SET C
Analogies 101 Plus
Set C
The examples below will introduce you to analogies. Each analogy consists of two pairs of words. Your job is to make the
second pair express a relationship between its two words that is as similar as possible to the relationship between the
words in the first pair. For instance, in the analogy
BIRD : WING :: FISH : __________________ the best word to place in the blank would be FIN, because "fin" names the limb of a fish just as “wing” names the limb of a bird. Now fill the blanks in the analogies below with the most suitable word or pair of words from those that are listed as choices. 1. THERMOMETER : TEMPERATURE :: SCALE : _________ 7. OCEAN : CONTINENTS :: SKY : ____________________ a. b. c. d. e. size age weight distance speed 2. OAK TREE : ACORN :: ROBIN : _____________________ a. wing b. nest c. feathers d. egg e. worm 3. SQUIRREL : ACORN :: ROBIN : _____________________ a. wing b. nest c. feathers d. egg e. worm 4. SQUIRREL : FUR :: ROBIN : ________________________ a. wing b. nest c. feathers d. egg e. worm 5. GREED : WALLET :: HUNGER : _____________________ a. cookies b. scale c. refrigerator d. diet e. dining room 6. CITIZEN : NATION :: TREE : _______________________ a. branch b. bird c. forest d. root e. yard a. b. c. d. e. wind birds rain sunshine clouds 8. FLOOD : RAIN :: CHICKEN POX : ___________________ a. doctor b. medicine c. virus d. itch e. rash 9. SONG : NOTES :: POEM : _________________________ a. lines b. rhymes c. words d. feelings e. rhythms 10. ROAD : ROADBLOCK :: RIVER : ___________________ a. bridge b. stream c. dam d. fish e. boat 11. ROAD : PATH :: RIVER : __________________________ a. bridge b. stream c. highway d. fish e. boat 12. WINDOW : SHADE :: FACE : ______________________ a. hair b. veil c. eyes d. hat e. makeup 13. CLEAR THINKING : SUNSHINE :: CONFUSION : _____ a. rain b. snow flurries c. fog d. drought e. heat wave 14. HAPPINESS : SUNSHINE :: SADNESS : ____________ a. rain b. snow flurries c. fog d. drought e. heat wave 15. ANIMAL : BIRD :: DOG : _________________________ a. puppy b. dachshund c. mammal d. cat e. canary 16. CAT : CLAWS :: PERSON : ______________________ a. teeth b. feet c. fingernails d. hands e. hair 17. CUT : SCAR :: HIKE : ___________________________ a. boots b. map c. footprints d. trail e. compass 18. CANOE : BOAT :: ______________________________ a. animal : goldfish b. paddle : sail c. car : garage d. apple : fruit e. rose : garden 19. BLADES OF GRASS : LAWN :: ___________________ a. hair : hat b. dresses : closet c. singers : choir d. forest : trees e. water : swimming pool 20. EGGS : REFRIGERATOR :: ______________________ a. gas : car b. pencils : desk c. cars : highway d. cereal : bowl e. ice cubes : glass of water 21. CONTINENT : COUNTRY :: ______________________ a. city : state b. school : auditorium c. store : counter d. house : room e. ocean : beach SET C
22. CARPET : ROOM :: _____________________________ a. snow : yard b. window : wall c. leaves : tree d. window : curtain e. chair : table 23. FRAME : PICTURE :: ____________________________ a. lamp : shade b. dog : cat c. fence : yard d. diving board : pool e. eraser : pencil 24. PAINTER : MUSEUM :: __________________________ a. doctor : hospital b. kitchen : cook c. writer : library d. photographer : camera shop e. architect : building 25. PAINTER : PAINT :: ____________________________ a. doctor : stethoscope b. cook : eggs c. writer : paper d. photographer : camera e. architect : ruler 26. ESCALATOR : LADDER :: ______________________ a. dryer : clothesline b. sidewalk : driveway c. oven : stove d. fireplace : furnace e. sofa : chair 27. HUNGER : FOOD :: ____________________________ a. poison ivy : rash b. fever : aspirin c. cold : snowstorm d. fatness : overeating e. drink : thirst 28. FENCE : GATE :: _____________________________ a. wall : brick b. window : house c. key : lock d. belt : buckle e. door : garage 29. STEM : TULIP :: _____________________________ a. tree : branch b. pole : flag c. thorn : rose d. leaf : maple e. knob : door 30. STAGECOACH : BUS :: _______________________ a. airplane : train b. fireplace : furnace c. bush : tree d. car : driver e. microwave oven : frying pan ANALOGY FORMATS Here are some of the kinds of relationships which analogies may express. Make up a second pair to match the first pair given in each example. 