PEC based Electrical Wiring Design Simulator
for Commercial Units
A Thesis Submitted to the School
In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering
by
Macenas, Beldani S.
Rabena, Joshua Bryle L.
Santos, Angelo B.
Mapúa Institute of Technology
June 2014
i
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Apart from our efforts, the success of this study cannot be fulfilled without the
encouragement and guidance of many people. We want to take this opportunity to express
our deepest gratitude to those people who help and support us in the completion of this study.
First and foremost, we would like to express our deepest appreciation to our thesis
advisers, Engr. Federico Cudia and Gorgonio Vallestero II for their continuous support of our
thesis work, for their patience, motivation, enthusiasm, and immense knowledge. Without
their constant guidance, endless advices and persistent help, this study would not have been
possible.
To the EECE faculty member, Engr. Jose Ferlino Raymundo, who gave us some
references for our study, for his knowledge and advices he imparted to us.
To Mr. Michael Angelo S. Ymana, who helped us in the coding and debugging of the
program.
To our beloved families who are always there to help and support us not only
financially but most importantly through their motivation, constant guidance, encouragement,
and love. Their presence is the reason behind our persistence to finish this dissertation.
Last but not the least, to our God Almighty, for answering our prayers for giving us
the strength to plod on despite our constitution wanting us to give up and throw in the towel,
thank you so much Dear Lord.
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE
i
APPROVAL PAGE
ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
iv
Chapter 1:
INTRODUCTION
1
Chapter 2:
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
3
2.1 The Philippine Electrical Code
3
2.2 The National Electrical Code
3
2.3 Difference between PEC and NEC
4
2.4 Electrical Wiring Design Simulator Applications
8
2.5 Operation of the electrical load calculation
9
2.6 The Programming Language and Database to be used
9
Related Studies
2.7 Design Master Electrical
11
2.8 Power Load Calculator
12
Chapter 3:
PEC BASED ELECTRICAL WIRING DESIGN SIMULATOR FOR
COMMERCIAL UNITS
Abstract
13
Introduction
13
Methodology
15
3.1 Program Development
15
3.2 General Program Flow
18
3.3 Graphical User Interface
20
iii
3.4 Dropdown lists of possible loads
23
3.5 Comparison of Software and Manual Calculation
25
3.6 Software Screenshots
29
3.7 Sample Load Calculation
32
Chapter 4:
CONCLUSION
34
Chapter 5:
RECOMMENDATIONS
35
REFERENCES
36
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A : Definition of Terms
37
APPENDIX B: Tables and Sections from PEC
38
iv
Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
Electrical design analysis is essential and is always needed for electrical contracts.
Electrical software is created to produce faster, accurate and precise results. It also provides
better time management, which plays a key role in our society.
This problem of time consuming computation has been resolved, a software used as an
estimation tool has been invented for electrical contractors to use. There are also other
programs in the market which are available but not PEC-based and some applications
require other softwares for it to be accessible which makes it more complex and are licensed
thus making it expensive.
Programs in the market are expensive and not user-friendly to the engineers, the group
decided to make a program PEC (Philippine Electrical Code) Based Electrical Wiring
Design Simulator for Commercial Units which is simple to use and Philippine Electrical
Code-based calculations which can also be useful for licensed electrical practitioners.
The objective of this research is to make a PEC based Electrical Wiring Design simulator
for commercial units. The group will test all possible load conditions and compare manual
calculations of loads. Furthermore, test on manual and software calculations would address
the effectiveness of the software.
Today’s students use estimating programs to organize and optimize their projects. The
calculation is used as a tool to speed up calculations, and there is nothing that builds the
Electrical Wiring Design Simulator can be useful in doing for calculation and estimation for
1
student and engineer in the projects that has been professionally prepared and printed using
an Electrical Wiring Design Simulator. The program that has the ability to compute conduit
sizes, using Philippine Electrical Code tables. This software will aid electrical engineering
students in analysing electrical designs and load schedules.
The software will only cover commercial unit’s electrical design analysis that could be
used by electrical students and licensed electrical. The calculations are PEC-based which
covers electrical designs. The program will be Visual Basic. The program to be created will
be PEC based computations only. The commercial buildings that will only be covered are
restaurants, offices, clubs and administration. The database to be used is Microsoft Office
Access 2007. The expenses of the equipment and illumination are not included since today’s
industries have different perspective of designing a commercial establishment as the designs
cater to technological innovation.
2
Chapter 2
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The Philippine Electrical Code
The Philippine Electrical Code is used nationally as the basis for safeguarding people,
buildings and its contents from hazards that may arise from the use of electricity. This code
contains provisions which are considered necessary for safety and thus is used as a basis for
the legal enforcement in the installation of electrical system design in the country.
(Philippine Electrical Code 2009, Part 1 Volume 1)
2.2 The National Electrical Code
The National Electrical Code (NEC), or NFPA 70, is a regionally adopted standard for
the safe installation of electrical wiring and equipment in the United States. The NEC, while
having no legal binding regulation as written, can be and often is adopted by states,
