Tax Insights from India Tax & Regulatory Services Amendments to the Finance Bill, 2016 as passed by the Lok Sabha May 10, 2016 In brief On 5 May, 2016, the Lok Sabha (Lower House) passed the Finance Bill, 2016 (Bill). For becoming law, this Bill now has to get passed by the Rajya Sabha (Upper House) and thereafter obtain the Presidential assent. While passing the Bill, however, 47 different amendments in respect of Direct Tax provisions in the Bill as tabled originally were moved by the Finance Minister, Arun Jaitley, and all these amendments were passed. In this News Alert, we have explained in tabular format the major changes relating to Direct Taxes introduced just before the Lower House passed the Bill. In detail Clause No in Finance Bill Clause 3 Section Amendment Amendment as passed in as tabled in Lok Sabha by Lok Sabha Incomeon 29 Feb 2016 on 5 May, 2016 tax Act, 1961 Section 2 While the proposed amendment was mentioned in the Budget Speech of the Finance Minister however no corresponding change was brought in the Finance Bill Third proviso to section 2(42A) inserted. In case of unlisted shares, period of holding for transfer to be considered as a short-term capital asset reduced from 36 months to 24 months. Comments Originally, the period of holding of shares in a company for determination of the nature of capital gains vis-à-vis long-term or short-term was 12 months. However this period was extended to 36 months in the case of unlisted companies by Finance Act (no. 2) of 2014, which was considered by many as a retrograde step. The current reduction in period of holding for unlisted companies from 36 months to 24 months partly addresses this perception and will help corporates in business restructuring. www.pwc.in Tax Insights Clause No Section in Amendment as tabled in in Income-tax Lok Sabha on 29 Feb 2016 Finance Act, 1961 Bill Clause 7 Clause 16 Section 10 clauses (12) and (13) w.e.f. 1 April 2017 Section 10 clause (12) amended Proposed amendment of to provide that nothing in this clauses (12) and (13) of section clause would apply to any 10 rolled back. accumulated balance attributable to contributions made on or after the 1st April, 2016 by employee other than excluded employee, exceeding 40% of such accumulated balance due and payable in accordance with rule 8 of Part A of the Fourth Schedule. Section 10 clause (13) amended to provide that payments in commutation of annuity purchased out of contributions made on or after 1 April, 2016, exceeding 40% of the annuity, shall be chargeable to tax. New section Expenditure for obtaining right 35ABA w.e.f to use spectrum for 1 April 2017 telecommunication services any capital expenditure incurred and actually paid by a taxpayer on acquisition of any right to use spectrum for telecommunication services shall be allowed as a deduction in equal instalments over period starting from year in which such payment has been made to year in which useful life of spectrum ends. Sub-sections (2) to (8) of section 35ABB to apply as if for the word “licence”, the word “spectrum” had been substituted Explanation to define certain expressions used for the purposes of the said section. This amendment will take effect from 1 April, 2017 and will apply in relation to assessment years (AYs) 2017-2018 and onwards. Clause 19 PwC Section 35CCC from AY 2017-18 to AY 202021 Amendment as passed by Lok Sabha on 5 May, 2016 Where taxpayer incurs any expenditure on an agricultural extension project notified by CBDT in accordance with guidelines prescribed, then Sub-section (3) now introduced to provide that if, in a previous year, deduction under section 35ABA(1) has been granted and after that, any provision of the section has not been complied with, the deduction would be deemed to have been wrongly allowed. The Tax Officer (TO) is given the power to recompute the total income and make the necessary rectification. Limitation under section 154(7) would be 4 years counted from the date of noncompliance with provisions of this section. Words, “or payable in such manner as may be prescribed” added at end of Explanation (iii) to new section 35ABA. This qualifies the phrase, “payment has actually been made”, which means that even if the payment has been made in a manner prescribed, the payment would be treated as actually been made only when there was actual payment of expenditure. Proposed reduction of the deduction from 150% to 100% has been deferred. Thus, the deduction available would continue to be a weighted deduction @150% of qualifying Comments It was proposed to tax withdrawal from the accumulated balance (in excess of 40%) in the provident fund account, which is attributable to