1. ANTONYMS noisy : mute :: 2. SYNONYMS welcome : greet :: 3. PART : WHOLE tooth : comb :: 4. WHOLE : PART sailboat : mast :: 5. TOOL : ITS ACTION spoon : stir :: 6. TOOL USER : TOOL lumberjack : axe :: 7. TOOL : OBJECT IT’S USED WITH microscope : slide :: 8. CATEGORY : EXAMPLE government : democracy :: 9. EFFECT : CAUSE punishment : crime :: 10. CAUSE : EFFECT accident : injury :: 11. INCREASING INTENSITY irritation : fury :: 12. DECREASING INTENSITY drenched : damp :: 13. ACTION : THING ACTED UPON weave : tapestry :: 14. ACTION : SUBJECT PERFORMING ACTION investigate : detective :: 15. OBJECT OR PLACE : ITS USER harbor : sailor:: 16. NOUN : CLOSELY RELATED ADJECTIVE ball : round :: Here are three important things to remember when you think about analogies: PARTS OF SPEECH. If the words in the first pair express a “noun : adjective” or “verb : noun” or “adjective : adjective” relationship (for instance), the second pair should show the same relationship between parts of speech. WORD ORDER. If the first pair expresses a “tool user : tool” relationship (for instance), the second pair must express the same relationship in the same order (tool user first, tool second). EXACTNESS. Sometimes two or more of the given choices would make fairly good sense in the blank. When this happens, you should choose the word or pair of words that most exactly suits the relationship you’re expressing. ANSWERS TO ANALOGIES 101 – SET C: 1. weight 2. egg 3. worm 4. feathers 5. refrigerator 6. forest 7. clouds 8. virus 9. words 10. dam 11. stream 12. veil 13. fog 14. rain 15. dachshund 16. fingernails 17. footprints 18. apple : fruit 19. singers : choir 20. pencils : desk 21. house : room 22. snow : yard 23. fence : yard 24. writer : library 25. cook : eggs 26. dryer : clothesline 27. fever : aspirin 28. belt : buckle 29. pole : flag 30. fireplace : furnace Analogies 101 Plus
Detailed Answer Key
Set C
1.
THERMOMETER : TEMPERATURE :: SCALE : WEIGHT
A THERMOMETER is a tool used to measure TEMPERATURE. A SCALE is a tool used to measure WEIGHT.
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SIZE is not the best answer because a SCALE does not measure SIZE.
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AGE is not the best answer because a SCALE does not measure AGE.
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DISTANCE is not the best answer because a SCALE does not measure DISTANCE.
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SPEED is not the best answer because a SCALE does not measure SPEED.
2.
OAK TREE : ACORN :: ROBIN :: EGG
An ACORN can grow into an OAK TREE. In the same way, an EGG can grow into a ROBIN.
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WING is not the best answer because a WING cannot grow into a ROBIN; it is a part of a ROBIN.
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NEST is not the best answer because a NEST cannot grow into a ROBIN.
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FEATHERS is not the best answer because FEATHERS cannot grow into a ROBIN; they are part of a ROBIN.
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WORM is not the best answer because a WORM cannot grow into a ROBIN.
3.
SQUIRREL : ACORN :: ROBIN : WORM
A SQUIRREL gathers and eats ACORNS. In the same way, a ROBIN gathers and eats WORMS.
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WING is not the best answer because a ROBIN does not gather and eat WINGS.
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NEST is not the best answer because a ROBIN does not gather and eat a NEST.
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FEATHERS is not the best answer because a ROBIN does not gather and eat FEATHERS.
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EGG is not the best answer because a ROBIN does not gather and eat EGGS.
