SECTION 15400 - FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
SECTION
DESCRIPTION
15401
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
15402
FIRE PROTECTION DESIGN CRITERIA
15403
SPRINKLER EQUIPMENT
15404
FIRE PUMPS
15405
STANDPIPE AND FIRE HOSE EQUIPMENT
15406
PORTABLE EXTINGUISHERS AND CABINETS
15407
ALARM EQUIPMENT
15408
SYSTEM ACTIVATION, TESTING AND CERTIFICATION
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SECTION 15400 - FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS
15401 - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
A
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.
The fire protection system shall be designed, fabricated, and installed by a Licensed or NICET Fire Protection
System Contractor. The engineer shall provide specifications and diagrams to allow letting of a design-build
contract for the fire protection portion of the project. The entire system design, material use and installation shall
comply with FM Global Engineering requirements as a minimum.
Simon Property Group’s Insurance plan review group contact is Global Risk Consultants.
Bill Cary : (480)926-8858
2.
The typical sprinkler system shall be a wet pipe system serving all areas of the building. Portions of the project
that are unheated or exposed to freezing temperatures shall be provided with an automatic dry pipe type system
complying with FM guidelines and NFPA 13. Glycol systems may also be allowed if all system equipment is
located in areas accessible to service personnel.
3.
Piping shall be fastened to the structural system of the building and concealed in areas having a suspended
ceiling. Provide for seismic bracing where seismic zones, local codes, or FM Global requirements.
4.
Drain piping is required at low points of piping systems. Drain down locations shall be extended to locations that
are accessible to Mall staff or stubbed out of the building into an area that will not be subject to freezing or stain
the finished surfaces. For dry type systems, drumdrips shall be installed against columns and out of usable space.
5.
Each sprinkler zone will require a zone valve. Valve shall be provided with a flow switch and shall have its
position monitored by the Mall Fire Alarm system. Install fire department connection valves in piping where
required. Valves are to be kept to a minimum and shall not be provided for each tenant without permission from
SPG.
6.
Provide inspectors test connections in accordance with FM Global requirements and local regulations. Drains
and test connections shall be discharged with minimum visibility to the public. All discharges shall be arranged
to minimize damage to the building and finished site improvements.
7.
Air compressors for dry pipe systems shall be complete with integral air filter, air dryer piped inline on discharge
side of compressor, pressure gauge, pressure/limit switch, check valve, across the line starter and induction
motor; all mounted on a steel base plate. Controls shall be factory wired.
B.
FIRE PROTECTION FOR TENANTS
1.
Provide complete fire protection for each tenant space unless directed by SPG to have the tenant provide its own
grid. When the tenant is to provide their own grid, a blind flange shall be provided in each tenant space for future
connection by the tenant. In no case shall blind flanges be provided at greater than 30’ on center.
2.
Provide all tenant areas with a fire protection system consistent with the hazard rating as required by FM Global
guidelines and NFPA Codes. When provided as a part of the base system installation, sprinkler heads in tenant
areas shall be upright type mounted within the code required distance of structure. This system shall be installed
with sprinkler heads installed on a 1” pipe nipple with reducer , rather than installing sprinklers directly to the
branch line.
3.
Provide a unit cost per square foot to install a standard upright head grid in unleased tenant space prior to
opening if the local authority requires complete coverage to obtain a Certificate of Occupancy.
4.
Provide a unit cost to drain down and refill a sprinkler zone prior to opening to allow tenant systems to be made
active prior to opening after the base system is completed.
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5.
C.
Provide a unit cost per head to modify an existing upright head system installed in a tenant space to lower the
grid to a finished ceiling system.
FIRE PROTECTION FOR MALL COMMON AREAS
1.
The design shall not require access of equipment, valves or devices through or within tenant spaces.
2.
Provide all areas with a fire protection system classified as Ordinary Hazard, Group 2 as a minimum and to meet
any classification required for the hazard rating expected consistent with FM Global guidelines and NFPA Codes.
3.
Provide a unit price for adding sprinkler heads in the common area to allow for aesthetic adjustments.
4.
Provide a unit cost per hour for a technician to be on site during Mall Grand Opening hours.
5.
