2015 Click-To-Call Commerce Mobile Performance Report Contents SECTION I – OVERVIEW Mobile Consumers Click-to-Call. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 03 SECTION II – CLICK-TO-CALL COMMERCE The $1 Trillion Click-To-Call Economy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 04 SECTION III – PURCHASE BEHAVIOR Click-to-Call Conversion Rates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 06 SECTION IV – WHO’S CALLING Click-to-Call Demographics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 09 SECTION V – ROBOCALLS How Spam Impacts Click-to-Call. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 SECTION VI – LEAKY FUNNEL The Challenge Of Unanswered Calls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 SECTION VII What’s Next. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com 2 SECTION I — OVERVIEW Mobile Consumers Click-to-Call Brrnnggg. Brrnnggg. With the advent of smartphones, phones are ringing at U.S. businesses like never before. After years of customers Internetbrowsing their way to your website (though maybe never your door), click-to-call has emerged as the most common form of purchase-oriented activity from mobile ads. A June 2015 report from BIA/Kelsey predicts that calls to businesses from smartphones will reach 162 billion by 2019.1 Mobile advertising platforms have taken notice, with Facebook introducing new click-to-call functionality and Google launching “Call-Only” mobile ads in 2015. Advertisers already spend an estimated $4 billion annually2 on click-to-call for paid search, in addition to investing in click-to-call campaigns that occur across hundreds of mobile publishers through products like the Marchex Call Marketplace. New click-to-call performance products, like those recently launched by the mobile-focused unit inside WPP’s Xaxis 3 are a sign that there will be more opportunities available to advertisers and we believe that spending on click-to-call will rise dramatically as mobile advertising platforms mature. By 2019, BIA/Kelsey expects 162 BILLION phone calls from mobile phones to businesses © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com Why are calls more valuable than clicks? A call connects a merchant with a prospect in the flesh – or nearly in the flesh. There is no separation of miles and pages of inscrutable content and Internet ether. The customer is right there, on the line, asking questions. Old-fashioned salesmanship has an opportunity to blossom. You can take the caller by the hand, and lead them down the sales journey path to that magical destination called The Close. What’s more, calls made from mobile phones are exciting because the customer is typically not tethered to a PC or laptop at home or work. They’re very likely on the move. They could be near your store. Or in your store! Mobile calls are goldmines, representing prospects who are thinking about your business, possibly within physical range of making a purchase and, most importantly, are available for old-fashioned person-to-person communication, persuasion and deal-closing. What is new in this report? While marketers now know that click-to-call is essential to mobile consumers, there has been a lack of data available to quantify both how these phone calls convert into revenue and some of the challenges that marketers face in click-to-call campaigns. Data for this study comes from 24 million aggregated and anonymous phone calls analyzed over the last 18 months by Marchex Call DNA, part of the Marchex Call Analytics platform. Marchex Call DNA scores and classifies phone calls automatically to provide marketers data on consumer intent, sales and audiences. This is real performance data that tells who is calling, how they got to your business, why they’re calling, what percentage of calls are valid prospects and who should be answering the phone on your end. 3 SECTION II — CLICK-TO-CALL COMMERCE The $1 Trillion Click-To-Call Economy Much has been written about how often consumers click-to-call from smartphones, and how that behavior influences how consumers research and select products and services. But little has been written about how much consumers are actually spending after they connect with a business by phone. The answer may surprise you as click-to-call is growing more quickly and is responsible for considerably more purchases than e-commerce. E-commerce has grown to more than $300 Billion in consumer spending in 2014. This is a large number, but