WORKSHOP
ON
GENERALLY APPLICABLE STANDARDS
VIENNA
19&20/2/09
IEC / CENELEC STANDARDS
Dipl. Ing. Gerhard Bartak
E-Mail: gerhard.bartak@A1.net
gerhard.bartak@A1.net
Workshop on Generally Applicable Standards, Vienna, 19&20/2/09
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CONTENT
1. General. Standards & Technical Rules
2. Targets & Economic weight of standardization
3. IEC
4. CENELEC
Organization
Economic weight
Deliverables
Participants
Voting rules
Co-operation
Connex to legislation
5. SUMMARY
Standardization work aspects
Benefits for ECSEE countries
GAS List
Recommendations
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ELECTRICITY STANDARDS AND RULES
1. GENERAL
International Standards
STANDARDS
WORLD/ EUROPEAN WIDE
Handbook
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TECHNICAL
RULES
European Standards
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RULE (OF TECHNOLOGY)
ISO/IEC (Guide 2-1996 etc.):
Technical specification being recognized as
1. GENERAL
representing the state of the art
by the majority of representative experts
Basically not compulsory,
if not part of regulation or contracts
• Developed stadium of the technically feasible
• at a certain time,
• as far as products, procedures or services are concerned,
• based on the related recognitions of
- science,
- technology,
- experience
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RULE (OF TECHNOLOGY) II
EXAMPLES
1. GENERAL
IEC-Technical Reports (TR)
CENELEC-Guides, -TR
Recommendations/Guidelines published by Associations
Technical and organizational rules (TOR) (Austrian Regulator)
UCTE-Handbook
TOR become mandatory due to integration in a contract
(between electricity supplier and customer)
UCTE Handbook mandatory for UCTE Members due to MLA
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STANDARD
EU-Directive 98/34/EG
1. GENERAL
(Procedure for the provision of information in the field of technical standards and
regulations and of rules on information society services)
a technical specification,
• approved by a recognized standardisation body
- international
- European
- national
and made available to the public.
nce,
a
i
l
p
com
• for repeated or continuous application,
y
r
o
s
l
mpu
o
al ,
r
c
e
b le
o
n
a
N
e
n
g
g
i
n
s
i
us as
t
• with which compliance
a
t
s
ory
s
l
u
p
is not compulsory
Com
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BINDINGNESS
Law, Decree
YES, in any case
1. GENERAL
Regulation
Basically NO, but
- compulsory status assignable by Authority
Standard/Norm
- compulsory between contracting partners
when integrated into a contract
Basically NO, but
Rule (of technology)
Technical
specification
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- possible bindingness
between contracting partners
NO
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2. TARGETS AND ECONOMIC WEIGHT
TARGET GROUPS FOR STANDARDIZATION
TARGET GROUP
BENEFIT
Manufacturers
Rational manufacturing
based on well-grounded technical basis
Consumers
Certainty: standard-conform product = good product
Science
Standardized measurement and test procedures
Authorities
Test houses
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Comparable results
objective controlling function
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ECONOMIC WEIGHT OF STANDARDIZATION
2. TARGETS AND ECONOMIC WEIGHT
WORLDWIDE
WORLD TRADE 1983 - 1993
(Worldwide export)
1983: 1.600 bio. $
1993: 3.700 bio. $
WORLDWIDE MARKET IN ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT 1997 - 2002
1997: 2.838,5 bio. $
2002: 4.063,5 bio. $
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ECONOMIC WEIGHT OF STANDARDIZATION
2. TARGETS AND ECONOMIC WEIGHT
EUROPE
• Free trade within EWR, with ~
500 mio. consumers
Asia: 4.000 mio.
North America: 455 mio.
USA: 300 mio.
EWR:
~ 500 mio.
China: 1.300 mio.
Japan: 127 mio.
South America: 355 mio.
Australia: 20 mio.
Africa: 675 mio.
Growing Europe
Increase of global competitiveness
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STANDARDIZATION LEVELS
W ORLDWIDE
ITU
IEC
International
Electrotechnical
Commission
International
Telecom.
