SET K
Analogies 101 Plus
Set K
The examples below will introduce you to analogies. Each analogy consists of two pairs of words. Your job is to make the second pair express a relationship between its two words that is as similar as possible to the relationship between the words in the first pair. For instance, in the analogy WAGON : ROLL :: SLED : ______________________ the best word to place in the blank would be SLIDE, because "slide" describes the way a sled moves just as “roll” describes the way a wagon moves. Now fill the blanks in the analogies below with the most suitable word or pair of words from those that are listed as choices. 1. MAPLE TREE : TRUNK :: DAFFODIL : __________
7. DOUGHNUT : BAGEL :: COOKIE : _______________ a. bakery a. jonquil b. flower b. dough c. cracker c. petal d. cake d. garden e. stem e. mild 8. SHOWOFF : SPOTLIGHT :: LONER : _____________ 2. SUN : RAY :: MOON : ________________________ a. flashlight a. night b. sunlight b. sky c. star c. rain d. shadow d. cloud e. beam e. stage 9. STAR : CONSTELLATION :: TREE : ______________ 3. THIRST : CUP :: HUNGER : ___________________ a. food a. branch b. leaf b. plate c. snack c. nest d. woods d. kitchen e. root e. cafeteria 10. HOUR : MINUTE :: POUND : _____________________ 4. WEB : FLY :: MITT : _________________________ a. spider a. ton b. diet b. catcher c. butter c. ball d. scale d. hand e. ounce e. glove 5. CAMPFIRE : OVEN :: GLIDER : ________________ 11. SINGER : SONG :: ACTOR : _____________________ a. concert a. jet b. stage b. wing c. speech c. bird d. play d. engine e. movie e. pilot 12. ROBBERY : RINGLEADER :: INVASION : __________ 6. PARTY : PREPARATIONS :: VACATION : _______ a. general a. decorations b. army b. sights c. fort c. tours d. enemy d. plans e. soldier e. planes 13. OUTDOORS : PICNIC :: INDOORS : ___________ a. table b. kitchen c. tablecloth d. basket e. meal 14. PERSON : SWEATER :: BOOK : _______________ a. chapter b. character c. jacket d. page e. author 15. WALL : BRICKS :: ROOF : ____________________ a. beams b. rafters c. chimneys d. shingles e. stones 16. PERSON : TOENAIL :: CAT : __________________ a. paw b. kitten c. claw d. fur e. whisker 17. WINDOWS : SHADES :: EYES : _______________ a. brows b. lids c. glasses d. contact lenses e. mascara 18. HOTEL : SUITCASE :: a. gym : locker b. picnic : sandwich c. shopping bag : store d. school : backpack e. motel : car 19. OCEAN : SHARK :: ________________________ a. kennel : dog b. sky : plane c. river : rock d. house : family e. jungle : tiger 20. PEACH : PIT :: a. banana : peel b. apple : core c. grape : raisin d. orange : juice e. apricot : plum 21. SCALP : HAIR :: __________________________ a. face : whiskers b. nose : nostrils c. lips : mouth d. ear : lobes e. head : hat SET K
22. DEER : ANTLERS :: a. elephant : trunk b. beaver : teeth c. goat : horns d. moose : ears e. girl : barrettes 23. CLAM : SHELL :: a. corn : kernel b. lobster : fish c. watermelon : seed d. pea : pod e. tuna : can 24. MUSICIANS : CONCERT :: __________________ a. actors : stage b. magician : rabbits c. drums : band d. dancers : ballerina e. marchers : parade 25. HIGH HEELS : SNEAKERS :: ________________ a. party : dance b. floor : rug c. gown : sweatsuit d. flower : weed e. girl : boy 26. RULER : INCH :: a. foot : yard b. measuring cup : flour c. tape measure : height d. scale : pound e. quart : milk 27. POND : PUDDLE :: ________________________ a. stream : river b. bathtub : cup c. mountain : valley d. needle : thimble e. tree : branch 28. HOCKEY PUCK : GOAL :: __________________ a. arrow : target b. tennis ball : net c. softball : mitt d. soccer ball : goalie e. boxer : knockout 29. CROWN : CAP :: a. king : palace b. princess : gown c. throne : stool d. knight : armor e. castle : moat 30. TREE : BARK :: a. mast : sail b. beaver : fur c. fence post : paint d. fish : fin e. elephant : trunk ANALOGY FORMATS Here are some of the kinds of relationships which analogies may express. Make up a second pair to match the first pair given in each example. 