Liquid filled transformers
IEC standard small and medium,
rated power<2500 kVA, HV ≤36 kV
Even our standard solutions are special
In almost every place where people live and work you will find
at least one transformer. But as long as it keeps working and
supplying power to the escalator in the department store, the
hotel lift, the office computer, the oven in the local bakery, the farm
machinery or the petrochemical plant nobody gives it a second
thought.
However, transformers are one of the most important units in
every production process. Without them the core activities of
nearly every business and factory would come to a standstill
– with serious financial consequences.
After nearly 100 years developing and manufacturing transformers
we are well aware of this dependency. This is why we never
compromise on the performance, security or reliability of our
products. Nor on design, materials, manufacturing methods,
environmental protection or recycling.
Our objective is to support you and to add value to your activities
by offering a comprehensive range of quality transformers.
We also provide top class service and support.
2 Liquid filled transformers
With this approach we can tailor the most appropriate technical
solution to every problem. A high Duality solution with better
service and support, better for the environment and yet with
greater availability and a lower total cost ownership than our
competitors.
All over the world – in underground railways, in amusement parks
and every place where people work or live – you will find ABB
transformers at work.
ABB invites you to find the optimal solution to your application and
to see with your own eyes that even our standard solutions are
special.
Quality statement
Our production facilities are ISO 9001/14001, GOST certified. Our
aim is to deliver your distribution transformers fast, on time and
conform to your specifications.
Working with us, you have access to a worldwide network
of factories and facilities serving you locally with a full range
of products and solutions. Our warranty provides one ABB quality
and service.
Construction features
Description
ABB factories manufacture a wide range of oil and dry type
transformers. This brochure describes three phase oil type
distribution transformers up to 2500 kVA and 36kV.
They are used to step down three-phase high voltage to low
voltage for power distribution, mainly in urban areas and for
industrial applications. Our standard transformers are designed
for use in moderate climates and can be installed both outdoors
and indoors. The loading capability is designed to comply with
IEC 354. Distribution transformers can be hermetically sealed
(the tank is completely filled with oil) or equipped with an oil
conservator. Tanks are constructed with flexible corrugated walls
(fins), which enables sufficient cooling of the transformer.
The corrugated walls also compensate for the changes in the oil
volume during operation. An advantage of the hermetically sealed
transformers is that oil is never in contact with the atmosphere
thus avoiding periodic oil analysis.
Our transformers are adaptable for pole mounting or assembly in
substations.
Standard features
Hermetically sealed:
– corrugated tank,
– HV and LV DIN bushings,
– off-circuit tap changer,
– oil drain valve,
– oil filling plug on the cover,
– lifting lugs,
– earthing terminals,
– rating plate,
– mineral oil (inhibited or uninhibited),
– overpressure valve.
Additionally, for transformers with a conservator:
– magnetic oil level indicator,
– Buchholz relay,
– oil filling plug on the conservator,
– dehydrating breather.
Other product types with different dimensions and technical
specifications can be designed and manufactured on request.
ABB technology – Common Technology (CT)
Our transformers are manufactured to provide you with a high
quality and reliable transformer. ABB have developed a Common
Technology (CT) platform, which defines design standards,
equipment and processes used in all our factories. Use of this
Common Technology enables us to guarantee our customers
a high quality and consistent product.
The key production features of our small and medium distribution
common technology are:
– oval core,
– step lap,
– automatic cutting and stacking of core legs,
–w
indings directly wound on the core legs or mandrels with 2 HV
coils in parallel (smallest units),
–e
poxy diamond dotted paper insulation between LV layers,
– tapered or full width layer insulation in HV windings.
What we achieved is:
– standardization of products,
– automation of production,
– stable process and quality,
– high reliability,
– higher LV insulation level.
Liquid filled transformers 3
Core
The magnetic circuit is of the three-column type with mitred joints.
It is manufactured with firstrate, grain oriented magnetic,
cold-rolled silicon steel laminations. The mounted core is clamped
down in order to reduce vibrations and minimize noise levels.
Further noise level and no load losses decreasing are achieved
by step lap core construction.
Core design is an important factor of any transformer’s efficiency.
The geometric core arrangement and the materials chosen
determine the losses and noise levels. Grain oriented transformer
sheet steel is used in the core construction. It is cut by the most
modern, fully automated core cutting machinery and assembled
into limb and yoke sets. This results in high dimensional accuracy,
excellent space factor, and low loss values. By using step-lap
technology, the no-load currents can be reduced improving
the drawbacks associated with reactive power compensation.
