Concentrating Solar Power
Technology, deployment and research perspective
Dr. Karl-Heinz Funken on behalf of Prof. Dr.-Ing. Robert Pitz-Paal
Institute of Technical Thermodynamics
Solar Research
German Aerospace Centre (DLR)
Linder Höhe, D 51147 Köln
Development of European electricity demand and its coverage by
power plants already existing in 2000
¾ moderate increase due to
efficiency gains and sociodemographic development
¾ significant investments
required to replace “old”
plants
¾ targets for reduced CO2
emissions and increased
renewable sources
¾ window of opportunity for
restructuring of electricity
sector
¾ and to reduce dependency
on imported fuels
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Development of MENA electricity demand, and its coverage by power
plants already existing in 2000
¾ significant increase due
to economic and
population growth
¾ significant investments
required for new plants
¾ window of opportunity
for sustainable local
electricity and water
supply
¾ potential of future
electricity exports
¾ unique opportunity for
closer economic,
political and social links
with Europe
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Renewable energy resources in Europe and MENA
in brackets: (max. yield in GWhel / km² /y)
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
¾ renewable resources
greatly exceed the
present and future
electricity demands
¾ solar radiation is by far
the most abundant
source of energy
Economic renewable electricity potentials
vs. demand in Europe and MENA
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
¾ renewable resources
greatly exceed the
present and future
electricity demands
¾ solar radiation is by far
the most abundant
source of energy
¾ 1 km² of desert land
may generate 50 MW
of electricity
¾ 1 km2 of desert land
may produce 200 - 300
GWhel / year
¾ 1 km² of desert land
avoids 200,000 tons
CO2 / year
Economic renewable electricity potentials
vs. demand in Europe and MENA
The electrical energy produced by a solar power
¾ Solar thermal power plants are the most
technology
to harvest
this
planteffective
with the size
of Lake Nasser
equals
thevast
total
ressource
Middle East oil production
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Why solar thermal power plants ?
Conventional power plants
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Why solar thermal power plants ?
Solar thermal power plants
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Why solar thermal power plants ?
can be integrated into conventional
thermal power plants
provide firm capacity (thermal
storage, fossil backup)
serve different markets (bulk power,
remote power, heat, water)
have the lowest costs for solar
electricity
have an energy payback time of only
6-12 months
Solar thermal power plants
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Solnova 1, PS 10 and PS 20
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
ANDASOL 1 and ANDASOL 2
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
CTS Puertollano
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
La Risca / Alvarado
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Novatec-Biosol Fresnel Plant in Spain
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
ANDASOL 1, Guadix, Spain
(50 MW, 7 h Storage, 2009)
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
New Concentrating Solar Power Projects
Nevada Solar One
Las Vegas, USA (64 MW, 2007)
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Villarrobledo
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
MW
800_
831 MW
Connection schedule for the
next STE Plants in Spain
700 _
LADEH
MANCH1
PALM1
EXTR2
600 _
MAJAD
SOLN4
500 _
FLORID
LEBR1
400 _
PALM2
SOLN3
300 _
SOLN1
EXTR1
200_
AND2
RISCA
100 _
PUERT
PS20
AND1
PS10
Mar-09Jun-09 Sep-09 Dic-09 Mar-10 Jun-10Sep-10 Dic-10
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
STE applications for grid connection points: 14.730 MW
This can really
be defined as a
“true pipeline
of projects”
Source REE – May 2009
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Concentrating Solar Power Projects 2009
Units in MW
430 MW operating, 500 MW under construction
~9,000 MW in advanced development
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Research Needs
High quality – low cost collectors
Efficient low cost energy storage
Higher system temperature to increase system efficiency
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Quality assurance during manufacturing and operation
Measured
Ray-Tracing
Flux distribution next to absorber tube
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Quality assurance during manufacturing and operation
DLR spin-off company:
Concentrating collectors prototype evaluation
Parabolic troughs, heliostats, Fresnel systems, dishes
Solar field and components quality assurance
Inspection and performance improvement of solar fields
Development support
Due Diligence
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Solid material heat storage
Temperature and Flow 01.11 - 26.11.2008
400
Oil temperature "hot" side
Oil temperature "cold" side
Flow
380
360
340
300
280
260
20
240
0
220
-20
Flow in m³/h
Temperature in °C
320
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
01
05
10
15
Time in days
20
25
26
Pilot-scale concrete heat store
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Solid material heat storage
Storage Package
50 m
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Solid material heat storage
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Solid material heat storage
50.000 m³ Concrete Storage Material
Î 6 h – Storage for 50 MW-Power Plant
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Direct Solar Steam Generation
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
The solar gas turbine approach
CC
η = 25 % (annual)
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Rankine
η = 16 % (annual)
Robert Pitz-Paal
The solar gas turbine approach
SOLUGAS-Project (EU-supported)
Partner: Abengoa, DLR, GEA, Turbomach/Solar turbines, NEAL
Electric power: 5 MW
Heavy duty gas turbine Mercury 50
GT-efficiency as standard product: 38,5%
Without recuperator
Location: Adjacent to Plataforma Solar
Project start: 10/2008
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
Thank you for your attention
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal
For more information refer to
www.DLR.de/tt
www.DLR.de/tt/med-csp
www.DLR.de/tt/trans-csp
www.DLR.de/tt/aqua-csp
Concentrating Solar Technologies
Robert Pitz-Paal