IEC 62271 – Series
Standards for MV-Switchgear
IEC 62271-1 High-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 1: Common specifications
Olaf Bischur
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Siemens AG
IC LMV MS R&D GIS TD 1PG
Topics
1. Standards Group IEC 62271
2. Common Specifications IEC 62271-1
3. Outlook of IEC 62271-1
4. Extension of validity of type tests IEC 62271-307
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 2
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
Structure of the group IEC 62271
IEC 62271
HV Switchgear and Controlgear
Responsible
IEC committee
Part
1 – 99 Generic standards
SC 17A / 17C
Part 100 – 199 Switching Devices
SC 17A
Part 200 – 299 Switchgear installations
SC 17C
Part 300 – 399 Guidelines, reports etc.
SC 17A / 17C
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 3
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
Topics
1. Standards Group IEC 62271
2. Common Specifications IEC 62271-1
3. Outlook of IEC 62271-1
4. Extension of validity of type tests IEC 62271-307
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 4
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, Overview (1)
This part of IEC 62271 applies to a.c. switchgear and
controlgear designed for indoor and outdoor installation
and for operation at service frequencies up to and
including 60 Hz on systems having voltages above 1 000 V.
This standard defines common requirements about general conditions
(e. g. indoor, outdoor, temperature and humidity, etc.)
• Terms and definition (e. g. wording incl. cross reference to
IEV
international electrotechnical vocabulary)
• Ratings (e. g. scientific notation, values, etc.)
• Design and construction
(e. g. requirements for liquids, gas, earthing, enclosure, etc.)
• Type and routine tests (general kinds, valid for all switchgear and controlgear)
• Information to be given with enquiries, tenders and orders
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 5
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, Overview (2)
This standard gives information about common terms.
Out of scope of this standard are requirements
of certain design solutions e. g.
- Internal arcing test
e. g. IEC 62271-200
- Mechanical operation tests of switching devices
e. g. IEC 62271-100, -200
- Pressure withstand test for gas-filled compartments
e. g. IEC 62271-200
- Making and breaking capability of switching devices
e. g. IEC 62271-100
- Mechanical endurance tests of switching devices
e. g. IEC 62271-100, -102
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 6
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, Overview clauses
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
General
Normal and special service conditions
Terms and definitions
Ratings
Design and construction
Type tests
Routine tests
Guide to the selection of switchgear
and controlgear
9. Information to be given with enquiries,
tenders and orders
10. Transport, storage, installation,
operation and maintenance
11. Safety
12. Influence of the product on the environment
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 7
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, Overview type tests
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
General
Dielectric tests
Radio interference voltage (r.i.v.) test
Measurement of the resistance of circuits
Temperature-rise tests
Short-time withstand current and peak withstand
current tests
7. Verification of the protection
8. Tightness tests
9. Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC)
10. Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits
11. X-radiation test procedure for vacuum interrupters
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 8
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, details type tests,
General (1)
Clause 6.1: General
The type tests shall be made on representative functional units.
Because of the variety of types, ratings and possible combinations of
components, it is not practicable to make type tests with all the arrangements
of metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear.
(see also IEC 62271-200, clause 6.1)
This clause gives information about
• Grouping of tests
• Information for identification of
specimens (drawings, part-lists, …)
• Information to be included in
type-test reports
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 9
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, details type tests,
General (2)
Clause 6.1: Information to be included in type-test reports
• Manufacturer
• Type designation and serial number
• Rated characteristics
• General description of the test object
• Manufacturer, type, serial numbers and ratings of essential parts
• General details of the supporting structure
• Details of the operating-mechanism
• Photographs to illustrate the condition before and after test
• Sufficient outline drawings and data schedules
• Reference numbers of all drawings to identify the essential parts
• Details of the testing arrangements
• Records of the test quantities
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 10
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, details type tests,
dielectric tests
Clause 6.2: Dielectric tests
This clause gives information about
• Ambient air conditions during tests (humidity, …)
• Condition of the test specimen
• Criteria to pass the test
• Application of the test voltage and test conditions
• Kind of tests (Power-frequency, Lightning impulse,
Switching impulse, Partial discharge,
tests on auxiliary and control circuits)
with criteria to past the tests
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 11
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, details type tests,
r.i.v. test
Clause 6.3: Radio interference voltage (r.i.v.) test
This test applies only to switchgear and controlgear having rated voltages
of 123 kV and above.
For medium voltage switchgear and controlgear the r.i.v. effects are of a low
level and are negligible.
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 12
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, details type tests,
measurement of the resistance
Clause 6.4: Measurement of the resistance of circuits
Not a “stand alone” type test.