municipalities and cities in an effort to standardize their enforcement of safe electrical
practices within their respective jurisdiction. In some cases, the NEC is amended, altered
and may even be rejected in lieu of regional regulations as voted on by the governing bodies
of any given locale.
The NEC codifies the requirements for safe electrical installations into a single,
standardized source. It is part of the National Fire Codes series published by the National
Fire Protection Association (NFPA), and while not itself a U.S. law, NEC use is commonly
mandated by state or local law. (National Electrical Code 2008)
3
2.3 Difference between PEC and NEC
The main difference between the two is that the PEC calculations depend on the 120-230
V ac source and operating frequency of 60 Hz, while the NEC uses a basis of 110 V ac
source and frequencies lower than 60 Hz where the sizes of the wiring also differs from each
other’s table.
4
Table 2.3.1 NEC table of wires to its corresponding ampacities
5
Table 2.3.2 General Lighting Load for different occupancies
6
Table 2.3.3 Minimum Size Equipment Grounding Conductors
7
2.4 Electrical Wiring Design Simulator Applications
The main goal of the Electrical Wiring Design Simulator is to lessen the time needed in
processing the computation of different types of load which the students involved in the
design subject; there are some factors that make this very important to the electrical
practitioners at the present time.
As technology became part of the civilization of mankind, it developed the major key
benefit of speed. Technology makes our work easier and a lot faster. In the field of the
electrical design and construction, speed became an advantage in saving time and money in
computing and estimating the number and length of wires to be used as well as its sizes.
This is made possible with the help of a computer which is a major technical advancement
in the field of Science and Engineering.
Next, the group deals with consistency as the third main reason why Electrical Wiring
Design Simulator is very important for today’s electrical engineering students. By doing
calculations with the help of technology, it is assured that the output would be consistent
that would be very helpful in adjusting future calculations in order to avoid overruns. In
addition to that, consistency implies that a more specific estimate can be made than by just
having wild guesses.
Next, there is a reason of properly implying the importance of project management for
any construction project at hand. Various people involved will be able to help one another
in the multitude of tasks included in the whole project from start to finish with an efficient
way of creating the interface amongst each other.
8
2.5 Operation of the electrical load calculation
Electrical Load Calculation is done by using a program that will calculate the electrical
loads to be used in an electrical layout. There are many program languages readily available
in the market like C++, C#, Java, VB.net. Through a thorough research the language that
this program will be using is the VB.net or simply Visual Basic.
2.6 The Programming Language and Database to be used
Although Java can be considered as the programming language to be used in the industry,
it requires a lot of knowledge in cross platform development or web programming.
Furthermore, Java is not a fully compiled language and it uses an intermediate byte code
that is run using an interpreter.
Since the group’s knowledge in programming is limited, Visual Basic is another option.
VB may also be used for web development similar to Java, sort of the same, but different
approach for web development. An advantage of this program is that it is easier to use and
you can develop some things fairly fast.
The term “Personal Programming” refers to the idea that, wherever you work, whatever
you do, you can expand your computer’s usefulness by writing applications to use in your
own job. Personal Programming is what Visual Basic is all about.
Visual basic is not only a programming language, but also a complete graphical
development environment. This environment allows users with little programming
experience to quickly develop useful Microsoft Windows applications which have the
ability to use OLE (Object Linking and Embedding) objects, such as an Excel spreadsheet.
9
Visual basic’s main selling point is the ease with which it allows the user to create nice
looking, graphical programs with little coding by the programmer, unlike many other
languages that make take hundreds of lines of programmer keyed code.
All in all, VB is the preferred language of many future programmers. If you want to start
programming Windows, and don’t know how to start, then Visual Basic is the program for
you.
10
Related Studies
2.7 Design Master Electrical
This program is somewhat similar to the Electrical Load Calculation Simulator. Design
Master Electrical is an integrated electrical building design and drafting program that runs
on top of AutoCAD. Drafting features include light fixture layouts, one line riser diagrams,
panel schedules, fully customizable graphics, circuit looping, automatic tick marks, and
switching. Calculation features include circuit load totals, breaker sizing, feeder sizing, fault
current calculations, voltage drop, and photo-metrics.
Figure 2.1 Design Master Electrical
11
2.8 Power Load Calculator
This software is readily accessible to the public because it is a website. This tool is also
related to the proposed design which will help calculate the load on a circuit to see if it is
excessive. This software also calculates the minimum circuit breaker size for the given load.
This is very useful when its user are in pre-production as they will easily be able to calculate
in advance whether or not you will need an external generator, and how many. But this
program does not calculate sizes of wires.
Figure 2.2 Power Load Calculator
12
CHAPTER 3
PHILIPPINE ELECTRICAL CODE BASED ELECTRICAL WIRING DESIGN
SIMULATOR FOR COMMERCIAL UNITS
Abstract
Electrical Design Analysis created a program in Electrical Software which produces
faster and precise results in estimations and calculations for Electrical designs. These