In mall renovation projects, the design shall match the existing hazard rating where the mall is zoned with
adjoining tenant spaces. In renovation projects where the mall common area is served from a dedicated zone
riser, the new sprinkler design shall be reviewed for compliance with FM Global requirements for new
construction with respect to Ordinary Hazard Group 2 requirements. An analysis must be prepared for SPG
review to determine if the increased requirements are attainable prior to final design.
D.
FIRE PROTECTION FOR EXISTING SPRINKLER SYSTEMS
1.
Whenever an existing sprinkler system is being renovated the integrity and reliability of the existing system must
be maintained. Original sprinkler shop drawings shall be acquired through the mall manager/project manager.
However, the sprinkler contractor must verify the existing sprinkler system in field. If the sprinkler contractor
discovers a discrepancy from the original sprinkler shop drawings and actual field conditions, he shall note the
discrepancy on his renovated shop drawings.
2.
The hydraulic design criteria shall match the existing hydraulic design of the original sprinkler design. However,
the design criteria must minimally meet requirements for an ordinary hazard group 2 occupancy, whether in a
tenant space or common area of the mall. The latest site water flow data to be used for hydraulic calculations
shall be obtained from Global Risk Consultants.
3.
Factory Mutual approved materials for ordinary hazard group 2 occupancy must be used, including but not
limited to sprinkler piping, hangers, sprinkler heads, etc.
4.
Sprinkler head spacing requirements for ordinary hazard group 2 occupancy shall be used.
5.
NFPA 13 and FM Global Data Sheets 2-8N latest editions shall be the minimum design requirements along with
any state and local requirements.
6.
A minimum of (5) sets of shop drawings along with hydraulic calculations (if applicable) shall be submitted to
Global Risk Consultants for approval. Contact Mr. Bill Cary (408) 926-8858. A minimum of (3) sets shall be
submitted to the local authorities having jurisdiction for approval. Installation/renovation of sprinkler system
shall not begin until all approvals have been received.
15402 - FIRE PROTECTION DESIGN CRITERIA
A.
General
1.
Sprinkler head arrangement shall be in conjunction with architectural finishes and provide allowance for
partitions, columns, light fixtures, air diffusers, etc. The sprinkler contractor shall submit dimensioned head
layout plans showing all other trade equipment for SPG review prior to installation. SPG and the Architect
reserve the right to modify head locations to create an aesthetic design.
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2.
The fire protection sprinkler zones must be consistent with HVAC smoke zones if applicable. Public mall
sprinkler zones shall be separate from tenant zones. Provide separate zones for each level of the facility.
3.
Engineer shall layout only those portions of the Sprinkler System, which pertain to water service, risers, laterals
and the structural dead load allowance for such systems. Coordinate the Sprinkler System designed by the
contractor with all aspects of the building design.
4.
Sprinkler Shop Drawings shall not be considered final until all requirements of FM Global, SPG, and all Local
and State Building Codes having authority have been met, and the approval of each has been tendered.
5.
Maximum clear heights are to be maintained. In no case shall the bottom of horizontal piping be less than 13 feet
above the floor.
6.
Where lay-in type ceilings are used, require all piping and drops be located in the center of ceiling panels.
7.
Sprinkler mains serving the tenant spaces shall be sized to accommodate normal tenant requirements (including
possible special rooms, mezzanines, etc.).
8.
Locate all sprinkler valves in accessible areas, which are capable of being operated from floor level without a
ladder and out of leasable areas. Sprinkler valve rooms are preferred.
9.
Install mechanical identification and fire protection signs on piping in accordance with ANSI/NFPA/FM
requirements
10. Install pipe, tube, and fittings in accordance with Division 15 Basic Materials and Methods section.
11. Minimum and maximum sprinkler head operating pressures should be 7 psi and 60 psi (standard sprinklers)
respectively. Design of operating sprinkler pressures in the 10 to 20 psi range is ideal.
12. Design calculations for inside pipe should use C=100 for dry and pre-action systems, and C=120 for wet or
deluge systems. Underground pipe and sprinkler main velocities shall not exceed 18 fps.
13. Minimum sprinkler spacing should be 70 sq. ft. per head. The maximum spacing should not exceed 100 sq. ft.
for densities over 0.25 gpm per sq. ft.; for all other densities, the maximum spacing is 100 sq. ft.