Windings
The windings are made of two components, conductor material
and the insulation material. The conductors used are a high grade
electrolytic copper or aluminum. They are insulated with pure
cellulose or double enamel. The HV windings are wound either
with round, double enamel insulated, or rectangular, paper
insulated wire. The LV windings are wound with rectangular paper
insulated wire, enameled wire or foil. The windings are designed
4 Liquid filled transformers
to meet the customer’s insulation level requirements and also
to withstand the short circuit forces as outlined in IEC 60076-5.
The neutral point of LV windings are brought up to the tank cover.
Off-circuit tap changer
The tappings of the HV winding, are connected to the off-circuit
tap changer located horizontally between the yoke and the tank
cover. The handle is located on the cover and should only be
operated when the transformer is deenergized. The design
prevents setting the off-circuit tap changer to intermediate
positions. The mechanism can also be padlocked during normal
transformer operation.
Insulating liquids
The mineral oil – both inhibited and uninhibited types – with its
electrical and chemical characteristics is in compliance with
the IEC Standards and is P.C.B. and P.C.T. free.
ABB provides and promotes its own solution as well. BIOTEMP®
is biodegradable, vegetable based oil dielectric insulating fluid
used in electrical transformers. The product reduces
environmental threats posed by transformer insulating oil spills.
On special requests other fluids are available (silicon oil or midel).
...manufactured, assembled, painted and tested in the factory
SmartChoke-protected, high dU/dt resistant transformer by ABB
Tank and cover
Tank walls are made of corrugated cooling surfaces. The bottom
plate, side and frames are of welded construction. The welds are
tested for oil tightness. All protection device flanges, bushings, tap
switch drive and lifting lugs are fitted on the tank cover.
The cover is bolted to the tank frame.
The underbase channel is welded to the base plate and the rollers
are suitable for either longitudinal or transverse movements.
Single pole 3-phase transformers are delivered with flat base as
standard, but optionally can be equipped with underbase channel
beams where bi-directional wheels are a requirement.
The complete tank is tested and approved according
to CENELEC HD 428.6 S1 standard. Special type lifecycle tests
of more than 10 000 cycles simulating over 30 years operation
were carried out with positive results.
Painting and surface treatment
All metal parts are carefully sand-blasted. The initial protective
coating is made up of a single coat of one pack epoxy paint.
The final paint coating is made up of several coats of paint.
Alternatively, hot dip galvanized transformers can be supplied for
use in heavy corrosion areas. All units are painted in RAL 7033
but other colors are available on request. Detailed painting
procedures for different environmental conditions are also
available.
Options and accessories
– Plug-in bushings on HV side
– Dial type thermometer with two contacts
Distribution transformer equipped with LV surge arresters
– Oil level indicator
– Pressure relief valve with or without contacts
– Multifunction protection device
– HV and LV cable boxes (IP 44 or IP 55)
– Off-circuit tap changer with 3,5 or 7 positions (9 on request)
– Thermometer pocket
– Skid base or bi-directional rollers
– Pole brackets integrated on tank
– Arcing horns
– Dual high voltage transformers
– Galvanized tank
– Terminal box.
Smartchoke
Unique ABB solution to protect transformers against ultra steep
front waves which are extremely dangerous to the electrical
equipments like transformers. It reduces both steepness and
amplitude of high dU/dt transients. As it is integrated with the
bushings the filtering takes place before it reaches the windings.
LOVOS
Transformer can be equipped with LOVOS – a new generation of
LV surge arresters without spark gap and with varistors of metal
oxide technology. It provides protection along LV overhead lines,
for different electrical equipment connected to the line, from
transformers up to measuring instruments. Arresters installed on
the secondary bushings reduce the overvoltages generated in the
medium voltage system and transferred to the low voltage side
by capacitive, magnetic or earth coupling through a transformer
itself. In this way high quality of electricity supply is secured.
Liquid filled transformers 5
Quality and references
Quality and testing
Our production facilities where all ABB transformers are
manufactured are certified according to ISO 9001:2000,
ISO 14001:2004, PN-N-18001:2004 and GOST.
At the end of the manufacturing process the transformers are
individually tested in accordance with the IEC Standards.
The routine tests are according to IEC 60076-1:
– Measurement of winding resistance,
– Measurement of voltage ratio and check of phase displacement,
– Measurement of short-circuit impedance and load loss,
– Measurement of no-load loss and current,
– Dielectric routine tests,
– Tests on on-load tap-changers, where appropriate.
