PVC C900 High
Pressure Water Pipe
Waterworks
Products
Tough, Reliable
and Perfect for
Municipal Water Systems
www.pwpipe.com
Why more specifiers choose PWPipe C900 for
potable water systems.
PWPipe is the largest producer of
PVC pipe in western North America
and our products are available
from distributors throughout this
geographic region. Our water works
products are distributed primarily in
the states West of the Rockies.
potable water, well casing, sewer,
turf, agriculture, plumbing,
communications, and electrical
markets. Our manufacturing
facilities in Oregon, Washington,
California, Utah, and Nebraska
assure on-time delivery.
PWPipe products include PVC and
polyethylene pipe and tubing for a
variety of applications servicing the
PWPipe C900 high pressure water
pipe combines superior materials with
the latest manufacturing technology.
2
PWPipe products meet or exceed
industry standards because of our
rigorous quality-control program.
PWPipe supports the PVC pipe
industry’s efforts to maintain the
highest design and manufacturing
standards. We are members of the
Uni-Bell PVC Pipe Association and
American Water Works Association
(AWWA).
Corrosion Resistance
C900 is immune to nearly all types
of internal and external corrosion.
Since PVC is a non-conductor, it is
not affected by electrolysis. Nor is it
susceptible to alkaline or acid soil
conditions. A correctly installed
PWPipe system will provide long-term
service at reduced operating costs.
Water Quality
Extractant water purity tests
performed by independent test
laboratories ensure that our pipe
meets the requirements for water
purity as specified by ANSI/NSF
Standard 61.
Superior Flow
Characteristics
An extremely smooth inner surface
gives C900 a Hazen-Williams flow
coefficient of C=150. This means less
burden on pumps and reduced
pumping costs, because there’s less
friction between moving water and
pipe walls.
1. Clean all debris
from the bell end of the
pipe. Check the gasket
position. Be sure it’s
completely seated in
the groove, with no
raised areas.
Exceptional Strength and
Durability
Every piece of C900 is hydrostatically
proof tested at four times its pressure
class.
A 2.5-to-1 safety factor is applied
to the long-term pressure capacity of
the pipe. The resulting value is further
reduced by a surge pressure value,
which also incorporates a 2.5-to-1
safety factor. Burst test pressure
capability of C900 Class 150 is at
least 755 psi, with sustained pressure
test capability of 500 psi.
Throughout the country, in all
conditions and climates, C900 has
served admirably in municipal water
mains, fire lines, and sewage force
mains.
Joint Integrity
PWPipe’s integral bell gasketed
joint meets the same strength
requirements of the C900 pipe, as
well as the demanding test criteria of
ASTM D 3139. The ability of PVC to
bend without breaking allows the joint
and pipe assembly to compensate for
minor earth movement, which
can cause problems in more rigid,
non-PVC assemblies.
Certification
C900 is periodically tested to maintain
listings from Factory Mutual System*
(FM) and Underwriters Laboratories
(UL). C900 also conforms to
applicable requirements of the
Uniform Plumbing Code™.
*Factory Mutual is not applicable to
Class 100, DR 25 products.
Basic Assembly Instructions
2. Lubricate the spigot
end, using only the
PWPipe recommended
lubricant supplied with
the pipe.
3. Place the pipes in
straight alignment.
Assemble to the
insertion line on the
spigot—but no
farther.
1.
2.
3.
See the PWPipe
installation guide for
more detailed
instructions.
3
Factors Affecting Design
Hydraulics
Pressure Class
C900’s pipe wall is extremely
smooth and energy-efficient. It has a
Hazen-Williams coefficient of C=150.
PWPipe offers a choice of three
pressure classes (100, 150, and 200)
which can be used where operating
pressures do not exceed the pressure
class plus surge allowances. When
you have questions or encounter
unusual circumstances, call a PWPipe
representative.
Temperature
PWPipe C900 gasket system**
For operation at temperatures 80˚F or
higher, multiply the pressure class by
these derating factors:
Temperature
Derating Factor
80˚
0.88
90˚
0.75
100˚
0.62
110˚
0.50
120˚
0.40
140˚
0.22
Class 100 DR 25
Nominal
Pipe Size
(inches)
Average
Outside Diameter
(inches)
Approximate*
Inside Diameter
(inches)
Minimum
Wall Thickness
(inches)
Approximate
Weight
(lbs/100 ft)
Approximate
Crate Weight
(lbs)
4
4.80
4.39
0.192
190
1800
6
6.90
6.31
0.276
390
1400
8
9.05
8.28
0.362
670
2010
10
11.10
10.15
0.444
1020
1630
12
13.20
12.08
0.528
1440
1720/2300
Average
Outside Diameter
(inches)
Approximate*
Inside Diameter
(inches)
Minimum
Wall Thickness
(inches)
Approximate
Weight
(lbs/100 ft)
Approximate
Crate Weight
(lbs)
Class 150 DR 18
Nominal
Pipe Size
(inches)
4
4.80
4.23
0.267
260
2470
6
6.90
6.08
0.383
530
1920
8
9.05
7.98
0.503
920
2760
10
11.10
9.78
0.617
1390
2230
12
13.20
11.64
0.733
1970
2360/3150
Average
Outside Diameter
(inches)
Approximate*
Inside Diameter
(inches)
Minimum
Wall Thickness
(inches)
Approximate
Weight
(lbs/100 ft)
Approximate
Crate Weight
(lbs)
Class 200 DR 14
Nominal
Pipe Size
(inches)
4
4.80
4.07
0.343
330
3120
6
6.90
5.85
0.493
680
2430
8
9.05
7.67
0.646
1160
3490
10
11.10
9.41
0.793
1770
2830
12
13.20
11.19
0.943
2500
3000/4000
*These figures allow for manufacturing tolerances. **Gasket shown is for reference purposes only.
