IEC Motor Efficiency Classes
from IE1 to IE5
Martin Doppelbauer
Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.
Convenor IEC TC2 WG31
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Institute of Electrical Engineering (ETI)
Hybrid Electrical Vehicles (HEV)
IEC TC2 Working groups overview
IEC TC2 WG28
Performance as determined by tests
36 Members, Convenor Axel Möhle
IEC 60034-2-1, 1st ed 2007-09
IEC 60034-2-2, 1st ed 2010-03
IEC 60034-2-3, under preparation
IEC 60034-4, 3rd ed 2008-05
IEC 60034-19, 1st ed 1995-07
IEC 60034-28, 1st ed 2007-03
IEC 60034-29, 1st ed 2008-03
Determination of motor efficiencies
Losses of large machines
Losses of converter fed machines
Synchronous machine quantities
Specific tests for d.c. machines
Quantities of equivalent circuit diagrams
Indirect testing to determine temperature
IEC TC2 WG31
Efficiency Classes
32 Members, Convenor Martin Doppelbauer
IEC 60034-30, 1st ed 2008-10
IEC 60034-31, 1st ed 2010-04
Ranking of motor efficiencies
Energy-efficient motors - Application guide
Martin Doppelbauer
Current Status
Still applicable
IEC 60034-2-1, 1st ed 2007-09
IEC 60034-30, 1st ed 2008-10
Determination of motor efficiencies
Ranking of motor efficiencies
Under preparation
IEC 60034-2-1, 2nd ed
Determination of motor efficiencies
► CDV is expected for early 2013 (currently in french translation)
IEC 60034-2-3, 1st ed
Determination of extra harmonic losses
IEC 60034-25, 3rd ed 2014?
Performance of converter fed motors
IEC 60034-30-1
Classification of motor efficiencies (grid)
IEC 60034-30-2
► NWIP is expected for summer 2013
Classification of motor efficiencies (variable f)
► DTS is expected for early 2013 (currently in french translation)
► 2/1689/CD (2nd CD – closing date 2013-03-01)
► 2/1679/CDV (closing date 2013-01-04)
IEC 52800-x, 1st ed
► Prepared by TC22x
systems
Efficiency of frequency converters, power
drive systems and complete drive
► currently CDV on CENELEC level (CLC 52800-x: Energy efficiency and Eco-design requirements for
Power drive systems, motor starters, Power electronics and their driven applications)
Martin Doppelbauer
New motors covered in IEC 60034-30-x
IEC 60034-30
1st ed 2008-10
Three-phase
AC-induction
IEC 60034-30-1
Grid fed
(fixed speed)
Three-phase AC-induction
Wound-rotor AC-induction
Single-phase AC-induction
Sinusoidal-field reluctance
Line-start permanent-magnet
...
IEC 60034-30-2
Converter fed
(variable speed)
Permanent-magnet synchronous
Wound-rotor synchronous
...
Martin Doppelbauer
New motors covered in IEC 60034-30-1
Motor technology and their energy-efficiency potential
IEC 60034-30-1
Martin Doppelbauer
Enhancement of output power range
50 Hz
60 Hz
0,12
0,18
0,20
0,25
0,37
0,40
0,55
0,12
0,18
0,25
0,37
0,55
0,75
1,1
1,5
2,2
3
4
5,5
7,5
11
15
18,5
22
30
37
45
55
75
90
110
132
160
200
250
315
355
400
450
...1000
0,75
1,1
1,5
2,2
3,7
5,5
7,5
11
15
18,5
22
30
37
45
55
75
90
110
150
...
1000
Curves from 1st edition have been extrapolated downwards
No change of the well established values
Fixed values from 1st edition remain constant,
but are being prolonged up to 500 kW
Martin Doppelbauer
New normative IE4 class
4-pole
•
•
•
IE4 now defined according to output power
50 Hz IE4 values are losely oriented on the
informative annex of IEC 60034-31
60 Hz IE4 values are a stepped curve
defined by NEMA
Martin Doppelbauer
Further changes
• 8-pole motors have been added;
• High voltage motors still not covered;
• Definition of type of operation improved to close loop holes: „... capable of
continuous operation at their rated power with a temperature rise within the specified
insulation temperature class“;
• Definition of ambient temperature improved to close loop holes: „... marked
with any ambient temperature within the range of– 20 °C up to + 60 °C“;
• Definition of rated altitude improved to close loop holes: „marked with an
altitude up to 4 000 m above sea level.“
• Definition of brake motors improved to close loop holes: „... excluded are brake
motors, when the brake is an integral part of the inner motor construction and
can neither be removed nor supplied by a separate power source during testing
of the motor efficiency“
(Note: Brake coil losses are disregarded in efficiency determination)
Martin Doppelbauer
Motors excluded from IEC 60034-30-x
IEC 60034-30
Variable Speed
Non-Sinusoidal Voltage
Very high speed
Very low speed
Sliding rotor motors
...
DC-motors
Switched reluctance motors
EC-motors (brushless-DC)
...
Have to be tested
as complete drive
system
Motors with completely
integrated brake
Can not be rated
into the
IE1, IE2, IE3, IE4
classification scheme
Brake motors are only
excluded when the
brake can not be
dismantled or
separately fed.
Martin Doppelbauer
Motors excluded from IEC 60034-30-x
IEC 60034-30
Extended temperature
< -20 °C and > +60°C
Motors completely
integrated into a machine
Motors with integrated
frequency converters
Piggy back converter
On-coil electronics
...
Smoke extraction motors above
400°C
Cold storage warehouse motors
Oven supply motors
...
Motor can not be
tested independently
of the load
Testing and classification
as complete
power drive system
Martin Doppelbauer
Next level of technology: IE5
© ThinGap
IE 5 ?
“The levels of the IE5 efficiency class are envisaged to be incorporated into the next edition
of this standard. It is the goal to reduce the losses of IE5 by some 20% relative to IE4. Motor
technologies for IE5 are currently not well developed and not commercially available.
Further energy-efficiency optimizations will have to focus on improved system efficiency
throughout the entire operating load cycle including all system-losses (converter, filter, cables,
motor etc.) – see EN 52800.”
Martin Doppelbauer
IEC 60034-2-3: Some results of extra harmonic losses
In this example, extra harmonic losses are small (max 4% of losses on
sinusoidal power supply) and independent of load
Martin Doppelbauer
IEC 60034-2-3: Some results of extra harmonic losses
In this example, extra harmonic losses are bigger (max 14% of losses on
sinusoidal power supply) and dependent of load
Martin Doppelbauer
Martin Doppelbauer
Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing.
Convenor IEC TC2 WG31
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Institute of Electrical Engineering (ETI)
Hybrid Electrical Vehicles (HEV)