MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
MANAGING
INTERACTIONS
- INDUSTRY
UNIVERSITY-INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
A CASE STUDY REPORT
ON
INDIAN INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE
BANGALORE,
INDIA
United Nations Educational, Scientifk
Cultural Organlzation
INDIAN
INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE.
and
1
BANGALORE.
INDIA
n
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-...
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
MANAGING UN-IVERSI’IYINDUSTRY INTERACTIONS
A CASE STUDY REPORT ON
OF SCIENCE
INDrANINsTFmJTE
BANGALORE, INDIA
CONTENTS
Foreword
Section
I
Preamble
. . .
. . .
II
A Historical
III
A Brief
IV
Institute-Industry
Interactions
V
Some
Success
VI
Epilogue
Perspective
Academic
Profile
Illustrative
. . .
. . .
...
7
. . .
. . .
7
. . .
. . .
8
. . .
. . .
15
. . .
20
. .
26
. . .
28
Stories
. . .
. . .
Tables
Table
I
Directors
(past
Table
2 IlSc at a Glance
Table
3 Degree
and
present)
(Divisions
Programmes
. . .
and
. . .
Toble
3A. Deportments/units
where
progrommes
are offered
Toble
38. Areas
M.Des.
. . .
- Statistics
.
.
Table
5 Academe
- Publications
. . .
Table
6 Academe
-Awards
30
31
. . .
.
.
34
. .
. . .
35
. . .
35
/ Distinctions.
OF SCIENCE.
28
30
of speciolisotion
in M.E./M.Tech.,
degree programmes
4 Students
INSTITUTE
. . .
the degree
Table
INDIAN
departments/centres/units)
BANGALORE.
. .
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INDIA
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FOREWORD
University-Industry-Science
Portnership
programme
- UNISPAR was
launched
in 1993 with the following
goals:
(i) adaptation
of university
engineering
education,
operation
education
to industrial
(iii) university-industry
joint
mechanisms.
UNESCO
New Delhi Office
“Strotegies
for a University-industry
needs,
(ii) continuing
engineering
R&D and (iv) setting up university
co-
has developed
Co-operative
o concept
programme
paper
on
in Science,
Technology
and Engineering
in lndio during
1996 based on the request
from Government
of India. As a follow up UNESCO
New Delhi Office initiated
a pilot study of UNISPAR from six universities
of South India in collaboration
with National
Institute of Research and Social Action (NIRSA) Hyderobad.
Three round table meetings were organized
to formulate
a joint proposal
by six universities
in the filed of UNISPAR. In one of the meeting the premier
institutes in India on UNISPAR such as Indian Institute of Technology
(Delhi),
Indian Institute
of Science
and Birla Institute of Technology
and Science
presented
their
case studies
For the benefit
of other
(success
stories)
Indian
universities,
on UNISPAR.
as well OS other
institutes
of
higher learning
in the region UNESCO
New Delhi Office took an initiative
to bring out the successes
stories of Indian Institute of Technology
(Delhi)
ond Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
in book form. It is hoped that the
experience
and achievements
of these two institutions
will be of immense
help to other universities,
institutes and industries
who have engaged
in the
University-Industry
Partnership
activity.
In brining out this report, Prof. D. Swaminodhan,
President, NIRSA hove
played
a key role and he deserves
all appreciation.
I would
like to
acknowledge
Director,
Indian Institute of Technology
(Delhi) New Delhi and
Director,
Indian Institute of Science, Bongofore
for their co-operation.
Also I
would like to thank UNESCO
New Delhi Office staffs Dr. R. Jayokumar
and
Ms. Anu Dhillon for their help in compiling
and editing this report in the final
form.
Prof.
03-03-2000
Moegiadi
Director
& UNESCO
Bhutan,
India,
INDIAN
Representative
Maldives
INSTITUTE
New
to
Delhi
and Sri Lanka
OF SCIENCE.
BANGALORE.
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I. PREAMBLE
The Indian lnstttute of Science (IISc), Bangalore,
is an institution
of higher
learning
pursuing
excellence
in research
and education
in diverse fields of
science and engineering.
It IS probably
the oldest and the finest institution
of
its kind In India; It also has a very high International
rating In the academic
IlSc provides
facilities
for post-graduate
research
and advanced
world
Instruction
in traditional
as well
as in many
science and engineering
and collaborates
Institutions
in solving challenging
problems
This report,
in the form
important
emerging
areas
of
with Industry and other research
In science and technology
of a case study on IISc, has been
prepared
for
the United
National
Educational,
Scientific
and Cultural
Organisation
(UNESCO)
at the behest of the National
Institute of Research
and Social
Action (NIRSA), Hyderabad.
The overall purpose of this document
IS to serve
as a source of inspiration
and learning for other institutions of higher education
which may wish to promote
industry interactions.
The report presents a bird’seye view of IlSc as a premier educational
and research lnstltutlon
In addltlon,
an attempt
has been made to highlight
the thoughts
and acttons evolved
over the decades to promote
relevont and rewarding
Interaction
with industry
and other external
organisations.
Even though IlSc has remained
relatively
small numerically
with regard to the number of students,
etc., over the last
eight decades,
the magnitude
been very large.
and impact
II. A HISTORICAL
The Indian
Institute
of Science
of its contributions
to society
have
PERSPECTIVE
owes
its foundation
to the foresight
of o
great industrialist
and a rare visionary,
Mr. Jamsetji Nusserwanji
Tata. A truly
remarkable
man, Mr. Tata conceived
the idea of setting up this Institute In
1886.
In 1898, he offered property then worth two hundred thousand
pounds
as an endowment
the country
could
for establishing
come
into close
an institution,
contact
where
with western
the best intellects
science
of
and find new
careers in industry.
Tata passed away in 1904, but he hod sown the seeds of
the Institute, which came into existence
in 1909 as his heirs and ossociotes
toiled hard to turn his dreams and plans into reality.
IlSc came
to be located
at Bangalore,
thanks
to the generous
offer
of
372 acres of land by the then Maharoio
of Mysore.
It started functioning
in
191 1 with two departments:
General
and Applied
Chemistry,
and Electrical
Technology.
The Deportment
of Organic
Chemistry was opened a few months
later in the Some
rolls.
INDIAN
yeor.
INSTITUTE
In March
OF SCIENCE.
1912,
the Institute
BANGALORE.
had 24 students
on its
7
INDIA
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- INDUSTRY
During the quarter century of IISc’s formative
period from 1909 to 1933,
there were two significant
strands.
One was that the Institute embarked
upon
several viable scientific
and technical
investigations,
which paved the way for
the establishment
of certain industries.
The other was related to the varied
travails associated
with the institution-building
process in a colonial ambience.
Ever since its inception,
the Institute has been laying a balanced
emphasis
on
the pursuit
application
of knowledge
in basic
of its research
findings
science
and engineering
for industrial
.
as well as on the
and social
benefits.
The objects of the Institute are “to provide for advanced
instruction
and
to conduct
original
investigations
in all branches
of knowledge
and, in
particular,
in such branches of knowledge
as are likely to promote the material
and industrial
welfare
of India”.
What has been most remarkable
in the
historical
profile of IlSc through
this century is the balance
in the various
domains
of its activity:
education,
research,
development,
international
outreach
and societal
development.
Naturally,
the creation
of new knowledge
has been accompanied
by the application
of that knowledge
to generate
industrial
wealth and to ameliorate
the conditions
in the villages.
With
the establishment
of the University
Grants
Commission
(UGC)
in
1956, IlSc came under its purview,
being deemed as a university
under the
UGC Act so that it could award degrees.
Looking at the Institute in a historical
perspective,
one can see that several illustrious men of science and engineering
have studied or served at the Institute.
Sir C. V Roman, Dr. Homi J. Bhabha,
Dr. Vikram A. Sarabhai,
Prof. Brahm Prakash,
Prof. G. N. Ramachandran,
Prof. Satish Dhawan
and Prof. C.N.R. Rao-to
mention
only a few-have
all
enriched
the academic
life the Institute.
The Institute has, over the years,
been led by eminent
international
standing.
persons
It is easy to perceive
on developments
and metallurgy.
of science
the far-reaching
in various disciplines
National
programmes
(Table
1) with
influence
that the Institute
Institute
of Science
and
has had
have radiated
outwards
contributed
to the post-
III. A BRIEF ACADEMIC
Indian
national
such as physics, biology,
electronics
such as those on energy, aviation,
space, biotechnology,
and information
technology
from the academic
incubators
of the Institute and
Independence
developments
in Indian technology.