1. ANTONYMS straight : jagged :: _______________________ 2. SYNONYMS kind : considerate :: _____________________ 3. PART : WHOLE parent : family :: ________________________ 4. WHOLE : PART camera : lens :: _________________________ 5. TOOL : ITS ACTION shovel : dig :: ___________________________ 6. TOOL USER : TOOL architect : drawing board :: ________________ 7. TOOL : OBJECT IT’S USED WITH spool : sewing machine :: _________________ 8. CATEGORY : EXAMPLE fastener : button :: ______________________ 9. EFFECT : CAUSE knowledge : education :: _________________ 10. CAUSE : EFFECT cavity : toothache :: _____________________ 11. INCREASING INTENSITY hop : leap :: ___________________________ 12. DECREASING INTENSITY writhe : wriggle :: _______________________ 13. ACTION : THING ACTED UPON harvest : wheat field :: ___________________ 14. SYMBOL : THING SYMBOLIZED ring : marriage :: _______________________ 15. OBJECT OR PLACE : ITS USER stadium : sports fan :: ___________________ 16. NOUN : CLOSELY RELATED ADJECTIVE molasses : thick :: ______________________ Here are three important things to remember when you think about analogies: PARTS OF SPEECH. If the words in the first pair express a “noun : adjective” or “verb : noun” or “adjective : adjective” relationship (for instance), the second pair should show the same relationship between parts of speech. WORD ORDER. If the first pair expresses a “tool user : tool” relationship (for instance), the second pair must express the same relationship in the same order (tool user first, tool second). EXACTNESS. Sometimes two or more of the given choices would make fairly good sense in the blank. When this happens, you should choose the word or pair of words that most exactly suits the relationship you’re expressing. ANSWERS TO ANALOGIES 101 – SET K: 1. stem 2. beam 3. plate 4. ball 5. jet 6. plans 7. cracker 8. shadow 9. woods 10. ounce 11. speech 12. general 13. meal 14. jacket 15. shingles 16. claw 17. lids 18. school : backpack 19. jungle : tiger 20. apple : core 21. face : whiskers 22. goat : horns 23. pea : pod 24. marchers : parade 25. gown : sweatsuit 26. scale : pound 27. bathtub : cup 28. arrow : target 29. throne : stool 30. beaver : fur Analogies 101 Plus
Detailed Answer Key
Set K
1.
MAPLE TREE : TRUNK :: DAFFODIL : STEM
A TRUNK holds up a MAPLE TREE. In the same way, a STEM holds up a DAFFODIL.
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JONQUIL is not the best answer because it does not hold up a DAFFODIL.
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FLOWER is not the best answer because it does not hold up a DAFFODIL.
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PETAL is not the best answer because it does not hold up a DAFFODIL.
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GARDEN is not the best answer because it does not hold up a DAFFODIL.
2.
SUN : RAY :: MOON : BEAM
A stream of light from the SUN is called a RAY. Similarly, a stream of light from the MOON is called a BEAM.
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NIGHT is not the best answer because it is not a stream of light from the MOON.
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SKY is not the best answer because it is not a stream of light from the MOON.
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STAR is not the best answer because it is not a stream of light from the MOON.
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CLOUD is not the best answer because it is not a stream of light from the MOON.
3.
THIRST : CUP :: HUNGER : PLATE
When a person has THIRST, they may use a CUP to drink. In the same way, when a person has HUNGER, they may
use a PLATE to eat. Both CUP and PLATE are types of dishware.