Union
ISO
International
Organization for
Standardization
EUROPE
CENELEC
European Committee
for Electrotechnical
Standardization
ETSI
European
Telecomm.
Standard.
Institute
CEN
European Committee
for Standardization
NATIONAL
2 or 1 National Committee (s)
Electrotechnology
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Inform.
technology
All
other areas
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IEC: ORGANIZATION
NAME: International Electrotechnical Commission
Commission Électrotechnique Internationale
Internationale Elektrotechnische Kommission
3. IEC
OFFICIAL LANGUAGES: English, French, Russian
WTO-ACKNOWLEDGEMENT in TBT-Agreement, for the entire area
of electrotechnical standardization
TASK: Creation of worldwide harmonized standards for electrotcehnology, electronics and
associated technologies (security, operation mode, construction and installation of
electrical equipment/Systems)
Provision of a systems for evaluation of conformity to standards.
FOUNDATION: Idea: 1904, Implementation: 1906
HEADQUARTER: Geneva
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IEC: ECONOMIC WEIGHT
3. IEC
Shares in
worldwide trade in electrotechnical and electronic equipment
Affiliates
4%
91 %
Members
Source: World Bank 2003
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IEC: DELIVERABLES
RANKING
IS
3. IEC
TR
TS
normative
informative
informative
GUIDE
informative
PAS, TTA, ITA
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NON-MEMBERSHIP
AFFILATE COUNTRY
PROGRAMME
3. IEC
MEMBERSHIP
ACTIVE
PARTICIPATION
IEC: PARTICIPATION IN WORK
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Full Member
Full membership fees
Full rights to participate in IEC activities
Full (Equal) voting rights
Associate Member
Reduced membership fees
Restricted rights for participation
Voting rights restricted to single Committees
Affiliates (formerly: Pre-Associates, since 2001)
No fees
To encourage
• active participation work without the financial
burden of membership fees
• developing countries to use and adopt
International Standards
No participation in IEC activities
Access to IEC Standards at substantial discounts
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IEC: ACTIVE PARTICIPATION IN WORK (2/09)
MEMBERS
ASSOCIATE
3. IEC
FULL
55
19
ALGERIA
ARGENTINA
AUSTRALIA
AUSTRIA
BELARUS
BELGIUM
BRAZIL
BULGARIA
CANADA
CHINA
CROATIA
CZECH REPUBLIC
DENMARK
EGYPT
FINLAND
FRANCE
GERMANY
GREECE
HUNGARY
INDIA
INDONESIA
IRAN
IRELAND
ISRAEL
ITALY
JAPAN
KOREA, REP. OF
LYBIAN ARAB JAM.
LUXEMBOURG
MALAYSIA
MEXICO
NETHERLANDS
NEW ZEALAND
NORWAY
PAKISTAN
PHILIPPINES REP. OF
POLAND
PORTUGAL
QUATAR
ROMANIA
RUSSIAN FEDERATION
BAHREIN
BOSNIA&
HERZEGOVINA
COLOMBIA
COREA DEM. REP.