programs that are available in the market are expensive and National Electrical Code (NEC)
based. The research has come up with an Electrical Wiring Design Simulator for
Commercial Establishments application using the Philippine Electrical Code. The study will
consider manual computations and compare it with the software calculation output that
would address the effectiveness software and high demand factor.
Keywords: Electrical Wiring Design Simulator, Philippine Electrical Code, demand factor
Introduction
As the technology became part of the civilization of mankind, it developed the major key
benefit of speed. Technology makes our work easier and a lot faster. In the field of the
electrical design and construction, speed became an advantage in saving time and money in
computing and estimating the number and length of wires to be used as well as its sizes.
This is made possible with the help of computer which is a major technical advancement in
the field of Science and Engineering.
13
The Electrical Wiring Design Simulator’s main goal is to lessen the time needed in
processing the computation of different types of load which the students involved in the
design subject; there are some factors that make this very important to the licensed electrical
practitioners.
The fast-paced lifestyle of today’s generation, people would settle for something that
would make their work faster and of course, accurate. With the advantage of the Electrical
Wiring Design Manager as being accurate, electrical engineering students are able to track
various multitudes of orders as well as status of the installation and stored materials by
performing a fast and accurate estimation of loads.
14
Methodology
3.1 Program Development
Figure 3.1 Program Development Flow
15
3.1.1 Review of Electrical Design based on Philippine Electrical Code
Familiarizing concepts of electrical design were essential to formulate the step-by-step
process of the program. The study requires knowledge of both construction and computation
of load schedule table and design analysis computation.
3.1.2 Structural Modeling of System Cases
This process involves the creation of different possible cases and combinations of the
required inputs. Four major cases are established, these are the types of commercial units to
be considered: restaurant, club, office and administration building.
3.1.3 Mathematical Modeling of System Cases
This process involves the formulation of equations to be used in computation for the
desired results. Different cases require different equations and concepts. The said four major
cases have different demand factors to be used and different calculation methods.
3.1.4 Testing of Sample Electrical Designs
Sample for every cases are to be tested. Different types of commercial units and different
loads are considered to test the results accuracy.
3.1.5 Comparing Program Results from Manual Computation Results
The program outcomes and results are compared to the manual computation results to see
if there are discrepancies with the values.
16
3.1.6 Data Verification
If the program gives results equal to the manual computation, the results in considered to
be valid. All the cases’ results must be proved to be valid for the program to be called
accurate.
3.1.7 Data Interpretation
This process involves the analysis of the data that the program gives. The program gives
faster and accurate results; therefore the program is time efficient and accurate.
17
3.2 General Program Flow
Figure 3.2 General Program Flow
18
3.2.1 Input Data
The user will select the type of commercial unit and input all the required data in creating
a load schedule table and design analysis.
3.2.2 Construction of Load Schedule Table
Loads that are inputted by the user is now then put in the load schedule. It includes a
circuit number, description of loads, rating, rated current, circuit breaker ratings, size of
wires and conduit size.
3.2.3 Perform Computation
The program performs two different types of computation: load schedule computation
and design analysis. For the load schedule table, the program computes for the rated current
and gives the size of the wires, conduit size and circuit breaker ratings for each load. Also
for load schedule table, it computes the overall current and gives the size of the wires,
conduit size and circuit breaker rating. For design analysis computation, the program only
computes for the overall current and gives the size of the wires, conduit size and circuit
breaker rating.
3.2.4 Display Results
The program displays the computed results in the load schedule table and the
computation of the design analysis in its dedicated platform. In the load schedule table, it
displays the size of the wires, conduit size and circuit breaker rating of each load and also
the main feeder size of wires and main circuit breaker ratings. While on the design analysis
platform, it only displays the main feeder size of wires and main circuit breaker ratings.
19
3.2.5 Save
If the user is satisfied with the design, one can choose to save it or discard the design. If
the user chose to save the file, the program will produce two file types: text file for design
analysis and excel file for the load schedule table.
20
3.3 Graphical User Interface
Figure 3.3.1 Initial Draft
The first draft GUI (general user interface) which contains only limited options and
doesn’t include Design Analysis.
21
Figure 3.3.2 Draft
The GUI that includes Design Analysis and provides more options. It also contains more
data and outputs the results of the program.
22
3.4 Dropdown lists of possible loads
Figure 3.4.1 Motor Loads
Figure 3.4.2 Kitchen Loads
Figure 3.4.3 Spare
23
Figure 3.4.4 Lighting Loads
Figure 3.4.5 Convenience Outlet
Figure 3.4.5 Other Loads
24
3.5 Comparison of Software and Manual Calculation
Figure 3.5.1 Administration Software Calculation
Figure 3.5.2 Administration Manual Calculation
25
Figure 3.5.3 Club Software Calculation
Figure 3.5.4 Club Manual Calculation
26
Figure 3.5.5 Office Software Calculation
Figure 3.5.6 Office Manual Calculation
27
Figure 3.5.7 Restaurant Software Calculation
Figure 3.5.8 Restaurant Manual Calculation
28
3.6 Software Screenshots
Figure 3.6.1 – Main Screen of the program
Main Screen of the program