The
high
is engaged
PROFILE
in higher
learning
ond
advanced
research
in the cutting edges of science and technology.
The
Institute has a highly qualified
faculty numbering
about 470 and offering
among
the best faculty-student
ratio in the world.
As a post-graduate
educational
institution
IlSc offers a number
of programmes,
courses
and
specialiations.
The traditional
courses offered lead to M.E., M. Tech., M. SC.
(Engg.)
INDIAN
and Ph.D. degrees.
INSTITUTE
In addition,
OF SCIENCE.
courses
BANGALORE.
are offered
underthe
Quality
8
INDIA
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UNIVERSITY
- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
improvement
Programme
(QIP) f or engineering
college
teachers.
Evening
courses in areas of topical
interest,
intended
for personnel
from industries
and R&D establishments
to update their knowledge,
are offered by the Centre
Continuing
Education
and professional
societies
(collectively
called
PROFICIENCE)
in collaboration
with the Institute.
Integrated
Ph.D.
programmes
(which
are programmes
into which
the M.Sc. syllabi
are
integrated
and to which bright undergraduates
in science
can get direct
admission)
in the Faculty of Science attract the cream of B.Sc. graduates
in
the country.
the Young
Programme
In order to catch them young, the Institute has recently launched
Fellowship
Programme
and Young
Engineering
Fellowships
through which bright students get exposed early to the excitement
of science
and attracted
to a career
in scientific
research.
There are now over 40 departments
and centres in the Institute and
these are grouped
under five divisions
and two faculties:
the Biological,
Chemical
and Physical and Mathematical
Sciences Divisions constituting
the
Science Faculty
the Engineering
Table 2.
and the Mechanical
and Electrical Sciences
Faculty.
The divisional
organisation
of
Every year, more than 200 students are admitted
programmes
in the Faculty of Engineering,
and over
are admitted
Divisions forming
IlSc
is shown in
to the Masters’ degree
100 doctoral
scholars
to both the Faculties.
The degree programmes
are constantly
under evaluation,
review and
modification,
whereby outmoded
courses are replaced
by contemporary
and
relevant ones. In recent years, innovative
programmes
in satellite technology,
manufacturing
programmes
units where
specialisation
engineering,
and design have been introduced.
The degree
offered at IlSc are given in Table 3; the departments/centres/
these are offered
are given in Table 3A and
the areas of
are listed
in Table
38.
Besides formal education
and research,
the Institute has been playing
an active role in offering short-term
courses to scientists and technologists
in
service. The Continuing
Education
Programme
covers a wide range of topics,
and over 1500 working
scientists and engineers
go through
these courses
every year. Table 4 gives a concise picture of various student-related
statistics
at IISc.
The institute
publishes
well over 1,000
research
papers
in a year,
covering
a wide spectrum
of advanced
frontier
areas
in science
and
engineering
(Table 5). Many of the research papers have elicited laudatory
reviews in international
iournals.
The Institute has world-renowned
groups
in Biotechnology,
Information
Technology
and Materials
Technology.
Its faculty
and scientists receive numerous
awards for their contributions
(Table 6 gives
the figures
INDIAN
for a typical
INSTITUTE
year).
OF SCIENCE,
BANGALORE.
9
INDIA
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A brief description
of IlSc is given
Division
- INDUSTRY
of the composition
in the paragraphs
of Biological
INTERACTIONS
and activities
of the five divisions
below.
Sciences
The Department
of Biochemistry
was started in 192 1. It was recognised
as a Centre
for Advanced
Study by the University
Grants Commission
in
1968.
The focus of research
in this department
is on molecular
biology,
molecular
genetics
ond developmental
biology,
proteins
and enzymes,
immunology
and reproductive
biology.
The Department
of Microbiology
and Cell Biology,
established
in
194 1, has emphasised
its research priorities on problems related to infectious
diseases of bacterial
and viral origin in humans and animals.
The established
research
programmes
of the Department,
such as the silkworm
molecular
biology and the plant biotechnology
programmes,
have received
andsupport
from national
and international
agencies.
Unit
The main thrust of the research
is concerned
with the structure,
recognition
activities
in the Molecular
Biophysics
conformation,
and interactions
of bio-
molecules,
with the objective
of explaining
biological
activity in molecular
terms.
The general
strategy has been to employ different
available
modern
synthetic,
biochemical,
spectroscopic,
X-ray crystallographic,
computational
methods, molecular
modelling,
molecular
biological
and electrophysiological
techniques
for the realisation
of this obiective.
The Department
of Molecular
Reproduction,
Development
and
Genetics
was established
by merging
the Centre for Reproductive
Biology
and Molecular
Endocrinology
(established
in 1989) and the Developmental
Biology and Genetics
Laboratory
(established
in 1990) in order to generate
an integrated
research programme
in reproductive
and developmental
biology
and genetics.
The Primate Research
Laboratory,
attached to the Department
of Molecular
Reproduction,
Development
and Genetics, houses approximately
250 bonnet monkeys ( Macaca
radiata).
This Laboratory
provides
facilities
and assists investigators
from
using non-human
primates.
within
IlSc and outside
to undertake
research
The Central
Animal
Facility
was established
to provide
inbred and
outbred
animals
to investigators
at the Institute.
The animal
species bred
and maintained
here include
New Zealand
white rabbits,
Dunken
Hartley
guinea pigs, Wistar rats ond several strains of mice.
The Centre
for Ecological
Sciences,
established
at the Institute
in 1982,
is the first Centre of Excellence
supported
by the Ministry of Environment
and
Forests,
Government
of India.
Consisting
of life scientists,
chemists,
mathematicians
and engineers,
the Centre concerns
itself with research
in
the maior areas
ecodevelopment,
INDIAN
of biological
plant-animal
INSTITUTE
I
diversity,
social behaviour,
human ecology,
interactions
and climate change and tropical
OF SCIENCE,
BANGALORE.
10
INDIA
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forests
Division
of Chemical
Established
Chemistry
The mator
Sciences
In 191 1, the
Department
of
Inorganic
and
Physical
has the distinction
of berng one of the oldest departments
in 11%.
research efforts now under way in the Department
are focussed on
areas
such
organometallic
non-metals,
as molecular
structure
and dynamics,
laser
chemistry, solid state chemistry, electrochemistry,
polymer chemistry
and combustion
chemistry.
The Solid
grves a maior
and structural
programmes,
departments
programmes.
State
and
Structural
Chemistry
Unit,
spectroscopy,
chemistry
established
of
in 1976,
thrust to research and teaching
in areas of solid state, surface
chemistry.
Besides
developing
research
and teaching
the Unit has established
strong
interactions
with other
with regard
In 1991,
the
to interdisciplinary
Council
for
and inter-departmental
Scientific
and
Industrial
research
Research
(CSIR)
established
a Centre
of Excellence
in Chemistry
in the Institute for a period
of 10 years.
The Centre works on various aspects of solid state chemistry,
spectroscopy,
surface
The Materials
science
and
Research
materials.
Centre
has been
established
(1978)
in the
Institute for fostering
interdisciplinary
research on materials.
The main focus
of research is on electronic
materials
as well as on functional
ceramics.
The
current activities centre around the synthesis and characterisation
of materials,
opto-electronic
materials,
including
luminescent
phosphors,
ceramic sensors,
thin solid
metastable
films, diamond
materials.
Established
recognised
Commission,
coatings,
in 191 1, the
as a Centre
for
The Department
areas of synthetic,
and organo-metallic
ceramic
Department
Advanced
is involved
physical, structural,
chemistry.
The Sophisticated
composites,
of
Organic
Facility,
which
and
Chemistry
Study by the University
in teaching
and research
bio- and theoretical
Instruments
amorphous
organic
was established
is
Grants
in frontier
chemistry,
in 1977,
has state-of-the-art
equipment
for Nuclear
Magnetic
Resonance
(NMR)
studies.
It undertakes
research
on theoretical
and experimental
aspects of
NMR spectroscopy,
besides being involved
in the development
of techniques
and applications
Division
to liquids,
of Physical
The Department
solids
and mesophases.
and Mathematical
of Mathematics
was
Sciences
initially
started
Applied Mathematics.