CUBA
CYPRUS
ESTONIA
ICELAND
KAZAKHSTAN
KENYA
LATVIA
LITHUANIA
MACEDONIA Rep. of
MALTA
MONTENEGRO
NIGERIA
SRI LANKA
Also CENELEC-Member
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ECSEE Participants (+ EU)
SAUDI ARABIA
SERBIA
SINGAPORE
SLOVAKIA
SLOVENIA
SOUTH AFRICA
SPAIN
SWEDEN
SWITZERLAND
THAILAND
TURKEY
UKRAINE
UK
USA
TUNISIA
VIETNAM
ECSEE OBSERVER
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Since 2001, for developing countries
No fee, no voting rights
3. IEC
IEC: AFFILIATES (2/09)
AFGHANISTAN
ALBANIA
ANGOLA
ANTIGUA UND BARBUDA
ARMENIA
BANGLADESH
BARBADOS
BELIZE
BENIN
BHUTAN
BOLIVIA
BOTSWANA
BRUNEI DARUSSALAM
BURKINA FASO
BURUNDI
CAMBODIA
CAMEROON
CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC
CHAD
COMOROS
CONGO
CONGO DEM REP of
COSTA RICA
CÔTE D’ IVOIRE
DOMINICA
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
ECUADOR
EL SALVADOR
ERITREA
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ETHIOPIA
FIJI
GABON
GAMBIA
GEORGIA
GHANA
GRENADA
GUATEMALA
GUINEA
GUINEA BISSAU
GUYANA
HAITI
HONDURAS
JAMAICA
JORDAN
KYRGYZSTAN
LAO PDR
LEBANON
LESOTHO
MADAGASCAR
MALAWI
MALI
MAUTITANIA
MAURITIUS
MOLDOVA
MONGOLIA
MOZAMBIQUE
MYANMAR
NAMIBIA
NEPAL
NIGER
PANAMA
PAPUA NEW GUINEA
PARAGUAY
PERU
RWANDA
SAINT LUCIA
SAINT VINCENT & GRENADINE
SENEGAL
SEYCHELLES
SIERRA LEONE
SUDAN
SURINAME
SWAZILAND
TANZANIA
TOGO
TRINIDAD & TOBAGO
TURKMENISTAN
UGANDA
URUGUAY
VENEZUELA
YEMEN
ZAMBIA
ZIMBABWE
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CENELEC: ORGANIZATION
NAME: European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Électrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für elektrotechnische Normung
4. CENELEC
OFFICIAL LANGUAGES: English, French, German
TASK: Creation of a consistent electrotechnical standards building,
as a base for a European Internal Market for peoducts and services
ORGANIZATIONAL FORM: Nonprofit technical Association
("Association internationale sans but lucratif"), according to Belgian law
FOUNDATION: 1973 in Brussels
HEADQUARTER: Brussels
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CENELEC: PARTICIPANTS
MEMBERS, AFFILATES
4. CENELEC
(2009)
30 Members (NCs)
(1994: 18)
~ 500 mio. citizens
4,85 mio. km2
9 Affiliates
CENELEC Members
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CENELEC Affiliates
EU Wider Europe
Countries
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CENELEC: PARTICIPANTS II
30 Members = NCs from AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HU, IE,
IS, IT, LV, LT, LU, MT, NL, NO, PT, PL, RO, SE, SK, SI
Weighted voting
4. CENELEC
9 Affiliates = AL, BA, HR, IL (08), MK, RS (05), TN (06), TR, UA
• Transition between non-membership and membership
• Principle laid down in CENELEC Guide 17;
• Goals:
• closer relationship to the countries of the former Eastern Bloc and
support to their approach to EU and EFTA
• extended EN/HD distribution;
• prepration of future membership in European Standardization Organizations
• Right for participation in CENELEC Meetings in case of declared interest,
without voting rights
Admission of a NC from a country outside EU-/EFTA needs unanimous
Members‘ acceptance
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CENELEC: PARTICIPANTS III
CO-OPERATING ORGANIZATIONS
• Independent European or international organizations
• with a sufficient degree of representativity within its defined area of
competence, a sector or subsector of the electrotechnical field
4. CENELEC
Principle laid down in CENELEC Guide 14
Rights:
Observership in BT (fee)
To submit contributions and proposals
Possibility to explain contributions/proposals in a technical body meeting
Permanent obesrvership in identified technical bodies (fee)
No voting right
44 organizations at present, growing tendency
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4. CENELEC
CENELEC COOPERATING ORGANIZATIONS
AIE
ANEC
BUSINESS EUROPE
CAPIEL
CEA
CECAPI
CECED
CECIMO
CEER
CELMA
CER
COCIR
COGEN Europe
COTREL
ECI
ECMA
ECOS
ECSS
EDMA
EECA
EEPCA
EFCO & HPA
EICTA
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EIM
Installation rules
EPIA
Consumer protection
EPSMA
Manufacturers
ESMIG
Switch- and controlgears
ESONE
Assurances
Installation equipment manuf. EURALARM
Domestic equipment manuf. EURELECTRIC
EUROBAT
Machine tools
EuroCableLabs
Energy Regulators
EUROCAE
Luminaires
Railway, Infrastructure
EUROPACABLE
Electromedical Industry
EVA
Cogeneration
IFAN
Transformers
KONNEX Assoc.