employee’s contribution made on or after 1 April, 2016. After a lot of public pressure the Finance Minister has rolled back the amendment, which will act as a major relief for salaried taxpayers. The proposed amendment seeks to grant power to the TO to rectify the total income of the taxpayer where any of the conditions specified therein are not complied with. Such rectification can be done within 4 years from the end of the previous year in which the failure to comply with the condition happens. The proposed sunset clause has been extended to AY 2020-21 as against the initial proposal of ending it by AY 2017-18. Page 2 Tax Insights Clause No Section in Amendment as tabled in Amendment as passed by Comments in Income-tax Lok Sabha on 29 Feb 2016 Lok Sabha Finance Act, 1961 on 5 May, 2016 Bill deduction of 150% of such expenditure until AY 2020-21; expenditure would be allowed. thereafter the same shall reduce to 100% It was proposed to reduce the deduction to 100%. This amendment was to take effect from 1 April, 2018 and apply from the AY 2018-2019 and onwards. New Clause Section 49 New sub-section (5) inserted in The FB 2016 introduced the 29A w.e.f. 1 April, section 49 w.e.f. 1 April, 2017 to Income Declaration Scheme, 2017 provide that if a capital gain 2016, where taxpayers can arises from transfer of an asset declare their undisclosed declared under the Income income by paying tax @45% Declaration Scheme 2016, and of the FMV of gross tax, surcharge and penalty have undisclosed income/ assets. been paid in accordance with The amendment introduced the Scheme on the Fair Market clarifies that cost of the asset Value (FMV) of the asset on the considered for future capital date of commencement of the gain computation would be Scheme, then such FMV would the FMV used for declaration be deemed to be cost of of income under the Income acquisition of the asset. Declaration Scheme. Clause 41 Clause 43 PwC New Section Amended to provide deduction 80-IAC w.e.f of 100% of profits and gains 1 April 2017 derived by an eligible start-up from business involving innovation, development, deployment or commercialisation of new products, processes or services driven by technology or IP, for three consecutive AYs out of five, at option of taxpayer, if incorporated before 1 April, 2019. New Section Deductions in respect of profits 80-IBA w.e.f and gains from housing project: 1 April 2017 100% deduction of profits and gains of taxpayer developing and building housing projects, if project approved by competent authority on or before 31 March 2019, subject to conditions. Taxpayer has to complete the project within 3 years, failing which deduction claimed in previous years shall be deemed to be the taxpayer’s income. Explanation (ii) of the proposed section amended to include limited liability partnerships (LLPs) in the definition of “eligible startup”, and LLPs are defined to as partnerships referred to in section 2(1)(n) of the Limited Liability Partnership Act, 2008. This amendment is a very welcome step, as LLPs were gaining traction as the preferred legal structure for doing business. Exclusion of LLPs from the original amendment would have curtailed the benefit being available to start-ups. Words, ‘in accordance with such guidelines as may be prescribed” deleted from clause (a) of section 80-IBA(2). Mostly, the changes are improvements to the draft of the new section to head off possible controversies or block potential loopholes, Words, “on which the project” such as: have been substituted by the words, “on which the building no specific guidelines for plan of such housing project” housing project need be in Proviso (i) below clause (b) notified of section 80-IBA(2). distance from municipal Clause (d) of section 80-IBA(2) limits shall be measured re-drafted, and for the words, aerially “within the area of twenty-five kilometres from the municipal ‘built-up area’ of the residential unit shall be limits of these cities”, the relevant. words, “within the distance, measured aerially, of twentyfive kilometres from the Page 3 Tax Insights Clause No Section in Amendment as tabled in in Income-tax Lok Sabha on 29 Feb 2016 Finance Act, 1961 Bill Amendment as passed by Lok Sabha on 5 May, 2016 Comments municipal limits of these cities” substituted. Similar change also made in section 80-IBA(2) Clause (g)(i). Clause (da) has been introduced in section 80IBA(2) to provide an additional condition that the project should be the only project on the plot of land specified in clause (d). Clause (e) has been re-drafted to clarify that the built-up area of the residential units should not exceed 30 sq mts for a project in the four metro cities or “within the distance, measured aerially, of twentyfive kilometres from the municipal limits of these cities” In section 80-IBA(2)(g)(i), for the words, “area other than the areas”, the words, “place other than the place” have been substituted. In section 80-IBA(3), the words, “undertaking which” have been substituted by “taxpayer who”. In section 80-IBA(5), the words, “under any scheme for the housing” have been omitted. In section 80-IBA(6)(b), the words, “by the Central Government” have been substituted by the words, “to approve the building plan by, or under any law for the time being in force”. Clause 46 PwC In section 80-IBA(6)(d), the word, “dwelling” has been substituted by the “word, “residential” and the word, “specify” substituted by the word, “approve”. Section Proposed to amend sub-section Reference to “clause (viii)” has 92CA: (3A) to provide that in certain been changed to “clause (x)” in Reference to circumstances as in clauses (ii) the proviso to new sub-section Transfer or (viii) of Explanation (1) to (3A) of section 92CA. Pricing section 153, if period of limitation available to transfer The proposed change is correction of a referencing error with regard to extension of time limit of reference to the TPO, wherein exchange of Page 4 Tax Insights Clause No Section in Amendment as tabled in Amendment as passed by in Income-tax Lok Sabha on 29 Feb 2016 Lok Sabha Finance Act, 1961 on 5 May, 2016 Bill Officer: w.e.f. pricing officer (TPO) for making 1 June 2016 order is less than 60 days, such remaining period shall be extended to 60 days. New Clause Section 111A: With effect from 1 April, 2017, 47A In section 111A(1), a second proviso has been inserted to exempt transactions on any recognised stock exchange located in any IFSC in foreign currency. Clause 49 Clause 50 PwC New section 115BA : tax on income of certain domestic companies w.e.f. 1 April 2017 Sub-section (1) provides that the income-tax payable in respect of the total income of a domestic company, for any previous year relevant to the AY beginning on or after the 1st day of April, 2017 shall, at the option of such person, be computed at 25%, if the conditions contained in subsection (2) are satisfied. Subsection (2) provides that the conditions referred to in subsection (1) are the following, viz:– (a) the company has been set up and registered on or after the 1st day of March, 2016; (b) the company is engaged in the business of manufacturing or production of any article or thing; and … Sub-section (4) provides that the option shall be exercised in the prescribed manner on or before the due date specified under section 139(1). New section Current provisions of the Act 115BBDA provide that dividend income w.e.f 1 April will be exempt if dividend 2017 Comments information has been called for under sections 90/ 90A. While in the original Finance Bill tabled by the Finance Minister amendment to section 10(38) relating to long-term capital gains was proposed so as to cover financial instruments traded on the IFSC platform within Explanation below section the tax exemption domain without levy of STT, 111A(3) has been however, no corresponding substituted to define the benefit under section 111A terms, “equity oriented fund” (as per Explanation to relating to short-term capital gains was granted. section 10 clause (38)), “International Financial The same has now been Services Centre” (as per corrected by this section 2(q) of the SEZ Act, amendment. 2005) and “recognized stock exchange” (as per clause (ii) of Explanation 1 to section 43AA(5)). Section 115BA(2)(b) has been Firstly the proposed re-drafted thus: amendment clarifies that core incidental activities like Words, “the company is research on the goods engaged in the business of manufactured or their manufacturing or production distribution would be of any article or thing” replaced covered as part of eligible by “the company is not business activity to avail the engaged in any business other reduced tax rate of 25%. than the business of manufacturing or production Further the option to avail of any article or thing, research the 25% tax rate while giving in relation to, or distribution up other tax incentives has of, such article or thing been made an irrevocable manufactured by it;”. choice. Section 115BA(4) has been redrafted to provide that this section won’t apply unless the option is exercised on or before due date specified under section 139(1); and that once exercised, the option cannot be subsequently withdrawn. Opening portion of sub-section The initial proposed section (1) has been re-drafted. had certain interpretational issues as to whether the Instead of words, “income aggregate