only a fraction of the more than $11 trillion per year spent by Americans.4 So how do Americans spend the other $10.7 trillion? Once we remove housing and health care, which account for roughly 30% of this figure, we’re left mainly with products and services that consumers purchase in-store or over-the-phone. Which industries contribute to the click-to-call economy? Auto insurance is one industry where most consumers that buy a new policy do so over the phone, or start with a phone Household Operations Vehicle Expenses, call. Other industries where the majority of purchases include Including Insurance and Repair a phone call in the path to purchase include home repair, Vehicle Purchases legal services, appointment-based services like dentists, Personal Care cable & satellite television, auto repair, and many types of Entertainment local businesses from carpet cleaners to spas. Certain travel Retail Sales 0 $100B $200B $300B $400B $500B $600B 3T purchases, like a cruise, are almost always purchased by phone. Consumer Expenditures: Bureau of Labor Statistics 2013. More than half of consumers use search engines as the primary Retail Spending: Forrester 2014 vehicle to find a car, and most of these searches are mobile. More than 75% of leads to auto dealers from mobile are phone calls! And then there are many retail purchases where a phone call is used to verify store hours, inventory or answer a simple question. Consumer Expenditures Significantly Influenced by Phone Calls Percent Of Consumers Who Would Be Very Likely Or Extremely Likely To “Click-to-call” 60% 58% 46% 66% 58% 72% Car Bank Account Home Goods Home Hotel Professional Google, 2014 In 2015, Americans will spend more than $1 trillion in click-to-call commerce. Consumers increasingly use mobile phones for “business lookups”. This year, advisory firm BIA/Kelsey estimates that there will be 93 billion consumer-to-business phone calls from smartphones, and this is expected to grow to a whopping 162 billion by 2019.1 © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com 4 Mean Purchase Value Of Products Purchased By Click-To-Call Calls Happen Around High Value, High Consideration Purchases Auto Highest Price Threshold – $1,195 $416 Finance $320 Travel $265 Tech $170 Local $119 Retail $33 Restaurant In our analysis of more than 24 million phone calls, the Marchex Call Analytics platform finds that the average conversion rate (to a sale, appointment or reservation) is 5-25% (see Section III). When we take the average order size of these purchases, we conservatively estimate that “click-to-call commerce”, defined as a phone call that ends in an over-the-phone sale, appointment, reservation or Google, 2014 in-store sales is responsible for $1 trillion in consumer spending, and will grow to nearly $2 trillion by 2019 as the majority of business lookups will occur on a mobile phone. 93B annual calls from mobile today, growing to 162B by 2019 60 Annual Calls (billions) “Click-to-call is literally the connection between the mobile consumer and American businesses for billions of purchases each year”, says Michael Boland, Chief Analyst at BIA/Kelsey. “Across dozens of industries, more than $1 trillion in consumer expenditures are a direct result of this consumer action.” Calls Driven to Businesses From Smartphones, by Format 70 50 40 30 20 10 0 2014 Search 2015 2016 Traditional Display 2017 Landing Pages 2018 2019 Native Social BIA/Kelsey 2015 Click-To-Call Commerce, United States $2.0 $1.8 $1.94T $1.6 $1.75T $1.4 $1.55T $1.2 $1.0 $0.8 $1.12T $1.23T $0.6 $0.4 $0.2 $0 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Marchex, 2015 © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com 5 SECTION III — PURCHASE BEHAVIOR Click-to-Call Conversion Rates What type of return should a marketer expect from click-to-call campaigns? This section is dedicated to the marketer that is looking for industry benchmarks on clickto-call conversion rates, and answers several important questions. The graph below shows, for a selection of industries, the percentage of calls that are product or service-related. You might wonder why every phone call isn’t product-or-service related. On average, one in four calls can be anything from job inquiries to solicitations to business-to-business calls… not necessarily the types of calls you want from your marketing program. How many of my phone calls should I expect to be product and service calls, as opposed to calls from job-seekers, solicitors