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FOOD is not the best answer because it is not a type of dishware you use when you have HUNGER.
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SNACK is not the best answer because it is not a type of dishware you use when you have HUNGER.
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KITCHEN is not the best answer because it is not a type of dishware you use when you have HUNGER.
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CAFETERIA is not the best answer because it is not a type of dishware you use when you have HUNGER.
4.
WEB : FLY :: MITT : BALL
A spider uses a WEB to catch a FLY. In a similar way, a baseball player uses a MITT to catch a BALL.
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SPIDER is not the best answer because you would not use a MITT to catch a SPIDER.
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CATCHER is not the best answer because you would not use a MITT to catch a CATCHER.
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HAND is not the best answer because you would not use a MITT to catch a HAND.
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GLOVE is not the best answer because you would not use a MITT to catch a GLOVE.
5.
CAMPFIRE : OVEN :: GLIDER : JET
A CAMPFIRE and an OVEN are both items used to cook food, but only an OVEN has a motor. Similarly, a GLIDER and
a JET are both vehicles used to fly, but only a JET has a motor.
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WING is not the best answer because it is not a vehicle used to fly that has a motor.
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BIRD is not the best answer because it is not a vehicle used to fly that has a motor.
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ENGINE is not the best answer because it is not a vehicle used to fly that has a motor.
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PILOT is not the best answer because it is not a vehicle used to fly that has a motor.
6.
PARTY : PREPARATIONS :: VACATION : PLANS
A person makes PREPARATIONS before a PARTY, and makes PLANS before a VACATION.
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DECORATIONS is not the best answer because a person does not make DECORATIONS before a
VACATION.
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SIGHTS is not the best answer because a person does not make SIGHTS before a VACATION.
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TOURS is not the best answer because a person does not make TOURS before a VACATION.
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PLANES is not the best answer because a person does not make PLANES before a VACATION.
7.
DOUGHNUT : BAGEL :: COOKIE : CRACKER
A DOUGHNUT and a BAGEL are both foods that are ring-shaped with a hole in the middle; a DOUGHNUT is sweet while
a BAGEL is usually not sweet. A COOKIE is a baked food that is small, relatively flat and sweet, while a CRACKER is
a baked food that is small, relatively flat and not sweet.
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BAKERY is not the best answer because it is not a food that is small, relatively flat and not sweet.
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DOUGH is not the best answer because it is not a food that is small, relatively flat and not sweet.
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CAKE is not the best answer because it is not a food that is small, relatively flat and not sweet.
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MILD is not the best answer because it is not a food that is small, relatively flat and not sweet.
8.
SHOWOFF : SPOTLIGHT :: LONER : SHADOW
A SHOWOFF likes to be in the SPOTLIGHT to attract attention, while a LONER prefers to be in the SHADOWS to avoid
attention.
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FLASHLIGHT is not the best answer because it is not where a LONER goes to avoid attention.
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SUNLIGHT is not the best answer because it is not where a LONER goes to avoid attention.
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RAIN is not the best answer because it is not where a LONER goes to avoid attention.
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STAGE is not the best answer because it is not where a LONER goes to avoid attention.
9.
STAR : CONSTELLATION :: TREE : WOODS
A CONSTELLATION is a group of STARS. In a similar way, WOODS are a group of TREES.
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BRANCH is not the best answer because it is not a group of TREES.
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LEAF is not the best answer because it is not a group of TREES.
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NEST is not the best answer because it is not a group of TREES.
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ROOT is not the best answer because it is not a group of TREES.
10.
HOUR : MINUTE :: POUND : OUNCE
A MINUTE is a unit of measurement that is less than an HOUR. Similarly, an OUNCE is a unit of measurement that is
less than a POUND.
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TON is not the best answer because it is not less than a POUND.
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DIET is not the best answer because it is not a unit of measurement.
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BUTTER is not the best answer because it is not a unit of measurement.
