International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 6, Issue 4, April 2016)
Automatic Pneumatic Operated Lemon Cutting Machine
Gunjal A.V.1, Shinde K.L.2, Sonawane R.V.3, Dike A.P.4, Prof. Gujrathi T.V.5, Prof. Bhane A.B.6
1,2,3,4
UG Student, 5,6Assistant Professor, Savitribai Phule Pune University, SND COE & RC, Yeola, Dist-Nashik, Maharashtra,
India
Most of over 500 pickles manufactures spread across the
country with major concentration in south India operate at
either the cottage, small or tiny industry scale with few
expectations. Another important and not worthy feature has
been the seasonality involved in pickle manufacturing.
It is primarily dependents on the availability of fruits .In
the case of lemon, the season is during April – June and
September to mid-December. It is observed very often that
availability of labor becomes the limiting factor for the
industry during the season.
A pneumatic system can be divided into number of
levels, representing hardware and signal flow. The various
levels from a control path for signal flow from the signal
input side to the work output side.
The primary levels in a pneumatic system are,
Abstract— Automation was the rage of the engineering
world. The investigation on the existing Lemon cutting
machine reviews the following drawbacks such as high
investment cost, the contamination, additional manpower and
time consumption caused by manual processing. The setup
involves a hopper arrangement and the pressure block is
actuated by a pneumatic cylinder, and has a reciprocating
motion along the vertical length of casing, while the cutting
grid remains fixed.
The air supply to the cylinder is controlled by a solenoid
actuated DCV, which is controlled by a Timing circuit. The
entry of Lemon into the grid apparatus is controlled using a
pneumatic cylinder along with a Double bar mechanism.
The primary objectives, upon which, the present work is
based are providing an alternative to the existing automated
system mainly, targeting the initial investment factor, and to
power a domestic product using pneumatics, thereby
eliminating the associated difficulties of manual vegetable
cutting.
The Lemon is fed via inclined tube. A tray is placed at the
bottom of the apparatus to collect the Lemon pieces after
processing. Variable pressure setting for cutting different
Lemon is carried out by the Timing circuit. The intricacy
involved with such a system is the type of Lemon it can
process. The system is advantageous in the fact that existing
automation is high in cost, and the power consumption is high.
The proposed work is benefitted by pneumatic power, which
is abundant.




Energy supply
Input elements.
Processing elements
Actuating devices.
The elements in the system are represented by symbols
which indicate the function of the element. The symbols
can be combined to represent a solution for particular
control task using the circuit diagram. The circuit is drawn
with the same structure and signal flow diagram as
illustrated below. The actuator level the addition of the
control element completes of the structure. The control
element controls the action of the actuator after receiving
signals sent by the processor elements.
Keywords—Double Acting Cylinder, Lemon Cutting Die,
Timing circuit, Solenoid Valve.
I. INTRODUCTION
II. OBJECTIVES
The innovative machine can be effectively used by any
food processing industry such as pickles or masala
manufacturers.
Large quantities of lemon to the required shape and size
can be act in a continuous fashion, better quality of slices
produced. Slices of produced are of uniform nature and are
neatly and conveniently recollected and recovered. Pickles
manufacturing is very labor intensive industry. The major
reasons attributed to this could be a prevailing small scales
and the process preparation of pickles, which is an
aggregation of small, specialized tasks.
1) As demand of atomization is increasing at every
moment, it will prove a great bone of the world, since it
will save lot of timing as well as requirement of workers
which are specially recommended for cutting of fruits. This
is today’s real condition in some food industries.
Sometimes accidents are happen with worker who is
cutting fruits by using knife as well as other cutting devices
without using hand gloves. To eliminate this kind of
situation, we have to use an ultimate way for cutting
without any injury to the worker and to increase worker’s
safety.
30
International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 6, Issue 4, April 2016)
2) We designed ―Pneumatic Fruit Cutting Machine‖ for
save time, improve safety, continuous flow of material etc.
Our machine is working on pneumatic energy so it requires
air compressor for working. As well as solenoid valve is
also plays an important role in our machine. Solenoid valve
consumes electricity for working. So compressor as well as
electricity is required for working of our project.
3) The primary objectives, upon which, the present work is
based are providing an alternative to the existing automated
system mainly, targeting the initial investment factor, and
to power a domestic product using pneumatics, thereby
eliminating the associated difficulties of manual vegetable
cutting.
4) The main objective of automatic pneumatic operated
lemon cutting machine is to save the labor cost of the firm
as well as save lot of timing.
The cylinder can developed 1884.9 N forces by
trial or error method.