Upon request, witnessed type/special tests can be carried out:
– Temperature-rise test (IEC 60076-2),
– Dielectric type and special tests (IEC 60076-3),
– Sound level test (IEC 60551),
– Partial discharge test (IEC 60270),
– Measurement of zero-sequence impedance(s) (IEC 60076-1),
– Short-circuit withstand test (IEC 60076-5),
6 Liquid filled transformers
– Measurement of the harmonics of the no-load current
(IEC 60076-1),
– Measurement of insulation resistance to earth of the windings.
Specially designed reinforced transformers suitable for pole
mounting, protected with arcing horns are tested in accordance
with to SFS 2646 steep wave execution.
ABB has thousands of liquid filled transformers at work all over
the world in many different applications, such as utilities,
windmills, compact substations and industrial transformers.
ABB is different…
…offering the best and most reliable products according to meet
the demanding requirements of all our customers. We offer our
customers:
– Quality – guaranteed by the most modern technology,
equipment, processes and constantly improved in ABB R&D
centers all over the world,
– Speed – the shortest delivery time – within days instead of
weeks,
– Focus Factories concept – specialized factories that are
focused on specific product ranges to deliver consistent quality
and competitive products across the globe.
Outline drawing
W
E
H
L
D
D
Description:
1 Tank
2 Cover
3 Wheel base
4 Tap-changer handler
5 Lifting lugs
6 Oil drain valve
7 HV bushing
8 LV bushing
9 Filling plug
10 Oil level indicator
11 Safety valve
12 Earthing terminal
13 Rating plate
Liquid filled transformers 7
Technical data
HV
[kV]
Uk
[%]
Power
[kVA]
NLL
[W]
LL
(75°C)
[W]
losses
comb.
L
appr.
[mm]
W
appr.
[mm]
H oil weight
appr. appr. [kg]
[mm]
total
weight
appr. [kg]
LWA
[dB(A)]
50
10
20
4
4
50
190
1100
A-A’
780
670
890
90
365
55
50
125
1350
B-C’
880
670
890
90
370
47
50
125
1100
A-C’
780
670
890
90
375
47
50
125
875
C-C’
860
645
890
100
420
47
50
190
1100
A-A’
840
645
1015
100
395
55
50
125
1350
B-C’
780
620
1015
95
375
47
50
125
1100
A-C’
840
645
1015
110
420
47
50
125
875
C-C’
900
670
1015
130
475
47
Wheel diameter:
(E):
125mm
Wheel
width: 40mm
Wheelbase (D):
520mm
100
10
20
4
4
100
320
1750
A-A’
840
795
1040
130
580
59
100
210
2150
B-C’
1140
745
1090
150
610
49
100
210
1750
A-C’
1140
745
1090
145
660
49
100
210
1475
C-C’
900
670
1090
150
690
49
100
320
1750
A-A’
1200
770
1065
145
625
59
100
210
2150
B-C’
1200
770
1065
145
605
49
100
210
1750
A-C’
1200
770
1065
145
625
49
100
210
1475
C-C’
960
690
1115
165
680
49
Wheel diameter:
(E):
125mm
Wheel
width: 40mm
Wheelbase (D):
520mm
160
10
20
4
4
160
460
2350
A-A’
1060
690
1140
180
840
62
160
300
3100
B-C’
960
740
1140
180
805
52
160
300
2350
A-C’
1060
690
1140
180
840
52
160
300
2000
C-C’
1060
690
1140
180
865
52
160
460
2350
A-A’
1020
715
1215
205
880
62
160
300
3100
B-C’
1060
690
1215
180
825
52
160
300
2350
A-C’
1020
715
1215
205
880
52
300
2000
C-C’
1020
715
1215
205
905
52
Wheel diameter:
(E):
125mm
Wheel
width: 40mm
160
Wheelbase (D):
520mm
200
10
20
4
4
200
550
2850
A-A’
1120
715
1140
200
960
65
200
360
3800
B-C’
1120
865
1140
215
960
55
200
360
2850
A-C’
1120
715
1140
200
960
55
200
360
2450
C-C’
1120
765
1140
200
1010
55
200
550
2850
A-A’
1120
765
1215
200
990
65
200
360
3800
B-C’
1120
865
1215
210
980
55
200
360
2850
A-C’
1120
765
1215
200
990
55
200
360
2450
C-C’
1380
780
1215
230
1090
55
Wheel diameter:
(E):
125mm
Wheel
width: 40mm
Wheelbase (D):
520mm
250
10
20
4
4
250
650
3250
A-A’
1320
765
1245
205
1110
65
250
425
4200
B-C’
1320
815
1245
215
1100
55
250
425
3250
A-C’
1320
765
1245
205
1110
55
250
425
2750
C-C’
1020
715
1275
200
1160
55
250
650
3250
A-A’
1080
780
1320
220
1135
65
250
425
4200
B-C’
1320
765
1245
230
1140
55
250
425
3250
A-C’
1080
780
1320
220
1140
55
425
2750
C-C’
1080
780
1350
230
1230
55
Wheel diameter:
(E):
125mm
Wheel
width: 40mm
250
Wheelbase (D):
8 Liquid filled transformers
520mm
Technical data
HV
[kV]
Uk
[%]
Power
[kVA]
NLL
[W]
LL
(75°C)
[W]
losses
comb.
