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Exercise 2 – Three-Phase Wound-Rotor Induction Machine with Rotor Resistance Procedure Outline PROCEDURE OUTLINE 7KH3URFHGXUHLVGLYLGHGLQWRWKHIROORZLQJVHFWLRQV 6HWXSDQGFRQQHFWLRQV (IIHFWRIWKHURWRUUHVLVWDQFHRQWKHRSHUDWLRQRIDWKUHHSKDVHZRXQG URWRULQGXFWLRQPDFKLQH PROCEDURE +LJKYROWDJHVDUHSUHVHQWLQWKLVODERUDWRU\H[HUFLVH'RQRWPDNHRUPRGLI\DQ\ EDQDQDMDFNFRQQHFWLRQVZLWKWKHSRZHURQXQOHVVRWKHUZLVHVSHFLILHG Set up and connections In this section, you will set up a circuit containing a three-phase wound-rotor induction machine coupled to a prime mover/brake. You will then set the measuring equipment required to study the three-phase wound-rotor induction machine operation when the rotor windings are interconnected through resistors. 5HIHU WR WKH (TXLSPHQW 8WLOL]DWLRQ &KDUW LQ $SSHQGL[$ WR REWDLQ WKH OLVW RI HTXLSPHQWUHTXLUHGWRSHUIRUPWKLVH[HUFLVH 0DNHVXUHWKDWDWHHWKSXOOH\LVLQVWDOOHGRQWKHVKDIWRIWKH7KUHH3KDVH :RXQG5RWRU ,QGXFWLRQ 0DFKLQH ,I QRW DVN \RXU LQVWUXFWRU WR LQVWDOO WKH SXOOH\UHTXLUHGRQWKHVKDIWRIWKHPDFKLQH E shows a Appendix supplied machine. how to replace the pulley installed on the shaft of a ,QVWDOOWKHUHTXLUHGHTXLSPHQWLQWKH:RUNVWDWLRQ sure you use the same Four-Quadrant Dynamometer/Power Supply a Make module as in Exercise 1 of this manual by confirming that the module’s serial number is the same as the serial number you recorded in the first step of Exercise 1. 0HFKDQLFDOO\FRXSOHWKH7KUHH3KDVH:RXQG5RWRU,QGXFWLRQ0DFKLQHWRWKH )RXU4XDGUDQW'\QDPRPHWHU3RZHU6XSSO\XVLQJWKHWLPLQJEHOWW\SH/ VXSSOLHGZLWKWKHWHHWKSXOOH\ 0DNHVXUHWKDWWKHDFDQGGFSRZHUVZLWFKHVRQWKH3RZHU6XSSO\DUHVHWWR WKH 2 RII SRVLWLRQ WKHQ FRQQHFW WKH 3RZHU 6XSSO\ WR D WKUHHSKDVH DF SRZHURXWOHW 0DNHVXUHWKDWWKHPDLQSRZHUVZLWFKRQWKH)RXU4XDGUDQW'\QDPRPHWHU 3RZHU6XSSO\LVVHWWRWKH2RIISRVLWLRQWKHQFRQQHFWLWVPower InputWRDQ DFSRZHUZDOORXWOHW &RQQHFW WKH Power Input RI WKH 'DWD $FTXLVLWLRQ DQG &RQWURO ,QWHUIDFH WR D 9DFSRZHUVXSSO\ © Festo Didactic 86367-10 27 Exercise 2 – Three-Phase Wound-Rotor Induction Machine with Rotor Resistance Procedure &RQQHFWWKH86%SRUWRIWKH'DWD$FTXLVLWLRQDQG&RQWURO,QWHUIDFHWRD86% SRUWRIWKHKRVWFRPSXWHU &RQQHFWWKH86%SRUWRIWKH)RXU4XDGUDQW'\QDPRPHWHU3RZHU6XSSO\WR D86%SRUWRIWKHKRVWFRPSXWHU &RQQHFWWKHHTXLSPHQWDVVKRZQLQ)LJXUH $WHUPLQDO / / 3ULPH PRYHU EUDNH 7KUHHSKDVH ZRXQGURWRU LQGXFWLRQ PDFKLQH $WHUPLQDO / ܴଵ ܴଶ ܴଷ /RFDODFSRZHUQHWZRUN 9ROWDJH 9 )UHTXHQF\ +] 5RWRU UHVLVWDQFH ࡾ ࡾ ࡾ ȍ )LJXUH7KUHHSKDVHZRXQGURWRULQGXFWLRQPDFKLQHZLWKURWRUUHVLVWDQFHFRXSOHGWRDSULPH PRYHUEUDNH 0DNHWKHQHFHVVDU\VZLWFKVHWWLQJVRQWKH5HVLVWLYH/RDGPRGXOHLQRUGHUWR REWDLQWKHURWRUUHVLVWDQFHYDOXHUHTXLUHG values of certain components used in the circuits of this manual depend a The on your local ac power network voltage and frequency. Whenever necessary, a table below the circuit diagram indicates the value of each component for ac power network voltages of 120 V, 220 V, and 240 V, and for ac power network frequencies of 50 Hz and 60 Hz. Make sure to use the component values corresponding to your local ac power network voltage and frequency. C lists the switch settings required on the Resistive Load in order to a Appendix obtain various resistance values. 