It aims to promote close collaboration
mathematical
disciplines.
The areas of current research
are algebraic/combinatorial
INDIAN
INSTITUTE
topology,
OF SCIENCE.
commutative
BANGALORE.
algebra
INDIA
as a Centre
between various
in the Department
and algebraic
of
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
geometry,
differential
equations,
fluid mechanics,
physics, and probability
and stochastic
processes.
non-linear
waves,
plasma
The Deportment
of Physics, established
in 1933, has been a pioneer
in advanced
research and higher education.
The areas of current research
include condeneed
matter physics, complex systems, bio-molecular
structure
and biophysics,
and astrophysics.
atomic
and optical
physics,
plasma
physics,
and astronomy
The Deportment
of Instrumentation
wos established
in 1964 as the
Central
Instrumentation
and Services Loboratory.
Currently,
the Department
offers M.Tech.
programme
and undertakes
research
in diverse
areas of
instrumentation,
including analytical,
electronic,
laser and optical,
and thermal,
and vacuum and thin film instrumentation.
The IISc-TIFR Mothemotics
Progromme
is a collaborative
the Institute and the School of Mathematics
of the Tata Institute
Research,
Mumbai
(Bombay).
The
doctoral
and post-doctoral
levels.
Programme
supports
solar energy
effort between
of Fundamental
joint
research
at
The Astronomy
ond Astrophysics
Progromme
is a joint programme
organised
in collaboration
with the Raman Research
Institute,
Bangalore;
Indian
Institute
of Astrophysics,
Bangalore;
Tota Institute of Fundamental
Research,
Mumbai;
Indian Space Research Orgonisation,
Bangalore;
the Physical
Research
Laborototy,
Ahmedobod.
It fosters
research
developmental
activity in different
oreas of Astronomy
ond Astrophysics.
and
and
The Central
Cryogenic
Facility was established
in 1971 and has been
successful
in producing
and supplying
liquid nitrogen
and liquid helium to
users in the Institute as well as outside.
The Facility has also undertqken
R&D
projects
on cryogrinding
cryostats,
development
sensors
Division
for cryogens.
of Electrical
The Deportment
one
of spices, design and development
of indigenous
of helium gas purity monitor, and discrete type level
of the oldest
Sciences
of Electrical
deportments
Engineering
in the Institute,
has the distinction
having
been
of being
established
in
191 1. The Deportment
offers higher education
progrommes
and conducts
advanced
research
in the areas of power systems (computer
applications),
HVDC flexible AC transmission
systems, parallel
processing,
system science,
computer
vision, artificial
intelligence,
computer
networks,
power electronics
ond drives, bioengineering
and signal processing,
and energy studies.
The Dbportment
of Electrical
Communication
Engineering,
which
was estobli;hed
in 1946,
hos current
research
interests
in the oreos of
communication
systems;
electronic
devices
circuits
and technology;
microprocessor-bosed
INDIAN
INSTITUTE
instrumentation
OF SCIENCE,
devices
BANGALORE.
using
superconductors;
12
INDIA
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electromognetics,
- INDUSTRY
microwaves
INTERACTIONS
and
antennas;
photonics
and
optical
communication;
signal processing;
speech,
audio and image processing;
acoustics;
statistical
signal processing;
and biomedical
signal processing.
The Centre
for Electronics
Design
and Technology
was established
In 1975, under the sponsorship
of the Swiss Development
Corporation
and
the Department
of Electronics,
Government
of India. The Centre has current
research
interests
in telematics,
power
electronics,
electromechanics,
instrumentation,
industrial
design, electronic
packaging
and production.
The
established
Department
in 1969
post-graduate
of theoretical
of Computer
Science
as the School of Automation.
design oi power apparatus
malor R&D projects Include
facilities
for lightning-aircraft
test facility,
Voltage
Engineering,
established
in 195 1,
and conducting
research work for reliable
and transmission
systems.
Some of the recent
the development
of high voltage and high current
interaction
analysis,
setting up of explosive
and dielectric
studies
in SF6 gas-insulated
The research
efforts at the Supercomputer
Education
Centre
(SERC), which was first established
as the Computer
span a wide spectrum
of areas of Information
Technology.
of research and development
interest are high performance
for VLSI, processor architectures,
visualisation
of high-speed
securrty,
Shared
was
offers
programmes
and undertakes
advanced
research in the areas
computer
science, systems and software, and intelligent
systems.
The Department
of High
has been Involved
In developing
atmospheric
and Automation
The Department
systems.
and Research
Centre in 1970,
The maior areas
computing,
CAD
networks, network
and web technology.
The Centre
University
has been
Research
the first in the Asia-Pacific
(SUR) programme
research
the area of high performance
computing.
IBM, Tata-IBM.
HF: TI, TISL and LG.
Its research
region to receive the
support from IBM in
collaborators
SERC has created a state-of-the-art
supercomputing
facility which
to the diverse and evolving
computational
and visualisation
needs
Institute.
This facility
and industries.
Division
is also available
of Mechanical
Established
initially
to all universities,
include
caters
of the
R&D establishments,
Sciences
as the Department
of Aeronautical
Engineering
(1942)
to meet the expanding
needs of the Hindustan
Aircraft
Company,
located in Bangalore,
the activities of the Department
Aerospace
Engineering
have, in recent years greatly expanded
to cover both aeronautical
and space
technology.
The Department
works in close association
with the Satellite and
Launch Vehicle projects of the Indian Space Research Organisation
(ISRO).
The Department
is also involved
in a collaborative
programme
in helicopter
INDIAN
INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE.
BiNGALORE.
13
INDIA
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engineering
with the Hindustan
The Centre
Aeronautics
for Atmospheric
and
Limited,
Oceanic
Bangalore.
Sciences
was established
in 1982, and its current research activities
are in monsoon
dynamics,
ocean
dynamics,
ocean-atmosphere
coupling,
climate
and rainfall
variability,
atmosphertc
boundary
layer, laboratory
modelling
of atmospheric
convection,
and satellite
meteorology.
The Department
graduate
programmes
of Civil Engineering,
established
in 1950, offers postand undertakes
advanced
research
in the areas of
geotechnical
engineering,
and structural
engineering.
hydro-mechanics
and water
resources
engineering,
The Department
of Mechanical
Engineering
was established
in 1945.
It has specialised
post-graduate
programmes
and advanced
research interests
in various aspects of mechanical
systems; internal. combustion
engines;
castrng, metal joining, and metal cutting; and thermal sciences.
The Centre
established
development
for Product
to promote
activities
Design
and
Manufacturing
has been recently
teaching,
research, industrial interaction
and prototype
in the field of product
design at the Institute.
The
Centre houses the various academic activities
related
programme
in Product Design and Engineering.
The Department
metal
of Chemical
Engineering
to the Master
was established
of Design
in 1943,
and has current research
interests in the areas of bioengineering,
chemical
dynamics and control, environmental
engineering,
materials,
thermodynamics
and transport
properties,
and transfer processes.
The
Department
of
Metallurgy,
established
in 1945,
offers
post-
graduate
degree
programmes
and conducts
advanced
research
in several
leading
areas of metallurgy.
The areas of current research
include mineral
processing,
bioprocessing,
extractive
metallurgy,
physical
metallurgy
and
mechanical
metallurgy.
The Department
Section of Economics
Industrial
Engineering
of Management
Studies
was initiated
in 1948
as the
and Social Sciences; it was merged with the Section of
and Administration
to form the Department
of Industrial
Management
in 1965.
It was given the present nomenclature
in 1986.
The
areas
of current
research
in the Department
are human
resources
management,
economics,
marketing,
finance,
operations
research,
and the
management
of R&D and science and technology.
The Centre
for the Application
Areas
(ASTRA)
is engaged
transfer
of technology
and
in R&D,
identifying
of Science
and
Technology
to Rural
technology
development,
field trials,
suitable
mechanisms
for technology
dissemination
in several challenging
areas of science
have relevance
and applications
in rural areas.
development
projects under way include:
and technology
that
Some of the maior
A
INDIAN
INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE:
BANGALORE.