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SCALE is not the best answer because it is not a unit of measurement.
11.
SINGER : SONG :: ACTOR : SPEECH
A SINGER performs a SONG, while an ACTOR performs a SPEECH.
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CONCERT is not the best answer because an ACTOR does not perform a CONCERT.
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STAGE is not the best answer because an ACTOR does not perform a STAGE.
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PLAY is not the best answer because an ACTOR does not perform a PLAY; he performs in a PLAY.
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MOVIE is not the best answer because an ACTOR does not perform a MOVIE; he performs in a MOVIE.
12.
ROBBERY : RINGLEADER :: INVASION : GENERAL
A RINGLEADER leads a group of criminals in a ROBBERY. In a similar way, a GENERAL leads a group of soldiers in
an INVASION.
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ARMY is not the best answer because an ARMY does not lead a group of people in an INVASION.
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FORT is not the best answer because a FORT does not lead a group of people in an INVASION.
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ENEMY is not the best answer because an ENEMY does not lead a group of people in an INVASION.
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SOLDIER is not the best answer because a SOLDIER does not lead a group of people in an INVASION.
13.
OUTDOORS : PICNIC :: INDOORS : MEAL
When you eat OUTDOORS, you have a PICNIC. When you eat INDOORS, you have a MEAL.
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TABLE is not the best answer because it is not what you have when you eat INDOORS.
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KITCHEN is not the best answer because it is not what you have when you eat INDOORS.
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TABLECLOTH is not the best answer because it is not what you have when you eat INDOORS.
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BASKET is not the best answer because it is not what you have when you eat INDOORS.
14.
PERSON : SWEATER :: BOOK : JACKET
A SWEATER is an article of clothing that a PERSON wears on the outside. A JACKET goes on the outside of a BOOK.
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CHAPTER is not the best answer because it is not something that goes on the outside of a BOOK.
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CHARACTER is not the best answer because it is not something that goes on the outside of a BOOK.
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PAGE is not the best answer because it is not something that goes on the outside of a BOOK.
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AUTHOR is not the best answer because it is not something that goes on the outside of a BOOK.
15.
WALL : BRICKS :: ROOF : SHINGLES
A WALL can be constructed with many BRICKS, as a ROOF can be constructed with many SHINGLES. In both cases,
the construction material can be seen on the outside of a building.
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BEAMS is not the best answer because they cannot be seen on the outside of a building.
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RAFTERS is not the best answer because they cannot be seen on the outside of a building.
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CHIMNEYS is not the best answer because a ROOF is not constructed with many CHIMNEYS.
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STONES is not the best answer because a ROOF is not constructed with many STONES.
16.
PERSON : TOENAIL :: CAT : CLAW
The hard end of a PERSON’S foot is the TOENAIL, as the hard end of a CAT’S foot is the CLAW.
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PAW is not the best answer because it is not the hard end of a CAT’S foot.
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KITTEN is not the best answer because it is not the hard end of a CAT’S foot.
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FUR is not the best answer because it is not the hard end of a CAT’S foot.
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WHISKER is not the best answer because it is not the hard end of a CAT’S foot.
17.
WINDOWS : SHADES :: EYES : LIDS
SHADES that are closed block light from entering through a WINDOW, while LIDS that are closed block light from
entering the EYES.
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BROWS is not the best answer because they do not block light from entering the EYES.
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GLASSES is not the best answer because they do not block light from entering the EYES.
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CONTACT LENSES is not the best answer they do not block light from entering the EYES.
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MASCARA is not the best answer because it does not block light from entering the EYES.
18.
HOTEL : SUITCASE :: SCHOOL : BACKPACK
A SUITCASE is used to carry items into a HOTEL, as a BACKPACK is used to carry items into a SCHOOL.
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GYM : LOCKER is not the best answer because a LOCKER is not used to carry items into a GYM.
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PICNIC : SANDWICH is not the best answer because a SANDWICH is not used to carry items into a PICNIC.
