Content Objective: Describe the interaction of energy and matter.
Physical Science
Packet 17: Electromagnetism
Due: May 13th _____/ 15
Name_________________________________________ Group__________________
Electricity is related to charges, and both electrons and protons carry a charge. The
amount of the charge is the same for each particle, but opposite in sign. Electrons
carry a negative charge while protons carry positive charge. The objects around us
contain billions and billions of atoms, and each atom contains many protons and
electrons. The protons are located in the center of the atom, concentrated in a small
area called the nucleus. The electrons are in motion outside of the nucleus in orbitals.
The protons are basically trapped inside the nucleus and can't escape the nucleus. As a
result, it is moving electrons that are primarily responsible for electricity.
A magnet is a material or object that produces a magnetic field. This magnetic field is
invisible but is responsible for the most notable property of a magnet: a force that pulls
on other ferromagnetic materials, such as iron, and attracts or repels other magnets.
Magnetic fields are different from electric fields. Magnetic fields are areas where an
object exhibits a magnetic influence. The fields affect neighboring objects along things
called magnetic field lines. A magnetic object can attract or push away another
magnetic object. Magnetic poles are the points where the magnetic field lines begin
and end. Field lines converge or come together at the poles. You have probably heard
of the poles of the Earth. Those poles are places where our planets field lines come
together. We call those poles north and south because that's where they're located on
Earth. All magnetic objects have field lines and poles. It can be as small as an atom or
as large as a star.
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Electricity
Magnetism
Electromagnetism
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Content Objective: Describe the interaction of energy and matter.
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Circuits and Magnets
Build then draw a Parallel Circuit
Build then draw a Series Circuit
Magnetic Fields: Draw the magnetic fields that occur in the following configurations.
PhET: Electric Circuits
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Go to: http://phet.colorado.edu
Click on Play with Sims
On the side bar click Physics then Electricity, Magnets and Circuits
Click on the Circuit Construction Kit, (AC and DC) Virtual Lab
Hit Run As.
Part A: A Parallel Circuit
a. Use the batteries, connecting wires, and switch to
connect the two light bulbs in a parallel circuit exactly as
shown.
1) Open and close the switch and record your
observation of the lamps.
2) What are the Blue dots that are moving along the wires? Describe their motion.
3) Disconnect one bulb. Record your observation.
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Content Objective: Describe the interaction of energy and matter.
b. Reconnect the bulb.
c. Measure the total voltage of the circuit by placing the positive post of the voltmeter at the
positive end of the battery and the negative terminal of the voltmeter must be connected to
the negative end of the battery record (VT) in the Data Table.
d. Measure the voltage across a lamp by connecting the positive lead of the voltmeter to the
side of the lamp nearest to the positive end of the battery and the negative lead to the side
of the lamp nearest the negative end of the battery.
Record the voltage (Vp) in the Data Table.
e. Measure the total current by hovering the non-contact ammeter next to the battery. Record
the total current (IT) in the Data Table.
f. Measure the current flowing through light bulb 1 by Hovering the non-contact ammeter next
the lamp. Record the current (Ip) in the Data Table.
g. Replace the Battery with an AC Power source. Describe the voltage and current.
Part B: A Series Circuit
a. Use the batteries, connecting wires, and switch to
connect the two light bulbs in a series circuit exactly as
shown.
1. Close the switch and record your observation
2. Disconnect a bulb and record your observations.
b. Reconnect the bulb.
c. Repeat steps C- F from Part A and record in the data table.
d. Replace the Battery with an AC Power source. Describe the voltage and current.
Data Table 1
Circuit
Parallel
Vt
Voltage (Volts)
Vp
Current (Amperes)
It
Ip
Series
Analysis: How does voltage change in parallel vs. Series?
Conclusion: What is Voltage?
How does Current change in voltage vs. series? Why?
What is Current?
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Content Objective: Describe the interaction of energy and matter.
PHET Magnetism – Lab Grade
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Go to http://phet.colorado.edu Click on the Orange box in the center labeled ‘play with sims’
Click on physics on the sidebars then electricity magnets and circuits.
Select the simulation “Faraday’s Electromagnetic lab” and hit Run Now
TAB: BAR MAGNET
1. What do you suppose the compass needles drawn all over the screen represent?
2. Click “flip polarity” and describe what happens.
TAB: ELECTROMAGNET
3. Play with the voltage slider and describe what happens to the current in the coil and the
magnetic field around the coil.
4. What is your guess as to the relationship between the current in the coil and the magnetic
field?
5. Observe the differences in current flow between Direct current (DC) and Alternating Current
(AC).
TAB: GENERATOR
6. How are Magnets used to produce electricity?
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Vocab: Define the following terms and use them to fill in the blanks on the questions:
Electricity:
Magnet:
Electromagnetism:
1. _____________________ is produced by_________________________________
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2. A magnetic field can be produced by _______________________________and
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