INDIA
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
Basic
studies
Biomass
on biogasification
gasification
Technology
residues
for
4
Design,
field
rural areas
4
f)
9)
h)
4
Low-cost
solid
building
and
packages
KW power
and
plug
viability
Energy efficient
agro-industrial
k)
Forestry
and
flow
studies
soil cement
levels
biogas
plants
on bioenergy
for
biomass
packages
in
blocks
technology
for
for rural
medicinal
wood and
applications
afforestation
and domestic
applications
plants
issues in bioenergy,
use
i)
residues
technologies
stabilized
Sustainability
and biomass
of biomass
phase
decontamination
Nursery
INTERACTIONS
at 5 to 500
testing
Steam-cured
Water,
- INDUSTRY
biomass
biomass
generation,
burning
techniques
devices
climate
change
for domestic
and
Institute
of Science
has
with industry, government,
been
and
in rural
areas.
IV. INSTITUTE-INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
Ever
encouraging
since its inception,
the Indian
and promoting
close interaction
other R&D organisations.
This has been a natural outcome
of the vision of its
founder,
Jamsetji
Nusserwanji
Tata, who envisaged
that the Institute must
strive
“to provide
for advanced
instruction
and to conduct
original
Investigations
in all branches of knowledge
and, in particular,
in such branches
of knowledge
as are likely to promote
the material
and industrial
welfare
of
India”.
Even during the formative
years, the Institute’s
scientific
endeavours
were directed
towards the utilisation
of its expertise and facilities
for applied
research
and
industrial
The basic
development.
rationale
for promoting
II%-Industry
interactions
has been
the following:
a)
For meaningful
be closely
technological
coupled
b)
Appropriate
demonstration
c)
Industry
can be both
technology
generation
INDIAN
INSTITUTE
innovations,
to applications
through
research
research,
plus development,
and utilisation
of new technology
o source of research
and transfer
OF SCIENCE,
BANGALORE,
knowledge
engineering
is essential
support
INDIA
and
and
must
industry
for
a partner
the
in
d)
Such challenging
interactions
the programmes
by the Institute.
of higher
with industry
education
would
qualitatively
and advanced
research
enhance
pursued
In general,
there is a great need for interlocking
academic
institutions
in the country with industry for the benefit of both. The role of special institutions
such as IlSc in providing
industry with the benefits of the advances
in science
and technology
has been discussed
national
forums.
and its importance
underlined
in several
IlSc has had a long history of valued contacts
with industry, and its
faculty have for long interacted
with industry.
These contacts
have varied
from advice and discussion
to undertaking
of specific projects.
Later on in
this report,
in Section V, some
examples
of successful
interactions
are
presented.
In 1965, the Institute took a significant
step to directly involve the Institute
in consultancy
projects for industry, with the faculty members in the respective
areas of specialisation
acting as consultants
on behalf of the Institute.
With
this step, a new dimension
was added to this area of work, which enabled
the consultants
to use the facilities
of the Institute and complex
consultancy
projects to be handled
by specialists
drawn from different
disciplines.
Institutionalisation
of the consultancy
work helped further developments.
In 1975, the Centre for Scientific and Industrial Consultancy
was established.
Its role
and
those
of a few other
following
paragraphs.
Centre
for Scientific
institutional
centres
and Industrial
As just mentioned
above, CSIC was formally
with the responsibility
of coordinating
and further
are described
in the
Consultancy(CSIC)
established
promoting
in 1975, vested
Institute-Industry
interaction
for mutual
benefit
and advancement.
CSIC provides
the
infrastructure
through
which industrial
and other organisations
can quickly
and effectively
gain access to the expertise and facilities
of the Institute in the
fields of science, technology
and management.
The Centre also promotes
the formation
of a network
of informal
contacts
between the scientists
engineers
in the Institute and those in Industry, allowing
for a continuous
easy flow of information
and ideas.
and
and
CSIC has an organisational
structure with two professors
of the Institute
functioning
as the Chairman
and the Associate
Chairman.
In addition,
the
following
staff help in generating
proposals,
smoothly
implementing
projects
and handling
intellectual
property
rights:
a)
Associate
faculty from various departments-to
proposals
and have discussions
with potential
at the Institute;
INDIAN
INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE,
BANGALORE.
generate
and evaluate
clients on the expertise
INDIA
MANAGING
b)
UNIVERSITY
CSIC
INTERACTIONS
Scientific
staff-to
assist
the Chairman
in convening
committee
meetings
to evaluate
proposals,
interfacing
and consultants
in technical
and administrative
matters,
the creation
c)
- INDUSTRY
of databases
Administrative
implementation
and
CSIC
staff-to
provide
of consultancy
technical
with clients
organising
publications;
efficient
work.
office
support
for the smooth
In order to provide
a greater
thrust to Institute-Industry
holds Industry-IISc
meets, with the help of the concerned
interactions,
departments.
Several such meets have been held in the recent past, often in conjunction
with scientific and technical
conferences,
seminars and workshops.
In a mayor
event held on 2”d March
1997 to mark the Golden
Jubilee
of India’s
Independence,
the Prime Minister
visited the Institute and dedicated
to the
nation the following
technologies
developed
with industrial
collaboration.
+
HIV peptide-based
+
Biomass
+
Ceramics
CSIC
Institute
kit
gasifier
of yttrium
strives
who
diagnostic
work
iron
garnets
(YAG)
to continuously
provide
on industrial
consultancy
for microwave
incentives
devices
to the faculty
projects.
of the
The technical
and
professional
fees charged
by the faculty
contribute
to the personal
remuneration
earned by them. Special provision is also made for remunerating
the support staff and students of the Institute for their assistance
in consultancy
projects.
Technology
transfer
and
intellectual
property
rights,
orising
out of the
R&D work of IlSc faculty under various
modes of industrial
interaction
are
primarily
handled
by CSIC.
These forms of protection
and transfer
of IPR
could arise out of personal research, sponsored
research, consultancy
projects,
or special projects such as those farmed out by the Technology
Development
Missions
of the Planning
Commission,
Government
of India.
In order to
handle such issues of IPR, the Institute has constituted
a special committee
of
professors,
along with identified
staff of CSIC. The committee
reviews patent
applications
of the faculty and interfaces
with the Institute’s
patent attorneys.
Generally
speaking,
the intellectual
rights arising out of an industry-sponsored
project are held jointly between IlSc and the concerned
industry.
In the case
of transfer of technology
to an industrial
client, the terms of payment are so
determined
depending
as to include an initial lump sum and a predetermined
on the technology
being transferred.
CSIC also brings
out some useful publications
on the Institute’s
royalty,
research
and development
capabilities.
The periodic
publications
of CSIC include a
quarterly
R&D magazine
titled “Inseight”
and a weekly calendar
of events in
the Institute.
The periodic
publications
brought
out by CSIC have included
INDIAN
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OF SCIENCE.
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17
INDIA
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INTERACTIONS
along with its own profile,
a faculty
profile,
facilities
profile,
consultancy
projects
profile,
and pamphlets
on the various
products
and processes
developed
in the Institute.
Society
for Innovation
and Development
(SID)
The Indian Institute of Science is now playing a proactive
role in the
the fact
economic
development
of the society and nurturing
it. It recognises
that the utilisation
of research and development
resources
in an efficient and
effective way is crucial when market forces, correct time horizons and synergy
with business R&D specialisations
will be a dominant
trend of the future.
It is
hence considered
important
to develop
positive
levels of synergy between
institutions
and industry for improved
competitiveness
and efficiency.
IlSc
has been
a window
emphasis
has created the Society for Innovation
and Development
(SID) which
registered
under the Karnataka
Societies Registration
Act, to act as
for interaction
with the world of business and industry. The primary
has been to proactively
and aggressively
develop
its role to new
possibilities,
the primary emphasis being on development
of ways that support
the Institute and Industry and also support its primary mission of academic
and basic R&D activities
and also enhance
the Institute’s
role and image in
society.
resources
It does so by packaging
and projecting
the human and material
of the Institute in an industry-friendly
as well as a faculty-friendly
way.
SID has provided
avenues for beneficial,
productive
and remunerative
use of the scientific
and technological
R&D activities
at IISc. It operates
with
its structure
of a Governing
Board, a Finance Committee,
an Investment
Committee,
a Management
Committee
and the Chief Executive, maintaining
a strong symbiotic
relationship
with IISc. In the recent past, SID has initiated
about 80 project activities
centred around
individuals
or groups of faculty
from
IISc, with
arrangements
meet specific
or without
collaboration
from
which SID has with companies
requirements.
They have taken
outside
organisations.