and wrong numbers? How many of these phone calls should I expect to convert into sales or appointments? We’ll cover these topics here, and save the following sections for the $64,000 question: How do I improve the conversion of my click-to-call campaigns? Is your industry not available below? Chances are we have the data, so reach out to us (see Section VI) and we’ll see if we can provide it to you. It is also important to note that this only takes into account calls that are at least 30 seconds long. We’ll cover the impact of robocalls and other types of short calls in Section IV. Percentage of Product/Service Related Calls by Industry 90% 80% % of total calls 70% 60% 50% 74% 77% 60% 20% 75% 67% 67% 52% 40% 30% 73% 71% 69% 70% 83% 34% 10% © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com re Ca n Vi sio in ar ian s in g Ve te r To w ce Pe nd s st ca Co pi nt ng r Le ol & ga lS er vic es Lo ck sm ith s Pl um be rs ra n La su In Au Au to to De Re ale pa rs ir Ca & bl Se e& rv Sa ice te llit eS er vic Co es Ho ns m tru e I ct m ion pr ov & em en t De nt ist s 0 6 This next graph takes those product and service calls, and shows how many (in blue) are conversions to sales, appointments or reservations. When compared to PC advertising, these conversion rates are colossal, typically 4x the rate of online conversions. The non-converting customers aren’t “bad phone calls”, these are just consumers that decided not to buy today. Effective marketers are learning how to remarket to these consumers, or using data from Marchex Call DNA to understand why these customers are not converting. Sale/Appointment and Product Discussion Rates for Selected Industries Sale/Appt Other Product Inquiries 70% 18% 60% % of total calls 50% 20% 40% 30% 20% 38% 20% 22% 31% 15% 24% 10% 8% 14% 32% 10% 20% 36% 5% 19% 20% 25% 48% 39% 20% 29% 32% 32% 26% 20% re s g Ca n sio Vi in ar ian in Ve te r To w rs be um Pl Au Au to De to ale Re pa rs Ca ir & bl Se e& rv Sa ice te llit eS er vic Co es Ho ns m tru e I ct m ion pr ov & em en t De nt ist s In su ra nc La e n Pe d st sca Co pi nt ng ro & l Le ga lS er vic es Lo ck sm ith s 0 See p.8 for Travel & Financial Services Key Takeaways Conversion rates from mobile phone calls are on average 4X higher than those from desktop PCs. 5 -25% of calls to advertisers convert into a sale, appointment, or reservation. Approximately three out of four calls to advertisers are product and service-related calls. © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com 7 Spotlight Financial Services 16% For financial services and insurance campaigns, the median conversion rate is 9.5%. Top performing campaigns can reach 15% and some campaigns convert at just 6.4%. 14% It is important to note that this data is from comprehensive, multi-channel mobile campaigns. Individual campaign flights or test campaigns may have conversion rates outside of these ranges. 10% Benchmark conversion rates for mobile advertising campaigns take into account phone calls from prospects (callers that selected a “new customer” prompt on a phone tree or IVR). The conversion rate is defined as the percentage of callers that become policy holders or open a new account. Data set includes more than 400,000 phone calls from January-December 2014 to Marchex advertisers in the financial/insurance industries. Travel 12% 8% 15% Highest Observed 12% 75th Percentile 9.5% Median 7.6% 25th Percentile 6% 6.4% Lowest Observed 4% 2% 0% Observed Range of Conversion Rates for Advertisers in Insurance/Financial Services What special services and features are callers asking for? Consumers on desktop are in research mode. On mobile, they’re in purchase mode. Our data show that the conversion rate is consistently over 25% for rental cars and over 20% for hotels. When a consumer is on the phone with an advertiser, there is a far greater likelihood this exchange will lead to a booking. Why are Consumers Calling? Despite its great efficiencies, the desktop experience fails to serve one of our most basic needs – the need to speak with someone else. Oftentimes, that human connection is key to closing a sale. And oftentimes, that connection is key to generating higher-value transactions. HOTEL CAR Nearby attractions & events Truck, mini-van for utility Convenient transport & shuttle options Airport pickup Amenities (meals, pool, fitness) One way rental Event hosting (weddings) Recent accident/ breakdown Childcare Data set includes more than 10,000 phone