level Approac hes
M ore Informed by Co-occurrence. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
99
C onclus io n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 100
Re fere nces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 100
7
Conclusion: Toppling the Silos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Extend a nd Expand Theory a nd Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Integrate a nd Coordinate Preventi o n and Intervention Services . . . . . . . ..
C ommunicate a nd Collaborate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Incentivize and Institutionali ze . ............. . . ...... . ..... . ... .
Final Tho ughts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
Refere nces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
105
106
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108