14. FM Global required density will be 0.15 gpm per sq. ft. over the most hydraulically remote 2500 sq. ft., using ½”
orifice, 165 degree F. rated heads. Head spacing should not exceed 130 sq. ft. Optimum sprinkler operating area
should be 3000 sq. ft. unless specific approval is given otherwise for special occupancies. The most remote area
should have the dimensions parallel to the branch line of at least 1.4 times the square-root of the area. The
density design should conform to the most stringent of either FM Global or NFPA 13, Ordinary Group 2
occupancy for Retail/Common/Office and Mechanical Equipment areas.
15. An acceptable water supply for fire protection is a supply that will meet the sprinkler and hose demand in
volume, pressure, and duration at the base of the riser. A minimum duration for water supplies is 2 hours.
Where water supply is from a city system, hydraulic calculations should utilize only 90% of the supply pressure
and flow rate or a 10 psi cushion.
16. Sprinkler systems should be equipped with water gongs and alarm check valves and controlled by individual
approved control valves outside the building.
15403 - SPRINKLER EQUIPMENT
A.
GENERAL
1.
Only sprinkler equipment approved by FM Global shall be used. Provide equipment as manufactured by:
Automatic Sprinkler, Grinnel, Reliable, Viking or equal.
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B.
SPRINKLER HEADS
1.
Sprinkler heads shall be glass bulb type of a configuration as required for each particular location. All heads on
concealed piping shall be chrome plated with chrome plated escutcheon plates. Operating temperature shall be as
required for the type of occupancy.
2.
Sprinkler heads in the public mall and office areas shall be a concealed or recessed type.
3.
Sprinkler heads in the service corridors and maintenance areas shall be semi-recessed the if a finished ceiling is
installed. If these areas do not have finished ceilings, they shall be provided with upright heads.
4.
Sprinkler heads in janitors closets, mechanical rooms, electrical rooms and those mounted less than 8 feet above
finished floor shall be protected with a wire cage type guard.
C.
SPRINKLER PIPING
1.
Above ground piping less than or equal to 2” in diameter shall be schedule 40 black steel. FM approved
lightwall steel pipe may be used in sizes larger than 2”except where pipe is subject to physical damage. Lightwall
pipe should be roll grooved, not threaded. Fittings shall be cast iron or steel approved for a minimum of 175 psi
working pressure. Dry systems shall have FM Global approved galvanized piping for corrosion resistance.
2.
Anchor underground mains at turns and hydrants, consisting of concrete thrust blocks, yokes, tie rods, pipe
clamps, etc.
3.
Hangers shall be FM approved, and adaptable to various types of construction. Hangers shall be supported from
building structure and structural steel headers shall be installed for supporting crossmain hangers where main is
not directly below structural member. All hangers shall comply with FM Global guidelines.
4.
Cast iron wall plates shall be provided on exposed piping where pipe passes through walls, partitions, ceilings,
etc. and secured by setscrews.
5.
A sprinkler cabinet shall be provided adjacent to each riser and located where directed, containing 12 extra
representative sprinkler heads of each type and sprinkler wrench for emergency use.
D.
VALVES
1.
All valves and fittings shall be FM Global approved and rated 175 lb. minimum. All hose valves, hydrants,
siamese connections, etc., shall be provided with connection facilities which match hose threads of the Fire
Department serving the site.
2.
Exposed valves shall be O.S.& Y or Butterfly type and be equipped with a valve tamper switch.
3.
Check valves shall be iron body, bronze swing check for 2-1/2" and larger sizes.
4.
Sprinkler system control valves shall be indicating type, installed to control the various systems and zones as
required and be operable from outside the building.
5.
Dry pipe valves shall be differential type design, in compliance with FM Global guidelines, complete with all
trim.
6.
An approved test connection shall be provided for each system, located at the most remote point on the system,
consisting of 1 inch globe valve piped to nearest open drain. Test connection should terminate in a smooth bore
½” orifice.
7.
Siamese connections shall be FM Global approved, 2-1/2" inlet, two-way, satin chrome finished cast brass; wall
mounted, flush type with plate branded "FIRE DEPT. CONNECTION", or as required; complete with individual
clappers, check valve, ball drip and plated brass plugs with chains.
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15404 - FIRE PUMPS
1.