4.
SQUIRREL : FUR :: ROBIN : FEATHERS
A SQUIRREL has skin covered with FUR. In the same way, a ROBIN has skin covered with FEATHERS.
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WING is not the best answer because a ROBIN does not have skin covered with WINGS.
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NEST is not the best answer because a ROBIN does not have skin covered with NEST.
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EGG is not the best answer because a ROBIN does not have skin covered with EGGS.
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WORM is not the best answer because a ROBIN does not have skin covered with WORMS.
5.
GREED : WALLET :: HUNGER : REFRIGERATOR
When a person has GREED, he or she may desire a full WALLET. In a similar way, if a person has HUNGER, he or she may
desire a full REFRIGERATOR. Another way to approach this analogy is to think of GREED as a desire for money, which is
kept/stored in a WALLET. HUNGER is a desire for food, which is kept/stored in a REFRIGERATOR.
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COOKIES is not the best answer because a person does not desire a full COOKIES if he or she has HUNGER.
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SCALE is not the best answer because a person does not desire a full SCALE if he or she has HUNGER.
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DIET is not the best answer because a person does not desire a full DIET if he or she has HUNGER.
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DINING ROOM is not the best answer because a person does not desire a full DINING ROOM if he or she has
HUNGER.
6.
CITIZEN : NATION :: TREE : FOREST
This is a part : whole analogy. A CITIZEN is a single part of a NATION (whole). In the same way, a TREE is a single part of a
FOREST (whole).
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BRANCH is not the best answer because a TREE is not a single part of a BRANCH.
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BIRD is not the best answer because a TREE is not a single part of a BIRD.
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ROOT is not the best answer because a TREE is not a single part of a ROOT.
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YARD is not the best answer because a TREE is not a single part of a YARD.
7.
OCEAN : CONTINENTS :: SKY : CLOUDS
CONTINENTS are land masses that are surrounded by OCEAN. In a similar way, CLOUDS are water vapor masses that are
surrounded by SKY.
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WIND is not the best answer because it is not a mass surrounded by SKY. You cannot see WIND.
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BIRD is not the best answer because it is not a mass surrounded by SKY.
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RAIN is not the best answer because it is not a mass surrounded by SKY.
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SUN is not the best answer because it is not a mass surrounded by SKY.
8.
FLOOD : RAIN :: CHICKEN POX : VIRUS
This is an effect : cause analogy. A FLOOD is caused by RAIN. In the same way, CHICKEN POX is caused by a VIRUS.
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DOCTOR is not the best answer because CHICKEN POX is not caused by a DOCTOR.
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MEDICINE is not the best answer because CHICKEN POX is not caused by MEDICINE.
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ITCH is not the best answer because CHICKEN POX is not caused by an ITCH.
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RASH is not the best answer because CHICKEN POX is not caused by a RASH.
9.
SONG : NOTES :: POEM : WORDS
This is a whole : part analogy. A NOTE is the basic unit used to compose a SONG. In the same way, a WORD is the basic
unit used to compose a POEM.
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LINE is not the best answer because it is not the basic unit used to compose a POEM.
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RHYME is not the best answer because it is not the basic unit used to compose a POEM.
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FEELING is not the best answer because it is not the basic unit used to compose a POEM.
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RHYTHM is not the best answer because it is not the basic unit used to compose a POEM.
10.
ROAD : ROADBLOCK :: RIVER : DAM
A ROADBLOCK stops movement of traffic on a ROAD. In a similar way, a DAM stops movement of water in a RIVER.
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BRIDGE is not the best answer because it does not stop movement of water in a RIVER.
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STREAM is not the best answer because it does not stop movement of water in a RIVER.
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FISH is not the best answer because it does not stop movement of water in a RIVER.
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BOAT is not the best answer because it does not stop movement of water in a RIVER.
11.
ROAD : PATH :: RIVER : STREAM
This is an analogy based on decreasing intensity. A PATH is a smaller version of a ROAD in the same way that a STREAM is
a smaller version of a RIVER.
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BRIDGE is not the best answer because it is not a smaller version of a RIVER.
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HIGHWAY is not the best answer because it is not a smaller version of a RIVER.
