SAFETY WORK
for
RME
FRUMENCIO T. TAN
Accredited Safety Consultant
What Does an Electrician Do?
Reading blueprints
For safety, electricians follow the Philippine Electrical
Code (OSHS)
Connecting all types of wires and circuit breakers,
outlets, and a host of other components
Regular assessments of electrical equipment and
electrical systems
Work involves adding and replacing wires, fuses, circuit
breakers, connections
Test electrical devices
Electricity - The Dangers
Causes 12% of
young worker
workplace deaths
Takes very little
electricity to cause
harm
Significant risk of
causing fires
Accident Description
October 11, 2004
SLAC Supervisor directs subcontractor electrician to
install breaker in live 480 volt dist. panel.
Supervisor did not obtain required working “EEW”
permit.
The electrician wore a short sleeved cotton/polyester
shirt, leather gloves over Voltage (V) rated gloves, safety
glasses, and a hardhat.
When the accident occurred, the electrician had
connected phases B and C and was in the process of
connecting phase A.
Identified Key Deficiencies
A Pre Work Hazards Analysis form was not completed
There was no approved Energized Electrical Work Permit
No one in the SLAC management chain had been informed of the
decision by the supervisor to install the circuit breaker in an
energized panel
The workers did not wear the appropriate flame resistant clothing,
and all required PPE
The SLAC safety officials were not involved
The subcontractor laborer was not trained to be a backup for the
electrician
Full Revolution Press Machine
Point of Operation
Ram Movement
Substandard Condition:
• By-passed safety device
(2-hand switch)
Substandard Act:
Foot switch
•Failed to LO/TO
•Tampering with safety
Safety Device: Two-Hand Position Switch
device
(Switches Connected in Series)
Electrical Injuries
There are four main types of electrical
injuries:
Direct:
Electrocution or death due to electrical
shock
Electrical shock
Burns
Indirect - Falls
Burns
Most common shockrelated injury
Occurs when you touch
electrical wiring or
equipment that is
improperly used or
maintained
Typically occurs on hands
Very serious injury that
needs immediate attention
Electrical Burns
Exit Wound
Entrance Wound
Arc or Flash Burns
Thermal Contact Burns
Internal/External Injuries
Involuntary Muscle
Contraction
Current flows through the body from the entrance point,
until finally exiting where the body is closest to the ground.
Worst case of electrical-related accident!
AVOID THE FOLLOWING UNSAFE ACTS:
Worker’s attitude such as working
without appropriate PPEs.
Improper working method
Wearing of metal objects as
watches, necklaces & rings.
Working in wet and/or damp
locations
AVOID THE FOLLOWING UNSAFE ACTS:
AVOID THE FOLLOWING UNSAFE ACTS:
AVOID THE FOLLOWING UNSAFE ACTS:
Failure to de-energize, lockout and
tagout hazards during maintenance,
repair or inspections of fuse box.
Use of defective and unsafe tools.
Use of tools or equipment too close to
energized parts.
Not draining off stored energy in
capacitors.
Double Insulated Tool
AVOID THE FOLLOWING UNSAFE ACTS:
Using 3 wire cord with a 2 wire plug.
Remove and replace wrong fuse.
Not verifying power is off when making
repair.
UNSAFE EQUIPMENT
What equipment can cause electrical accidents:
Faults in facilities such as exposed
charged part of electrical machines and
equipment
Damaged insulation of electrical wirings
Short Circuit
Overloading
Improper grounding
ELECTRICAL HAZARDS TO WATCH OUT FOR
Loose electrical connections
Cord with frayed insulations
Plugs that do not match their outlets,
e.g., 3-prong male plug to 2-plug
female outlet
Non-waterproof cords, plugs and outlets
used outdoors
Equipment running over capacity
ELECTRICAL HAZARDS TO WATCH OUT FOR
Deteriorated cords, where the exterior
insulation has cracked, exposing the wires
inside.
Cords and/ or plugs produced from
substandard materials.
Use of cords which have no appropriate
current (amp) rating for either the plug or the
equipment.
Electrical Plugs and Extension Cords
Electrical Plugs and Extension Cords
MEASURES TO PREVENT ELECTRIC SHOCK
Use grounding system
Install GFCI
Isolation of electrical conductors
Vault & boxes
Warning signs
Safe Clearance
Elevation (at least 10ft/ 3m
minimum) of electrical cable
specifically at construction site
Minimum approach distance
Contact with Power Lines
Overhead power lines are
un-insulated and can carry
tens of thousands of volts,
making them extremely
dangerous to employees
who work in their vicinity.
Overhead and buried power lines at a
construction site are especially hazardous
because they carry extremely high voltage. Fatal
electrocution is the main risk, but burns and falls
from elevation are also hazards. Using tools and
equipment that can contact power lines increases
the risk.