The figure shows the main screen of the program

It displays the work area of the program

To save a file, select the Save button

To exit the program, select File and click Exit or simply the Exit button
29
Figure 3.6.2 – Load Schedule and Design Analysis Window
Load Schedule and Design Analysis Window

This is where the user inputs the required data for the program.

Click Add button to input details to the Load Schedule.

After the inputs are supplied, click Compute to display the computations.

Click the Save button to save the file as an excel file.
30
Figure 3.6.3– Excel File and Text File Window
Excel File and Text File Window

This is the window where the user opens a file.
31
3.7 Sample Load Calculation

Screenshot from the software, the Design Analysis
Figure 3.6.4– Design Analysis

General Light Load Formula
General Lighting Load = (Total Floor Area) x (Multiplier from table 2.20.2.3)
General Lighting Load = (450m2) x (28)
General Lighting Load = 12,600 VA
32

Small Appliances at 180VA per convenience outlet
Small Appliances = (180 VA – table 2.20.2.5(i)) x (Number of Convenience Outlets)
Small Appliances = (180 VA) (9)
Small Appliances = 1,620 VA

Application of Demand Factor
From table 2.20.3.5
First 10kVa or less at 100%
Remainder over 10kVa at 50%
From figure – Design Analysis
Subtotal = 11,530 VA
Application of First 10kVa : 13,059 VA - 10,000 VA = 3059 VA
Remainder 3059 VA at 50% = (3059 VA) x (0.50) = 1,530 VA

For IT (Total Ampacity)
IT = Total Load / 230 Volts
IT = 7,518 VA / 230 Volts
IT = 32.69