28 © Festo Didactic 86367-10 Exercise 2 – Three-Phase Wound-Rotor Induction Machine with Rotor Resistance Procedure 7XUQ WKH )RXU4XDGUDQW '\QDPRPHWHU3RZHU 6XSSO\ RQ WKHQ VHW WKH Operating Mode VZLWFK WR Dynamometer 7KLV VHWWLQJ DOORZV WKH )RXU 4XDGUDQW'\QDPRPHWHU3RZHU6XSSO\WRRSHUDWHDVDSULPHPRYHUDEUDNH RUERWKGHSHQGLQJRQWKHVHOHFWHGIXQFWLRQ 7XUQWKHKRVWFRPSXWHURQWKHQVWDUWWKH/9'$&(06VRIWZDUH ,Q WKH /9'$&(06 6WDUW8S ZLQGRZ PDNH VXUH WKDW WKH 'DWD $FTXLVLWLRQ DQG &RQWURO ,QWHUIDFH DQG WKH )RXU4XDGUDQW '\QDPRPHWHU3RZHU 6XSSO\ DUH GHWHFWHG 0DNH VXUH WKDW WKH Computer-Based Instrumentation IXQFWLRQ IRUWKH'DWD$FTXLVLWLRQDQG&RQWURO,QWHUIDFHLVDYDLODEOH6HOHFWWKHQHWZRUN YROWDJH DQG IUHTXHQF\ RI \RXU ORFDO DF SRZHU QHWZRUN WKHQ FOLFN WKH OKEXWWRQWRFORVHWKH/9'$&(066WDUW8SZLQGRZ ,Q/9'$&(06VHWWKHRangeVHWWLQJRIFXUUHQWLQSXWVI1DQGI2WRHigh ,Q /9'$&(06 RSHQ WKH )RXU4XDGUDQW '\QDPRPHWHU3RZHU 6XSSO\ ZLQGRZWKHQPDNHWKHIROORZLQJVHWWLQJV 6HWWKHFunctionSDUDPHWHUWRSpeed Sweep 6HW WKH Start Speed SDUDPHWHU WRUPLQ DERYH WKH V\QFKURQRXV VSHHGRIWKHWKUHHSKDVHZRXQGURWRULQGXFWLRQPDFKLQH synchronous speed of the Three-Phase Wound-Rotor Induction Machine a The is 1500 r/min at a local ac power network frequency of 50 Hz and 1800 r/min at a local ac power network frequency of 60 Hz. 6HWWKHFinish SpeedSDUDPHWHUWRUPLQEHORZWKHV\QFKURQRXV VSHHGRIWKHWKUHHSKDVHLQGXFWLRQPRWRU 6HWWKHNumber of StepsSDUDPHWHUWRVWHSV 6HWWKHStep DurationSDUDPHWHUWRV 6HWWKHRecord Data to TableSDUDPHWHUWRYes 6HWWKHPulley RatioSDUDPHWHUWR ,Q/9'$&(06VWDUWWKH0HWHULQJDSSOLFDWLRQ0DNHWKHUHTXLUHGVHWWLQJVLQ RUGHU WR PHDVXUH WKH UPV YDOXHVDF RI WKH WKUHHSKDVH ZRXQGURWRU LQGXFWLRQ PDFKLQH OLQH FXUUHQWܫ LQSXWI1 6HW WZR RWKHU PHWHUV WR PHDVXUH WKH PDFKLQH DFWLYH SRZHUܲ DQG UHDFWLYH SRZHUܳ XVLQJ WKH WZR ZDWWPHWHU PHWKRGPHWHU IXQFWLRQ PQS1 PQS2 )LQDOO\ VHW D PHWHU WR PHDVXUHWKHPDFKLQHSRZHUIDFWRUܲܨIURPLQSXWVE1I1E2DQGI2 © Festo Didactic 86367-10 29 Exercise 2 – Three-Phase Wound-Rotor Induction Machine with Rotor Resistance Procedure ,Q/9'$&(06RSHQWKH'DWD7DEOHZLQGRZ 6HWWKH'DWD7DEOHWRUHFRUGWKHWKUHHSKDVHZRXQGURWRULQGXFWLRQPDFKLQH VSHHG݊WRUTXHܶDQGPHFKDQLFDOSRZHUܲெ LQGLFDWHGLQWKH)RXU4XDGUDQW '\QDPRPHWHU3RZHU6XSSO\ZLQGRZ $OVR VHW WKH 'DWD 7DEOH WR UHFRUG WKH WKUHHSKDVH ZRXQGURWRU LQGXFWLRQ PDFKLQH OLQH FXUUHQWܫ LQSXW I1 DFWLYH SRZHUܲ UHDFWLYH SRZHUܳ DQG SRZHUIDFWRUܲܨLQGLFDWHGLQWKH0HWHULQJDSSOLFDWLRQ Effect of the rotor resistance on the operation of a three-phase wound-rotor induction machine In this section, you will make the three-phase wound-rotor induction machine speed decrease by step from 100 r/min above the machine synchronous speed to 0 r/min, recording at each step in the Data Table the machine speed, torque, mechanical power, line current, active power, reactive power, and power factor. You