The
vary as they are designed
to
some of the following
forms:
+
A research
contract
where companies
pay in full for work carried
out
in pursuit of defined
obiectives.
The companies
have non-exclusive,
and in some cases exclusive,
rights to any resulting intellectual
property,
subject to mutual agreement
on the royalties
payable.
+
An R&D arrangement
covered by research
defined
products
and processes,
where
directed towards developing
the company
meets all the
direct costs plus overheads
and undertakes
research
jointly with IISc.
The resulting
intellectual
property
and benefits
are shared
between
the company
and IISc. Royalty sharing
is negotiated
on a commercial
basis.
+
An
INDIAN
umbrella
arrangement
INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE.
covered
BANGALORE.
by
a
memorandum
of
18
INDIA
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MANAGING
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- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
understanding
for a company
to sponsor
research
relevant
to its
strategic
business
interest,
where
specific
research
objectives
are
progressively
defined
in the light
of technical
and commercial
developments.
Intellectual
property
developed
in the course
of the
collaboration
is offered
to the company
on a right of first-refusal
basis
for commercialisation
or application
through
a licensing
agreement.
Royalties
+
and
fees
are
negotiated
on a commercial
basis.
SID has also initiated
programme
units, which are enterprise
groups,
to serve as yet another avenue for Institute-Industry
collaboration.
These
work groups
are formed
with faculty
from different
disciplines
and
departments
with and without outside industry participation.
The groups
work in close cooperation
to conduct
R&D in industry-relevant
areas.
Specifically,
the enterprise
groups
of programme
units aim at
.:.
identifying
research
+
further developing
and transforming
academic
research in technology
area which can be exploited
by Industry into marketable
services
9
fostering
closer
its focus
technology.
suitable
activities
projects
and coordinating
on their technology
focus
links with Industry
Such programme
units in future could
interdisciplinary
in the commercial
ultimately
develop
development
of
into independent
profit centres in collaboration
with SID. Some of the present programme
units are Consortium
for Research and Innovation
in Signal Processing (CRISP)
in the area of signal processing,
F-Cube in the area of Fracture,
Fatigue and
Finite Element analysis,
SuTRA for sustainable
transformation
of rural areas,
etc.
SID has also
promoted
the creation
of R&D
programme
jointly between IlSc and national
and international
organisations.
R&D programmes
include the setting up of world-class
research
by designated
sponsors
of both collaborative
of mutual interest.
Advanced
in IlSc and then undertaking
and contract
Product
joint
types to develop
Design
centres
These joint
laboratories
R&D programmes
products/and
and Prototyping
and
processes
(APDAP)
APDAP is a joint venture
between
the Indian Institute of Science (IISc)
and the Tata Consultancy
Services (TCS) established
in 1996.
It is the first
commercial
venture in India between an educational
institution
and a private
organisation.
functions
APDAP
APDAP’s
compete
needs
INDIAN
is registered
are akin to those
mission
in the tough
of industries
INSTITUTE
as an Association
of an independent
is to enable
international
in the areas
the
Indian
market:
of design,
OF SCIENCE,’
of Persons
private
manufacturing
to cater
analysis,
BANGALORE.
and
all its
company.
to the large
prototyping
industry
to
and varied
and testing;
19
INDIA
0
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
and to augment
brings together
- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
the limited in-house
resources of various industries.
APDAP
the technical
knowledge
base of IlSc and the engineering
skills of TCS.
APDAP offers
industries,
primarily
a wide variety of engineering
in the automotive,
consumer,
sectors.
The key services offered
engineering,
rapid prototyping,
engineering.
Centre
for Continuing
The Centre
by APDAP
manufacture
Education
was established
in 1975
services to a spectrum
of
electrical
and electronic
include product design, reverse
of tools and dies, and value
(CCE)
with the primary
objective
of making
the resources
of the Institute
available
for updating
the knowledge
of
professionals
in industry,
R&D laboratories
and other organisations.
The
current activities
of the Centre include programmes
leading to the award of
degrees,
under the Quality
Improvement
Programme
(QIP) supported
by the
Ministry of Human Resources Development,
Government
of India. The Centre
also organises
short-term
intensive
of two weeks duration,
for teachers
training
and refresher
as well as professionals
courses,
normally
from industry and
R&D organisations.
These courses may be sponsored
by various government
agencies or they could be self-supporting
courses wherein the required finances
are essentially
realised from the participants.
Several of these courses have
been designed
exclusively
for particular
organisations
to meet their specific
needs.
A Curriculum
Development
Cell functioning
under CCE
various activities related to curriculum
development
for engineering
These activities
include
sponsoring,
text-book
writing, development
undertakes
education.
of audio-
visual aids and laboratory
experiments
and rendering
support for short-term
visits. PROFICIENCE,
a joint venture
between
the Institute
and several
professional
institutions
in Bangalore,
offers semester-long
courses in areas
of topical
interest to professionals
from industrial
and other organisations.
These courses are conducted
during evening
training
in computer
and other laboratories
hours and they include
as may be appropriate.
practical
V. SOME ILLUSTRATIVE
SUCCESS STORIES
Over
the
strengthened
have been
past
25
years,
the
Institute
has
continuously
and diversified
its interactions
with industry, Over
successfully
completed
for industry,
government
organisations.
These projects have been channelised
through
Scientific
and Industrial
Consultancy
(CSIC) and have involved
functional
tasks:
INDIAN
INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE.
BANGALORE.
promoted,
2000 projects
and research
the Centre for
the following
20
INDIA
n
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
+
Advice
on R&D
+
Systems
+
Software
+
Product
design
+
Transfer
of technology
+
Model
+
Evaluation
and diagnostics
+
Manpower
development
design
- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
and analysis
development
and development
investigations
The following
paragraphs
give some illustrative
interactions
in the diverse areas of science, engineering
examples
of the Industry
and technology.
These
“success stories”
are by no means exhaustive
but are merely
of the multi-faceted
endeavours
of the Institute faculty.
Silicon-based
representative
Materials
One of the most significant
contributions
of the Institute has been the
development
and transfer of know-how
for the manufacture
of silicon-based
materials.
Recognising
silicon-based
materials
the importance
of high-purity
silicon
for Indian industry, this R&D programme
as well as of
was pioneered
at IlSc by a couple of professors
in the Department
of Inorganic
and Physical
Chemistry
and of Physics.
Their project was subsequently
sponsored
and
funded by a private chemical
company.
As a result of this sustained
research
partnership
with Industry,
methods
for the preparation
of several siliconbased materials
were successfully
standardized.
Some of these products
include silicon tetrachloride,
trichlorosilane,
ethyl silicate, silicon nitride, and
electronic
grade high-purity
silicon.
Indeed, the work. of the IlSc scientists led
to the development
of “indigenous
know-how”
for the technology,
and the
establishment
grade silicon
partner.
of a major chemical
industry for the production
of electronicand other silicon-based
materials
by the sponsoring
industry
Subsequently,
a separate
company
was established
as a subsidiary
of the sponsoring
chemical
company
to focus efforts on the manufacture
of
electronic-grade
silicon and downstream
products.
‘This company
has been
manufacturing
and marketing
electronic-grade
polysilicon
single crystals and
wafers, and has also been paying royalty to the Institute for the commercial
use of the IlSc silicon
Cryogenic
taken
technology.
Containers
Successful
indigenization
place in the manufacture
and transfer
of cryogenic
of technology
containers.
to Industry have
The faculty in the
Central Cryogenic
Facility at the Institute have made significant
breakthroughs
in the design and development
of super-insulated
cryogenic
containers
for
storing
liquid helium,
nitrogen,
and oxygen.
A 400-litre
capacity
superINDIAN
INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE,
BANGALORE.
21
INDIA
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- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
insulated
liquid nitrogen tank has been developed
and installed for use in the
thermal bum-in chamber for radar testing at a leading public sector electronics
Similarly,
a 200-litre
capacity
super-insulated
organisation
in Bangalore.
liquid oxygen mobile dispenser
has been designed for high acceleration
loads
(high “g” values),
and developed
as a ground
support system, to meet the
stringent defence
requirements.
Work is now under way on the performance
evaluation
and upgradation
of a 1 -litre capacity
liquid nitrogen
ecd cryostat
for a Central Government
research organization.