dividend received exceeding INR 1 million”, the by the individual needs to be Page 5 Tax Insights Clause No Section in Amendment as tabled in Amendment as passed by in Income-tax Lok Sabha on 29 Feb 2016 Lok Sabha Finance Act, 1961 on 5 May, 2016 Bill distribution tax is paid on such words, “income in aggregate income. exceeding INR 1 million” are inserted. New section 115BBDA to provide that any income by way Also, instead of “such of dividend declared, distributed dividends, at the rate of”, the or paid by a domestic company, words, “such dividends in in excess of INR 1 million shall aggregate exceeding INR 1 be chargeable to tax at 10% in million, at the rate of” are case of an individual, HUF or a inserted. firm resident in India. No deduction in respect of any expenditure or allowance or set off of loss would be allowed in computing the income by way of dividend, and a defining the term ‘dividends’. Clause 52 Clause 53 PwC New section 115BBF, with effect from 1 April 2017 New section 115BBF introduced to provide that where total income of eligible taxpayer includes income by way of royalty in respect of a patent developed and registered in India, the income-tax payable shall be tax calculated on the royalty income at 10%, and the tax which the taxpayer would have had to pay had his total income been reduced by the 10% tax on royalty income as above. Comments considered for the additional tax or it needs to be seen singularly from each company. Further there were doubts as to whether the additional tax applies on dividend income exceeding the INR 1 million limit or in its entirety. This amendment wards off such possible disputes and clarifies that the additional tax has to be seen with reference to the aggregate dividend in excess of INR 1 million received from multiple payers. Sub-clauses (3) and (4) have been added to proposed section 115BBF, which ushers in an optional 10% presumptive tax regime for royalty income for income from patents developed and registered in India. Many developed economies had a special tax regime to incentive R&D activities. The Bill introduced India’s very own ‘Patent Box’ regime wherein the royalties earned from the patents developed and registered in India were An eligible taxpayer can to be taxed on a gross basis exercise this option within time @10%. allowed for filing return under section 139(1). If the The amendment done by the presumptive tax option is not Finance Minister clarifies opted for 5 years, then the that for the purposes of the option cannot be exercised for condition of the patents Also, the taxpayer shall not be the next 5 years either. being “developed in India” eligible for deduction of any 75% of the expenditure Developed in India means that expenditure or allowance under should be incurred in India. at least 75% of expenditure any provisions of the Act in This will help bring certainty incurred for any invention with computing his income referred and also addresses the a granted patent is incurred in to section 115BBF(1)(a). practical difficulty expressed India. by many companies of An Explanation in section Condition that the unit set up ensuring all expenses being 115BBF is inserted to define incurred in India. in an IFSC now no longer certain expressions used needs to be set up on or after 1 therein. April 2016. One of the conditions to avail Section New section 115JB(7) provides The condition of being 115JB w.e.f. 1 that for a company, being a unit established on or after 1 April the reduced MAT rate of 9% for units set up in the IFSC April, 2017 in an IFSC established on or 2016 removed. was that they need to be after 1 April 2016 and deriving established on or after 1 its income solely in convertible April 2016. This condition foreign exchange, tax rate would has been relaxed and be 9%. therefore the reduced MAT rate of 9% grandfathers units already set up in the IFSC before 1 April 2016. Page 6 Tax Insights Clause No Section in Amendment as tabled in in Income-tax Lok Sabha on 29 Feb 2016 Finance Act, 1961 Bill Clause 60 Clause 66 New chapter including new sections 115TD, 115TE and 115TF: Tax on certain accreted income of certain trusts and institutions, w.e.f. 1 June 2016 Amendment as passed by Lok Sabha on 5 May, 2016 Notwithstanding anything Two additional provisos added contained in any other provision to section 115TD(2) of the Act, a trust or institution i. to exclude accreted income registered under section 12AA attributable to asset shall be liable to tax on accreted acquired out of agricultural income in case of certain income; and to asset eventualities, at maximum acquired between trust/ marginal rate, in addition to tax institution being