If necessary due to local water pressures, the engineer shall design for the installation of a fire pump. The fire pumping
system shall conform to FM Global requirements and the local Authority having jurisdiction (AHJ).
2.
The fire pump controller shall be a FM Global approved pre-wired solid state controller. Fire pump and controller may be
installed on a common base. The controller shall include the following:
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Capability of being energized automatically by water pressure switch, or manually by externally operable handle.
Water pressure switch capable of being activated ON and OFF at indicated pressures.
Running period timer capable of operating engine for (7) seven minutes when started automatically.
Pilot light to indicate circuit breaker closed and power available.
Twin battery charges capable of recharging discharged battery within twenty-four (24) hours. Alarm each
charger to detect missing battery or battery failure.
Provide additional built-in alarm functions; such as: low fuel level, low pump room temperature, reservoir low,
low suction pressure, etc.
3.
Provide a remote annunciator panel in the fire control room or as designated by SPG. Include fire pump Running, OFF
and TROUBLE, and remote fire pump control for manual start and automatic operation. The panel shall provide audible
and visible alarms for engine running, engine overspeed, low oil pressure, high water temperature, engine failed to start,
battery or charger failure.
4.
Provide a pressure maintenance pump (jockey pump) with every fire pump installation. The jockey pump shall be
centrifugal type with electric motor and conform to FM Global requirements and the local AHJ.
5.
Total demand for sprinklers and hose usage shall be met by the design curve of the fire pump. The maximum discharge
pressure (churn pressure) of a pump should be 175 psi or less. System pressures greater than 175 psi will require highpressure piping, fittings and sprinkler heads. Total demand (sprinklers and hose stream) shall not exceed 120% of the fire
pump capacity.
15405 - STANDPIPE AND FIRE HOSE EQUIPMENT
1.
A fire department supply standpipe system may be required by Code. A standpipe supply system shall be provided in
or at each stairwell of the building, or as otherwise required to provide the required coverage. The stand pipe system
shall be designed and installed in accordance with FM Data Sheet 4-4N and NFPA-14.
2.
Inside hose connections should be provided as required by local code and fire department requirements. These
connections are recommended in areas where large quantities of combustible materials can be found.
3.
Hose valves shall be FM Global approved, 300#, 2-1/2", angle type chrome plated brass with chrome plated cap and
retaining chain. Valves on concealed piping shall be provided with chrome plated escutcheon. All hose threads shall
match those of the fire department serving the site.
4.
250 gpm should be included in sprinkler system hydraulic calculations for hose streams. Where inside and outside
hose streams are available, 250 gpm total shall be used.
5.
Valve cabinets shall be recessed type in finished areas and surface mounted in unfinished areas.
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15406 - PORTABLE EXTINGUISHERS AND CABINETS
1.
Provide fire extinguishers and recessed cabinets for the mall/ common area and surface mounted extinguishers in
unfinished areas as required by NFPA 10 and governing authorities. Coordinate type, number and placement of
cabinets with Global Risk Consultants and the local authorities.
15407 - ALARM EQUIPMENT
1.
Sprinkler system flow alarms and valve supervisory switches shall be provided at all risers and for all zones. These
devices shall be connected to the fire alarm system by the Electrical Contractor. Alarm signals must be transmitted to
the SPG central station in Indianapolis or a local monitoring agency where required by local code. Supervisory
signals need not transmit off-site unless required by local authorities.
15408 - SYSTEM ACTIVATION, TESTING AND CERTIFICATION
1.
Sprinkler contractor shall install and activate the entire sprinkler system prior to the Certificate of Occupancy.
2.
All fire protection systems shall be tested as required by local authorities and Global Risk Consultants before any
systems are concealed.
3.
Contractor shall conduct hydrostatic tests in compliance with FM Global and NFPA (two hour at 200 psi or 100 psi
over normal system pressure minimum). Piping subject to freezing during test period shall be tested with compressed
air.
4.
Certificates of approval of installation shall be obtained from the Authority having jurisdiction and forwarded to SPG.
5.
After tests are conducted and any repairs completed; completely flush the piping systems with water until discharge
shows no discoloration.
6.
Sprinkler contractor shall provide hydraulic design signs posted on all riser systems.
7.
Sprinkler contractor shall provide color coded sprinkler zone charts and mount at all sprinkler riser locations.
*** END OF SECTION ***
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