Under an inter-institutional
project for the development
of helium liquifier,
a loo-litre
capacity
liquid
helium storage vessel has been fabricated
and the technology
transferred
to
a public sector undertaking.
Biomass
Gasifiers
The Action
has developed
Research
Centre
the technology
in Biomass
Gasification
for the gasification
plantation
a .d agro residues,
in order
can be fed into an internal combustion
and Combustion
of bio-residues,
including
to produce
clean gaseous fuel which
engine.
In a 3.7 kwe engine system,
the diesel replacement
rates obtained
were better than 80%. The technology
of the system has been transferred
to a private industry, and more than three
hundred of these systems have been in the field, under a special programme
of the Government
India.
A similar
kwe gasifiers.
design methodology
has been adopted
for 20 kwe and 100
The higher power engines show diesel replacements
in excess
of 80%. A 100 kwe gasifier system has been in operation
in the Andaman
and Nicobar
Islands.
A 500 kwe system has been built for a private industry
in a retrofit
mode to an existing diesel engine of 70 kva capacity.
These
engines,
run in dual-fuel
mode, can generate
12-20 units per litre of diesel
with l-1.2
kg/unit of bio-residue.
In an attempt
to demonstrate
of rural communities,
unelectrified
village,
been servicing
drinking
water
the possibility
a sponsored
Hosahalli,
100
of servicing
forty-three
households
with electricity
supply from 1990, and flour milling
Peptide-based
Diagnostic
The detection
the energy
project
has been
km from Bangalore.
needs
undertaken
at an
This project
has
for lighting
from 1992.
from
1988,
Kit
of the Human
lmmunodeficiency
Virus (HIV), which
is the
causative
agent of AIDS, has become
increasingly
important
over the past
few years. A third generation
semi-quantitative
microwell
ELISA test for HIV1 and 2 antibodies
country.
Biophysics
Bangalore,
The
developed
indigenously
for the first time in the
in collaboration
with
the Molecular
Unit at the Institute, has been transferred
to a private
which has complete
facilities
for production.
The diagnostic
INDIAN
has been developed
technology,
INSTITUTE
kit is based
on synthetic
OF SCIENCE.
peptide
GANGALORE.
antigens
company
in
which specifically
22
INDIA
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MANAGING
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- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
recognize
antibodies
to two strains of the virus, HIV-1 and HIV-2.
This
commercially
launched
kit has a sensitivity
of 99.7%. Significantly,
this is the
first indigenously
after
developed
clearance
Power
HIV diagnostic
by the Drugs
Systems
Electrical
Controller
kit to be marketed
in the country
of India.
Analysis
power
generation,
transmission,
distribution,
and
utilization
in cost-effective
and efficient ways are essential for industrial
and economic
growth.
The faculty of the Institute have made very valuable
contributions
towards
the designing
and testing
of various
regional
distribution
and
transmission
systems, the evolution
of cost-effective
sub-transmission
and
distribution
systems, and towards
devising
measures
for the control
and
protection
of power systems.
Water Engineering
Water
sector
the optimal
Management
projects
and multiple
and power generation
of water resources:
Assessment
of surface
+
Project
implementation
+
Project
management.
The faculty
involved
supply
and
surface
A major
canal
area
for drinking,
elements
make
ground
water
resources
vis-a-vis
irrigation,
up the development
on the assessment
of the Department
of Civil
Engineering
at the Institute
have
phases
of development.
These include water
lift irrigation
schemes,
power
schemes,
irrigation
and ground
development
resources
Three
based
in all the above
schemes,
projects,
of water
purposes.
+
been
play a key role in national
utilization
water
of activity
assessment,
has
been
the
and project
hydraulics
reviews.
of cross-country
pipelines,
with particular
focus on pumping
mains.
The application
areas
are urban and industrial
water supply schemes,
cooling
water system for
power plants, and lift irrigation
schemes. Experience
has centred around the
development
of technology
for the design and implementation
of surge
protection
systems for large pumping
mains. In the related area of modelling
urban
water
model
supply
distribution
system,
the Institute
of the water
distribution
system
for Bangalore
In recent
years,
the Institute
has developed
a complex
City.
has been associated
with the improvement
of canal irrigation
service in existing irrigation
schemes through the national
water management
project and the water resources
consolidation
project,
both aided by the World Bank.
The Institute has also played an important
role
in the
assessment
In all,
INDIAN
development
in hard
of the
the Institute
INSTlTUlE
methodology
for
regional
ground
water
projects
in the
rock areas.
faculty
OF SCIENCE.
have
undertaken
over
BANGALORE.
INDIA
120
23
P
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
water sector throughout
the country.
The client organizations
for these projects
included
private sector companies,
autonomous
corporations
and boards,
government
departments,
public sector units, and R&D laboratories.
Power
Electronics
The faculty members in the Power Electronics Group (PEG) at the Institute
have made pioneering
contributions
in the areas of power converters,
industrial
drives,
and power
electronics
applications
to power quality
issues.
The
developmental
work of this group spans the analysis,
modelling,
simulation,
design,
fabrication,
and evaluation
of power
electronic
systems.
The maior contributions
to industry have been towards the development
of resonant
converters,
furnace
power supplies,
switched
reluctance
motor
drives,
induction
motor drives and DSP controllers.
A 600 W prototype
resonant
transition
converter
was successfully
developed
for Industry.
Technology
for the control of a 24-pulse
converter
for 10 MW dc furnace was
developed
and t ransferred
largest indigenous
furnace
reluctance
motor drives
engineered
prototype.
development
of control
Amongst
the important
to IGBT-based
inverters
to 100 KW; DSP-based
to industry,
of its kind.
resulting
Gradual
have led to the successful
demonstration
of an
The PEG has made significant
contributions
in the
schemes and controllers
for induction
motor drives.
know-hows
transferred
to Industry are those relating
for induction
motor drives, covering
power level up
hardware
for vector control of induction
motors and
permanent
magnet
synchronous
motors;
with induction
motor drives.
Recognizing
for motor
hardware
tailor
in the manufacture
of the
developments
in switched
and simulation
of traction
drives
the need for fast digital controllers
drives and converters,
the faculty have designed DSP-based controller
jointly with a number of companies,
who are working
with IlSc to
controllers
Structural
to meet their
specific
needs.
Analysis
Computational
methods find a primary
role in structural
analysis and
design in civil, mechanical,
and aerospace
engineering.
The Institute faculty
pioneered
R&D in computational
structural
mechanics
over the past three
decades
with special emphasis
on versatile
Finite Element Methods
(FEM).
Several industrial
units sought their advice for various purposes.
IlSc faculty
provided
technical
advice
on the analysis
and design,
development
of
customized
software packages,
and manpowertraining.
In-house competence
exists at IlSc in all areas of structural
analysis,
such as linear, non-linear
(material
of metallic
and geometric),
dynamics,
and fibre-reinforced
viscoelastic/plastic
composite
and fracture
mechanics
structures.
Experimental
stress analysis facilities exist at IlSc covering the conventional
With the increasing
reliability
of
strain gauge and photoelastic
methods.
computational
methods,
the emphasis
has shifted from R&D in the above
INDIAN
INSTITUTE
OF
SCIENCE.‘GANGALORE.
24
INMA
ii
areas to static, dynamic and fatigue testing. The laboratories
in the Aerospace,
Mechanical,
Metallurgy
and Civil Engineering
Departments
have MTS, lnstron
and Dartec facilities
for static tests up to 50 tonnes and fatigue tests up to
37.5 tonnes.
These facilities
can carry out fatigue,
fracture
mechanics,
and
crack-growth
measurements
under programmable
loading.
Non-destructive
testing facilities support defect identification
and assessment
using ultrasonic,
x-ray,
acoustic
impact,
activity
based
The faculty members
of the structural
analysis group have formed an
named “fcube”
(fatigue, fracture and finite element analysis) for groupindustrial
collaboration.
Geotechnical
and acoustic
emission
techniques.
Engineering
The faculty of the Civil Engineering
contributions
in the area of geotechnical
Department
have made pioneering
engineering.
Soil investigations,
analysis,
and recommendations
for the design
of foundotions
and
superstructures
have been offered to a large number of clients in the public
and the private sectors.
The innovative
approaches
evolved
by the Institute
faculty have been responsible
for many cost-saving
solutions for a wide range
of dams, bridges,
and multi-storeyed
buildings.
