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BASICS OF
ELECTRICITY
A Motivating Moment: "Now is a gift. That's why it is called the present. To be
fully enjoyed, it must be unwrapped from the mistakes and guitt of the past and
the worries of the future."-lJnknown
After studying this chapter and completing the Essential
Companion components, you should be able to:
1. Define the nature of electricity and the two types of electrical
currents.
2. Define electrical measurements.
3. Understand the principles of electrical equipment.
4. Describe electrical modalities used in cosmetology.
5. Explain electromagnetic radiation and the visible spectrum of
light.
6. Describe the types of light therapies and their benefits.
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Safety of Electrical Equipment
Fill in the blank for the selected safety precautions to be followed to avoid
accidents and ensure greater client satisfaction.
1.
All the electrical appliances you use should be
2, Read all
before using any electrical equipment.
3.
all appliances when not in use.
4.
all electrical equipment regularly.
5.
Keep all wires, plugs, and equipment in good
6. Use only one plug to each
7.
You and your client should avoid contact with
and
metal sudaces when using electricity.
8.
Do not leave your client unattended while
to an
electrical device.
9.
and away from people's
Keep electrical cords off the
feet.
10. Do not attempt to
around electric outlets while
equipment is plugged in.
11. Do not touch two
connected to an electric current.
objects at the same time if either is
on electrical cords.
12. Do not step on or place
13. Do not allow electrical cord to become
as it can cause
a short circuit.
74. Disconnect appliances by pulling on the
15. Do not attempt to
qualified.
, not the cord.
electrical appliances unless you are
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Word Scram
ble-Electricity
Word
Glue
tecdoelre
Clue: An applicator for directing the electric current from
the machine to the client's skin.
alpoytir
Clue: lndicates the negative or positive pole of an electric
current.
dneao
Clue: The positive electrode.
otdehac
Clue: The negative electrode.
aismdloiet
Clue: The four.main ones are galvanic, faradic,
sinusoidal, and Tesla high frequency.
ngaciavl
CIue: A constant and direct current, producing chemical
changes when it passes through the tissues and
fluids of the body.
ostpohesirnio
Clue: The process of introducing water-soluble products
into the skin with the use of electric current.
aporsscthiae
Clue: Forces acidic substances into deeper tissue using
galvanic current.
sipreahosna
Clue: The process of forcing liquids into the tissues from
the negative toward the positive poles.
oiuttidcsnerans
CIue: The process used to soften ahd emulsify grease
deposits and blackheads in the hair follicles.
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Using the words provided, fill in the blanks below to form a thorough review of
Chapter 11:The Basics of Electricity. Words or terms may be used more than
once or not at all.
atternating
converter
ampere
direct
direct current
desincrustation
electricity
electrode
fuse
galvanic
heating cap
anaphoresis
anode
apparatus
blue
cathode
circuit breaker
conductor
infrared
infrared rays
kilowatt
modalities
ohm
polarity
radiant energy
rectifier
tesla high
frequency
therapeutic
vaporizer
visibte light
white
red
is a form of energy that produces magnetic, chemical, and
1.
thermal effects.
2.A
is a substance that permits electrical current to pass
through it.
3. A steamer or
produces moist, uniform heat that can be
applied to the head or face.
4. A
and a
current.
is used to change direct current into alternating current
is used to change alternating current to direct
5. A positive electrode is called alan
and a negative
electrode is called a/an
6. A
is a safety device that prevents excessive current from
passing through.
7. An amp or
is the unit of measurement for the amount of
current running through a wire.
8.
---t
An-isanapplicatorthatdirectstheelectriccurrentfrom
the machine to the client's skin.
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conti n ued
into the tissues from
is the process of forcing liquids
9.
pole'
the negative toward the positive
[o.Artificiallightraysareproducedbyusinganelectrical
called a theraPeutic lamP'
11.
current, traveling in
current is a constant, even,flowing
current is a raPid and interruPted
one direction, while
then in the opposite'
current, flowing first in one direction
current on skin with broken
12. Do not use the negative
with high blood pressure'
capillaries, pustular acne, or on a client
the
or shuts off an electric circuit at
13. A switch that automaticaily interrupts
first indication of overload is a
sunlight'
rays make up 60% of the natural
t4.
15. Thenegativeorpositivestateofelectriccurrentis
!6. The process used to soften and
and pores is
grease deposits in the hair follicles
'quefy
some
light contains few heat rays and has
germicidal and chemical benefits'
17. The
radiation is
18. Another name for electromagnetic
t9.
current with
current is a thermar or heat-producing
a high rate of oscillation or vibration'
The
provided by a
20. A uniform source of heat can be