L
appr.
[mm]
W
appr.
[mm]
H oil weight
appr.
appr.
[kg]
[mm]
total
weight
appr.[kg]
LWA
[dB(A)]
400
10
20
4
4
400
930
6000
B-A’
1420
890
1350
270
1350
68
400
930
4600
A-A’
1350
850
1420
260
1310
68
400
610
6000
B-C’
1500
940
1400
280
1340
58
400
610
4600
A-C’
1250
850
1500
260
1400
58
400
610
3850
C-C’
1260
850
1540
340
1600
58
400
930
6000
B-A’
1420
890
1400
270
1350
68
400
930
4600
A-A’
1350
850
1470
260
1310
68
400
610
6000
B-C’
1500
940
1450
280
1340
58
400
610
4600
A-C’
1250
850
1550
260
1400
58
400
610
3850
C-C’
1260
850
1590
340
1600
58
Wheel diameter:
(E):
125mm
Wheel
width: 40mm
1420
280
1500
69
Wheelbase (D):
670mm
500
10
4
500
500
20
4
500
500
730
Wheelbase (D):
1100
5500
A-A’
730
5500
A-C’
1470
850
1810
310
1720
59
1100
5500
A-A’
1420
850
1470
280
1500
69
5500
A-C’
1470
850
1860
310
1720
59
Wheel diameter:
(E):
125mm
Wheel
width: 40mm
1530
350
1800
70
670mm
1420
850
630
10
10
20
20
4
6
4
6
630
1300
8400
B-A’
1590
1010
630
1300
6500
A-A’
1220
980
1530
410
2155
70
630
860
8400
B-C’
1800
1100
1620
400
2070
60
630
860
6500
A-C’
1200
900
1580
390
2040
60
630
860
5400
C-C’
1220
850
1630
340
2040
60
630
1200
8700
B-A’
1660
1010
1490
410
1810
70
630
1200
6750
A-A’
1420
850
1540
390
1900
70
630
800
8700
B-C’
1580
1010
1520
360
1800
60
630
800
6750
A-C’
1220
980
1510
400
2000
60
630
1300
8400
B-A’
1590
1010
1580
395
1790
70
630
1300
6500
A-A’
1220
980
1580
410
2155
70
630
860
8400
B-C’
1800
1100
1670
400
2070
60
630
860
6500
A-C’
1200
900
1630
390
2040
60
630
860
5400
C-C’
1220
850
1700
340
2040
60
630
1200
8700
B-A’
1660
1010
1530
410
1810
70
630
1200
6750
A-A’
1420
850
1590
390
1900
70
630
800
8700
B-C’
1580
1010
1570
360
1800
60
630
800
6750
A-C’
1220
980
1560
400
2000
60
Wheel diameter:
(E):
125mm
Wheel
width: 40mm
1530
490
2230
72
Wheelbase (D):
670mm
800
10
20
6
6
800
1300
B-A’
1740
1090
800
1300
8500
A-A’
1680
940
1540
430
2190
72
800
920
10000
B-C’
1470
980
1620
460
2400
62
800
920
8500
A-C’
1560
870
1570
460
2270
62
800
1300
10000
B-A’
1740
1090
1580
490
2230
72
800
1300
8500
A-A’
1680
940
1590
430
2190
72
800
920
10000
B-C’
1470
980
1670
460
2400
62
920
8500
A-C’
1560
870
1620
460
2270
62
Wheel diameter:
(E):
125mm
Wheel
width: 40mm
800
Wheelbase (D):
10000
670mm
Liquid filled transformers 9
Technical data
HV
[kV]
Uk
[%]
Power
[kVA]
NLL
[W]
LL
(75°C)
[W]
losses
comb.
L
appr.
[mm]
W
appr.
[mm]
H oil weight
appr.
appr.
[kg]
[mm]
total
weight
appr.