Important
earthquake
carried
out
investigations
have
engineering,
wherein
to test the resistance
also
been
carried
out
in the area
of
simulations
and predictions
have been
of power plants and irrigation
dams to
earthquakes.
Noise Control
The Institute faculty have made very significant
contributions
consultancy
projects
in the area of noise control.
A few success
highlighted
in the following
paragraphs.
H’ rg h- pressure
produces
extremely
through
stories are
steam venting in chemical plants and steam power stations
high noise levels. Efficient silencers have been designed
and developed,
and these are in use for over two decades
in public sector
fertiliser
and heavy electrical
companies.
Recently, a user-friendly
software
has been developed
for the design of silencers for high-pressure
venting and
industrial
fans and blowers.
In the automotive
sector,
exhaust
mufflers
designed
by the
IlSc faculty
have been widely used on two-wheelers
and three-wheelers
as well as on
passenger
cars manufactured
by Indian companies.
In one instance,
such
mufflers have been used on diesel cars in order to meet international
standards
on pass-by noise. Exhaust systems have been designed
and are in successful
operation
for over a decade at a public-sector
aerospace
laboratory’s
acoustic
test facility for the reduction
of noise by over 50 decibels.
The Institute
INDIAN
INSTITUTE
has also contributed
OF SCIENCE.
significantly
BANGALORE,
to the design
of acoustic
25
INDIA
P
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
test facilities.
A private sector automobile
manufacturer
has utilised
IlSc
know-how
to build a large hemi-anechoic
room for testing full-scale
vehicles
and engines according
to international
standards.
This is probably the largest
such test facility in South East Asia.
Wind
Tunnel
Facmty
Aerodynamic
their components
of flight vehicles.
pressure scanning
testing and evaluation
of flight vehicle configurations
and
constitute
a crucial phase in the design and development
The tests involve
six component
force measurements,
and flow-visualisation
studies
of flight
vehicle
models
and
their components.
Such tests are undertaken
at the large Open Circuit Wind
Tunnel at the Department
of Aerospace
Engineering.
Over the last several
years, around
forty such projects have been completed
at this Facility.
The
Facility is well equipped
with strain gauge type balances,
pressure scanning
equipment
and other instrumentation
needed in this context. A fully computerbased data acquisition
system incorporating
the necessary
hardware
and
software
is available
for efficiently
conducting
these tests and analysing
the
results.
Capability
also exists for the design and development
of special
rigs, balances
and special purpose instrumentation
for unusual types of tests
like evaluation
of stability
derivatives
of flight vehicles,
performance
intakes, parachutes
and propellers.
This Facility has been extensively
use of by various aeronautical
design and development
organisations.
of air
made
VI. EPILOGUE
In keeping
with its aims and objects,
the Institute
has organised
a multi-
mode interaction
with Industry,
The Centre
for Scientific
and Industrial
Consultancy,
through which the know-how
generated
at the Institute percolates
to industry, handles about 200 projects referred to by the Industry every year.
Through
the Technology
Development
Missions
initiated
by the Planning
Commission
of the Government
of India, the Institute
has made vital
contributions
in the areas of Genetic
Engineering
and Biotechnology,
New
Materials,
and Food Processing.
An attractive
feature of these projects
is
that Industry is an equal partner in this development
work.
The Society for
Innovation
to confer
and Development
is an independent
the necessary
flexibility
in operation
timely. Some maior projects associated
mention are the Monsanto
programme
on Aluminium
Applications
Technology.
entity created by the Institute
so that the deliverables
are
with this Society which
and the Indo-Norwegian
are worthy of
programme
The Institute has the largest computing
facility in the country
for an
academic
institution
and is a hub of activity for many academic
institutions
and computer
companies.
The campus is wired for Internet connectivity.
The
Department
INDIAN
of Biotechnology,
INSTITUTE
Government
OF SCIENCE,
BANGALORE.
of India,
has a major
umbrella
26
INDIA
ii
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
programme
at the Institute, which supports infrastructure
in the form of centres
and facilities,
research
and applications
of Biotechnology.
The Department
of Science
and Technology
of the Government
of India supports
several
individual
projects and infrastructural
facilities,
such as the Nuclear
Magnetic
Resonance
(NMR)
and the X-ray
units.
IlSc has the largest
library
in the country
devoted
to science
and
technology.
A Digital Library has been created in co-operation
with IBM. In
addition,
the National
Centre for Science Information
(NCSI), supported
by
the University
Grants
Commission
as an Inter-University
Centre,
makes
literature
searches
avallable
to university
teachers
across
the nation.
The Institute maintains
an extraordinarily
fruitful
relationship
with the
Indian Space Research Organisation
(ISRO) and the Defence
Research and
Development
Organisation
(DRDO).
The IISc-ISRO Cell co-ordinates
projects
of vital importance
to the Department
of Space, Government
of India.
The
mandate
Centre.
for the Cell is being expanded
to a Satellite Applications
The Joint Advanced
Technology
Programme
handles
relevance
to defence
Technology
projects
of
estoblishments.
Centres for Excellence
in Solid State Chemistry,
Computational
Fluid
Dynamics,
Condensed
Matter Theory and Technical Acoustics
have also been
established
at the Institute.
The Centre for Electronics
Design and Technology
IS a unique
entrepreneurs
industry.
venture
supported
by the Swiss Government,
are trained
on projects
of direct relevance
Attention
to societal
The Centre for Application
where potential
to the electronic
needs is yet another facet of the Institute’s activities,
of Science and Technology
to Rural Areas (ASTRA)
has, as its main focus, the development
of India’s
rural areas.
A new
programme
SuTRA (Sustainable
Transformation
for Rural Areas) has just been
launched.
with
In all these
endeavours
of fostering
external
interactions,
Industry, the Institute has realised that an appropriate
venture
especially
has to be
built, based on communication,
faculty and Industry professionals.
cooperation
and confidence
between
IlSc
Perhaps, one of the reasons for the relatively
slow
interaction
growth
R&D planning
of Institute-Industry
in Industry.
has been
With the recent economic
the lack
reforms
of long-term
and liberalisation,
one can hope for a quickening
of the technological
innovation
processes
in
Indian industry.
On its part, IlSc is constantly
striving to improve
its R&D
infrastructure,
including
those relating to the administration
and management
of research
and development,
so that it can respond
even more quickly,
adapting
itsen to the nation’s R&D challenges
in general and to Industry R&D
requirements
in particular.
It has been said that one of the most characteristic
INDIAN
INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE.
BANGALORE.
features
of excellence
27
INDIA
P
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
A
is its impermanence.
The Institute is dedicated
to disproving
this statement.
Conceived
in the final years of the nineteenth
century,
the Institute
has
maintained
its excellence
in every sphere of its activity throughout
the twentieth
century,
and
technological
appears
poised
accomplishments
to scale greater
heights
in the new millennium.
Table
of scientific
and
1
DIRECTORS
1909-l
4
1915-21
1922-33
1933-37
1939-48
M. W. Travers
A. G. Bourne
M. 0. Forster
C. V. Roman
J. C. Ghosh
M. S. Thacker
S. Bhagavantam
S. Dhawan
1949-55
1957-62
1962-8
1971-72
1981-84
1984-94
D.K. Banerjee
S. Ramaseshan
C. N. R. Rao
G. Padmanaban
Goverdhan
Mehta
1
1994-98
Since 1998
Table 2
IISc AT A GLANCE
DIVISIONS
AND DEPARTMENTS/CENTRES/UNlTS
DIVISION
BC
BIC
OF BIOLOGICAL
Degrees
CAF
Centrol
CES
MCB
Centre for Ecological
Dept. of Microbiology
Scs.
& Cell Biology
MBU
Molecular
Unit
MRDG
Centre
INDIAN
Animal
Facility
Biophysics
for Molecular
INSTITUTE
SCIENCES
Academics
SC/Tech Officers
Dept. of Biochemistry
Bioinformatics
Centre
Reproduction,
OF SCIENCE.
BANGALOR
awarded
Publications
Visitors
50
16
29
166
60
Development
and Genetics
28
E. INDIA
P
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
- INDUSTRY
DIVISION
CEDT
Centre
CSA
Dept. of Computer
ECE
Dept. of Electrical
Dept. of Electrical
EE
HV
INTERACTIDNS
OF ELECTRICAL
for Electronics
Design
Science
Academics
& Automation
Sci./Tech
Communication
Engg.
