Power Amp Design PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER Rev A • • • • LOW COST RAIL TO RAIL INPUT & OUTPUT SINGLE SUPPLY OPERATION OPERATION TO ± 5V SUPPLY HIGH OUTPUT CURRENT – 10A 250 WATT OUTPUT CAPABILITY 100 WATT DISSIPATION CAPABILITY WIDE SUPPLY RANGE ± 5V – ± 50V INTEGRATED HEAT SINK AND FAN TEMPERATURE REPORTING OVER-TEMP SHUTDOWN APPLICATIONS LINEAR MOTOR DRIVE INDUSTRIAL AUDIO SEMICONDUCTOR TESTING VIBRATION CANCELLATION DESCRIPTION The PAD116 rail to rail operational amplifier is constructed with surface mount components to provide a cost effective solution for many industrial applications where it is important to obtain a maximum output signal with limited supply voltages. The PAD116 can operate with a power supply voltage as little as ±5V (10V total). With a footprint only 5.6 in2 the PAD116 offers outstanding performance that rivals much more expensive hybrid component amplifiers or rackmount amplifiers. Four-wire programmable current limit is built-in, but the PAD116 is compatible with the external PAD121 current limit accessory module as well. The PAD116 also features a substrate temperature reporting output, over-temp shutdown and external compensation. The amplifier circuitry is built on a thermally conductive but electrically insulating substrate mounted to an integral heat sink and fan assembly. No BeO is used in the PAD116. The resulting module is a small, high performance turn-key solution for many industrial applications. PAD116 MOUNTED IN EVALUATION KIT A NEW CONCEPT A critical task in any power amplifier application is cooling the amplifier. Until now component amplifier manufacturers often treated this task as an after-thought, left for the user to figure out. At Power Amp Design the best heat sink and fan combination is chosen at the start and becomes an integral part of the overall amplifier design. The result is the most compact and volumetric efficient design combination at the lowest cost. In addition, this integrated solution concept offers an achievable real-world power dissipation rating, not the ideal rating usually cited when the amplifier case is somehow kept at 25oC. The user no longer needs to specify, procure or assemble separate components. Power Amp Design PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER • • • • • • • • • • • KEY FEATURES Power Amp Design 3381 W Vision Dr Tucson AZ 85742 USA Phone (520)579-3441 Fax (208)279-5458 Web Site: http://www.PowerAmpDesign.net European Stocking Distributor Phone: +41 44 730 33 53 / Email: sales@condatas.com / www.condatas.com Rietbachstrasse 7, 8952 Schlieren (ZH) Switzerland PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT & CONNECTIONS EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT Cc * * * 3 2 1 4 6 7 5 8 AC +VB +Vcc Cc2 Cc1 TMP GND SD SUB OUT 9 C2 10 11 12 13 14 +Vs OUT1 + C1 VIEW FROM COMPONENT SIDE -VB OUT2 -IN +IN -Vcc NC NC OUT NC +IL -IL IC 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 * * * C4 PHASE COMPENSATION Cc GAIN 1 470pF 3 220pF > 10 100pF SLEW RATE 1.6V/uS 4V/uS 8V/uS + RS -Vs 17 16 15 TO FEEDBACK & LOAD C4 * SEE APPLICATION CIRCUITS FOR OTHER CONNECTIONS AND FUNCTIONS. Power Amp Design PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER AMPLIFIER PINOUT & CONNECTIONS Power Amp Design 3381 W Vision Dr Tucson AZ 85742 USA Phone (520)579-3441 Fax (208)279-5458 Web Site: http://www.PowerAmpDesign.net 2 European Stocking Distributor Phone: +41 44 730 33 53 / Email: sales@condatas.com / www.condatas.com Rietbachstrasse 7, 8952 Schlieren (ZH) Switzerland PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS SPECIFICATIONS __________________________________________________________________________________ PARAMETER INPUT ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS 100V 15A, within SOA 100W 175°C INPUT VOLTAGE +Vs to −Vs7 ± 20V DIFFERENTIAL INPUT VOLTAGE TEMPERATURE, pin solder, 10s 300°C TEMPERATURE RANGE, storage −40 to 70°C5 OPERATING TEMPERATURE, heat sink −40 to 105°C TEST CONDITIONS1 OFFSET VOLTAGE OFFSET VOLTAGE vs. temperature OFFSET VOLTAGE vs. supply 3 BIAS