calls from January-December 2013 to Marchex advertisers in the travel industries. © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com 8 SECTION IV — WHO’S CALLING Click-to-Call Demographics It perhaps should not be surprising that mobile callers are younger and less affluent than PC users – after all, young people are the ones with smartphones glued to their hands at all times. But these Millennials, currently aged 21-34, are a prized demographic for most brands, spending more than $1.3 trillion annually. This section provides demographic data on a set of aggregated and anonymized consumers that placed more than 1 million consumer phone calls from mobile advertisements to businesses, as measured by the Marchex Call Analytics platform and the Marchex Call Marketplace. Mobile callers are more likely to be young, single, and of relatively low income, which is not unusual, as they are just starting their careers. Age - Mobile Callers Income - Mobile Callers Age - Mobile Callers Income - Mobile Callers Under 25 Under 25 25 to 34 25 to 34 35 to 44 35 to 44 45 to 54 45 to 54 55 to 64 55 to 64 65+ 65+ 0 50 100 150 0Index Value 50 100U.S. Population 150 Against Average Less Than $25K Less Than $25K $25K to $50K $25K to $50K $50K to $75K $50K to $75K $75K to $100K $75K to $100K More Than $100K More Than $100K Index Value Against Average U.S. Population Index Value Against Average U.S. Population Home Ownership - Mobile Callers Home Ownership - Mobile Callers Not Home Owners Not Home Owners Low Rate of HomeLow Ownership Rate of Home Ownership Average Rate of Home Ownership Average Rate of Home Ownership Highest Rate of Home Ownership Highest Rate of Home Ownership 0 50 100 150 U.S. Population 0Index Value Against 50 Average100 150 Index Value Against Average U.S. Population 20 40 60 80 100 120 Value Against 20Index 40 60 Average 80 U.S. 100Population 120 Marital Status - Mobile Callers Marital Status - Mobile Callers Single Single Married Married 50 0 100 150 0Index Value 50 100U.S. Population 150 Against Average Index Value Against Average U.S. Population Key Takeaway Click-to-Call advertising is a great way to reach Millennials, who are eager to connect directly with businesses. © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com 9 SECTION V — ROBOCALLS & MISDIALS How Spam Impacts Click-to-Call Click-to-call campaigns can be noisy. A common complaint we hear from a first-time click-to-call marketer is something along the lines of “I received a lot of short calls and spam calls, and wasn’t able to figure out how to deal with it.” This section is designed to quantify this challenge for marketers, and provide some advice on how to deal with it. When advertisers started paying for clicks more than a decade ago, they quickly realized there were millions of clicks they shouldn’t be paying for – from repeat customers, bots, spam and fraud. The advertising industry has found ways to mitigate these problems for pay-per-click campaigns. Likewise, click-to-call campaigns suffer from some of these problems due to the immaturity of most mobile advertising platforms that cannot effectively measure phone calls. This section shows, by publisher type, the percentage of calls that are Spam & Misdials, as identified and blocked by Marchex Clean Call. We divide the rest of the calls, by publisher type, into two types. New Customer Calls are calls from prospects that result in meaningful conversations. Short, Customer Service & Repeat Calls are the rest as identified by Marchex Call Analytics. Effective marketers are using call analytics platforms to measure and optimize click-to-call campaigns, or buying phone calls from a mobile advertising network that has built-in call analytics technology and only charges advertisers for highquality inbound phone calls. More information can be found in Section VII. Percentage of Callers 54% 24 Million+ Phone Calls In 2014 - 2015 34% 12% Total Calls SPAM & Misdials Short, Customer Service & Repeat Calls Search: Percentage of Callers Directories: Percentage of Callers 21% 65% 61% 1 Million+ Phone Calls From Search in 2014 - 2015 New Customer Calls 6 Million+ Phone Calls From Directories in 2014 - 2015 25% 18% Total Calls SPAM & Misdials Short, Customer Service & Repeat Calls © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com New Customer Calls 10% Total Calls SPAM & Misdials Short, Customer Service & Repeat Calls New Customer Calls 10 Voice: Percentage of Callers Display: Percentage