[kg]
LWA
[dB(A)]
1000
10
20
6
6
1000
1700
13000
B-A’
1770
1080
1740
610
2650
73
1000
1700
10500
A-A’
1780
1100
1630
500
2520
73
1000
1100
13000
B-C’
1700
1120
1800
550
2740
63
1000
1100
10500
A-C’
1900
1220
1600
510
2750
63
1000
1700
13000
B-A’
1770
1080
1790
610
2650
73
1000
1700
10500
A-A’
1780
1100
1680
500
2520
73
1000
1100
13000
B-C’
1700
1120
1850
550
2740
63
1100
10500
A-C’
1900
1220
1650
510
2750
63
Wheel diameter:
(E):
160mm
Wheel
width: 40mm
1000
Wheelbase (D):
820mm
1250
10
20
6
6
1250
2100
15400
B-A’
1900
1180
1760
640
3030
75
1250
2100
13000
A-A’
1880
1170
1810
600
3080
75
1250
1320
15400
B-C’
1960
1250
1750
605
3210
65
1250
1320
13000
A-C’
1880
1180
1730
620
3340
65
1250
2100
15400
B-A’
1900
1180
1810
640
3030
75
1250
2100
13000
A-A’
1880
1170
1860
600
3080
75
1250
1320
15400
B-C’
1960
1250
1800
605
3210
65
1250
1320
13000
A-C’
1880
1180
1780
620
3340
65
Wheel diameter:
(E):
160mm
Wheel
width: 40mm
2040
900
3880
76
Wheelbase (D):
820mm
1600
10
20
6
6
1600
2600
20000
B-A’
1940
1160
1600
2600
17000
A-A’
1990
1270
1860
680
3640
76
1600
1700
20000
B-C’
1930
1240
1760
640
3610
66
1600
1700
17000
A-C’
1980
1160
1800
750
4140
66
1600
2600
20000
B-A’
1940
1160
2170
945
4050
76
1600
2600
17000
A-A’
1990
1270
1910
680
3640
76
1600
1700
20000
B-C’
1930
1240
1810
640
3610
66
1700
17000
A-C’
1980
1160
1850
750
4140
66
Wheel diameter:
(E):
160mm
Wheel
width: 40mm
1600
Wheelbase (D):
820mm
2000
10
20
6
6
2000
3100
21000
A-A’
2070
1290
2040
870
4530
80
2000
2100
21000
A-C’
1960
1140
1900
870
4590
70
2000
3100
21000
A-A’
2070
1290
2090
870
4530
80
2100
21000
A-C’
1960
1140
1950
870
4590
70
Wheel diameter:
(E):
200mm
Wheel
width: 40mm
2000
Wheelbase (D):
1070mm
Above data are only examples to give an overview of possible
standard transformers.
Transformers can be optimized with respect to capitalised losses
for optimization of Total Cost of Ownership (TCO).
10 Liquid filled transformers
Distribution transformers offered by ABB
Liquid filled distribution transformers:
– up to 72,5 kV,
– single phase and three phase,
– ground mounted, pole mounted or pad mounted.
Dry transformers:
– Open Wound,
– Vacuum Cast Coil,
– RESIBLOC®.
Transformers for special applications like:
– Railway application,
– Marine: propulsion and distribution,
– Carrier Vessel Nuclear,
– Rectifier Transformers,
– Variable Speed Drive,
– Excitation Transformers,
– HVDC Converter,
– Windmills,
– Autotransformers,
– Grounding/Earthing Transformers,
– Neutral Earthing Reactors,
– Current Limiting Reactors,
– Arc Furnace,
– Booster Transformers.
Services offered by ABB distribution transformers
– Environmental Services – PCB Elimination Services,
– Installation and Commissioning,
– Training,
– Testing and maintenance,
– Retrofits, Revamping and up-grading,
– Spare parts procurement,
– Technical information available from www.abb.com/transformers.
Liquid filled transformers 11
ABB Sp. z o.o.
Branch in Lodz
67/93 Aleksandrowska Str.
91-205 Lodz, Poland
Phone: +48 42 29 93 000
Fax: +48 42 29 93 232
www.abb.com/transformers
Note:
We reserve the right to make technical changes or modify
the contents of this document without prior notice. With
regard to purchase orders, the agreed particulars shall
prevail.
ABB does not accept any responsibility whatsoever for
potential errors or possible lack of information in this
document.
We reserve all rights in this document and in the subject
matter and illustrations contained therein. Any reproduction
– in whole or in parts – is forbidden without ABB’s prior
written consent.
© Copyright 2010 ABB
All rights reserved.
2451PL024-W2-en. Edition 04.2010
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