Mounting Assembly of Cylinder
Material:- Mild Steel Angles (25 x 25 x 3)
Ultimate shear strength = 340 N/mm2
= 340 x 10 2 N/cm2
Area of angle= (A1 + A2) x L
…….. (4)
D1 = 25 mm , D2 = 3 mm
B1 = 3 mm
, B2 = 22 mm
Area of angle = [(25x3) + (22x3)] x 150
= 21.15x103 mm3
Shear stress acting on angle =
…….. (5)
III. COMPONENTS OF MODEL
A. Double Acting Cylinder
Area of cylinder
D=20mm
=
= 0.089 N/mm2
L=75mm
A= (D2)
Estimated shear stress is less than ultimate shear stress
hence design is safe.
……. (1)
B. Solenoid Valve
Solenoid valves are device designed to allow the passage
of air or fluid through a chamber and govern the strength of
its flow. These devices are different from normal valves in
the way that they have fewer working parts and acts upon
the receipt of electric current. Currently they are used in
most automobiles as well as any hydraulic or gas based
closed system that relies on the regulation of gas or fluid
passage.
2
A= (20 )
A=314.15 mm2
Where, D = diameter of cylinder
L = length of cylinder
A = area of cylinder
Volume of cylinder
V= A X L
…….. (2)
V= 314.15 X 75
V= 23561.94 mm3
Force require for cutting of lemon
F= P X A
F=6 X 314.15
……. (3)
……..assuming air pressure=6 bar
F= 1884.9 N
Fig.3.1 Solenoid Valve
31
International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 6, Issue 4, April 2016)
At the output relay coil is connected when the counter
output is high one of the relay is on which provides power
to the pneumatic valve which is of 5/2 type and operated on
230 volt AC. It allows the pneumatic air flow to the double
acting cylinder. The cylinder is ejected in upward direction
which lifts a single lemon and drains it in an inclined metal
part so that it goes and rests in the die.
IV. WORKING OF THE SYSTEM
This invention relates to a device for cutting fruits like
lemons and other similar fruits, which are cut by the
machine into pieces continuously.
In this lemon cutting machine the tray is mounted on the
frame which has given an angle. In this tray the lemons are
stored and the tray is given a lifter which lifts one lemon at
a time. The lemon goes through the guide ways in the
cutter. As the lemon goes inside the upper cylinder operates
and it presses the lemon and when the upper cylinder is
released the lower cylinder operates and after that the
lemon is cut into pieces and are collected in the bucket or
tray. The above mechanical assembly is operated in a
particular sequence due to the use of electronic control
circuitry as the on and off time of both the cylinder should
be same.
Fig.4.1 Side View of Lemon Cutting Machine
The second operation which is followed by the first one
energizes another relay coil through which another solenoid
coil is on and allows the air flow to pass. The cylinder
ejects in downward direction and cuts the lemon. It is cut
into four pieces and accumulated in a downward tray. The
above sequence repeats continuously. The controlled
system is operated on DC power supply which is provided
separately. [1]
V. ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Components of the Electrical circuit are
Transformer 230V , Step down Transformer
Diode
Relay
Bridge Rectifier
Capacitance
Filter
Fig.4.1 Model of Lemon Cutting Machine
The system is controlled by using a time based
controlled system. IC-555 is used in cyclic timer mode. The
time can be adjusted by using a potentiometer. The pulse
generated by the timer is given to the sequential counter
that is CD4017. It generates the sequential output.
After two outputs third is given to reset so that only the
two outputs having equal time are provided. The output
from the counter is given to the relay driver that is
ULN2003 which is having seven darling pairs in a single
chip.
Fig.5.1 Electrical Circuit
32
International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 6, Issue 4, April 2016)
VI. CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
[1]
As demand of atomization is increasing at every
moment, it will prove a great bone of the world, since it
will save lot of timing as well as requirement of workers
which are specially recommended for cutting of Lemons.
This is today’s real condition in some food industries.
Sometimes accidents are happen with worker who is
cutting Lemons by using knife as well as other cutting
devices without using hand gloves. To eliminate this kind
of situation, we have to use an ultimate way for cutting
without any injury to the worker and to increase worker’s
safety.
We designed ―Automatic Pneumatically Operated
Lemons Cutting Machine‖ for save time; improve safety,
continuous flow of material etc. Our machine is working on
pneumatic energy so it requires air compressor for working.
As well as solenoid valve is also plays an important role in
our machine. Solenoid valve consumes electricity for
working. So compressor as well as electricity is required
for working of our project.
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
33
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