of Callers 53% 16 Million+ Phone Calls From Voice in 2014 - 2015 48% 1 Million+ Phone Calls From Display in 2014 - 2015 ` 34% 35% 17% 13% Total Calls SPAM & Misdials Short, Customer Service & Repeat Calls New Customer Calls Total Calls SPAM & Misdials Short, Customer Service & Repeat Calls New Customer Calls Key Takeaways Overall, 51% of calls were filtered out as spam and misdials. The issues vary by severity across different mobile channels By gaining visibility into call quality, advertisers can quickly respond to spam and fraud issues to minimize loss and increase marketing efficiency. © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com 11 SECTION VI — LEAKY FUNNEL The Challenge Of Unanswered Calls 1 in 5 Calls From Mobile Phones Are Abandoned 9% In desktop digital marketing, marketers miss opportunities when their website is down. In the world of mobile marketing, marketers miss opportunities when calls from consumers are not answered. 18% Hang-ups & Abandons Conversations Other 73% The new challenge in the mobile marketing world is getting the calls through. The call center becomes the critical connection between consumers and advertisers in the mobile marketing world. How are advertisers doing in getting consumers through to businesses? Whereas the previous section explored the impact of spam and misdials, this section addresses the challenge of consumers that hang-up or abandon the phone call when they are placed on hold or before a business or call center picks up. Our data shows that, in 2015, nearly 20% of calls result in a hang-up, usually due to hold-time or an unanswered call. This is a huge percentage, which should motivate advertisers to focus on the call experience. Note: Based on Marchex Call Marketplace data. Calls were classified using Marchex Call DNA technology Abandon Rate for Select Industries, 2015 % of all classified calls 35% 30% 31% 25% 25% 20% 15% 10% 18% 15% 5% 0 Automotive Real-Estate & Multi-Family Housing Cable & Satellite Financial Services Local SMB Average Note: ForMarchex selected Marchex Call Analytics callsover over 45 in duration with Callwith DNACall classifications. Note: For selected Call Analytics calls 45seconds seconds in duration DNA classifications. © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com 12 Callers were also more likely to hang up on a local business than a call center. This is perhaps because they have dedicated phone-answering professionals while local business may not have dedicated or trained staff to answer phones. Hang-Up Rates by Caller Destination Type % of all call outcomes 25% 24% 20% 15% 10% 18% 5% 0 Call Center Local Business Note: Hang-up rateCall taken from an (_____) clients average of call scoring outcomes distinct Marchex Call Marketplace clients. Hang-ups included, voicemail/phone-tree and hold-time/ring hang-ups. Note: Data from Marchex Marketplace using Marchex Callacross DNA17Classifications. What can marketers do about hang-ups? This first thing to do is to monitor hang-ups automatically with a call analytics platform. Effective marketers then can build a business case around appropriate staffing, or limit click-to-call campaigns during certain times of day or days of week. On average, appropriate staffing can improve ROI by a minimum of 10%. Marketers can also use conversational analytics technology like Marchex Call DNA to identify problems such as hold time for internal transfers, and the use of terms that might indicate a consumer is having trouble understanding a representative. Data from more than 2 million calls shows that consumers use terms like “repeat” or “understand” in nearly 20% of phone calls. A more lighthearted look at this data was profiled recently on our corporate blog, which showed how often consumers curse when calling a specific industry.5 Key Takeaway One in five calls from mobile phones are abandoned. © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com 13 SECTION VII What’s Next To get detailed data about mobile call activity in your industry, have the Marchex Institute perform mobile call research for your company, or to have Marchex create mobile advertising campaigns for your company and analyze your campaign data, contact the authors John Busby johnb@marchex.com or Poom Poochaiyanont ppoochaiyanont@marchex.com. Or visit us at www.marchex.com or @marchex on Twitter to learn more. We’d love to hear from you! SECTION VIII About Marchex Marchex is a mobile advertising analytics company