Sizes of wires, breaker, and conduis
For wires, table 3.10.1.16
For breakers, table 2.40.1.6
For conduit, table C8 of page 1,570
33
Chapter 4
CONCLUSION
Electrical Design Analysis created a program in Electrical Software which produces
faster and precise results in estimations and calculations for Electrical designs. These
programs that are available in the market are expensive and National Electrical Code (NEC)
based. The research has come up with an Electrical Wiring Design Simulator for
Commercial Establishments application using the Philippine Electrical Code. The study will
consider manual computations and compare it with the software calculation output that
would address the effectiveness software and high demand factor.
34
Chapter 5
RECOMMENDATIONS
This topic suggests that it covers more commercial buildings since the group focuses only
to office, club, restaurant, and administration buildings where corresponding demand factors
are to be considered from different commercial buildings. Updated wires should also be
considered as it varies with respect to time. Also, it is recommended for this program to be
developed so that it can also be used in industrial projects.
The expenses of equipments and illumination have not been included since today’s
industries have different perspective of designing in commercial establishment design
catered to technological innovation.
35
REFERENCES
Philippine Electrical Code, Part 1 Volume 1, 2009
National Electrical Code, 2008
SQL Cookbook by Anthony Molinaro, December 2005
Root, Randal; Romero Sweeney, Mary (2006). A tester's guide to .NET programming
"The Birth of Visual Basic". Rian " Petot " Danao I
Programming Python, 3rd Edition By Mark Lutz, August 2006
36
APPENDIX A
Definition of Terms
Philippine Electrical Code (PEC). It covers almost every electrical installation in the
Philippines from its design to operation.
National Electrical Code (NEC). It is a United States standard for the safe installation of
electrical wiring and equipment.
Rigid Metal Conduit (RMC). A threadable raceway of circular cross section designed for
the physical protection and routing of conductors and cables and for use as an equipment
grounding conductor when installed with its integral or associated coupling and appropriate
fittings. RMC is generally made of steel (ferrous) with protective coatings or aluminum
(nonferrous). Special use types are red brass and stainless steel.
Thermoplastic High Heat-resistant Nylon (THHN). It is appropriate for new construction
or rewiring for 600-volt applications. When used as type THHN, the conductor is suitable
for use in wet or dry location of temperatures not to exceed 90C or not to exceed 75C.
Ampacity. It is the current, in Amperes, that a conductor can carry continuously under the
conditions of use without exceeding its temperature rating.
Conduit. A duct or tube into which electrical cables may be pulled; a type of raceway.
Demand Factor (DF). Used to refer the fractional amount of some quantity being used
relative to the maximum amount that could be used by the same system.
Circuit Breaker (CB). Is an automatically- operated electrical switch designed to protect an
electrical circuit from damage caused by overload of electricity or short circuit. It is used to
detect a fault condition and, by interrupting continuity, to immediately discontinue Electrical
flow.
AT- Ampere Trip
AF- Ampere Frame
GUI- Graphical User Interface