established chargeable in respect of total and the date on which its income. Other provisions registration under section include providing for asset 12AA became effective. valuation, making exceptions to certain assets, forms of ii. If exemption given to trust conversion making trust for previous year before ineligible for registration, how registration under section additional tax is calculated, 12AA became effective, due when to pay tax, and provisions to operation of first proviso for interest for delayed payment to section 12A(2), and penalty for failure to pay the registration deemed to be additional tax. effective from earlier previous year. Section 143: Proviso inserted after section Assessment, 143(1D) changes w.e.f. 1 June, 2016 Comments In order to ensure that the intended purpose of exemption availed by a registered charitable trust is not misused, a new ‘exit tax’ has been introduced on accreted income of such trust which was claimed exempt from tax in earlier years. For the purpose of computation of accreted income, assets purchased out of agricultural income, being not chargeable to tax, or on account of assets purchased prior to availing any exemption shall be excluded. Further, the time limit for payment of taxes on accreted income has also been relaxed. Two more changes in date by which additional tax has to be paid in case of cancellation of registration of trust/ institution, merger or rejection of application. Section 143: New sub-section Originally all tax returns (1D), and proviso thereto, were required to be inserted. processed under section 143(1) within a time frame of Processing of return not 1 year from end of the necessary before expiry of 1 relevant AY. Thereafter vide year from end of FY in which Finance Act 2012 an return is made, where notice amendment was brought in has been issued under section whereby processing of tax 143(2), but has to be completed returns was not mandatory before issue of order under where the case of the tax section 143(3). payer has been selected for scrutiny assessment. Vide the current Finance Bill processing of tax returns even in cases of scrutiny selection was made mandatory before passing of the final assessment order. The Finance Bill as passed by the Lok Sabha now provides that the time limit of one year shall not be applicable for processing of tax returns, though it is mandatory to process the tax return before PwC Page 7 Tax Insights Clause No Section in Amendment as tabled in in Income-tax Lok Sabha on 29 Feb 2016 Finance Act, 1961 Bill Clause 81 Clause 86 Amendment as passed by Lok Sabha on 5 May, 2016 Comments passing the final assessment order under section 143(3). Section Proviso added - if payee is non- A proviso has been inserted 194LBB: so as to provide that where company non-resident or a TDS on income of the non-resident is foreign company, no TDS is income from required under section 194LBB not chargeable to tax, no tax units of on income on which no tax is shall be deducted in such investment cases (for instance in case of chargeable. fund, w.e.f.1 tax treaty benefit being April, 2016 availed). Section Proposed that seller to collect Instead of being included as The Finance Bill, 2016 206C: Tax the tax at 1% on sale of motor additional item in the Table brought the sale of motor Collection at vehicle of value exceeding INR 1 under section 206C(1), this vehicle (value exceeding INR Source million w.e.f. 1 June 2016. proposal now has its own sub- 1 million) within the ambit of section – (1F); with TCS, which is proposed to be consequential changes. collected by seller at the time of debiting the amount receivable or at the time of receipt, which is earlier. Now, the Finance Bill, 2016 as passed by the Lok Sabha provides that tax shall be collected on sale of motor vehicle only at the time of receipt of consideration. Clause 96 New section Bill seeks to insert section 270A 270A w.e.f.1 in the Income tax Act relating to April, 2017 penalty for under-reporting and misreporting of income. Rate of penalty proposed is 50% of tax in case of under-reporting of income, and 200% of tax in case of misreporting of income. What constitutes underreporting of income: The Finance Bill, 2016 proposed six instances where a person shall be deemed to have underreported his income. Further in the original Finance Bill 2016 there was an exclusion on account of purchase of motor vehicle for personal consumption, which has not been provided in the Bill as passed by the Lok Sabha. Following amendments have The Finance Bill 2016 been approved by Lok Sabha: introduced a new penalty scheme vide section 270A. One more instance of underThis basically bifurcated the