Copper
NORMAPME
Computer Manufacturers
NSA
Environment
OIML
Space standardization
ORGALIME
Diagnostic Manufacturers
Electronic components manuf.RAE-UIC
TIE
El. Products certification
UNIFE
Tourism
Digital Technology
Rail infrastructure Managers
Fotovoltaic Industry
Power supply manufacturers
Smart metering Industry
Norms for electronics
Fire and security systems
Electricity industry
Storage battery manufacturers
Cables
Civil aviation equipment
Insulated wires & cables manuf.
Vending
Standards user
HBES
Craft, trade and small&medium
enterprises for standardization
NATO Standardization
Legal Metrology
Engineering industries
Railways
Toys
Railway Industries
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CENELEC: EXPERTS, DELIVERABLES
4. CENELEC
Commitees:
Source: Annual Report 2007
323
TCs
75
SCs
TC/SC-WGs 226
BTTFs
22
BTWGs
Total Deliverables 2007:
Standards 2007 (EN, HD):
~ 15.000 experts
from 30 Members
5804
5287
of which 1441 harmonized
Deliverables published 2007:
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415
Standards (EN+HD)
+ Interpret. Sheets (EN) 389
TS
3
TR
21
G
2
CWA
0
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CENELEC: ECONOMIC WEIGHT
Share
in European standardization
4. CENELEC
in European market
> 20 %
33 %
related to products
utilizing electrical energy
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CENELEC: EN, HD
4. CENELEC
HD
TS
TR
G
informative
EN
normative
National obligations
CWA
Implementation
EN
Withdrawal
with identical wording
of
conflicting
national
standards
with identical content,
HD
at least by public announcement
of the HD number and title
(ENV)
(ES)
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According to New Approach 1985
4. CENELEC
HARMONIZED STANDARDS & LEGISLATION,
EC
Mandate
Council
EP
EU-Directive
Protection Requirements
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Harmonized Standard
OJEC
Essential Requirements
Conformity Assumption
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CENELEC: HARMONIZED STANDARDS
SUPPORTING NEW APPROACH DIRECTIVES
(Excerpt)
4. CENELEC
SHARE IN TOTAL EN, HD
1441
harmonized
73/23/EEC
Low-Voltage Equipment
89/106/EEC
Construction Products
89/336/EEC
2004/108/EEC Electromagnetic Compatibility
89/686/EEC
Personal Protective Equipment
90/385/EEC
Medical devices:
Active Implantable
93/42/EEC
Medical devices
94/9/EC
Explosive atmospheres
94/25/EC
Recreational Craft
97/23/EC
Pressure Equipment
98/37EC
Safety of Machinery
99/5/EC
RTTE
98/37/EC
Machinery
2006/42/EC
2004/22/EC
Measuring instruments
27,25 %
72,75 %
3846
Total: 5287 CENELEC-EN, HD
(20071231)
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IEC, CEN/CENELEC: VOTING
IEC
3. IEC, 4. CENELEC
VOTING RIGHT:
Variable
Dependant on work participance
(P, O)
1 per voting NC
VOTE WEIGHT:
SUM OF VOTES: Dependant on work participance
(P, O)
ABSTENTIONS:
Not counted
CENELEC
Constant
Equal for all NCs
Weighted (3 – 29 per NC)
Dependant on submitted
weighted votes & abstentions
Not counted
ACCEPTANCE:
Dependant on submitted
Dependant on work participance
weighted votes & abstentions
(P, O)
min 71% weighted votes YES
min 2/3 P
YES
min 50% voting NCs
YES
max 1/4 (P+O) NO
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CENELEC: WEIGHTED VOTES
since 1/1/2007
with last new Members Romania (2006, 14 votes) and Bulgaria (2007, 10 votes)
CY, EE, LV,
LU, SI
3
4
29
7
DE, FR,
GB, IT
AT, BG,
10
365
CH, SE
2 Acceptance criteria
27
12
BE, CZ,
GR, HU, PT
13 14
NL
RO
ES, PL
> 71% of the
submitted weighted votes
> 50 % of the voting NCs
in favour
4. CENELEC
DK, IE, FI, NO,
SK, LT
IS, MT
Abstentions not counted
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COSTS, DURATIONS, CONSEQUENCES
ETSI: 1993: 45M, 1997: 28 M
CENELEC: 24 M – 48 M