Examples of equipment that can contact power
lines:
Backhoes
Concrete pumpers
Cranes
Long-handled cement finishing floats
Metal building materials
Metal ladders
Raised dump truck beds
Scaffolds
Contact with Power Lines continued…
How Do I Avoid Hazards?
Look for overhead power lines and buried
power line indicators. Post warning signs.
Contact utilities for buried power line
locations.
Stay at least 10 feet away from overhead
power lines. Unless you know otherwise,
assume that overhead lines are energized.
De-energize and ground lines when working
near them. Other protective measures
include guarding or insulating the lines.
Use non-conductive wood or fiberglass
ladders when working near power lines.
Deaths Due to Contact With Power Lines
Scaffold too close to power line
Source: OSHA
Eight employees of a masonry company were erecting a brick wall from a
tubular, welded-frame scaffold approximately 24 feet high. The scaffold
had been constructed only 21 horizontal inches across from a 7,620-volt
power line. A laborer carried a piece of wire reinforcement (10 feet long
by 8 inches wide) along the top section of the scaffold and contacted the
power line with it. The laborer, who was wearing leather gloves, received
an electric shock and dropped the wire reinforcement, which fell across
the power line and simultaneously contacted the metal rail of the scaffold,
energizing the entire scaffold. All the workers standing on the work
platform in contact with the main scaffold were electrocuted.
Fatality – metal gutter touches power line – from WorkSafe BC
PREVENTIVE MEASURE ON ELECTRIC
SHOCK
Insulation
Use double-insulated royal cord for
tools
Insure insulation between feet and
moist ground
Use Lock-Out and Tag-Out
training and instruction
knowledge of the risks involved
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters
Portable Ground Fault
Circuit Interrupters
GFCI Panel Mounts
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters
Preventing Electrical Hazards - PPE
Electrical Insulating Protective Shielding
Electrical insulating rubber shielding
is engineered to protect personnel,
equipment, and work areas from
electrical hazards up to 7,500 volts.
The shielding is flame, oil, ozone, and
puncture resistant, remains flexible to
-60° F, and will not melt. CIP's
insulating shielding is available in
convenient "safety yellow" rolls, and
is 100% tested to meet ASTM
standards.
Type 2 Insulating - Flame, Oil, and
Ozone Resistant
ASTM Standard F2320-03
ASTM D178-01 Type I Insulating - NonOil Resistant
Switchboard Corrugated Matting
Switchboard matting is rubber matting
designed for electrical insulation, as a floor
covering to prevent shock around high
voltage electrical apparatus, fuse boxes,
switchgear, control panels, and heavy
machinery. It meets and exceeds current
ASTM, ANSI, (Plus IEC Division of ANSI,
Tech. Committee-78) specifications for this
material. In addition, OSHA requirement's
intent to eliminate the electrical hazards of
high voltage shock in the workplace is
abundantly clear. CIP switchboard matting
is designed specifically for this purpose. It
is not designed to be used as a "Hot" Rail
Blanket. Also, matting with punctures or
cracks should not be placed in service.
Tool Sets and Kits
Insulated Hand Tools
Composite Tools
Gloves and Sleeves
Hot Stick
Safety Rescue Hook
Arc Rated Harness
Voltage Detector Kits
Grounding Sets
Non-contact, wide
range of detection, 80
V to 275 kV, audible
and visual indication
275 kV automatic selftest beep every two
seconds
Dielectric Boots
Dielectric Deep Heel Overshoes provide extra
safety when climbing ladders and poles
where the deep heel cavity can lock onto the
rungs. These boots and overshoes are made
from an ozone resistant yellow rubber that's
100% waterproof. The construction is handlayered in full-cut patterns to fit over work
boots. The fabric lining makes them easy to
get on and off. The sole is an anti-skid bar
tread. All of these overshoes meet ANSI Z41
requirements and have been tested to 20,000
volts.
The 17" Super Dielectric Boot offers a high
level of protection from electrical shock to
utility workers, electric contractors, and
others working dangerously close to
electrical hazards. These boots meet ASTM
F1117 requirements, and have been tested to
15,000 volts AC and 45,000 volts DC. The
boots are completely waterproof and resistant
to ozone. The tough fabric lining makes the fit
comfortable and easy to take on and off.
SIMPLE RULES TO FOLLOW
DO NOT GUESS
FOLLOW PEC
USE PROPER INSTRUMENTS
ALWAYS USE SAFETY DEVICES
LOCKING & TAGGING PROCEDURE
EEW PERMIT
ARC FLASH ANALYSIS
JHA
NEVER WORK ALONE
USE DANGER SIGNS
Final Advice
Treat electricity with
the respect it demands,
and it will serve you
efficiently and effectively
THANK YOU ALL!