that connects online behavior to real-world, offline actions. By linking critical touchpoints in the customer journey, Marchex’s products enable a 360-degree view of marketing effectiveness. Brands and agencies utilize Marchex’s products to transform business performance. Please visit www.marchex.com, blog.marchex.com or @marchex on Twitter (Twitter.com/Marchex), where Marchex discloses material information from time to time about the company, its financial information, and its business. Marchex Call Analytics Marchex Call DNA Marchex Call Marketplace Marchex Call Analytics, a real-time mobile advertising platform that measures sales and consumer intent from mobile, click-to-call campaigns. Marchex Call DNA is the only conversational analytics technology that automatically classifies, scores and visually maps every phone automatically, even for advertisers that do not use call recording. Marchex Call Marketplace is a click-to-call advertising network that enables advertisers to generate high-quality phone leads directly from mobile Web and in-app ads across hundreds of top publishers and apps. Advertisers such as ADT Home Security and T-Mobile use Call DNA to measure and optimize click-tocall campaigns. Advertisers such as State Farm Insurance and Intercontinental Hotels Group use Marchex Call Marketplace to reach and acquire new customers. Advertisers such as Time Warner Cable and agencies such as Resolution Media use Marchex Call Analytics to measure and grow mobile sales. © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com 14 SECTION IX Marchex Institute JOHN BUSBY, Senior Vice President of Consumer Insights & Marketing John Busby is Senior Vice President of Consumer Insights & Marketing at Marchex. Since 2010, John has run the Marchex Institute, a consumer insights group that publishes findings on mobile advertising, call analytics and online-to-offline commerce. The Marchex Institute also provides custom research and consulting services for key customers on their mobile and call-ready advertising campaigns. Previously, John served as Vice President, Product Engineering. Prior to joining Marchex in 2003, he held various product and program management roles at InfoSpace’s consumer and wireless divisions, Go2net and IQ Chart. John has a bachelor’s degree from Northwestern University. POOM POOCHAIYANONT, Analytics Manager, Marchex Institute Poom Poochaiyanont is an Analytics Manager at the Marchex Institute. He’s responsible for providing multichannel analytics consulting and strategic consumer insights to Marchex’s key clients, with the goal to help improve ROI in their digital advertising. Prior to joining Marchex, Poom spent more than seven years working as an independent SEO consultant to help many local businesses in Seattle improve their online visibility. Poom is an avid runner and collects old vinyl records in his spare time. SOPHIA ROBINSON, Analytics Manager, Marchex Institute Sophia Robinson is an Analytics Manager at the Marchex Institute. She’s responsible for providing multichannel analytics consulting and strategic consumer insights to Marchex’s key clients, with the goal to help improve ROI in their digital advertising. Prior to joining Marchex, Sophia spent nine years in data visualization and analytics in diverse fields such as astrophysics, body building and insurance. Sophia has bachelor’s degrees in physics and mathematics from University of Washington. She also minored in music, and is pursuing a side project composing and arranging original music. INSTITUT E ABOUT THE MARCHEX INSTITUTE The Marchex Institute is a team of data scientists and senior analysts that deliver customized reports and insights for clients of our Call Marketplace and Call Analytics products. These findings inform business decisions and measurably boost ad campaign returns. The Institute’s insights and analyses have landed headlines in The Wall Street Journal, USA Today, Forbes and other national media outlets. © Marchex, Inc. All Rights Reserved. www.marchex.com 1. http://blog.biakelsey.com/index.php/2015/06/24/calls-to-businesses-frommobile-devices-will-reach-162-billion-by-2019/ 2. http://www.marchex.com/institute/4-billion-blind-spot 3. http://www.mediapost.com/publications/article/254072/xaxis-light-reactionteams-with-marchex-for-click.html 4. Bureau of Labor Statistics 5. http://blog.marchex.com/2013/12/18/new-marchex-call-analytics-data-rankswhich-businesses-get-consumers-cursing-over-the-phone/ 15