CEN: 1997: 75 M
IEC:
40 M (2006)
1. GENERAL
1 IEC- or CENELEC-Standard:
~ 1,5 - 4 years *)
~ 2 - 6,25 years **)
ca. 1,3 mio. €
*) lt. BSI-Enquiry 1994 - 96: 2,5 Jahre
10 %
Administration by
Standardization organization
**) Report DG III Industry
of the European Commission, 1998
90 %
Experts‘ work
from National Committee
Problems regarding life cycles of products down to some very few years
Pressure for introduction of new kinds of deliverables,
becoming available in shorter time
(Increasing) Restriction to the essential (items, work participation)
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IEC & CENELEC CO-OPERATION
3. IEC, 4. CENELEC
Co-operation
Need for acceleration
Dresden Agreement
43
Co-operating
organizations
55 Full Members
19 Ass. Members
83 Affiliates
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30 Members
NCs
9 Affiliates
ing
t
vo t s
o
N righ
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EMPHASIS: INTERNATIONAL STANDARDIZATION
EFFECT OF DRESDEN AGREEMENT
3. IEC, 4. CENELEC
NC
NWIP
IS
yes
IS
yes
NWIP
EN
yes; CM ?
NS
EN
no
NS
EN
yes; CM ?
NS
EN
yes
NS
NWIP
IS
yes
IS
no
no
IS ?
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NWIP
NWIP
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STANDARDIZATION WORK ASPECTS
MEANING AND EFFECTS
5. SUMMARY
• Discussion of global / European / national harmonization aspects
between all concerned players
• Improvement of safety and quality of products and services
• Development and use of communication networks across int. borders
• Networking within a community of manufacturers, electricity suppliers,
governmental and customers‘ representatives
• Source for legislation or regulation and for issuieng tenders
• Base for detailed technical interpretation of the law
• Increasingly forming a basis for European legislation & Internal Market
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BENEFITS FOR ECSEE COUNTRIES
• Utilization of European/worldwide state of the art knowledge
5. SUMMARY
• Increasing understanding of standardization goals and mechanisms
• Cost savings for manufacturers, electricity suppliers and customers
• Increasing chances for national products on a growing external market
• Improving levels of
- product safety
- quality and security of electricity supply
in the national area
• Support of national legislation & regulation
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5. SUMMARY
GAS LIST
Procurement power station equipment
Generation & network equipment
Contract award procedure
Insulation co-ordination
Metering & Ripple control
Procurement
HVDC
power station
EMC
EMC
Network eq
RES
g
.
n
i
n
t
Ligh
Explosive
Voltage quality
Safety of machinery
Lightning protection
Short circuit currents
195 Standards
Explosive atmospheres
Effects of current and
protection against electric shock
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RECOMMENDATIONS
• To watch the development of existing standards (maintenance cycles)
5. SUMMARY
• To consider increasing information exchange on standardization with
NCs already being integrated into IEC and/or CENELEC
• To consider possible needs for transition periods
at implementation of existing standards
• To check options for approaching
- CENELEC (via Affiliate) and – in particular –
- IEC (via Affiliate, Associate Member),
if not already been done
• To check options for extension of the GAS list,
- for increasing the share of implemented CENELEC standards
in the total number of CENELEC standards, and so
- for supporting an approach to CENELEC Membership
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Thank you
for your attention
Questions welcome
Dipl. Ing. Gerhard Bartak
E-Mail: gerhard.bartak@A1.net
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