37
APPENDIX B
Tables and Sections from PEC
2.20.1.5 Calculations.
(a) Voltages. Unless other voltages are specified, for purposes of calculating branch-circuit and
feeder loads, nominal system voltages of 115, 115/230, 208Y/120, 230, 347, 400Y/230,
460Y/265, 460, 600Y/347, and 600 volts shall be used.
(b) Fractions of an Ampere. Where calculations result in a fraction of an ampere that is less
than 0.5, such fractions shall be permitted to be dropped.
Table 2.20.2.3 General Lighting Loads by Occupancy
U n it L o a d
V o lt -A m p e r e s p e r
S q u a re Me te r
T ype of Oc c upa nc y
A rm o rie s a n d a u d ito riu m
Banks
B a rb e r S h o p s a n d B e a u ty
p a rlo rs
C h u rc h e s
C lu b s
C o u rt R o o m s
D w e llin g u n its *
G a ra g e -C o m m e rc ia l s to ra g e
H o s p ita ls
H o te ls a n d Mo te ls , in c lu d in g
a p a rtm e n t h o u s e s w ith o u t
p ro v is io n fo r c o o k in g b y
te n a n ts *
In d u s tria l c o m m e rc ia l ( lo ft)
b u ild in g
L o d g e ro o m s
O ffic e b u ild in g s
R e s ta u ra n ts
S c h o o ls
S to re s
W a re h o u s e ( s to ra g e )
8
2 8 **
24
8
16
16
24
4
16
16
16
12
28
16
24
24
2
In a n y o f th e a b o v e
o c c u p a n c ie s e x c e p t o n e fa m ily d w e llin g s a n d
in d iv id u a l d w e llin g u n its o f
tw o -fa m ily a n d m u lti-fa m ily
d w e llin g d w e llin g s :
A s s e m b ly H a lls a n d
a u d ito riu m
H a lls , c o rrid o rs , c lo s e t, s ta irw a y
s
S to ra g e s p a c e s
38
8
4
2
2.20.2.5 Other Loads — All Occupancies. In all occupancies, the minimum load for
each outlet for general-use receptacles and outlets not used for general illumination shall
not be less than that calculated in 2.20.2.5(a) through (l), the loads shown being based on
nominal branch-circuit voltages.
(i) Receptacle Outlets. Except as covered in 2.20.2.5(j) and (k), receptacle outlets shall
be calculated at not less than 180 volt-amperes for each single or for each multiple
receptacle on one yoke. A single piece of equipment consisting of a multiple receptacle
comprised of four or more receptacles shall be calculated at not less than 90 volt-amperes
per receptacle. This provision shall not be applicable to the receptacle outlets specified in
2.10.1.11(c)(1) and (c)(2).
2.20.3.17 Kitchen Equipment — Other Than Dwelling Unit(s). It shall be permissible
to calculate the load for commercial electric cooking equipment, dishwasher booster
heaters, water heaters, and other kitchen equipment in accordance with Table 2.20.3.17.
These demand factors shall be applied to all equipment that has either thermostatic
control or intermittent use as kitchen equipment. These demand factors shall not apply to
space-heating, ventilating, or air-conditioning equipment. However, in no case shall the
feeder or service calculated load be less than the sum of the largest two kitchen
equipment loads.
Table 2.20.3.17 Demand Factors for Kitchen Equipment — Other Than Dwelling
Unit(s)
39
2.20.3.5 Receptacle Loads — Other Than Dwelling Units.
Receptacle loads calculated in accordance with 2.20.2.5(h) and (I) shall be permitted to
be made subject to the demand factors given in Table 2.20.3.3 or Table 2.20.3.5.
Table 2.20.3.5 Demand Factors for Non-dwelling Receptacle Loads
2.20.4.9 New Restaurants. Calculation of a service or feeder load, where the feeder
serves the total load, for a new restaurant shall be permitted in accordance with Table