4
Product Description
Standard Specifications
Material
PVC compound meets
ASTM D 1784, cell class 12454.
Pipe
Meets AWWA C900. Class 100
meets requirements of DR 25.
Class 150 meets requirements of
DR 18. Class 200 meets
requirements of DR 14.
Elastromeric Seal
Integral bell pipe provided with
factory-installed gaskets meeting
requirements of ASTM F 477.
Gasketed Joint Assembly
Meets requirements of ASTM D 3139.
Installation
AWWA C605 and PWPipe’s
Installation Guide for PVC Water Pipe.
Product
C900 is suitable for use as a pressure
conduit. Expansion and contraction
are accommodated by a properly
assembled gasketed joint. Each bell
section meets the same pressure
capacity requirements as the pipe.
Standard laying lengths are 20 feet
(plus or minus 1 inch).
Quality Assurance
Hydrostatic Proof Testing
Each standard and random length
of C900 is tested to four times the
pressure class of the pipe, for a
minimum of five seconds. The integral
bell is tested with the pipe.
Falling Weight Impact Test
At 73˚F, C900 withstands an impact
energy of 150 ft-lbs, when tested in
accordance with ASTM D 2444.
JOINT INTEGRITY
Quick Burst Test
Randomly selected C900 samples
are tested in accordance with
ASTM D 1599 to withstand pressures
listed below. Class 100 has a
minimum burst pressure of 535 psi;
Class 150, a minimum burst pressure
of 755 psi; Class 200, a minimum
burst pressure of 985 psi.
Pipe Stiffness
C900 meets these minimum stiffness
requirements:
Pressure Class
DR
Pipe Stiffness
(psi)
100
25
129
150
18
364
200
14
814
HYDROSTATIC PROOF TEST
5
Installation
Pipe Embedment
All PVC pipe should be installed
with bedding that provides uniform
longitudinal support under the pipe.
Use embedment material that is free
of large stones, frozen matter, or
other debris. Use proper compaction
procedures to provide soil densities
as specified by the design engineer.
Table 1. Thrust Developed per 100 psi Pressure
AWWA C900 PVC Pressure Pipe (C.I.O.D.)
Nominal Pipe Size
(inches)
Service Connections
Direct Tapping: Direct taps may be
made in C900 Class 150 and Class
200 in nominal sizes 6 inch through
12 inch. Corporation stops should be
in sizes 5⁄8, 3⁄4, or 1 inch. When sizes
larger than 1 inch are required,
tapping saddles or sleeves should
be used.
Saddle Tapping: Saddle taps
may be made in any size or class
of C900 pipe. Maximum outlet size
recommended for saddle taps is 2
inches. For sizes larger than 2 inches,
a tapping sleeve should be used.
Tapping Sleeves: Tapping sleeves
may be used on all sizes and classes
of C900. Sleeves are available up to
size-on-size.
Caution: Saddles and sleeves
should not:
Fitting 90˚ Elbow
(lbs force)
Fitting 45˚ Elbow
(lbs force)
Valves, Tees, Dead Ends
(lbs force)
4
2,160
1,180
1,530
6
4,460
2,420
3,160
8
7,700
4,160
5,440
10
11,600
6,260
8,190
12
16,400
8,880
11,600
Table 2. Estimated Soil Bearing Capacity
Allowable Bearing Pressure
(psf)
Soil Type
Muck, Peat, Etc.
0
Soft Clay
500
Sand
1,000
Sand and Gravel
1,500
Sand and Gravel With Clay
2,000
Sand and Gravel Cemented With Clay
4,000
Hard Pan
5,000
Note: Values are estimated for horizontal thrusts at depths of burial which exceed 2 feet.
Note: These values should be used only for estimating purposes. Values for design should be
determined by an engineer familiar with site soil conditions.
• Distort the pipe when tightened
• Have lugs that dig into the pipe
when the bolts are tightened
• Have a clamping arrangement
not fully contoured to the outside
diameter of the pipe
For more information on tapping,
see Uni-Bell’s tapping video and
publications Uni-B-8 and Uni-Pub-8.