CURRENT, initial BIAS CURRENT vs. supply OFFSET CURRENT, initial INPUT RESISTANCE, DC INPUT CAPACITANCE COMMON MODE VOLTAGE RANGE COMMON MODE REJECTION, DC NOISE, referred to input GAIN MIN Full temperature range ± Vs 100kHz bandwidth, 1kΩ RS 92 OPEN LOOP GAIN BANDWIDTH PRODUCT @ 1MHz PHASE MARGIN RL= 100Ω, CC=100pF 100 Full temperature range 60 VOLTAGE SWING VOLTAGE SWING CURRENT, continuous, DC SLEW RATE, AV = −10 SETTLING TIME, to 0.1% RESISTANCE IO = 10A IO = −10A TRANSITION TIME, off TRANSITION TIME, on CURRENT ± output voltage to zero Zero to normal output internal currents dumped into load OUTPUT CC = 100pF 2V Step No load, DC SHUTDOWN POWER SUPPLY 7 ±5 VOLTAGE CURRENT, quiescent +VB OUT, -VB OUT, load THERMAL Output voltage for accessory modules 4 RESISTANCE, AC, junction to air RESISTANCE, DC, junction to air 5 TEMPERATURE RANGE, ambient air TEMPERATURE, shutdown, substrate FAN, 60mm dc brushless, ball bearing OPERATING VOLTAGE OPERATING CURRENT AIR FLOW RPM NOISE 6 L10, life expectancy, 50OC O 6 L10, life expectancy, 25 C +Vs−1 −Vs+1 10 6.4 Full temperature range, f ≥ 60Hz Full temperature range TYP MAX 1 20 3 50 20 100 0.1 50 100 4 1 UNITS mV μV/OC μV/V pA pA/V pA GΩ pF V dB mVrms dB MHz degree 1 8 2 3 V V A V/μS μS Ω 1 2 ±6 μS μS mA ± 35 32 ± 50 38 ± 1.5 1.1 1.5 70 V mA mA O 110 C/W C/W O C O C 12 150 25 3800 30 45 60 V mA CFM RPM dB kHrs kHrs −40 O NOTES: 1. Unless otherwise noted: TC=25OC, compensation Cc=470pF, DC input specifications are ± value given, power supply voltage is typical rating. 2. Derate internal power dissipation to achieve high MTBF. 3. Doubles for every 10OC of case temperature increase. 4. Rating applies if the output current alternates between both output transistors at a rate faster than 60Hz. 5. Limited by fan characteristics. During operation, even though the heat sink may be at 85OC or more the fan will be at a lower temperature. 6. L10 refers to the time it takes for 10% of a population of fans to fail. Lower ambient temperature increase fan life. 7. +Vs, +Vcc must be connected together. –Vs, –Vcc must be connected together. Power Amp Design PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER SUPPLY VOLTAGE, +Vs to −Vs7 OUTPUT CURRENT, peak POWER DISSIPATION, internal, DC TEMPERATURE, junction2 Power Amp Design 3381 W Vision Dr Tucson AZ 85742 USA Phone (520)579-3441 Fax (208)279-5458 Web Site: http://www.PowerAmpDesign.net 3 European Stocking Distributor Phone: +41 44 730 33 53 / Email: sales@condatas.com / www.condatas.com Rietbachstrasse 7, 8952 Schlieren (ZH) Switzerland RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER COMMON MODE RANGE OUTPUT SWING With no load the output voltage of the PAD116 can swing to either supply voltage rail. As the load current increases the maximum output swing is reduced, but at 10A output the swing from the supply rails is less than 1V. This does not include any voltage drop due to the sensing voltage required for the current limit circuit to operate. CURRENT LIMIT The current limiting function of the PAD116 is a versatile circuit that can be used to implement a four-wire current limit configuration or, in combination with some external components can be configured to implement a fold-over current limit circuit. The four-wire current limit configuration insures that parasitic resistance in the output line, Rp, does not affect the programmed current limit setting. See Figure 1. The sense voltage for current limit is 0.65V. Thus: 0.65V IL = RS Where IL is the value of the limited current and RS is the value of the current limit sense resistor. In addition, the sense voltage has a temperature coefficient approximately equal to –2.2mV/oC. The fold-over function reduces the available current as the voltage across the output transistors increases to help insure that the SOA of the output transistors is not exceeded. Refer to Application Circuits for details on how to connect the current limit circuitry to implement either a four-wire current limit or current limit with a fold-over function. In some applications better current limiting protection and a lower