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SHOPPING BAG : STORE is not the best answer because a STORE is not used to carry items into a
SHOPPING BAG.
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MOTEL : CAR is not the best answer because a CAR is not used to carry items into a MOTEL.
19.
OCEAN : SHARK :: JUNGLE : TIGER
A SHARK lives in an OCEAN, while a TIGER lives in a JUNGLE. OCEAN and JUNGLE are both environments.
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KENNEL : DOG is not the best answer because a KENNEL is not the place a DOG lives. A DOG may stay in
a KENNEL for a short time.
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SKY : PLANE is not the best answer because the SKY is not the place a PLANE lives. A PLANE is not a
living thing.
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RIVER : ROCK is not the best answer because a RIVER is not the place a ROCK lives. A ROCK is not a living
thing.
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HOUSE : FAMILY is not the best answer because although a FAMILY lives in a HOUSE, a HOUSE is a
building, not an environment.
20.
PEACH : PIT :: APPLE : CORE
A PIT is the hard center of a PEACH you do not eat, just as a CORE is the hard center of an APPLE you do not eat.
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BANANA : PEEL is not the best answer because PEEL is not the hard center of a BANANA you do not eat.
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GRAPE : RAISIN is not the best answer because RAISIN is not the hard center of a GRAPE you do not eat.
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ORANGE : JUICE is not the best answer because JUICE is not the hard center of an ORANGE you do not eat.
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APRICOT : PLUM is not the best answer because PLUM is not the hard center of an APRICOT you do not eat .
21.
SCALP : HAIR :: FACE : WHISKERS
HAIR grows out of the skin of a man’s SCALP, while WHISKERS grow out of the skin of a man’s FACE.
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NOSE : NOSTRILS is not the best answer because NOSTRILS do not grow out of the skin of a man’s NOSE.
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LIPS : MOUTH is not the best answer because a MOUTH does not grow out of the skin of a man’s LIPS.
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EARS : LOBES is not the best answer because LOBES do not grow out of the skin of a man’s EARS.
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HEAD : HAT is not the best answer because a HAT does not grow out of the skin of a man’s HEAD.
22.
DEER : ANTLERS :: GOAT : HORNS
A DEER grows ANTLERS on the top of its head. Similarly, a GOAT grows HORNS on the top of its head.
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ELEPHANT : TRUNK is not the best answer because an ELEPHANT’s TRUNK is not on the top of its head.
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BEAVER : TEETH is not the best answer because a BEAVER’S TEETH are not on the top of its head.
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MOOSE : EARS is not the best answer because a MOOSE’S EARS are not on the top of its head.
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GIRL : BARRETTES is not the best answer because although a GIRL’S BARRETTES are on the top of her
head, a GIRL does not grow BARRETTES.
23.
CLAM : SHELL :: PEA : POD
The outer covering of a CLAM is called a SHELL, while the outer covering of a PEA is called a POD.
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CORN : KERNEL is not the best answer because the outer covering of CORN is husk, not KERNEL.
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LOBSTER : FISH is not the best answer because the outer covering of a LOBSTER is shell, not FISH.
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WATERMELON : SEED is not the best answer because the outer covering of WATERMELON is rind, not
SEED.
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TUNA : CAN is not the best answer because the outer covering of TUNA is scales, not CAN.
24.
MUSICIANS : CONCERT :: MARCHERS : PARADE
MUSICIANS perform or participate in a CONCERT. In a similar way, MARCHERS perform or participate in a PARADE.
In each pair, the first term names the people and the second term names the activity in which they are participating.
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ACTORS : STAGE is not the best answer because STAGE names the place ACTORS perform, not the activity.
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MAGICIAN : RABBITS is not the best answer because RABBITS are a prop for MAGICIANS, not the activity.
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DRUMS : BAND is not the best answer because DRUMS are part of a BAND, not its activity.
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DANCERS : BALLERINA is not the best answer because BALLERINA is a type of DANCER, not the activity.