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FISH is not the best answer because it is not a smaller version of a RIVER.
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BOAT is not the best answer because it is not a smaller version of a RIVER.
12.
WINDOW : SHADE :: FACE : VEIL
This is an analogy based on an object’s function. The function of a SHADE is to cover a WINDOW. In a similar way, the
function of a VEIL is to cover one’s FACE.
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HAIR is not the best answer because its function is not to cover one’s FACE.
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EYES is not the best answer because their function is not to cover one’s FACE.
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HAT is not the best answer because its function is not to cover one’s FACE.
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MAKEUP is not the best answer because its function is not to cover one’s FACE. The function of MAKEUP is to
enhance or change one’s FACE.
13.
CLEAR THINKING : SUNSHINE :: CONFUSION :
FOG
In the first pair, each term represents clarity (or clearness). CLEAR THINKING is clear and not cloudy as SUNSHINE is a type
of weather that is clear and not cloudy. CONFUSION is thinking that is not clear or is cloudy, as FOG is a type of weather that
is not clear and is cloudy.
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RAIN is not the best answer because although RAIN may occur when the sky is cloudy, it is not normally associated
with a lack of clarity.
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SNOW FLURRIES is not the best answer because although SNOW FLURRIES may occur when the sky is cloudy,
they are not normally associated with CONFUSION or lack of clarity.
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DROUGHT is not the best answer because it is not associated with a lack of clarity; rather, DROUGHT represents a
lack of rain or water.
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HEAT WAVE is not the best answer because it is not associated with a lack of clarity.
14.
HAPPINESS : SUNSHINE :: SADNESS : RAIN
This is an antonym analogy. SADNESS is the opposite of HAPPINESS, and RAIN is the opposite of SUNSHINE.
Also,
SUNSHINE is a type of weather often associated with the emotion of HAPPINESS, while RAIN is a type of weather often
associated with the emotion of SADNESS.
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SNOW FLURRIES is not the best answer because it is neither the opposite of SUNSHINE nor often associated with
the emotion of SADNESS.
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FOG is not the best answer because it is neither the opposite of SUNSHINE nor often associated with the emotion of
SADNESS.
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DROUGHT is not the best answer because it is neither the opposite of SUNSHINE nor often associated with the
emotion of SADNESS.
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HEAT WAVE is not the best answer because it is neither the opposite of SUNSHINE nor often associated with the
emotion of SADNESS.
15.
ANIMAL : BIRD :: DOG : DACHSUND
This is a category : type analogy. A BIRD is a type of ANIMAL, as a DACHSUND is a type of DOG.
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PUPPY is not the best answer because it is not a type of DOG. It is simply a young DOG.
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MAMMAL is not the best answer because it is not a type of DOG. (MAMMAL : DOG would fit the analogy.)
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CAT is not the best answer because it is not a type of DOG.
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CANARY is not the best answer because it is not a type of DOG.
16.
CAT : CLAWS :: PERSON : FINGERNAILS
CLAWS are at the end of a CAT’s paw (hand), as FINGERNAILS are at the end of a person’s hand.
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TEETH is not the best answer because they are not at the end of a person’s hand.
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FEET is not the best answer because they are not at the end of a person’s hand.
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HANDS is not the best answer because they are not at the end of a person’s hand.
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HAIR is not the best answer because it is not at the end of a person’s hand.
17.
CUT : SCAR :: HIKE : FOOTPRINTS
A SCAR is the physical remainder of a CUT. In the same way, FOOTPRINTS are the physical remainders of a HIKE.
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BOOTS is not the best answer because they are not the physical remainders of a HIKE.
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MAP is not the best answer because it is not the physical remainder of a HIKE.
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TRAIL is not the best answer because it is not the physical remainder of a HIKE.
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COMPASS is not the best answer because it is not the physical remainder of a HIKE.
18.
CANOE : BOAT :: APPLE : FRUIT
This is a type : category analogy. A CANOE is a type of BOAT. An APPLE is a type of FRUIT.
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ANIMAL : GOLDFISH is not the best answer because ANIMAL is not a type of GOLDFISH.