sense voltage may be desired. In this case the PAD116 can be operated with the PAD121 current limit accessory module. See Figure 3 in the applications section and the PAD121 data sheet for more details. COOLING FAN The PAD116 relies on its fan for proper cooling of the amplifier. Make sure that air flow to the fan and away from the heat sink remains unobstructed. The cooling method used is impingement cooling, which means that cool air is pushed into the heat sink and warm air is exhausted through the spaces between the heat sink fins. MOUNTING THE AMPLIFIER The amplifier is supplied with four 4-40 M/F hex spacers at the four corners of the amplifier. Since the male threaded ends of the spacers extend beyond the amplifier pins the spacers provide a convenient alignment tool to guide the insertion of the amplifier pins into the circuit board. Once the amplifier is seated secure the module with the provided 4-40 nuts and torque to 4.7 in oz [3.8 N cm] max. See “Dimensional Information” for a detailed drawing. It is recommended that the heat sink be grounded to the system ground. This can easily be done by providing a grounded circuit board pad around any of the holes for the mounting studs. TEMPERATURE REPORTING An analog output voltage is provided (pin 6, TMP) relative to ground and proportional to the temperature in degrees C. The slope is approximately -10.82mV/oC. The output voltage follows the equation: T = (2.127 ─ V) (92.42) Where V is the TMP output voltage and T is the substrate temperature in degrees C. This high impedance output circuit is susceptible to capacitive loading and pickup from the output of the amplifier. When monitoring TMP filter the voltage as shown in Figure 4. See Applications Circuits. THERMAL SHUTDOWN The temperature monitoring circuit automatically turns off the output transistors when the substrate temperature reaches 110oC. When the substrate cools down 10oC the output is enabled once again. The thermal shutdown feature is activated either by amplifier overloads or a failure of the fan circuit. EXTERNAL SHUTDOWN When pin 8 ( SD ) is taken low (ground) the output stage is turned “off” and remains “off” as long as pin 8 is low. When pin 8 is monitored with a high impedance circuit it also functions as a flag, reporting when the amplifier is shut down. A “high” (+5V) on pin 8 indicates the temperature is in the normal range. A “low” (ground) indicates a shutdown condition. See Application Circuits for details on how to implement an external shutdown circuit and how to monitor the shutdown status. PHASE COMPENSATION The PAD116 must be phase compensated to operate correctly. The compensation capacitor, CC, is connected between pins 4 and 5. On page 6, Typical Performance Graphs, you will find plots for small signal response and phase response using compensation values of 100pF and 470pF. The compensation capacitor must be an NPO type capacitor rated for the full supply voltage (100V). On page 2, under Amplifier Pinout and Connections, a table gives recommended compensation capacitance values for various gains and the resulting slew rate for each capacitor value. Power Amp Design PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER The PAD116 is a rail to rail operational amplifier. This means that it works equally well with the input pins biased to either supply rail or at any voltage in between. The most common application utilizing this function is the single supply voltage amplifier where the +IN pin and the –Vs supply pin are grounded. PAD116 OPERATING CONSIDERATIONS Power Amp Design 3381 W Vision Dr Tucson AZ 85742 USA Phone (520)579-3441 Fax (208)279-5458 Web Site: http://www.PowerAmpDesign.net 4 European Stocking Distributor Phone: +41 44 730 33 53 / Email: sales@condatas.com / www.condatas.com Rietbachstrasse 7, 8952 Schlieren (ZH) Switzerland PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER POWER DERATING NORMALIZED QUIESCENT CURRENT, IQ (%) 80 60 40 20 0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 AMBIENT AIR TEMPERATURE, TA(OC) NORMALIZED QUIESCENT CURRENT, IQ(%) OFFSET