2.20.4.9 in lieu of Part 2.20.3.
The overload protection of the service conductors shall be in accordance with 2.30.7.1
and 2.40.1.4.
Feeder conductors shall not be required to be of greater ampacity than the service
conductors.
Service or feeder conductors whose calculated load is determined by this optional
calculation shall be permitted to have the neutral load determined by 2.20.3.22.
Table 2.20.4.9 Optional Method — Permitted Load Calculations for Service and
Feeder Conductors for New Restaurants
40
2.40.1.6 Standard Ampere Ratings.
(a) Fuses and Fixed-Trip Circuit Breakers. The standard ampere ratings for fuses and
inverse time circuit breakers shall be considered 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 60, 70, 80,
90, 100, 110, 125, 150, 175, 200, 225, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 500, 600, 700, 800, 1000,
1200, 1600, 2000, 2500, 3000, 4000, 5000, and 6000 amperes. Additional standard
ampere ratings for fuses shall be 1, 3, 6, 10, and 601. The use of fuses and inverse time
circuit breakers with nonstandard ampere ratings shall be permitted.
Table 2.50.6.13 Minimum Size Equipment Grounding Conductors for Grounding
Raceway and Equipment
R a tin g o r S e t t in g o f
A u to m a t ic O v e rc u rre n t
D e v ic e in C irc u it A h e a d
o f E q u ip m e n t , C o n d u it , e t c . ,
N o t E x c e e d in g
( A m p e re s )
15
20
30
40
60
100
200
300
400
500
600
800
1000
1200
1600
2000
2500
3000
4000
5000
6000
S iz e m m 2 ( m m d ia . )
C opper
C o p p e r A lu m in u m o r
C o p p e r-C la d A lu m in u m *
2 .0 ( 1 .6 )
3 .5 ( 2 .0 )
5 .5 ( 2 .6 )
5 .5 ( 2 .6 )
5 .5 ( 2 .6 )
8 .0 ( 3 .2 )
14
22
30
30
38
50
60
80
100
125
175
200
250
400
400
3 .5 ( 2 .0 )
5 .5 ( 2 .6 )
8 .0 ( 3 .2 )
8 .0 ( 3 .2 )
8 .0 ( 3 .2 )
14
22
30
38
50
60
80
100
125
175
200
325
325
400
600
600
41
Table 3.10.1.16 Allowable Ampacities of Insulated Conductors Rated 0 Through
2000 Volts, 60°C Through 90°C (140°F Through 194°F), Not More Than Three
Current-Carrying Conductors in Raceway, Cable, or Earth (Directly Buried), Based
on Ambient Temperature of 30°C (86°F)
T e m p e ra tu re R a tin g o f C o n d u c to r ( S e e T a b le 3 .1 0 .1 .1 3 .)
60°C
C o n d u c to r
S ize m m 2 (m m
d ia .)
T yp es
T W, UF
2 .0 (1 .6 )*
3 .5 (2 .0 )*
5 .5 (2 .6 )*
8 .0 (3 .2 )
14
22
30
38
50
60
80
100
125
150
175
200
250
325
375
400
500
20
25
30
40
55
70
90
100
120
135
160
185
210
240
260
280
315
370
395
405
445
75°C
T yp es
RHW,
THHW,
THW,
T HWN,
XHHW,
US E , Z W
90°C
T yp es
T BS , S A,
S IS , F E P ,
F E PB,
M I, R H H ,
RH W -2 ,
T HHN,
THHW,
T H W -2 ,
T H W N-2 ,
US E -2 ,
XHH,
XHHW,
XH H W -2 ,
Z W -2
C o p p er
20
25
35
50
65
85
110
125
145
160
195
220
255
280
305
330
375
435
470
485
540
25
30
40
55
70
90
115
130
150
170
205
225
265
295
345
355
400
470
530
515
580
42
9T0y°pCe s
T BS ,
SA,
S IS ,
RHH,
RHWT yp es
2,
RHW,
T HHN,
THHW, THHW,
T yp es T W ,
THW,
THWUF
T HWN,
2,
XHHW, T HWNUS E
2,
US E -2 ,
XHH,
XHHW,
XHHW2, ZWA l u m i n u m o r C o p p e r C l a2d
A lu m in u m
60°C
—
20
25
30
40
55
65
75
95
100
120
140
165
185
205
220
255
305
315
335
370
75°C
—
20
30
40
50
65
80
90
110
120
145
170
200
225
245
265
305
365
380
405
440
—
25
35
45
60
80
90
105
125
135
165
190
225
250
275
300
345
410
430
460
495
Table 4.30.14.2 Full-Load Currents in Amperes, Single-Phase Alternating-Current
Motors
The following values of full-load currents are for motors running at usual speeds and motors