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PADDLE : SAIL is not the best answer because PADDLE is not a type of SAIL.
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CAR : GARAGE is not the best answer because CAR is not a type of GARAGE.
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ROSE : GARDEN is not the best answer because ROSE is not a type of GARDEN.
19.
BLADES OF GRASS : LAWN :: SINGERS : CHOIR
This is a part : whole analogy. A LAWN (whole) is made up of many BLADES OF GRASS. In the same way, a CHOIR
(whole) is made up of many SINGERS.
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HAIR : HAT is not the best answer because a HAT is not made up of many HAIRS.
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DRESSES : CLOSET is not the best answer because a CLOSET is not made up of many DRESSES. There can be
many different types of clothing in a CLOSET.
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FOREST : TREES is not the best answer because TREES are not made up of many FORESTS. (TREES : FOREST
would fit the analogy.)
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WATER : SWIMMING POOL is not the best answer because a SWIMMING POOL is not made up of many WATERS.
20.
EGGS : REFRIGERATOR :: PENCILS : DESK
Eggs are stored in a REFRIGERATOR in the same way that PENCILS are stored in a desk.
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GAS : CAR is not the best answer because GAS is not stored in a car.
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CARS : HIGHWAY is not the best answer because CARS are not stored on a highway.
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CEREAL : BOWL is not the best answer because CEREAL is not stored in a BOWL.
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ICE CUBE : GLASS OF WATER is not the best answer because ICE CUBES are not stored in a GLASS OF WATER.
21.
CONTINENT : COUNTRY :: HOUSE : ROOM
This is a whole : part analogy. A CONTINENT is made up of COUNTRIES, as a HOUSE is made up of ROOMS.
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CITY : STATES is not the best answer because a CITY is not made up of STATES. (STATE : CITY would fit the
analogy.)
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SCHOOL : AUDITORIUM is not the best answer because a SCHOOL is not made up of AUDITORIUMS.
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STORE : COUNTERS is not the best answer because a STORE is not made up of COUNTERS.
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OCEAN : BEACHES is not the best answer because an OCEAN is not made up of BEACHES.
22.
CARPET : ROOM :: SNOW : YARD
A CARPET covers the floor of a ROOM. In the same way, SNOW covers the floor of the YARD.
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WINDOW : WALL is not the best answer because a WINDOW does not cover the floor of a WALL.
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LEAVES : TREE is not the best answer because LEAVES do not cover the floor of a TREE.
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WINDOW : CURTAIN is not the best answer because a WINDOW does not cover the floor of a CURTAIN.
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CHAIR : TABLE is not the best answer because a CHAIR does not cover the floor of a TABLE.
23.
FRAME : PICTURE :: FENCE : YARD
A FRAME creates a border around a PICTURE. In the same way, a FENCE creates a border around a YARD.
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LAMP : SHADE is not the best answer because a LAMP does not create a border around a SHADE.
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DOG : CAT is not the best answer because a DOG does not create a border around a CAT.
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DIVING BOARD : POOL is not the best answer because a DIVING BOARD does not create a border around a POOL.
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PENCIL : ERASER is not the best answer because a PENCIL does not create a border around an ERASER.
24.
PAINTER : MUSEUM :: WRITER : LIBRARY
A PAINTER’S work may be kept in a MUSEUM. In the same way, a WRITER’S work may be kept in a LIBRARY.
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DOCTOR : HOSPITAL is not the best answer because a DOCTOR works in a HOSPITAL; a DOCTOR’S work is not
kept in a HOSPITAL.
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COOK : KITCHEN is not the best answer because a COOK works in a KITCHEN; a COOK’S work is not kept in a
KITCHEN.
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PHOTOGRAPHER : CAMERA SHOP is not the best answer because a PHOTOGRAPHER’S works are not kept in a
CAMERA SHOP.
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ARCHITECT : BUILDING is not the best answer because an ARCHITECT’S work is not kept in a BUILDING.
25.
PAINTER : PAINT :: COOK : EGGS
A PAINTER paints with PAINT. A COOK cooks with EGGS. The second term is a consumable product (a product that gets
used up) that the first term uses to perform its job.