VOLTAGE,Vos (mV) 1.8 1.5 1.2 0.9 0.6 0.3 0 -0.3 -0.6 -0.9 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 CASE TEMP, OC 80 100 OUTPUT SWING FROM +Vs OR -Vs, V 98 96 94 105 102.5 120 100 97.5 -40 O T 0.8 75 =1 J C , T PU UT UT +O TP , C -OU O C, 175 = 5 TJ 2 T J= O 0.4 -20 0 20 40 60 80 CASE TEMPERATURE, OC 100 120 HARMONIC DISTORTION 2 T PU 100 107.5 DISTORTION, % 1.2 20 40 60 80 TOTAL SUPPLY VOLTAGE, (V) QUIESCENT CURRENT VS TEMPERATURE 1 UT -O 0 110 1.6 0 100 112.5 OUTPUT SWING FROM SUPPLY RAILS 2 QUIESCENT CURRENT VS SUPPLY VOLTAGE 102 100 OFFSET VOLTAGE DRIFT 2.1 104 Av = -10 Cc = 100pF 4Ω LOAD ±Vs = ±40V 1W W 10 0W 10 0.1 TPUT O C, +OU T J=25 0 5 10 OUTPUT AMPS, A 15 0.02 30 100 1k 1000 FREQUENCY, F(Hz) 10k 10000 30k Power Amp Design PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER INTERNAL POWER DISSIPATION, PD (W) 100 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE GRAPHS Power Amp Design 3381 W Vision Dr Tucson AZ 85742 USA Phone (520)579-3441 Fax (208)279-5458 Web Site: http://www.PowerAmpDesign.net 5 European Stocking Distributor Phone: +41 44 730 33 53 / Email: sales@condatas.com / www.condatas.com Rietbachstrasse 7, 8952 Schlieren (ZH) Switzerland RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER SMALL SIGNAL RESPONSE -80 PHASE, Θ(O) -120 60 40 -160 20 -180 100 90 80 70 60 10 POWER RESPONSE 2.6 100k 100000 FREQUENCY, F(Hz) 2M 1M 1000000 TEMPERATURE OUTPUT 2.4 50 pF 220 C C= pF 100 C C= 40 30 -200 20k 1k 10000 10k 1000001000000 100k 1M 2M 100 1000 FREQUENCY, F(Hz) TEMP OUTPUT, VOLTS (V) 1 pF 470 C C= OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING, V(p-p) 0 -140 20 2.2 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 10 1000 1k 100k 10000 100000 10k FREQUENCY, F(Hz) 300k 1kHz sine clipped by standard current limit into 4Ω load 0.8 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURE, OC 20kHz into 4Ω load, G=-10, Cc=100pF 120 Power Amp Design PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER 80 F 0p -100 SMALL SIGNAL PHASE RESPONSE 10 c= C 100 F 0p 10 c= C OPEN LOOP GAIN, A(dB) 120 PAD116 PERFORMANCE GRAPHS CONTINUED Power Amp Design 3381 W Vision Dr Tucson AZ 85742 USA Phone (520)579-3441 Fax (208)279-5458 Web Site: http://www.PowerAmpDesign.net 6 European Stocking Distributor Phone: +41 44 730 33 53 / Email: sales@condatas.com / www.condatas.com Rietbachstrasse 7, 8952 Schlieren (ZH) Switzerland RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER PAD116 PERFORMANCE GRAPHS CONTINUED The oscilloscope display at the left shows an expanded view of a 1kHz 1.2A p-p amplifier output signal being interrupted near the negative peak by a shutdown signal on Ch2. The Ch1 display shows the output current going to zero about 2µS after the shutdown signal goes low. The ringing in the output signal is due to inductance in the output line. SHUTDOWN RESPONSE, POSITIVE OUTPUT TO ZERO TRANSITION The oscilloscope display at the right shows an expanded view of a 1kHz 1.2A p-p amplifier output signal being interrupted near the positive peak by a shutdown signal on Ch2. The Ch1 display shows the output current going to zero about 0.5µS after the shutdown signal goes low. The ringing in the output signal is due to inductance in the output line. Pulse Response, Positive to Negative, 4Ω Load G=-10, Cc=100pF Pulse Response, Negative to Positive , 4Ω Load G=-10, Cc=100pF Power Amp Design PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER SHUTDOWN RESPONSE, NEGATIVE OUTPUT TO ZERO TRANSITION Power Amp Design 3381 W Vision Dr Tucson AZ 85742 USA Phone (520)579-3441 Fax (208)279-5458 Web Site: http://www.PowerAmpDesign.net 7 European Stocking Distributor Phone: +41 44 730 33 53 / Email: sales@condatas.com / www.condatas.com Rietbachstrasse 7, 8952 Schlieren (ZH) Switzerland PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER SAFE OPERATING AREA S 1m S ,3 O 0 C A M B T ]] 1 ] 10S 50S 10 0m S ] N IE 1S PULSE 3% DUTY CYCLE 3 10 100 SUPPLY TO OUTPUT DIFFERENTIAL,Vs-Vo (V) SAFE OPERATING AREA The safe operating area (SOA) of a power amplifier is its single most important specification. The