reporting of income is added. cases liable for imposition of penalty into two parts, viz: Section 270 A(2), new clause (f) inserted : Person is deemed cases involving under reporting of income and to have under-reported his cases involving misincome if total income reassessed as per section 115JB reporting of income. or section 115JC (MAT or The Finance Bill as passed by AMT) is greater than deemed the Lok Sabha adds on total income assessed/ another situation for underreassessed under MAT or the reporting of income wherein AMT immediately before such penalty can be levied on reassessment. account of reassessed Section 270A(2), earlier clause income being under MAT (f) re-numbered as clause (g). provisions. Section 270A(6) : Principal Commissioner also added to PwC Further, the definition of ‘tax payable’ in respect of under- Page 8 Tax Insights Clause No Section in Amendment as tabled in in Income-tax Lok Sabha on 29 Feb 2016 Finance Act, 1961 Bill Amendment as passed by Lok Sabha on 5 May, 2016 Comments list of officers who can record reported income has also satisfaction re bona fide been amended to classify the explanation given by taxpayer. cases in the following three buckets: Section 270A(10): How to calculate tax payable in three Where tax return has not different scenarios. been furnished. In case of loss determined on the basis of processing of tax return or assessment / reassessment. Clause 97 New section 270AA: Immunity from s.270A penalty/ prosecution The taxpayer may apply to TO for grant of immunity from penalty under section 270A and prosecution under section 276C, provided he pays tax and interest payable as per assessment order within period specified in demand notice and does not appeal against the order. New Clause S 276C 106A Clause 112 Clause 192 Fourth Schedule Part A , w.e.f. 1 April, 2017 Immunity application can cover immunity from prosecution under section 276CC as well. Amends section 276C w.e.f. 1 April, 2017 to cover cases of under-reporting of income (new section 270A) as well. Rule 6 of Sch. IV inter alia provides that contributions made by employer to credit of employee participating in a recognised provident fund over 12% of employee’s salary or INR 150,000, whichever is less, is taxable in employee’s hands. Proposed amendment to tax the employer contribution to provident Fund in excess of INR 150,000 has been rolled back. References to section 119 and section 138 of the Income-tax Act included. In any other cases. Immunity from initiation of prosecution proceedings has been extended to cases covered by section 276CC which provides for prosecution in case of failure to furnish the income tax return. With the introduction of the new penalty scheme in relation to under reporting of income, referencing has been made in section 276C which provides for prosecution in case of evasion of taxes. It was proposed to tax the employer contribution in the provident fund, in excess of RINR 150,000 made on or after 1 April, 2016. The Finance Bill, 2016 as passed by the Lok Sabha withdraws such amendment and maintains the statusquo for the taxability of employer’s contribution to provident fund. The Finance Bill 2016 introduced the Income Declaration Scheme, 2016 where taxpayers can declare their undisclosed income by paying tax @45%. This Scheme also provides for applicability of machinery provisions of PwC Page 9 Tax Insights Clause No Section in Amendment as tabled in in Income-tax Lok Sabha on 29 Feb 2016 Finance Act, 1961 Bill Amendment as passed by Lok Sabha on 5 May, 2016 Comments Income-tax Act and Wealthtax Act to the Scheme. Now, the bill passed by Lok Sabha also made referencing to section 119 (Instruction to subordinate authorities) and section 138 (Disclosure if information respecting taxpayer) to the Scheme. Let’s talk For a deeper discussion of how this issue might affect your business, please contact: Tax & Regulatory Services – Direct Tax Gautam Mehra, Mumbai +91-22 6689 1154 gautam.mehra@in.pwc.com PwC Rahul Garg, Gurgaon +91-124 330 6515 rahul.garg@in.pwc.com Page 10 Tax Insights Our Offices Ahmedabad Bangalore Chennai 1701, 17th Floor, Shapath V, Opp. Karnavati Club, S G Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat 380051 +91-79 3091 7000 6th Floor Millenia Tower ‘D’ 1 & 2, Murphy Road, Ulsoor, Bangalore 560 008 Phone +91-80 4079 7000 8th Floor Prestige Palladium Bayan 129-140 Greams Road Chennai 600 006 +91 44 4228 5000 Hyderabad Kolkata Mumbai Plot no. 77/A, 8-2-624/A/1, 4th Floor, Road No. 10, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad – 500034, Andhra Pradesh Phone +91-40 44246000 56 & 57, Block DN. 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