Dept. of High Voltage
SCIENCES
& Tech.
Engg.
66
Officers
36
Degrees awarded
Publications
220
169
Visitors
Engg.
36
DMSION OF PHYSICALAND MATHEMATICALSCIENCES
AAP
Astronomy
& Astrophysics
Programme
52
Academics
Central Cryogenic
Facility
Centre for Theoretical
Studies
SC/Tech Officers
31
Degrees
35
FLS
Foreign
Publications
TI
CCF
CTS
Longuages
Section
IN
TIFR-IISc Maths. Programme
Dept. of Instrumentation
Maths
Dept. of Mathematics
Phy
Dept. of Physics
IPC
Dept. of Inorganic
MRC
oc
Chemistry
Materials Research Centre
Dept. of Organic Chemistry
sscu
Solid State & Structural
DIVISION
Chemistry
OF CHEMICAL
COE
Facility
Centre of Excellence
Academics
SC/‘Tech Officers
Degrees awarded
39
18
28
288
Instruments
DIVISION
68
Visitors
in Chemistry
OF MECHANICAL
AE
Dept. of Aerospace
CAOS
Centre
for Atmospheric
113
&
Scs.
ChE
Ci
Dept. of Civil Engineering
Sci/Tech
Officers
Degrees
owarded
Engg.
for Product
SCIENCES
Academics
Engg.
Dept. of Chemical
Centre
SCIENCES
& Physical
Publications
Sophisticated
CPDM
180
132
Visitors
Unit
SIF
Oceanic
awarded
49
Publications
195
302
Design
34
& Mfg
ME
Dept. of Mechanical
MS
Dept. of Management
Engg.
Studies
Dept. of Metallurgy
Met
CENTRES
ASTRA
Centre
for Application
Technology
Centre
Centre
CCE
CSIC
INDIAN
of Science &
for Continuing
Education
for Scientific & Industrial
INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE,’
8
Academics
to Rural Areas
BANGALORE.
Sci/Tech
Officers
29
INDIA
P
-.-._ -.
..__
-_.
“. ----
l_-l _.._--..-
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
NCSI
Consultancy
National
Centre
SERC
Information
Supercomputer
Research
- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
Degrees
awarded
2
for Science
Education
Publications
39
Visitors
90
&
Centre
Table 3
DEGREE PROGRAMMES
RESEARCH
Ph.D.*
Integrated
Ph.D.+
5
7
12
64
Residential Yrs
Course Credit
requirements
M.Sc.
2
12
where
Biochemistry
Ecological
Microbiology
1 l/2
48
48
3A
the Programmes
&
Cell Biology
0
Molecular
Biophysics
Molecular
Reproduction,
Development
0
& Genetics
Inorganic
& Physical
Materials
Research
Chemistry
Astronomy
0
0
0
Organic Chemistry
Solid State & Structural
0
Chemistv
& Astrophysics
0
0
Instrumentation
0
Mathematics
0
0
Physics
Computer
Science&
Automation
Electrical
Communication
Electrical
Engg.
Electronics
Design
Engg.
0
0
0
0
Sciences
Engg.
0
0
0
Civil Engg.
INSTITUTE
0
&
Research
Aerospace
Engg.
Atmospheric
& Oceanic
Chemical
0
0
& Technology
High Voltage Engg.
Supercomputer
Education
INDIAN
1/2’/2
0
0
Sciences
OF SCIENCE.
M.Des.v
(Ew.)*
Table
Departments/Centres/Units
COURSES
M.E..
M.Tech..
BANGALORE,
INDIA
are Offered
2
64
MANAGING
Management
Mechanical
UNIVERSITY
- INDUSTRY
Studies
Engg.
Metallurgy
Areas of Specialisation
Aerospace
Chemical
Civil
INTERACTIONS
0
0
*
0
*
A
n
n
*
Table 3B
in M.E./M.Tech./M.Des.
Programmes
Engineering
Structures,
Aerodynamics,
Control
and Guidance
v
Degree
Propulsion,
of Aircraft,
Rockets and Spacecraft
Chemical
Reaction
Engineering,
Thermodynamics,
Transfer
Processes
Engineering
in
Multiphase
Systems,
Fluid Mechanics,
Process Dynamics,
Control
and
Optimization,
Emulsions,
Colloids
and
Suspensions,Granular
Flows, Molecular
Simulations
Geotechnical
Engineering,
Engineering
Hydromechanics
and Water Resources
Engineering,
Structural
Engineering.
Computer
Automation
Electrical
Science
&
Theoretical
Softw are,
Computer
Architecture,
Distributed
Computing,
Intelligence
and Expert
Manufacturing
Systems
Computer
Applications
Systems and Drives
Engineering
Electronics
Design
Systems
Parallel
and
Artificial
Systems,
and Robotics
in Power
&
Technology
HighVoltage
Computer
Science,
Software
Engineering,
Engineering
Telematics,
Power Electronics,
Instrumentation
and Electromechanics
High Voltage
Apparatus,
EHV
Transmission,Over-voltage
henomena,
Protection,Numerical
Electromagnetics
relevant
to HV Engineering,
reakdown
Phenomena,
GIS and Insulation
Engineering
Analytical
Instrumentation,
Electronic
Instrumentation,
Lasers and Optical
Instrumentation,
Solar Energy and
Thermal
Instrumentation,
Vacuum
and
Thin Film Techniques
Instrumentation
INDIAN
INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE,
BANGALORE.
31
INDIA
P
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
Management
- INDUSTRY
Studies
Manufacturing
Mechanical
Engineering
Engineering
INTERACTIONS
Human
Resources
Management,
Finance,
Marketing,
Applied
Operations
Research,
Operation
Management
Manufacturing
Engineering
Internal
Combustion
Engines and
Technical
Acoustics,
Metal Casting
and
Manufacturing,
Mechanical
Systems
Analysis
and Design;
Thermal
Science
and Energy Systems Engineering
Alloy Design and Processing,
Chemical
Metallurgy
Microelectronics
Systems
and Extractive
Metallurgy
CAD, VLSI Gate Arrays, ASICs,
Switching
Theory & VLSI, Low Power
VLSI Circuits,Mixed
Product Design
Engineering
Mode
VLSI Circuits
and
(for M.Des.
degree)
Satellite
Technology
Applications
Singal Processing
&
Product
Design
and
Satellite
Technology
Engineering
and Applications
Digital
Signal Processing,lmage
Processing,
Singal Compression,
Neural
Networks,
Biomedical
Processing,Speech
Information
Processing,
ArrayProcessing,
Signal
Pattern
Recognition
Systems
Signal
Neural
Science
& Technology
INS-
Artificial
Intelligence,
Manufacturing
Systems,
Robotics,
Computer
Vision,
Decision
and Control
Theory
Microwave
Communication;
Digital
Communication,
Communication,
Networks;
Optical
Communication
Telecommunication
INDIAN
Processing,
Networks,
OF SCIENCE,
BANQALORE.
32
INDIA
P
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
Table. 4
STUDENTS
Continuing
Admissions
Education
1226
398
Research
Integrated
Ph.D.
M.E./M.Tech.
Participants:
Quality Improvement
115
31
252
M.E./M.Tech.
506
Programme
Short Term
44
263
920
Proficience
1
External
Registration
Courses
559
164
R&D Organisations.
Industries:
Electronics/Electrical
126
Level:
Integrated
M.E.
Postgraduate
Research
6
Mechanical/
Metallugical
Others
Offered
6
33
452
74
26
I
Scholarships/
Fellowships
I
Hostel
Accommodation:
1440
IISC
39
UGC.
CSIR.
Others
1375
Men
Women
1168
Boarding
130
103
Messes
305
3
Placement
254
INDIAN
INSTlTUTE
Students
registered
Organisations
visited
380
Placement
254
I
OF SCIENCE.
secured
64
33
BANGAimORE. INDIA
P
MANAGING
UNIVERSITY
- INDUSTRY
INTERACTIONS
ACADEME
Table
5
Publications
634
471
39
Science
Engineering
Others
1144
Total
Table
6
Awards/Distinctions
Fellows
National
4
Academies
6
Others
Memberships
Professorships
Lectureships
13
2
Awards
10
19
Medals/Prizes
12
INDIAN
INSTITUTE
OF SCIENCE,
BANOALORE.
34
INDIA
P