SOA graph presented above serves as a first approximation to help you decide if the PAD116 will meet the demands of your application. But a more accurate determination can be reached by making use of the PAD Power™ spreadsheet which can be found in the Power Amp Design website under the Power Tools tab. While the graph above adequately shows DC SOA and some pulse information it does not take into account ambient temperatures higher than 30OC, AC sine, phase or non-symmetric conditions that often appear in real-world applications. The PAD Power™ spreadsheet takes all of these effects into account. Power Amp Design PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER 10 m S 0μ 10 10 C D OUTPUT CURRENT, Io (A) 20 SAFE OPERATING AREA Power Amp Design 3381 W Vision Dr Tucson AZ 85742 USA Phone (520)579-3441 Fax (208)279-5458 Web Site: http://www.PowerAmpDesign.net 8 European Stocking Distributor Phone: +41 44 730 33 53 / Email: sales@condatas.com / www.condatas.com Rietbachstrasse 7, 8952 Schlieren (ZH) Switzerland RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER PAD116 DIMENSIONAL INFORMATION Power Amp Design PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER Power Amp Design PADXXX Power Amp Design 3381 W Vision Dr Tucson AZ 85742 USA Phone (520)579-3441 Fax (208)279-5458 Web Site: http://www.PowerAmpDesign.net 9 European Stocking Distributor Phone: +41 44 730 33 53 / Email: sales@condatas.com / www.condatas.com Rietbachstrasse 7, 8952 Schlieren (ZH) Switzerland PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER APPLICATION CIRCUITS IN RIN 21 IC 30 23 +IL 22 -IL 29 OUT RP 9-11 18-20 RS FIGURE 1. 4-WIRE CURRENT LIMIT SD 8 5V 5.1k 2N2907 5V 0 5.1k 2N2222 10k SHUTDOWN MONITOR H=SHUTDOWN TRANSISTOR CIRCUIT 5V 5V 0 SD 8 5V 5.1k SHUTDOWN MONITOR H=SHUTDOWN OPEN COLLECTOR OR OPEN DRAIN LOGIC GATES CIRCUIT FIGURE 2. EXTERNAL SHUTDOWN WITH MONITOR RL Power Amp Design PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER RF Power Amp Design 3381 W Vision Dr Tucson AZ 85742 USA Phone (520)579-3441 Fax (208)279-5458 Web Site: http://www.PowerAmpDesign.net 10 European Stocking Distributor Phone: +41 44 730 33 53 / Email: sales@condatas.com / www.condatas.com Rietbachstrasse 7, 8952 Schlieren (ZH) Switzerland PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER 9 10 11 12 13 14 OUT1 +Vs PAD116 VIEW FROM COMPONENT SIDE 6 7 8 9 GND -Vs NC +IL -IL 10 11 12 TO FEEDBACK & LOAD +5V OUT 5 -Vs 17 16 15 IC 4 RS +Vs 3 SD RESET OUT 2 1 STATUS -VB OUT2 -IN +IN -Vcc NC NC OUT NC +IL -IL IC 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 PAD121 VIEW FROM COMPONENT SIDE FIGURE 3 USING THE PAD116 WITH THE PAD121 10k 2200pF 6 7 8 TMP GND SD TMP MONITOR MONITOR 2200pF FIGURE 4 MONITORING TMP AND SD OUTPUTS Power Amp Design PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER 3 2 1 7 4 6 5 8 AC +VB +Vcc Cc2 Cc1 TMP GND SD SUB OUT APPLICATION CIRCUITS Power Amp Design 3381 W Vision Dr Tucson AZ 85742 USA Phone (520)579-3441 Fax (208)279-5458 Web Site: http://www.PowerAmpDesign.net 11 European Stocking Distributor Phone: +41 44 730 33 53 / Email: sales@condatas.com / www.condatas.com Rietbachstrasse 7, 8952 Schlieren (ZH) Switzerland RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER PAD116 APPLICATION CIRCUITS With the three current limit function pins (pins 21-23) dual slope current limiting can be implemented that more closely approximates the SOA curve of the amplifier than can be achieved with standard current limiting techniques. Values for resistors R1-R7 and RS can be calculated using the PAD Power™ spreadsheet that can be downloaded from the Power Amp Design web site under the Power Tools tab. Power Amp Design PAD116 RAIL TO RAIL OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER FIGURE 5 DUAL SLOPE (FOLD-OVER) CURRENT LIMIT Power Amp Design 3381 W Vision Dr Tucson AZ 85742 USA Phone (520)579-3441 Fax (208)279-5458 Web Site: http://www.PowerAmpDesign.net 12 European Stocking Distributor Phone: +41 44 730 33 53 / Email: sales@condatas.com / www.condatas.com Rietbachstrasse 7, 8952 Schlieren (ZH) Switzerland