(DANCERS : BALLET would fit the analogy.)
25.
HIGH HEELS : SNEAKERS :: GOWN : SWEATSUIT
HIGH HEELS are shoes you might wear to a formal event, while SNEAKERS are shoes you might wear to an athletic
event. Similarly, a GOWN is an outfit you might wear to a formal event, while a SWEATSUIT is an outfit you might wear
to an athletic event. All four terms are articles of clothing.
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PARTY : DANCE is not the best answer because neither PARTY nor DANCE is an article of clothing.
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FLOOR : RUG is not the best answer neither FLOOR nor RUG is an article of clothing.
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FLOWER : WEED is not the best answer because neither FLOWER nor WEED is an article of clothing.
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GIRL : BOY is not the best answer because neither GIRL nor BOY is an article of clothing.
26.
RULER : INCH :: SCALE : POUND
An INCH is the unit of measurement a RULER uses, as a POUND is the unit of measurement a SCALE uses.
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FOOT : YARD is not the best answer because YARD is not the unit of measurement a FOOT uses.
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MEASURING CUP : FLOUR is not the best answer because FLOUR is not the unit of measurement a
MEASURING CUP uses. (MEASURING CUP : OUNCE would fit the analogy.)
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TAPE MEASURE : HEIGHT is not the best answer because HEIGHT is not the unit of measurement a TAPE
MEASURE uses. (TAPE MEASURE : INCH would fit the analogy.)
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QUART : MILK is not the best answer because MILK is not the unit of measurement a QUART uses.
27.
POND : PUDDLE :: BATHTUB : CUP
A POND holds more water than a PUDDLE, as a BATHTUB holds more water than a CUP.
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STREAM : RIVER is not the best answer because a STREAM does not hold more water than a RIVER.
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MOUNTAIN : VALLEY is not the best answer because a MOUNTAIN does not hold more water than a
VALLEY.
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NEEDLE : THIMBLE is not the best answer because a NEEDLE does not hold more water than a THIMBLE.
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TREE : BRANCH is not the best answer because a TREE does not hold more water than a BRANCH.
28.
HOCKY PUCK : GOAL :: ARROW : TARGET
When you shoot a HOCKEY PUCK, you aim for the GOAL to score points. Likewise, when you shoot an ARROW, you
aim for the TARGET to score points.
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TENNIS BALL : NET is not the best answer because you do not shoot a TENNIS BALL into a NET to score
points.
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SOFTBALL : MITT is not the best answer because you do not shoot a SOFTBALL into a MITT to score points.
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SOCCER BALL : GOALIE is not the best answer because you do not shoot a SOCCER BALL into a GOALIE
to score points. (SOCCER BALL : GOAL would fit the analogy.)
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BOXER : KNOCKOUT is not the best answer because you do not shoot a BOXER into a KNOCKOUT to score
points.
29.
CROWN : CAP :: THRONE : STOOL
A CROWN is something a royal person might wear on his/her head, whereas a CAP is something a child or common
person might wear on his/her head. In the same way, a THRONE is a place a royal person might sit, and a STOOL is a
place a child or common person might sit.
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KING : PALACE is not the best answer because PALACE does not refer to a child or common person.
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PRINCESS : GOWN is not the best answer because GOWN does not refer to a child or common person.
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KNIGHT : ARMOR is not the best answer because ARMOR does not refer to a child or common person.
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CASTLE : MOAT is not the best answer because MOAT does not refer to a child or common person.
30.
TREE : BARK ::BEAVER : FUR
BARK covers and grows on a TREE. In a similar way, FUR covers and grows on a BEAVER.
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MAST : SAIL is not the best answer because a SAIL does not cover and grow on a MAST.
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FENCE POST : PAINT is not the best answer because PAINT does not grow on a FENCE POST.
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FISH : FIN is not the best answer because a FIN does not cover a FISH; scales cover a FISH.
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ELEPHANT : TRUNK is not the best answer because a TRUNK does not cover an ELEPHANT.