will calculate the machine efficiency using the recorded machine mechanical power and active power values. On the same graph, you will plot the torque versus speed curve when the rotor is short-circuited (using the results you obtained in the previous exercise), as well as when resistance is added to the rotor, and interpret the results. Finally, you will plot on the same graph the efficiency versus mechanical power curve when the rotor is short-circuited (using the results you obtained in the previous exercise), as well as when resistance is added to the rotor, and interpret the results. 2QWKH3RZHU6XSSO\WXUQWKHWKUHHSKDVHDFSRZHUVRXUFHRQ Three-Phase Wound-Rotor Induction Machine is fitted with an overvoltage a The protection circuit preventing the rotor voltage from reaching values that could damage the machine rotor windings. If the overvoltage protection trips when performing the manipulation above, turn the three-phase ac power source off, wait a few seconds, and turn the three-phase ac power on while pressing and holding the 3URWHFWLRQ2YHUULGH push-button on the Three-Phase Wound-Rotor Induction Machine. %HIRUHVWDUWLQJWKHSULPHPRYHUEUDNHLHEHIRUHVWDUWLQJWKHSpeed Sweep IXQFWLRQ PDNHVXUH WKDW WKH 7KUHH3KDVH:RXQG5RWRU ,QGXFWLRQ 0DFKLQH LVURWDWLQJLQWKHFORFNZLVHGLUHFWLRQ,IVRSURFHHGGLUHFWO\WRWKHQH[WVWHS 2WKHUZLVHWXUQWKHWKUHHSKDVHDFSRZHUVRXUFHRIILQYHUWWKHFRQQHFWLRQV DW WZR RI WKH WKUHH SKDVH WHUPLQDOV RI WKH PDFKLQH VWDWRU ZLQGLQJV WKHQ UHSHDWWKLVVWHSIURPWKHEHJLQQLQJ 30 © Festo Didactic 86367-10 Exercise 2 – Three-Phase Wound-Rotor Induction Machine with Rotor Resistance Procedure ,Q WKH )RXU4XDGUDQW '\QDPRPHWHU3RZHU 6XSSO\ ZLQGRZ VWDUW WKH Speed SweepIXQFWLRQ :DLW IRU WKH Speed Sweep IXQFWLRQ WR FRPSOHWH LWV VZHHS RI WKH VSHFLILHG VSHHG LQWHUYDO 7KHQ LQ WKH )RXU4XDGUDQW '\QDPRPHWHU3RZHU 6XSSO\ ZLQGRZPDNHWKHIROORZLQJVHWWLQJV 6HWWKHStart SpeedSDUDPHWHUWRUPLQEHORZWKHVSHHGYDOXHDW ZKLFK\RXVHWWKHFinish SpeedSDUDPHWHULQVWHS 6HWWKHFinish SpeedSDUDPHWHUWRUPLQ 6HW WKH Number of Steps SDUDPHWHU WR D YDOXH EHWZHHQ DQGVWHSV 0DNHVXUHWKDWWKHStep DurationSDUDPHWHULVVHWWRV 0DNHVXUHWKDWWKHRecord Data to TableSDUDPHWHULVVHWWRYes 0DNHVXUHWKDWWKHPulley RatioSDUDPHWHULVVHWWR ,Q WKH )RXU4XDGUDQW '\QDPRPHWHU3RZHU 6XSSO\ ZLQGRZ VWDUW WKH Speed SweepIXQFWLRQ:DLWIRUWKHSpeed SweepIXQFWLRQWRFRPSOHWHLWVVZHHSRI WKHVSHFLILHGVSHHGLQWHUYDO the overvoltage protection trips at the end of the speed sweep performed a Ifabove (i.e., when the speed of the three-phase wound-rotor induction machine approaches 0 r/min), stop the 6SHHG 6ZHHS function, turn the three-phase ac source power source off, delete the data recorded to the Data Table during this speed sweep, turn the three-phase ac power source on, and start the 6SHHG 6ZHHS function again. This time, however, press and hold the 3URWHFWLRQ 2YHUULGH push-button on the Three-Phase Wound-Rotor Induction Machine as soon as the speed decreases below 200 r/min. 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