with normal torque characteristics. The voltages listed are rated motor voltages. The
currents listed shall be permitted for system voltage ranges of 110 to 120 and 220 to 240
volts.
H o rs e p o w e r 1 1 5 V o lt s
1 ⁄6
1 ⁄4
1 ⁄3
1 ⁄2
3 ⁄4
1
1 1 ⁄2
2
3
5
7 1 ⁄2
10
4 .4
5 .8
7 .2
9 .8
1 3 .8
16
20
24
34
56
80
100
2 0 0 V o lt s
2 0 8 V o lt s
2 3 0 V o lt s
2 .5
3 .3
4 .1
5 .6
7 .9
9 .2
1 1 .5
1 3 .8
1 9 .6
3 2 .2
46
5 7 .5
2 .4
3 .2
4
5 .4
7 .6
8 .8
11
1 3 .2
1 8 .7
3 0 .8
44
55
2 .2
2 .9
3 .6
4 .9
6 .9
8
10
12
17
28
40
50
43
Table 4.30.14.4 Full-Load Current, Three-Phase Alternating-Current Motors
The following values of full-load currents are typical for motors running at speeds usual for
belted motors and motors with normal torque characteristics. The voltages listed are rated
motor voltages. The currents listed shall be permitted for system voltage ranges of 110 to
120, 220 to 240, 440 to 480, and 550 to 600 volts.
S y n c h ro n o u s -T y p e U n ity P o w e r F a c to r*
( A m p e re s )
In d u c t io n -T y p e S q u ir r e l C a g e a n d W o u n d R o t o r (A m p e r e s )
H ors e p ow er
1 1 5 V o lt s 2 0 0 V o lt s
1⁄2
3⁄4
1
1 1⁄2
2
3
5
7 1⁄2
10
15
20
25
30
40
50
60
75
100
125
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
4.4
6.4
8.4
12
13.6
-
2.5
3.7
4.8
6.9
7.8
11
17.5
25.3
32.2
48.3
62.1
78.2
92
120
150
177
221
285
359
414
552
-
208
V o lt s
2 3 0 V o lt s
400
V o lt s
460
V o lt s
575
V o lt s
2300
V o lt s
230
V o lt s
400
V o lt s
460
V o lt s
575
V o lt s
2300
V o lt s
2.4
3.5
4.6
6.6
7.5
10.6
16.7
24.2
30.8
46.2
59.4
74.8
88
114
143
169
211
273
343
396
528
-
2.2
3.2
4.2
6
6.8
9.6
15.2
22
28
42
54
68
80
104
130
154
192
248
312
360
480
-
1.3
1.8
2.3
3.3
4.3
6.1
9.7
14
18
27
34
44
51
66
83
103
128
165
208
240
320
403
482
560
636
711
786
1.1
1.6
2.1
3
3.4
4.8
7.6
11
14
21
27
34
40
52
65
77
96
124
156
180
240
302
361
414
477
515
590
0.9
1.3
1.7
2.4
2.7
3.9
6.1
9
11
17
22
27
32
41
52
62
77
99
125
144
192
242
289
336
382
412
472
16
20
26
31
37
49
60
72
83
95
103
118
53
63
83
104
123
155
202
253
302
400
-
33.6
40.8
52
66.4
81.6
104
134.4
168
201.3
268
-
26
32
41
52
61
78
101
126
151
201
-
21
26
33
42
49
62
81
101
121
161
-
12
15
20
25
30
40
-
*For 90 and 80 percent power factor, the figures shall be multiplied by 1.1 and 1.25,
respectively.
44
Table C8 Maximum Number of Conductors and Fixture Wires in Rigid Metal Conduit
(Based on table 9.1.1.1)
T ype
C o n d u c to r
S iz e
[m m 2 (m m
d ia . ) ]
THHN,
THW N,
T H W N -2
2 .0 ( 1 .6 )
3 .5 ( 2 .0 )
5 .5 ( 2 .6 )
8 .0 ( 3 .2 )
14
22
30
38
50
60
80
100
125
150
175
200
250
325
375
400
500
C o n d u c t o rs
R a c e w a y S iz e ( m m )
15
20
25
32
40
13
9
6
3
2
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
22
16
10
6
4
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
36
26
17
9
7
4
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
63
46
29
16
12
7
5
4
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
85
62
39
22
16
10
7
5
4
3
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
45
50
65
80
90
140 200 309 412
102 146 225 301
64
92 142 189
37
53
82 109
27
38
59
79
16
23
36
48
11
17
26
34
8
12
19
25
7
10
16
21
6
8
13
18
5
7
11
15
4
6
9
12
3
5
7
10
3
4
6
8
2
3
5
7
2
3
5
7
1
2
4
5
1
1
3
4
1
1
3
4
1
1
3
4
1
1
1
3
100
125
150
531
387
244
140
101
62
44
33
27
23
19
16
13
11
10
8
7
6
5
5
4
833 1202
608 877
383 552
221 318
159 230
98
141
70
100
51
74
43
63
36
52
30
43
25
36
20
29
17
25
15
22
13
20
11
16
9
13
7
11
7
11
6
8