Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1
1.1 If the current in an electric conductor is 2.4 A, how many coulombs of charge pass any point in a 30-second interval?
SOLUTION:
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.1

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.2 Determine the time interval required for a 12-A battery charger to deliver 4800 C.
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.2

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1
1.3 A lightning bolt carrying 30,000 A lasts for 50 micro-seconds. If the lightning strikes an airplane flying at 20,000 feet, what is the charge deposited on the plane?
SOLUTION:
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.3

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.4 If a 12-V battery delivers 100 J in 5 s, find (a) the amount of charge delivered and (b) the current produced.
1
SOLUTION:
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.4

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.5 The current in a conductor is 1.5 A. How many coulombs of charge pass any point in a time interval of 1.5 minutes?
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.5

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.6 If 60 C of charge pass through an electric conductor in 30 seconds, determine the current in the conductor.
1
SOLUTION:
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.6

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.7 Determine the number of coulombs of charge produced by a 12-A battery charger in an hour.
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.7

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.8 Five coulombs of charge pass through the element in Fig. P1.8 from point A to point B . If the energy absorbed by the element is 120 J, determine the voltage across the element.
B
+
V
1
−
A
Figure P1.8
1
SOLUTION:
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.8

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E interval 0 < t < 20 s.
i(t) mA
10
0
Figure P1.9
10 20 t (s)
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.9

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1 q ( t ) = − 30 e − 4 t mC. If the voltage across the element is 120 e − 2 t V, determine the energy delivered to the element in the time interval 0 < t < 50 ms.
SOLUTION:
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.10

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.11 The charge entering the positive terminal of an element is given by the expression power delivered to the element is p ( t ) = 2.4 e − 3 t q ( t ) = − 12 e − 2 t mC. The
W. Compute the current in the element, the voltage across the element, and the energy delivered to the element in the time interval 0 < t < 100 ms.
1
SOLUTION:
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.11

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E e − 2 t V. The current entering the positive terminal of the element is 2 e − 2 t A.
Find the energy absorbed by the element in 1.5 s starting from t = 0.
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.12

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E e − 2 t W. Calculate the amount of charge that enters the BOX
1 between 0.1 and 0.4 seconds.
4 e − t V
Figure P1.13
SOLUTION:
BOX
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.13

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E e − 4 t W. Calculate the energy absorbed by the BOX during
1 this same time interval.
BOX 10 e − 2 t V
Figure P1.14
SOLUTION:
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.14

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E i ( t ) 1
15 V BOX
− 5
− 10
− 15
15
10 w ( t ) (mJ)
5
1 2 3
0 and 10 milliseconds?
15 V i ( t )
BOX
15 w ( t ) (mJ)
10
5
6 7
1 2 3
− 5
− 10
8
− 15
9 10 t (ms)
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 t (ms)
SOLUTION:
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.15

2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
Problem 1.15 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

− 1
− 2
− 3
2
1
3 q ( t ) (mC)
1 2
Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E i ( t )
3
+
The charge that enters the BOX in Fig. P1.16 is shown in the graph below. Calculate and sketch the current flowing into and the power absorbed by the BOX between 0 and 10 milliseconds.
i ( t ) q ( t ) (mC)
3
12 V BOX
2
1
5
1 2 3 4 6 7 8 9
− 1
4
5
6 7 8 9
− 2
10
− 3 t (ms)
1
10 t (ms)
Figure P1.16
SOLUTION:
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.16

2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
Problem 1.16 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 3
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.16

w ( t ) (J)
Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E i ( t )
The energy absorbed by the BOX in Fig. P1.17 is given below. Calculate and sketch the current flowing into the BOX. Also calculate the charge which enters the BOX between 0 and 12 seconds.
1 i ( t ) w ( t ) (J)
10 V BOX
5
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8
9
10
11
12 t (s)
− 2.5
5
Figure P1.17
1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8
9
10
11
12 t (s)
− 2.5
SOLUTION:
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.17

2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
Problem 1.17 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E i ( t )
− 0.5
− 1
− 1.5
0.5
1 q ( t ) (C)
1 2 by the BOX between 0 and 9 seconds?
i ( t )
12 V BOX
1
0.5
q ( t ) (C)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 t (s)
− 0.5
− 1
− 1.5
4 5 6 7 8 9 t (s)
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.18

2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
Problem 1.18 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E 1 i ( t )
− 10
− 20
− 30
30 w ( t ) (mJ)
20
10
1 2 flowing into the BOX between 0 and 10 milliseconds.
i ( t )
12 V BOX
30 w ( t ) (mJ)
20
10
4
5 6
1 2 3 4
7
− 10
− 20
− 30
8 9 10 t (ms)
5 6 7
8 9 10 t (ms)
SOLUTION:
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.19

2 Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
Problem 1.19 Chapter 01: Basic Concepts

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
(a) V
1
= 9 V and I = 2A
(b) V
1
= 9 V and I = − 3A
(c) V
1
= − 12 V and I = 2A
(d) V
1
= − 12 V and I = − 3A
+
V
1
−
Figure P1.20
I
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.20

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
Figure P1.21
SOLUTION:
3 A
15 V
−
A
+
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.21

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
Figure P1.22
SOLUTION:
2 A
+
20 V
−
A
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.22

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
Figure P1.23
2 A
+
V x
−
A
SOLUTION:
V x
.
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.23

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
Figure P1.24
24 V
−
B
+
I x
SOLUTION:
I x
.
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.24

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
Element B in the diagram in Fig. P1.25 supplies 72 W of power. Calculate V
A
.
3 A
+
V
A
–
B
Figure P1.25
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.25