Longitudinal
Bending
6
Nominal
Pipe Size
(inches)
Minimum
Bending Radius
(feet)
Axial deflection at the pipe joints is not
recommended, However, it is possible
to curve C900 to allow for slight
changes in direction.
4
100
6
145
8
190
Bending to these minimum radii
will not jeopardize C900’s design
capability. See PWPipe’s Technical
Bulletin “Longitudinal Bending of PVC
Pipe” for more details.
10
235
12
275
Thrust Restraint
Adequate thrust restraint is
necessary for all gasketed joint
systems. The “push on” features of
our joints provide many installation
advantages, but without adequate
thrust restraint they can become
“push off” problems. The large thrust
forces present in water-distribution
systems (see Table 1) require thrust
restraints designed to handle test and
peak operating pressures.
Concrete Thrust Blocks
If concrete thrust blocks are used,
the size and type of thrust blocking
must be based on the load-bearing
capacity of the soil, pressure in the
pipe, and diameter of the pipe. Table
2 provides conservative estimates of
load-bearing values for various soil
types. When soil conditions are not
known, samples should be tested to
determine soil properties.
Mechanical Restraints
If mechanical thrust restraint devices are
used, they should be a type designed
for use with PVC pipe. The devices
should meet the test requirements of
Uni-Bell’s Specification Uni-B-13 “Joint
Restraint Devices for Use with PVC
Pipe.” Design manuals and computer
software are available from the restraint
manufacturers.
FIGURE 2: Direction change, elbow
FIGURE 3: Change line size, reducer
For typical thrust blocking and
mechanical thrust restraint examples,
see Figures 1 through 6.
THRUST BLOCKS
FIGURE 1: Through line connection, tee
MECHANICAL THRUST RESTRAINT DEVICES
FIGURE 4: Through line connection,
cross used as tee
FIGURE 5: Direction change, elbow
FIGURE 6: Direction change, tee
used as elbow
7
Testing of Installed Systems
Place sufficient backfill before
pipe filling and field testing. Under
conditions requiring immediate backfilling of trenches, test after backfilling
but prior to placement of permanent
surface. Testing short lengths of pipe
first will verify proper installation and
joint assembly. If concrete thrust
blocks are required, allow sufficient
curing before testing.
Separate tests for pressure and
leakage may be performed. If
separate tests are done, the pressure
test should be done first. See Table 4.
Procedure
While the line is under pressure,
check for leaks in all exposed pipe,
fittings, valves, and hydrants. Repair
or replace all defective elements.
Repeat the test until all visible leaks
stop and the allowable leakage
requirements are met, per Table 5.
For detailed pressure-testing
requirements, consult your engineer
or the PWPipe installation guide.
Table 3. Volume of Water Required for Testing
Nominal Pipe Size
(inches)
Volume
(U.S. gal/100 ft)
4
70
6
153
8
259
10
405
12
573
Table 4. System Test Methods
Procedure
Pressure
Test Duration
Simultaneous pressure
and leakage tests
150% of working pressure at point of test,
but not less than 125% of normal working
pressure at highest elevation*
2 hr
Separate pressure test
150% of working pressure at point of test,
but not less than 125% of normal working
pressure at highest elevation*
1 hr
Separate leakage test
150% of working pressure of segment tested*
2 hr
Source: Underground Installation of PVC Pressure Pipe and Fittings for Water, AWWA C605.
*Under no circumstances should test pressures exceed 305 psi for DR 14, 235 psi for DR 18, and
165 psi for DR 25 C900 PVC pipe.
WARNING: Do not use PVC pipe for
pressurized air systems. Injury or
death may result due to the catastrophic nature of pipe failure should
failure occur. Rapid expansion of
compressed air could propel shards
of plastic throughout the area.
WARNING: Expel all air from the
pipeline during filling and again before testing for pressure or leaks.
Automatic air-release valves are recommended. Compressed entrapped
air can greatly amplify surges or
pumping pressures. Also, compressed air might leak through a
joint that will not leak water.
Table 5. Allowable Leakage per 50 Joints
U.S. Gallons per Hour
Nominal Pipe Size
(inches)
50
100
Average Test Pressure (psi)
150
200
4
0.19
0.27
0.33
6
0.29
0.41
8
0.38
10
12
250
300
0.38
0.43
0.47
0.50
0.57
0.64
0.70
0.54
0.66
0.76
0.85
0.94
0.48
0.68
0.83
0.96
1.07
1.17
0.57
0.81
0.99
1.15
1.28
1.40
P.O. Box 10049, Eugene, OR 97440 • (800) 347-0200 • (541) 343-0200 • FAX (541) 686-9247 • www.pwpipe.com
PWPipe and the PWPipe logotype are registered trademarks of PWPipe • Litho in USA on Recycled paper • Reorder No. MKT-F-730—Revised April 2000