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DOCTOR : STETHOSCOPE is not the best answer because STETHOSCOPE is a tool, not a consumable product
used by a DOCTOR.
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WRITER : PAPER is not the best answer because although PAPER may be a consumable product that a WRITER
uses, a WRITER writes on PAPER, not with PAPER. (PAINTER : PAINT :: WRITER : INK or PAINTER : CANVAS ::
WRITER : PAPER would be suitable analogies.)
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PHOTOGRAPHER : CAMERA is not the best answer because CAMERA is a tool, not a consumable product.
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ARCHITECT : RULER is not the best answer because RULER is a tool, not a consumable product.
26.
ESCALATOR : LADDER :: DRYER : CLOTHESLINE
In the first pair of this analogy, the two items have the same function; the first term is more modern and mechanized. Likewise,
DRYER and CLOTHESLINE have the same function; a DRYER is more modern and mechanized way to dry clothes.
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SIDEWALK : DRIVEWAY is not the best answer because the terms do not have the same function.
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OVEN : STOVE is not the best answer because although they both have a similar function (to cook food), an OVEN is
not a modern, mechanized version of a STOVE.
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FIREPLACE : FURNACE is not the best answer because the words are in the wrong order. A FURNACE is the
modern, mechanized version of a FIREPLACE and the function of both is to produce heat.
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SOFA : CHAIR is not the best answer because although they both have a similar function (to provide seating), a
SOFA is not a modern, mechanized version of a CHAIR.
27.
HUNGER : FOOD :: FEVER : ASPIRIN
FOOD relieves HUNGER. In the same way, ASPIRIN relieves FEVER.
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POISON IVY : RASH is not the best answer because RASH does not relieve POISON IVY.
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COLD : SNOWSTORM is not the best answer because SNOWSTORM does not relieve COLD.
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FATNESS : OVEREATING is not the best answer because OVEREATING does not relieve FATNESS.
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DRINK : THIRST is not the best answer because THIRST does not relieve DRINK.
28.
FENCE : GATE :: BELT : BUCKLE
A FENCE is opened by a GATE, which can be fastened. A BELT is opened by a BUCKLE, which can be fastened.
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WALL : BRICK is not the best answer because a WALL is not opened by a BRICK.
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WINDOW : HOUSE is not the best answer because a WINDOW is not opened by a HOUSE. Rather, a HOUSE
can be opened by a WINDOW.
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KEY : LOCK is not the best answer because a KEY is not opened by a LOCK. Rather, a LOCK is opened by a
KEY.
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DOOR : GARAGE is not the best answer because a DOOR is not opened by a GARAGE. A GARAGE can be
opened by a DOOR.
29.
STEM : TULIP :: POLE : FLAG
A TULIP is a flower at the end of a long STEM. In a similar way, a FLAG is a cloth banner at the end of a long POLE.
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TREE : BRANCH is not the best answer a BRANCH is not at the end of a long TREE.
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THORN : ROSE is not the best answer because a ROSE is not at the end of a long THORN.
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LEAF : MAPLE is not the best answer because a MAPLE is not at the end of a long LEAF.
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KNOB : DOOR is not the best answer because a DOOR is not at the end of a long KNOB.
30.
STAGECOACH : BUS :: FIREPLACE : FURNACE
This is another analogy based on items with similar functions. A STAGECOACH is a vehicle for transporting groups of people,
while a BUS is a more modern, motorized vehicle with the same function. In a similar way, a FIREPLACE is used to produce
heat: a FURNACE is a more modern, motorized machine with the same function.
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AIRPLANE : TRAIN is not the best answer because although they both have a similar function (to transport groups of
people), a TRAIN is not a modern, motorized version of an AIRPLANE.
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TREE : BUSH is not the best answer because a BUSH is not a modern, motorized version of a TREE.
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DRIVER : CAR is not the best answer because a CAR is not a modern, motorized version of a DRIVER.
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FRYING PAN : MICROWAVE OVEN is a not the best answer because although both items have similar functions
(cooking food), a MICROWAVE OVEN is an appliance whereas a FRYING PAN is a tool. A MICROWAVE OVEN is
not a modern, motorized version of a FRYING PAN.