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
Figure P1.26
I x
+
18 V
−
B
SOLUTION:
I x
.
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.26

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.27 (a) In Fig. P1.27 (a), P
1
= 36 W. Is element 2 absorbing or supplying power, and how much?
(b) In Fig. P1.27 (b), P
2
= − 48 W. Is element 1 absorbing or supplying power, and how much?
1
2
+
12 V
−
+
6 V
−
1
2
−
6 V
+
+
24 V
−
(a)
Figure P1.27
(b)
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.27

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E absorbing or supplying power, and how much?
1
2
+
3 V
−
−
6 V
+
Figure P1.28
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.28

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
Figure P1.29
SOLUTION:
1
2
3
−
4 V
+
+
8 V
+
12 V
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.29

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
I s
such that the power absorbed by element 2 in Fig. P1.30 is 7 W.
4 V
+
1
+
6 V
−
I s
Figure P1.30
−
+
2
−
2 V
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.30

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
+
20 V
−
+
6 V
1
− 2 A
2 A
+
6 V
1
− 2 A
+
20 V
−
2 A
I x
= 4 A
2 A
(a)
+
8 V
1
−
+
−
14 V
+
−
14 V
+
16 V
−
4 A
+
−
4 A
2 I x
2 A
(a)
Figure P1.31
(b)
I x
= 4 A +
8 V
1
−
+
16 V
−
4 A
(b)
+
−
4 A
2 I x
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.31

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
I x
= 2 A +
8 V
1
− 2 A
12 V
2 A
2 I x
(a)
2 A
4 Ix
24 V
− +
Figure P1.32
2 A
+
20 V
−
1
I x
+
= 2 A
2 12 V
−
2 A
(b)
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.32

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.33 Compute the power that is absorbed or supplied by the elements in the network in Fig. P1.33.
I x
= 4 A
+
12 V
1
−
2 A
36 V
1 I x
− +
2
+
−
24 V
2 A
3
+
−
28 V
Figure P1.33
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.33

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.34 Find the power that is absorbed or supplied by element 2 in Fig. P1.34.
2 A +
4 V
1
−
2 V x
− +
12 V
+
2 V x
−
2 A
Figure P1.34
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.34

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.35 Find I x
in the network in Fig. P1.35.
36 V
I x
+
12 V
1
1 I x
−
− +
2 A
+
2 24 V
−
2 A
3
+
28 V
−
Figure P1.35
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.35

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.36 Determine the power absorbed by element 1 in Fig. P1.36.
36 V
I x
+
12 V
1
−
+
24 V
−
2
+
8 V
2
−
2 A
I x
3
+
16 V
−
Figure P1.36
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.36

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.37 Find the power absorbed or supplied by element 1 in Fig. P1.37.
18 V
I x
−
6 V
1
+
2 A
24 V
+
4 V
2
−
+
20 V
−
I x
2 I x
Figure P1.37
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.37

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.38 Find the power absorbed or supplied by element 3 in Fig. P1.38.
+
2 A
12 V
4 V
1
−
12 V
− +
4 A
+
2 16 V
−
2 V x
+
4 20 V
−
2 A
+
2 A
3 V x
−
2 A
Figure P1.38
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.38

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.39 Find the power absorbed or supplied by element 1 in Fig. P1.39.
+
4 V
1
−
+
4 I x
12 V
−
Figure P1.39
+
2 8 V
−
4 A
12 V
− +
4 A
+
3 20 V
−
2 A
+
I x
4 20 V
−
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.39

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.40 Find V x
in the network in Fig. P1.40 using Tellegen’s theorem.
2 A
1
+
12 V
−
9 V
Figure P1.40
− +
24 V
+
2
V x
−
+
16 V
3
−
12 V
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.40

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.41 Find I x
in the circuit in Fig. P1.41 using Tellegen’s theorem.
2 A +
4 V
− +
8 V
− +
18 V
−
12 V
− +
2 A I x
24 V
+
12 V
−
2 A
Figure P1.41
I x
+
6 V
−
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.41

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
1.42 Is the source V s
in the network in Fig. P1.42 absorbing or supplying power, and how much?
+
6 V
−
V
S
− +
3 A 9 A
−
10 V 9 A
−
16 V 8 V
+ + +
3 A
Figure P1.42
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.42

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E
I o in the network in Fig. P1.43 using Tellegen’s theorem.
6 A +
8 V
1
−
24 V
4 A
+
2
−
10 V
−
6 V
3
+
4 Ix
8 V
3 A −
Figure P1.43
6
+
3 A
I o
+
5
−
6 V
1 A
I x
= 2 A
+
4
−
16 V
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.43

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E satisfied by this circuit.
3 I x
− +
+
24 V
−
5
2 A
2 A
24 V
4 A
+
12 V
1
−
2 A
+
12 V
−
Figure P1.44
+
4 A
6 V
2
−
6 A
+
6 V
−
3
−
9 V
4
+
I x
= 2 A
15 V
4 A
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.44

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E satisfied by this circuit.
4 A +
10 V
3
−
40 V
−
5 V
+
1
5 A
+
5 V
2
1 A
−
+
30 V
−
+
5 V
4
−
3 A
15 V
4 A
+
10 V
−
5
1 A
Figure P1.45
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.45

Irwin, Basic Engineering Circuit Analysis, 11/E element 4 absorbs 15 W. How much power is supplied by element 5?
1 2
3 4 5
Figure P1.46
SOLUTION:
1
Chapter 01: Basic Concepts Problem 1.46