A measurement of the resistance of the main circuit shall be made for
comparison between the switchgear and controlgear type tested for temperature
rise and all other switchgear and controlgear of the same type subjected to
routine tests (see routine test clause 7.3).
Also to perform before and after “short-time withstand current and peak withstand
current tests” and “making and breaking capability tests” as a condition check.
100 A current source
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 13
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, details type tests,
temperature-rise tests
Clause 6.5: Temperature-rise tests
This clause gives information about
• Condition of the test specimen
• Condition of the testing area (e. g. max. wind speed, …)
• External connection to the test specimen
(incoming, short-circuit link)
• Kind of measurement of the temperature and temperature-rise
• Interpretation of the temperature-rise tests
• Definition end of test (normal after five times the thermal time constant)
More details about number of phases to be tested, value of test current, transfer
of results to other frequencies as tested, preheating the circuit with a higher
value of current to save testing time, …
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 14
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, details type tests,
short-time withstand current and
peak withstand current test
Clause 6.6: Short-time withstand current and peak withstand current
Similar to the test before with
• Condition of the test specimen and test current
(e. g. three-phase or single-phase test)
• Test current and test duration
• Behavior of the test specimen during test
• Condition of the test specimen after test
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 15
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, details type tests,
verification of the protection
Clause 6.7: Verification of the protection
Tests only necessary in case of doubt
• Verification of the IP coding in accordance with IEC 60529
(test with an access / object probe or water)
• Verification of the IK coding in accordance with IEC 62262
(test with a hammer / ball)
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 16
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, details type tests,
Tightness tests
Clause 6.8: Tightness tests
Will be performed typically before and after the mechanical operation test
or during the operation tests at extreme temperatures.
Three kinds of systems:
• Controlled pressure systems for gas (not longer state of the art)
• Closed pressure systems for gas
• Sealed pressure systems
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 17
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, details type tests,
Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC)
Clause 6.9: Electromagnetic compatibility tests (EMC)
Emission tests from the main circuits (radio interference voltage test, r.i.v.)
not necessary because the r.i.v. effects are of a low level and are negligible;
see clause 6.3.
Two topics in this clause:
• Emission tests from the auxiliary and
control circuits
• Immunity tests on auxiliary and
control circuits (electrical fast transient /
burst, oscillatory wave immunity)
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 18
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, details type tests,
Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits
Clause 6.10: Additional tests on auxiliary and control circuits
Tests to qualify the whole assembly without repeating individual tests on
components.
• Functional tests to verify the proper functioning of auxiliary and control circuits
• Electrical continuity of earthed metallic parts test
• Verification of the operational characteristics of auxiliary contacts
(unless the equipment has passed the whole type tests as a functional unit)
• Environmental tests
• Dielectric test (2 kV / 1 min.)
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 19
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, details type tests,
X-radiation test procedure for vacuum interrupters
Clause 6.11: X-radiation test procedure for vacuum interrupters
The purpose of this type test is to verify that the X-radiation emitted from vacuum
interrupters does not exceed specified limits.
Clauses imply:
• Mounting of specimen for testing
• Radiation instrument to verify the X-radiation
• Location of radiation instrument
• Test voltage and measurement procedure
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 20
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
Topics
1. Standards Group IEC 62271
2. Common Specifications IEC 62271-1
3. Outlook of IEC 62271-1
4. Extension of validity of type tests IEC 62271-307
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 21
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1, outlook
Future trend; no major technical changes
• Including of UHV (ultra high voltage)
• EMC: in relation with Guide 107 and Cenelec request
• Harmonization of content with IEEE C37.100.1
• Check of definitions and references
• Modification of chapter 4.4, new headline: "Rated continuous current”
instead of “rated normal current”
• Including new annex “Extension of validity of type tests“
•…
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 22
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
Topics
1. Standards Group IEC 62271
2. Common Specifications IEC 62271-1
3. Outlook of IEC 62271-1
4. Extension of validity of type tests IEC 62271-307
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 23
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-307: Extension of validity of type tests
- “Because of the variety of types, … it is not practicable to make type tests with
all the arrangements of metal-enclosed switchgear and controlgear (see also
IEC 62271-200, clause 6.1).
- IEC 62271-307: Guidance for the
extension of validity of type tests
- Responsible for the transfer
of test results is the manufacturer
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 24
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage
IEC 62271-1
Thank you for your attention
© Siemens AG 2014 All rights reserved.
Slide 25
Olaf Bischur
Sector Infrastructure & Cities, Medium Voltage